第一篇：大英3段落翻譯范圍

1、吸煙之危害，可謂大矣，其嚴(yán)重性是不能低估的。吸煙污染空氣，損害健康，使肺癌發(fā)病率大大增加。為了使各國(guó)人民關(guān)注煙草的盛行及預(yù)防吸煙導(dǎo)致的疾病和死亡，世界衛(wèi)生組織已將每年的5月31日定為“世界無(wú)煙日”。癮君子們說，一天不吃飯可以，一個(gè)時(shí)辰不抽煙就難捱了，不能戒。只要真正意識(shí)到吸煙有百害而無(wú)一利，于人于己都是一種禍害，就有可能下決心擺脫煙草的誘惑。戒煙貴在堅(jiān)持，堅(jiān)持下去就是收獲。

Smoking does great harm to human and its gravity should not be underestimated.Smoking pollutes air, damages health, and increases the incidence of lung cancer.To arouse the awareness about the prevalence of tobacco in all the countries and to prevent smoking-induced diseases and deaths, the WHO(World Health Organization)has defined May 31st in every year as World No-Tobacco Day.The tobacco addicts say that smoking is impossible to quit because they could do without meals in a day but would feel tortured without tobacco in two hours.However, when one realizes that smoking is harmful in many ways but beneficial in no way and that it is a curse to others as well as to he himself, he will be determined to resist the temptation of tobacco.To quit smoking requires persistence and so long as one persists, he’ll be rewarded.2、假日經(jīng)濟(jì)的現(xiàn)象表明：中國(guó)消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者的消費(fèi)需求正在從基本生活必需品轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)π蓍e、舒適和個(gè)人發(fā)展的需求。同時(shí)，中國(guó)人的消費(fèi)觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟(jì)中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)做相應(yīng)調(diào)整，來適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務(wù)質(zhì)量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質(zhì)量的要求。

The phenomenon of holiday economy shows that Chinese people’s consumption concept is undertaking great changes.According to statistics, the demands of Chinese consumers are shifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personal development.Meanwhile, Chinese consumption concepts are getting mature along with the thriving holiday economy.Therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordingly to adapt to social development.On the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy people’s demand for an improved quality of life.3、越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時(shí)，也要通曉中文的重要性。中國(guó)的崛起，讓他們充分認(rèn)識(shí)到孩子掌握雙語(yǔ)的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。這些人對(duì)中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變。曾幾何時(shí)，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文。現(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習(xí)中文和中國(guó)文化，而且還不時(shí)走訪中國(guó)，欣賞壯觀的自然風(fēng)光，認(rèn)識(shí)豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese.China’s rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun to

give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.4、在中國(guó)，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶不僅有實(shí)用價(jià)值，它們本身也是供人觀賞的藝術(shù)品，并逐步成為收藏品。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。在當(dāng)今時(shí)代，使用筆、墨、紙、硯進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)、寫作的人越來越少了，但是，在中國(guó)的書法、繪畫、收藏以及修身養(yǎng)性活動(dòng)中，它們?nèi)云鹬豢商娲淖饔谩?/p>

In China, “four treasures of the study” refers to “writing brush”, “ink stick”, “paper” and “ink slab”, playing an important role in passing on Chinese civilization.They not only have their value of practical use, but also become the works of art for appreciation and collection.There is a large variety of these four treasures.Selecting of materials and making process have become increasingly delicate and perfect.Each dynasty of Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appear and works produced, which is a profound process of cultural accumulation.In contemporary times, “four treasures of the study” have been increasingly rarely used for study or writing, but they are still playing an irreplaceable role in the field of Chinese calligraphy, painting, collection and in the activities of cultivating one’s mind.5、和諧源自人的內(nèi)心。健康的人格，良好的心態(tài)，既關(guān)乎個(gè)人的身心和諧，也關(guān)乎社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定。一個(gè)內(nèi)心失調(diào)、失衡的人，一個(gè)心中充溢著焦躁、郁悶甚至仇恨的人，往往會(huì)同自己過不去，還會(huì)同周圍環(huán)境過不去，人生是無(wú)法和諧得起來的。心平才能氣和，內(nèi)和才能外順。我們要以平和之心思考問題，多一點(diǎn)理性、少一點(diǎn)感性，多一點(diǎn)睿智、少一點(diǎn)混沌，多一點(diǎn)冷靜、少一點(diǎn)浮躁，多一點(diǎn)淡然、少一點(diǎn)癡迷，多一點(diǎn)大度、少一點(diǎn)偏執(zhí)。

Harmony is derived from the inner heart of people.Wholesome personality and sound mentality are concerned not only with the harmony of individual’s mind and body, but also with the social harmony and stability.A mentally disturbed and imbalanced person infatuated with anxiety, oppression or even hatred tends to make things difficult for himself and also finds it difficult to get along with his surroundings, it is impossible to have harmony in his life.Only a calm mind can ensure an even temper;and only the inner harmony can make one get along smoothly.Therefore, we should think with a calm mind, with more rationality and less sensitivity, more wit and less confusion, more calmness and less fickleness, more indifference and less obsession, more generosity and less prejudice.

第二篇：大英4翻譯

U1A1、隨著職務(wù)的提升，他擔(dān)負(fù)的責(zé)任也更大了。(take on)With his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.2、他感到?jīng)]有必要再一次對(duì)約翰承擔(dān)這樣的責(zé)任了。(make a commitment)He felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.3、閑暇時(shí)瑪麗喜歡外出購(gòu)物，與她相反，露茜卻喜歡待在家里看書。(as opposed to)Mary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading.4、說得好聽一些，可以說他有抱負(fù)，用最糟糕的話來說，他是一個(gè)沒有良心(conscience)且沒有資格的權(quán)力追求者。(at best, at worst)

At best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.5、我們已盡全力想說服他，但是卻毫無(wú)進(jìn)展。(strive, make no headway)

We have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.U2A

1.憲法規(guī)定公民享有言論自由。(provide for)

The Constitution provides for citizen’s freedom of speech.2.我們?cè)谌绾勿B(yǎng)育孩子的問題上有截然不同的看法，因此常發(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵。(grow out of;bring up)Our constant quarrels grew out of the diverse ideas on how to bring up children.3.我們?cè)缭跁?huì)閱讀之前就已經(jīng)掌握了一些詞匯。(long before)

We have learned some words long before we can read.4..很多中國(guó)家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為孩子越早上學(xué)越好。(the more...the more)

Many Chinese parents think that the earlier children go to school, the better.5.新稅法不是要懲罰富人，而是要給窮人以公平和機(jī)會(huì)。(rather)The new tax law is not to punish the rich.Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor.U3A

1)你應(yīng)該及時(shí)掐掉凋謝的花朵。(pluck off)

You should pluck off the dead fl owers in time.2)我認(rèn)為你所說的實(shí)在算不上一個(gè)答案。(qualify as)

I don’t think what you said really qualifi es as an answer.3)我們的喊聲在寂靜的大街上回蕩。(echo)Our shouts echoed through the silent streets.4)毫無(wú)疑問，他的成績(jī)提高了，他又重新燃起了對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣。(revive)There is no doubt that his grades have improved and his interest in learning has revived.5)史密斯夫婦已經(jīng)向離婚法院正式申請(qǐng)離婚。(file for)

The Smiths have fi led for divorce in the divorce court.U4A

1.我爺爺雖然70歲了，但他的愛好廣泛，從下國(guó)際象棋到爬山，多種多樣。(range from...to)My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.2.真奇怪，湯姆的奶奶都80歲了還玩玩具娃娃。(surprisingly)

Surprisingly, Tom’s grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80.3.他大公無(wú)私的精神和天賦使他適合擔(dān)當(dāng)大多數(shù)學(xué)生夢(mèng)想得到的那項(xiàng)工作。(qualify for)His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get.4.你如何解釋他的那個(gè)怪夢(mèng)？(interpretation)

What interpretation would you put on his odd / strange dream?

5.我們老板剛買的新轎車一小時(shí)能行駛200公里。(be capable of)The brand-new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.U5A

1.產(chǎn)品廣告中的說明必須符合產(chǎn)品的實(shí)際質(zhì)量。(conform to)

The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform to its actual quality.2.新的見解有望為我們探索應(yīng)對(duì)這種情況的新方法鋪平道路。(pave the way for)New insights will hopefully pave the way for us to explore new ways of treating this condition.3.諺語(yǔ)來源于生活，是一個(gè)民族的語(yǔ)言和文化的濃縮和體現(xiàn)。(derive from)Proverbs, which derive from life, are the condensation and embodiment of the language and culture of a nation.4.這段情感關(guān)系一直困擾著她，而且不見盡頭。(haunt)

The emotional relationship has been haunting her with no end in sight.5.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)，很難判定這件獨(dú)特商品的合適價(jià)格。(discern)

Admittedly, the right price for this unique commodity is hard to discern.U6A

1.她將她的少年時(shí)代描繪成一個(gè)幻想和發(fā)現(xiàn)的時(shí)期。(portray...as)She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.2.試驗(yàn)表明，不抽煙的人比抽煙的人犯的錯(cuò)誤要少。(fewer...than)

Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers.3.足球迷經(jīng)常受到人們的重視，不是因?yàn)樗麄冏陨淼某晒Γ且驗(yàn)樗麄冎С值那蜿?duì)獲得了勝 利。

(not...but)Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.4.盡管演員的演技高超，這部長(zhǎng)達(dá)3個(gè)小時(shí)的電影還是未能吸引住我們。(despite)

Despite the actors’ wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.5.王教授是我能唯一指望救我兒子的大夫。(rely on)

Professor Wang is the only doctor I can rely on to save my son.

第三篇：段落翻譯

漢譯英：

蚯蚓是一種有益的動(dòng)物。在地面上它是其他動(dòng)物的食物。在地下，它為田野和花園制造肥沃的土壤。

蚯蚓能挖洞，而洞穴能使土壤疏松，因而使空氣和水更容易達(dá)到植物的根部。這些洞穴還有利于土壤的排水。

蚯蚓把枯萎的樹葉、草和花瓣拖進(jìn)洞穴中。當(dāng)這些植物垃圾腐爛后，就使土壤肥沃。

蚯蚓對(duì)制造優(yōu)良的的表層土壤所起的作用是其它任何動(dòng)物都比不上的。據(jù)估計(jì)，五萬(wàn)條蚯蚓一年內(nèi)能在一英畝的土地上制造大約十八噸優(yōu)良土壤。

The earthworm is a useful animal.On the ground it is food for other animals.Under the ground, it makes rich soil for fields and gardens.Earthworms dig tunnels that loosen the soil and make it for air and water to reach the roots of plants.These tunnels help keep the soil well drained.Earthworms drag withered leaves, grass and flowers into their burrows.When this plant litter decays, it makes the soil more fertile.No other animal is so useful in building up good topsoil.It is estimated that in one year fifty thousand earthworms carry about eighteen tons of the fine soil to the surface of an acre of land.我深深愛著的祖國(guó)――古老而又年輕。說她古老，她是一個(gè)有著數(shù)千年文明史的東方大國(guó)。中華民族以自己的勤勞和智慧，創(chuàng)造了燦爛的古代文明，對(duì)人類發(fā)展作出過重大貢獻(xiàn)。說她年輕，新中國(guó)成立才60年，改革開放才30年。中國(guó)人民經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)期不懈的斗爭(zhēng)建立了新中國(guó)，又經(jīng)過艱苦的探索，終于找到了適合國(guó)情的發(fā)展道路――中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路，文明古國(guó)煥發(fā)了青春活力。

My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years.With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation created a splendid civilization and made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the country began reform and opening-up only 30 years ago.The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through painstaking efforts.This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.中華傳統(tǒng)文化底蘊(yùn)深厚、博大精深。“和”在中國(guó)古代歷史上被奉為最高價(jià)值，是中華文化的精髓。中國(guó)古老的經(jīng)典――《尚書》就提出“百姓昭明，協(xié)和萬(wàn)邦”的理想，主張人民和睦相處，國(guó)家友好往來。“和為貴”的文化傳統(tǒng)，哺育了中華民族寬廣博大的胸懷。我們的民族，既能像大地承載萬(wàn)物一樣，寬厚包容；又能像蒼天剛健運(yùn)行一樣，彰顯正義。

The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound.Harmony, the supreme value cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the Chinese culture.The Book of History, an ancient classic in China for example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations.The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious.This has nurtured the broad mind of the Chinese nation.The Chinese nation is generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things.She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal movement of the Universe.很高興出席世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇2009年年會(huì)，并發(fā)表特別致辭。首先，我要感謝施瓦布主席的盛情邀請(qǐng)和周到安排。本屆年會(huì)意義特殊，在歷史罕見的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)之中，各國(guó)政要、企業(yè)家和專家學(xué)者聚集在這里，圍繞“重塑危機(jī)后的世界”這一主題，共同探討維護(hù)國(guó)際金融穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的舉措，探索全球綜合治理之道，既有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，也體現(xiàn)了會(huì)議舉辦者的遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)。各方面熱切期盼從這里聽到富有智慧的聲音，凝聚戰(zhàn)勝危機(jī)的力量。我們有責(zé)任向世界傳遞信心、勇氣和希望。我預(yù)祝本屆年會(huì)取得成功！

I am delighted to be here and address the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2009.Let me begin by thanking Chairman Schwab for his kind invitation and thoughtful arrangements.This annual meeting has a special significance.Amidst a global financial crisis rarely seen in history, it brings together government leaders, business people, experts and scholars of different countries to jointly explore ways to maintain international financial stability, promote world economic growth and better address global issues.Its theme ? “Shaping the Post-Crisis World” is highly relevant.It reflects the vision of its organizers.People from across the world are eager to hear words of wisdom from here that will give them strength to tide over the crisis.It is thus our responsibility to send to the world a message of confidence, courage and hope.I look forward to a successful meeting.青島坐落在山東半島南部，依山臨海，天姿秀美，氣候涼爽，人稱“東方瑞士”。白天青島宛如鑲嵌在黃海邊的綠寶石。夜里則像一只在大海中擺動(dòng)的搖籃。難怪許多人樂意來這里療養(yǎng)。

Qingdao, known as the “Switzerland of the Orient”, is situated on the southern tip of Shandong Peninsula.Wedged between hills and waters, the city is endowed with a beautiful scenery and a delightful climate.By day, she looks like a green gem inlaid in the coastline of the Yellow Sea and, at night, a cradle rocking upon the sea waves.No wonder so many people come to seek rest and relaxation.作為中國(guó)最早的教育中心和科學(xué)研究中心，北京大學(xué)聚集了中國(guó)優(yōu)秀的專家學(xué)者，不斷開拓創(chuàng)新，改造發(fā)展，以培養(yǎng)出的高質(zhì)量人才和做出的高水平科學(xué)成果深刻影響和推動(dòng)著中國(guó)高等教育的航程。一百年來，北京大學(xué)為代表的中國(guó)現(xiàn)代大學(xué)群，在中國(guó)走向現(xiàn)代化的歷史進(jìn)程中起到了重要的先鋒作用，形成了光榮的革命傳統(tǒng)和優(yōu)良的學(xué)術(shù)傳統(tǒng)。

As China’s earliest center of education and scientific research, Beijing University has gathered China’s most brilliant specialists and scholars, continuously opened up, blazed new trails, engaged itself in reform and development for training high-quality talent and achieving high-level scientific fruits that deeply influenced and advanced the range of China’s higher education.Over the past hundred years, this group of China’s contemporary universities, with Beijing University as its stellar representative, has played a pioneering role in China’s historical course towards modernization, forming a glorious revolutionary as well as an exemplary academic tradition.周恩來的品德、人格、風(fēng)范、情懷為中華民族樹立了一座精神豐碑。他那種勤勤懇懇、任勞任怨、全心全意為人民服務(wù)的奉獻(xiàn)精神；那種艱苦樸素、嚴(yán)于律己、心底無(wú)私、一心為公的清廉精神；那種顧全大局，不計(jì)個(gè)人榮辱得失的犧牲精神；那種實(shí)事求是的求實(shí)精神；那種言行一致的磊落精神,新手卡；那種對(duì)黨對(duì)國(guó)家和人民的高度責(zé)任感，工作一絲不茍，周密細(xì)致的精神，正是我們今天建設(shè)社會(huì)主義精神文明所迫切需要發(fā)揚(yáng)光大的。

Zhou Enlai’s moral character, personality, style and noble sentiments constituted a paragon for the Chinese nation.His dedication as shown in his diligent, conscientious and hard working and whole-hearted service to the people, without any complaint;his incorruptibility as shown in his plain living, being strict with himself, selflessness and engrossment by public interest;his spirit of sacrifice as shown in his never being concerned about personal honor or disgrace, gain or loss in deference to the interests of the overall situation;his realistic approach of seeking truth from facts;his open and upright spirit of being as good as his words;his high sense of responsibility to the Party, the state and the people;his strict and careful spirit of working conscientiously and meticulously are all that we need urgently to carry forward in fostering our socialist spiritual civilization.A Paradise of the Birds Ba Jin

After we finished dinner at Chen’s little school, the heat of the day had already diminished.The sun retreated behind the hills, leaving brightly colored clouds hanging in the sky, over the hills and trees.“Let’s go boating!” Chen proposed, as we watched the mountain view by the pond in front of the school gate.“Great,” the rest of the group answered enthusiastically.We walked through a gravel path, and before long we reached the bank, where a pavilion stood made of straw.Filing through the pavilion, we found several small boats anchored under two big trees along the bank.One after another, we hopped into one of the boats.One friend loosened the rope, pushed the bamboo pole against the bank, which moved the boat to the center of the river.Three friends were rowing;Ye and I were sitting in the middle, enjoying ourselves in the scenery surrounding us.In the distance a pagoda was erected on the top of a hill, surrounded by many green trees.It was rare to see such a pagoda, and over there it was the hometown of my friend Ye.The river was wide, the water glistening without a ripple.The boat was steadily floating on the water, the three oars pulling in rhythm.Then the river narrowed at a certain point.Clusters of leaves stretched out touching the water’s surface.The leaves were in a lovely green color.There seemed to be many lush banyan trees, but I couldn’t make out where the main trunks of the trees were.My friends immediately corrected me as I referred to them as being many banyan trees.One of them said it was only one banyan, and another said there were two.I had seen many enormous banyans before, but it was the first time I saw such a gigantic one.As the boat drew nearer to the banyan, I finally got a good look at it.This was a huge tree, with countless branches, on which grew aerial prop roots.Many of the roots were dangling to the ground, some all the way into the soil.There were branches hanging above the water.Seen from a distance, the tree seemed to be reposed on the water.It was in the lush season(the tree bearing little fruits, many of which had fallen.)The banyan seemed to showcase its vibrant life energy to us.There were many leaves, clusters over clusters, with not even a tiny hole existing.The emerald green shining brightly in front of our eyes, it was like on each leaf there was a new life dancing.What a tree it is growing in the beautiful southern part of China!

The boat was moored under the tree for a moment, but we didn’t get onto the bank because it was so wet.A friend said it was known as the ‘paradise of the birds’ here.The local peasants forbade anyone to catch these birds.I thought I had heard some sounds of flapping wings, but by the time I shifted my eyes to that direction, I didn’t see any birds.There were many roots sticking out on the ground, looking like stakes.The soil was wet, perhaps for the tides frequently washed onto the shore.There were no birds in the “paradise of the birds,” I thought.The boat moved again, as a friend pushed the boat, and it drifted to the center of the river.Along the path in the crop fields on the shore there were some litchi trees, with clusters of the red weighty fruits hiding among the leaves.Our boat was heading towards there.A friend pulled the boat into a ditch with an oar.We moored the boat at the path, and jumped onto the bank.Two friends swiftly climbed up the trees, throwing down several clusters of litchis with leaves.Chen, Ye and I were down below catching them.After they came down, we ate the litchis as we headed back to the boat.On the following day, we boated to Ye’s hometown, the place we had seen the hills and the pagoda.Setting off from Chen’s little school, we passed the ‘paradise of the birds’ again.This time it was morning, and the sun was pouring over the water, as well as the branches.Everything was extremely bright.We stopped under the tree for a moment.It was very quiet at first, but then a burst of chirps broke the silence.Chen clapped his hands, and we saw a big bird flying over, then a second, and a third.We continued to clap, and soon the woods became very boisterous.Bird chirps were all over the place, and so were the birds, the big ones, small ones, variegated ones and black ones.Some perched on the branches, chirping;some were flying up;some were flapping their wings.I busied myself by watching them.Just as I saw this one clearly, I already missed the other one, and when I turned my eyes to the second one, the third one had flown off.A thrush flew out, but was startled by our clapping and then turned back into the woods.It stopped at a thin branch, and started to sing enthusiastically.The sounds were so beautiful.“Let’s go.” Ye rushed me to leave.As the boat was floating to the village under the pagoda, I kept turning back to look at the lush banyan left behind.I felt a little melancholy to leave this place.Yesterday, I was cheated by my eyes.The “paradise of the birds” is a real paradise for the birds!

June, 1933 in Guangzhou.Guo Yue of China returns the ball in the women's single finals against her teammate Li Xiaoxia at the world table tennis championships in Zagreb May 25, 2007.Guo beat Li 8-11, 11-7, 4-11, 2-11, 11-5, 11-2, 11-8 to win the women's singles title.北京時(shí)間5月25日，在薩格勒布世界乒乓球錦標(biāo)賽女子單打決賽上，郭躍以大比分4－3逆轉(zhuǎn)隊(duì)友李曉霞，奪得了本屆世乒賽女單冠軍。

Zhang Yining and Guo Yan, both of China, picked bronze medals.張怡寧和郭燕獲得了此次比賽的銅牌。

The 18-year-old Guo was jolted awake in the fifth set, sweeping three sets in a row to triumph 8-11, 11-7, 4-11, 2-11, 11-5, 11-2, 11-8.18歲的郭躍在第五局中調(diào)整了心態(tài)，連勝三局。

Fourth-seeded Guo, who stunned defending Olympic and world champion Zhang Yining in the semifinals, didn't find her touch until the end of the fourth set, in which she had once trailed 0-9.四號(hào)種子郭躍在半決賽的第四局中曾以0比9落后于未免世界冠軍張怡寧，直到這一局快要結(jié)束才表現(xiàn)出自己的特長(zhǎng)。

Guo used her forehand topspin and lightning backhand flicks to win the fifth set 11-5 and then the sixth 11-2.在第五局和第六局，郭躍使用正手擊球和反手擊球的戰(zhàn)術(shù)分別以11-5和11-2輕松獲勝。

Both players were technically correct in the final set but the championship game was usually a battle of minds.At the end of the fourth set the momentum was with Li, now it was with Guo.最后一局兩位隊(duì)員在技術(shù)上不分伯仲（均沒有出現(xiàn)失誤），但比賽往往也是一場(chǎng)心理素質(zhì)的較量。

Li looked disconsolate as she made errors with Guo moving into a 4-0 lead.When the

players changed ends Guo was 5-0 ahead, prompting Li to call “Time Out”.She returned to serve a clean ace.由于自已的失誤而導(dǎo)致郭躍以4-0領(lǐng)先，李曉霞有些郁郁寡歡。換場(chǎng)時(shí)，郭躍以5-0領(lǐng)先，李曉霞喊了暫停。回來后，憑發(fā)球獲得一分。

Guo called “Time Out” with a 7-3 lead and then went ahead 10-4。

在7-3領(lǐng)先的情況下，郭躍喊了暫停，隨后將比分追到了10-4。

Weekly Weather Forecast(May 21 to 27)

Northwest China May 21, western and northern Xinjiang to see overcast skies with light to moderate rain or snow, potentially spreading to eastern sections of the region.May 22 to 24, wet weather will continue in the same areas, turning heavy and accompanied by strong winds.Mountain passes will be battered by gale-force winds as sand storms will affects areas of Xinjiang, Gansu and Ningxia, bringing a drop in temperature.May 25 to 27, the sun will break through the clouds while a meek cold air front brings winds to Xinjiang and western Gansu.西北部地區(qū)：5月21日，新疆的西部和背部地區(qū)多云間晴轉(zhuǎn)中雨或雪，雨雪還將會(huì)波及到這個(gè)地區(qū)的西部。5月22至24日將會(huì)持續(xù)雨雪天氣，將有可能轉(zhuǎn)為大雨或大雪并會(huì)伴有大風(fēng)的出現(xiàn)。山口地區(qū)將會(huì)遭受大風(fēng)的襲擊，新疆、甘肅和寧夏地區(qū)將會(huì)有沙城天氣出現(xiàn)并伴有氣溫的下降。25日至27日，將會(huì)云開日出，同時(shí)，一股弱冷空氣的前鋒將會(huì)給新疆和甘肅西部帶來大風(fēng)天氣。

North China: May 21 to 22, most parts to be cloudy to overcast with light to moderate rain turning heavy in some areas.May 23 to 25, rain clouds will dominate the skies across central and southern parts, with occasional thunder storms, gusting winds and a mercury drop.May 26 to 27, the rain will abate, continuing scattered in some places, letting sunny patches prevail.北部地區(qū)：5月21日至22日，大部分地區(qū)將會(huì)經(jīng)歷由多云到晴間多云到中雨再到大雨的天氣過程。23日25日，中部和南部地區(qū)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)雷陣雨，并伴有狂風(fēng)和氣溫的下降。26日至27日，雨勢(shì)將會(huì)減弱，但仍零星地分布在一些地區(qū)，其他地區(qū)將會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)為晴天。

Northeast China: May 21 to 22, cloudy skies will bring occasional downpours on eastern regions.May 23 to 27, rain will be seen across the region with strong winds blowing in from the north.The weather may turn vicious as temperatures drop, shadowing the arrival of thunderstorms and hail.冰雹

東北部地區(qū)：5月21日至22日，東部地區(qū)將會(huì)有大雨出現(xiàn)。23日至27日整個(gè)地區(qū)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)降雨天氣并伴有北風(fēng)。伴隨著降溫,最新網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，天氣將變得惡劣起來，隨之將會(huì)有大雷雨和冰雹出現(xiàn)。

Central China: May 21 to 22, rainfalls will affect most parts, occasionally turning heavy.May 23 to 25, cold and warm air fronts will collide, causing moderate rain to stormy weather across the region.Central and northern parts can expect strong northerly winds as storm fronts roll in.May 26 to 27, clouds will persist throughout, with mild rain showers.中部地區(qū)：5月21日至22日，大部分地區(qū)都會(huì)出現(xiàn)降雨過程，局部地區(qū)將會(huì)有大雨。5月23至25日，由于熱冷空氣的將會(huì)整個(gè)地區(qū)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)中到大雨。大雨前鋒過處，中部和北部地區(qū)將會(huì)刮起大風(fēng)。

East China: May 21 to 23, most parts to see cloudy and rainy climes although Fujian, northern Anhui and some of western Shanxi Province will be lashed with heavy rain.May 24 to 25, northern banks of the Huaihe River to see strong winds while southern reaches will see persistent rainfall.May 26 to 27, sunny weather will dominate throughout although scattered showers may occur in the late afternoon or evening.東部地區(qū)：5月21日至23日，大部分地區(qū)將會(huì)出現(xiàn)陰雨天氣，福建、安徽北部和山西西部地區(qū)將會(huì)遭遇大雨天氣。5月24日至25日，淮河北部地區(qū)將會(huì)有大風(fēng)出現(xiàn)，南部地區(qū)將會(huì)持續(xù)降雨過程。5月26至27日，整個(gè)地區(qū)將會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)為晴好天氣，傍晚和夜間人會(huì)有零星陣雨。

reaches(江、河的)一段流域;地帶;大片地區(qū)

South China: May 21 to 23, most parts to be overcast, while northern parts will see heavy rain and thunderstorms.May 24 to 27, thunderstorms will continue although rain will abate in western and northern parts.南部地區(qū)：5月21日至23日，大部分地區(qū)將會(huì)是多云天氣，北部地區(qū)將會(huì)有大雨或暴雨。5月24日至27日，將會(huì)持續(xù)暴雨天氣，西部和北部地區(qū)的雨勢(shì)將會(huì)減弱。

Southwest China: May 21 to 23, as in much of the country, most parts will see overcast conditions but strong winds and hail will arrive later on, affecting much of southeastern Tibet, the western Sichuan Plateau, Chongqing, Guizhou and western and southern Yunnan.May 23 to 24, the Sichuan Basin, Chongqing and Guizhou will confront strong northerly winds, with possible snow coming in on May 25 to 27.China National Meteorological Center

西南部地區(qū)：21日至23日，和全國(guó)大部分地區(qū)一樣，這里將會(huì)是陰云密布的天氣，但大風(fēng)和冰雹要來的晚一些，西藏東南部、四川盆地、重慶和貴州將會(huì)遭遇強(qiáng)烈的北風(fēng)襲擊，25日至27日有可能會(huì)出現(xiàn)降雪天氣。

段落翻譯 1 當(dāng)今世界的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是人才的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。因此，黨中央決定從海外我們的留學(xué)生中，從香港、澳門、臺(tái)灣吸收和利用人才來加強(qiáng)我們?cè)谑澜缟系母?jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。引進(jìn)這些人才的重點(diǎn)是那些開放程度越來越大、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)越來越激烈的部門，比如說銀行、保險(xiǎn)等行業(yè)，以及國(guó)有大型企業(yè)的管理層。In today’s world competition among states is mainly a competition amongtalented professionals.Therefore it is a decision adopted by the CPC CentralCommittee to fully absorb and make use of the talented people among ouroverseas students and among the professionals in Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan.This will help us strengthen our competitive edge.The departments that wouldintroduce talented people from outside are those that are exposed toincreasingly fierce competition and that are open wider to the outsider worldsuch as banking insurance industry large state-owned enterprises etc.段落翻譯 2 莫高窟有 1000 多個(gè)洞窟，又叫千佛洞，現(xiàn)有幾百個(gè)洞窟，其中十分之六七的洞窟是隋唐時(shí)期開鑿的。洞窟的四壁和頂上畫滿了彩色壁畫。現(xiàn)存壁畫總面積有 45000 多平方米，內(nèi)容表現(xiàn)了佛教故事，不少畫面反映出隋唐時(shí)期社會(huì)的繁榮。莫高窟的塑像共有 2400 多尊，隋唐時(shí)期占了近一半。The Mogao Grottoes at Dunhuang used to have over 1000 caves but nowadaysthere remain only a few hundred of which 60-70 were made in the Sui and Tangdynasties.The walls and ceilings of the grottoes are covered with coloredfrescos totaling more than 45000 m2.The frescos depict Buddhist stories.Many of them reflect the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.The Mogao Grottoesboast over 2400 statues almost half of which date from the Sui and Tangdynasties.段落翻譯 3 中國(guó)人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上獨(dú)樹一幟。有史記載用筷的歷史已有三千多年。筷子古時(shí)稱為箸，它看似簡(jiǎn)單，但卻同時(shí)具有夾、撥、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多種功能。中國(guó)民間視筷子為吉祥之物，如婚俗中將筷子隱喻為快生貴子的祝福等。與使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成雙結(jié)對(duì)的筷子含有“和為貴“的意蘊(yùn)。西方人贊譽(yù)筷子是古老的東方文明。The Chinese way of eating with chopsticks is unique in the world.Therecorded history of chopsticks started more than three thousand years ago.Chopsticks were named Zhu in ancient Chinese.They look deceptively simple touse but possess multi-various functions such as clamping turning overlifting up raking stirring scooping poking tearing and so on.Chopstickswere taken as an auspicious mascot by ordinary people in ancient China.Forexample the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphorat weddings to indicate a blessing or benediction for the couple to have ababy soon.Unlike using a knife and fork or one’s own hands a pair ofchopsticks also implies the meaning of “harmony is what matters”.Chopsticksare highly praised by Westerners as a hallmark of ancient orientalcivilization.段落翻譯 4 作為中國(guó)最早的教育中心和科學(xué)研究中心，北京大學(xué)聚集了中國(guó)優(yōu)秀的專家學(xué)者，不斷開拓創(chuàng)新，改造發(fā)展，以培養(yǎng)出的高質(zhì)量人才和做出的高水平科學(xué)成果深刻影響著中國(guó)高等教育的航程。一百年來，北京大學(xué)為代表的中國(guó)現(xiàn)代大學(xué)群，在中國(guó)走向現(xiàn)代化的歷史進(jìn)程中起到了重要的先鋒作用，形成了光榮的革命傳統(tǒng)和優(yōu)良的學(xué)術(shù)傳統(tǒng)。As China’s earliest center of education and scientific research BeijingUniversity has gathered China’s most brilliant specialists and scholarscontinuously opened up blazed new trails engaged itself in reform anddevelopment for training high-quality talent and achieving high-levelscientific fruits that deeply influenced and advanced the range of China’shigher education.Over the past hundred years this group of China’scontemporary universities with Beijing University as its stellarrepresentative has played a pioneering role in China’s historical coursetowards modernization forming a glorious revolutionary as well as anexemplary academic tradition.段落翻譯 5 在中國(guó)，龍是一種吉祥的生物。在中國(guó)古代，龍被視為皇權(quán)的象征。直到現(xiàn)在，龍仍然是備受尊崇的神物，代表著財(cái)富、智慧、成功、權(quán)力以及幸運(yùn)。中國(guó)人自豪地宣稱他們是龍的子孫。西方媒體也經(jīng)常把龍用作中國(guó)的標(biāo)志。如今，大多數(shù)歐洲人都知道龍?jiān)谥袊?guó)是一種吉祥的生物，也知道龍是中國(guó)的十二生肖之一。The Chinese dragon is anauspicious creature.In the ancient times the dragon was the symbol ofimperial power.Even today as a magical creature beloved by the people itstill represents wealth wisdom success power and good fortune.Chinesepeople proudly claim that they are the descendants of the dragon.The dragonalso often appears in the publications of Western media as the symbol of China.Nowadays most Europeans understand that dragon is a lucky creature in Chinaand it is one of the 12 Chinese Zodiac Signs.段落翻譯 6 經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)已給英國(guó)的年輕人帶來深重的影響。現(xiàn)在有一百多萬(wàn)人失業(yè)。這些人中超過22的人年齡集中于十六至二十四歲。要不是因?yàn)榧磳砼R的夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)，這 種情況在倫敦可能會(huì)更為嚴(yán)重。奧運(yùn)會(huì)一部分收入已經(jīng)用來幫助倫敦的弱勢(shì)青年進(jìn)行職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。即將來臨的盛事剛好提供了一些機(jī)會(huì)。隨著奧運(yùn)會(huì)的臨近，整個(gè)倫敦 都正在改變著。新機(jī)遇應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。但到了秋季，運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將會(huì)結(jié)束。屆時(shí)許多臨時(shí)性的工作將不復(fù)存在。因此我們擔(dān)憂的是奧運(yùn)會(huì)結(jié)束之后我們?cè)撛趺崔k。Britain’s younger workers have been hit especially hard by the financialcrisis.The economy crisis has taken its toe on Britain’s youth.One millionplus are now unemployed.More than 22 are those aged 16 to 24.It might beworse in London if it is not for the upcoming Summer Olympics.Some of theOlympic money has gone to help London disadvantage youth to get job training.The majoring upcoming event is offering some opportunities.With the OlympicGames approaching the whole London is changing.A newopportunity isdeveloping.But by the autumn the Olympics will be over.And many ofthetemporary jobs will go.So the worry is what we could do after the Olympics.段落翻譯 7 元宵節(jié)是中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)佳節(jié)，在每年的農(nóng)歷正月十五這一天慶祝。元宵節(jié)的到來也標(biāo)志著春節(jié)的結(jié)束。元宵節(jié)的傳統(tǒng)可以追溯到西漢時(shí)期，像其他的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日一樣，關(guān)于元宵節(jié)也有一個(gè)美麗的傳說。據(jù)說，與道家的傳統(tǒng)有關(guān)。按中國(guó)民間的傳統(tǒng)，在這天上皓月高懸的夜晚，人們要點(diǎn)起彩燈萬(wàn)盞，以示慶賀。出門賞月、燃燈放焰、喜猜燈謎、共吃元宵，其樂融融。The Lantern Festival is a traditional Chinese festival which is on the 15thof the first month of the Chinese New Year.The festival marks the end of thecelebrations of the Chinese New Year.Chinese started to celebrate the LanternFestival from the Han Dynasty 206 BC-221 AD.Like most other Chinese festivals there is also a story behind the Festival.It is also believed that the festival has Taoist origins.This is a festival for people having fun.Onthe night of the festival people go on streets with a variety of lantern sunder the full moon guessing Chinese riddles and lighting up firecrackers，eating Yuanxiao glutinous rice ball.There is really a lot of fun for the young and the old.段落翻譯 8 中國(guó)的手工藝品、絲綢、瓷器、地毯、棉紡織品在世界上享有盛名，而且比在世界其他地方購(gòu)買價(jià)格更合理，挑選余地更大。中國(guó)各地都有自己獨(dú)特的產(chǎn)品可買，比如說北京的景泰藍(lán)、地毯；上海的中國(guó)服裝、棉紡織品；杭州的絲綢；蘇州的古玩；到西安您可以買兵馬俑、唐三彩。如果您嫌麻煩，也可以在北京、上海的友誼商店里將東西一次買齊，大城市的友誼商店一般貨源都比較充足，而且可以代您托運(yùn)。China has won a worldwide reputation for handicrafts silk porcelaincarpets and textiles all more reasonably priced and of greater variety thanelsewhere in the world.Unique local creations are available in their owncities such as Beijing’s cloisonné and carpets Shanghai’s Chinese clothingand cotton textiles Hangzhou’s silk Suzhou’s antiques and Xi’an’sthree-coloured glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty and terra cotta figures.Iftourists are not able to reach these cities most of these products can bepurchased in the Friendship Stores in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai.These stores also help you transport what you have bought

第四篇：大英四句子翻譯答案

Unit 1

1.美國(guó)人往往以從事的工作來對(duì)人們進(jìn)行劃分。家庭和教育背景這些特點(diǎn)被認(rèn)為是不太重

要的。

Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他決不妥協(xié)的個(gè)性是他再也無(wú)法容忍它的雇主，并最終遞交了辭職書的原因。

His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，你就必須投入大量的時(shí)間和精力，否則你就不會(huì)有任何進(jìn)步。對(duì)

于其他課程也可以這么說。

If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you’ll go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演員的名聲靠的是他們天生的美貌，但是達(dá)斯汀?霍夫曼（Dustin Hoffman）盡管

身材矮小（short stature）,還是出類拔萃，而使他與眾不同的正是他精湛的演技。Some actors’ fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that sets him apart.5.他負(fù)責(zé)管理之后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他與前任（predecessor）有明顯的不同：他有干勁和激情，想出了很多新點(diǎn)子，并把工作重點(diǎn)放在如何鼓舞我們的士氣上。

After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.當(dāng)鄧小平宣布中國(guó)改革開放政策的時(shí)候，他被永遠(yuǎn)載入史冊(cè)。盡管障礙重重，他以不懈的努力為我國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化作出了永久性的貢獻(xiàn)。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.為什么有人擁有天才級(jí)智商卻被智商平平但很刻苦的人丟在后面？ 承認(rèn)除了智商外，還有很多別的因素與一個(gè)人的成就有著很大的關(guān)系。

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements.8.這位教師真了不起，她能在教?hào)|西之前調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性。這并不是因?yàn)樗刑熨x，而

是因?yàn)樗幌胫谡n堂上吸引他們的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she focuses completely on drawing their full attention in class.Unit 2

1.他瞪眼看著約翰，對(duì)他拒絕合作感到惱怒。

He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.2.約翰真誠(chéng)的講話表達(dá)了他對(duì)那些在他處于困境時(shí)給過他慷慨幫助的人們的感激之情。

John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可說是一個(gè)集郵家。他曾經(jīng)積蓄了兩年去買一張珍郵這件事便是證明。

4.5.6.7.8.He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.這些玫瑰的美麗怎么評(píng)價(jià)也不過分。他們以各種方式吸引住了所有的游客。The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took /caught all the visitors’ fancy in one way or another.起先，他理所當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為該地區(qū)應(yīng)當(dāng)多造一些公路。然而仔細(xì)計(jì)算其費(fèi)用后，他在作出最后決定前又不得不重新考慮了。At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.每次收到我的禮物，不管多少，我的朋友比爾決不忘記表示感謝。Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, myfriend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.那位新聞?dòng)浾邲Q定找到那對(duì)老夫妻信中提及的年輕人。那封信贊頌了年輕人為改善他們的生活條件而付出的努力。The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple’s letter, which is a tribute to the young man’s effort at improving their living conditions.雖然他厭煩了那些每天上門來吹噓其產(chǎn)品的推銷員，但他克制著沒有將他們拒之門外。

Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit 3

1.湯姆因一問題而心神不寧但又一籌莫展，直到他學(xué)會(huì)以不同的策略把它解決才不心煩。

Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.橫向思維幫助他提出了原來似乎走進(jìn)死胡同的新理論。

Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which seemed to have reached a dead end.3.我們最新的建設(shè)計(jì)劃的框架已獲得地方政府的批準(zhǔn)。它是否會(huì)按時(shí)實(shí)施對(duì)這座沿海城市的發(fā)展具有極為重大的意義。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of the coastal city.4.在設(shè)法尋找一個(gè)解決問題的辦法的過程中, 愛德華在思想上陷入了僵局，但后來他改變

了觀察角度，以一種完全意想不到的方式解決了問題。

While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.許多人認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)機(jī)房將最終取代圖書館，想吸收新知識(shí)的學(xué)生最終將在計(jì)算機(jī)機(jī)房里

學(xué)習(xí)一切。

Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽車幾乎是迎頭撞上了一輛卡車。如果他繼續(xù)這樣隨便開車，我確信他最后一

定會(huì)被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院的急診室。

His car crashed into a truck almost head-on yesterday.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.這幅畫的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)有一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。你為什么不擦掉那幾條垂線，把它簡(jiǎn)化一點(diǎn)呢？

There is a flaw in the design of the structure of the painting.Why don’t you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.約翰本該在很久以前就把煙戒掉了。畢竟健康對(duì)每個(gè)人來說都是最重要的。

John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit 4

1.學(xué)校應(yīng)避免僅按學(xué)生考試成績(jī)來判別孰優(yōu)孰劣并以此對(duì)待他們。相反，好的教育體制應(yīng)

使每一位學(xué)生都能達(dá)到良好的水準(zhǔn)，成為全面發(fā)展的人。

Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of the students’ exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2.大學(xué)生課后有問題時(shí)，往往在辦公時(shí)間之外不容易找到老師。這是由于教師繁忙的學(xué)術(shù)

研究，而不是他們對(duì)學(xué)生漠不關(guān)心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers’ busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.這個(gè)班級(jí)由40名學(xué)生組成，他們中大部分按英語(yǔ)水平過去常被歸在中等之列。但由于

這位老師從不在言辭中表露出不耐煩，學(xué)生們對(duì)他的教學(xué)方法產(chǎn)生了積極的反應(yīng)，從而沒有辜負(fù)他的期望。

This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美國(guó)，教書變得越來越難了，部分原因是學(xué)生越來越多樣的種族背景以及需要另外培

訓(xùn)才能掌握的更為復(fù)雜的教學(xué)技術(shù)。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students’ racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英國(guó)人經(jīng)常被歸類為保守型，顯然這一歸類帶有成見。實(shí)際上，英國(guó)在民族特性方面與

其他歐洲國(guó)家相比并沒有太大的差異。英國(guó)人有禮貌，愛整潔，講秩序，充滿自信。The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics.The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.6.有些年輕人在成長(zhǎng)過程中有著要求獨(dú)立的強(qiáng)烈愿望。他們寧可通過自己的努力來渡過生

活中的困難，也不愿意帶著負(fù)罪感求助于他們的父母。

Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友對(duì)你非常真誠(chéng)，你也應(yīng)該同樣以誠(chéng)相待，決不應(yīng)該欺騙他，或者帶著諷刺的口

吻談?wù)撍拇煺邸?/p>

Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn’t deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony(ironically).8.鄰居們惱火的原因是他們發(fā)出的噪音，但是由于他們一再保證夜間停工，從而得以完成這套公寓的裝潢。

The neighbors’ irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.Unit 5

1.正如你可以想像到的，閱讀為我打開了一個(gè)新的天地并永遠(yuǎn)改變了我的人生道路。

As you can imagine, reading has opened a new world to me and changed forever the course of my life.2.他從童年起就對(duì)書籍表現(xiàn)出一種非常強(qiáng)烈的興趣。他對(duì)書籍如此迷戀，以致從不讓一天

過去而不進(jìn)行一些閱讀。

He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since childhood.So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass without doing some reading.3.他每次乘地鐵上下班身邊都有一本想讀的書。他就這樣在過去三年中讀了近一百本書。

Every time he takes the subway to and from work, he has with him a book that he wants to read.That is the way he has read nearly a hundred books in the past three years.4.他讀中學(xué)時(shí)常在自己的房間里讀書至深夜。每次聽到母親走近的腳步聲，他便關(guān)掉燈假

裝睡著。而母親一走過去，他便打開燈，重又讀起來。

When he was in high school, he used to read deep / far into the night in his own room.Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep.But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.5.幾乎沒有什么關(guān)于中國(guó)的東西是他不感到好奇的。為了滿足自己的好奇心他已決定親自

到那兒去盡量多看一些。

There is hardly anything about China he’s not curious about.And to satisfy his curiosity he has decided to go there in person to see as much as he can.6.我不知道是什么使得你兒子羨慕那位流行歌手并試圖事事模仿他的。你還是問問他本人

好了。

I don’t know / I have little / no idea what made your son envy that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything.You might as well ask him in person.7.他從圖書館一借到那本書就在走廊的燈光下飛快地把它翻了一遍。As soon as he checked

out the book from the library, he thumbed through its pages by the corridor light.8.我認(rèn)為沒有哪個(gè)人在農(nóng)村學(xué)到的比我更多。實(shí)際上，農(nóng)村的三年使我比進(jìn)某個(gè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)

得更深入細(xì)致。

I don’t think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.In fact, those three years in the countryside enabled me to study far more intensively than I would have if I had attended some college.Unit 6

1.他生來就有殘疾，但他從不沮喪，也從未屈服于任何困難。He was disabled form birth, but

he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.2.湯姆一直堅(jiān)決要求提升。當(dāng)這樣的機(jī)會(huì)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，他立即抓住了。Tom had been holding out

for a promotion.When the opportunity showed up, he grabbed it at once.3.他對(duì)所有的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化考試都不信任并認(rèn)為應(yīng)該由某種更好的東西來取代它們。

He distrusts all standardized tests and believes that there should be something better to substitute for them.4.我的論點(diǎn)是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)馬上對(duì)這些又爭(zhēng)議的問題逐個(gè)進(jìn)行調(diào)查。My thesis is that we should

carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now.5.貝蒂勤勞而又可靠。她從不在困難面前退縮。總之，她是我們都為之感到驕傲的那種學(xué)

生。Betty is diligent and dependable.She never shies away from any difficulties.In short, she is the kind of student that we are all proud of.6.把汽油箱放在你的房子里是不明智的，因?yàn)樗鼧O易燃燒，并且可能在幾分鐘內(nèi)就將你辛

辛苦苦掙來的財(cái)產(chǎn)付之一炬It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your house for it ignites easily and may burn up all your hard-earned wealth in just a few minutes.7.史密斯博士的講座等于是說，很早就顯示出高情商的孩子無(wú)論面對(duì)什么困難都會(huì)最終取

得成功。

Doctor Smith’s lecture amounts to saying that a child who displays high EQ early on in life will succeed eventually in the face of all kinds of difficulties.8.由于在美國(guó)很多婚姻都以離婚告終，心理學(xué)家們建議所有家庭中的夫妻都應(yīng)更經(jīng)常地互

相溝通，不要等到為時(shí)過晚時(shí)才來解決他們的問題。

Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States, psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often and solve their problems before it becomes too late.Unit 7

1.隨著長(zhǎng)大，我漸漸接受了這一事實(shí)：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)成為一名作家的夢(mèng)想。As I grew up,I made my peace with the fact that I would never fulfill my dream of becoming a writer.2.邁克爾想了兩天還沒填出字謎游戲(word puzzle)里那個(gè)至關(guān)重要的詞,最后只好失望地放

棄。Michael had got stuck trying to figure out the word essential to the word puzzle for two days before he threw up his hands in frustration.3.當(dāng)這位歌手發(fā)現(xiàn)市面上有自己作品的盜版(pirated edition)時(shí),他十分震驚，發(fā)誓決不

放過那盜賊。The singer was taken aback by the pirated editions of his songs on the market, and he vowed not to let the thieves off.4.感謝您購(gòu)買我們的鍋爐(furnace)。作為回報(bào)，我們將免費(fèi)為您處理舊鍋爐。Thank you for

purchasing our furnace.In return we will get rid of your old one for free.5.我和蘇珊互訴了別后發(fā)生的事情，從中我得知她已經(jīng)出版了好幾本兒童讀物。

Susan and I filled each other in on what had happened after we parted, from which I learned that she had had several children’s books in print.6.當(dāng)連鎖大書店的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)逼得她的小書店歇業(yè)后，已屆中年的莉蓮不知道自己還能做些什么。

Her bookstore having been frozen out by a giant chain, the middle-aged Lillian was at a loss as to what else she could do.7.你需要有人在旁不斷督促才會(huì)完成這一任務(wù)。

You need somebody to urge you constantly to see the task through to completion.8.因?yàn)楹ε滦陆ㄙ?gòu)物中心會(huì)破壞社區(qū)的寧?kù)o，許多居民反對(duì)這一計(jì)劃。

For fear that a new shopping center would ruin the peace of the community, many residents opposed the construction plan.Unit 8

1.如果你對(duì)冗長(zhǎng)的講座不感興趣，那從頭至尾把它聽完實(shí)在是毫無(wú)意義的。

It is really pointless to sit through a tedious lecture if you do not take any interest in it.2.由于他在生態(tài)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的卓越地位，我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生敬重他。

The students at our university all hold him in high esteem because of his eminence in the field of ecology.3.雖然他聲稱他的那部新小說跟他本人的生活無(wú)關(guān)，但它還是吸引了許多青年讀者。他們

認(rèn)為這部小說使他們粗略地看到了作者的童年。Though he claims that his new novel has nothing to do with his own life, it has caught the fancy of many young readers, who believe that this novel has given them a glimpse of the author’s childhood.4.自從計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)迎來了人們所稱的信息時(shí)代以來，有些作家已經(jīng)不再用鋼筆，因?yàn)樗麄?/p>

現(xiàn)在能夠用計(jì)算機(jī)來寫一切東西了。Since the computer technology ushered in what is known as the Information Age, some writers have done away with their pens, for they can now write everything with their computers.5.我們不得不羞愧而遺憾地承認(rèn)，在我們中間有些人的確把自己看作是宇宙的中心，對(duì)公

共事務(wù)毫不關(guān)心。We have to admit, as much in sorrow as in shame, that there are some people among us who do think of themselves as the center of the universe and care very little about public affairs.6.首先，我們應(yīng)該取得該市人口的精確數(shù)據(jù)。如果退休人員的人數(shù)超過青少年的人數(shù)，我們就應(yīng)該調(diào)整發(fā)展計(jì)劃以滿足這一大批人的需要。

First and foremost, we should get the precise data on the population of the city.If retired people outnumber the teenagers, we should adjust our development plan to the needs of this large group of people.7.最令南希感到高興的莫過于看到她七歲的兒子取得的飛速進(jìn)步，他的演奏甚至?xí)乖S

多專業(yè)鋼琴家相形見絀。

Nothing pleases Nancy more than to see the rapid progress made by her seven-year-old son, whose playing would put many a professional pianist to shame.8.我要表明的觀點(diǎn)是，作為當(dāng)代的大學(xué)生，我們必須極為尊重知識(shí)，尤其是尊重對(duì)知識(shí)的追求，并非常重視傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)的約束和連續(xù)性。

The point I want to make is that as modern university students, we must hold knowledge and, especially, the quest for knowledge in high esteem and place great value on tradition, social restraint and continuity.

第五篇：大英4泛讀翻譯Book4

2．不確定的未來

從中國(guó)人踏上美國(guó)國(guó)土的那一刻起，他們的夢(mèng)想就變成了美國(guó)夢(mèng)。他們?cè)诩永Ｄ醽喌膲m土中爭(zhēng)奪金子，他們渴望擁有自己的土地與事業(yè)，渴望通過戰(zhàn)斗，使自己的孩子與美國(guó)小孩一樣，在學(xué)校里受教育。美國(guó)華裔們與大部分移民一樣，來這兒是為了逃離戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與饑荒，遠(yuǎn)離迫害與貧窮。又與其他移民的后裔一般，他們的子孫開始稱美國(guó)為“祖國(guó)”。

如果美國(guó)除去華裔們?yōu)槠淙〉玫某删停撬鼘⒉粫?huì)成為今日之美國(guó)。一代又一代的華裔子孫，為將美國(guó)建設(shè)成當(dāng)?shù)目涨笆r而奮斗。他們?yōu)閮?nèi)戰(zhàn)而搏，建造的鐵路使整個(gè)國(guó)家融為一體。華裔們?cè)缙诘恼x之戰(zhàn)，為隨后的民權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)奠定了新的法律基礎(chǔ)。他們?yōu)槊绹?guó)制成了首個(gè)火箭并幫助其贏得了冷戰(zhàn)。在硅谷和其他地方，他們的貢獻(xiàn)使美國(guó)在信息時(shí)代建立并保持其優(yōu)勢(shì)地位。今天這些華裔分散在每個(gè)我們可想象的行業(yè)中：有投資者，教師，作者，醫(yī)生，工程師，律師，首席執(zhí)行官，社會(huì)工作者，會(huì)計(jì)，建筑師，警察，消防員，演員和宇航員。

可悲的是，盡管這么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的貢獻(xiàn)，許多華裔在美國(guó)仍然被當(dāng)成外國(guó)人。大部分新移民者將會(huì)遭遇這樣的嘲笑：“從哪兒來回哪兒去吧！”就像有人說的，美國(guó)華裔們就像客人一樣呆在其他人屋子里，不能將腳放在桌子上，不能得到真正的放松。中式口音與文化傳統(tǒng)可能會(huì)消失，但我們的皮膚顏色與眼睛形狀卻無(wú)法改變。

這些特性讓一些人理所當(dāng)然地將美國(guó)華人視為異類，自然也就稱不上是純正的美國(guó)人了。美國(guó)大眾媒體把美國(guó)華人模式化，把他們描繪成與生俱來就與美國(guó)人不同，無(wú)法改變。因而美國(guó)華人的美國(guó)化被這種輕而易舉但帶有欺騙性的模式化蒙上了陰影。

用人類的觀點(diǎn)來看，什么是造成這種不和的因素呢？一個(gè)在加利福尼亞洲，西柯汶納的本地委員會(huì)成員，有人在電話里對(duì)他說：“哇，你完全就像一個(gè)真正的美國(guó)人，一點(diǎn)兒都沒有中式口音。”醫(yī)學(xué)電視劇中美籍華人醫(yī)生不多，事實(shí)上，美國(guó)每六個(gè)醫(yī)生中就有一個(gè)是亞裔美國(guó)人。

1999年6月，劉云平出生于俄亥俄州，在加利福尼亞讀大學(xué)，在華盛頓郵報(bào)上介紹了他做美國(guó)空軍上尉時(shí)的一個(gè)小故事：

“你是中國(guó)空軍嗎？”旁邊一位穿著得體的女士問道。這個(gè)問題讓我一時(shí)說不出話來。要知道我們是在一個(gè)頒獎(jiǎng)晚宴上，而我正驕傲地穿著美國(guó)空軍的藍(lán)色制服，佩戴著上尉軍銜以及各種勛章和獎(jiǎng)牌。因此她的問題使我有些惱怒，也讓我意識(shí)到就算美國(guó)空軍的藍(lán)色制服也不足以徹底改變她最初的想法，即亞洲上的黃種人從某些方面來說不算是美國(guó)人。

我希望這只是個(gè)獨(dú)立的小插曲。但遺憾的是，時(shí)至今日美國(guó)仍然有很多人將美國(guó)華裔視作在美國(guó)的外國(guó)人??身為美國(guó)空軍的一名長(zhǎng)官，有一天我或許會(huì)被要求將生命獻(xiàn)給我的國(guó)家。如果有人依然對(duì)我所說的“我的國(guó)家”代表著什么抱有疑問的話，那將是我的恥辱。

只需對(duì)每個(gè)中國(guó)出身的美國(guó)名人有淺薄的了解，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不管他們?nèi)〉昧硕嗝醋吭降某删停瑢?duì)美國(guó)社會(huì)有著多大的貢獻(xiàn)，事實(shí)上他們每個(gè)人的身份或多或少都受到過質(zhì)疑。

宗毓華是美國(guó)歷史上第二個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)晚間新聞播報(bào)的女性聯(lián)合主持，她在那樣一種不受歡迎的新聞編輯室的氛圍里挺了過來。作為極少數(shù)的女性之一已經(jīng)夠糟了，然而她說：“早期在哥倫比亞廣播系統(tǒng)時(shí)，71年到76年，我被稱作‘黃色新聞佬’——有些話語(yǔ)已經(jīng)明顯涉及了種族問題。”但是到了后期，1990年，有一個(gè)叫做克里夫·金凱德的華盛頓廣播主持人直接稱她為“宗國(guó)佬”。

林瓔現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)最負(fù)盛名的女性建筑師，而1980年當(dāng)她還是一個(gè)耶魯大學(xué)沒畢業(yè)的學(xué)生時(shí)，她因贏得了在華盛頓舉辦的全國(guó)的越戰(zhàn)紀(jì)念碑設(shè)計(jì)方案的征集而被惡意攻擊。“怎么能讓一個(gè)外國(guó)佬來設(shè)計(jì)越戰(zhàn)紀(jì)念碑？”一些越戰(zhàn)老兵質(zhì)疑道，“為何能容忍一個(gè)美籍亞裔女人為在亞洲發(fā)生的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中犧牲的美國(guó)人民設(shè)計(jì)紀(jì)念碑？”

在1998年的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上，當(dāng)美國(guó)花樣滑冰選手關(guān)穎珊在她的隊(duì)友塔拉·利平斯基后面第二個(gè)完成比賽時(shí)，微軟聯(lián)網(wǎng)新聞的頭條報(bào)道到：“美國(guó)人打敗了關(guān)穎珊”。

許多美籍華裔對(duì)媒體自動(dòng)將她歸于外國(guó)人這一舉動(dòng)十分憤怒，而事實(shí)上，關(guān)穎珊在美國(guó)出生，在美國(guó)受到教育，也是在美國(guó)接受溜冰訓(xùn)練。四年過去，這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤在關(guān)穎珊輸給薩拉?休斯與金牌擦肩而過時(shí)再一次重演，因西雅圖時(shí)報(bào)副標(biāo)題稱“美國(guó)人大爆滑冰冷門，使關(guān)穎珊和斯路斯卡婭相形見絀”。

1998年，職為加利福利亞洲的財(cái)務(wù)長(zhǎng)鄺杰靈在競(jìng)選聯(lián)邦議員時(shí)，有記者盤問他說，如果爆發(fā)中美戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，他會(huì)支持中國(guó)還是支持美國(guó)。鄺杰靈是第四代華裔，他的母親余江月桂女士，是首位任職加州政府秘書長(zhǎng)的女性美籍華裔。鄺杰靈無(wú)從回答輸贏問題，只得回應(yīng)時(shí)代周刊記者，“在美國(guó)‘自由平等’的表面下，還是存在著微妙的俗習(xí)陳見和種族歧視的。”

2001年5月，首位被選入美國(guó)眾議院的華裔吳振偉出席一次會(huì)議時(shí)竟在華盛頓特區(qū)能源部大樓被保安拒之門外。隨后，吳振偉表示：“最令我震憤的是，在我出示國(guó)會(huì)議員身份證明，且我的國(guó)會(huì)助理劉云平出示了員工證再次證實(shí)后，竟然一再質(zhì)疑我美國(guó)公民的身份！”

2001年，趙小蘭自哈佛商學(xué)院畢業(yè)，任職聯(lián)邦海事委員會(huì)主席及交通部助理秘書。她是喬治?沃克?布什總統(tǒng)任命其為勞工部秘書后，史上被納入總統(tǒng)顧問團(tuán)的美籍華裔第一人。當(dāng)她的批判者們以她的中國(guó)血統(tǒng)為由刁難，趙小蘭的丈夫參議員米奇?麥康奈爾站出來指責(zé)了這些“一定程度的種族詆毀”，“黃熱病佬”云云言論以及媒體界所持的排外態(tài)度。

此類事件屢次三番發(fā)生，而后一個(gè)問題被拋出，在美國(guó)華人社區(qū)呼聲高漲：到底還要幾般俯首屈從才能成為“真正”的美國(guó)公民？

這些種族主義事件并非偶然發(fā)生，憑空捏造的。這也不完全是在物理差異的基礎(chǔ)上產(chǎn)生的。縱觀美國(guó)歷史，的確，在大多數(shù)社會(huì)形式中，統(tǒng)治階級(jí)像操控機(jī)制一樣肆意剝削異民族勞動(dòng)力——作為一個(gè)方便的借口來讓自己的控制更容易為接受。種族主義經(jīng)常分裂和減少美國(guó)勞工--通過阻止白聯(lián)盟和彩色工人來幫助他們贏得那些影響他們的問題--使得政府在緊急情況下擴(kuò)大其權(quán)力范圍，如在經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條和戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這種時(shí)候，整個(gè)民族可以被犧牲的替罪羊集會(huì)領(lǐng)袖的解決方案背后的人。這是在美國(guó)的華人在排除時(shí)代前夕的命運(yùn)。

3.羞恥

誰(shuí)感到羞愧？什么使他羞愧？為什么作者要描寫他對(duì)這個(gè)小女孩青澀的暗戀？愛與自卑之間到底有什么聯(lián)系？理解了這些，你將找到這個(gè)故事的主題。

我在家從未有過憎惡感、羞恥感，而自從去了學(xué)校，我就有了這樣的感受。記得大約7歲那年，我得到了一次深刻的教訓(xùn)。那時(shí)，我喜歡上一個(gè)叫海琳·塔克的小女孩，她膚色白皙，扎著馬尾辮，舉止也很優(yōu)雅。她在校總是衣著整潔，成績(jī)優(yōu)異。我覺得我去學(xué)校主要是為了看她。我會(huì)梳理好自己的頭發(fā)并帶上一塊舊的小手帕。盡管這手帕是一個(gè)婦人的，可我卻不想讓海琳看到我用手擦鼻涕的樣子。天很冷，水管再次冰凍，盡管家里沒有水，但我仍會(huì)在每天晚上清洗我的襪子和襯衣。我會(huì)拿上一個(gè)罐子去本先生的食品雜貨店，將它放在蘇打水冷藏柜下面，然后掏出一些冰塊放在里面。到了晚上，我就可以用那些冰塊化成的水來洗衣服。那年冬天我常常生病，因?yàn)樵谝雇頎t火會(huì)在衣服烘干之前熄滅。到第二天早晨，不管那衣服是濕還是干，我都會(huì)穿上，因?yàn)槟鞘俏椅ㄒ坏囊路?/p>

每個(gè)人的心中都有一個(gè)海琳·塔克，她就是你所想的一切優(yōu)點(diǎn)的代表。我喜歡她，因?yàn)樗屏肌⒄麧崱⑷司壓谩Ｈ绻咴谖一丶业穆飞希业男值芙忝镁蜁?huì)大聲叫道“海琳來了”，然后我會(huì)將網(wǎng)球鞋的鞋面在褲腳上擦幾下，希望我的頭發(fā)不那么凌亂，普通的白色襯衫更加服帖。接著就沖到路上，如果我知趣的話，便不會(huì)走得太近，這時(shí)她就會(huì)向我眨眼并問好。那是一種很不錯(cuò)的感覺。有時(shí)候，我會(huì)一直跟在她后面走，鏟去路上的積雪，并試圖和她的媽媽、阿姨做朋友。晚上，我會(huì)在從小旅館擦鞋回來的路上將錢放在她家的門階上。

她有個(gè)爸爸，工作不錯(cuò)，是個(gè)糊墻紙工。

我猜想到夏天我便會(huì)把海琳忘卻，但是22年以來，在那間教室發(fā)生的事情，使她的面孔在我腦海里揮之不去。我為了她，在高中參加擊鼓活動(dòng)，在大學(xué)打破了某項(xiàng)記錄。甚至當(dāng)我站在臺(tái)上的麥克風(fēng)邊上聽到掌聲時(shí)，我也是希望她能夠聽到這些的。一直到22歲，我結(jié)婚了，工作賺錢了，她才終于從我的生命中淡去，不再影響我。當(dāng)我為自己感到羞愧時(shí)，海琳就坐在那間教室里。

那個(gè)周四，我坐在教室的后面的位子上，座位周圍被人用粉筆畫了個(gè)圈，代表這兒坐著的是個(gè)白癡，是個(gè)麻煩制造者。

老師認(rèn)為我是個(gè)笨蛋。我不會(huì)拼寫，不會(huì)朗讀，不會(huì)算術(shù)。我就是個(gè)笨蛋！老師從來不會(huì)花心思去注意到你因?yàn)闆]有吃早飯因?yàn)槎亲雍莛I而沒有集中注意力。你所能想到的也就是中午，中午還能不能到得了呢？也許你可以溜進(jìn)衣帽間，偷一些孩子們大衣口袋里的午飯來吃。一點(diǎn)兒吃的，比如漿糊。你不可能真的拿漿糊當(dāng)飯，或者將它們涂在面包上當(dāng)三明治；但是有時(shí)候，我還是會(huì)從教室后面的漿缸里舀幾匙漿糊。懷孕的人口味很怪，而我卻是滿懷貧困，滿懷污垢和令人掩鼻的臭味，滿懷凄涼和寒冷。我從來沒穿過專為我買的鞋子，我的床上還擠著另外5個(gè)人，可是隔壁房間里沒有爸爸。并且饑餓一直與我同在。當(dāng)我非常餓的時(shí)候，漿糊吃起來也就不那么難以下咽了。

老師認(rèn)為我是一個(gè)麻煩制造者。她總是在教室前面看見一個(gè)黑人小男孩愚蠢地坐在座位上，東張西望制造噪音影響其他孩子，卻看不見這個(gè)孩子之所以弄出聲音是想引起老師的注意。

那一天是周四，黑人發(fā)薪日的前一天。福利金通常是在周五發(fā)放。老師要求每一位學(xué)生問他們的父親可以為社區(qū)福利基金捐多少錢。在周五晚上，每位孩子都會(huì)從他們父親那兒拿到錢，并在周一將錢帶到學(xué)校。我決定我要給自己買一個(gè)爸爸。我口袋里的錢是靠擦皮鞋、賣報(bào)紙掙來的。并且無(wú)論海琳?塔克從她爸爸那兒拿多少錢，我都要超越它。我現(xiàn)在手里有錢，直到周一才會(huì)以爸爸的名義拿出來。

我有點(diǎn)發(fā)抖，緊張得要死。老師打開她的書，開始按字母順序叫名字。

“海琳?塔克？”

“我爸爸說他會(huì)給兩美元五十美分。

“那太好了。海琳，非常，非常好。”

這讓我感覺非常好。我不會(huì)花太多錢去超越它。我口袋里有好多一角硬幣和二十五分硬幣，差不多三美元。我把手放進(jìn)口袋里，牢牢地抓住錢，等待她叫我的名字。但是老師喊了教室每一個(gè)人的名字后合上了書。

我站起來，舉起我的手。“現(xiàn)在是怎么回事？” “你忘了我。”

她轉(zhuǎn)過身面朝著黑板：“我沒有時(shí)間陪你玩，理查德。”

“我爸爸說他可以??”

“坐下，理查德，你在擾亂課堂秩序。”

“我爸爸說他可以捐??捐十五美元。”

她轉(zhuǎn)過來，看起來十分生氣：“我們是在為你還有和你一樣的人募捐，理查德·格雷戈里。如果你的爸爸能捐出十五美元，那你還需要什么政府扶助金？”

“我現(xiàn)在就帶它著呢，我現(xiàn)在帶著呢，我爸爸把錢給我讓我今天交的，他說??”

“還有，”她盯著我說，她的鼻孔在擴(kuò)張，嘴唇越抿越緊，眼睛也瞪得大大的。“我們都知道你沒有爸爸。”

海琳·塔克轉(zhuǎn)過頭來，她的眼睛里噙滿淚水。她為我感到難過。然后我就看不清她了，因?yàn)槲乙部蘖恕?/p>

“坐下，理查德。” 我一直以為老師是有點(diǎn)兒喜歡我的，她總是在星期五放學(xué)后讓我擦洗黑板。那曾使我很激動(dòng)，覺得自己很重要。如果我不擦洗黑板，也許下周一學(xué)校就不能正常上課了。

“你要去哪兒，理查德？”

那天我走出了學(xué)校，此后很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間我都沒怎么回去。因?yàn)槟抢镌屛腋械叫邜u。

現(xiàn)在我覺得羞愧的無(wú)地自容，教室就像我的整個(gè)世界，每個(gè)人都聽到了老師的話，每個(gè)人都面帶歉意的看向我。參加最值得的孩子的圣誕晚宴也讓我覺得羞愧，因?yàn)樗腥硕贾肋@個(gè)“最值得的孩子”是什么。為什么他們不能直接叫兒童晚宴？為什么他們非要那么叫它？我為穿著福利院給三千個(gè)孩子的棕色，橙色和白色格子花彩格厚呢外衣而感到羞愧，為什么每個(gè)人穿的都一樣以至于你一走在大街上，人們就知道你是靠著救濟(jì)生活的人。那件外衣是件很好的暖和的衣服，它還帶有一個(gè)風(fēng)帽，當(dāng)我媽媽在塞滿垃圾的桶底找到它的時(shí)候，她打罵了我，并說，我是一個(gè)小人。我為每天晚上跑去本先生家要他的腐爛的桃子感到羞愧，我為向西蒙先生要一勺糖而羞恥，我為跑去救濟(jì)車而感到自卑。我恨那輛車，裝滿了給你的食物和善意。當(dāng)它再次來的時(shí)候我跑到屋子里藏了起來，然后從小路跑到遠(yuǎn)處，他們就不會(huì)在那家免費(fèi)餐廳看到我。是啊，那天整個(gè)世界都聽到了老師說了什么，我們都知道你沒有爸爸。

4.勇敢面對(duì)

一個(gè)寒冷的下午的足球比賽是在1937年發(fā)生。這些球員是哈佛大學(xué)的學(xué)生,在波士頓附近,在美利堅(jiān)合眾國(guó)。美式足球是一個(gè)粗糙的游戲,很容易受傷。球員們通常是強(qiáng)大的,堅(jiān)實(shí)的年輕人。但在這場(chǎng)合一名球員是長(zhǎng)得又高又瘦。他沒有足夠的足球非常擁擠。但他是敏銳的,而是,盡管成功。他喜歡戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)和出場(chǎng)大部分得很好。他無(wú)論做什么都是盡心去。他是約翰,肯尼迪。23年后,他將成為美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)。

像激動(dòng)的游戲模式增加了每個(gè)人匆忙球在一次。他們降落在彼此的頂部在堅(jiān)硬的、冷冰冰地。約翰·肯尼迪下面。當(dāng)其他的男人挑選自己站起來,準(zhǔn)備繼續(xù)比賽,他一動(dòng)不動(dòng)的躺著。最初它是難以移動(dòng)。他覺得如果他揪住了他背后的東西。他的胳膊和腿似乎不工作。他慢慢地站了起來。鋒利的感到劇痛他回來直立行走。但他拒絕有幫助,他離開了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。

那天,他傷害他的背得如此厲害,以致它給麻煩他余下的生命。但是很少人無(wú)論在玩牌的時(shí)候,還是以后,知道這常常忙和有吸引力的人是痛苦的。這不是他的性格中放棄。

約翰肯尼迪出生,就像一句老話說的那樣,“銀勺在他九歲”。他的父親約瑟夫·肯尼迪,是一個(gè)富有的銀行家。他的母親,玫瑰,是一個(gè)著名的波士頓的女兒的政治家。她在法國(guó)受過教育。約瑟夫·肯尼迪有足夠的錢給他的每個(gè)一百萬(wàn)元九個(gè)孩子的母親,他們到達(dá)了21歲。

約翰真的沒有很努力奮斗。他不需要工作,他的生活。但是他的父母帶孩子來領(lǐng)導(dǎo)使用壽命不管什么財(cái)富都要他們。他們教人們?nèi)绾螔暝驳孟袼麄兡軣o(wú)論他們相信并且不要害怕競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。他們教人們?nèi)绾蚊鎸?duì)生活的勇氣,沒有抱怨。這是幸運(yùn)的。因?yàn)?盡管約翰的錢可以提供最好的醫(yī)生,他從來沒有完美的健康的禮物或疼痛的緩解。

肯尼迪家族是一個(gè)活潑的家人彼此爭(zhēng)吵和斗爭(zhēng),因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)的孩子才會(huì)做的事。但他們彼此非常忠誠(chéng)。他們來自一個(gè)愛爾蘭人家庭和屬于天主教堂。他們的宗教對(duì)于他們來說很重要,他們學(xué)會(huì)了兒童保護(hù)他們的信心。美國(guó)是一個(gè)強(qiáng)烈的新教的國(guó)家。

肯尼迪的父母對(duì)子女的。什么似乎是不可能的。他們的祖父輩已經(jīng)抵達(dá)美國(guó)時(shí)身無(wú)分文,教育,使他們的財(cái)富。他們自己的努力給他們的孩子在生活中一個(gè)很好的機(jī)會(huì)。誰(shuí)知道約翰和他的兄弟姐妹可能會(huì)做什么? 孩子們向他們的古老的哥哥喬帶路。像許多美國(guó)兒童,他希望有一天成為總統(tǒng)。他是同性戀的,性情急躁,好學(xué)生和自信的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。他研究是一個(gè)律師,似乎肯定是他祖父的政治家都喜歡。

約翰是安靜的。他喜歡書籍和研究雖然他沒有得到前在學(xué)校的成績(jī),像他哥哥。他似乎很可能成為一個(gè)老師或作家。

當(dāng)孩子長(zhǎng)大成人之后就到國(guó)外旅行。約翰花了一個(gè)暑假在英國(guó)當(dāng)他十八歲。當(dāng)他二十歲時(shí)他和一個(gè)朋友穿越歐洲。就在1937年。歐洲走向第二次世界大戰(zhàn)。大多數(shù)美國(guó)人不感興趣外面發(fā)生了什么美國(guó)。但當(dāng)約翰回到哈佛他開始接受一個(gè)更嚴(yán)重的興趣在歷史上以及政府。他還花了很多時(shí)間在戶外,游泳和航行。相反,他們走向數(shù)英里外的另一個(gè)海島。他們游,或者一個(gè)日志上漂來漂去,到岸邊。他的一個(gè)同伴受傷所以約翰,他是一個(gè)很好的游泳者,把他同用一根繩子,他控制住自己的牙齒,直到他們到達(dá)島上。

那天晚上,他幾乎累后12小時(shí)在水里,他又游了尋找?guī)椭Ｒ粋€(gè)星期以來,他繼續(xù)做一個(gè)接一個(gè)的嘗試去拿幫助他的十一個(gè)人。他們沒有食物或水。最后他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)證明了島上的土著美國(guó)人要友善。他把一個(gè)信息帶來的美國(guó)船去救他們。這時(shí)候他們是如此的虛弱和生病的他們不能一直活得更長(zhǎng)一些。

約翰的勇氣,在這個(gè)時(shí)間使他尊貴。但他犧牲了自己的力量。他病了一年多之后,被迫救他,最后,從海軍退役的職責(zé)。.戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)快結(jié)束了,但這是一個(gè)悲傷的時(shí)間為約翰。他知道他的兄弟和他的兩個(gè)姐夫(他姐姐的丈夫)被殺死。

約翰不得不考慮他下一步干什么。他作為一名報(bào)社記者去到舊金山會(huì)議開始,聯(lián)合國(guó)組織。這是一個(gè)很重要的世界事件。當(dāng)他回到波士頓,他的父親提到一個(gè)國(guó)會(huì)議員從馬薩諸塞州的放棄了他的職務(wù)。“你為什么不參加競(jìng)選國(guó)會(huì)嗎,約翰? “他補(bǔ)充說。約翰考慮清楚了,決定試一試。

它似乎是不可能的,他會(huì)當(dāng)選。他太年輕的,富裕的和沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的有嚴(yán)重的獲勝的機(jī)會(huì)。和其他候選人有9個(gè),很多比賽。盡管他身材高大,有男子氣概,一流的眼睛和一個(gè)友好的微笑,他消瘦而蒼白,看起來精致。但有幾件事對(duì)他有利。是他的勇氣。另一個(gè)是他的誠(chéng)實(shí)。麻薩諸塞州有其股票不誠(chéng)實(shí)的政客。肯尼迪的錢幫助讓他知道的廣泛關(guān)注。肯尼迪家族的大曼聯(lián)為他的演講和公開露面,也有助于贏得很多選票。最重要的是,約翰自己下定決心要成功,因?yàn)樗偸鞘?沒有什么可以阻止他。他工作非常努力,有少的睡眠。他走進(jìn)房屋、商店、工廠、酒店、無(wú)論他可能會(huì)遇到一他答應(yīng)工作為窮人提供更好的條件——更好的待遇、房；他不認(rèn)為自己是一個(gè)富人的兒子；他表明他很樂意幫這不能幫助自己選舉,他還是很容易被派往華盛頓為美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)議員。

從那時(shí)起,約翰·肯尼迪,他的嚴(yán)肅態(tài)度和容易的魅力,變成了金色的男孩的美國(guó)政治。他不能失去。6年之后他回到了華盛頓,國(guó)會(huì)議員在更重要的工作從麻薩諸塞州的參議員。

后來在1960年,他當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)的最富有的和世界上最強(qiáng)大的國(guó)家。在四十三歲的他是最年輕的總統(tǒng)有過,第一位是天主教徒。肯尼迪家族,年輕、有才華、有吸引力,像一個(gè)皇室家庭。當(dāng)下、約翰的可愛的妻子杰奎琳是完美的年輕的皇后。肯尼迪家族還粘在一起。約翰的兄弟羅伯特,年齡35歲了,現(xiàn)在成了他最信任的顧問和國(guó)家的司法部長(zhǎng)。

三年后,肯尼迪總統(tǒng)死了。他被一個(gè)刺客,他騎他的妻子一個(gè)開著車穿過街道的德克薩斯州的達(dá)拉斯。是什么使得他,在如此短的時(shí)間作為總統(tǒng),這樣一個(gè)明亮的光點(diǎn)在美國(guó)政治場(chǎng)面?他為什么比總統(tǒng)更出名的壽命長(zhǎng)和表現(xiàn)得更多?約翰·肯尼迪什么名字代表什么? 也許答案是可以發(fā)現(xiàn)在與他的哥哥,司法部長(zhǎng),他試圖確保法律對(duì)他的國(guó)家給黑人與白人平等的機(jī)會(huì)。這是時(shí)間,他說,讓它“明確一切種族沒有發(fā)生在美國(guó)生活或法律”。他試過了,沒有成功,為了獲得更好的醫(yī)療照顧老人。他想改善教育。歷史已經(jīng)開始顯示肯尼迪,作為美國(guó)總統(tǒng),嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤。這是在自由之名,他帶領(lǐng)他的國(guó)家的深入研究,其殘酷的,是沒有希望的越南戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

這是肯尼迪,這個(gè)人,他把他的郵票貼在1960年代早期的世界。而不是疲倦的老人帶領(lǐng)大多數(shù)的國(guó)家,一個(gè)新的明星已上升。一個(gè)明亮的、有才華、勇敢的年輕人,他能做很多事情做好,選擇了政治的簡(jiǎn)陋的生活因?yàn)樗胍粋€(gè)美好的世界。從而讓每個(gè)人。他使人——特別是美國(guó)人——認(rèn)為更好的自己,因?yàn)樗瞧渲兄弧?/p>

他非常欽佩什么樣的勇氣使人獨(dú)自站在一邊的東西他們認(rèn)為是正確的。有一次,當(dāng)他從傷病中恢復(fù)生病,他寫了一本關(guān)于人的例子的那種勇氣。他是一個(gè)例子,它自己。

5.一支步槍,一把斧頭和一袋玉米

一支步槍,一把斧頭和一袋玉米。這是一場(chǎng)激烈的戰(zhàn)斗的武器——而鼓起了勇氣,一場(chǎng)斗爭(zhēng),在其中只有強(qiáng)者存活。

不像往常一樣跑的戰(zhàn)役,這不是一個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗中的一個(gè)有組織的軍隊(duì)向另一個(gè)人,這是一個(gè)更優(yōu)越的之間的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的男人、女人和孩子在這邊、未知的荒野的。

從1770年到1840年西方運(yùn)動(dòng)了一把人們成百上千。成群的土地避難者涌入密西西比河流域。它成為牛群。單身男人打包及左、家庭卷走了整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)收拾起自己的東西,離開了。美國(guó)是在移動(dòng)。在1770年有五千人阿巴拉契亞山脈以西。1840年,共有八百萬(wàn)數(shù)百萬(wàn)數(shù)百萬(wàn)英畝的土地被移動(dòng)的部落。

從來沒有見過這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)的世界。這是一個(gè)永無(wú)止境的小溪。城鎮(zhèn)和村莊幾乎在一夜之間拔地而起。“愉悅山在杰斐遜,俄亥俄州,是在1810年一個(gè)小哈姆雷特的7個(gè)住在船艙。在1815年,它包含90個(gè)家庭編號(hào)500的靈魂,有7個(gè)商店和3個(gè)酒館,是從議事廳,校舍,market-house、機(jī)器為紡羊毛、工廠制作線、40工匠和力學(xué)代表11交易。”

在1817年約翰Calhoun說:“我們是偉大的,并迅速——我想說的是恐懼-成長(zhǎng)。“也許恐懼是正確的字。

單獨(dú)的數(shù)字呼的故事。密歇根州有

1810年:4000人 1820年:8000人 1830年:31000人 1840年:212000人

這只有三十年了!這是驚人的。擴(kuò)大的線條,移動(dòng),移動(dòng),曾經(jīng)向西移動(dòng)。從這個(gè)巨大的大小西進(jìn)運(yùn)動(dòng)人們很自然地會(huì)想去西方世界上最容易的工作。一點(diǎn)也不。大多數(shù)這些感人的人移動(dòng)主要是因?yàn)橛泻苌倩蚋緵]有錢,所以長(zhǎng)毛絨的座位在快速火車旅行將使得在二十四小時(shí)內(nèi)不適合自己的;此外,火車如同我們知道他們根本不存在任何、金錢或不是。高超的混凝土路面我們熟悉甚至沒有夢(mèng)想,卡車和汽車襯墊減振器、舒適的彈簧和橡膠輪胎,在七十五年后的未來。沒有,因?yàn)檫@些早期的拓荒者,去西部他們想做的事情,而不是因?yàn)樗侨菀椎娜プ觥０屠鮼喩矫},雖然不高的落基山脈,然而,一個(gè)真正的障礙。

河流穿越群山是正確的,當(dāng)然,有很大幫助。但是旅行者不得不福特小溪,使他的家人和牛在并不是很簡(jiǎn)單的。有時(shí)候一個(gè)夏天雨水會(huì)膨脹成一座山溪,要用毀滅的篩籮。然后穿過是很危險(xiǎn)的。總是有害怕攻擊印第安人。一旦安全跑過山,會(huì)是一個(gè)更容易一些。然后整個(gè)家庭、丈夫、妻子、兒女、牲畜可以上漂流或龍骨船浮在一條河,與當(dāng)前的下游。不幸的是,因?yàn)橛心敲炊嗟娜苏诼猛疚鞑?很難弄到的一條船馬上。既然每個(gè)人都在移動(dòng)時(shí)工人很難找到。經(jīng)常旅行的家庭將會(huì)等待幾周之前,其船建造。并且,永遠(yuǎn),甚至當(dāng)向河的下游漂去,突然襲擊的危險(xiǎn)的印第安人在岸邊。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)原因,許多flatboats完全封閉的四周,以便他們看起來像漂浮城堡。

無(wú)論這條路是夠?qū)挕ⅠR車被使用。但許多人買不起甚至是原始的,不舒服的馬車的時(shí)候。看到一家人走幾百英里步行是一種司空見慣。通常就是可憐的觀看。“一個(gè)家庭的8從緬因州到印地安那州一路走到伊頓,爸爸。(約415英里),他們到達(dá)晚在二月,拖著孩子們和他們的世俗財(cái)物一只手上推車。來自羅德島州的一個(gè)鐵匠在死寂的冬天在麻薩諸塞州到奧爾巴尼(約200英里)。在一個(gè)小輪車四板材一英尺的直徑都有些衣服,一些食物和兩個(gè)孩子。它背后沿著母親帶著個(gè)嬰兒在乳腺癌和7其他孩子在她身邊。“這花了那樣的勇氣去面對(duì)困難。

不,再遠(yuǎn)不是一件容易的事。這是一個(gè)生活充滿艱辛。稍后,在全國(guó)建立了道路汽船代替了flatboats和印地安人終于推回到足夠遠(yuǎn)的危險(xiǎn)性,即使那時(shí)旅程有其困難和危險(xiǎn)。然而成群結(jié)隊(duì)的人們還在繼續(xù)推動(dòng)西部。盡管偶爾地產(chǎn)公司幫助移民去的土地,他們想要出售的,有時(shí)團(tuán)體的鄰居來自東部城鎮(zhèn)會(huì)團(tuán)結(jié)起來、旅游于一體,不過西方就填滿了,在大多數(shù)情況下,由不同的家庭。丈夫、妻子和孩子,渴望自己的土地,這是最常見的單位,冒著危險(xiǎn)的旅行,去爬山,跋涉在創(chuàng)新,飄落河流,雕刻了一個(gè)家密集的荒野。

6．看世界

我在英國(guó)劍橋?qū)W習(xí)期間有4周的復(fù)活節(jié)假期，便作出了將生活必需品扔進(jìn)行囊前往“歐洲大陸”的決定。在因特網(wǎng)上簡(jiǎn)單地搜索了一下，就找到了一張從倫敦斯坦斯特德機(jī)場(chǎng)到柏林的廉價(jià)機(jī)票。幾天后我就站在了柏林舍那費(fèi)爾特機(jī)場(chǎng)的德國(guó)移民局官員面前，拿著我的中國(guó)護(hù)照和其他旅行文件。隨著他“砰”的一聲在我的申根簽證上蓋了戳，我就可以自由地在歐洲大部分地區(qū)漫游了。

背著行囊到各個(gè)國(guó)家旅行，這在西方年輕人當(dāng)中極為流行，但在亞洲青年當(dāng)中還不普遍。西方人長(zhǎng)期以來就喜歡探索“神秘的東方”，但在我們東方人中卻很少有人對(duì)“神秘的西方”有真正的體驗(yàn)。在此我不想揣測(cè)這一特有現(xiàn)象的背后原因，我只想解釋一下一位21歲的中國(guó)學(xué)生是如何背著行囊獨(dú)自完成了一次奇妙的歐洲之旅。

到了歐洲大陸后的當(dāng)務(wù)之急就是需要現(xiàn)鈔，但不是我存在中國(guó)銀行賬戶里的人民幣，也不是美國(guó)賬戶里的美元，怎樣才能得到歐元呢？我找到了一個(gè)ATM自動(dòng)提款機(jī)，把我的銀行卡插進(jìn)去，不一會(huì)兒歐元就進(jìn)了我的錢包，國(guó)際金融體系已經(jīng)使旅行者能相當(dāng)方便地獲得當(dāng)?shù)刎泿拧Ｖ袊?guó)人只要有國(guó)際上認(rèn)可的借記卡（如VISA卡、Master卡）就能以當(dāng)前的兌換率從歐洲的ATM機(jī)中換出歐元，兌換率比去當(dāng)?shù)氐耐鈪R兌換處還要優(yōu)惠，而你在國(guó)內(nèi)銀行存的是人民幣也沒有關(guān)系，一樣能換。

我們中國(guó)人一說到出國(guó)旅行，一個(gè)令人生畏的問題就會(huì)蹦出來———語(yǔ)言怎么辦？這個(gè)問題在我們想去歐洲時(shí)就會(huì)更為可怕，因?yàn)闅W洲的每一個(gè)國(guó)家?guī)缀醵加兴约旱恼Z(yǔ)言———荷蘭語(yǔ)、捷克語(yǔ)、法語(yǔ)、德語(yǔ)、希臘語(yǔ)、意大利語(yǔ)、葡萄牙語(yǔ)、西班牙語(yǔ)，還有很多很多其他語(yǔ)言。但不必害怕：如果你的英語(yǔ)很好，就能很容易地應(yīng)對(duì)一切。歐洲的很多標(biāo)志和大多數(shù)旅行文件都有英文譯文，而且歐洲人的英語(yǔ)水平也越來越高。此外，一些重要詞匯在很多歐洲語(yǔ)言中都差不多，比如，當(dāng)你需要用衛(wèi)生間（英文是toilet）時(shí)，在法國(guó)你就去找toilette，在德國(guó)就是Toilette，在意大利是toletta，在葡萄牙是toalete。盡管如此，知道一點(diǎn)兒當(dāng)?shù)卣Z(yǔ)言絕對(duì)有幫助，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)厝讼矚g你能夠說幾個(gè)哪怕是極簡(jiǎn)單的詞，像法語(yǔ)中的“你好”是bonjour，意大利語(yǔ)中的“謝謝”是grazie，德語(yǔ)中的“對(duì)不起，請(qǐng)?jiān)彙笔莈ntschuldigung。

令人遺憾的是，有時(shí)你不知道想說的詞該怎么說，那是否就意味著談話要結(jié)束了？非也。即便你的詞庫(kù)已經(jīng)窮盡了，你還有最后一招，也常常是很有意思的一招———身體語(yǔ)言。在參觀了“東部畫廊”———柏林墻所遺留下的最長(zhǎng)的部分，我來到一個(gè)輕軌車站下面的小餐館坐下，那里的人們幾乎都不說英語(yǔ)，他們的德語(yǔ)也有著很怪的口音，所以我進(jìn)去之后就沒有與他們過多地交談。我在菜單上的好幾處都看到“Ente”一詞，但我在耶魯大學(xué)的德語(yǔ)課上從來沒學(xué)過這個(gè)詞，便問服務(wù)員Ente是什么。他撓撓腦袋，環(huán)顧四周，急切地尋求幫助，但是柜臺(tái)后面的人們聳聳肩，搖搖頭，就在我剛想說“不必介意”時(shí)，他開始晃著屁股，并且發(fā)出“嘎嘎”的聲音———鴨子！肯定是鴨子！他的啞劇表演非常有效地把Ente的意思表達(dá)了出來，與此同時(shí)，這種身體語(yǔ)言帶來了神奇的打破堅(jiān)冰般的效果，就餐氣氛活躍多了。

為了輕裝旅行，我總是盡量不帶重的東西，但有一樣有分量的東西我總是帶在身邊，那就是旅游手冊(cè)。我從旅游手冊(cè)《去歐洲》一書中獲得了有關(guān)我要去的目的地、旅舍及交通的大部分信息。在背囊旅行者中大受歡迎的另一套旅游手冊(cè)是《孤獨(dú)的星球》系列叢書。凡是有重要的旅游點(diǎn)的地方，這些書里都標(biāo)有地圖，書里還提供大量的有關(guān)旅舍、旅館、餐廳、酒吧等處的信息，因此旅游者總有選擇的余地。書上還有公共交通的詳細(xì)地圖，汽車與火車的班次、票價(jià)以及從一地到另一地所需要的時(shí)間，這就使你能夠做出一個(gè)很好的計(jì)劃。有些旅游手冊(cè)與當(dāng)?shù)氐穆蒙岷筒蛷d還有很好的合作，只要在柜臺(tái)前晃一下那本旅游手冊(cè)，你就能得到優(yōu)惠。我在奧地利薩爾斯堡的時(shí)候，住旅舍每天省了4歐元，在餐廳吃飯能打9折，這都是因?yàn)槲矣幸槐尽度W洲》。好的旅游手冊(cè)會(huì)列出旅行中所涉及的幾乎所有的價(jià)格，從而幫你做出預(yù)算。很多手冊(cè)還贊助對(duì)旅游者很有幫助的網(wǎng)站，旅游者可以在網(wǎng)上報(bào)告當(dāng)前的價(jià)格，并且發(fā)表自己對(duì)旅舍與餐廳的評(píng)論。因此，務(wù)必要做的一件事就是在出發(fā)之前帶上一本高質(zhì)量的最新出版的旅游手冊(cè)，這對(duì)你會(huì)大有幫助。

7關(guān)于英雄

這個(gè)詞的英雄會(huì)混淆,因?yàn)樗?有好幾個(gè)意義。它常用于普通百姓發(fā)生在執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)行動(dòng)的極大的勇氣——一個(gè)消防員撲救的人一天的主要角色,小說或電影被稱為英雄的故事,即使他并不特別勇敢。但英雄輩出,我們也會(huì)考慮現(xiàn)在構(gòu)成第三集團(tuán)。他們是巨人,其優(yōu)越性數(shù)據(jù)填補(bǔ)了我們的心的贊嘆和敬畏,男人和女人給我們一個(gè)高的例子去追隨,有個(gè)生活目標(biāo),或者有時(shí)僅僅是一個(gè)夢(mèng),因?yàn)樗麄兇砹巳?我們?cè)敢狻?/p>

人類總是有這樣的英雄。有些已經(jīng)建造的救助者或他們的國(guó)家,像喬治華盛頓,誰(shuí)給一代又一代的美國(guó)人他們的模型的決心,無(wú)私和榮譽(yù)。有些宗教領(lǐng)袖或漂亮女人;征服者自居,運(yùn)動(dòng)員,或先驅(qū);小說人物或革命者,圣徒,罪人,可愛的強(qiáng)盜,或電影明星。不管他們,他們都榮耀,顯示方式下對(duì)他們的追隨者。渴望值得他們能將最好的一面呈現(xiàn)他們的崇拜者。近年發(fā)表的許多文章,聲稱沒有更多的英雄在西方世界。作者說,特別是在歐洲和北美,現(xiàn)代的年輕人拒絕崇拜任何人,我們生活在一個(gè)世界太靈通,太好奇展示給我們的過失公眾人物誰(shuí)能成為今天的明星,直到我們失去信心,開始尋找缺陷的人似乎值得尊敬的。在一個(gè)鄰居或一個(gè)政治家,我們?cè)囍l(fā)現(xiàn)我們的弱點(diǎn),失敗,或丑陋的動(dòng)機(jī),無(wú)疑是隱藏他的高尚的行為。

這是真的,我們知道得太多了?我們的祖先是幸運(yùn)的是只是部分通知嗎? 那些讀第一查理曼的傳記,喬治華盛頓,圣女貞德、或其他偉大的男性和女性的過去并沒有被告知他們心目中的英雄也有異味或不喜歡他的母親,他們只找到一個(gè)描述他的偉大成就和仰慕得到加強(qiáng)。事實(shí)上,早期的傳記作者毫不猶豫地組成了一個(gè)極佳的兩個(gè)故事關(guān)于他們的英雄。人寫第一本傳記的華盛頓,例如,發(fā)明了一棵櫻桃樹下,他承認(rèn)后,無(wú)真相,但他說那是在性格上,它將會(huì)給年輕人的神的例子來跟隨。他的讀者似乎不對(duì)象;書再版八十極大的成功,那些日子。

現(xiàn)代傳記作者不發(fā)明這樣的故事,他們尊重事實(shí),正如他們確實(shí)應(yīng)該。但我們支付的價(jià)格為其真實(shí)性,因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)谂︼@示“完整的人”,他們告訴我們,比我們真的需要知道關(guān)于私人生活、家庭秘密,人類的弱點(diǎn)。真正的偉大的一個(gè)好的人,常常被人們忘記在顯示;人們失去的不只是仰慕他,但他們?cè)敢庀嘈湃魏纹渌懊餍恰蓖耆?/p>

在備注中可以清楚地看到了一群高中生,在家開轟趴洛杉磯附近,那些被要求他們所欣賞。“沒有,”一個(gè)年輕人說:“因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)缙诘膶?duì)象被毀。我們想要相信了我們所有的缺點(diǎn)和缺陷,使得很難信任的歷史的英雄。”“另一個(gè)學(xué)生,一個(gè)女孩,補(bǔ)充說,“我們?cè)噲D模仿是未知的成年人, 在我們的生活中。而不是夢(mèng)想就像一些著名的女某個(gè)地方,我要像我媽媽最好的朋友,就是沒有人在這個(gè)房間里就會(huì)知道。但是我也知道并且欣賞她,那是對(duì)我來說夠了。”

一種英雄的品質(zhì)要求隨著時(shí)代,和一些偉大人物的一個(gè)特定的時(shí)期會(huì)驚喜的新一代。考慮爆炸的愛和悲傷的死亡后,約翰·列儂于1980年12月。很少引起死亡的悲痛,這樣的悲哀,在很多國(guó)家在整個(gè)世界的歷史。毫無(wú)疑問,列儂為他的哀悼者是一個(gè)英雄。為什么? 他做那件事是如此顯著? “約翰不僅僅是一個(gè)音樂家,”有人說他的崇拜者。“他知道如何表達(dá)我這一代的感情在1960年代晚期。他是我們的聲音和我們的指引;他改變了我們?cè)谶^去的幾年里,總是有點(diǎn)在我們的前方,他為我們打開新的視野和鼓勵(lì)我們的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)遠(yuǎn),敢。我們談到了愛與和平;他是一個(gè)大哥哥。我們需要在一個(gè)麻煩的時(shí)間。“有些列儂的仰慕者可能已經(jīng)知道他并不是完美的,但他們卻忽視他的黑暗的一面保持感激做出積極的貢獻(xiàn)比他在他們的生活。肯定有很多人不認(rèn)為約翰·列儂一個(gè)英雄,事實(shí)上有一個(gè)極低的對(duì)他的看法。但這是不尋常的,一個(gè)人的英雄是另一個(gè)人的惡棍。認(rèn)為所有的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人,革命者,征服者非常尊重的一個(gè)國(guó)家,一個(gè)宗教團(tuán)體,或一代,藐視或受人恨。

電視和電影提供許多淺英雄,他們年輕的觀眾。很多家長(zhǎng)都不看到孩子的欽佩超人。《蜘蛛俠》,或者有些奢侈搖滾歌手沒有想法或人才。但這樣的英雄不會(huì)持續(xù)很長(zhǎng),幾年后日益增長(zhǎng)的青少年嘲笑這些對(duì)象他們年幼的贊賞。他們開始尋找更好地指導(dǎo)。無(wú)論他們?cè)趺凑f。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)他們。學(xué)生誰(shuí)是有足夠的智慧去認(rèn)識(shí)素質(zhì)在她媽媽的朋友有一個(gè)完美的主人公自己的,一個(gè)是更容易模仿比喬治華盛頓或克拉拉?巴頓。

很難成為一個(gè)英雄在西方世界的這些日子里,在探索的目光中,對(duì)這一至關(guān)重要的社會(huì)。但肯定的是最不完全消失;還有人比他們的同胞的智慧,他們的勇氣,或他們的個(gè)性。他們可以成為英雄,如果人們?cè)敢夂鲆曀鼈兊娜祟惾毕荨⒊姓J(rèn)的尊重他們的優(yōu)良品質(zhì)激勵(lì)。到處都需要英雄,在任何時(shí)候。這是一個(gè)悲哀的天空沒有閃爍的明星。