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2013年網絡教育專升本入學考試模擬試題及答案--管理學(二)

時間:2019-05-14 20:54:22下載本文作者:會員上傳
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第一篇:2013年網絡教育專升本入學考試模擬試題及答案--管理學(二)

遠程教育網http://

第二篇:2013年網絡教育專升本入學考試模擬試題及答案--會計學基礎(二)

遠程教育網 http:///

2013年網絡教育專升本入學考試模擬試題及答案--會計學基礎

(二)網絡教育專科升本科入學考試

《基礎會計學》 階段測試題

(二)一、單項選擇題(本部分共15小題,每題1分,每題只有一個正確答案,請選出正確答案的標記填入括號之中)

1、下列各項中,適用于財產物資計價的原則是()。

A、謹慎性原則 B、權責發生制原則

C、配比原則 D、歷史成本原則

2、下列各項中,屬于反映企業所有者權益的賬戶是()。

A、利潤分配 B、短期借款

C、累計折舊 D、營業收入

3、利潤表是反映企業在一定期間內()的報表。

A、財務狀況和盈利能力B、經營成果及其分配情況

C、營業利潤、利潤總額、利潤分配D、營業收入、營業利潤、利潤分配

4、下列各項中,作為會計計量標準的是()。

A、勞動計量B、實物計量

C、貨幣計量D、效用計量

5、下列各項中,屬于盤盈固定資產計量基礎的是()。

A、歷史成本B、現行成本

C、可變現價值D、公允價值

6、復式記帳法對每項經濟業務都是以相等的金額在()帳戶中進行登記。

A、一個B、兩個或兩個以上

C、兩個帳戶D、有關

7、會計核算過程實質上是一個信息變換、加工和傳輸的過程,()是信息變換的關鍵環節。

A、會計確認B、會計計量

C、會計報告D、會計記錄

8、對每一個帳戶來說,期末余額()。

A、只可能在借方B、只可能在貸方

C、只可能在帳戶的一方D、可能在借方和貸方

9、期末賬項調整的標準是()。

A、會計目標B、收付實現制

C、會汁確認D、權責發生制

10、實際工作中,會計確認、會計計量應包含在()之中。

A、會計報告B、會計核算

C、會計記錄D、會計賬戶

11、下列各項中,構成收入本質的是()。

A、經濟利益的流入B、與費用配比確認

C、為進行經營活動而發生的D、權益的轉化形式

12、一般情況下,會計計量以法定的()作為計量單位。

A、貨幣B、名義貨幣

C、購買力貨幣D、記賬本位幣

13、體現會計科目設置特點的是()

A、會計對象B、會計職能

C、會計本質D、會計定義

14、賬戶是根據()開設的。

A、會計準則B、會計制度規定

C、會計報表D、會計科目

15、下列會計分錄中,屬于簡單會計分錄的有()。

A、一借多貸B、一貸多借

C、一借一貸D、多借多貸

二、多項選擇題(本部分共10小題,每題2分,每題至少有兩個及以上正確答案,請選出正確答案的標記,填入括號中)

1、下列各項中,可以作為確定現有資產公允價值的有()。

A、活躍市場上的市價B、歷史成本

C、未來現金流量的現值D、可變現價值

E、現行成本

2、在借貸記帳法下,帳戶的借方用以登記()。

A、負債的增加B、費用的增加

C、收入的減少D、資產的減少

3、下列各項中,屬于收入確認的標準有()。

A、相關的經濟利益能夠流入企業B、同時確認資產的增加或負債的減少

C、能夠用于所有者的分配D、相關的成本費用能夠可靠地進行計量

E、轉移商品所有權上的風險和報酬

4、企業對經營活動所實現的收入進行會計處理時,對下列各項會計要素會產生影響的有()

A、資產B、負債

C、費用D、所有者權益

E、利潤

5、下列錯誤中哪些不能通過試算平衡發現()。

A、某項業務未入帳

B、只登記借方金額,未登記貸方金額

C、應借應貸的帳戶中借貸方向記反

D、借貸雙方同時多記了等額的金額

6、下列經濟業務中,會引起會計恒等式兩邊同時發生增減變動的有()。

A、用銀行存款償還前欠應付貨款B、購進材料未付款

C、從銀行提取現金D、向銀行借款存入銀行

E、分配利潤

7、下列各項中,屬于會計核算方法的有()。

A、填制和審核會計憑證B、設置和運用賬戶

C、復式記賬D、登記賬簿

E、財產清查

8、在借貸記帳法下,帳戶的貸方用以登記()。

A、資產的減少B、收入的轉銷

C、所有者權益的增加D、費用的轉銷

9、費用確認的標準有()。

A.費用的發生與資產的減少或負債的增加是同時的B.費用的發生會引起未來經濟利益的減少

C.能夠可靠地加以計量

D.資本性支出與收益性支出的劃分原則

E.與實現額收入配比確認

10、設置會計科目是一種基本的會計核算方法,下列各項中以設置會計科目作為基礎的有()。

A、賬戶開設B、報表結構設計

C、成本計算D、填制憑證

E、財產清查

三、判斷題(本部分共10小題,每題1分,請判斷正誤)

1、資產的顯著特點之一是,資產一定能夠給企業帶來經濟利益,不能帶來經濟利益的資產作為費用進行會計處理。()

2、經濟業務的發生不會破壞會計等式的恒等性,因此也不會引起等式兩邊的金額發生變化。()

3、所有者權益不是一個獨立的會計要素,其非獨立性表現為按照資產減負債來計量。()

4、當“應收賬款”賬戶屬于債權債務類賬戶時,“應收賬款”賬戶的借方余額表示企業應收的債權金額。()

5、所有者權益的確認依賴于資產、負債的確認。()

6、會計確認的核心是會計計量。()

7、當企業采用權責發生制核算時,預付的報刊費用應作為支付期的費用處理。()

8、借貸記帳法下帳戶的基本結構,左方為借方,登記資金占用增加的資金來源減少,或者說登記資產的增加和權益的減少。()

9、所有的賬戶都是依據會計科目開設的。()

10、由于“累計折舊”賬戶貸方記錄增加,借方記錄減少,所以屬于負債類賬戶。()

四、計算題(本題共計20分)

[資料]

1.房屋及建筑物 14.欠交的稅金

2.工作機器及設備 15.銷貨的款項

3.運輸汽車 16.投資者投入的資本

4.庫存生產用鋼材 17.預收的押金

5.庫存燃料 18.欠付的利潤

6.未完工產品 19.支付的銷售費用

7.庫存完工產品 20.銷售產品的成本

8.存放在銀行的款項 21.支付的辦公費

9.由出納人員保管的款項 22.應付給職工刨工資

10.應收某廠的貨款 23.支付的違約罰款

11.暫付職工差旅費 24.收取的違約罰款

12.從銀行借人的款項 25.提取公積金

13.應付給光華廠的材料款 26.計算應交的所得稅

[要求]根據以上項目說明所屬的會計科目,從會計要素的角度分析各會計科目的類別。

五、簡答題(共2小題,每題10分)

1、生產費用和生產成本有什么關系?

2、會計科目與賬戶之間的關系

六、論述題(15分)

借貸記賬法的基本內容?

引自:

第三篇:2015年北京聯合大學專升本入學考試《經濟學》模擬試題及答案(二)

2015年北京聯合大學專升本入學考試 《經濟學》模擬試題及答案(二)

一、單項選擇

1.其他條件不變時,消費者收入增加將導致對正常商品的()

a.需求量增加; b.需求量減少;

c.需求增加; d.需求減少。2.在()情況下,均衡價格必然上升。

a.需求和供給都增加; b.需求和供給都減少; c.需求增加供給減少; d.需求減少供給增加。3.等產量曲線上某一點的斜率的絕對值表示()。

a.兩種商品的邊際轉換率; b. c.兩種商品的價格比率; d.兩種商品的邊際替代率。4.在完全競爭市場,如果價格等于長期平均成本,那么()。

a.行業內廠商數量不變; b.原有廠商退出這個行業;

c.新廠商要進入這個行業; d.既有廠商進入也有廠商退出該行業。5.長期均衡時, 壟斷競爭廠商()。

a.獲得超額利潤; b.得到正常利潤; c.虧損; d.是否虧損不確定。

6.某廠商既是產品市場的賣方壟斷者又是要素市場的買方壟斷者,其使用要素所遵循的原則是()。

a. VMPL=W; b.VMPL=MFCLc. MRPL=W; d.MRPL=MFCL。7.生產的第Ⅱ階段始于()止于()。

a.AP=0,MP=0; b.AP=MP,MP=0; c.AP=MP,MP<0; d.AP>0,MP=0。8.為了有效地配置稀缺資源,要求()。

a.社會MR等于社會MC; b.社會MR等于私人MC; c.私人MR等于私人MC; d.私人MR等于社會MC; 9.如果當期價格低于基期價格,那么本期的()。

a.實際GDP等于名義GDP; b.實際GDP小于名義GDP;

c.實際GDP大于名義GDP; d.實際GDP是否小于名義GDP不確定。

10.在產品市場四部門收入決定模型中,政府同時等量地增加購買支出與稅收,則GDP()。a b c d.將增加,但增加量少于政府購買支出的增加量。11.當利率降得很低時,人們購買債券的風險將()。

a.變得很小; b.變得很大; c.可能很大,也可能很小; d.不發生變化。12.隨著物價水平上升,實際貨幣供給量()。

a.增加; b.減少 ; c.不變; d.可能增加可能減少。13.由于經濟蕭條而形成的失業屬于()。

a.周期性失業; b.結構性失業; c.摩擦性失業; d.自然失業。

14.如果某國家的GNP小于GDP,說明該國居民從外國領土上取得的收入()外國居民從該國領土上取得的收入。

a.大于; b.小于; c.等于; d、可能大于也可能小于; 15.若某消費者的MUXPX?,他將()。MUYPYa.減少X的購買,減少Y的購買; b.增加X的購買,增加Y的購買;

c.增加X的購買,減少Y的購買; d.減少X的購買,增加Y的購買。

二、名詞解釋:

1.基尼系數; 2.邊際替代率; 3.擠出效應; 4.資本的邊際效率。

三、辨析題:

1.在短期,當產品價格小于產品成本,即虧損時,廠商應該停止營業。

2.人們購買政府公債得到的利息與購買公司債券得到的利息都應該計入GDP之中。3.對于單個工人來說,工資率變動的替代效應始終是大于收入效應的。

4.對于新古典宏觀經濟學家來說,只要政府公開宣布實施反通貨膨脹的緊縮性貨幣政策,社會就可以在不減少就業和產量的條件下降低通貨膨脹率。

四、問答題

1.外部性對資源配置有何影響?為什么在交易成本為零的條件下,明晰產權可以消除外部性?

2.試述貨幣政策的作用機制與貨幣政策作用大小的決定因素。

五、計算題

1.成本不變行業中,某個完全競爭廠商的長期成本函數為: LTC=0.1q3-4q2+100q(q為廠商的產量),市場需求函數: Q=9000-100P(Q為該行業的銷售量)。求:

(1)廠商長期均衡產量和銷售價格;(2)該行業的長期均衡產量;

(3)行業長期均衡時的廠商數量。

2.假定政府當前預算赤字為150億美元,邊際消費傾向c=0.8,邊際稅率t=0.25。如果政府為降低通貨膨脹率減少支出400億美元。試問支出的這種變化最終能否消滅赤字?

一、單項選擇

1.c; 2.c; 3.b;4.a;5.b;6.d;7.b;8.a;9.c;10.d;11.b;12.b;13.a;14.b;15.c。

二、名詞解釋

1.基尼系數是指收入分配完全平等的洛倫茨曲線同實際洛倫茨曲線圍成的面積與收入分配完全平等的洛倫茨曲線同收入分配完全不平等的洛倫茨曲線圍成的面積之比。它衡量一國收入分配的平等程度。吉尼系數越大,收入分配越不平等。

2.邊際替代率是指在偏好和滿足水平既定條件下,消費者每增加一單位某種商品的消費所愿意減少的另一種商品的數量。

3.擠出效應是指政府增加支出、減少稅收所引起的結構性赤字的上升,有可能提高利率、減少私人投資的現象。

4.資本邊際效率是一種貼現率,這種貼現率正好使一項資本品預期收益的現值等于該項資本品的重置價格。它與資本品的重置價格負相關,與資本的預期收益正相關。

三、辨析題

1.錯。在短期,當產品價格小于產品成本,即虧損時,只要價格大于平均變動成本,廠商仍然應該生產。因為生產時所遭受的虧損(小于固定成本)總是小于停止營業時所遭受的虧損(固定成本)。只有在價格不僅小于產品成本,而且小于平均變動成本時,廠商才會停止營業。

2.錯。人們購買公債得到的利息不應該計入GDP之中,購買公司債券得到的利息應該計入GDP之中。這是因為人們購買公司債券所得到的債息收入直接來源于產品的銷售收入,當然要計入按收入法核算的GDP。公債利息直接來源于稅收,而稅收已經計入到按收入法核算的GDP之中。因此,政府公債利息不能再計入到GDP之中,否則,會重復計算。

3.錯。對于單個工人來說,在工資率比較低時,工資率變動的替代效應大于收入效應,即勞動供給量會隨著工資率的提高而增加。而在工資率較高時,工資率變動的替代效應小于收入效應,即勞動供給量隨著工資率的提高而減少。因此,個別勞動供給曲線向后彎曲。

4.對。新古典宏觀經濟學認為,貨幣政策的變化如果被人們預期到,即使在短期對產量和就業水平也沒有影響。被人們預期到的貨幣收縮,將使理性的當事人立即向下校正他們的通貨膨脹預期。因此,從理論上說,貨幣當局可以在不花費任何產量和就業成本的情況下降低通貨膨脹率,即中央銀行降低通貨膨脹率的成本為零。所以沒有必要遵循正統貨幣主義所倡導的漸進性貨幣緊縮政策。當局可能只需要宣布降低貨幣擴張率,就能在不支付任何社會成本的條件下,將通貨膨脹率降至其所希望的目標。

四、問答題 1.答:“外部性”是指某個經濟主體的行為給他人帶來了一定的沒有被計入到交易價格之中影響。分積極的外部性和消極的外部性兩種。外部性不利于資源的合理配置。如果某種產品的生產存在“積極外部性”,則該產品的社會邊際收益大于社會邊際成本,從社會的角度來說,該產品生產太少;如果某種產品的生產存在“消極外部性”,則該產品的社會邊際收益小于社會邊際成本,從社會的角度來說,該產品生產太多。

“外部性”本質上是產權不明晰的結果。在交易成本為零的條件下,產權的明晰與交易可以使 “外部性”內在化,消除外部性。

2.答:貨幣政策的作用機制為:若政府購買債券,增加貨幣供給量,在貨幣需求既定的條件下,利率就會下降。利率的降低增加投資,進而增加就業和收入。

貨幣政策的效果大小取決于LM曲線和IS曲線的斜率:

若IS曲線的斜率既定,貨幣政策的作用與LM曲線的斜率正相關。LM曲線越陡峭,意味著貨幣的投機需求曲線越陡峭,貨幣投機需求量對利率變動的反應越不敏感,反過來就是利率對投機需求量變動的反映越敏感:一定量的貨幣投機需求量的變動會引起利率的大量變動。因此當中央銀行實行擴張性貨幣政策增加貨幣供給量進而增加貨幣的投機需求量時,若LM曲線比較陡峭,就會引起利率的大幅度下降,從而使投資量、就業和收入大幅度增加,貨幣政策的作用或效果就較大。同理,若LM曲線較平坦,貨幣政策的效果就較小。

如果LM曲線的斜率既定,貨幣政策的效果大小與IS曲線的斜率的絕對值負相關。IS曲線的斜率的絕對值越大,意味著投資曲線的斜率越大,投資對利率變動的反應越不敏感,即一定量的利率變動只能引起投資量少量的變動。因此當中央銀行實行擴張性貨幣政策增加貨幣供給量進而增加貨幣的投機需求量引起利率下降時,若IS曲線比較陡峭,投資增加量就少,從而就業和收入的增加幅度也較小,貨幣政策的作用或效果就較小。同理,若IS曲線較平坦,貨幣政策的效果就較大。

五、計算題 1.解:

(1)廠商的長期平均成本為: LAC?0.1q2?4q?100;

廠商總是在長期平均最低處達到長期均衡,且長期均衡時,LAC=P。故有

LAC??0.2q?4?0,q?20,P?60;

(2)行業的長期均衡產量Q=9000-100P=3000;

(3)長期均衡狀態下該行業內廠商的數量n=3000?20?150。2.解:

三部門經濟中的政府購買乘數為:KG?1?2.5

1?c(1?t)當政府支出減少400億美元時,收入減少量為: △ Y=KG·△G=2.5×400=-1000億美元。△ 稅收減少量為:△T=t△Y=0.25·(-1000)=-250億美元

于是預算盈余增量為:△BS=△T-△G=-250-(-400)=150億美元。

因此,當政府減少購買支出400億美元時,政府預算盈余將增加150億美元,正好消滅赤字。

第四篇:2018專升本管理學模擬卷A卷及答案

管 理 學 模 擬 卷 A

一、單項選擇題(共 30 分,每小題 2分, 在每小題給出的選項中只有一個符合題目要求,把所選項前的字母填入答題紙)。

1、要確保“事有人做,人有事做;事得其人,人得其事”,需做好管理中的()工作。A.計劃

B.組織

C.領導

D.控制

2、美國管理大師彼德.德魯克說過,如果你理解管理理論,但不具備管理技術和管理工具的運用能力,你還不是一個有效的管理者;反過來,如果僅具備管理技術和能力,而不掌握管理理論,那么你充其量只是一個技術員。這句話說明()

A.有效的管理者應該既掌握理論,又具備管理技巧與管理工具的運用能力B.是否掌握管理理論對管理工作的有效性來說,無足輕重C.如果理解管理理論,就能成為一名有效的管理者D.有效的管理這應該注重管理技術與工具的運用能力,而不必注意管理理論

3、在常用的控制標準中,“合格率”屬于()

A.時間標準

B.數量標準

C.質量標準

D.成本標準

4、某公司總經理認為公司中存在宗派不利于組織目標的實現,宗派是非正式組織,所以非正式組織對公司是不利的。他的推斷()

A.完全正確

B.不正確

C.不能判斷

D.沒有什麼正確與不正確

5、科學管理理論的中心問題是()。

A.改變組織作風

B.提高勞動生產率 C.提高人的積極性

D.提高市場占有率 6.下述哪一項不屬于法約爾提出的管理的五項職能?()A.計劃

B.組織

C.決策

D.控制

7、小張大學畢業后,在一家公司工作。幾年來他工作積極,最近和其他人合作,成功地開發了一個新產品,領到了較豐厚的獎金。開始時很高興,隨后不久,他無意之中看到了領發獎金一覽表,臉色一下子就陰沉了下來。下列哪種理論可以較恰當地予以解釋?()A.公平理論

B.期望理論

C.雙因素理論

D.需要層次理論

8.在經營單位組合分析法中,具有較高業務增長率和較高市場占有率的經營單位是()。A.明星

B.幼童

C.金牛

D.瘦狗

9、“大河有水小河滿”和“小河有水大河干”說明()A.人們看問題的角度不同

B.人們所持的心態不同

C.系統的結構決定了系統的整體功能 D.系統的整體功能不等于個體功能之和

10.需要層次理論是()提出來的。

A.菲德勒

B.馬斯洛

C.亞當斯

D.弗洛姆

11.()戰略是指企業選擇產業內一種或一組細分市場,并量體裁衣使其戰略為所選擇的細分市場服務。

A.特色優勢

B.成本領先

C.市場開發

D.集中一點

12.一家食品公司有員工84人,假設管理幅度為9人,該公司的管理人員應為多少人?管理層次有多少層?()

A.10人,3層

B.11人,3層

C.9人,4層

D.10人,4層

13、公司總經理把產品銷售的責任和權力委派給一位副總經理M,但同時又要求各地經銷部的經理直接向公司總會計師K匯報當天的銷售指標,K可以直接向各地經銷部經理下達指令。總經理的這種做法違反了管理中的()原則?

A.責權對等原則 B.統一指揮原則

C.分權管理原則

D.專業管理原則

14、某部門主管將注意力幾乎都放在了對任務的完成上,而對下屬的心理因素、士氣和發展很少關心。根據管理方格理論,該主管的領導作風屬于()

A.貧乏型

B.任務型

C.中庸型

D.戰斗集體型

15、梅奧等人通過霍桑實驗得出結論:人們的生產效率不僅受到物理的、生理的因素的影響,而且還受到社會環境、社會心理因素的影響。由此創立了()。A.行為科學學說 B.人文關系學說 C.人際關系學說 D.科學管理學說

二、多項選擇題(本大題共5小題,每小題4分,共20分)

16.扁平結構的優點是()A.易于橫向協調 B.管理費用低 C.縮短了上下級之間的距離 D.信息縱向流通快 E.嚴密監督下級

17.下列屬于運用前饋控制的是()A.企業根據現有產品銷售不暢的情況,決定改變產品結構 B.獵人把瞄準點定在飛奔的野兔的前方 C.根據蟲情預報,農業公司做好農藥儲備 D.汽車駕駛員在上坡時,為了保持一定的車速,提前踩加速器 E.瞄準靶心射擊 18.董事會的主要職能有()2 A.挑選總經理 B.決定利潤分配 C.制定預算 D.決定公司目標 E.執行日常決策 19.非正式組織對正式組織的工作可能造成的危害包括()

A.影響正式組織的變革 B.影響命令的暢通 C.束縛成員個人的發展 D.影響信息傳遞速度 E.由于目標沖突而產生極為不利的影響

20.決策的特征是()

A、要有兩個以上的備選方案

B、追求的是最優方案

C、要有明確而具體的決策方案

D、要以了解和掌握信息為基礎

三、簡答題(共30分,每題10分)。

21.計劃編制的過程。

22.控制的意義?常見的控制方式有哪些? 23.雙因素理論的主要論點。

四、論述題(20分)

24.論述管理的一般環境

五、計算題

25.某企業的決策信息如下,請用最小最大后悔值法為企業選擇方案(需列出計算表格)。收益(萬元)大批量中批量小批量需求大500300200需求中300200150需求小-25080100 26.某工廠成批生產某種產品,售價為45元,成本為30元,這種產品當天生產,當天銷售。如果當天賣不出去,則只能按每個20元的價格處理。如果這個工廠每天的產量可以是1000個、1500個、2000個、2500個,這種產品每天的市場需求量及其發生的概率如下表所示。

試問工廠領導如何決策?

六、案例分析題(共20分,詳細分值在題目后標注,答案請寫在答題紙上)。

27.甲研究所設備先進,人才濟濟,但卻一直沒有很高水平的科研成果。該所負責人王所長采用“重金懸賞”的方法。他堅信 ”重賞之下必有勇夫”,但收效甚微。為了更好地管理研究人員,他制定了嚴格的考勤制度:遲到3分鐘要罰款100元。為此,員工有時為準時到達,不惜打出租車上班。該所員工的出勤率一直保持較高水平。在一次行業研討會上,規模相近3 的乙研究所發布了幾項重要科研成果,并介紹了經驗。他們認為每個員工都希望做好工作,為此推行了"彈性工作制”以及研究人員自我組合、自主管理的方法。盡管乙研究所取得了這樣的成績,但王所長仍然認為采用這種方法會失去控制,這種方法不宜推廣。

要求:(1)請結合人性假設理論,判斷這兩家研究所對人性的假設分別是什么?(5分)

(2)評價兩個研究所的管理效果。(5分)

28.A公司是一家軟件開發企業,員工大多都是剛畢業

一、兩年的年輕人。A公司人力資源經理認為,剛畢業的年輕人應該比較喜歡挑戰,因此他向公司領導提出制訂關于強調表彰、提升、給予更大的個人責任和股票期權計劃等更具挑戰性的員工激勵計劃,但計劃交由員工討論時,員工們卻對此不感興趣,他們向公司抱怨他們加班太多、薪水不夠高、休假太少等。

問題:(1)請根據馬斯洛的需要層次理論分析員工的抱怨(5分)

(2)公司要激勵員工,目前應著手的行動是什么?(5分)

模擬卷A卷參考答案

一、單項選擇題(每題2分,共30分)1-5 BACBB 6-10 CAADB 11-15 DABBC

二、多項選擇題(每題4分,共20分)16.BCD 17.BCD 18.ABD 19.ACE 20.ACD

三、簡答題(每題10分,共30分)21.計劃編制過程包括以下八點:(1)確定目標(2)認清現在(3)研究過去。(4)預測并有效地確定計劃的重要前提條件(5)擬定和選擇可行性行動方案(6)制定 22.控制的意義?常見的控制方式有哪些?

控制的意義有3點。(1)適應外部環境的變化(2)與管理權力的分散相適應,企業分權程度越高,控制就越有必要(3)個體工作能力存在差異,因此即使企業制定了全面完善的計劃,經營環境在一定時期內也相對穩定,對經營活動的控制仍是必要的(6分)常見的控制方式:預算控制,財務控制,過程控制,前饋控制,反饋控制,同步控制等等(寫出任意4個即可得4分)

23.20世紀50年代后期,美國心理學家赫茨伯格,通過一項研究提出“雙因素論”。一方面是人們對諸如本組織的政策和管理、監督、工作條件、人際關系、薪金、地位、職業安定以及個人生活所需,等等,如果得到滿足后就沒有不滿,得不到滿足則產生不滿,赫茨伯格把這類因素統稱為“保健”因素;另一方面,人們對諸如成就、賞識(認可)、艱巨的工作、晉升和工作的成長、責任感等,如果得到滿足則感到滿意,得不到滿足則沒有滿意感(但不是不滿)。他把這一類又統稱為“激勵”因素。赫茨伯格認為,只有靠激勵因素來調動員工的積極性,才能提高生產效率。

四、論述題(20分)

24.理的一般環境亦稱宏觀環境,指對所有組織都會產生間接影響的外部環境因素,一般包括:⑴經濟環境。組織所在國家或地區總體經濟狀況,包括消費者購買力、利息率、通貨膨脹率、失業率、社會總體價格水平等。(2)社會、文化、人口和自然環境。包括人口因素(人口地分布、人口密度、年齡結構、受教育程度),人們的態度、要求、期望、信念,以及歷史文化、民族風俗、道德狀況等。(3)政治、政府和法律環境。政府的政治活動、法律、法規、政策、措施,以及國家總體的穩定性、政府官員對組織所持的態度等。⑷技術環境。科學技術的發展變化。科技環境是外部環境中最為活躍的因素。⑸全球化環境。全球經濟一體化已成為世界發展的重要趨勢,各種組織正面臨著全球環境的機遇和挑戰。

五、計算題(30分,每題15分)25.選擇中批量的方案。計算過程如下。

后悔值計算收益(萬元)大批量中批量 小批量最大后悔值需求大0200300需求中0100150需求小*** 26.此題為風險型決策。

六、案例分析題(每題10分,共20分)

27.(1)甲研究所將員工看做經濟人,采用蘿卜加大棒的政策,乙研究所將員工看作社會人,關注員工的心理需求。

(2)管理的效果取決于管理者是否能采用與管理環境相適應的管理方式。本案例中的研究所,員工工作成熟度較高,能夠自我激勵,因此應該激發員工的主觀能動性,給與員工一定的決策權力,從而做出創造性的成績,乙研究所管理方式更佳。

28.(1)馬斯洛需要層次理論認為,人的需要是分層次的,當某一級的需要獲得滿足以后,這一級的需要便中止了它的作用,而且只有當低層次的需要已經滿足時,高層次需要才能對人起激勵作用。A公司有人抱怨薪水太少,加班太多等這都表明了他們的較低層次的需要社會需要、安全需要甚至生理需要都還沒有滿足,這樣人力資源程序經理所提計劃涉及的這些高層次需要就沒有辦法激勵員工。(2)應立即解決員工提出的的問題,滿足其較低層次的需要,然后再設計滿足較高層次需要的激勵方案。

第五篇:2013年成人高考專升本英語模擬試題及答案(二)

2013年成人高考專升本英語模擬試題及答案(二)Ⅰ.Phonetics(10 points)

Directions: In each of following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D.Compare underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation.Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.A.enough B.about C.touch D.Young 2.A.thirsty B.throat C.youth D.Those 3.A.shut B.cut C.funny D.use

4.A.thanks B.pills C.news D.films

5.A.dear B.heart C.ear D.tear

6.A.births B.depths C.months D.mouths

7.A.election B.pronunciation C.question D.operation

8.A.hot B.home C.top D.off

9.A.may B.day C.stay D.Sunday

10.A.weigh B.eight C.seize D.daily Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.11._______ we won the war.A.In the end B.On the end C.By the end D.At the end

12.As a poor fresh student, he had to do a part-time job _______ money.A.owing to B.because of C.on account of D.for the sake of

13.Too much drinking would ______ his health.A.do harm for B.do harmful to C.do harm to D.do harmful for

14.The days _______ you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.A.in which B.on which C.of which D.at which 13.15.He insists that he ______ innocent.A.is B.be C.should be D.were

16.The teacher said, “Stop ______”.So we stopped _______.A.to talk?to read B.talking?to read C.talking?reading D.talking?read

17.Could I have some milk, some orange juice, and some eggs ______? A.instead of B.in addition C..as well D.so much

18.______ after his death that he was recognized as a great composer.A.It was not until B.It is until C.It was until D.Not until

19.Our classroom is ______ in the school building.A.bigger than any other one B.bigger than all

C.the biggest of all the others D.the biggest of any one

20.It was Thomas Alva Edison who ______ the electric lamp.A.discovered B.invented C.innovated D.found

21.I’d like you ______ to see him.A.go B.going C.to go D.have gone

22.Your coat ______ his.A.like B.likes C.is like D.will look like 23.Either you or I _____ meet him at the airport.A.are to B.is to C.am to D.were to

24.Each has an apple, ______?

A.has he B.doesn’t he C.does he D.don’t they

25.Sports, ______ perhaps you don’t like very much, may make you strong.A.that B.which C.it D.and

26.We should look ______ the matter before we reach a conclusion.A.into B.for C.to D.at

27.Hospital doctors don’t go out very often as their work _______ all their time.A.takes away B.takes in C.takes over D.takes up

28.He is ______ to speak the truth.A.too much of a coward B.too much a coward

C.so much a coward D.so much of a coward

29.It’s strange that you ______ like that at the meeting.A.should speak B.spoke C.should have spoken D.speak

30.He ______ when the bus came to a sudden stop.A.was almost hurt B.was to hurt himself

C.was hurt himself D.was hurting himself

31.Mary likes _______ very much, but she didn’t go _______ last Sunday.A.to swim…swimming B.swimming…to swim

C.to swim…to swim D.swimming…swimming

32.More ______, less speed.A.hurry B.rush C.quickness D.haste

33.______ with the size of the whole earth, the high est mountain doesn’t seem high at all.A.When compared B.Compare C.While comparing D.Comparing

34.The fact ______ money orders can usually be easily cashed has made them a popular form of payment.A.of B.is that C.that D.which is

35.He is working very hard to ______ the lost time in the past 10 years.A.make for B.make up for C.make up D.make out

36.If a child is absent ______ school for long periods, he should be given extra work.A.at B.in C.from D.out of

37.Neither of your proposals ________.A.make sense B.are practical C.makes sense D.make senses

38.It is obvious that there are at least two vitamins.______ is soluble in fat;_____ is soluble in water.A.The one…the other B.One…the other

C.One…another D.One…the another

39.It’s a good _______ to eat with the mouth closed.A.custom B.habit C.way D.style

40.You ought not to _______ him the news that day.A.tell B.be telling C.have told D.be told

41.He attempted _______ to set up a company of his own.A.with vain B.on vain C.in vain D.of vain

42.-“I slipped on the stairs.I think my arm is broken”.-“Oh!I _______.”

A.don’t hope B.hope not so C.do not hope D.hope not

43.The last man ______ the sinking ship was the captain.A.left B.leaves C.to be leaving D.to leave

44.One of his many faults is that that he never ______ any thing very long.A.decides on B.sticks to C.goes over D.makes up

45.You are worthy _______ the honour.A.to B.at C.for D.of

46.Billing pitched so well ______ everyone cheered him at the end of the game.A.as B.since C.that D.whereas

47.The _______ of blood always makes him feel sick.A.sight B.view C.look D.form

48.A child learns to read by seeing the words _______.A.properly B.repeatedly C.repeatly D.obviously

49.Our friendship is ______ and we will never again be separated.A.restored B.reserved C.restrained D.repeated

50.He couldn’t explain the _______ of ten years in his job history.A.gap B.interrupting C.opening D.margin Ⅲ.Cloze(20 points)

Directions:

For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Investors can _51_ money simply by loaning it.The money they loan is called capital.Security(擔保)is an expensive item which the borrower mortgages(抵押)to the investor to show that he intends to _52_ the debt.The way investors make money on loans is to charge interest.Interest is money that _53_ pay to investors for the use of their money.Interest is usually a certain percentage of the capital.Investors sometimes _54 ten percent or more interest per year.The interest may be calculated daily, monthly, or yearly.The interest must be _55_ before the capital can be repaid.If the interest is not _56_ the agreed rate, the interest is added _57_ the capital.Then the borrower has _58_ pay interest on the unpaid interest _59_ on the capital.A debt can grow quickly this way.If the total of the capital and accumulated interest gets too high, the investor will take _60_ of the item used as security and sell it to get his money back.51.A.get B.make C.have D.carry

52.A.repay B.leave C.get D.give 53.A.borrowers B.lenders C.peoples D.others

54.A.cost B.ask C.charge D.change

55.A.by day B.by the day C.every day D.daily

56.A.paid B.to be paid C.pay D.paying

57.A.on B.to C.for D.with

58.A.to B.on C.into D onto

59.A.or B.also C.but also D.as well as 60.A.the place B.possession C.turn D.care Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)

Directions:

There are four reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One

Students enrolled at least half time may borrow up to $3,000 form the government over a two-year period.Repayment of the loan begins six months after the student leaves school.These loans carry on interest until this time.The current interest rate is 5 percent.Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from a bank, credit union, savings and loan association or other eligible lender.Repayment on these loans usually begins six months after the student leaves school.These loans carry no interest until this time.This current interest rate is 9 percent.Parents may borrow up to $300 annually for each dependent college.Repayment begins forty-five days after receiving the loan, and the interest rate is 12 percent.61.Which of the following is the main purpose?

To remind students and their families to repay their loan.To compare interest rates.To inform students and parents of the various loans available.To show that government loans charge the least interest.62.The highest interest rate is charged to _______.A.full-time students B.parents

C.students borrowing from a credit union D.half-time students

63.If parents had three children in college how much could they borrow annually?

A.900 B.3,000 C.300 D.9,000

64.According to the passage which of the following is true.The government lends students enrolled at least half time up to 3,000 annually.Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from four sources.Students enrolled less than half time may borrow money.The current interest rate from banksurn D.care Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension(60 points)

Directions:

There are four reading passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions.For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D.Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One

Students enrolled at least half time may borrow up to $3,000 form the government over a two-year period.Repayment of the loan begins six months after the student leaves school.These loans carry on interest until this time.The current interest rate is 5 percent.Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from a bank, credit union, savings and loan association or other eligible lender.Repayment on these loans usually begins six months after the student leaves school.These loans carry no interest until this time.This current interest rate is 9 percent.Parents may borrow up to $300 annually for each dependent college.Repayment begins forty-five days after receiving the loan, and the interest rate is 12 percent.61.Which of the following is the main purpose?

To remind students and their families to repay their loan.To compare interest rates.To inform students and parents of the various loans available.To show that government loans charge the least interest.62.The highest interest rate is charged to _______.A.full-time students B.parents

C.students borrowing from a credit union D.half-time students

63.If parents had three children in college how much could they borrow annually?

A.900 B.3,000 C.300 D.9,000

64.According to the passage which of the following is true.The government lends students enrolled at least half time up to 3,000 annually.Students may borrow up to $4,500 annually from four sources.Students enrolled less than half time may borrow money.The current interest rate from banks

t working

one’s muscles are used only to the extent necessary for each action they perform

one improves muscular action consciously

68.Muscles are unique fibers because, they can ________.A.contract B.stretch C.retract D.do all of the above

69.Under a microscope, muscle cells appear to be _______.A.textured like wood B.colored like wood

C.smooth and red D.short and thick

70.According to the selection more than half of a person’s body is composed of ______.A.voluntary muscles B.involuntary muscles

C.muscle fibers D.sensory nerves

The large part which war played in English affairs in the Middle-Ages, the fact that the control of the army and navy was in the hands of those that spoke French, and the circumstances that much of English fighting was done in France all resulted in the introduction into English of a number of French military terms.The art of war has undergone such changes since the battles of Hastings, Lewes, and Agincourt that many words once common are now only in historical use.Their places have been taken by later borrowings, often like wise from French, many of them being words acquired by the French in the course of their wars in Italy during the sixteenth century.Yet we still use French words of the Middle Ages when we speak of the army and the navy, of peace, enemy, battle, soldier, guard and spy, and we have kept the names of officers such as captain and sergeant.Some of the French terms were introduced into English because they were needed to express a new object or a new idea.In other cases a French and a native English word for the same thing existed side by side.Sometimes one or the other has since been lost from the language;but sometimes both the borrowed and the native word have been still in common use.71.The main idea of this passage is that ______.most of today’s common English military terms dated from the sixteenth century or later

a study of the English vocabulary shows the important part which war has played in the history of England

many French words borrowed into English during the Middle Ages have since disappeared from the language

many military terms used in English were originally borrowed from French, some as early as the Middle Ages

72.All of the following have something to do with the introduction into English of many French military terms except that _______.war played an important part in English affairs in the Middle Ages

the English army and navy were controlled by those who spoke French in the war between England and France

France invaded England in the Middle Ages and many battles were fought in England

much of English fighting was done in France in the war between England and France

73.The art of war has undergone such changes that _______.we no longer use any French words of the Middle Ages

many words once common are not used any longer and they are replaced by Italian words

French military terms have disappeared from the English language

many words once common are now only in historical use and their places have been taken by the newly-borrowed words

74.Which of the following is not the French word borrowed into English during the Middle Ages?

A.sergeant B.battle C.spy D.fight

75.The writer takes the words “battle” and “fight” as an example to show______.French words are needed to express something new

a French and a native word for the same thing have been still in common use side by side French word or the other has been lost from the English language

“battle” is the borrowed word and “fight” is the native one

Passage Four

“Fingers were made before forks” when a person gives up good manners, puts aside knife and fork, and dives into his food, someone is likely to repeat ixteenth century or later

a study of the English vocabulary shows the important part thich war has played in the history of England

many French words borrowed into English during the Middle Ages have since disappeared from the language

many military terms used in English were originally borrowed from French, some as early as the Middle Ages

72.All of the following have something to do with the introduction into English of many French military terms except that _______.war played an important part in English affairs in the Middle Ages

the English army and navy were controlled by those who spoke French in the war between England and France

France invaded England in the Middle Ages and many battles were fought in England

much of English fighting was done in France in the war between England and France

73.The art of war has undergone such changes that _______.we no longer use any French words of the Middle Ages

many words once common are not used any longer and they are replaced by Italian words

French military terms have disappeared from the English language

many words once common are now only in historical use and their places have been taken by the newly-borrowed words

74.Which of the following is not the French word borrowed into English during the Middle Ages?

A.sergeant B.battle C.spy D.fight

75.The writer takes the words “battle” and “fight” as an example to show______.French words are needed to express something new

a French and a native word for the same thing have been still in common use side by side French word or the other has been lost from the English language

“battle” is the borrowed word and “fight” is the native one

Passage Four

“Fingers were made before forks” when a person gives up good manners, puts aside knife and fork, and dives into his food, someone is likely to repeat that saying.The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it.Not until the eleventh century, when a young lady from Constantinople brought her fork to Italy, did the custom reach Europe.By the fifteenth century the use of the fork was widespread in Italy.The English explanation was that Italians were averse to eating food touched with fingers, “Seeing all men’s fingers are not alike clean.” English travellers kept their friends in stitches while describing this ridiculous Italian custom.Anyone who used a fork to eat with was laughed at in England for the next hundred years.Men who used forks were thought to be sissies, and women who used them were called show-offs and overnice.Not until the late 1600’s did using a fork become a common custom.76.The custom of eating with a fork was _______.A.brought to Europe from America B.begun when forks were invented

C.brought to Europe from Asia D.invented by Italians

77.By the fifteenth century forks were used _______.A.all over Italy B.only in Constantinople

C.widely in Europe D.In England 78.To English travellers in Italy, the use of forks seemed _______.A.clever B.necessary C.good manner D.Ridiculous

79.The English thought that Italians used forks in order to ________.A.imitate the people of the East B.keep their food clean

C.impress visitors with their good manners D.amuse the English

80.In England, people who used forks at that time were considered ______.A.well mannered B.sissies C.show-offs and overnice D.both B and C Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about 80 words on the title: The Bicycle in China.Base your composition on the outline given below.1.在中國,自行車是最為流行的交通工具。

2.騎自行車有許多好處。

3.自行車的未來…… 參考答案

Ⅰ.P that saying.The fork was an ancient agricultural tool, but for centuries no one thought of eating with it.Not until the eleventh century, when a young lady from Constantinople brought her fork to Italy, did the custom reach Europe.By the fifteenth century the use of the fork was widespread in Italy.The English explanation was that Italians were averse to eating food touched with fingers, “Seeing all men’s fingers are not alike clean.” English travellers kept their friends in stitches while describing this ridiculous Italian custom.Anyone who used a fork to eat with was laughed at in England for the next hundred years.Men who used forks were thought to be sissies, and women who used them were called show-offs and overnice.Not until the late 1600’s did using a fork become a common custom.76.The custom of eating with a fork was _______.A.brought to Europe from America B.begun when forks were invented

C.brought to Europe from Asia D.invented by Italians

77.By the fifteenth century forks were used _______.A.all over Italy B.only in Constantinople

C.widely in Europe D.In England

78.To English travellers in Italy, the use of forks seemed _______.A.clever B.necessary C.good manner D.ridiculous

79.The English thought that Italians used forks in order to ________.A.imitate the people of the East B.keep their food clean

C.impress visitors with their good manners D.amuse the English

80.In England, people who used forks at that time were considered ______.A.well mannered B.sissies C.show-offs and overnice D.both B and C Ⅴ.Writing(20 points)

Directions:

For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a short composition of about 80 words on the title: The Bicycle in China.Base your composition on the outline given below.1.在中國,自行車是最為流行的交通工具。

2.騎自行車有許多好處。

3.自行車的未來…… 參考答案

Ⅰ.P honetics

1.B 2.D 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C

8.B 9.D 10.C

Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure

11.A 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.A 16.B 17.C

18.A 19.A 20.B 21.C 22.C 23.C 24.B

25.B 26.A 27.D 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.B

32.D 33.A 34.C 35.B 36.C 37.C 38.B

39.B 40.C 41.C 42.D 43.D 44.B 45.D

46.C 47.A 48.B 49.A 50.A

Ⅲ.Cloze

51.B 52.A 53.A 54.C 55.D 56.A 57.B

58.A 59.D 60.B

Ⅳ.Reading Comprehension

61.C 62.B 63.A 64.B 65.B 66.C 67.C

68.D 69.A 70.C 71.D 72.C 73.D 74.D

75.B 76.C 77.A 78.D 79.B 80.D Ⅴ.Writing

The Bicycle in China The bicycle is the most popular means of transportation in China.China is a country “on bicycle wheels”.People ride them for various purposes such as going to and from school and work.Bicycles are very cheap and easy to buy in China.There are many advantages to riding a bicycle.First, using a bicycle can greatly help reduce the air pollution in many big cities.Second, people can improve their health by riding a bicycle.The future of bicycle will be bright.In some European countries, city governments have arranged pedestrians to use “public bicycles” to travel round the city center free of charge.

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