第一篇：什么叫交鑰匙工程

什么叫交鑰匙工程

交鑰匙工程指跨國公司為東道國建造工廠或其他工程項目，一旦設計與建造工程完成，包括設備安裝、試車及初步操作順利運轉后，即將該工廠或項目所有權和管理權的“鑰匙”依合同完整地“交”給對方，由對方開始經營。因而，交鑰匙工程也可以看成是一種特殊形式的管理合同。

交鑰匙工程是在發(fā)達國家的跨國公司向不夠開放的發(fā)展中國家投資受阻后發(fā)展起來的一種非股權投資方式。如在實行改革開放前的社會主義國家，除了南斯拉夫、羅馬尼亞等少數國家外，大多數國家不準許外來企業(yè)進行投資，因此外國企業(yè)只能依賴其他方式從事投資或經營，交鑰匙工程就是其中行之有效的一種。另外，當自己擁有某種市場所需的尖端技術，在希望能快速地大面積覆蓋市場，所能使用的資本等要素又不足的情況下，就可以考慮采用交鑰匙工程方式。

在實務操作上，因為每個交鑰匙工程項目計劃必然有其自身特點，因此很難有一致性的標準交鑰匙工程合同。但是，無論合同的細節(jié)如何復雜，雙方都應對合同中的廠房和設備、雙方的義務和責任、不可抗力的含義、違反合同的法律責任，以及解決爭端的程序等重要事項說明清楚。

此外，如同一般技術授權一樣，工程交付后的繼續(xù)服務，也許是此類交鑰匙工程的重要獲利途徑。日本某廠商曾不惜以低于成本的“自我犧牲”方式，為印度尼西亞承建發(fā)電廠。表面上看這是一樁賠本生意，但是從長遠利益而言，將來發(fā)電廠所需的零配件供應、維護與整修等，勢必長期依賴于日本方面的支持，由此累積下來的利益無疑十分可觀。

第二篇：交鑰匙工程

交鑰匙工程

在工業(yè)領域，許多工程都是以交鑰匙工程來完成的。按照雙樂模式要求，“交鑰匙工程”就是指按照設計圖紙，進行相應的土建施工、設備和自控采購、安裝、調試的總承包，并最終驗收合格，承包商交出鑰匙由使用單位“開門入室”使用。實行“交鑰匙工程”有很多優(yōu)點，主要是：將繁鎖的采購工作和復雜的施工組織轉移到經驗豐富的承包單位，我們就能集中精力抓好工程質量控制，尤其是工程土建、設備、自控實行總承包不會出現相互扯皮的現象，能保證工程進度；而且選擇技術力量較強的總承包單位，能自覺執(zhí)行國家法律法規(guī)、行業(yè)標準、規(guī)定，施工質量得以保證。如何實施“交鑰匙工程”，我們認為要做好以下兩方面的工作：

一、培養(yǎng)優(yōu)秀的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴

按照市場經濟規(guī)律，本著互惠互利、相互促進及相互支持的原則，通過招標競爭，確定優(yōu)秀的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴，優(yōu)秀的戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴必須具有一定的經濟實力，能與雙樂公司同甘共苦；有較強的專業(yè)化組織能力，敢于承擔風險，肯拼搏的項目領導人員；以及具有較強的現場問題處理能力，懂管理，善于抓信息，善于打硬仗的現場施工隊伍。這樣才能保證項目實施的科學性、完善性與安全性。

二、抓好過程驗證

好的“交鑰匙工程”不僅要有好的施工單位，更重要的是要抓好過程控制或抽樣檢查，過程控制是確保工程質量的關鍵，過程控制的核心就是要按照雙樂模式的要求做好驗證工作，與有關部門溝通，盡快健全完善驗證標準和表單表式，規(guī)范驗證程序，具體做法是：

⑴總承包商事先按照合同要求做好清晰、可操作性強及易審核的質量保證計劃，并經甲方審核通過，以更好的符合甲方的要求；

⑵工程驗證員根據質量保證計劃做好每一步過程驗證，主要包括：原材料進場驗證，設備開箱驗證，中間過程控制點驗證，隱蔽工程驗證，關鍵工序驗證等； ⑶各階段驗證嚴格按雙樂模式要求，組織相關人員參加；

⑷工程驗證員及時出具驗證報告，以便施工單位整改和繼續(xù)施工，相關專業(yè)檢測還必須聘請有資質的單位進行；

總之，要真正做好驗證工作，特別重要的是要在提高驗證人員的素質上下功夫，使每個驗證人員具備高度的責任感和精湛的技能，忠于職守，熟知國家的法律法規(guī)，以及各種行業(yè)的規(guī)定、標準、規(guī)范和施工工藝，逐步形成一支“專家型”的驗證隊伍，這樣才能確保工程建設的質量，實現真正意義上的、合格的“交鑰匙工程”。

第三篇：交鑰匙工程的特點

交鑰匙工程

交鑰匙工程指跨國公司為東道國建造工廠或其他工程項目，一旦設計與建造工程完成，包括設備安裝、試車及初步操作順利運轉后，即將該工廠或項目所有權和管理權的“鑰匙”依合同完整地“交”給對方，由對方開始經營。因而，交鑰匙工程也可以看成是一種特殊形式的管理合同。

交鑰匙工程是在發(fā)達國家的跨國公司向不夠開放的發(fā)展中國家投資受阻后發(fā)展起來的一種非股權投資方式。如在實行改革開放前的社會主義國家，除了南斯拉夫、羅馬尼亞等少數國家外，大多數國家不準許外來企業(yè)進行投資，因此外國企業(yè)只能依賴其他方式從事投資或經營，交鑰匙工程就是其中行之有效的一種。另外，當自己擁有某種市場所需的尖端技術，在希望能快速地大面積覆蓋市場，所能使用的資本等要素又不足的情況下，就可以考慮采用交鑰匙工程方式。

在實務操作上，因為每個交鑰匙工程項目計劃必然有其自身特點，因此很難有一致性的標準交鑰匙工程合同。但是，無論合同的細節(jié)如何復雜，雙方都應對合同中的廠房和設備、雙方的義務和責任、不可抗力的含義、違反合同的法律責任，以及解決爭端的程序等重要事項說明清楚。

此外，如同一般技術授權一樣，工程交付后的繼續(xù)服務，也許是此類交鑰匙工程的重要獲利途徑。日本某廠商曾不惜以低于成本的“自我犧牲”方式，為印度尼西亞承建發(fā)電廠。表面上看這是一樁賠本生意，但是從長遠利益而言，將來發(fā)電廠所需的零配件供應、維護與整修等，勢必長期依賴于日本方面的支持，由此累積下來的利益無疑十分可觀。

交鑰匙工程的特點及類型

“交鑰匙”工程實際上是一種高度專業(yè)化的出口，是一種技術貿易方式。參加交鑰匙工程商務活動的企業(yè)一般有三類：工程設備的生產廠家、建筑公司及咨詢公司，其中以建筑公司為最多。而技術輸入方一般都為政府的有關機構，其中又以發(fā)展中國家居多。

根據技術輸入方的要求，交鑰匙的方式有兩種：一種是在承包工程完成、試車成功，達到合同中規(guī)定的指標要求后，即可進行技術交接;而另一種是承包人必須培養(yǎng)技術輸入方的管理、技術、操作人員，并由輸入方人員單獨操作達到合同規(guī)定的要求時才進行交接。這兩種方式對于技術輸出方來講其區(qū)別主要是風險的不同。在前種方式中，技術輸出方只承擔自身技術上的風險。而在后一種方式中，技術輸出方除了擔負自身的風險之外，還要承擔技術輸入方在技術、管理等方面的風險。

交鑰匙工程的優(yōu)點

用以安裝運行像煉油和煉鋼等復雜設施的技術訣竅是一種有價值的資產。“交鑰匙”工程的優(yōu)點在于他們可以使企業(yè)從這筆資產中獲得高額的經濟回報，尤其是當東道國限制外國直接投資時，這種戰(zhàn)略尤其有效。例如，許多富藏石油的國家政府開始建設他們自己的煉油工業(yè)，為了實現這一目標，這些國家的政府限制在石油和煉油領域里的外國直接投資。然而，由于很多國家缺少煉油的技術，他們不得不通過與擁有該技術的外國企業(yè)實施交鑰匙工程來獲得這項技術。對于賣方企業(yè)而言，這樣的交易通常非常有吸引力，因為如果沒有這些交易，他們將無法在該國從自己有價值的技術訣竅中獲得回報。同時，還可以降低在東道國投資的風險，而且與傳統的外國直接投資不同，該交易由于是短期投資，可以避免一些長期投資存在的風險。

交鑰匙工程的缺點

首先，從事“交鑰匙”工程的企業(yè)在客戶國家沒有長期利益。在這種情況下，當客戶國家后來成為交鑰匙工程生產的主要市場時，企業(yè)將無法從中獲得豐厚的長期利益，解決這一問題的方法是，企業(yè)應當在他所建造的交鑰匙工程中擁有少數股權。

其次，由于“交鑰匙”工程涉及先進技術的轉讓，這樣國外接受交鑰匙工程的公司未來有可能成為自己的競爭對手。為避免出現這種情況，企業(yè)一方面要選擇技術轉讓的對象，最好是潛力不大、將來對自己構不成威脅的外國企業(yè)。另一方面，企業(yè)在“交鑰匙”工程中應避免最核心技術的流失。

再次，如果企業(yè)的工藝技術是其競爭優(yōu)勢的來源，那么企業(yè)應避免從事轉讓工藝技術的“交鑰匙”工程。因為通過交鑰匙工程出售這種技術無異于向潛在的或者實際的競爭者轉讓它的競爭優(yōu)勢。

深圳前海首華國際商品交易中心是經深圳市人民政府金融發(fā)展服務辦公室、深圳市交易場所監(jiān)督管理聯席會議批準成立。交易中心立足深圳前海自貿區(qū)，堅持以“服務實體經濟、打造要素平臺”為發(fā)展宗旨。前海首華將為您準備更多的相關金融資料供您學習參考，同時也希望能對您產生幫助，感謝您的學習。

最后，由于“交鑰匙”工程的二期一般較長，因而支付工程的費用也必須分階段進行。但支付時間的拖長會導致財務風險的增加，為避免風險，合同雙方應在合同條款中對支付問題進行明確的規(guī)定。

第四篇：交鑰匙工程合同概述

交鑰匙工程合同概述

一、交鑰匙工程承包概述

某些項目的所有者有時出于對項目建設過程的管理不太熟悉考慮，將項目實施過程所涉及的設計、施工、材料和設備采購、竣工和保修一攬子發(fā)包給一個承包商而采用的一種簡單項目管理模式。雇主的主要目的是，保證建設投資項目預期功能目標的前提下，通過固定最終價格(有時還有固定竣工日期的方式)，與承包商訂立合同。目前國內外很多工程采用這種承包方式，尤其是BoT模式建沒的工程項日大多采用交鑰匙合同方式。交鑰匙承包方式的項目建設周期比首先完成設計后再施工方式的時間短，因為施工圖階段的部分設計可以與施工時間有部分搭接同步進行，后續(xù)工程的設計出圖時間只要不影響工程的施工進度即町。另外，由于設計和施工由一個承包商完成，設計階段即考慮到施工的可行性，不僅相互協調比較好，而且避免了施工承包中經常遇到的設計變更對施工和項目投資的不利影響。

由于承包范圍包括整個項目建設全過程的各個方面，承包商往往采用聯合體方式作為承包人，或實力較強的承包商接受合同后，再將工作任務分解后發(fā)包給不同的分包商實施。《施工合同條件》分配風險的原則是，哪種風險在雇主和承包商間誰最有能力承擔就歸于哪一方的平衡分配風險原則，進而使雇主能夠按較低價格簽訂合同，僅在實際發(fā)生特殊的非正常風險情況下，才增加進一步費用。交鑰匙承包工程由于承包范圍的廣泛性，使得承包商幾乎要承擔項目實施過程中可能發(fā)生的各種風險，因此承包的合同價較高。交鑰匙合同采用不可調價的固定總價方式承包，即不以實際完成的工程量作為給承包商支付的依據，也不考慮合同履行期間巾場價格浮動對施工成本的影響。

交鑰匙承包通常也采用招標方式選擇承包商。為了確保價格、時間和功能的確定性，招標過程中，在招標文件中的“雇主要求”文件對承包商實施過程的要求比較明確，給予承包商時間和機會研究所有有關資料，簽訂合同前雇主與承包商就技術問題和商務條件進行討論后達成的協議也將作為合同的組成部分。

項目實施過程中給予承包商按他選擇的方式自由地進行工作，只要最終結果滿足雇主規(guī)定的功能標準即可，因此交鑰匙合同條件中不設工程師對承包商的工作進行監(jiān)督和管理。雇主對承包商的工作只進行有限的控制，一般不進行干預。

二、交鑰匙工程合同概述

FIDIC 1999年出版的《設汁采購施工(EPC)／交鑰匙工程合同條件》適用于項目建設總承包的合同，也是由通用條件和專用條件兩部分組成。通用條件條款的標題分別為：一般規(guī)定，雇主，雇主的管理，承包商，設計，員工，生產設備、材料和工藝，開工、延誤和暫停，竣工試驗，雇主的接收，缺陷責任，竣工后試驗，變更和凋整，合同價格和付款，由雇主終止，由承包商暫停和終止，風險與職責，保險，不可抗力，索賠、爭端和仲裁，共20條166款。

為了便于使用者對不同合同條件的理解和應用，FIDIC編制的《施工合同條件》、《設計采購施工(EPC)／交鑰匙工程合同條件》和《生產設備和設計-—施工合同條件》均采用20條的結構形式，而且對同時適用于各個合同間的條款內容完全一致，因此奉章儀就與《施工合同條件》的主要區(qū)別予以介紹。

第五篇：交鑰匙工程合同FIDIC標準范本(雙語版)

國際咨詢工程師聯合會

Fédération Internationale Des Ingénieurs-Conseils

FIDIC 合同條件

CONTENTS 目 錄

1.一般規(guī)定 General Provisions..................................................................................................................6 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 定義 Definitions...........................................................................................................................7 解釋 Interpretation.....................................................................................................................13 通訊聯絡 Communications.......................................................................................................13 法律和語言 1.4 Law and Language..........................................................................................14 文件的優(yōu)先次序 1.5 Priority of documents..............................................................................14 合同協議書 1.6 Contract Agreement........................................................................................15 轉讓 1.7 Assignment..................................................................................................................15 文件的保管和提供 1.8 Care and Supply of documents............................................................16 拖延的圖紙或指示 1.9 Delayed Drawings or Instructions.......................................................16 雇主使用承包商的文件 1.10 Employer's Use of Contractor's documents...............................17 承包商使用雇主的文件 1.11 Contractor's Use of Employer's documents...............................18 保密事項 1.12 Confidential Details..........................................................................................18 遵守法律 1.13 Compliance with Laws......................................................................................18 共同的與各自的責任 1.14 Joint and Several Liability.............................................................19

2.雇主 THE EMPLOYER........................................................................................................................19 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 進入現場的權利 2.1 Right of Access to the Site......................................................................19 許可、執(zhí)照和批準 2.2 Permits, Licences or Approval............................................................20 雇主的人員 2.3 Employer's Personnel......................................................................................20 雇主的資金安排 2.4 Employer's Financial Arrangements........................................................21 雇主的索賠 2.5 Employer's Claims..........................................................................................21

3.工程師 THE ENGINEER......................................................................................................................22 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 工程師的職責和權力 3.1Engineer's Duties and Authority.......................................................22 工程師的授權 3.2 Delegation by the Engineer.........................................................................23 工程師的指示 3.3 Instructions of the Engineer........................................................................23 工程師的撤換 3.4 Replacement of the Engineer......................................................................24 決定 3.5 Determinations............................................................................................................24

4.承包商 The Contractor..........................................................................................................................25 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 承包商的一般義務 4.1 Contractor's General Obligations........................................................25 履約保證 4.2 Performance Security..........................................................................................26 承包商的代表 4.3 Contractor's Representative.........................................................................27 分包商 4.4 subcontractors.........................................................................................................28

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4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19 4.20 4.21 4.22 4.23 4.24 分包合同利益的轉讓 4.5 Assignment of Benefit of Subcontract.............................................29 合作 4.6 Co-operation................................................................................................................29 放線 4.7 Setting Out..................................................................................................................29 安全措施 4.8 Safety Procedures................................................................................................30 質量保證 4.9 Quality Assurance...............................................................................................31 現場數據 4.10 Site Data............................................................................................................31 接受的合同款額的完備性 4.11 Sufficiency of the Accepted Contract Amount......................32 不可預見的外界條件 4.12 Unforeseeable Physical Conditions...............................................32 道路通行權和設施 4.13 Rights of Way and Facilities..............................................................34 避免干擾 4.14 Avoidance of Interference.................................................................................34 進場路線 4.15 Access Route.....................................................................................................34 貨物的運輸 4.16 Transport of Goods........................................................................................35 承包商的設備 4.17 Contractor's Equipment.............................................................................35 環(huán)境保護 4.18 Protection of the environment...........................................................................36 電、水、氣 4.19 Electricity, Water and Gas.............................................................................36 雇主的設備和免費提供的材料 4.20 Employer's Equipment and Free-Issue Material............36 進度報告 4.21 Progress Reports................................................................................................37 現場保安

4.22 Security of the Site..........................................................................................38 承包商的現場工作 4.23 Contractor's Operations on Site.........................................................39 化石 4.24 Fossils.......................................................................................................................39

5.指定分包商............................................................................................................................................40 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 指定分包商的定義 5.1 Definition of “nominated Subcontractor.............................................40 對指定的反對 5.2 Objection to Nomination.............................................................................40 對指定分包商的支付 5.3 Payments to nominated Subcontractors...........................................41 支付的證據 5.4 Evidence of Payments.....................................................................................41

6.職員和勞工 Staff and Labour................................................................................................................42 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 職員和勞工的雇用 6.1 Engagement of Staff and Labour.........................................................42 工資標準和勞動條件 6.2 Rates of Wages and Conditions of Labour......................................42 為他人提供服務的人員 6.3 Persons in the Service of Employer............................................42 勞動法

6.4 Labour Laws.........................................................................................................42 工作時間

6.5 Working hours...................................................................................................42 為職員和勞工提供的設施

6.6 Facilities for Staff and Labour...............................................43 健康和安全

6.7 Health and Safety..........................................................................................43 承包商的監(jiān)督 6.8 Contractor's Superintendence......................................................................44 承包商的人員

6.9 Contractor's Personnel...............................................................................44

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6.10 6.11 承包商的人員和設備的記錄 6.10 Records of Contractor's Personnel and Equipment...........44 妨礙治安的行為 6.11 Disorderly Conduct...............................................................................45

7.永久設備、材料和工藝.........................................................................................................................45 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 實施方式 7.1 Manner of Execution...........................................................................................45 樣本 7.2 Samples.......................................................................................................................45 檢查

7.3 Inspection..................................................................................................................46 檢驗 7.4 Testing.........................................................................................................................46 拒收 7.5 Rejection.....................................................................................................................47 補救工作 7.6 Remedial Work....................................................................................................48 對永久設備和材料的擁有權 7.7 Ownership of Plant and Materials.......................................48 礦區(qū)使用費

7.8 Royalties........................................................................................................49

8.開工、延誤和暫停 Commencement, Delays and Suspension..............................................................49 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 8.9 工程的開工 8.1 Commencement of Works...............................................................................49 竣工時間 8.2 Time for Completion...........................................................................................49 進度計劃 8.3 Programme..........................................................................................................50 竣工時間的延長

8.4 Extension of Time for Completion........................................................51 由公共當局引起的延誤 8.5 Delays Caused by Authorities.....................................................52 進展速度 8.6 Rate of Progress..................................................................................................52 誤期損害賠償費

8.7 Delay Damages.....................................................................................53 工程暫停 8.8 Suspension of Work............................................................................................53 暫停引起的后果 8.9 Consequences of Suspension...............................................................53

8.10 暫停時對永久設備和材料的支付

8.10 Payment for Plant and Materials in Event of Suspension...........................................................................54 8.11 8.12 持續(xù)的暫停 8.11 Prolonged Suspension...................................................................................54 復工

8.12 Resumption of Work...............................................................................................54

9.竣工檢驗 Tests On Completion.............................................................................................................54 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 10.10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 11.承包商的義務 9.1 Contractor's Obligations..............................................................................54 延誤的檢驗 9.2 Delayed Tests..................................................................................................55 重新檢驗

9.3 Retesting............................................................................................................55 未能通過竣工檢驗 9.4 Failure to Pass Tests on completion.................................................56 10 雇主的接收 Employer’s Taking Over.................................................................................56 對工程和區(qū)段的接收 10.1 Taking Over of the Works and Sections........................................56 對部分工程的接收

10.2 Taking Over of parts of the Works..................................................57 對竣工檢驗的干擾 10.3 Interference with Tests on Completion..............................................58 地表需要恢復原狀

10.4 Surfaces Requiring Reinstatement..................................................59 缺陷責任 Defects Liability........................................................................................................59

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11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 11.9 11.10 11.11 12.12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 13.13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 13.7 13.8 14.14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 14.9 完成掃尾工作和修補缺陷 11.1 Completion of Outstanding Work and Remedying Defects..59 修補缺陷的費用.........................................................................................................................60 缺陷通知期的延長

11.3 Extension of Defects Notification Period........................................60 未能補救缺陷 11.4 Failure to Remedy Defects........................................................................60 清除有缺陷的部分工程

11.5 Removal of Defective Work....................................................61 進一步的檢驗 11.6 Further Tests..............................................................................................61 進入權 11.7 Right of Access......................................................................................................62 承包商的檢查 11.8 Contractor to Search..................................................................................62 履約證書 11.9 Performance Certificate.....................................................................................62 未履行的義務 11.1 Unfulfilled Obligations..............................................................................62 現場的清理 11.11 Clearance of Site..........................................................................................63 測量和估價 Measurement and Evaluation................................................................................63 需測量的工程

12.1 Works to be Measured.............................................................................63 測量方法

12.2 Method of Measurement.................................................................................64 估價 12.3 Evaluation.................................................................................................................64 省略

12.4 Omissions................................................................................................................65 變更和調整 Variations and Adjustments...................................................................................66 有權變更

13.1 Right to Vary...................................................................................................66 價值工程 13.2 value Engineering..............................................................................................67 變更程序

13.3 Variation Procedure.........................................................................................68 以適用的貨幣支付

13.4 Payment in Applicable Currencies..................................................68 暫定金額

13.5Provisional Sums..............................................................................................68 計日工

13.6 Daywork..............................................................................................................69 法規(guī)變化引起的調整

13.7Adjustments for changes in Lesgislation......................................70 費用變化引起的調整 13.8 Adjustments for Changes in the Cost............................................71 合同價格和支付 Contractor price and Payment.......................................................................72 合同價格14.1The contractor Price............................................................................................72 預付款14.2Advance Payment...................................................................................................73 期中支付證書的申請14.3 Application for Interim Payment Certificates.................................74 支付表14.4Schedule of Payments.............................................................................................75 用于永久工程的永久設備和材料14.5 Plant and Materials.....................................................76 期中支付證書的頒發(fā)14.6 Issue of Interim Payment Certificates............................................78 支付Payment..............................................................................................................................78 延誤的支付Delayed Payment...................................................................................................79 保留金的支付Payment of Retention money.............................................................................79

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14.10 14.11 14.12 14.13 14.14 14.15 15.15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 16.16.1 16.2 竣工報表Statement of Completion............................................................................................80 申請最終支付證書Application for Final Payment Certificate.................................................80 結清單Discharge.......................................................................................................................81 最終支付證書的頒發(fā)Issue of Final Payment Certificate.........................................................81 雇主責任的終止Cessation of Employer’s Liability..................................................................82 支付的貨幣Currencies of Payment...........................................................................................82 雇主提出終止 Termination by Employer..................................................................................83 通知改正 15.1 Notice to Correct...............................................................................................83 雇主提出終止 15.2 Termination by Employer..........................................................................83 終止日期時的估價.....................................................................................................................85 終止后的支付 15.4 Payment after Termination........................................................................85 雇主終止合同的權力.................................................................................................................86 承包商提出暫停和終止 Suspens on and Termination by Contractor.......................................86 承包商有權暫停工作 16.1 Contractor's Entitlement to Suspend Work.................................86 承包商提出終止 16.2 Termination by Contractor....................................................................87

16.3 停止工作及承包商的設備的撤離 16.3 Cessation of Work and Removal of Contractor's Equipment...................................................................................................................................................88 16.4 17.17.1 17.2 17.3 17.4 17.5 17.6 18.18.1 18.2 終止時的支付 16.4Payment on Termination............................................................................89 風險和責任 Risk and Responsibility.........................................................................................89 保障 17.1 Indemnities................................................................................................................89 承包商對工程的照管 17.2 Contractor's Care of the Works......................................................90 雇主的風險 17.3 Employer's Risks...........................................................................................90 雇主的風險造成的后果 17.4 Consequences of Employer’s rirks............................................91 知識產權和工業(yè)產權 17.5 Intellectual and Industrial Property Rights....................................92 責任限度 17.6 Limitation of Liability.......................................................................................93 保險 Insurance...........................................................................................................................93 有關保險的總體要求 18.1 General Requirements for insurances............................................93 工程和承包商的設備的保險 18.2 Insurance for Works and Contractor’s equipment.............95

18.3 人員傷亡和財產損害的保險 18.3Insurance against Injury to Persons and Damage under to Property 97 18.4 19.19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 承包商的人員的保險 18.4 Insurance for Contractor’s Personnel............................................98 不可抗力 Force Majeure...........................................................................................................99 不可抗力的定義 19.1 Defination of Force Majeure.................................................................99 不可抗力的通知 19.2 Notice of Force Majeure.....................................................................100 減少延誤的責任 19.3 Duty to Minimise Delay......................................................................100 不可抗力引起的后果 19.4 Consequences of Force Majeure.................................................100

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19.5 19.6 19.7 20.20.1 20.2 20.3 20.4 20.5 20.6 不可抗力對分包商的影響 19.5 Force Majeure Affecting Subcontractor..............................101 可選擇的終止、支付和返回 19.6 Optional Termination, Payment and Release...................101 根據法律解除履約 19.7 Release from Performance under the Law......................................102 索賠、爭端和仲裁 Claim, Disputes and Arbitration..............................................................102 承包商的索賠 20.1 Contractor's Claims.................................................................................102 爭端裁決委員會的委任 20.2 Appointment of the Dispute Adjudication Board....................104 未能同意爭端裁決委員會的委任 20.3 Failure to Agree Dispute Adjudication Board.........106 獲得爭端裁決委員會的決定 20.4 Obtaining Dispute Adjudication Board's Decision..........106 友好解決 20.5 Amicable both Settlement...............................................................................107 仲裁 20.6 Arbitration...............................................................................................................108

20.7 未能遵守爭端裁決委員會的決定 20.7 Failure to Comply with Dispute Adjudication Board's Decision 109 20.8 爭端裁決委員會的委任期滿 20.8 Expiry of Dispute Adjudication Board's Appointment....109

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通用條件 General Conditions 1.一般規(guī)定

General Provisions

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1.1 定義

Definitions 在包括專用條件和本通用條件的合同條件（“本合同條件”）中，以下措辭和用語的含義如下所述。除非上下文中另有要求，指當事人和當事各方的詞包括公司和其它法律實體。In the Conditions of Contract(”these Conditions“), which include Particular Conditions and these General Conditions, the following words and expressions shall have the meanings stated.Words indicating persons or parties include corporations and other legal entities, except where the context requires otherwise.1.1.1 合同 1.1.1 The Contract 1.1.1.1“合同(Contract)”指合同協議書、中標函、投標函、本合同條件、規(guī)范、圖紙、資料表、以及在合同協議書或中標函中列明的其它進一步的文件(如有時)。

1.1.1.1 ”Contract“ means the Contract Agreement, the Letter of Acceptance, the Letter of Tender, these Conditions, the Specification, the Drawings, the Schedules, and the further documents(if any)which are listed in the Contract Agreement or in the Letter of Acceptance.1.1.1.2“合同協議書(Contract Agreement)”指 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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1.1.1.7 ”Schedules“ means the document(s)entitled schedules, completed by the Contractor and submitted with the Letter of Tender, as included in the Contract.Such document may include the Bill of Quantities, data, lists, and schedules of rates and/or prices 1.1.1.8“投標文件(Tender)”指投標函和合同中規(guī)定的承包商應隨投標函提交的其它所有文件。

1.1.1.8 ”Tender“ means the Letter of Tender and all other documents which the Contractor submitted with the Letter of Tender, as included in the Contract.1.1.1.9“投標函附錄(Appendix to Tender)”指名稱為投標函附錄并已填寫完畢的文件，附于投標函之后并構成投標函的一部分。

1.1.1.9 ”Appendix to Tender“ means the completed pages entitled appendix to tender which are appended to and form part of the Letter of Tender.1.1.1.10 “工程量表(Bill of Quantities)”和“計日工計劃(Daywork Schedule)”指資料表中如此命名的文件(如有時)。

1.1.1.10 ”Bill of Quantities“ and ”Day work Schedule“ mean the documents so named(if any)which are comprised in the Schedules.1.1.2 當事各方和當事人 1.1.2Parties and Persons 1.1.2.1“一方(Party)”指雇主或承包商(根據上下文而定)。

1.1.2.1 ”Party“ means the Employer or the Contractor, as the context requires.1.1.2.2“雇主(Employer)”指在投標函附錄中指定為雇主的當事人或此當事人的合法繼承人。1.1.2.2 ”Employer“ means the person named as employer in the Appendix to Tender and the legal successors in title to this person.1.1.2.3“承包商(Contractor)”指在雇主收到的投標函中指明為承包商的當事人(一個或多個)及其合法繼承人。

1.1.2.3 ”Contractor“ means the person(s)named as contractor in the Letter of Tender accepted by the Employer and the legal successors in title to this person(s).1.1.2.4“工程師(Engineer)”指雇主為合同之目的指定作為工程師工作并在投標函附錄中指明的人員，或由雇主按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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[Delegation by the Engineer] and all other staff, labour and other employees of the Engineer and of the Employer;and any other personnel notified to the Contractor, by the Employer or the Engineer, as Employer's Personnel.1.1.2.7“承包商的人員”指承包商的代表和所有承包商在現場使用的人員，包括職員、勞工和承包商及各分包商的其他雇員；以及其他所有幫助承包商實施工程的人員。1.1.2.7 ”Contractor's Personnel“ means the Contractor's Representative and all personnel whom the Contractor utilises on Site, who may include the staff, labour and other employees of the Contractor and of each Subcontractor;and any other personnel assisting the Contractor in the execution of the Works.1.1.2.8“分包商”指合同中指明為分包商的所有人員，或為部分工程指定為分包商的人員；及所有上述人員的合法繼承人。

1.1.2.8 ”Subcontractor“ means any person named in the Contract as a subcontractor, or any person appointed as a subcontractor, for a part of the Works;and the legal successors in title to each of these persons.1.1.2.9“爭端裁決委員會”指合同中如此命名的一個或三個當事人，或按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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1.1.3.5“接收證書”指按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Final Payment Certificate].1.1.4.6“外幣”指可用來支付部分(或全部)合同價格的某種貨幣，但不指當地貨幣。1.1.4.6 ”Foreign Currency“ means a currency in which part(or all)of the Contract Price is payable, but not the Local Currency.1.1.4.7“期中支付證書”指根據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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照合同僅負責供應的材料(如有時)。

1.1.5.3 ”Materials， means things of all kinds(other than Plant)intended to form or forming part of the Permanent Works, including the supply-only materials(if any)to be supplied by the Contractor under the Contract.1.1.5.4“永久工程”指將由承包商按照合同實施的永久工程。

1.1.5.4 “Permanent Works” means the permanent works to be executed by the Contractor under the Contract.1.1.5.5“永久設備”指將構成或構成部分永久工程的機械、儀器和車輛。

1.1.5.5 “Plant” means the apparatus, machinery and vehicles intended to form or forming part of the Permanent Works.1.1.5.6“區(qū)段”指投標函附錄中指明為區(qū)段的部分工程(如有時)。

1.1.5.6 “Section” means apart of the Works specified in the Appendix to Tender as a Section(if any).1.1.5.7“臨時工程”指為了實施和完成永久工程以及修補任何缺陷在現場上所需的各種類型的臨時工程(承包商的設備除外)。

1.5.7 “Temporary Works” means all temporary works of every kind(other than Contractor's Equipment)required on Site for the execution and completion of the Permanent Works and the remedying of any defects.1.1.5.8“工程”指永久工程和臨時工程，或視情況指其中之一。

1.1.5.8 “Works” mean the Permanent Works and the Temporary Works, or either of them as appropriate.1.1.6 其它定義 1.1.6 Other Definitions 1.1.6.1“承包商的文件”指由承包商按照合同規(guī)定提交的計算書、計算機程序及其它軟件、圖紙、手冊、模型、和其它技術性文件(如有時)。1.1.6.1 “Contractor's 1.1.6.2“工程所在國”指現場(或大部分現場)所在的國家，永久工程將在此實施。1.1.6.2 ”Country“ means the country in which the Site(or most of it)is located, where the Permanent Works are to be executed.1.1.6.3“雇主的設備”指規(guī)范中說明的，在實施工程的過程中，雇主提供給承包商使用的機械、儀器和車輛(如有時)；但不包括尚未被雇主接收的永久設備。

1.1.6.3 ”Employer's Equipment“ means the apparatus, machinery and vehicles(if any)made available by the Employer for the use of the Contractor in the execution of the Works, as stated in the Specification;but does not include Plant which has not been taken over by the Employer.1.1.6.4“不可抗力”如 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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1.1.6.5 ”Laws“ means all national(or state)legislation, statutes, ordinances and other laws, and regulations and by-laws of any legally constituted public authority.1.1.6.6“履約保證”指 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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FIDIC 合同條件

determinations, notices and requests, these communications shall be:（a）為書面的，且應派人面交并取得收據，或者郵寄，或由信使送達，或按投標函附錄中所列通過經同意的電子傳輸系統傳輸；且

(a)in writing and delivered by hand(against receipt), sent by mail or courier, or transmitted using any of the agreed systems of electronic transmission as stated in the Appendix to Tender;and（b）遞交、郵寄或傳輸到投標函附錄中規(guī)定的收件人地址。但是：

(b)delivered, sent or transmitted to the address for the recipient's communications as stated in the Appendix to Tender.However:（i）如果收件人發(fā)出了更改地址的通知，其后的信件應投送到相應的地址；且

(i)if the recipient gives notice of another address, communications shall thereafter be delivered accordingly;and（ii）如果收件人在要求批準或同意時沒有另做說明，此批準或同意可送達發(fā)出要求的地址。

(ii)if the recipient has not stated otherwise when requesting an approval or consent, it may be sent to the address from which the request was issued.批準、證書、同意及決定不得被無理扣壓或拖延。向一方頒發(fā)證書時，頒發(fā)者應向另一方送交一份復印件。當另一方或工程師向一方發(fā)出通知時，應向工程師或另一方送交一份復印件(視情況而定)。

Approvals, certificates, consents and determinations shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.When a certificate is issued to a Party, the certifier shall send a copy to the other Party.When a notice is issued to a Party, by the other Parry or the Engineer, a copy shall be sent to the Engineer or the other Party, as the case may be.1.4 法律和語言

1.4 Law and Language 合同應受投標函附錄中規(guī)定的國家(或其它管轄區(qū)域)的法律的制約。

The Contract shall be governed by the law of the country(or other jurisdiction)stated in the Appendix to Tender.如果合同的任何部分使用一種以上語言編寫，從而構成了不同的版本，則以投標函附錄中規(guī)定的主導語言編寫的版本優(yōu)先。

If there are versions of any part of the Contract which are written in more than one language, the version which is in the ruling language stated in the Appendix to Tender shall prevail.往來信函應使用投標函附錄中規(guī)定的語言。如果投標函附錄中沒有規(guī)定，則往來信函應使用編寫合同(或大部分合同)的語言。

The language for communications shall be that stated in the Appendix to Tender.If no language is stated there, the language for communications shall be the language in which the Contract(or most of it)is written.1.5 文件的優(yōu)先次序

1.5 Priority of documents 構成合同的各個文件應被視作互為說明的。為解釋之目的，各文件的優(yōu)先次序如下： The documents forming the Contract are to be taken as mutually explanatory of one another.For the purposes of interpretation, the priority of the documents shall be in accordance with the

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following sequence:（a）合同協議書(如有時)，(a)the Contract Agreement(if any),（b）中標函，(b)the Letter of Acceptance,（c）投標函，(c)the Letter of Tender,（d）專用條件，(d)the Particular Conditions,（e）本通用條件

(e)these General Conditions,（f）規(guī)范(f)the Specification,（g）圖紙，和(g)the Drawings, and（h）資料表以及其它構成合同一部分的文件。

(h)the Schedules and any other documents forming part of the Contract.如果在合同文件中發(fā)現任何含混或矛盾之處，工程師應頒發(fā)任何必要的澄清或指示。If an ambiguity or discrepancy is found in the documents, the Engineer shall issue any necessary clarification or instruction.1.6 合同協議書

1.6 Contract Agreement 除非雙方另有協議，否則雙方應在承包商收到中標函后的28天內簽訂合同協議書。合同協議書應以專用條件后所附的格式為基礎。法律規(guī)定的與簽訂合同協議書有關的印花稅和其它類似費用(如有時)應由雇主承擔。

The Parties shall enter into a Contract Agreement within 28 days after the Contractor receives the Letter of Acceptance, unless they agree otherwise.The Contract Agreement shall be based upon the form annexed to the Particular Conditions.The costs of stamp duties and similar charges(if any)imposed by law in connection with entry into the Contract Agreement shall be borne by the Employer.1.7 轉讓

1.7 Assignment 任一方都不得轉讓整個或部分合同或轉讓根據合同應得的利益或權益。但一方： Neither Party shall assign the whole or any part of the Contract or any benefit or interest in or under the Contract.However, either Party:（a）經另一方的事先同意可以轉讓整個或部分合同，決定權完全在于另一方，及(a)may assign the whole or any part with the prior agreement of the other Party, at the sole discretion of such other Party, and

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（b）可將其按照合同對任何到期或將到期的金額所享有的權利，以銀行或金融機構作為受益人，作為抵押轉讓出去。

(b)may, as security in favour of a bank or financial institution, assign its right to any moneys due, or to become due, under the Contract.1.8 文件的保管和提供

1.8 Care and Supply of documents 規(guī)范和圖紙應由雇主保護和保管。除非合同另有規(guī)定，否則雇主應向承包商提供合同及每份后續(xù)圖紙的兩份復印件，承包商可自行復制或要求雇主為其提供更多的復印件，但費用自理。

The Specification and Drawings shall be in the custody and care of the Employer.Unless otherwise stated in the Contract, two copies of the Contract and of each subsequent Drawing shall be supplied to the Contractor, who may make or request further copies at the cost of the Contractor.在移交給雇主之前，每份承包商的文件都應由承包商來保護和保管。除非合同另有規(guī)定，否則承包商應向工程師提供6份承包商的所有文件的復印件。

Each of the Contractor's documents shall be in the custody and care of the Contractor, unless and until taken over by the Employer.Unless otherwise stated in the Contract, the Contractor shall supply to the Engineer six copies of each of the Contractor's documents.承包商應在現場保留一份合同的復印件、規(guī)范中列出的所有文件、承包商的文件(如有時)、圖紙和變更以及其它按照合同收發(fā)的往來信函。雇主的人員有權在任何合理的時間查看和使用所有上述文件。

The Contractor shall keep, on the Site, a copy of the Contract, publications named in the Specification, the Contractor's documents(if any), the Drawings and Variations and other communications given under the Contract.The Employer's Personnel shall have the right of access to all these documents at all reasonable times.如果一方在用于施工的文件中發(fā)現了技術性錯誤或缺陷，應立即向另一方通知此類錯誤或缺陷。

If a Party becomes aware of an error or defect of a technical nature in a document which was prepared for use in executing the Works, the Party shall promptly give notice to the other Party of such error or defect.1.9 拖延的圖紙或指示

1.9 Delayed Drawings or Instructions 當因必要的圖紙或指示不能在一合理的特定時間內頒發(fā)給承包商，從而可能引起工程延誤或中斷時，承包商應通知工程師。通知中應包括所必需的圖紙或指示的詳細內容、應頒發(fā)的詳細理由和時間，以及如果因圖紙或指示遲發(fā)可能造成的延誤或中斷的具體性質和程度。

The Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer whenever the Works are likely to be delayed or disrupted if any necessary drawing or instruction is not issued to the Contractor within a particular time, which shall be reasonable.The notice shall include details of the necessary drawing or instruction, details of why and by when it should be issued, and details of the nature and amount of the delay or disruption likely to be suffered if it is late.如果因工程師未能在一合理的、且已在(附有詳細證據的)通知中說明的時間內頒發(fā)承包商在通知中要求的圖紙或指示，而導致承包商延誤和(/或)招致費用增加時，承包商應向工程師發(fā)出進一步的通知，且按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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If the Contractor suffers delay and/or incurs Cost as a result of a failure of the Engineer to issue the notified drawing or instruction within a time which is reasonable and is specified in the notice with supporting details, the Contractor shall give a further notice to the Engineer and shall be entitled subject to Sub-Clause 20.1 [Contractor's Claims] to:（a）根據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(c)in the case of Contractor's documents which are in the form of computer programs and other software, permit their use on any computer on the Site and other places as envisaged by the Contract, including replacements of any computers supplied by the Contractor.未經承包商同意，雇主不得因本款規(guī)定外的任何目的為 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Employer harmless against and from the consequences of any failure to do so.1.14 共同的與各自的責任

1.14 Joint and Several Liability 如果承包商是由兩個或兩個以上當事人組成的聯營體、聯合集團或其它聯合團體時： If the Contractor constitutes(under applicable Laws)a joint venture, consortium or other unincorporated grouping of two or more persons:（a）應認為上述當事人應向雇主對合同的履行負共同的與各自的責任；

(a)these persons shall be deemed to be jointly and severally liable to the Employer for the performance of the Contract;（b）上述當事人應向雇主通知他們的負責人，此負責人有權管理承包商及其中每位成員；且

(b)these persons shall notify the Employer of their leader who shall have authority to bind the Contractor and each of these persons;and 沒有雇主的事先同意，承包商不得改變其組成或法律地位。

(c)the Contractor shall not alter its composition or legal status without the prior consent of the Employer.2.雇主

THE EMPLOYER 2.1 進入現場的權利

2.1 Right of Access to the Site 雇主應在投標函附錄中注明的時間（或各時間段）內給予承包商進入和占用現場所有部分的權利。此類進入和占用權可不為承包商獨享。如果合同要求雇主賦予(承包商)對基礎、結構、永久設備或通行手段的占用權，則雇主應在規(guī)范注明的時間內按照規(guī)范中規(guī)定的方式履行該職責。但是在收到履約保證之前，雇主可以不給予任何此類權利或占用。The Employer shall give the Contractor right of access to, and possession of, all parts of the Site within the time(or times)stated in the Appendix to Tender.The right and possession may not be exclusive to the Contractor.If, under the Contract, the Employer is required to give(to the Contractor)possession of any foundation, structure, plant or means of access, the Employer shall do so in the time and manner stated in the Specification.However, the Employer may withhold any such right or possession until the Performance Security has been received.如果投標函附錄中未注明時間，則雇主應在一合理的時間內給予承包商進入現場和占用現場的權利，此時間應能使承包商可以按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)如果竣工已經或將被延誤，根據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)依照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Period].此筆款額應在合同價格及支付證書中扣除。雇主僅有權從支付證書中確定的款額中抵消或扣除，或依據本款向承包商另外提出索賠。

This amount may be included as a deduction in the Contract Price and Payment Certificates.The Employer shall only be entitled to set off against or make any deduction from an amount certified in a Payment Certificate, or to otherwise claim against the Contractor, in accordance with this Sub-Clause.3.工程師

THE ENGINEER 3.1 工程師的職責和權力

3.1Engineer's Duties and Authority 雇主應任命工程師，該工程師應履行合同中賦予他的職責。工程師的人員包括有恰當資格的工程師以及其他有能力履行上述職責的專業(yè)人員。

The Employer shall appoint the Engineer who shall carry out the duties assigned to Authority him in the Contract.The Engineer's staff shall include suitably qualified engineers and other professionals who are competent to carry out these duties.工程師無權修改合同。

The Engineer shall have no authority to amend the Contract.工程師可行使合同中明確規(guī)定的或必然隱含的賦予他的權力。如果要求工程師在行使其規(guī)定權力之前需獲得雇主的批準，則此類要求應與合同專用條件中注明。雇主不能對工程師的權力加以進一步限制，除非與承包商達成一致。

The Engineer may exercise the authority attributable to the Engineer as specified in or necessarily to be implied from the Contract.If the Engineer is required to obtain the approval of the Employer before exercising a specified authority, the requirements shall be as stated in the Particular Conditions.The Employer undertakes not to impose further constraints on the Engineer's authority, except as agreed with the Contractor.然而，每當工程師行使某種需經雇主批準的權力時，則被認為他已從雇主處得到任何必要的批準（為合同之目的）。However, whenever the Engineer exercises a specified authority for which the Employer's approval is required, then(for the purposes of the Contract)the Employer shall be deemed to have given approval.除非合同條件中另有說明，否則： Except as otherwise stated in these Conditions:(a)當履行職責或行使合同中明確規(guī)定的或必然隱含的權力時，均認為工程師為雇主工作。whenever carrying out duties or exercising authority, specified in or implied by the Contract, the Engineer shall be deemed to act for the Employer;(b)工程師無權解除任何一方依照合同具有的任何職責、義務或責任，以及

the Engineer has no authority to relieve either Party of any duties, obligations or responsibilities under the Contract;and(c)工程師的任何批準、審查、證書、同意、審核、檢查、指示、通知、建議、請求、檢驗或類似行為（包括沒有否定），不能解除承包商依照合同應具有的任何責任，包括對其錯誤、漏項、誤差以及未能遵守合同的責任。

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any approval, check, certificate, consent, examination, inspection, instruction, notice, proposal, request, test, or similar act by the Engineer(including absence of disapproval)shall not relieve the Contractor from any responsibility he has under the Contract, including responsibility for errors, omissions, discrepancies and non-compliances.3.2 工程師的授權

3.2 Delegation by the Engineer 工程師可以隨時將他的職責和權力委托給助理，并可撤回此類委托或授權。這些助理包括現場工程師和（或）指定的對設備和（或）材料進行檢查和（或）檢驗的獨立檢查人員。此類委托、授權或撤回應是書面的并且在合同雙方接到副本之前不能生效。但是工程師不能授予其按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Drawings which may be necessary for the execution of the Works and the remedying of any defects, all in accordance with the Contract.The Contractor shall only take instructions from the Engineer, or from an assistant to whom the appropriate authority has been delegated under this Clause.If an instruction constitutes a Variation, Clause 13(Variations and Adjustments)shall apply.承包商必須遵守工程師或授權助理對有關合同的某些問題所發(fā)出的指示。只要有可能，這些指示均應是書面的。如果工程師或授權助理：

The Contractor shall comply with the instructions given by the Engineer or delegated assistant, on any matter related to the Contract.Whenever practicable, their instructions shall be given in writing.If the Engineer or a delegated assistant:(a)發(fā)出一口頭指示；(a)gives an oral instruction,(b)在發(fā)出指示后2個工作日內，從承包商（或承包商授權的他人）處接到指示的書面確認；以及

(b)receives a written confirmation of the instruction, from(or on behalf of)the Contractor, within two working days after giving the instruction, and(c)在接到確認后2個工作日內未頒發(fā)一書面拒絕和（或）指示作為回復，(c)does not reply by issuing a written rejection and/or instruction within two working days after receiving the confirmation, 則此確認構成工程師或授權助理的書面指示（視情況而定）。

then the confirmation shall constitute the written instruction of the Engineer or delegated assistant(as the case may be).3.4 工程師的撤換

3.4 Replacement of the Engineer 如果雇主準備撤換工程師，則必須在期望撤換日期42天以前向承包商發(fā)出通知說明擬替換的工程師的名稱、地址及相關經歷。如果承包商對替換人選向雇主發(fā)出了拒絕通知，并附具體的證明資料，則雇主不能撤換工程師。

If the Employer intends to replace the Engineer, the Employer shall, not less than 42 days before the intended date of replacement, give notice to the Contractor of the name, address and relevant experience of the intended replacement Engineer.The Employer shall not replace the Engineer with a person against whom the Contractor raises reasonable objection by notice to the Employer, with supporting particulars.3.5 決定

3.5 Determinations 每當合同條件要求工程師按照本款規(guī)定對某一事項作出商定或決定時，工程師應與合同雙方協商并盡力達成一致。如果未能達成一致，工程師應按照合同規(guī)定在適當考慮到所有有關情況后作出公正的決定。

Whenever these Conditions provide that the Engineer shall proceed in accordance with this Sub-Clause 3.5 to agree or determine any matter, the Engineer shall consult with each Party in an endeavour to reach agreement.If agreement is not achieved, the Engineer shall make a fair determination in accordance with the Contract, taking due regard of all relevant circumstances.工程師應將每一項協議或決定向每一方發(fā)出通知以及具體的證明資料。每一方均應遵守該協議或決定，除非和直到按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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The Engineer shall give notice to both Parties of each agreement or determination, with supporting particulars.Each Party shall give effect to each agreement or determination unless and until revised under Clause 20 [Claims, Disputes and Arbitration].4.承包商

The Contractor 4.1 承包商的一般義務

4.1 Contractor's General Obligations 承包商應按照合同的規(guī)定以及工程師的指示（在合同規(guī)定的范圍內）對工程進行設計、施工和竣工，并修補其任何缺陷。

The Contractor shall design(to the extent specified in the Contract), execute and complete the Works in accordance with the Contract and with the Engineer's instructions, and shall remedy any defects in the Works.承包商應為工程的設計、施工、竣工以及修補缺陷提供所需的臨時性或永久性的永久設備、合同中注明的承包商的文件、所有承包商的人員、貨物、消耗品以及其他物品或服務。The Contractor shall provide the Plant and Contractor's documents specified in the Contract, and all Contractor's Personnel, Goods, consumables and other things and services, whether of a temporary or permanent nature, required in and for this design, execution, completion and remedying of defects.承包商應對所有現場作業(yè)和施工方法的完備性、穩(wěn)定性和安全性負責。除合同中規(guī)定的范圍，承包商(i)應對所有承包商的文件、臨時工程和按照合同規(guī)定對每項永久設備和材料的所做的設計負責；以及(ii)但對永久工程的設計或規(guī)范不負責任。

The Contractor shall be responsible for the adequacy, stability and safety of all Site operations and of all methods of construction.Except to the extent specified in the Contract, the Contractor(i)shall be responsible for all Contractor's documents, Temporary Works, and such design of each item of Plant and Materials as is required for the item to be in accordance with the Contract, and(ii)shall not otherwise be responsible for the design or specification of the Permanent Works.在工程師的要求下，承包商應提交為實施工程擬采用的方法以及所作安排的詳細說明。在事先未通知工程師的情況下，不得對此類安排和方法進行重大修改。

The Contractor shall, whenever required by the Engineer, submit details of the arrangements and methods which the Contractor proposes to adopt for the execution of the Works.No significant alteration to these arrangements and methods shall be made without this having previously been notified to the Engineer.如果合同中明確規(guī)定由承包商設計部分永久工程，除非專用條件中另有規(guī)定，否則： If the Contract specifies that the Contractor shall design any part of the Permanent Works, then unless otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions:(a)承包商應按照合同中說明的程序向工程師提交該部分工程的承包商的文件；

(a)the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer the Contractor's documents for this part in accordance with the procedures specified in the Contract;(b)承包商的文件必須符合規(guī)范和圖紙，并使用 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Drawings for co-ordination of each Party's designs;(c)承包商應對該部分工程負責，并且該部分工程完工后應適合于合同中規(guī)定的工程的預期目的；以及

(c)the Contractor shall be responsible for this part and it shall, when the Works are completed, be fit for such purposes for which the part is intended as are specified in the Contract;and(d)在開始竣工檢驗之前，承包商應按照規(guī)范規(guī)定向工程師提交竣工文件以及操作和維修手冊，且應足夠詳細，以使雇主能夠操作、維修、拆卸、重新安裝、調整和修理該部分工程。在將此類文件和手冊提交工程師之前，依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)failure by the Contractor to extend the validity of the Performance Security as described in the preceding paragraph, in which event the Employer may claim the full amount of the Performance Security,(b)按照承包商同意或依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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The whole time of the Contractor's Representative shall be given to directing the Contractor's performance of the Contract.If the Contractor's Representative is to be temporarily absent from the Site during the execution of the Works, a suitable replacement person shall be appointed, subject to the Engineer's prior consent, and the Engineer shall be notified accordingly.承包商的代表應代表承包商按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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subcontract to be assigned to the Employer under Sub-Clause 4.5 [Assignment of Benefit of Subcontract](if or when applicable)or in the event of termination under Sub-Clause 15.2 [Termination by Employer].4.5 分包合同利益的轉讓

4.5 Assignment of Benefit of Subcontract 如果分包商的義務超過了缺陷通知期的期滿之日，且工程師在此期滿日前已指示承包商將此分包合同的利益轉讓給雇主，則承包商應按指示行事。除非另有說明，否則承包商在轉讓生效以后對分包商實施的工程對雇主不負責任。

If a Subcontractor's obligations extend beyond the expiry date of the relevant Defects Notification Period and the Engineer, prior to this date, instructs the Contractor to assign the benefit of such obligations to the Employer, then the Contractor shall do so.Unless otherwise stated in the assignment, the Contractor shall have no liability to the Employer for the work carried out by the Subcontractor after the assignment takes effect.4.6 合作

4.6 Co-operation 承包商應按照合同的規(guī)定或工程師的指示，為下述人員從事其工作提供一切適當的機會： The Contractor shall, as specified in the Contract or as instructed by the Engineer, allow appropriate opportunities for carrying out work to:(a)雇主的人員；

(a)the Employer's Personnel,(b)雇主雇用的任何其他承包商；以及

(b)any other contractors employed by the Employer, and(c)任何合法公共機構的人員，(c)the personnel of any legally constituted public authorities, 這些人員可能被雇用于現場或于現場附近從事合同中未包括的任何工作。

who may be employed in the execution on or near the Site of any work not included in the Contract.如果（并在一定程度上）此類指示使承包商增加了不可預見的費用，則構成了變更。為這些人員和其他承包商的服務包括使用承包商的設備，承包商負責的臨時工程或通行道路安排。

Any such instruction shall constitute a Variation if and to the extent that it causes the Contractor to incur Unforeseeable Cost.Services for these personnel and other contractors may include the use of Contractor's Equipment, Temporary Works or access arrangements which are the responsibility of the Contractor.如果按照合同規(guī)定，要求雇主按照承包商的文件給予承包商對任何基礎、結構、永久設備或通行手段的占用，承包商應在規(guī)范規(guī)定的時間內以其規(guī)定的方式向工程師提交此類文件。

If, under the Contract, the Employer is required to give to the Contractor possession of any foundation, structure, plant or means of access in accordance with Contractor's documents, the Contractor shall submit such documents to the Engineer in the time and manner stated in the Specification.4.7 放線

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4.7 Setting Out 承包商應根據合同中規(guī)定的或工程師通知的原始基準點、基準線和參照標高對工程進行放線。承包商應對工程各部分的正確定位負責，并且矯正工程的位置、標高或尺寸或準線中出現的任何差錯。

The Contractor shall set out the Works in relation to original points, lines and levels of reference specified in the Contract or notified by the Engineer.The Contractor shall be responsible for the correct positioning of all parts of the Works, and shall rectify any error in the positions, levels, dimensions or alignment of the Works.雇主應對此類給定的或通知的參照項目的任何差錯負責，但承包商在使用這些參照項目前應付出合理的努力去證實其準確性。

The Employer shall be responsible for any errors in these specified or notified items of reference, but the Contractor shall use reasonable efforts to verify their accuracy before they are used.如果由于這些參照項目的差錯而不可避免地對實施工程造成了延誤和（或）導致了費用，而且一個有經驗的承包商無法合理發(fā)現這種差錯并避免此類延誤和（或）費用，承包商應向工程師發(fā)出通知并有權依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(b)take care for the safety of all persons entitled to be on the Site,(c)付出合理的努力清理現場和工程不必要的障礙，以避免對這些人員造成傷害；(c)use reasonable efforts to keep the Site and Works clear of unnecessary obstruction so as to avoid danger to these persons,(d)提供工程的圍欄、照明、防護及看守，直至竣工和按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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資料進行了檢查與審核，并對所有相關事宜感到滿意，包括（但不限定）：

To the extent which was practicable(taking account of cost and time), the Contractor shall be deemed to have obtained all necessary information as to risks, contingencies and other circumstances which may influence or affect the Tender or Works.To the same extent, the Contractor shall be deemed to have inspected and examined the Site, its surroundings, the above data and other available information, and to have been satisfied before submitting the Tender as to all relevant matters, including(without limitation):(a)現場的形狀和性質，包括地表以下的條件；

(a)the form and nature of the Site, including sub-surface conditions,(b)水文及氣候條件；

(b)the hydrological and climatic conditions,(c)為實施和完成工程以及修補任何缺陷所需工作和貨物的范圍和性質；

(c)the extent and nature of the work and Goods necessary for the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of any defects,(d)工程所在國的法律、程序和雇傭勞務的習慣作法；以及(d)the Laws, procedures and labour practices of the Country, and(e)承包商要求的通行道路、食宿、設施、人員、電力、交通、水及其他服務。(e)4.11 接受的合同款額的完備性

4.11 Sufficiency of the Accepted Contract Amount 承包商應被認為：

The Contractor shall be deemed to:(a)已完全理解了接受的合同款額的合宜性和充分性，以及

(a)have satisfied himself as to the correctness and sufficiency of the Accepted Contract Amount, and(b)該接受的合同款額是基于 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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In this Sub-Clause, ”physical conditions" means natural physical conditions and man-made and other physical obstructions and pollutants, which the Contractor encounters at the Site when executing the Works, including sub-surface and hydro-logical conditions but excluding climatic conditions.如果承包商遇到了在他看來是無法預見的外界條件，則承包商應盡可能快地通知工程師。If the Contractor encounters adverse physical conditions which he considers to have been Unforeseeable, the Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer as soon as practicable.此通知應描述該外界條件以便工程師審查，并說明原因為什么承包商認為是不可預見的。承包商應繼續(xù)實施工程，采用在此外界條件下合適的以及合理的措施，并且應該遵守工程師給予的任何指示。如果此指示構成了變更，國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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However, before additional Cost is finally agreed or determined under sub-paragraph(ii), the Engineer may also review whether other physical conditions in similar parts of the Works(if any)were more favourable than could reasonably have been foreseen when the Contractor submitted the Tender.If and to the extent that these more favourable conditions were encountered, the Engineer may proceed in accordance with Sub-Clause 3.5 [Determinations] to agree or determine the reductions in Cost which were due to these conditions, which may be included(as deductions)in the Contract Price and Payment Certificates.However, the net effect of all adjustments under sub-paragraph(b)and all these reductions, for all the physical conditions encountered in similar parts of the Works, shall not result in a net reduction in the Contract Price.工程師可以考慮承包商對提交投標文件時合理預見的外界條件提交的任何證據，但不受這些證據的約束。

The Engineer may take account of any evidence of the physical conditions foreseen by the Contractor when submitting the Tender, which may be made available by the Contractor, but shall not be bound by any such evidence.4.13 道路通行權和設施

4.13 Rights of Way and Facilities 承包商應為包括進入現場在內的他所需的特殊和（或）臨時的道路通行權承擔全部費用和開支。承包商還應自擔風險和費用獲得為工程目的其自身所需的現場以外的任何附加設施。

The Contractor shall bear all costs and charges for special and/or temporary rights Facilities of-way which he may require, including those for access to the Site.The Contractor shall also obtain, at his risk and cost, any additional facilities outside the Site which he may require for the purposes of the Works.4.14 避免干擾

4.14 Avoidance of Interference 承包商不應不必要地或不適當地干擾：

The Contractor shall not interfere unnecessarily or improperly with:(a)公眾的方便；或

(a)the convenience of the public, or(b)進入和使用以及占用所有道路和人行道，不論這些道路和人行道是公共的或是在雇主或其他人的占用之下。

(b)the access to and use and occupation of all roads and footpaths, irres-pective of whether they are public or in the possession of the Employer or of others.承包商應保障并使雇主免于因上述不必要或不適當的干擾帶來的后果而遭受的損害、損失和開支（包括法律費用和開支）。The Contractor shall indemnify and hold the Employer harmless against and from all damages, losses and expenses(including legal fees and expenses)resulting from any such unnecessary or improper interference.4.15 進場路線 4.15 Access Route 承包商應被認為對他選用的進場路線的適宜性和可用性感到滿意。承包商應付出合理的努力保護這些道路或橋梁免于因為承包商的交通運輸或承包商的人員而遭受損壞。這些努力包括適當地使用合適的運輸工具和路線。

The Contractor shall be deemed to have been satisfied as to the suitability and availability of

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access routes to the Site.The Contractor shall use reasonable efforts to prevent any road or bridge from being damaged by the Contractor's traffic or by the Contractor's Personnel.These efforts shall include the proper use of appropriate vehicles and routes.除合同中另有說明者外：

Except as otherwise stated in these Conditions:(a)承包商應該（就雙方而言）負責他使用的進場路線的任何必要的維護；

(a)the Contractor shall(as between the Parties)be responsible for any maintenance which may be required for his use of access routes;(b)承包商應提供所有沿進場路線必需的標志或方向指示，并應為使用此類進場路線、標志和方向指示，取得有關部門的批準；

(b)the Contractor shall provide all necessary signs or directions along access _.routes, and shall obtain any.permission which may be required from the relevant authorities for his use of routes, signs and directions;(c)雇主不對由于任何進場路線的采用或其他原因引起的索賠負責；

(c)the Employer shall not be responsible for any claims which may arise from the use or otherwise of any access route,(d)雇主不保證任何特定的進場路線的適宜性和可用性；以及

(d)the Employer does not guarantee the suitability or availability of particular access routes, and(e)因承包商所需的使用的進場路線的不適宜性或不可用性而導致的費用，由承包商承擔。(e)Costs due to non-suitability or non-availability, for the use required by the Contractor, of access routes shall be bome by the Contractor.4.16 貨物的運輸

4.16 Transport of Goods 除非專用條件中另有說明，否則：

Unless otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions:(a)承包商應在任何永久設備或其他主要貨物運送現場日期前不少于21天，通知工程師；(a)the Contractor shall give the Engineer not less than 21 days' notice of the date on which any Plant or a major item of other Goods will be delivered to the Site;

(b)承包商應對工程所需的所有貨物和其他物品的包裝、裝載、運輸、接收、卸貨、保存和保護負責；以及

(b)the Contractor shall be responsible for packing, loading, transporting, receiving, unloading, storing and protecting all Goods, and other things required for the Works;and(c)承包商應保障并使雇主免于因為貨物運輸的損壞而遭受損害、損失和開支（包括法律費用和開支），并應協商及支付由于運輸所導致的索賠。(c)the Contractor shall indemnity and hold the Employer harmless against and from all damages, losses and expenses(including legal fees and expenses)resulting from the transport of Goods, and shall negotiate and pay all claims arising from their transport.4.17 承包商的設備

4.17 Contractor's Equipment 承包商應對所有承包商的設備負責。所有承包商的設備一經運至現場，都應視為專門用于

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該工程的實施。沒有工程師的同意，承包商不得將任何主要的承包商的設備移出現場。但負責將貨物或承包商的人員運離現場的運輸工具，不必經過同意。

The Contractor shall be responsible for all Contractor's Equipment.When brought on to the Site, Contractor's Equipment shall be deemed to be exclusively intended for the execution of the Works.The Contractor shall not remove from the Site any major items of Contractor's Equipment without the consent of the Engineer.However, consent shall not be required for vehicles transporting Goods or Contractor's Personnel off Site.4.18 環(huán)境保護

4.18 Protection of the environment 承包商應采取一切合理步驟保護現場內外的環(huán)境，并限制因其施工作業(yè)引起的污染、噪音及其他后果對公眾和財產造成的損害和妨礙。

The Contractor shall take all reasonable steps to protect the environment(both on off the Site)and to limit damage and nuisance to people and property resulting from pollution, noise and other results of his operations.承包商應保證承包商產生的散發(fā)物、地面排水及排污不能超過規(guī)范中規(guī)定的數值，也不能超過法律規(guī)定的數值。

The Contractor shall ensure that emissions, surface discharges and effluent from the Contractor's activities shall not exceed the values indicated in the Specification, and shall not exceed the values prescribed by applicable Laws.4.19 電、水、氣

4.19 Electricity, Water and Gas 除以下說明外，承包商應對其所需的所有電力、水及其他服務的供應負責。

The Contractor shall, except as stated below, be responsible for the provision of all power, water and other services he may require.為工程之目的承包商有權享用現場供應的電、水、氣及其他設施，其詳細規(guī)定和價格在規(guī)范中給出。承包商應自擔風險和自付費用，為此類設施的使用以及所消耗的數量的測定提供任何必需的儀器。

The Contractor shall be entitled to use for the purposes of the Works such supplies of electricity, water, gas and other services as may be available on the Site and of which details and prices are given in the Specification.The Contractor shall, at his risk and cost, provide any apparatus necessary for his use of these services and for measuring the quantities consumed.此類設施所消耗的數量和應支付的款額（在此價格上），應由工程師按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)the Employer shall be responsible for the Employer's Equipment, except that(b)當承包商的任何人員在操作、駕駛、指導、占有或控制雇主的設備時，承包商應對每項雇主的設備負責。

(b)the Contractor shall be responsible for each item of Employer's Equipment whilst any of the Contractor's Personnel is operating it, driving it, directing it or in possession or control of it.工程師應對使用雇主的設備的合適數量及應支付的款額（以上述指定價格）按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)設計（如有時）、承包商的文件、采購、制造、貨物運達現場、施工、安裝和調試的每一階段以及指定分包商（在 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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除非專用條件中另有規(guī)定：

Unless otherwise stated in the Particular Conditions:(a)承包商應負責阻止未獲授權的人員進入現場；以及

(a)the Contractor shall be responsible for keeping unauthorised persons off the Site, and(b)授權人員僅限于承包商的人員和雇主的人員，以及雇主的其他承包商在現場的授權人員并由雇主或工程師通知了承包商的任何其他人員。

(b)authorised persons shall be limited to the Contractor's Personnel and the Employer's Personnel;and to any other personnel notified to the Contractor, by the Employer or the Engineer, as authorised personnel of the Employer's other contractors on the Site.4.23 承包商的現場工作

4.23 Contractor's Operations on Site 承包商應將其工作限制在現場以及承包商可能得到并獲得工程師同意作為工作區(qū)的任何附加區(qū)域。承包商應采取一切必要的預防措施以保證他的人員與設備處在現場及此類附加區(qū)域之內，并避免他們進入鄰地。

The Contractor shall confine his operations to the Site, and to any additional areas which may be obtained by the Contractor and agreed by the Engineer as working areas.The Contractor shall take all necessary precautions to keep Contractor’s Equipment and Contractor’s Personnel within the Site and these additional areas, and to keep them off adjacent land.在工程實施期間，承包商應使現場避免出現一切不必要的障礙物，存放并妥善處置承包商的任何設備或剩余材料。承包商應從現場清除并運走任何殘物、垃圾或不再需要的臨時工程。

During the execution of the Works, the Contractor shall keep the Site free from all unnecessary obstruction, and shall store or dispose of any Contractor's Equipment or surplus materials.The Contractor shall clear away and remove from the Site any wreckage, rubbish and Temporary Works which are no longer required.在頒發(fā)接收證書后，承包商應立即從該接收證書涉及的那部分現場和工程中清除并運走承包商的所有設備、剩余材料、殘物、垃圾和臨時工程。承包商應保持該部分現場和工程處于清潔和安全狀況。但是，承包商可以在現場保留在缺陷通知期間內為履行合同中規(guī)定的義務所需的貨物。

Upon the issue of a Taking-Over Certificate, the Contractor shall clear away and remove, from that part of the Site and Works to which the Taking-Over Certificate refers, all Contractor's Equipment, surplus material, wreckage, rubbish and Temporary Works.The Contractor shall leave that part of the Site and the Works in a clean and safe condition.However, the Contractor may retain on Site, during the Defects Notification Period, such Goods as are required for the Contractor to fulfil obligations under the Contract.4.24 化石 4.24 Fossils 在工程現場發(fā)現的所有化石、硬幣、有價值的物品或文物、建筑結構以及其他具有地質或考古價值的遺跡或物品應處于雇主的看管和權力之下。承包商應采取合理的預防措施防止承包商的人員或其他人員移動或損壞這些發(fā)現物。

All fossils, coins, articles of value or antiquity, and structures and other remains or items of geological or archaeological interest found on the Site shall be placed under the care and authority of the Employer.The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to prevent Contractor's Personnel or other persons from removing or damaging any of these findings.國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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一旦發(fā)現此類物品，承包商應立即通知工程師，工程師可發(fā)出關于處理上述物品的指示。如果承包商由于遵守該指示而引起延誤和(/或)招致了費用，則應進一步通知工程師并有權依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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疏忽或對貨物的錯誤操作的責任；或

(b)the subcontract does not specify that the nominated Subcontractor shall indemnify the Contractor against and from any negligence or misuse of Goods by the nominated Subcontractor, his agents and employees;or(c)分包合同未規(guī)定指定分包商對所分包工程（包括設計，如有時），應該：

(c)the subcontract does not specify that, for the subcontracted work(including design, if any), the nominated Subcontractor shall:(i)向承包商承擔該項義務和責任以使承包商可以依照合同免除他的義務和責任，以及(i)undertake to the Contractor such obligations and liabilities as will enable the Contractor to discharge his obligations and liabilities under the Contract, and(ii)保障承包商免于按照合同或與合同有關的以及由于分包商未能履行這些義務或完成這些責任而導致的后果所具有的所有義務和責任。

(ii)indemnify the Contractor against and from all obligations and liabilities arising under or in connection with the Contract and from the consequences of any failure by the Subcontractor to perform these obligations or to fulfill these liabilities.5.3 對指定分包商的支付

5.3 Payments to nominated Subcontractors 承包商應向指定分包商支付工程師證實的依據分包合同應支付的款額。該項款額加上其他費用應按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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當地扣除保留金）并且承包商不能按照上述(a)、(b)段所述提供證據的那一項款額。承包商應向雇主償還這筆由雇主直接支付給指定分包商的款額。

then the Employer may(at his sole discretion)pay, direct to the nominated Subcontractor, part or all of such amounts previously certified(less applicable deductions)as are due to the nominated Subcontractor and for which the Contractor has failed to submit the evidence described in sub-paragraphs(a)or(b)above.The Contractor shall then repay, to the Employer, the amount which the nominated Subcontractor was directly paid by the Employer.6.職員和勞工

Staff and Labour 6.1 職員和勞工的雇用

6.1 Engagement of Staff and Labour 除非規(guī)范中另有規(guī)定，承包商應安排從當地或其他地方雇用所有的職員和勞工，并負責他們的報酬、住房、膳食和交通。

Except as otherwise stated in the Specification, the Contractor shall make arrangements for the engagement of all staff and labour, local or otherwise, and for their payment, housing, feeding and transport.6.2 工資標準和勞動條件

6.2 Rates of Wages and Conditions of Labour 承包商所付的工資標準及遵守的勞動條件應不低于其從事工作的地區(qū)同類工商業(yè)現行的標準和條件。如果沒有現成的標準或條件可適用，承包商所付的工資標準及遵守的勞動條件應不低于從事類似于此承包商工作的當地工商業(yè)雇主所付的一般工資標準及遵守的勞動條件。

The Contractor shall pay rates of wages, and observe conditions of labour, which are not lower than those established for the trade or industry where the work is carried out.If no established rates or conditions are applicable, the Contractor shall pay rates of wages and observe conditions which are not lower than the general level of wages and conditions observed locally by employers whose trade or industry is similar to that of the Contractor.6.3 為他人提供服務的人員

6.3 Persons in the Service of Employer 承包商不應從雇主的人員中招收或試圖招收職員或勞工。

The Contractor shall not recruit, or attempt to recruit, staff and labour from amongst the Employer's Personnel.6.4 勞動法

6.4 Labour Laws 承包商應遵守所有適用于承包商的人員的相關的勞動法，包括有關此類人員的雇用、健康、安全、福利、入境和出境的法律，并保障他們享有法律規(guī)定的所有權利。

The Contractor shall comply with all the relevant labour Laws applicable to the Contractor's Personnel, including Laws relating to their employment, health, safety, welfare, immigration and emigration, and shall allow them all their legal rights.承包商應要求他的雇員遵守所有適用的法律，包括與安全工作有關的法律。

The Contractor shall require his employees to obey all applicable Laws, including those concerning safety at work.6.5 工作時間

6.5 Working hours

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在當地公認的休息日，或在投標函附錄中規(guī)定的正常工作時間以外，不得在現場進行任何工作，除非：

No work shall be carried out on the Site on locally recognized days of rest, or outside the normal working hours stated in the Appendix to Tender, unless:(a)合同另有規(guī)定，(a)otherwise stated in the Contract,(b)工程師同意，或

(b)the Engineer gives consent, or(c)為了搶救生命或財產，或為了工程的安全，該工作是無法避免的或必須進行的，在此情況下，承包商應立即通知工程師。

(c)the work is unavoidable, or necessary for the protection of life or property or for the safety of the Works, in which case the Contractor shall immediately 6.6 為職員和勞工提供的設施

6.6 Facilities for Staff and Labour 除非規(guī)范中另有規(guī)定，承包商應為其人員提供并維護所有必須的膳宿及福利設施。承包商還應為雇主的人員提供規(guī)范中規(guī)定的設施。

Except as otherwise stated in the Specification, the Contractor shall provide and maintain all necessary accommodation and welfare facilities for the Contractor's Personnel.The Contractor shall also provide facilities for the Employer's Personnel as stated in the Specification.承包商不得允許任何承包商的人員在構成永久工程部分的構筑物內保留任何臨時或永久的居住場所。

The Contractor shall 1 dot permit any of the Contractor's Personnel to maintain any temporary or permanent living quarters within the structures forming part of the Permanent Works.6.7 健康和安全

6.7 Health and Safety 承包商應采取合理的預防措施以維護其人員的健康和安全。承包商應與當地衛(wèi)生部門合作，自始至終在現場以及承包商和雇主的人員住地確保配備醫(yī)務人員、急救設施、病房以及救護服務，并應作出適當安排提供所有必要的福利和衛(wèi)生條件，并防止傳染病的發(fā)生。The Contractor shall at all times take all reasonable precautions to maintain the health and safety of the Contractor's Personnel.In collaboration with local health authorities, the Contractor shall ensure that medical staff, first aid facilities, sick bay and ambulance service are available at all times at the Site and at any accommodation for Contractor's and Employer's Personnel, and that suitable arrangements are made for all necessary welfare and hygiene requirements and for the prevention of epidemics.承包商應在現場指派一名事故預防官員負責維持安全并防止事故發(fā)生。該人員應能勝任此責任，并有權發(fā)布指示及采取預防事故發(fā)生的保護措施。在工程的整個實施過程中，承包商應提供該人員為執(zhí)行職責和權力所必需的任何物品。

The Contractor shall appoint an accident prevention officer at the Site, responsible for maintaining safety and protection against accidents.This person shall be qualified for this responsibility, and shall have the authority to issue instructions and take protective measures to prevent accidents.Throughout the execution of the Works, the Contractor shall provide whatever is required by this person to exercise this responsibility and authority.一旦發(fā)生事故，承包商應及時向工程師通報事故詳情。承包商應按工程師的合理要求，保

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持有關人員的健康、安全和福利以及財產損壞的記錄并寫出報告。

The Contractor shall send, to the Engineer, details of any accident as soon as practicable after its occurrence.The Contractor shall maintain records and make reports concerning health, safety and welfare of persons, and damage to property, as the Engineer may reasonably require.6.8 承包商的監(jiān)督

6.8 Contractor's Superintendence 只要工程師合理認為為履行承包商的義務必需時，承包商應在工程的整個實施過程中以及此后為完成承包商義務必需的期間內，提供一切對計劃、安排、指示、管理、檢查和檢驗工程必要的監(jiān)督。

Throughout the execution of the Works, and as long thereafter as is necessary to fulfill the Contractor’s Obligations, the Contractor shall provide all necessary superintendence to plan.arrange, direct, manage, inspect and test the work.此類監(jiān)督應由足夠的人員執(zhí)行，他們應能流利地使用日常交流語言（國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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承包商應向工程師提交記錄詳細說明現場各等級的承包商的人員及各類承包商的設備的數量。該記錄工程師批準的格式在每個日歷月提交，直至承包商完成了在工程接收證書中注明的竣工日期時尚未完成的所有工程。

The Contractor shall submit, to the Engineer, details showing the number of each class of Contractor's Personnel and of each type of Contractor's Equipment on the Site.Details shall be submitted each calendar month, in a form approved by the Engineer, until the Contractor has completed all work which is known to be outstanding at the completion date stated in the Taking-Over Certificate for the Works.6.11 妨礙治安的行為 6.11 Disorderly Conduct 承包商應始終采取各種合理的預防措施，以防止其人員發(fā)生任何非法的、制造事端以及妨礙治安的行為，并保持其人員安定，以及保證現場及鄰近地區(qū)人員和財產的安全。The Contractor shall at all times take all reasonable precautions to prevent any unlawful, riotous or disorderly conduct by or amongst the Contractor's Personnel, and to preserve peace and protection of persons and property on and near the Site.7.永久設備、材料和工藝

7.Plant Materials and Workmanship 7.1 實施方式

7.1 Manner of Execution 承包商應進行永久設備的制造、材料的制造和生產，并實施所有其他工程：

The Contractor shall cant' out the manufacture of Plant, the production and manufacture of Materials, and all other execution of the Works:(a)以合同中規(guī)定的方法（如有時），(a)in the manner(if any)specified in the Contract,(b)按照公認的良好慣例，以恰當、熟練和謹慎的方式，(b)in a proper workmanlike and careful manner, in accordance with recognised good practice, and(c)使用適當裝備的設施以及安全材料，除非合同中另有規(guī)定。

(c)with properly equipped facilities and non-hazardous Materials, except as otherwise specified in the Contract.7.2 樣本 7.2 Samples 承包商應向工程師提交以下材料的樣本以及有關資料，以在工程中或為工程使用該材料之前獲得同意：

The Contractor shall submit the following samples of Materials, and relevant information, to the Engineer for consent prior to using the Materials in or for the works:(a)制造商的材料標準樣本和合同中規(guī)定的樣本均由承包商自費提供，以及

(a)manufacturer's standard samples of Materials and samples specified in the Contract, all at the Contractor's cost, and(b)工程師指示作為變更增加的樣本。

(b)additional samples instructed by the Engineer as a Variation.國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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每件樣本都應標明其原產地以及在工程中的預期使用部位。Each sample shall be labeled as to origin and intended use in the Works.7.3 檢查

7.3 Inspection 雇主的人員在一切合理的時間內：

The Employer’s Personnel shall at all reasonnable times

(a)應完全能進入現場及進入獲得自然材料的所有場所，以及

(a)have full access to all parts of the Site and to all places from which natural Materials are being obtained, and(b)有權在生產、制造和施工期間（在現場或其他地方）對材料和工藝進行審核、檢查、測量與檢驗，并對永久設備的制造進度和材料的生產及制造進度進行審查。

(b)during production.manufacture and construction(at the Site and elsewhere), be entitled to examine, inspect, measure and test the materials and workmanship, and to check the progress of manufacture of Plant and production and manufacture of Materials.承包商應向雇主的人員提供一切機會執(zhí)行該任務，包括提供通道、設施、許可及安全裝備。但此類活動并不解除承包商的任何義務和責任。

The Contractor shall give the Employer's Personnel full opportunity to carry out these activities,.including providing access, facilities, permissions and safety equipment.No such activity shall relieve the Contractor from any obligation or responsibility.在覆蓋、掩蔽或包裝以備儲運或運輸之前，無論何時，當此類工作已準備就緒，承包商應及時通知工程師。工程師應隨即進行審核、檢查、測量或檢驗，不得無故拖延，或立即通知承包商無需進行上述工作。如果承包商未發(fā)出此類通知而工程師要求時，他應打開這部分工程并隨后自費恢復原狀，使之完好。

The Contractor shall give notice to the Engineer whenever any work is ready and before it is covered up, put out of sight, or packaged for storage or transport.The Engineer shall then either carry out the examination, inspection, measurement or testing without unreasonable delay, or promptly give notice to the Contractor that the Engineer does not require to do so.If the Contractor fails to give the notice, he shall, if and when required by the Engineer, uncover the work and thereafter reinstate and make good, all at the Contractor's cost.7.4 檢驗 7.4 Testing 本款適用于所有合同中規(guī)定的檢驗，竣工后的檢驗（如有時）除外。

This Sub-Clause shall apply to all tests specified in the Contract, other than the Tests after Completion(if any).承包商應提供所有為有效進行檢驗所需的裝置、協助、文件和其他資料、電、燃料、消耗品、儀器、勞工、材料與適當的有經驗的合格職員。承包商應與工程師商定對任何永久設備、材料和工程其他部分進行規(guī)定檢驗的時間和地點。

The Contractor shall provide all apparatus, assistance, documents and other information, electricity, equipment, fuel, consumables, instruments, labour, materials, and suitably qualified and experienced staff, as are necessary to carry out the specified tests efficiently.The Contractor shall agree, with the Engineer, the time and place for the specified testing of any Plant, Materials and other parts of the Works.工程師可以按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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包商進行附加檢驗。如果此變更或附加檢驗證明被檢驗的永久設備、材料或工藝不符合合同規(guī)定，則此變更費用由承包商承擔，不論合同中是否有其他規(guī)定。

The Engineer may, under Clause 13 [Variations and Adjustments], vary the location or details of specified tests, or instruct the Contractor to carry out additional tests.If these varied or additional tests show that the tested Plant, Materials or workmanship is not in accordance with the Contract, the cost of carrying out this Variation shall be borne by the Contractor, notwithstanding other provisions of the Contract.工程師應提前至少24小時將其參加檢驗的意圖通知承包商。如果工程師未在商定的時間和地點參加檢驗，除非工程師另有指示，承包商可著手進行檢驗，并且此檢驗應被視為是在工程師在場的情況下進行的。

The Engineer shall give the Contractor not less than 24 hours' notice of the Engineer's intention to attend the tests.If the Engineer does not attend at the time and place agreed, the Contractor may proceed with the tests, unless otherwise instructed by the Engineer, and the tests shall then be deemed to have been made in the Engineer's presence.如果由于遵守工程師的指示或因雇主的延誤而使承包商遭受了延誤和(/或)導致了費用，則承包商應通知工程師并有權依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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Engineer may reject the Plant, Materials or workmanship by giving notice to the Contractor, with reasons.The Contractor shall then promptly make good the defect and ensure that the rejected item complies with the Contract.若工程師要求對此永久設備、材料或工藝再度進行檢驗，則檢驗應按相同條款和條件重新進行。如果此類拒收和再度檢驗致使雇主產生了附加費用，則承包商應按照 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(a)when it is delivered to the Site;(b)當依據 國際咨詢工程師聯合會

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(b)completing all work which is stated in the Contract as being required for the Works or Section to be considered to be completed for the purposes of taking over under Sub-Clause 10.1 [Taking Over of the Works and Sections].8.3 進度計劃 8.3 Programme 在按照