第一篇：考研英語寫作應用文的考查類型及測試要點

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考研英語寫作應用文的考查類型及測試要點

一、信函類 1.信的基本類型

英文書信主要分為兩大類：私人信函和公務信函。私人信函是指與朋友、家人之間的往來書信，其內容比較自由，只需要包括以下幾個部分即可：日期、稱呼、正文、落款。公務信函類型多樣，應用范圍非常廣泛，屬正式文體，包括求職信、辭職信、拒聘信、詢問信、復詢信、留學和獎學金申請信、投訴信、答復賠償信等。此類信件的共同特點是：1.內容明確，不可漫無目標；2.措辭誠懇，坦然，不能感情夸張；3.語言清晰、簡潔、有禮。從形式上看應該側重考查公務信函，因為只有此類信函才需用到書面語的正式語體。

2.各類信函的內容要點

以下主要針對公務信函，介紹幾種常見信函的基本特點。對于其他不同功能的信件，考生可以根據本書的介紹做到舉一反三。在備考階段，考生應熟悉各類信函的書寫模式及常用話語并加強練習。

（1）求職信（Letters of Applying for a Job）

通常包含三個部分：a)引言部分寫明寫信原因、具體謀求的職位、獲得申請信息的來源（如：報紙廣告、熟人介紹）等。b)發展部分敘述自己能夠勝任該職位所具備的條件，包括教育背景、工作經歷、社會實踐等。這部分內容要具體，不要空洞游說或者列舉，用事實說服會更有力。C)結尾部分再次表達對職位的渴望，爭取面試機會。如請求及時回信、希望當面洽談、提供進一步接觸的聯系方式或指出附件中有相關的證明文件等。

求職信的語言應嚴謹、規范、得體。其常用套語有： 引言：I am writing to apply for the post of...advertised in...In answer to your advertisement in...for the post of..., I would like to apply for...I have learned from...(sb)of your opening/vacancy for...(job), and am therefore writing to apply for the post.發展：I am now a senior student in(Department)of(University), and I expect to graduate in(date)with a degree in(discipline).www.tmdps.cn;免費考研輔導視頻

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I receive my(degree)in(subject)from(name of university)in(date).Since graduation, I have been working with(name of company/organization)as(job title)I was awarded the prize of(title)in(month/year)for(eg.good performance in etc.)I am confident that my academic training has prepared me to handle the job.結尾：Enclosed are testimonials from my university teacher and my present employer.If these meet your requirements, please grant me an interview.（2）辭職信（Letters of Resignation）

正式的辭職信應具備以下要素： a)受理者恰當的稱呼； b)辭職決定及其理由（如：未受公司重用或尊重，健康、家庭或個人原因，另覓一份更適合自己的工作等）； c)緩和氣氛的語句，如對原單位所給予工作機會以及提供的工作經歷表示感謝，對因自己辭職而給對方帶來的不便表示歉意，表達對原單位的良好祝愿等等。

需要注意的是：避免負面評論。不論什么原因，不要對你的公司政策、老板、管理人員、同事做任何負面評價。常用套語如下： 稱呼：Dear Mr.Smith 辭職決定和理由： With regret, I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position.I hereby confirm in writing my resignation from ABC Company because of family reasons.緩和語氣的話：I would like to express my sincere gratitude and thanks for all the support that I have received over the last few weeks, and for the enjoyable experience of having worked for your company.I hope you will consider my request, and I apologize for any inconveniences I might have caused.I wish all of you a prosperous future（3）留學和獎學金申請信（Letters of Applying for Admittance and Scholarship）

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申請者是通過申請信爭取繼續學習和獲得獎學金的機會，而申請學校負責人則是通過該信決定其是否具有這樣的機會。因此這封信需要盡可能得表現寫信人所具有的優勢，比如個人性格優點，學業工作成績等等。信的內容通常涉及：

a)申請該學校/獎學金的原因;

b)使你對某個專業產生興趣的學術背景和訓練;c)工作經驗;

d)能證明你潛能的研究;e)未來職業計劃。

如果對方學校有要求，還應附上“個人簡歷”、學習成績、研究成果的摘要等。

雖然申請信需要表現自己去爭取機會，但其語言不應過于夸張，避免使用像excellent，remarkable，wonderful，great之類的形容詞吹捧申請的學校或夸耀自己，而應自然而平實。其常用套語有：

I am a student in..., expecting to graduate with a Bachelor’s degree this summer.I am interested in...and plan to apply for admission for(time).I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in...I should be pleased to forward my credentials, such as references, transcripts and photocopies of IELTS scores.（4）詢問信（Letters of Inquiry）

詢問信是請求對方提供需要信息的信件。可分三大部分：引言部分自我介紹并講明詢問目的。發展部分是詢問的主要內容，如果包括多個方面，為了讓對方一目了然，也便于回答，在內容的安排上應簡明扼要，可以用數字列出具體問題，如first, second, third或1、2、3。結尾部分真誠地感謝對方。

由于詢問有可能給對方帶來麻煩，所以措辭要謙虛、誠懇。其常用套語有： 引言：As a student at...university, I am preparing for...Your answers to the questions below would help me...www.tmdps.cn;免費考研輔導視頻

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As we are particularly interested in..., we should be grateful if you would kindly...發展：Could you please send me the relevant information and application form? 結尾：Your answer will contribute to my project.I would appreciate receiving your answer by...(time).（5）投訴信

投投訴信是因為對服務、商品等不滿而向諸如商店、廠家、消費者協會等相關負責機構寫的信件。寫此類信件時候，應注意寫信的目的不僅僅是表示不滿，更重要的是讓對方了解并解決你所遇到的問題。因此投訴信的內容可包括：

1)反映問題。比如應具體說明什么質量問題，并提供確切的發票，問題的內容要明確而具體。2)說明由此問題所帶來的不便、比如時間或精神上的損失等，內容要實事求是。3)提出解決方案，賠償方法和方式等，所提出的要求要合理。

4)結尾既要提出希望，比如要求對方盡快解決問題，同時又要為對方做出的努力表示感謝，這樣對方才可能以積極的態度處理并解決你的問題。投訴信的語氣要堅決，但注意禮貌用詞，不宜過分尖銳，敘述問題時用過去時態。其常用套語有： 引言：I am returning...which I bought from your store in...(time).I must complain about...發展：This has put us to great inconvenience.Therefore, I am returning...and would greatly appreciate if you could replace it.結尾：We hope that you will understand our expectation of the compensation for our damaged goods.I would be grateful if this matter would have your immediate attention.Having been given your excellent reputation, I am sure you will do everything possible to...（6）建議信

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建議信是寫信人希望對解決問題有所幫助而向相關部門或者個人寫的信件，其主要目的是提出自己的意見，希望對方能夠采納并采取相應行動。為了達到交際目的，所提建議要合理、可行、容易讓對方接受。除此之外還需要注意語氣要和善，要與對方拉近距離而不可盛氣凌人。

建議信的內容一般包括：1）提出亟待解決的問題；2）分析造成問題的原因；3）提出解決辦法。常用套語有：

提出問題：It seems that …(not have desired effects, not have obtained the full attention;be not satisfactory/ perfect;have harmful/ deadly/ serious/negative effects)I am …(deeply/ really/ seriously/ terribly/greatly)concerned / worried / sad / confused about… 分析原因：Currently, … especially …;Therefore,…;This leads to…;one of the factors is …;It is understood that if…it will….提出解決方法：In order to combat the growing problem of… , … should reduce/ increase/ ensure…;I think it would be more beneficial if you could….;I think it would be helpful to….（7）道歉信

道歉信是寫信人對未盡之事向收信人表示歉意。所有道歉信都需要注意的是：解釋的理由要真實而詳細，態度要誠懇、語言要誠摯，從而使收信人理解，并達到最終諒解。道歉信的內容可包括：1）表示歉意并說明道歉的事因；2）解釋自己的難處或苦衷；3）請求原諒或提出補救的方法。

常用套語有：

表達歉意：There’s no excuse for … I forgot to ….I am indeed very sorry for …, but believe I had no intention to… Here is my deepest apology for...Please forgive me for …

解釋苦衷：The fact is that I had …/ Unfortunately I …/ I had a small accident …/ I have some urgent business to deal with My behavior yesterday was inexcusable, and I must tell you how …

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請求原諒提出補救方法：I want you to know how badly feel about… and to assure you that it will not happen again.I realize that particular… is irreplaceable, but I hope you will use the enclosed check to purchase a similar one.I hope this situation can be mended to everyone’s satisfaction.I can only hope you will forgive … on my part.（8）感謝信

感謝信的目的是感激對方為自己的付出，感激之情要傳達得真摯自然，不要刻意夸大。感謝信所涉及的內容多種多樣，比如可以感謝對方替自己做了一件事情，在自己痛苦時安慰了自己，出席了自己的宴會等等。其內容包括：1）表達感激之情2）回顧事情的經過 3）肯定對方幫助的價值以及對自己的影響，表達自己回報的愿望。

常用套語有：

表達感激之情：Thanks so much for…；Abundant thanks to … for…

I’m writing to express my heartfelt thanks for …

On behalf of my whole family, I wish to extend our heartfelt thanks for all the trouble you had taken in …I must write to thank you for inviting me to…

肯定對方幫助的價值及影響：You will never know how much we appreciated your kind and practical help.Your …meant more than I can express in words.Nothing can be more precious for me than your…

表達回報的愿望：I hope I can return the favor someday … Do call on me if I can ever return the favor.感謝信中比較特殊是求職者面試后給面試官寫的信。此類感謝信的內容不只是感謝，而是一般感謝信和求職信的結合。其主要內容包括：（1）感謝對方給你面談的機會，并注明你面試的時間和所求的職位；（2）說明你對該公司、該職位的興趣，強調你的知識與技能符合公司的需要，表示自己能為公司的發展做出貢獻。也可以補充說明或澄清在面談中忽略或沒有講明的問題（3）重申你對該職位的興趣，主動提供更多的材料，表示期待他們的消息。

二、其他應用文

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（一）告示與通知Notice and Announcement 告示、通知之類的應用文，寫法靈活多樣，有正式和非正式等多種形式，其目的均為告訴公眾某件事或某項活動。文字要求簡潔易懂，表達直截了當。這部分又可分為兩類，一類是有關部門就某事發出的通知或張貼的告示，此類文件要求結構嚴謹，用詞確切，通常使用比較正式的文體。另一類是關于會議或活動的簡單通知，此類文章至少需要包含以下內容：時間、地點、活動內容。

（二）便箋(便條)Note 便箋是一種簡短信函，形式比書信簡單，多使用非正式文體。內容可包括：時間、收信人、事由、寫信人。通常不寫發信人地址，開頭甚至可以略去Dear等稱呼,結尾也可略去祝賀的話和Yours sincerely等語言。其使用語言特點是通常情況下比一般的信函更接近口語。由于寫信人和收信人對互相的情況都十分熟悉，因此一般的客套話均省略。

（三）備忘錄 Memo 備忘錄的主要作用是為雇員傳達信息，它一般局限于公司或部門內部的交流，本公司或部門之外的人一般看不到。其主要功能包括：1.提供會議摘要；2.為主管人員與職員之間的交流提供更便捷的渠道；3.確認電話交談或會面的內容。

備忘錄一般使用非正式文體，但也可以根據內容及收文人與發文人之間關系而具體決定，例如向上級報道重要事情就需要使用正式文體。如果備忘錄內容不止一個，則可以采取分段的形式，也可采用數字編號。

備忘錄的結構形式一般包括以下幾個部分：（1）標題：Memo位于第一行正中。

（2）信頭（Headings）：包括To，From，Subject和Date等措詞。To后面接收件人姓名、職務等；From后面接備忘錄寫作者的姓名（注意作者姓名前面不用Dr.，Miss，Mr.，Ms之類的稱呼）；Subject后是備忘錄主要內容的概括性小標題；Date后寫日期。

（3）正文段落：主題下面空兩行寫正文，不用稱呼和結尾禮詞。

（4）打字員姓名首字母（Reference Initials）：寫在正文末行空一行的地方。

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（5）附件（Enclosure）

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第二篇：考研英語 應用文寫作

考研應用文寫作(A節作文)一.應用文寫作要求: 1 內容全面(覆蓋面)2 語言自然(詞匯豐富,銜接手段的應用)3 語法正確 語域得體(正式與非正式)5 格式正確

二.寫作類型:1信件(私人及公務)備忘錄摘要報告

三.寫作總體把握:確定文章格式 與語域,抓住關鍵詞,合理想象, 確定文章內容與結構

應用文分類破解 信件寫作

(A)信件格式:稱呼 正文 結束語

簽名 第一段自我介紹句型: I am

(a staff member of)_____________.寫作目的句型: I am writing the letter in purpose of _____________.感謝對方來信的句型: It is really a surprise to receive your letter of June 18.Your letter of June 18th has arrived.What a pleasing surprise!

thThank you for your letter of June 18.2 結尾段句型: 1)表示感謝:My thanks to you for your general help are beyond words.I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me.I apologize for all the inconvenienced I have Caused

2)期待回信

I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.I look forward to hearing from you soon.B 求學信寫作

1首段: 自我介紹,申請原因, 說明寫信目的 2 主體:自己的背景資料,詢問對方學校的資料結尾: 希望盡快收到答復,表示感謝與期待

常用句型:

th1)I am writing to inquire about the entrance to your university.2)I wish to apply to your esteemed department as a postgraduate student.3)Your university is a well-staffed and well-equipped institute with a long history and a fine tradition of scholarship.4)Would you please be kind to furnish me with some related information?(P27)

C 投訴信 自我介紹,引出投訴內容 2 描述個人經歷

時間、地點。First, …..then…..Later,….Next,….Soon,…..Eventually,….引起有關人員或公眾注意,避免再次發生 4 希望能盡快得到滿意答復 常用句型: 1 I’m writing to put forward some opinions about I’m writing to complain about I’m writing to you to express my dissatisfaction with 4 I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.D 求職信 說明信息來源,表明寫作目的和應聘職位.2 詳述個人經歷和能力:教育程度,所學專業(或詢問薪水待遇)3 希望獲得面試機會,提供聯系方式,感謝對方關心 常用句型: I have read your advertisement in _____, and I should be grateful if you could consider me favorable for this position.2 I am writing to apply for the position of __________ which you advertised in ____.3 I am writing to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of ___ you have advertised in I graduated from the ________ university majoring in ______.I have been working in ______ since my graduation, and therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.I would appreciate it if you could grant me an interview so that I could explain in more details.6 With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than ___ 7 If you want to know more about me, please contact me at ________.求職信范文

Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress.Enclosed with the letter is my resume, which further details my qualifications and previous work experience.Not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job, but my personality is well suited to working as a waitress.I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages.I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discuss the possibility of working at your restaurant.Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future.Your sincerely Li Ming The principle of hard work applies to 應用文寫作(二)推薦信寫作

第一段:介紹自己背景,與被推薦人的關系以及為何事推薦

常用句型: As________(自己的背景或者與被推薦者的關系), I take great pleasure in recommending _________for acceptance into(for the position of)________.I am_________.I am writing with pleasure to recommend _____, one of my favorite students, as far as all that I know, for the position in your company.第二段:具體說明被推薦者的細節 常用句型: With good educational background and excellent character, ______ is qualified to apply for an appropriate position in your company.第三段:表示期待以及愿意進一步提供信息 常用句型: A long journey begins with the first step.As far as I know of him, I am very pleased to write this letter of reference to support ______, a very promising young man to apply for ________.If you want to know more information about him, please don’t hesitate to contact me at _____.According to my knowledge of him in the past three years, I believe _____is qualified for this position.Should you need any further information about this student, please feel free to contact me ______.感謝信句型

Please accept my belated thanks for__________.I really appreciated your ___________.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for _________.備忘錄寫作 Date: To: From: Subject: 正文:

通知的寫作

Notice /announcement All students are requested to be present at the meeting to be held in the school auditorium on Saturday , January 14, 2005 at 3:00 pm.The meeting scheduled to take place this Tuesday is postponed until further notice.寫作病句回顧 There are many ways to know the society.For example, by TV, radio and newspapers.2 When he made the decision.He found he began to regret.English is a compulsory course in many colleges, and a student must pass it before he earns his degree.4 The problem is that your brain is less and less efficient, your process is slower and slower.However, there are still many students applying for teaching positions, teachers are very popular in our society.6 Take photos is my habit during travel.7 Our class has more than 200 students, often forcing me to sit on the floor.8 Because I want to be a scientist, so I worked very hard.9 I want to buy something that you will like it.Knowledge, it is the most important things of our world.To make progress, many factors have to be taken into account.12 In Nanjing, the weather is fine, you can enjoy your life here.Getting married is easy, staying married is a difficult matter.To learn English well is not an easy work.15 But it may occur many problems.16 Being a professor needs knowledge, patience and your virtue.Seeing this, many thoughts came into his mind.However people who hold the view :global shortage of fresh water On the top of that, with the increasing of the factory.(前面句號改成逗號,前面不是一個完整的句子)There will need fresh water For example , a child lives with his parent for 18 years, when he go to university , he even don’t know what clothes to wear in every seasons.there is（刪除）the flower fades in the same situation without the green house.Face(facing)this situation, drastic measure have be taken to and this unhealthy trend This picture vividly depicts that the athlete rushing to the end of line that is marked “start” in front and “end” in behind.But others do not agree with it, and believe there is several opportunity in everyone.more and more people come to realize that(刪除)the important of kownledge.

第三篇：考研英語應用文寫作

隨著2011考研報名工作的正式啟動，1月份的考試離我們越來越近了，要參加2011考研的考生神經又要繃緊一些了。這里，與大家分享一下有關考研英語寫作中書信寫作的方法常用技巧等，掌握了這些，相信此類題型的提分會有很大幫助。

書信題型寫作是應用文寫作中常見的功能性寫作形式，書信寫作的準備一是宏觀，就是要掌握它的格式，基本框架，就是先寫什么，后寫什么；二是微觀，具體到語言如何使用。

一、書信寫作考察的結構

① 日期，寫信人應將寫信日期(年，月，日)放在書信正文的右上角，如Jan.30th, 2010。提醒：考研書信寫作沒有要求考生必須寫時間，如果沒有把握自己的時間書寫格式是正確的，建議考生不要寫，以免出錯反而扣分。

② 稱呼，稱呼是寫信人對收信人的稱謂，稱呼可以根據收信人的性別，職務，婚姻狀況，姓名等個人信息來寫，如：Mr.Williams, Mrs.Bush, Professor Li, Dr.Smith, Dear Mum and Dad

如果寫信人不清楚收信人的具體姓名，職務等情況，可以寫：Dear Sir or Madam, To whom it may concern。

③ 正文，正文是書信的主要部分，在稱呼下方隔一或兩行處開始。考生寫正文時，要分層次進行。書信正文通常由引言，展開段和結尾三個層次組成。

· 引言，引言表明寫信人的寫信目的和寫信背景，一般僅限于一段，一兩句話即可。

提醒：此處考生容易犯一個錯誤：照抄題目的表達，甚至原句，這是一個嚴重的錯誤，在閱卷過程至少會扣到2分，希望廣大考生要注意。

· 展開段，展開段內容應詳實，具體。可以分為若干段來寫，每一段圍繞一個主題展開。提醒：提醒廣大考生，題干中的要點必須全部包含，考生若是在漏掉一個要點（一般小作文有3個要點）會至少扣掉3分。

· 結尾，結尾部分通常比引言部分短，使用一兩句話表達一下希望或祝愿。

④ 結束語，結束語是寫信人對收信人的謙稱，寫在正文下面二至三行處。公務等較正式的信件多采用Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours faithfully, Yours truly 等；私人信件，多采用Yours, With love, Yours affectionately 等。

⑤ 簽名，簽名應寫在結束語的下面。

二、主體段語言的操作

書信按照指令邊想邊寫。主體第一段一句話，開門見山，提出寫信的目的，表明信的性質：是投訴信還是申請信還是請求信？我為什么要寫這封信？常用句式包括：

I am writing to complain about...I am writing to thank...for.../express my gratitude for...I am writing to ask for...I am writing to apply for...正文第二段，100個字左右，8、9句話。

此段寫作的中心任務是把題目中的提綱進行擴展。如果有3條提綱，可以每一條提綱擴充3句。怎么樣擴充，主要是發揮點小小的想象力，有兩種思路，一是將上義拆分成為若干下義，二是把一件事情說得更為形象具體。比如第一條指令，題目里面說是books，可以細化為各種各樣的書，這就是下義拆分法。還可以具體描寫一下這些書是什么樣子的。同樣第二個指令里面的methods of payment,和第三個指令里面的time and way of delivery都可以采用這兩種方法進行擴展。

結尾，一般為禮貌性的套話，一般都是焦急等待著您的回信I am looking forward to your reply足以，或者I would appreciate it if you could send a replay at your earliest convenience也行。

以下為書信寫作中常用的經典句型參考，希望大家在寫作中活學活用。

常用起首語

1)I am much pleased to inform you that.......2)I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.3)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.4)In reply to your letter dated July 4, I want to say...5)Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22, 2000.6)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.7)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.8)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.9)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.10)First of all,I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that...12)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.13)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations....常用結束語

1)Looking forward to your early reply

2)Hoping to hear from you soon

3)I hope to hear from you very soon.4)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.5)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.6)I hope everything will be well with you.7)Please let us know if you want more information.8)I wish you very success in the coming year.9)Please remember me to your family.10)With best regards to your family.11)All the best.12)With love and good wishes.求職申請信常用句型

1.In reply to your advertisement in ~,I respectfully offer my services for the situation.2.With reference to your advertisement in ~ for a / an ~,I offer myself for the post.3.Please consider me an applicant for the position which you advertised in ~.4.Having noticed the enclosed advertisement in ~,I wish to apply for the position referred to.5.In answer to your advertisement in ~ for a ~,I wish to tender my services.6.Your advertisement for a ~ in ~ has interested me.I feel I can fill that position.7.Shall you need an experienced ~ for your ~ next SUMMER?

8.I have been for over five years in the employment of a / an ~ company

9.I have been in the business for the last ~ years, and worked as the director of the...department.10.I've had ~ years' experience with a company as a ~.11.For the last ~ years, I have been and still am a / an ~.12.I'm ~ years of age, female / male, and have had ~ years' experience in a limited company's ~ office

13.I should be very glad to have a personal interview and can furnish references if desired.14.If you desire an interview, I shall be most happy to call in person, on any day and at any time you may appoint.15.Should you think favorably of my application, kindly grant me an interview.16.I trust that you'll give this application your favorable consideration.17.Should you give me a trial, I'll do my utmost to afford you every satisfaction.申訴信常用句型

1.I am sorry to say that we are greatly inconvenienced by the fact that ~.2.I am writing this letter to complain about ~.3.I really must complain about the quality of the ~ I recently got from your company.4.You seem to have supplied us with a product that falls far below the standard we expect.5.The ~ I ordered from your store arrived broken.Obviously, no packing had been placed in the box before it was sent from the warehouse.6.It is now over ~ since we made the above order with you, but the ~ we need badly now haven't arrived yet.7.The product I purchased from you ~ proved to be quite a disappointment.Although it looks exactly the same as the one I saw in your commercial, it actually does not perform the same way.8.As I have no interest in receiving a replacement, I am returning the product to you and demand that a full refund be made to me.9.I'd appreciate it very much if you refund the money I have paid for it.10.We would appreciate it if you would arrange for the replacement of the damaged items.感謝信常用句型

1.Let me tell you how much I liked / appreciated / enjoyed...2.I want you to know how much we / I appreciate...3.We appreciate your taking time to...4.I don't know how I would have managed without your help

5.I hope I can return the favor someday

6.Do let me know if I can ever return the favor

第四篇：考研英語應用文寫作攻略

考研英語應用文寫作攻略

雖然大綱中羅列了多種應用文類型，包括：投訴信，建議信，申請信，求職信，辭職信，求學信，求助信，感謝信，號召信，邀請信，道歉信，摘要，簡歷，備忘錄，尋物啟事，招領啟事等，但是在具體的實踐中，常常考到的是書信和摘要。尤其在近幾年的考研中，應用文寫作考的最多的就是書信體應用文。因此本章將詳細講解各類書信以及摘要的寫作方法。

投訴信又可稱為抱怨信，其主要目的是表達寫信人對于某一情況的不滿。人們在生活中經常會遇到一些不愉快的事情，比如消費利益受損、正常生活和工作受到干擾等等，有時寫封投訴信不失為一個解決辦法。

投訴信通常包括以下幾個方面的內容：說明投訴的原因并表示遺憾;實事求是地闡述問題發生的經過，切忌夸大其詞;指出問題引起的后果;提出批評及處理意見，或敦促對方采取措施，或提出所希望的賠償以及補救方式。

投訴信的寫作策略：說明投訴問題——描述具體情況——期待解決方案。

注意事項：寫投訴信時語氣要冷靜、鄭重、克制，不必過于禮貌。但也要就事論事，不能進行人身攻擊。同時，在描述問題時盡量采用被動句式，使描述更加客觀合理。

例題一

Directions:

You bought an iPhone in a store last week, and you have found that there is something wrong with it.Write a letter to the store manager to explain the problem, express your complaints and suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)

范文：

Dear Manager，I venture to write to complain about the quality of the iPhone I bought last Friday at your store.I hope I can have a good solution to the problem facing me.During the five days when the iPhone has been in my possession, problems of software have emerged one after another.For one thing, the screen is always black, making the iPhone no difference from a traditional one.For another, the battery is distressing as it supports the iPhone’s operation for only two hours.Therefore, I wish to exchange it for another one or declare a refund.I will appreciate it if my problem receives due attention.Yours，Li Ming

尊敬的經理：

我很冒昧給您寫這封信，投訴我上周五在您商店里購買的iPhone手機的質量問題。我也希望我的問題能有很好的解決。

購買至今的五天中，各種軟件問題一個接一個地出現。一方面，手機屏幕總是黑屏，我使用起來仿佛和傳統手機沒有區別。另一方面，電池的狀況也不盡如人意，只能讓手機工作兩個小時。因此，我希望可以換一個新機，否則我要求退款。

我希望這個問題能夠得到足夠的重視。

李明

謹上

例題二

Directions：

You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting.He/She has parties in the room

and sometimes borrows your things without asking you.Write a letter to the accommodation officer at the college:

1)asking for a new room next term，2)stating that you would prefer a single room and

3)explaining your reasons.You should write with no less than 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.(10 points)

范文

Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing to inform you that I wish to move into a new room next term.I would prefer a single room, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him;for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.In addition, he sometimes borrows my things without asking me.In these circumstances, I find it difficult to concentrate on my studies, and I am falling behind in my assignments.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own, where I will be free from such distractions.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.Yours sincerely，Li Ming

尊敬的女士或先生：

我寫此信的目的是要告訴您我希望下學期換個房間，我想要一間單人房，因為我目前合住的住所很不方便。

我提出這一要求是因為我室友做事從不考慮別人。他總有朋友來拜訪，還常舉行喧鬧的聚會。并且，有時他還不經我同意就借走了我的東西。在這種情況下，我覺得沒法專心學習，我現在功課就落后了。

我相信您也會覺得解決的辦法是換個單間，那樣我就不會受到這些干擾了。如果您能幫我找到一間單人房我將不勝感激。我還希望新宿舍不要和現在的宿舍在同一幢樓內，而是離學校越近越好。

第五篇：英語寫作考研應用文

考研應用文范文

一.私人信函

范文1(朋友出國，問候他)Directions: One of your best friends, Mary, moved to another city a few days ago.Write a keepintouch letter to her, telling her you missed her, asking how she is going on, and introducing the latest information about yourself.Write in no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Lily instead.Dear Mary，You’ve been on my mind a lot the past few days;I have been missing you so much.Now I feel it was time to sit down and write.Are you settled in yet? Have you met any of your new friends? Things are not a piece of cake for you in a new place.It seems as if you’ve been gone forever.One sad fact about human nature is that we don’t seem to appreciate what we have till it’s gone.That’s how I’m feeling now.So much has happened since you left;I have been to the police station once, because my wallet was stolen on the bus.And I had to prepare for the CET six, I feel extremely exhausted these days.Fortunately, the exam is over, so I get time to write to you.Be sure to write soon.I’m eager to hear from you.Affectionately，Lily

范文2（阿姨送禮，感謝她）

Directions: Your aunt subscribed 21st Century for you as a present.Write a letter to your aunt, expressing your thankfulness, telling her how you like it.Write in no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Ella instead.Dear aunt，Thank you very much for the subscription to訂閱 21st Century for me.I have received the latest edition by post mail.Someone must have told you that it is my favorite newspaper;and of course, you know it is very helpful for me to enlarge my vocabulary and enhance my reading comprehension through reading English newspapers.Every week the arrival of a new copy will mean new studying projects to me, and seeing the newspaper will remind me of your kind love.You couldn’t have chosen a better present for me.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely yours，Ella 二.邀請信

范文

Directions: You want to invite Mr.Williams to give a lecture on “American literature” in your college.Supposed you are the assistant of the English department, write a letter and say:

1)the purpose of the invitation.2)the time of the lecture.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Linda instead.Dear Mr.Williams，I am writing on behalf of the English Department(代表校英語系)to invite you to give a lecture in our college.We know that you are an expert on American literature.As English majors, our students would like to know something about American literature.We would be very grateful if you could give a talk on “Contemporary American Literature” to students of the English Department on Saturday, June 4.If this subject does not suit you, any other similar topic would be welcome as well.We have already had several very interesting talks from some distinguished visitors from various countries and we look forward early to the opportunity to benefit from your experience and wisdom.Yours truly，Linda 三.感謝信

范文

Directions: While your family was on vacation, your friend, Cathy looked after your dog, smart.Now you came back, write a letter to her to show your gratitude.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Emily instead.Dear Cathy，I am writing to express our heartfelt thanks for taking good care of Smart(狗名)while we were on holiday.He was such a happy dog when we got home;we knew he must have had lots of loving attention.When we used to pick up from the kennel（寄存中心）he would whimper（難過）and carry on for hours.You not only saved us some money, you also spared us the worry of how he was doing while we were away.Your kind help is very much appreciated, not only by smart, but also by our whole family as well.Yours truly，Emily

四.道歉信

范文

Directions: one of your pen friends, John, will be visiting your city.However, for some reasons, you can not meet him at the airport on time.Write a letter asking to wait for you at the airport and tell him how to recognize you.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Alice instead.Dear John，I am eagerly looking forward to your visit to our city.After all these years of writing to each other, I can not wait to see you.However, I regret to inform you that I will not be able to meet you at the airport on time.The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning, and the earliest I can reach the airport will be about an hour after you land.Will you please wait for me in the arrival lounge(旅客休息室)? You can have breakfast while you wait.By the way, as we have never met I must tell you home to identify me: I am of 165cm tall and have a long hair.In addition, I will wear a white skirt and carry a China Daily at hand.Hope we can meet soon.Sincerely yours，Alice

五.祝賀信

范文

Directions: Your friend Jack has got his master’s degree.Write a letter to show your congratulations.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Wang Li instead.Dear Jack，Heartfelt congratulations on your graduation from the Graduate School.I have good reasons to feel proud of you.I know the degree of master meant many years of assiduous study 勤奮學習and hard work.Now you have come through with flying colors and high honors勝利而光榮地.I have heard of your excellent record in research and extracurricular activities課外活動.In this you took the right road to emerge as a fully-developed young man to society.I take pride in your achievements and avail myself of this opportunity to extend to you my best wishes for your success and happiness.Yours sincerely，Wang Li

六.介紹信

范文

Directions: one of your friends Mary Brown is going to enter Mr.Johnson’s school after her graduation.Write a letter to Mr.Johnson to introduce her.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Emma instead.Dear Mr.Johnson，I take great pleasure in introducing Mary Brown one of my classmates and best friends to you.She is going to pursue her education as a postgraduate in your university after her graduation here.She and I had lived and studied together for four years.No friend deserves so much love and respect as she does.Now that we have finished our study here we had to part with each other.Will you please give her some guidance in regard to the entrance examination? Any information you can provide, as well as your introduction for him to meet the future tutor shall be appreciated very much.Yours truly，Emma 七.申請信

范文

Directions: You want to apply for a job as a personal secretary to the general manager of a company.Write a letter to the Human Resources Department of that company offering your services.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Anita instead.Dear Sir or Madam，I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a personal secretary to the general manager.I am fully confident that I am the right person for the job.I know that my future boss have lots of work each day, however, it is exactly the challenge inherent in my perspective job that attracts me and makes me to submit(投遞)this application to you.I have worked as the private secretary in an insurance company for two years and gained many experiences.I believe my qualifications and work experiences will combine to produce an excellent work performance.I would like to meet you to discuss the possibility of working in your company at a continent time.I can be reached at 8976-5678.Thank you for considering my application.Please contact me at your earliest convenience.Yours sincerely，Anita

八.建議信

范文

Directions: Your local library intends to improve its service and facilities.As a regular library use, please write a letter to the chief librarian, offering your suggestions.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Donna instead.Dear Sir or Madam，I am glad to hear that the library is to take some measures to improve its service and facilities.So I am writing to offer my proposals.(建議)

We all know that libraries play a vital role in the education and entertainment of the general reader.In my opinion, our library should do its best to purchase the latest publications as well as make sure that it has a full set of classical and reference works.Another important facility I suggest is the Internet via computers（電子圖書館）.In this way, the library will expand its services to a larger number of readers.All in all, I think a library should take all necessary measures to keep up with the times.I will highly appreciate your consideration of my proposals.Yours sincerely，Donna 九.投訴信

范文

Directions: You found something wrong with the telephone bill you have received from the local post office.You made a call to inquire about this;however the person who answered the call was very rude.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the post office, explaining the situation and giving your suggestions for improvement.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Donna instead.Dear Sir，I am writing to let you know the deplorable(可嘆的)attitude of one of your staff member.I received my telephone bill for the previous month from you and thought there were some errors in calculation: I had been overcharged for two overseas calls.國際長途費用

However, when I called your Complaints Department, the girl who answered my phone was very rude.For one thing she interrupted me continually, for another she even said that the fault was my own.Needless to say, such a way of dealing with customers is unacceptable.I would like to suggest that the girl in question should be disciplined, and instructed on the proper way to deal with clients.And I hope she can make formal apology to me.An early response will be appreciated.Sincerely yours，Donna 十.咨詢信

范文

Directions: You are going to study at a foreign university.Write a letter inquiring about the specific information as regards accommodation, fees and qualifications there.Your letter should be no less than 100 words.You don’t need to write the address.Don’t sign your own name at the end of the letter, use Li Hua instead.Dear Sir or Madam，I am a Chinese student who wishes to pursue further study at your university.I plan to start my course next semester, and it would be highly appreciated if you would provide me with some essential information.First, how much are the tuition fees? Though I intend to be self-supporting, I would be interested to know if there are any scholarships available for international students.Second, I wonder what qualifications I need to follow a course at your university, now I have got a master’s degree in a Chinese university, is it enough? Third, as regards to accommodations, if possible, I would like to have a single room, but if single rooms are expensive, I would be willing to share.I am looking forward to your reply, and to attending your esteemed institution.貴校

Yours sincerely，Li Hua

十一.備忘錄

范文

Directions: Someone put forward a proposal to adopt the “punch-in” system打卡考勤制度 in her memo in June 12, 2006.Write a memo備忘錄 to her with the information below.Your memo should be in no less than 100 words.To: Mr.Brown manager of operations

From: Betty Green Supervisor

Subject: comments on the “punchin” system

Date: September 21

This is further to your memo dated back to June 12, 2006, in which you proposed that the employees adopt the “punch-in” system.I fully agree with you that we should take measures to increase the productivity工作效率 and that we would have a tighter control over the employees if the “punch-in” system is adopted.However, honestly speaking, I don’t think that adopting a tighter system will increase productivity.The most effective way to increase productivity, in my opinion, is to give the employees more incentives鼓勵 to work.I think we could further discuss other possibility of achieving this goal.Your consideration of this suggestion would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely，Betty Green 十二.摘要

范文

Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 100 words.Student Rights---By Jeff Bakersfield

Who knows better than the students themselves what a university should do for them and how they should be treated? Yet how often do students have any say at all in such important issues as faculty selection, curriculum planning, and scheduling? The answer is obvious: never.If university administrations refuse to include student representatives in the decision-making process, something drastic must be done.Let’s examine what is happening right here on our own campus in the areas mentioned above.The first major issue is the selection of faculty members.Never in the history of this college has a student been permitted to interview, examine the credentials of, or even meet prospective professors.All hiring is done by a joint administrative-faculty committee, often made up of people who will not even have extensive dealings with the individuals after they begin teaching.Those who have the most at stake and whose lives and academic careers will be governed by the professorsnever even meet the new teachers until the first class meeting.No one is better equipped to evaluate a professor’s ability to communicate with students than those whom he or she intends to teach.Anyone can read curriculum vitae to ascertain the level of professional training and experience someone has had, but the best judges of a teacher’s ability to teach, which is the primary function of any professor, are undoubtedly the students themselves.www.tmdps.cn 2005-8-13 2:39:46

Students’ interest in and commitment to appropriate curricula are even more obvious.We have come to college with very specific purposes in mind: to prepare ourselves intellectually and practically for the future.We know what we need to learn in order to compete successfully with others in our chosen fields.Why should we be kept out of the curriculum planning process? If we pay for the textbooks, spend hours in the library doing research, and burn the midnight oil studying for tests and exams, why are we not permitted to give our opinions about the materials we will spend so many hours studying? It is imperative that our views be made known to curriculum planners.Finally, the area of scheduling is of vital interest to students.The hours at which classes are offered affect the workings of our daily lives.Many of us must juggle work and class schedules, but often administrators ignore such problems when they schedule classes.Schedules must be convenient and flexible so that all students have equal opportunities to take the most popular classes and those which are most essential to their majors.If students helped with scheduling, never would there be two required courses offered at the same time for only one semester per academic year.Never would we have to wait two or three semesters to take a course that is a prerequisite for other desired courses, nor would we have to race across campus in ten minutes to get from one class to the next.Students are vitally concerned with the scheduling area.W004-5-27 22:15:08

In the 1960s and early 1970s, students were not too shy or fearful to demonstrate against the injustices they saw in the draft system and the Vietnam conflict.Why should students today be afraid to voice their opinions about the very important issues that affect their very lives? It is imperative that students act to protect their own rights.Fellow university students, I urge that you meet together and draw up demands to be presented to the administration.We must take the future in our own hands, not be led to it like passive sheep.Let us act now so that we will not be sorry later!

Summary(摘要)

In his essay, Student Rights, Jeff Bakersfield stated that students had the right to be involved in university administrative decisions.Using the current situation on his own college campus as an example, he emphasized that students should be included in decisions regarding selection of faculty, curriculum planning, and scheduling of classes.He pointed out that students not only had more vital interests in the decisions made in these areas than those who traditionally settle the issues, but that they were also better equipped through their experiences as students to make intelligent decisions about them.Bakersfield concluded by stating that it was crucial for students to become actively involved in protesting unilateral administrative decisions and proposed that they meet to discuss their mutual interests and demands.譯文:

在學生的權利一文中，Jeff Bakersfield強調學生有權利參與學校行政決定的過程。他舉了他所在學校作為例子，強調學生應該參與到員工招募、課程設置和課時安排等方面的決定。他指出學生對這些決定比那些做決定的人更感興趣，另外，讓他們做出關系切身利益的決定使他們更能成為好學生。Bakersfield 總結到學生應該主動要求打破原來單邊決定模式，學生應該在一起討論他們共同的興趣和要求。

十三.報告

Directions: You are now preparing for your graduation paper on the advantage and disadvantage of electronic mail;write a progress report to your tutor telling him what you have done last week.Your report should be no less than 100 words.To: Professor Barbara Felton

From: James Green

Date: April 12, 2005

Subject: First progress report on research paper

This is the first of the two progress reports you asked me to submit about my research paper on the advantages and disadvantages of electronic mail.Last week, I gathered information from library materials and from an interview.Of the twelve references listed on my proposal, I found only nine, for others I will go to search in a larger library.As far as interview concerned, I had an extended interview with Mr.Moore of General Dynamics, who gave me some brochures as well as a copy of a report on electronic mail he wrote for General Dynamics-materials I hope to use in my paper.Starting tomorrow, I will begin organizing my paper.I will be able to submit a rough draft by the end of this month.Sincerely yours，James Green

譯文

這是您要求我做的有關電子郵件的利與弊論文的兩個進展報告中的第一篇。

上周我收集的資料主要來源于圖書館和采訪。您建議的12本參考書，我只找到了9本，其他的我準備到大些的圖書館去找。

至于采訪，我對研究基礎動力學的摩爾先生進行了一次深入的采訪。他給了我一些介紹，同時還有一份他寫的關于電子郵件的報告，我打算放到我的論文中。

從明天開始，我要開始組織我的論文。在月底應該可以將草稿給您看。

您誠摯的：詹姆士·格林