第一篇：英語中六大從句用法總結

英語中六大從句用法總結

1.主語從句

1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置，如果從句較長，謂語又較短，可用it作形式主語，而將從句放在句末。常見的句型有：

*It is a facta pitya questiongood news that...*It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that...*It is clearimportantlikelypossible that...*It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that...It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.It seems that the performance is very useful.2)what引導的主語從句表示“...的東西時”，一般不用it作形式主語。

What we lack is experience.3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義，但它們引導的主語從句，都用陳述語序。

How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.I did know why I felt like crying.2.賓語從句

1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。in that(因為),except that(除了),but that(只是）已構成固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。

*I promised that I would change the situation.*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.2)賓語從句后如有賓補，要用形式賓語it來代替，而把賓語從句移至賓補之后。

He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞后的賓語從句中，如果謂語是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂語上，賓語從句則變成肯定形式。

He didn't think that the money was well spent.3.表語從句

表語從句出現在結構為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外，還可由because,as if(though)等引導。that常可省略。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句，不可用because.Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.4.同位語從句

同位語從句用于對前面出現的名詞作進一步說明，一般用連詞that引導，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導。常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短，將同位語從句位于謂語之后。

She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.The news came that their team had won the championship.5.定語從句

定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是一個句子。定語從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關系代詞或關系副詞引導。

*限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句修飾先行詞，對先行詞起修飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無逗號，若省去，原句意思不完整。引導定語從句的關系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有時也可指物，相當于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語從句中。關系代詞除了引導定語從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔任主語、賓語、定語等。

The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.1)當先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時，只能用關系代詞that引導從句。

That is all that I've heard from him.He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.2)關系代詞的省略

在從句中作賓語的關系代詞常可省略。關系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞賓語時不可用that，只可用which或whom引導從句，并且不可省略，但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時，作為介詞賓語的關系代詞仍可用that，也可省略。

This is one of those things with which we have to put up.This is one of those things(whichthat)we have to put up with.3)引導定語從句的關系副詞有when,where,why等。關系副詞在從句中作狀語，意義上相當于一個“介詞+which”的結構。

Even in comic books where(=in which)there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.No one knows the reason why(=for which)he was so angry that day.*非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個主句，起補充說明作用，與主句之間有逗號隔開，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可用that引導非限制性定語從句。關系詞不可省略。

Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.*“介詞+whichwhomwhose”引導的定語從句

“介詞+whichwhomwhose”可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句，該結構中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配，或先行詞的習慣搭配。

This is the computer on which he spent all his savings

It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.*as引導的定語從句

as引導的定語從句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的結構中，代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導非限制性定語從句時，代替整個主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。

These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行詞problems)

As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主語)

6.狀語從句

*時間狀語從句

引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。

We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no sooner...than,each(every)time,the moment,immediately(that)等。

As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.*地點狀語從句

引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.*原因、結果和目的狀語從句

1）引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。

Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.2)引導結果狀語從句的連詞有：so...that,such...that ,so that,that,so等。

Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.3)引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態動詞。

We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.*條件和讓步狀語從句

1）引導條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so)long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing)that,supposing等。

As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.2)引導讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引導狀語從句可轉換成含有as的部分倒裝結構，具有強調意義。其結構為“形容詞（副詞、動詞、名詞）+as+主語+謂語”。

No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)

*方式狀語從句

引導方式狀語從句的連詞有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反。

The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.總結

從句（Subordinate Clause）是復合句中不能獨立成句，但具有主語部分和謂語部分，由that、who、when等引導詞（Connective）引導的非主句部分。[編輯本段]分類

從句有主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句、定語從句和狀語從句6類。前四類由于主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句及同位語從句在句子的功用相當于名詞，所以通稱名詞性從句；后兩類定語從句和狀語從句功用相當于形容詞，稱為形容詞性從句。狀語從句還可以分為條件狀語從句、原因狀語從句、方位狀語從句和時間狀語從句。

1.主語從句（Subject Clause）：用作主語的從句叫主語從句。引導主語從句的關聯詞有從屬連詞、疑問代詞、疑問副詞、縮合連接代詞、縮合連接副詞等。

2.表語從句（Predicative Clause）：用作表語的從句叫表語從句。引導表語從句的關聯詞與引導主語從句的關聯詞大都一樣。

3.賓語從句（Object Clause）：在句子中起賓語作用的從句叫做賓語從句.賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。[編輯本段]賓語從句

第一部分

一.、定義：

賓語從句就是一個句子作動詞或介詞的賓語。

二、學習賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態。

連接詞一般都是that(指事務或人),which（指事）,who（指人）

1．從句為陳述句，常選擇連接詞that或將that省略，直接與主句相連。

2．從句為一般疑問句，常選擇連接詞if或whether。在whether…or not結構中不能用if替換。

3．從句為特殊疑問句，常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代、副詞作連接詞。

★當who為主語時，句式為：who+謂語+其他

判斷時態情況：

1.主句是一般現在時，從句為各種時態情況

2.主句是一般過去時，從句為各種相應過去時態注意：從句描繪客觀事實，用一般現在時

3.主句是一般將來時，一般從句為一般現在時（“主將從現”）

例題：

〈1.The teacher told the children that the sun＿＿＿＿ round.A.was B.is C.were D.are

〈2.I believe that our team＿＿＿＿ the basketball match.A.win B.won C.will win D.wins

〈3.I don’t know＿＿＿＿ to visit the old man.A.whether B.if C.that D.who

〈4.The soldiers soon reached()was once an old temple()the villagers used as a school.A.which;where B.what;which C.where;which D.what;where

答4：選B，動詞reach后接賓語從句，從句缺少賓語，where不可，which引導賓語從句時表疑問含義“哪一個…”而此句中并非疑問含義，不知道哪一座廟宇，而是用what從句表陳述含義，意“過去的一座舊廟宇”；temple后為對其修飾的定語從句，用關系代詞which代替，并在從句中作動詞used的賓語，use sth.as…“把…用作…

賓語從句，在復合句中作賓語，位于及物動詞后；

Tell him which class you are in ．

Do you know what he likes？

(1)主、從句時態一致：

主句謂語過去時，從句相應過去時；

He answered that he was listening to me.主句謂語現在時，從句時態任所需；

He says(that)he will leave a message on my desk.They know(that)he is working hard.具體過去永不變，真理格言現在時；

He told me that he was born in 1980.Father told me that practice makes perfect.（2）否定前移，及完成反意問句；

在think / believe / suppose / guess / imagine / expect等動詞后跟賓語從句否定式時，應轉移到主句上去，完成反意疑問句時，應與從句主、謂保持一致。（注: 否定前移的條件是，主句主語是第一人稱）

I don't think you are right ,are you ?

I don't believe they have finished their work yet,have they ?

（3）在表示建議 suggest , advise

要求demand、desire、require、request、propose；

決定 decide;命令 order、command;堅決主張 insist;

等動詞后跟賓語從句，用（should）+v．（虛擬語氣）

eg． I suggested that you（should）study hard．

He ordered that we should go out at once．

（4）如果賓語從句后有賓語補足語，用it作形式賓語，把賓語從句后置

eg．You may think it strange that he would live there．

（5）賓語從句that常可省略，但在以下情況下不能省略

A．當主句謂語動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時，可以省略第一個that，其他不能省略。

eg．I believe（that）you have done your best and that things will get bet?鄄ter．

B．當it作形式賓語時

eg．She made it clear that she had nothing to do with him．

C．當賓語從句前置時

eg．That our team will win，I believe．

三、分類

A、作動詞的賓語:

eg．I heard the news

I 主語 heard 謂語動詞 the news.名詞作賓語

I主語 heard 謂語動詞 that he would come here later on.一個句子作賓語---賓語從句

B、作介詞的賓語:

eg．He said nothing about this plan。

He主語 said 謂語動詞 nothing 代詞作動詞的賓語 about 介詞 the plan.名詞作介詞的賓語

四、帶有賓語從句的復合句的構成:

帶有賓語從句的復合句就是用連接詞把一個主句和一個賓語從句連接在一起。連接詞有：that(可省略)，what, who, when, where, why, which, if, whether, how.五、注意：

A 賓語從句必須用陳述語序。

False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.B 有時候可以用it 作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語從句放在后面。

Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.C 帶有賓語從句的復合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。

Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.D False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.4.同位語從句（Appositive Clause）： 與先行詞同位或等同的從句叫作同位語從句。其關聯詞多為that。

5.定語從句（Attributive Clause）：用作定語的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般皆放在被它所修飾的名（代）詞之后，這種名（代）詞就叫作先行詞（Antecedent）。引導定語從句的關聯詞為關系代詞(或稱引導詞、關系詞等）。關系代詞在定語從句中可用作主語、賓語、定語等；關系副詞在定語從句中用作狀語。

①引導定語從句的關聯詞有who, whom, whose, that, when, where, why 和 which.在非限制定語從句中, 只可用which, who, whose, where , when., 如果指代前面整個句子, 多用which.例句：

The dog that/which was lost has been found.（失蹤的狗已經找到了。）

Those who are in favor of the proposal are expected to discuss it in detail after the meeting.（有人認為那些對這個提案有興趣的人最好是在會后再具體討論它。）

There are many organizations whose purpose is to help the homeless.（存在著許多旨在幫助無家可歸者的組織。）

The days when we had to rely on wool, cotton or silk for our clothes have now passed.（那種必須依賴羊毛，棉花或者蠶絲做衣服的日子已經過去了。）

Air moves from places where the pressure was high to places where the pressure is low.（空氣從壓強高的地方流向壓強低的地方。）

This is the reason why he refused to help us.（這就是他拒絕幫助我們的原因。）

He was born in 1976, when an earthquake struck the country.（他出生于1976年，這一年這個城鎮發生了地震。）

They turned a blind eye to the suffering of the people, which enraged all of us.（他們對受苦人們的漠視激怒了我們。）

② 當引導定語從句的先行詞前有all, any, no, little, much, very first 等詞, 或先行詞前為形容詞最高級所修飾時,或先行詞為all, anything, nothing, something, everything 時,從句的引導詞只能用that.The only thing that matters to the children is how soon they can have their holiday.（孩子們唯一關心的是他們什么時候放假。）

These are the very points that puzzle me.（真正困擾我的是這些觀點。）

Is there anything that bothers you?（有什么事煩著你嗎？）

This is the best film that was ever produced by the company.（這部是那個公司有史以來拍攝得最好的電影。）

③as 可做引導詞引導定語從句, 多和such, the same 連用.As 引導的定語從句也可修飾整個句子, 既可放在先行詞后,也可放在句子開頭.例句：

Such people as you describe are rare nowadays.（你描述的那一類人現在很少了。）

The boy was run over by a motor-car, as often happened in pre-liberation Shanghai.（那個男孩被一輛摩托軋過去了，這種事在解放前的上海是不少見的。）

As is often the case, the girl forgot to bring her dictionary.（正如往常一樣，這個女孩又忘了帶上字典。）

We are opposed to such ideas as are not based upon objective facts.（我們是反對這種毫無事實根據的想法的。）

④介詞+which/whom/whose從句

The driver is the man from whose room she had stolen the gold watch.（她就是從那個司機的房間偷了金表的。）

Language is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other.（語言就是人們用來和其他人交流的一種工具。）

Jane spent all evening talking about her latest book, of which none of us had ever heard.（Jane一晚上都在談論著也最近學課本，那些內容我們聞所未聞。）

例題：

Water dissolves a part of nearly everything _______ it comes in contact.a.where b.that c with which d as soon as

⑤代/名+介詞+which 從句

He is needing a book, the name of which I don't know.（他需要一本書，但是我不知道書名。）

In factories and in our daily life, there are many waste materials, all of which can he turned into useful things under certain condition.（在工廠里，在我們的日常生活中都有很多垃圾，其實這些垃圾在某種情況下是可以轉變為有用的東西的。）

To make an objective test the teacher writes a series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer.（為了能夠客觀地測試，老師寫了一串答案唯一的問題。）

⑥同位語從句和定語從句

The news that he has been admitted by Harvard University is very pleasing.（他被哈佛大學錄取的消息非常令人興奮。）

The news that you told me was really exciting.（你告訴我的好個消息真的是很激動人心。）

⑦ 難句:

NO.1He is one of the men who were chosen to represent the group.（他是被選為代表該團隊的人中一員。）

NO.2He is the only one of those boys who is willing to take on another assignment.（他是那些男孩中唯一一個愿意再接受任務的人。）

NO.3I shall never forget the day when we first met.第二部分

一、時態

1·主句用一般現在時，從句可用任意時態。

2·主句用過去時，從句用過去某個時態。

3·主句用過去時，從句是真理時，只用一般現在時。

二、賓語從句的幾類連接詞：

①從屬連詞

連接賓語從句的從屬連詞主要有that，if，whether.that引導表示陳述句的賓語從句,而if和whether引導表示“是否”的賓語從句.例句：

He told that he would go to the college the next year

他告訴我他下一年上大學.I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.我不知道是否還會有公交車.Nobody knew whether he could pass the exam.沒人知道他是否會通過考試.②連接代詞

連接代詞主要有who, whom ,whose ,what ,whoever ,whomever ,whosever, whatever, whichever等.連接代詞一般指疑問,但what, whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述.例句：

Do you know who has won Red Alert game?

你知道誰贏了這一局紅警游戲嗎?

I don’t know whom you should depend on.我不知道你該依靠誰.The book will show you what the best CEOs know.這本書會告訴你最好的執行總裁該了解些什么.Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Motorola or Nokia cell phone?

你決定好是買諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎?

③連接副詞

連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.例句：

He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.他沒有告訴我什么時候我們能再見面.Could you please tell me how you read the new panel?

你能展示給我怎么用這個新的操作盤嗎?

None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.沒有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買到.三、動詞的賓語從句

大多數動詞都可以帶賓語從句

We all expect that they will win , for members of their team are stronger.我們都預料他們會贏,因為他們的隊員更強壯.He told us that they would help us though the whole work.他告訴我們在整個工作中,他都會幫忙的.★部分“動詞+副詞”結構也可以帶賓語從句

例句：

I have found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.我發現這場音樂會的所有票都賣光了.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?

你能計算出這次旅行我們將花費多少錢嗎?

★動詞短語也可以帶賓語從句

常見的這些詞有：make sure確保 make up one’s mind下決心 keep in mind牢記

例句：

Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.在上交試卷前確保沒有任何錯誤.四、可運用形式賓語it代替的賓語從句

①動詞find,feel,consider,make,believe等后面有賓語補足語的時候,則需要用it做形式賓語而將that賓語從句后置.例句：

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.我認為每天多喝開水是有必要的.I feel it a pity that I haven’t been to the get-together.我沒去聚會,感覺非常遺憾.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries.我每天寫日記成了習慣.We all find it important that we(should)make a quick decision about this mater.我們都認為對這件事馬上做出決定很重要.②有些動詞帶賓語從句時尋要在賓語與從句前加it

這類動詞主要有:hate, take , owe, have, see to.例句：

I hate it when they with their mouths full of food.我討厭他們滿嘴食物時說話.He will have it that our plan is really practical.他會認為我們的計劃確實可行.We take it that you will agree with us.我們認為你會同意我們的.When you start the engine, you must see to it that car is in neutral.開啟發動機時, 一定要使汽車的離合器處于空擋位置.③若賓語從句是wh-類,則不可用it代替

例句：

We all consider what you said to be unbelievable.我們都認為你所說的是不可信的.We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.我們發現我們所學到的東西都是有用的.五、介詞的賓語從句

用wh-類的介詞賓語從句

例句：

We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我們正在討論是否讓學生加入我們的俱樂部.The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.這本新書是關于神州6號載人航天飛船是如何升如太空的.★用that,if引導的介詞賓語從句有時候except,but,besides三個介詞后可見到that引導的賓語從句

例句：

I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.對于我的新鄰居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一無所知.六、形容詞的賓語從句

常用來引導賓語從句的形容詞有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised

例句：

I am sure I will pass the exam.我確信我會通過考試.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.很抱歉我這么長時間在打擾你.He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.他很高興在他生病的時候李明能去看望他.七、if,whether在賓語從句中的區別

①if和whether在作“是否”解時,引導賓語從句常放在動詞know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介詞后一般不用if

②少數動詞,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的賓語從句常用whether.③whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.④在不定式前只能用whether.如： I can’t decide whether to stay.我不能決定是否留下。

⑤避免歧異時,我們常用whether而不用if.八、哪些賓語從句不可以省略引導詞that

1.當that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時;

2.當賓語從句較長時;

3.當主語狀語置于主句尾,賓語從句之前時;

4.當主語謂語動詞(包括非謂語動詞)與賓語從句之間有插入語時;

5.當一個動詞帶有兩個或兩個以上賓語從句時,此時第一個that可以省略,第二個that不可以省略;

6.當賓語從句中的主語是this,that或this,that做主語的定語時;

7.當賓語從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時;

8.當賓語從句的主語是非謂語動詞或主語從句時;

9.當主語中的謂語動詞是固定詞組時;

10.當賓語從句有it做其先行詞時;

11.在直接引語中,轉述分句把賓語從句隔開時.九、賓語從句的否定轉移

主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,espect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.例句：

I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won’t come to my party.我認為他不會來我的舞會.I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he?

我認為那個人不是Jim所殺的,是不是?

★如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.例句：

We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he?

我們發現他從來不仔細聽老師講課,是不是?

十、賓語從句的時態和語序

當主句為現在時或將來時的時候,賓語從句的時態一般不受主句的時態所影響。

當主句為過去時的時，細分為一下幾種情況：

①從句用一般過去時或過去進行時表示與主句謂語動詞動作同時發生

例句：

I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know what country he was in.我只知道他當時在西方的一個國家讀書,可不知道是哪個國家.He asked me if I was reading the story “The Old Man and the Sea ”when he was in.他問我他進來的時候我是否正在讀<老人與海>.②從句過去完成時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之前

例句：

He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.他告訴我他已經把有關會議的事情告訴的了Mary.③從句謂語用過去將來時表示該動作發生在主句謂語動作之后

例句：

The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.記者問政府是否會采取必要的措施鎮壓騷亂.★如果從句是一個客觀真理,那么從句的時候不根據主句的時態而變化

例句：

The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.老師昨天說月亮繞著地球轉.★當賓語從句的引導詞是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑問時,不能按正常語序安排,經常將這類引導詞置于句首

例句：

Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year?

你認為今年公眾會選誰為他們最喜歡的歌手。[編輯本段]同位語從句

同位語從句用法比較“固定”,把關鍵的幾個詞背下來（下面這個材料供參考）：

一、在復合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞后面，用以說明該名詞表示的具體內容。如：

I heard the news that our team had won．我聽到了我們隊獲勝的消息。

I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在這里。

二、可以跟同位語從句的名詞通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。如：

I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我從王先生那里來，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。

三、英語中引導同位語從句的詞通有連詞 that，whether，連接副詞 how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引導同位語從句。）如：

l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來。

He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必須回答他是否同意這樣一個問題。

四、有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：

Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．

幾年以后，有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視 察他們。

The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．

他突然想起可能敵人已經逃出城了。

五、同位語從句與定語從句的區別。

1、同位語從句與前面的名詞是同位關系，即說明它前面名詞的內容；而定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾關系，即限定它前面的名詞范圍，或補充一些情況。如：

The news that l have passed the exam is true．我通過了考試這一消息是真的。

（同位語從句，即從句所表達的意思就是前面名詞的內容。）

The news that he told me just now is true．他剛才告訴我的消息是真的。

（定語從句，從句對前面名詞起修飾限制作用，即“他告訴我的”那個消息，而不是別的消息。）

2、引導同位語從句的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成份，而引導定語從句的that是關系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語等。如：

The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.計算機能夠識別人的聲音的想法使許多人感到驚奇。（that在從句中不充當任何成份。）

The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的觀點令許多人感到吃驚。

（that在從句中作gave的賓語。）

一個名詞(或其它形式)對另一個名詞或代詞進行修飾，限定或說明，這個名詞(或其它形式)就是同位語。同位語與被它限定的詞的格要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。

1)非獨立的同位語：常出現在被限定詞前

Bruce Lee(姓名)李小龍

Graf Schmidt(稱號，渾名)施密特伯爵

Doktor Wang(職稱，頭銜)王博士

Uncel Liu(親戚的稱呼)劉叔叔

die Stadt Shanghai(類屬名稱)上海市

the Province Hebei(類屬名稱)河北省

das Jahr 2000(類屬名稱)2000 年

three Kilo tomato(度量名稱)三公斤西紅柿

the University Bremen(專有名詞)不來梅大學

第二篇：高中英語中六大從句用法總結

英語中六大從句用法總結

1.主語從句

1）主語從句可直接位于主語的位置，如果從句較長，謂語又較短，可用it作形式主語，而將從句放在句末。常見的句型有：

*It is a facta pitya questiongood news that...*It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that...*It is clearimportantlikelypossible that...*It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that...It is said that comic books create a connection between people of the same generation.It seems that the performance is very useful.2)what引導的主語從句表示“...的東西時”，一般不用it作形式主語。

What we lack is experience.3)what,who,when,why,whether等詞含有各自的疑問意義，但它們引導的主語從句，都用陳述語序。

How the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again.I did know why I felt like crying.2.賓語從句

1）賓語從句可位于及物動詞、介詞和某些形容詞后。連詞that常可省略。介詞后一般接疑問詞引導的賓語從句。in that(因為),except that(除了),but that(只是）已構成固定搭配，其他介詞后一般不接that引導的賓語從句。

*I promised that I would change the situation.*All this is different from what American young people would say about friendship.*He is certain that watching so much television is not good for children.*This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long.2)賓語從句后如有賓補，要用形式賓語it來代替，而把賓語從句移至賓補之后。

He has made it clear that he would not change his mind.3)在think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞后的賓語從句中，如果謂語是否定的，一般將否定詞移至主句謂語上，賓語從句則變成肯定形式。

He didn't think that the money was well spent.3.表語從句

表語從句出現在結構為“主語+系動詞+表語從句”的句子中。表語從句除可用that,what,when,why,whether,how等引導外，還可由because,as if(though)等引導。that常可省略。如主句主語為reason,只能用that引導表語從句，不可用because.Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America.The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies.It looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller.4.同位語從句

同位語從句用于對前面出現的名詞作進一步說明，一般用連詞that引導，由于先行名詞的意義不同，也可用whether,who,when,where,what,why,how等引導。常見的先行名詞有fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion,order,problem,report,decision.有時由于謂語較短，將同位語從句位于謂語之后。

She finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show.I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time.The news came that their team had won the championship.5.定語從句

定語從句所修飾的先行詞可以是名詞或代詞，也可以是一個句子。定語從句通常位于先行詞之后，由關系代詞或關系副詞引導。

*限制性定語從句

限制性定語從句修飾先行詞，對先行詞起修飾作用，緊接先行詞之后，無逗號，若省去，原句意思不完整。引導定語從句的關系代詞有who,whom,whose,which,that等。who,whom,whose用于指人，whose有時也可指物，相當于of which；which用于指物；that既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定語從句中。關系代詞除了引導定語從句，替代先行詞外，還在從句中擔任主語、賓語、定語等。

The computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizations.Those who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to other people.The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother.1)當先行詞是all,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代詞或先行詞前有first,last,any,few,much,some,no,only以及形容詞最高級修飾時，只能用關系代詞that引導從句。

That is all that I've heard from him.He's the first person that I'm going to interview this afternoon.2)關系代詞的省略

在從句中作賓語的關系代詞常可省略。關系代詞緊跟介詞，作介詞賓語時不可用that，只可用which或whom引導從句，并且不可省略，但當介詞位于賓語從句句末時，作為介詞賓語的關系代詞仍可用that，也可省略。

This is one of those things with which we have to put up.This is one of those things(whichthat)we have to put up with.3)引導定語從句的關系副詞有when,where,why等。關系副詞在從句中作狀語，意義上相當于一個“介詞+which”的結構。

Even in comic books where(=in which)there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings.No one knows the reason why(=for which)he was so angry that day.5.定語從句

*非限制性定語從句

非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞，也可修飾整個主句，起補充說明作用，與主句之間有逗號隔開，若省去，原句意思不受影響。不可用that引導非限制性定語從句。關系詞不可省略。

Every object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism.*“介詞+whichwhomwhose”引導的定語從句

“介詞+whichwhomwhose”可引導限制性定語從句，也可引導非限制性定語從句，該結構中介詞的選擇取決于從句謂語動詞的固定搭配，或先行詞的習慣搭配。

This is the computer on which he spent all his savings

It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.*as引導的定語從句

as引導的定語從句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的結構中，代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。as引導非限制性定語從句時，代替整個主句，從句可位于主句之前、之后或中間。

These are not such problems as can be easily solved.(as代替先行詞problems)

As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet.(as代替主語)

6.狀語從句

*時間狀語從句

引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞和詞組有：

1）when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once等。

We have learnt quite a lot about it since we came here.2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)...when,no moment,immediately(that)等。

sooner...than,each(every)

time,the As soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses.The moment he heard the good news,he jumped with joy.*地點狀語從句 引導地點狀語從句的連詞是where,wherever.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her.*原因、結果和目的狀語從句

1）引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞有：because,as,since,now(that),seeing that,considering that,in that等。

Considering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well.2)引導結果狀語從句的連詞有：so...that,such...that ,so that,that,so等。

Mickey Mouse is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave.3)引導目的狀語從句的連詞有：so that,in order that,for fear that,lest等，從句常使用may,might,can,could,would等情態動詞。

We got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station.*條件和讓步狀語從句

1）引導條件狀語從句的連詞和詞組有if,unless,as(so)long as,on condition that,in case,provided(providing)that,supposing等。

As long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit computer data.2)引導讓步狀語從句的連詞和詞組有though,although,whether,even though,even if,no matter what(when,how...),whatever(whenever,wherever,however....)等。though,even if等引導狀語從句可轉換成含有as的部分倒裝結構，具有強調意義。其結構為“形容詞（副詞、動詞、名詞）+as+主語+謂語”。

No matter what you may say,I would not change my mind.Young as he is,he is quite experienced in this work.(=though he is young)Child as he is,he can speak English fluently.(=though he is a child)

*方式狀語從句

引導方式狀語從句的連詞有as,just as,as if,as though等。as if,as though引導的狀語從句中，謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣，表示與事實相反。

The young man made the experiment just as the teacher had taught him.Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.

第三篇：英語從句用法小結

英語從句用法小結

一、主語從句

★ 定義：主語從句時名詞性從句中的一種，指句中的主語是一個完整的句子。

★ 位置：它可以放在主句謂語動詞之前，但多數情況下由it作形式主語，而把主語從句放在主句之后。

★ 連詞：引導主語從句的連詞有that, whether, 連接代詞有who, what, which, 連接副詞有when, where, how, why等。

★ 例句：That she was able to come made us very happy.Whether she will come or not is still a question.What we need is more time.Who will go makes no difference.Which team will win the match is still unknown.When they will start is not known yet.Where she has gone is a mystery.How this happened is not clear.Why he did that wasn’t.★ 引導主語從句的that不作成分，但不能省略。★ 由it作形式主語，常用句型有：

It is +名詞/形容詞/過去分詞+主語從句

It is still a question whether she will come or not.It is strange that you should like him.It is still unknown which team will win the match.此外，還有以下常用結構： It turned out that… 結果是… It has been found that…已經發現… It has been proved that…已經證明… It happened/occurred that…恰好… It is well-known that…據說…

It is said/reported that…據說/據報道… It must be pointed out that…必須指出… It doesn’t matter whether…是否…都沒關系 It makes no difference whether…是否…毫無區別

二、表語從句

★ 定義：表語是一個完整的句子。，由引導，有時可省略that.★ 位置：從句位于系動詞之后。

★ 連詞：引導標語從句的連詞有that，whether, as if, 代詞who, what, which, 副詞when, where, how, why等。

★ 例句：That fact is(that)she never liked him.It could be this part of the ice sheet is not necessarily sensitive to golbal warming.這可能是此處的冰層覆蓋對全球變暖不那么敏感。

The question is who can complete the difficult task.★ 注意：用because引導的標語從句僅限于以下一個句型 This/That/It is because(that)…

I think it’s because you are doing too much.主語是reason是，表語從句不能用why或because引導，只能用that.One reason why Hamlet is such a sucessful play is that it appeals to many different people.表語從句不能用if引導，但可用as if引導。He looked as if he was going to cry.三、同位語從句

★ 定義：同位語是一個名詞，表示與前面名詞相同的人或物，如“my friend John”中，John 是friend的同位語，the Yangtze, the longest river of China”中，river 是Yangtze的同位語。同位語從句即表示同位語是一個完整的句子。

★ 位置：同位語從句跟在名詞后面，進一步uom該名詞的具體內容，或對該名詞作進一步解釋。

★ 可接同位語從句的名詞一般是具有一定內容含義的名詞：conclusion, evidence, fact, hope, idea, news, opinion, problem, promise, reason,truth等。

★ 連詞：that(不能用which)，連接副詞when, how, why, whether, 連接代詞what.★ 例句： His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.The news that our team has won the match is true.She asked the reason why there was a delay.The problem whether this material can be used in our factory has not been solved.He has no idea what a remarkable woman Mary is.四、同位語從句與定語從句的區別

★ 從意義上看，同位語從句是名詞性從句，是對一個名詞加以補充說明，而定語從句是形容詞性的，是對一個名詞加以修飾和限定。

★ 從結構上看，同位語從句是由連接詞引導，連接詞雖在從句中那個不充當任何成分，但不可省略。而定語從句中的關系代詞代替先行詞，并在句中充當成分（主語或賓語），充當賓語時常可省略。

★ 例句：The news(that)he told me is really encouraging.定語從句

The news that our team has won the game is really encouraging.同位語從句

五、賓語從句

★ 定義：句中及物動詞或介詞的賓語是一個完整的句子。

★ 連詞：連接賓語從句的連詞有that, whether, if, 連接代詞有 who，whose, what, which 以及連接副詞有when, where, how, why。★ 結構：

主語+謂語+（連接詞）+賓語從句（用陳述句語序）

Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for? I wonder whether(if)daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.主語+謂語+it+賓補+that+賓語從句

用于這一結構的及物動詞有consider, find, make, regard, see, take, think。We find it necessary that we practise speaking English every day.He always take it for granted that he can pass the exam without hard work.

第四篇：英語 讓步狀語從句用法總結

英語 讓步狀語從句用法總結

（一）讓步狀語從句的用法一（表示“雖然，即使，盡管”）

1.although，though，even though，even if都表示“雖然，即使，盡管”之意，though 和although 語氣較弱(其中的though 比although 通俗, 不如although 正式)，even if和even though 帶有強調意味而顯得語氣更強。例如：Although they are poor, they are happy.雖然他們很窮，但很快樂。// Although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.天氣雖然很冷, 但他沒有穿大衣就出去了。// Though they may not succeed, they will still try.即使他們可能不會成功，但他們仍努力嘗試。// The article is very important though it is short.那篇文章雖然很短，但很重要。// He is better, though not yet cured.他好一點了，雖仍未痊愈。// Even though it was raining, she walked to work.即使下雨，她也是走著去工作的。// I’ll visit him this evening even if I can stay only a few minutes.今晚我將去拜訪他，即使我只能停留一小會兒。

注意：though 引導的讓步狀語從句的用法比較特殊，它可以倒裝，也可以不倒裝，具體用法參見as引導讓步狀語從句的用法。

2.as引導讓步狀語從句表示“雖然、即使、盡管”，其引導的讓步狀語從句必須采用倒裝結構，as引導的倒裝形式的讓步狀語從句的基本結構為：形容詞/副詞/名詞(單數可數名詞前一般不帶冠詞，有時也可見單數可數名詞前形容詞與不定冠詞連用、形容詞放在不定冠詞前)/動詞/過去分詞＋as＋主語＋謂語的其他部分。注意體會下列典型例句：Great as the author was, he proved a bad model.這位作者盡管了不起，到頭來卻成了一個壞榜樣。// Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true.這個故事看似荒唐，卻是真的。// Rich as he is, he is not happy.雖然他很富有，但他并不幸福。// Child as he is, he can tell black from white.(倒裝時要省去單個名詞前的冠詞)盡管還是個孩子，他卻能分辨黑白。// Brave(a)man as he is, he trembles at the sight of snakes.他盡管勇敢，可見到蛇還是發抖。// Badly wounded as he was, he remained quite optimistic.盡管傷勢很重，他仍然十分樂觀。// Try as he would, he could not lift the rock.雖然盡了最大努力，但是他仍然不能搬動那塊石頭。

［考題1］ We had to wait half an hour ____ we had already booked a table.A.since B.although C.until D.before

［答案］ B

［解析］ 下劃線處之后所述的“我們已經預訂了一桌”與前面所述的“我們已經不得不等了半個小時”之間語意相反，四個選項中although表示“即便……”，引導讓步狀語從句最為合適。

［考題2］ ____ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.A.As B.Once C.If D.Although

［答案］ D

［解析］ 句意為：雖然地球表面覆蓋著水，但是純凈水仍然很稀有、珍貴。下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句，填入although最為合適。

［考題3］ ____ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.A.Since B.Unless C.As D.Although

［答案］ D

［解析］ 下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句，填入although最為合適。

［考題4］ Although he is considered a great writer, ____.A.his works are not widely read

B.but his works are not widely read

C.however his works are not widely read

D.still his works are not widely read

［答案］ A

［解析］ 英語不允許在連詞although、though引導的讓步狀語從句之后的主句句首重復使用連詞，如果要在復合句中強調某種特別的意義，可以在主句的句首加上yet、still等副詞。例如：Although she has a lot of money,(yet/still)she is not happy.雖然她很有錢，但是她并不快樂。

本題題干中沒有通過特定的語境暗示需要對主句進行特別強調，因此只需用although引導讓步狀語從句即可，不必在主句的句首加副詞(更不能在主句的句首加連詞)。注意：本題中的works指“作品、著作”，例如表達“莎士比亞的作品”可以用“the works of Shakespeare”。

［考題5］ There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, ____ she was an only child.A.ever since B.now that C.even though D.even as

［答案］ C

［解析］ 下劃線處應引導讓步狀語從句，四個選項中只有even though可以引導讓步狀語從句。

［考題6］ Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, ____ they knew it to be valuable.A.as if B.now that C.even though D.so that

［答案］ C

［解析］ “Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice”和“they knew it to be valuable”意思相反，四個選項中引導讓步狀語從句的even though最為適合。

［考題7］ Allow children the space to voice their opinions, ____ they are different from your own.A.until B.even if C.unless D.as though

［答案］ B

［解析］ 題干句意為：讓孩子們有發言的空間，即使他們的觀點與你的不同。從句與主句為讓步關系，應由even if 引導從句。

［考題8］ ____, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A.A quiet student as he may be B.Quiet student as he may be

C.Be a quiet student as he may D.Quiet as he may be a student

［答案］ B

［解析］ as引導讓步狀語從句應該倒裝，本題中需要放在as之前的部分應該是整個表語部分并且要省略student前的不定冠詞(若要保留該不定冠詞，則應將其置于quiet與student之間)。

［考題9］ ____, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.A.As long as I have traveled B.Now that I have traveled so much

C.Much as I have traveled D.As I have traveled so much

［答案］ C

［解析］ 從句“I have traveled”與主句“I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John”之間具有明顯的讓步關系，本題應選用as的倒裝形式引導讓步狀語從句。

［考題10］ ____, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it sound B.As it might sound strange

C.As strange it might sound D.Strange as it might sound

［答案］ D

［解析］ “他的建議在會上被全部的人所接受”與“他的建議聽起來或許奇怪”之間意思相反，因此下劃線處引導的從句應為讓步狀語從句，而as引導讓步狀語從句應采用倒裝結構，由此先排除不是倒裝結構的選項B、C，再排除倒裝形式不正確的選項A，最終選出D。

第五篇：高考英語同位語從句用法教案

高考英語同位語從句用法教案

在復合句中充當同位語的名詞性從句稱為同位語從句。同位語從句是名詞性從句(主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句)中的主要從句之一，也是高中英語學習中的重點語法知識點之一。在使用同位語從句時，應注意以下五個方面：

一、同位語從句在句中的位置

1.一般情況下同位語從句跟在某些名詞(如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等)的后面，用以說明該名詞所表達的具體內容。

例如：

The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly.我們女排贏得冠軍的消息大大地鼓舞了我們所有人。

I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我從王先生那邊得知一個消息，他說他今天下午不能來看你了。

2.有時同位語從句可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后，而被別的詞語隔開，在語法上叫做分隔式同位語從句。

例如：

The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.她突然想起可能在她離開家時沒把門關上。

The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again.據說他高考(高考

新聞,高考說吧)又落榜了。

二、同位語從句前名詞的數

同位語從句前的名詞通常用單數形式，并且往往帶有限定詞(word除外)加以修飾。例如：

Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪兒聽說我不能來？

Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening.答應我，你今天晚上要來參加我們的晚會。

Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003.消息傳來，中國于2003年10月15日首次成功發射了載人飛船。

三、同位語從句連接詞的選用

在英語中，引導同位語從句的詞通常有連詞(that，who，whether)，連接副詞(how，when，where)等。例如：

They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.對你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。

The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰該做這項工作，這個問題需要考慮。

We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.我們還沒有決定到什么地方去度暑假。

注：在名詞doubt“懷疑”后的同位語從句用whether連接；在no doubt“不懷疑”之后的同位語從句用that連接。例如：

We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.我們懷疑他們是否能準時完成任務。

There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.我們相信張衛會守信的。同位語從句：that

有些名詞的后面可以接that引導的同位語從句：

We came to the decision that we must act at once.我們做出決定：我們必須立即行動。

He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.他提議會議延期。

There was little hope that he would survive.他幸存的希望很小。

以下名詞常用于以上句型：

advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim，conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement，suggestion，thought，treat，warning，wish，word 同位語從句：whether

whether可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用whether作為引導詞。

He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.他還沒有做出決定是否去那里。

I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否適合這件工作我有點懷疑。同位語從句：what

what可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用what作為引導詞

I have no idea what he is doing now.我不知道他現在在干什么。同位語從句：how

how可以引導同位語從句，而定語從句不能用how作為引導詞

It’s a question how he did it.那是一個他如何做了此事的問題。同位語從句：who等

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導同位語從句

The question who should do the work requires consideration.誰該干這項工作，這個問題需要考慮。

She raised the question where we could get the fund.她提出這個問題：我們到哪兒去搞這筆資金。

四、同位語從句的語氣

在suggestion，advice，request，order等意為“建議；命令；要求”的名詞后，同位語從句中的謂語動詞通常用“should +動詞原形”的虛擬語氣結構，句中的should可以省略。例如：

Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老師給我們提出了一些如何使用電腦的建議。

The suggestion came from the chairman that the new rule(should)be adopted.采納新規則的建議是主席提出來的。

The government gave the order that all these houses(should)be pulled down in three weeks.政府下令三個星期內所有這些房子都要拆掉。

五、同位語從句與定語從句的用法區別

區別(1)

同位語從句和先行詞是同等的關系；而定語從句是用來修飾先行詞，是從屬的關系。

區別(2)

that在同位語從句中沒有詞義，不充當句子成分；而在定語從句中充當主語、賓語等句子成分。

區別(3)

whether，what，how可以用來引導同位語從句；而它們不能用來引導定語從句。

區別(4)

1.從詞義角度看問題

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導同位語從句是保持原來疑問詞的含義；它們用來引導定語從句時，不具有疑問詞的含義。2.從搭配角度看問題

who，whom，which，when，where，why用來引導定語從句時對應性很強，如：

先行詞是“人”，引導詞用“who”等，而它們引導同位語從句是先行詞通常是“question，idea，doubt等”。

六、典型例題

例1：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意義不完整，應加“什么時候”的含義才能表達idea的全部內容，因此應用when引導同位語從句。

例2：I have no impression how he went home，perhaps by bike.析：he went home意義不完整，應加“如何”的含義才能表達impression的全部內容，因此應用how引導同位語從句。

例3：Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(NMET2001上海)

A.while B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B.more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是Information的內容，且Information不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。應將該句區別于：

It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information ____ has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as

析：答案為B.that has been put forward為information的修飾性定語，且information在從句中作主語，所以該句為定語從句。

例4：She heard a terrible noise，____ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)

A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為B.分析語境含義、句子結構和句子成分可知，該句為非限制性定語從句，先行詞為a terrible noise，且它在從句中作主語。應將該句區別于：

I can’t stand the terrible noise ____ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.this D.that

析：答案為D.she is crying loudly是the terrible noise的內容，且the terrible noise不在從句中作成分，所以該句為同位語從句。