第一篇：2011.1駐英大使劉曉明在倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院中國發(fā)展論壇上的演講

2011年1月22日，中華人民共和國駐英國大使劉曉明應邀出席倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院（LSE）中國發(fā)展學會舉辦的主題為“中國的國際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)”的2011中國發(fā)展論壇，并在論壇開幕式上發(fā)表了主旨演講。以下為演講全文：

中國與世界合作共贏

——中國駐英國大使劉曉明在倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院中國發(fā)展論壇上的演講

2011年1月22日，倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院

Mutual Benefit Through Collaboration – China & the World--Keynote Speech by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the LSE China Development Forum 2011 January 2011, LSE, London 尊敬的戴維斯院長，女士們，先生們： Sir Howard Davies, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，感謝戴維斯院長的盛情邀請，使我有機會來到倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院（LSE）發(fā)表演講。

May I begin by thanking Sir Howard for this honour of speaking at the London School of Economics and Political Science.其實，我與LSE還很有緣分。這是我第二次訪問LSE。上一次是我剛上任不久來LSE出席“漢語橋”英國賽區(qū)的預賽。那是我來英國后的第一場公共活動，也是第一次演講。由于預賽在LSE舉行，又逢虎年，英國選手個個虎虎生威，一路過關斬將，最后倫敦大學亞非學院的蔣思哲（Stewart Johnson）獲特等獎，開了英國選手在世界大學生“漢語橋”中文比賽總決賽中奪冠之先河。他們應感謝LSE給他們帶來的好運。

In fact, this is my second visit to the LSE.I made my first public appearance and first speech as the Chinese Ambassador to the UK at the LSE.That was when I attended the Ninth Chinese Proficiency Competition here.As the competition was held in the LSE, and it was shortly after the start of the Year of Tiger, the British contestants put on a vigorous and truly outstanding performance.I'm glad to say that Stewart Johnson, an undergraduate at SOAS won the competition in the UK and went on to win the top prize in Beijing, becoming the first ever British student to win this prize.Maybe he should thank the LSE for this good luck.當然，真正讓LSE聞名于世的還是它深厚的學術底蘊，使它成為社會科學教學與研究領域的知名學府。LSE也是國際化程度最高的學府之一，培養(yǎng)了140多個國家和地區(qū)的精英。值得一提的是，LSE與中國頗有淵源，中國一些杰出的外交官都曾在LSE深造，其中有中國現(xiàn)任外長楊潔篪先生。近年來到LSE求學的中國學生日益增加，目前已超過500人。

The LSE has a well-deserved reputation for academic excellence.It prides itself on its diversity of students from over 140 countries.Many of them then returned home to become leaders in their respective fields.Among them are some distinguished Chinese diplomats, including the current Chinese Foreign Minister Mr Yang Jiechi.I am delighted to learn that the LSE is now home to over 500 Chinese students.此次LSE中國發(fā)展學會在2011年歲初舉辦主題為“中國的國際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)”的“中國發(fā)展論壇”，我認為恰逢其時：一是中西方關系近年來發(fā)展較快；二是中國去年剛剛超過日本成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟體。中國的發(fā)展越來越引起外界的關注，人們也越來越關心中國與世界的融合問題，實際上就是中國與世界的關系問題。

The LSE China Development Forum comes at an interesting time, with the interesting theme of “Prospects and Challenges–China's global integration”.This is a time of fast development of China's relations with the West.This is also a time when China again comes under the spotlight, after overtaking Japan to become the second largest economy.China's development is attracting growing international attention.People are wondering about how this would impact the international system and where China's relations with the world are headed.關于這個問題，這幾年外界觀點很多，大致有這么幾種：

People in the West tend to look at China from many different perspectives:

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一是“威脅論”。根據(jù)西方近代史上的經(jīng)驗，“國強必霸”，因此西方一些人認為中國的發(fā)展是威脅，世界政治格局的演變是一種零和游戲，你升我降，你興我衰，中國的“韜光養(yǎng)晦”政策就是“臥薪嘗膽”。持這種觀點的人去年非常得意，他們自以為找到了新的例證，將中國在南海、釣魚島問題上正當維護自己主權的行動視作“強硬”，認為中國外交已經(jīng)開始咄咄逼人。我想，我們還是應該聽聽美國國務卿克林頓上周是如何評價這種觀點的：“在亞太和美國，有人把中國的增長看成是威脅，或將導致冷戰(zhàn)式?jīng)_突，或將使美國衰敗”，“我們不接受這些看法”。事實上，堅持原則立場同是否強硬是兩碼事，國家之間打交道，重要的是看是否占“理”，“理直”才能“氣壯”，“理屈”自然“詞窮”。維護國家的主權、安全和發(fā)展利益，這就是中國外交的“理”，也是國際關系中的“理”。

Some see China as a threat.They look at the modern history of Western nations and conclude that “Rising powers are bound to seek hegemony”.They see the shifting balance in the international political landscape with a zero-sum mentality.They believe China is “hiding its capabilities and biding its time” before pressing forward to dominate the region and ultimately the world.They point to recent acts by China to safeguard its sovereignty in the East and South China Seas as evidence of China's assertiveness.Let me quote from Secretary Hilary Clinton, who spoke about this just last week–“Some in the region and some here at home see China's growth as a threat that will lead either to Cold-War-style conflict or American decline.…We reject those views.” I believe upholding principles and being assertive are two different things.What really matters is whether a country is on the right side.You can only make a strong case with good reasons.For China, safeguarding its interests in sovereignty, security and development is the right thing to do.This is a major principle in China's foreign policy, and is also a principle in international relations.二是“責任論”，說是責任論，實際上是說中國“不負責任”。他們認為中國作為國際體系的一份子，享受了現(xiàn)行體系的好處，如經(jīng)濟全球化和貿(mào)易自由化，但沒有做到也不愿去盡一個大國的責任，權利與責任不平衡，實力與作用不匹配，中國只是在“搭便車”。持這種觀點的人眼里就盯著氣候變化、朝核、世界經(jīng)濟失衡等幾個問題，其實就拿這幾個問題來指責中國“不負責任”也顯得蒼白無力。比如，朝鮮半島局勢最近出現(xiàn)緩和，大家公認中國再次發(fā)揮了積極作用。更何況，中國積極參與國際經(jīng)濟金融體系改革和治理，積極參加聯(lián)合國維和行動和打擊海盜，積極推動氣候變化、國際發(fā)展等全球性問題的解決。

Some believe China should take up more international responsibilities.These people complain that China has not fully honoured its obligations.They believe that China free-rides the current international system.It benefits significantly from globalisation and trade liberalisation, but is reluctant to assume the responsibilities of a major power.They criticize China for lack of responsibility in climate change, the Korean nuclear issue and global economic imbalances, etc.Nothing could be further from the truth.China has played an active role recently in easing tensions on the Korean Peninsula.China is taking an active part in the reform of the international economic and financial structures, in UN peacekeeping missions and in the fight against piracy.It is committed to working with other countries for solutions to global issues from climate change to international development.三是，我稱為“跛腳論”。認為中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展趕上了世界的步伐，但政治、意識形態(tài)和價值觀上中國仍是“異類”，兩只腳不是一般長，走得不是一樣快。這樣的觀點，我認為實際上是將自己的價值標準套用到別人的頭上，是一種“自我中心論”，同時也是罔顧事實。中國改革開放的三十多年，難道只有經(jīng)濟上的快速發(fā)展，沒有同步的政治與社會的進步和飛躍？兩者的脫離理論上不成立，實踐中也難以想象。事實上，與30多年前相比，中國不僅是經(jīng)濟發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化，中國的政治生態(tài)、社會結構都取得了大發(fā)展，中國政治制度正朝著穩(wěn)定、民主和效率的方向協(xié)調(diào)和均衡前進，中國社會既開放，又多元；中國人民不僅生活得更加富裕，而且更加幸福。

Others see China as “a laggard” in certain aspects.They believe that despite China's economic strength, it has not kept pace in the areas of politics, ideology and values.This reflects a self-centred attempt to impose Western values and standards onto China.It defies common sense and logic to believe three decades of reform and opening-up have only brought China economic growth, but not political and social progress.Such logic is flawed in theory and in practice, as China has come a long way in its political and social development.Its political system

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is making balanced and coordinated progress towards stability, democracy and efficiency.And Chinese society has become more open and diverse, resulting in people not only becoming wealthier, but also happier.四是“不定論”。對中國的走向既懷希望，又有疑慮。持這種觀點的人，在西方恐怕不在少數(shù)。這種觀點看似很中立，其實同樣有害，因為它可能導致西方迷茫甚至誤判，喪失的不僅是合作的機會，而且是自身發(fā)展的機遇。

Lastly, some believe China's future is uncertain.They are torn between hope and fear for China's development, but unsure which way China will turn.This view of China has a large following in the West.It may sound neutral, but it can easily lead to confusion and even miscalculation.That could result in lost opportunities for cooperation and damage to their own development.那么，中國自己到底怎么看與世界的關系和融合問題。我認為，中國在三年前就將這個問題看得很清楚、說得很透徹。胡錦濤總書記在2007年向中共十七大作報告時指出：中國與世界的關系發(fā)生了歷史性變化；中國發(fā)展進步離不開世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開中國；中國的前途命運日益緊密地同世界的前途命運聯(lián)系在一起。經(jīng)過國際金融危機的洗禮后，我們對這個看法更加堅定和明確。那就是中國追求和諧發(fā)展，中國與世界的關系是一種良性互動。這種關系的特點有三：

So, how does China see its role and relationship with the world? China made this very clear three years ago.In his report to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party in 2007, President Hu Jintao commented that “China's relations with the world have gone through historic changes.China cannot develop in isolation from the world, and the world's prosperity and stability requires China's contribution.China's future and destiny are increasingly linked to the rest of the world.” The international financial crisis has only reaffirmed China's commitment to harmonious development and a positive relationship with the world.To achieve the goals of successful development:

一是和平發(fā)展。中國仍然是一個發(fā)展中國家，發(fā)展是硬道理。中國爭取和平的國際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又以自身的發(fā)展促進世界和平。我們奉行防御性國防政策，永遠不稱霸，永遠不搞擴張；主張不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務和談判解決國際爭端，致力于維護世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。

Firstly, China's development is peaceful.China is still a developing country and development remains our top priority.China needs a peaceful international environment to develop, and is ready to contribute more to world peace as it develops.China's development of defence capabilities are for self-defence.Hegemony or expansion is neither a tradition nor an option for China.We stand for non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and call for negotiated solutions to international disputes.二是開放包容。中國的發(fā)展是開放的發(fā)展。不久前，中國制定了“十二五”規(guī)劃，強調(diào)要必須實行更加積極主動的開放戰(zhàn)略，拓展新的開放領域和空間，積極參與全球經(jīng)濟治理和區(qū)域合作，不斷提高對外開放水平。我們將以更加開放的姿態(tài)面向世界，以更加虛心的態(tài)度借鑒人類文明優(yōu)秀成果和吸收各國發(fā)展有益經(jīng)驗，以更加務實的行動加強國際交流合作。

Secondly, China's development is open and inclusive.Development can never be achieved behind closed doors.China recently formulated its “12th Five-Year Plan”, which called for greater openness in more areas, and a more active role in global economic governance and regional cooperation.To achieve this, we will engage with the world with an open mind.We will borrow from the fine cultural traditions and useful experiences of other countries, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.三是互利共贏。中國古人說：“君子愛財，取之有道。”中國要發(fā)展，但我們不動別人的奶酪，相反，我們愿和別人一起來把合作的蛋糕做大，共同分享。中國支持歐盟采取的金融穩(wěn)定措施，這就是互利。歐元垮了，中國經(jīng)濟難免受損。這就是全球化時代的特點：相互依賴、利益共生。

Thirdly, China's development is a win-win.As an old Chinese saying goes, “A noble man acquires wealth by honourable means”.China's development will not be achieved through a beggar-thy-neighbour approach.On the contrary, we will work with others to make the world economy bigger and share the benefits with others.China supports the EU's financial stabilisation measures, as they are in China's interests.The Chinese economy would

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not escape should the euro collapse.We are all together in a world of interdependence and interconnected interests between countries as a result of globalisation.女士們、先生們，Ladies and Gentlemen，中國的發(fā)展是一個進行時，這既是自我超越，也是與世界不斷融合的過程。在這一過程中，中國正在主動適應自身地位發(fā)生的一些變化，克服“成長的煩惱”，向外部世界有效宣示自己的意圖和政策。700年前，意大利詩人但丁在其長篇史詩《神曲》中曾經(jīng)寫道：“走自己的路，讓別人說去吧。”但今天，我們要做的是：“走自己的路，讓別人理解。”我們真誠希望世界看到中國的發(fā)展帶來的機遇，并且善于抓住這個機遇，加強互惠合作，造福各自人民。

China's development is an on-going process.It requires efforts by itself.It also calls for closer interaction with the world.China is adapting to its new position in the world and trying to overcome its “growing pains”.More than 700 years ago, the Italian poet Dante wrote in his epic poem the Divine Comedy, “Go your own way;let others talk!” What we are doing today is to: “Go our own way;but let others understand!” We hope the world will appreciate and take the opportunities created by China's development, and work closely with China to bring real benefits to the people.就在昨天，胡錦濤主席結束了對美國的國事訪問，訪問意義重大，成果豐碩，開啟了中美關系的新篇章。中美兩國都強調(diào)，致力于從戰(zhàn)略高度和長遠角度出發(fā)，加強對話、交流和合作，發(fā)展求同存異、平等互信的政治關系，深化全面合作、互利共贏的經(jīng)濟關系，開展共同應對挑戰(zhàn)的全球伙伴合作，推進人民廣泛參與的中美友好事業(yè)，并建立深入溝通、坦誠對話的高層交往模式。如果中美這兩個政治社會制度、歷史文化背景和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段迥異的大國，能在新時期發(fā)展相互尊重、互利共贏的合作伙伴關系，那么我們還有什么理由懷疑中國與世界關系的前景？

Yesterday President Hu Jintao just concluded his state visit to the United States.This was an important and fruitful visit that opens a new chapter in China-US relations.China and the United States stress the importance to approach China-US relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective by stepping up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation.We are committed to a political relationship of equality and mutual trust, focusing on areas of agreement rather than differences;We are equally committed to an economic relationship of cooperation and mutual benefit;We are also committed to a global partnership to meet global challenges.We will encourage closer interaction and friendship between our two peoples, and foster a good relationship of deep-going discussions and candid dialogue at the top level.If China and the United States, two major countries with very different social systems, cultural traditions and stages of development, are committed to working together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit, why should we doubt the future of China's relations with the world?!

最后，我預祝本次論壇順利、成功。

To conclude, I wish the forum a great success.謝謝。

Thank you.4 / 4

第二篇：中國駐英國大使劉曉明在倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院中國發(fā)展論壇上的演講-中英雙語

2011年1月22日，中華人民共和國駐英國大使劉曉明應邀出席倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院（LSE）中國發(fā)展學會舉辦的主題為―中國的國際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)‖的2011中國發(fā)展論壇，并在論壇開幕式上發(fā)表了主旨演講。以下為演講全文：

中國與世界合作共贏

——中國駐英國大使劉曉明在倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院中國發(fā)展論壇上的演講

2011年1月22日，倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院

Mutual Benefit Through Collaboration – China & the World--Keynote Speech by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the LSE China Development Forum

2011 January 2011, LSE, London

尊敬的戴維斯院長，女士們，先生們：

Sir Howard Davies, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，感謝戴維斯院長的盛情邀請，使我有機會來到倫敦政治經(jīng)濟學院（LSE）發(fā)表演講。

May I begin by thanking Sir Howard for this honour of speaking at the London School of Economics and Political Science.其實，我與LSE還很有緣分。這是我第二次訪問LSE。上一次是我剛上任不久來LSE出席―漢語橋‖英國賽區(qū)的預賽。那是我來英國后的第一場公共活動，也 是第一次演講。由于預賽在LSE舉行，又逢虎年，英國選手個個虎虎生威，一路過關斬將，最后倫敦大學亞非學院的蔣思哲（Stewart Johnson）獲特等獎，開了英國選手在世界大學生―漢語橋‖中文比賽總決賽中奪冠之先河。他們應感謝LSE給他們帶來的好運。

(In fact, this is my second visit to the LSE.I made my first public appearance and first speech as the Chinese ambassador to the UK at the LSE.That was when I attended the Ninth Chinese Proficiency Competition here.As the competition was held at LSE, and it was shortly after the start of the year of Tiger, every British contestants put on a vigorous and outstanding performance.I’m glad that Stewart Johnson, an undergraduate student at SOAS won the competition in the UK, and went on to win the top prize in Beijing, becoming the first ever British student to win this prize.Maybe he should thank the LSE for this good luck.)

In fact, this is my second visit to the LSE.I made my first public appearance and first speech as the Chinese Ambassador to the UK at the LSE.That was when I attended the Ninth Chinese Proficiency Competition here.As the competition was held in the LSE, and it was shortly after the start of the Year of Tiger, the British contestants put on a vigorous and truly outstanding performance.I'm glad to say that Stewart Johnson, an undergraduate at SOAS won the

competition in the UK and went on to win the top prize in Beijing, becoming the first ever British student to win this prize.Maybe he should thank the LSE for this good luck.當然，真正讓LSE聞名于世的還是它深厚的學術底蘊，使它成為社會科學教學與研究領域的知名學府。LSE也是國際化程度最高的學府之一，培養(yǎng)了140多個 國家和地區(qū)的精英。值得一提的是，LSE與中國頗有淵源，中國一些杰出的外交官都曾在LSE深造，其中有中國現(xiàn)任外長楊潔篪先生。近年來到LSE求學的中國學生日益增加，目前已超過500人。

The LSE has a well-deserved reputation for academic excellence.It prides itself on its diversity of students from over 140 countries.Many of them then returned home to become leaders in their respective fields.Among them are some distinguished Chinese diplomats, including the current Chinese Foreign Minister Mr Yang Jiechi.I am delighted to learn that the LSE is now home to over 500 Chinese students.此次LSE中國發(fā)展學會在2011年歲初舉辦主題為―中國的國際融合：前景與挑戰(zhàn)‖的―中國發(fā)展論壇‖，我認為恰逢其時：一是中西方關系近年來發(fā)展較快； 二是中國去年剛剛超過日本成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟體。中國的發(fā)展越來越引起外界的關注，人們也越來越關心中國與世界的融合問題，實際上就是中國與世界的關系問題。

The LSE China Development Forum comes at an interesting time, with the interesting theme of “Prospects and Challenges–China's global integration”.This is a time of fast development of China's relations with the West.This is also a time when China again comes under the spotlight, after overtaking Japan to become the second largest economy.China's development is attracting growing international attention.People are wondering about how this would impact the international system and where China's relations with the world are headed.關于這個問題，這幾年外界觀點很多，大致有這么幾種：

People in the West tend to look at China from many different perspectives:

一是―威脅論‖。根據(jù)西方近代史上的經(jīng)驗，―國強必霸‖，因此西方一些人認為中國的發(fā)展是威脅，世界政治格局的演變是一種零和游戲，你升我降，你興我衰，中國的―韜光養(yǎng)晦‖政策就是―臥薪嘗膽‖。持這種觀點的人去年非常得意，他們自以為找到了新的例證，將中國在南海、釣魚島問題上正當維護自己主權的行動視作―強硬‖，認為中國外交已經(jīng)開始咄咄逼人。我想，我們還是應該聽聽美國國務卿克林頓上周是如何評價這種觀點的：―在亞太和美國，有人把中國的增長看成是威脅，或將導致冷戰(zhàn)式?jīng)_突，或將使美國衰敗‖，―我們不接受這些看法‖。事實上，堅持原則立場同是否強硬是兩碼事，國家之間打交道，重要的是看是否占 ―理‖，―理直‖才能―氣壯‖，―理屈‖自然―詞窮‖。維護國家的主權、安全和發(fā)展利益，這就是中國外交的―理‖，也是國際關系中的―理‖。

Some see China as a threat.They look at the modern history of Western nations and conclude that “Rising powers are bound to seek hegemony”.They see the shifting balance in the international political landscape with a zero-sum mentality.They believe China is “hiding its capabilities and biding its time” before pressing forward to dominate the region and ultimately the world.They

point to recent acts by China to safeguard its sovereignty in the East and South China Seas as evidence of China's assertiveness.Let me quote from Secretary Hilary Clinton, who spoke about this just last week–“Some in the region and some here at home see China's growth as a threat that will lead either to Cold-War-style conflict or American decline.…We reject those views.” I believe upholding principles and being assertive are two different things.What really matters is whether a country is on the right side.You can only make a strong case with good reasons.For China, safeguarding its interests in sovereignty, security and development is the right thing to do.This is a major principle in China's foreign policy, and is also a principle in international relations.二是―責任論‖，說是責任論，實際上是說中國―不負責任‖。他們認為中國作為國際體系的一份子，享受了現(xiàn)行體系的好處，如經(jīng)濟全球化和貿(mào)易自由化，但沒有做到也不愿去盡一個大國的責任，權利與責任不平衡，實力與作用不匹配，中國只是在―搭便車‖。持這種觀點的人眼里就盯著氣候變化、朝核、世界經(jīng)濟失衡等幾個問題，其實就拿這幾個問題來指責中國―不負責任‖也顯得蒼白無力。比如，朝鮮半島局勢最近出現(xiàn)緩和，大家公認中國再次發(fā)揮了積極作用。更何況，中國積極參與國際經(jīng)濟金融體系改革和治理，積極參加聯(lián)合國維和行動和打擊海盜，積極推動氣候變化、國際發(fā)展等全球性問題的解決。

Some believe China should take up more international responsibilities.These people complain that China has not fully honored its obligations.They believe that China free-rides the current international system.It benefits significantly from globalization and trade liberalization, but is reluctant to assume the responsibilities of a major power.They criticize China for lack of responsibility in climate change, the Korean nuclear issue and global economic imbalances, etc.Nothing could be further from the truth.China has played an active role recently in easing tensions on the Korean Peninsula.China is taking an active part in the reform of the international economic and financial structures, in UN peacekeeping missions and in the fight against piracy.It is committed to working with other countries for solutions to global issues from climate change to international development.三是，我稱為―跛腳論‖。認為中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展趕上了世界的步伐，但政治、意識形態(tài)和價值觀上中國仍是―異類‖，兩只腳不是一般長，走得不是一樣快。這樣的觀點，我認為實際上是將自己的價值標準套用到別人的頭上，是一種―自我中心論‖，同時也是罔顧事實。中國改革開放的三十多年，難道只有經(jīng)濟上的快速發(fā)展，沒有同步的政治與社會的進步和飛躍？兩者的脫離理論上不成立，實踐中也難以想象。事實上，與30多年前相比，中國不僅是經(jīng)濟發(fā)生了天翻地覆的變化，中國的政治生態(tài)、社會結構都取得了大發(fā)展，中國政治制度正朝著穩(wěn)定、民主和效率的方向協(xié)調(diào)和均衡前進，中國社會既開放，又多元；中國人民不僅生活得更加富裕，而且更加幸福。

Others see China as “a laggard” in certain aspects.They believe that despite China's economic strength, it has not kept pace in the areas of politics, ideology and values.This reflects a self-centred attempt to impose Western values and standards onto China.It defies common sense and logic to believe three decades of reform and opening-up have only brought China economic growth, but not political and social progress.Such logic is flawed in theory and in practice, as China has come a long way in its political and social development.Its political system is making balanced and coordinated progress towards stability, democracy and efficiency.And Chinese

society has become more open and diverse, resulting in people not only becoming wealthier, but also happier.四是―不定論‖。對中國的走向既懷希望，又有疑慮。持這種觀點的人，在西方恐怕不在少數(shù)。這種觀點看似很中立，其實同樣有害，因為它可能導致西方迷茫甚至誤判，喪失的不僅是合作的機會，而且是自身發(fā)展的機遇。

Lastly, some believe China's future is uncertain.They are torn between hope and fear for China's development, but unsure which way China will turn.This view of China has a large following in the West.It may sound neutral, but it can easily lead to confusion and even miscalculation.That could result in lost opportunities for cooperation and damage to their own development.那么，中國自己到底怎么看與世界的關系和融合問題。我認為，中國在三年前就將這個問題看得很清楚、說得很透徹。胡錦濤總書記在2007年向中共十七大作報告時指出：中國與世界的關系發(fā)生了歷史性變化；中國發(fā)展進步離不開世界，世界繁榮穩(wěn)定也離不開中國；中國的前途命運日益緊密地同世界的前途命運聯(lián)系在一起。經(jīng)過國際金融危機的洗禮后，我們對這個看法更加堅定和明確。那就是中國追求和諧發(fā)展，中國與世界的關系是一種良性互動。這種關系的特點有三：

So, how does China see its role and relationship with the world? China made this very clear three years ago.In his report to the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party in 2007, President Hu Jintao commented that “China's relations with the world have gone through historic changes.China cannot develop in isolation from the world, and the world's prosperity and stability requires China's contribution.China's future and destiny are increasingly linked to the rest of the world.” The international financial crisis has only reaffirmed China's commitment to harmonious development and a positive relationship with the world.To achieve the goals of successful development:

一是和平發(fā)展。中國仍然是一個發(fā)展中國家，發(fā)展是硬道理。中國爭取和平的國際環(huán)境發(fā)展自己，又以自身的發(fā)展促進世界和平。我們奉行防御性國防政策，永遠不稱霸，永遠不搞擴張；主張不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務和談判解決國際爭端，致力于維護世界的和平與穩(wěn)定。

Firstly, China's development is peaceful.China is still a developing country and development remains our top priority.China needs a peaceful international environment to develop, and is ready to contribute more to world peace as it develops.China's development of defence capabilities are for self-defence.Hegemony or expansion is neither a tradition nor an option for China.We stand for non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries and call for negotiated solutions to international disputes.二是開放包容。中國的發(fā)展是開放的發(fā)展。不久前，中國制定了―十二五‖規(guī)劃，強調(diào)要必須實行更加積極主動的開放戰(zhàn)略，拓展新的開放領域和空間，積極參與全 球經(jīng)濟治理和區(qū)域合作，不斷提高對外開放水平。我們將以更加開放的姿態(tài)面向世界，以更加虛心的態(tài)度借鑒人類文明優(yōu)秀成果和吸收各國發(fā)展有益經(jīng)驗，以更加務 實的行動加強國際交流合作。

Secondly, China's development is open and inclusive.Development can never be achieved behind closed doors.China recently formulated its “12th Five-Year Plan”, which called for greater openness in more areas, and a more active role in global economic governance and regional cooperation.To achieve this, we will engage with the world with an open mind.We will borrow from the fine cultural traditions and useful experiences of other countries, and strengthen international exchanges and cooperation.三是互利共贏。中國古人說：―君子愛財，取之有道‖。中國要發(fā)展，但我們不動別人的奶酪，相反，我們愿和別人一起來把合作的蛋糕做大，共同分享。中國支持歐盟采取的金融穩(wěn)定措施，這就是互利。歐元垮了，中國經(jīng)濟難免受損。這就是全球化時代的特點：相互依賴、利益共生。

Thirdly, China's development is a win-win.As an old Chinese saying goes, “A noble man acquires wealth by honourable means”.China's development will not be achieved through a beggar-thy-neighbour approach.On the contrary, we will work with others to make the world economy bigger and share the benefits with others.China supports the EU's financial stabilisation measures, as they are in China's interests.The Chinese economy would not escape should the euro collapse.We are all together in a world of interdependence and interconnected interests between countries as a result of globalisation.女士們、先生們，Ladies and Gentlemen，中國的發(fā)展是一個進行時，這既是自我超越，也是與世界不斷融合的過程。在這一過程中，中國正在主動適應自身地位發(fā)生的一些變化，克服―成長的煩惱‖，向外 部世界有效宣示自己的意圖和政策。700年前，意大利詩人但丁在其長篇史詩《神曲》中曾經(jīng)寫道：―走自己的路，讓別人說去吧‖。但今天，我們要做的是： ―走自己的路，讓別人理解‖。我們真誠希望世界看到中國的發(fā)展帶來的機遇，并且善于抓住這個機遇，加強互惠合作，造福各自人民。

China's development is an on-going process.It requires efforts by itself.It also calls for closer interaction with the world.China is adapting to its new position in the world and trying to overcome its “growing pains”.More than 700 years ago, the Italian poet Dante wrote in his epic poem the Divine Comedy, “Go your own way;let others talk!” What we are doing today is to: “Go our own way;but let others understand!” We hope the world will appreciate and take the opportunities created by China's development, and work closely with China to bring real benefits to the people.就在昨天，胡錦濤主席結束了對美國的國事訪問，訪問意義重大，成果豐碩，開啟了中美關系的新篇章。中美兩國都強調(diào)，致力于從戰(zhàn)略高度和長遠角度出發(fā)，加強 對話、交流和合作，發(fā)展求同存異、平等互信的政治關系，深化全面合作、互利共贏的經(jīng)濟關系，開展共同應對挑戰(zhàn)的全球伙伴合作，推進人民廣泛參與的中美友好 事業(yè)，并建立深入溝通、坦誠對話的高層交往模式。如果中美這兩個政治社會制度、歷史文化背景和經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段迥異的大國，能在新時期發(fā)展相互尊重、互利共贏 的合作伙伴關系，那么我們還有什么理由懷疑中

國與世界關系的前景？

Yesterday President Hu Jintao just concluded his state visit to the United States.This was an important and fruitful visit that opens a new chapter in China-US relations.China and the United States stress the importance to approach China-US relationship from a strategic and long-term perspective by stepping up dialogue, exchanges and cooperation.We are committed to a political relationship of equality and mutual trust, focusing on areas of agreement rather than differences;We are equally committed to an economic relationship of cooperation and mutual benefit;We are also committed to a global partnership to meet global challenges.We will encourage closer interaction and friendship between our two peoples, and foster a good relationship of deep-going discussions and candid dialogue at the top level.If China and the United States, two major countries with very different social systems, cultural traditions and stages of development, are committed to working together to build a cooperative partnership based on mutual respect and mutual benefit, why should we doubt the future of China's relations with the world?!

最后，我預祝本次論壇順利、成功。

To conclude, I wish the forum a great success.謝謝。

Thank you.華盛頓當?shù)貢r間2011年1月25日晚，美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬在國會發(fā)表2011年國情咨文，回顧美國對世界的貢獻，號召美國人民―做大事‖，促進經(jīng)濟增長，維護全球安全。以下是演講全文：

Remarks of President Barack Obama in State of the Union Address Washington, DC January 25, 2011

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)2011年國情咨文

2011年1月25日 華盛頓特區(qū)

Mr.Speaker, Mr.Vice President, Members of

Congress, distinguished guests, and fellow Americans:

眾議院議長先生、副總統(tǒng)先生、各位國會議員、尊敬的客人們、同胞們：

Tonight I want to begin by congratulating the men and women of the 112th Congress, as well as your new Speaker, John Boehner.And as we mark this occasion, we are also mindful of the empty chair in this Chamber, and pray for the health of our colleague – and our friend – Gabby Giffords.今晚我想首先向美國第112屆國會的男女議員、你們的新議長約翰·博納表示祝賀。在我們慶祝這一時刻時，我們?nèi)匀缓芮宄晃粐鴷h員的座位是空著的，讓我們?yōu)槲覀兊耐隆⑽覀兊呐笥鸭硬祭锇枴ぜＦ澋慕】灯矶\。

It’s no secret that those of us here tonight have had our differences over the last two years.The debates have been contentious;we have fought fiercely for our beliefs.And that’s a good thing.That’s what a robust democracy demands.That’s what helps set us apart as a nation.我們這些今晚出席這一活動的人在過去兩年曾存在分歧，這不是秘密。辯論是非常激烈的，我們?yōu)槲覀兏髯缘挠^點進行了激烈的斗爭。這是一件好事，這是強有力的民主所要求的。這種爭論幫助美國成為區(qū)別于其它國家的民主國家。

But there’s a reason the tragedy in Tucson gave us pause.Amid all the noise and passions and rancor of our public debate, Tucson reminded us that no matter who we are or where we come from, each of us is a part of something greater – something more consequential than party or political preference.但圖森市的悲劇給了我們一個停止爭論的理由。我們進行的公共辯論引發(fā)了噪音、情緒、怨恨。圖森的悲劇提醒我們，不管我們是誰、來自何方，我們中的每一個人都是一個更偉大事務的一部分，它比政黨或者政治傾向更具必然性。

We are part of the American family.We believe that in a country where every race and faith and point of view can be found, we are still bound together as one people;that we share common hopes and a common creed;that the dreams of a little girl in Tucson are not so different than those of our own children, and that they all deserve the chance to be fulfilled.我們是美國大家庭的組成部分。我們相信，在這個各種種族、信仰、觀點并存的國家，我們?nèi)允且粋€團結在一起的民族。我們擁有共同的希望和信條，圖森小女孩的夢想與我們自己孩子的夢想沒有什么大的差別，這些夢想都應獲得實現(xiàn)的機會。

That, too, is what sets us apart as a nation.這也是使我們作為一個國家產(chǎn)生分歧的原因。

Now, by itself, this simple recognition won’t usher in a new era of cooperation.What comes of this moment is up to us.What comes of this moment will be determined not by whether we can sit together tonight, but whether we can work together tomorrow.現(xiàn)在，簡單地認識到這一點本身將不會開啟一個合作的新時代。這一時刻所能產(chǎn)生的成果取決于我們。這一時刻所產(chǎn)生的成果將不會由我們是否今晚坐在一起而決定，它將被我們明天是否合作所決定。

I believe we can.I believe we must.That’s

what the people who sent us here expect of us.With their votes, they’ve determined that governing will now be a shared responsibility between parties.New laws will only pass with support from Democrats and Republicans.We will move forward together, or not at all – for the challenges we face are bigger than party, and bigger than politics.我認為我們能夠實現(xiàn)合作。我認為我們必須這樣。這是那些把我們送到這里的人們所期望的。他們通過他們的選票決定，執(zhí)政將是兩黨共同的責任。新的法案只有在獲得民主黨和共和黨議員的支持下才能通過。在面對比黨派或者政治更大的挑戰(zhàn)面前，我們將一起前行，或者原地不動。

At stake right now is not who wins the next election – after all, we just had an election.At stake is whether new jobs and industries take root in this country, or somewhere else.It’s whether the hard work and industry of our people is rewarded.It’s whether we sustain the leadership that has made America not just a place on a map, but a light to the world.現(xiàn)在的利害不是誰將贏得下次選舉，畢竟，我們剛剛舉行完一次選舉。現(xiàn)在的利害是新的就業(yè)機會和新的行業(yè)是否會在美國生根或者在其它地方。這事關我們?nèi)嗣竦?辛勞工作和行業(yè)是否能得到回報。這事關我們是否能繼續(xù)保持領導能力，這種領導能力使美國不只局限于地圖上的某一個地方，美國因為這種領導能力而成為世界的 燈光。

We are poised for progress.Two years after the worst recession most of us have ever known, the stock market has come roaring back.Corporate profits are up.The economy is growing again.我們作好了前進的準備。在我們大多數(shù)人經(jīng)歷最為糟糕的經(jīng)濟衰退兩年后，股市已再次大幅上升。公司贏利在增加。經(jīng)濟在再次增

長。

But we have never measured progress by these yardsticks alone.We measure progress by the success of our people.By the jobs they can find and the quality of life those jobs offer.By the prospects of a small business owner who dreams of turning a good idea into a thriving enterprise.By the opportunities for a better life that we pass on to our children.但我們從不只以這些標準來衡量進展。我們以我們?nèi)嗣竦某晒碓u估進展，通過他們所能找到的工作和這些工作所提供的生活質(zhì)量，通過小企業(yè)主把好點子的夢想轉變成興旺發(fā)達的企業(yè)的前景，通過我們給我們孩子更好生活的機遇。

That’s the project the American people want us to work on.Together.這是一個美國人民想讓我們從事的事業(yè)，美國人民想讓我們共同致力于這項事業(yè)。

We did that in December.Thanks to the tax cuts we passed, Americans’ paychecks are a little bigger today.Every business can write off the full cost of the new investments they make this year.These steps, taken by Democrats and Republicans, will grow the economy and add to the more than one million private sector jobs created last year.我們?nèi)ツ?2月作了這方面的工作。由于我們通過的減稅法案，美國人今天收到的支票金額要比過去多。所有的企業(yè)都可以把它今年所作投資的全部開支注銷。這些由民主黨人和共和黨人合作采取的措施將使經(jīng)濟增長，增加就業(yè)崗位，私人行業(yè)去年已創(chuàng)造的1百多萬個就業(yè)崗位。

But we have more work to do.The steps we’ve taken over the last two years may have broken the back of this recession – but to win the

future, we’ll need to take on challenges that have been decades in the making.但我們有更多的工作要做。我們在過去兩年所采取的措施可能已克服了經(jīng)濟衰退的主要困難，但是為了贏得未來，我們必須直面應對那些在過去數(shù)十年來一直積累起來的挑戰(zhàn)。

Many people watching tonight can probably remember a time when finding a good job meant showing up at a nearby factory or a business downtown.You didn’t always need a degree, and your competition was pretty much limited to your neighbors.If you worked hard, chances are you’d have a job for life, with a decent paycheck, good benefits, and the occasional promotion.Maybe you’d even have the pride of seeing your kids work at the same company.許多觀看今晚演講的人可能還記得那個找到好工作意味著在附近工廠或者市中心商業(yè)區(qū)就業(yè)的時候。你并不總是需要獲得一個學位，你的競爭基本只限于你的鄰居。如果你努力工作，你可能會終身擁有這個職位，這個工作會給你帶來體面的收入、好的福利，有時還會獲得升職。你可能還會擁有看到你的孩子在同一公司工作的自 豪感。

That world has changed.And for many, the change has been painful.I’ve seen it in the shuttered windows of once booming factories, and the vacant storefronts of once busy Main Streets.I’ve heard it in the frustrations of Americans who’ve seen their paychecks dwindle or their jobs disappear – proud men and women who feel like the rules have been changed in the middle of the game.世界已發(fā)生了變革。對于許多人來說，變革是痛苦的。在曾經(jīng)一度業(yè)務繁忙工廠面臨關閉時，我透過百葉窗看到了這種痛苦；在一度繁忙的商業(yè)街道空空如也的店門 前，我

看到了這種痛苦；在那些看到收入不斷縮水或者失業(yè)美國人的絕望言論中，我聽到了這種痛苦。這就好像，在比賽進行到一半時，表現(xiàn)出色而又頗感自豪的運 動員發(fā)現(xiàn)規(guī)則突然改變了。

They’re right.The rules have changed.In a single generation, revolutions in technology have transformed the way we live, work and do business.Steel mills that once needed 1,000 workers can now do the same work with 100.Today, just about any company can set up shop, hire workers, and sell their products wherever there’s an internet connection.他們是正確的，規(guī)則發(fā)生了變化。僅僅用了一代人的時間，技術革命已改變了我們的工作、生活和做生意的方式。一度需要1000名工人的鋼鐵廠現(xiàn)在用100名工人就可以完成同樣的工作。今天，任何一家公司都可以設立商店、雇傭員工、把產(chǎn)品銷售給有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接的所有地方。

Meanwhile, nations like China and India realized that with some changes of their own, they could compete in this new world.And so they started educating their children earlier and longer, with greater emphasis on math and science.They’re investing in research and new technologies.Just recently, China became home to the world’s largest private solar research facility, and the world’s fastest computer.與此同時，中國和印度等國已意識到，它們在作出一些變革后將能夠在新世界里與其它國家進行競爭。所以，他們開始對他們的孩子進行更早和更長時間的教育，更 加重視數(shù)學和科學。他們投資于研發(fā)和新技術。就在不久之前，中國已擁有世界上最大的私營太陽能研究設施，世界上運行速度最快的計算機。

So yes, the world has changed.The

competition for jobs is real.But this shouldn’t discourage us.It should challenge us.Remember – for all the hits we’ve taken these last few years, for all the naysayers predicting our decline, America still has the largest, most prosperous economy in the world.No workers are more productive than ours.No country has more successful companies, or grants more patents to inventors and entrepreneurs.We are home to the world’s best colleges and universities, where more students come to study than any other place on Earth.所以，是的，世界發(fā)生了變革。就業(yè)崗位的競爭是真實存在的，但這不應當使我們灰心，它應當成為激勵我們的動力。請記住，盡管我們在過去幾年遭受到了巨大打 擊，盡管所有的悲觀者預言美國在衰落，但美國仍是世界上最大、最繁榮的經(jīng)濟體。我們工人的勞動生產(chǎn)率是最高的，我們的公司是最成功的，我們的投資者和企業(yè) 家所擁有的專利數(shù)是最多的。我們擁有世界上最好的院校和大學，來美國就讀的學生超過任何其它國家。

What’s more, we are the first nation to be founded for the sake of an idea – the idea that each of us deserves the chance to shape our own destiny.That is why centuries of pioneers and immigrants have risked everything to come here.It’s why our students don’t just memorize equations, but answer questions like ―What do you think of that idea? What would you change about the world? What do you want to be when you grow up?‖

更為重要的是，我們是首個以思想立國的國家，這個思想是我們中的每個人都應當有機會來塑造自己的命運。這就是為什么先驅們和移民們數(shù)個世紀以來不惜冒著失 去一切的風險來到美國的原因。這就是我們的學生不只是記住方程式，而是會提出―你認為這個想法如何？你想如何改變世界？當你長大后你想成為什么樣的人‖等 問題。

The future is ours to win.But to get there, we can’t just stand still.As Robert Kennedy told us, ―The future is not a gift.It is an achievement.‖ Sustaining the American Dream has never been about standing pat.It has required each generation to sacrifice, and struggle, and meet the demands of a new age.我們將贏得未來，但為了實現(xiàn)這一點，我們不能原地踏步。正如羅伯特·肯尼迪所說的那樣―未來不是一個禮物，它是一個成就。‖維持美國夢從來不是墨守成規(guī)。它需要每一代人作出犧牲、斗爭，滿足新時代的要求。

Now it’s our turn.We know what it takes to compete for the jobs and industries of our time.We need to out-innovate, out-educate, and out-build the rest of the world.We have to make America the best place on Earth to do business.We need to take responsibility for our deficit, and reform our government.That’s how our people will prosper.That’s how we’ll win the future.And tonight, I’d like to talk about how we get there.現(xiàn)在輪到我們這一代人了。我們知道在我們的時代為工作和行業(yè)進行競爭需要什么。我們需要在創(chuàng)新、教育和建設方面超越其它國家。我們要使美國成為商業(yè)環(huán)境最 好的國家。我們需要對我們的赤字負責任，對我們的政府進行改革。這就是我們的人民實現(xiàn)繁榮的方法。這就是我們?nèi)绾乌A得未來的方法。今晚，我想談談我們?nèi)绾?作到這些。

The first step in winning the future is encouraging American innovation.贏得未來的首個步驟是鼓勵美國人創(chuàng)新。

None of us can predict with certainty what the next big industry will be, or where the new jobs will come from.Thirty years ago, we couldn’t know that something called the

Internet would lead to an economic revolution.What we can do – what America does better than anyone – is spark the creativity and imagination of our people.We are the nation that put cars in driveways and computers in offices;the nation of Edison and the Wright brothers;of Google and Facebook.In America, innovation doesn’t just change our lives.It’s how we make a living.我們所有人都無法肯定地預言下一個主要行業(yè)將是什么行業(yè)或者新的就業(yè)崗位來自哪里。三十年前，我們不知道一個被稱作互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的東西會引發(fā)經(jīng)濟革命。我們所能 做的是，爭取在這些方面比其它國家的人做得更好，激發(fā)美國人民的創(chuàng)造性和想像力。我們是一個將車開到車道上、把計算機放在辦公室的國家，是一個擁有愛迪 生、萊特兄弟的國家，是一個擁有谷歌和臉譜（Facebook）的國家。在美國，創(chuàng)新不只改變我們的生活，更重要的是，這是我們賴以謀生的方法。

Our free enterprise system is what drives innovation.But because it’s not always profitable for companies to invest in basic research, throughout history our government has provided cutting-edge scientists and inventors with the support that they need.That’s what planted the seeds for the Internet.That’s what helped make possible things like computer chips and GPS.我們的自由企業(yè)制度驅動著創(chuàng)新，但是由于公司投資基礎研究并不總是有利可圖，在歷史上，我們的政府向一流的科學家和發(fā)明家提供了他們所需要的支持。這些支持種下了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的種子，這些支持幫助制造出計算機芯片和全球定位儀這樣的東西。

Just think of all the good jobs – from manufacturing to retail – that have come from those breakthroughs.想想所有的好工作，從制造業(yè)到零售業(yè)都來自于這些突破。

Half a century ago, when the Soviets beat us into space with the launch of a satellite called Sputnik? we had no idea how we’d beat them to the moon.The science wasn’t there yet.NASA didn’t even exist.But after investing in better research and education, we didn’t just surpass the Soviets;we unleashed a wave of innovation that created new industries and millions of new jobs.半個世紀之前，當蘇聯(lián)人發(fā)射一顆名為―伴侶號‖的人造衛(wèi)星從而在太空競賽領域擊敗我們時，我們不知道我們?nèi)绾卧诘窃路矫鎿魯∷麄儭Ｄ欠矫娴目茖W當時還不存 在，美國宇航局當時甚至都還未組建。但在更好的研究和教育方面投資后，我們不僅超過了蘇聯(lián)人，我們還推動了一系列的創(chuàng)新，這些創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)造了新的行業(yè)和數(shù)百萬 個新就業(yè)崗位。

This is our generation’s Sputnik moment.Two years ago, I said that we needed to reach a level of research and development we haven’t seen since the height of the Space Race.In a few weeks, I will be sending a budget to Congress that helps us meet that goal.We’ll invest in biomedical research, information technology, and especially clean energy technology – an investment that will strengthen our security, protect our planet, and create countless new jobs for our people.這是我們那一代人創(chuàng)造的―伴侶號‖走在世界前沿的時刻。我在兩年前說過，我們需要將研發(fā)拓展到自太空競賽高峰后再也沒有出現(xiàn)過的新層次上。我將在未來幾周 內(nèi)向國會提交一份預算案，它將幫助我們實現(xiàn)這一目標。我們將投資于生物醫(yī)藥研究、信息技術，尤其是清潔能源技術，這一投資將會強化我們的安全、保護我們的 地球、為我們的人民創(chuàng)造無數(shù)新就業(yè)崗位。

Already, we are seeing the promise of renewable energy.Robert and Gary Allen are brothers who run a small Michigan roofing company.After September 11th, they volunteered their best roofers to help repair the Pentagon.But half of their factory went unused, and the recession hit them hard.我們已看到了可再生能源的潛力。羅伯特·阿倫和加里·阿倫是一對在密歇根州經(jīng)營屋頂公司的兄弟。他們在―9·11‖恐怖襲擊事件后志愿派出他們最好的裝修屋頂員工來幫助維修五角大樓，但是他們工廠的半個廠區(qū)沒有開工，經(jīng)濟衰退重創(chuàng)了他們的工廠。

Today, with the help of a government loan, that empty space is being used to manufacture solar shingles that are being sold all across the country.In Robert’s words, ―We reinvented ourselves.‖

今天，在政府貸款的幫助下，空閑的廠房被用于制造銷往全球各地的太陽能電池板。用羅伯特的話說：―我們再造了自己。‖

That’s what Americans have done for over two hundred years: reinvented ourselves.And to spur on more success stories like the Allen Brothers, we’ve begun to reinvent our energy policy.We’re not just handing out money.We’re issuing a challenge.We’re telling America’s scientists and engineers that if they assemble teams of the best minds in their fields, and focus on the hardest problems in clean energy, we’ll fund the Apollo Projects of our time.這就是美國人在過去兩百多年里一直在做的事情，再造自我。為了推動更多像阿倫兄弟這樣的成功故事，我們已開始再造我們的能源政策。我們將不只提供款項，我 們還將提供挑戰(zhàn)。我們將告訴美國的科學家和工程師，如果他們組建他們領域最好的科學家小組，致力解決清潔能源最困難問題，我們

將向我們時代的 ―阿波羅項目‖提供資金支持。

At the California Institute of Technology, they’re developing a way to turn sunlight and water into fuel for our cars.At Oak Ridge National Laboratory, they’re using supercomputers to get a lot more power out of our nuclear facilities.With more research and incentives, we can break our dependence on oil with biofuels, and become the first country to have 1 million electric vehicles on the road by 2015.在加州理工學院，科學家正在尋找一種將太陽光和水轉換成汽車燃料的方法。在橡樹嶺國家實驗室，科學家們正在通過超級計算機以使從我們的核設施獲得更多能 量。在進行更多的研究和激勵措施后，我們可以用生物燃料來打破我們對石油的依賴，成為在2015年前首個擁有一百萬電動汽車上路的國家。

We need to get behind this innovation.And to help pay for it, I’m asking Congress to eliminate the billions in taxpayer dollars we currently give to oil companies.I don’t know if you’ve noticed, but they’re doing just fine on their own.So instead of subsidizing yesterday’s energy, let’s invest in tomorrow’s.我們需要找到創(chuàng)新背后的要素。為了向創(chuàng)新提供經(jīng)費支持，我將請求國會取消向石油公司所提供的數(shù)十億美元稅款補貼。我不知道你是否注意到這一情況，但石油公司自身運營得很不錯。所以，與其向昨天的能源業(yè)提供補貼，我們不如投資于未來的能源。

Now, clean energy breakthroughs will only translate into clean energy jobs if businesses know there will be a market for what they’re selling.So tonight, I challenge you to join me in setting a new goal: by 2035, 80% of America’s electricity will come from clean

energy sources.Some folks want wind and solar.Others want nuclear, clean coal, and natural gas.To meet this goal, we will need them all – and I urge Democrats and Republicans to work together to make it happen.現(xiàn)在，清潔能源領域的技術突破只有在業(yè)界知道有銷售市場的情況下才會轉變成清潔能源業(yè)的工作崗位。所以，今晚，我想讓你們和我一起來制訂一個新目標：爭取 在2035年之前使美國85%的電力供應量來自清潔能源。一些人想要風力和太陽能，其它人想要核電、清潔煤炭和天然氣。為了實現(xiàn)這一目標，我們將需要所有 這些清潔能源。我呼吁民主黨人和共和黨人通過合作來實現(xiàn)這一目標。

Maintaining our leadership in research and technology is crucial to America’s success.But if we want to win the future – if we want innovation to produce jobs in America and not overseas – then we also have to win the race to educate our kids.保持我們在研究和技術領域的領導地位對于美國的成功至關重要。如果我們想擁抱未來，如果我們想讓創(chuàng)新在美國而不是海外創(chuàng)造就業(yè)崗位，那么我們必須贏得教育我們孩子的競賽。

Think about it.Over the next ten years, nearly half of all new jobs will require education that goes beyond a high school degree.And yet, as many as a quarter of our students aren’t even finishing high school.The quality of our math and science education lags behind many other nations.America has fallen to 9th in the proportion of young people with a college degree.And so the question is whether all of us – as citizens, and as parents – are willing to do what’s necessary to give every child a chance to succeed.思考一下吧，在未來十年，近半數(shù)新就業(yè)崗位將需要擁有高中以上的教育程度。雖然如此，美國仍有近四分之一的學生甚至未完成中學教育。我們教育和科學的教育 質(zhì)量落后于許多國家。美國年輕人擁有大學學位比例的排行已降至世界第九位。所以問題是，我們所有的人，作為公民，作為父母，是否愿意做那些必要的事情以便 讓每個孩子都有成功的機會？

That responsibility begins not in our classrooms, but in our homes and communities.It’s family that first instills the love of learning in a child.Only parents can make sure the TV is turned off and homework gets done.We need to teach our kids that it’s not just the winner of the Super Bowl who deserves to be celebrated, but the winner of the science fair;that success is not a function of fame or PR, but of hard work and discipline.這一責任不僅是在我們的教室內(nèi)開始的，也是在我們的家庭和社區(qū)里開始的。是家庭首先培養(yǎng)了孩子愛好學習的習慣，只有父母在確保關掉電視的情況下，孩子的家 庭作業(yè)才會完成。我們需要教育我們的孩子，不僅是超級碗比賽的獲勝者值得慶祝，那些科學大賽的贏家也應當值得慶祝。成功不是名氣或者公共關系所帶來的，它 是由辛勞的工作和自律造就的。

Our schools share this responsibility.When a child walks into a classroom, it should be a place of high expectations and high performance.But too many schools don’t meet this test.That’s why instead of just pouring money into a system that’s not working, we launched a competition called Race to the Top.To all fifty states, we said, ―If you show us the most innovative plans to improve teacher quality and student achievement, we’ll show you the money.‖

我們的學校也有責任。當一名兒童步入教

室，它就應當是一個被寄以厚望和擁有很高教學能力的地方。但是太多的學校未能達到這一標準。這就是為什么我們沒有向 教育系統(tǒng)注入大筆資金原因，我們啟動了一個名為―沖頂賽跑‖的競爭。我們對所有50個州說：―如果你們能夠向我們展示提高教師質(zhì)量和學生成就的最具創(chuàng)新力 的方案，我們將向你們提供款項。‖

Race to the Top is the most meaningful reform of our public schools in a generation.For less than one percent of what we spend on education each year, it has led over 40 states to raise their standards for teaching and learning.These standards were developed, not by Washington, but by Republican and Democratic governors throughout the country.And Race to the Top should be the approach we follow this year as we replace No Child Left Behind with a law that is more flexible and focused on what’s best for our kids.―沖頂賽跑‖是我們公共學校在十年內(nèi)所進行的最有意義的改革。它只使用了不到我們每年教育開支的1%的經(jīng)費，但它已使40個州提高了教學和學習標準。這些 標準不是由華盛頓所決定的，它是由美國各個州的共和黨和民主黨州長們所決定的。―沖頂賽跑‖應當成為我們今年所采取的方法。我們今年將用一個更為靈活、專 注于用給我們的孩子帶來最大益處的法律來取代《不讓一個兒童落后法》。

You see, we know what’s possible for our children when reform isn’t just a top-down mandate, but the work of local teachers and principals;school boards and communities.你們應該知道，當改革不僅僅是從上到下的指示時，我們的孩子所能夠取得的成績有多大。改革措施將由當?shù)氐慕處熀托ｉL、校董事會和社區(qū)來決定。

Take a school like Bruce Randolph in Denver.Three years ago, it was rated one of the worst schools in Colorado;located on turf between two rival gangs.But last May, 97% of the seniors received their diploma.Most will be the first in their family to go to college.And after the first year of the school’s transformation, the principal who made it possible wiped away tears when a student said ―Thank you, Mrs.Waters, for showing… that we are smart and we can make it.‖

以丹佛的布魯斯·蘭多夫學校為例，它在三年前被評為是科羅拉多州最差的學校之一，它位于兩個敵對黑幫爭奪的地盤內(nèi)。但在去年五月，該校97%的高三學生獲 得了畢業(yè)證，大多數(shù)人將是他們家庭中上大學的第一人。在學校實現(xiàn)轉變后的第一年，一位學生的話使這一切成為現(xiàn)實的校長流下了眼淚。這個學生說： ―感謝你，威特斯女士，感謝你向我們表明，我們是聰明的，我們能夠成功。‖

Let’s also remember that after parents, the biggest impact on a child’s success comes from the man or woman at the front of the classroom.In South Korea, teachers are known as ―nation builders.‖ Here in America, it’s time we treated the people who educate our children with the same level of respect.We want to reward good teachers and stop making excuses for bad ones.And over the next ten years, with so many Baby Boomers retiring from our classrooms, we want to prepare 100,000 new teachers in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and math.讓我們也記住，除了父母之外，對一個孩子成功的最大影響來自于站在教室前的男女教師們。在韓國，教師們被稱作―國家建造者‖。在美國，現(xiàn)是我們該以同樣程 度的尊重對待那些教育我們孩子的人的時候了。我們應當獎勵好教師，停止為糟糕的教師找借口。在未來十年，由于非常多的嬰兒潮一代教師將退休，我們將需要準 備10萬名科學、技術、工程和數(shù)學學科教師。

In fact, to every young person listening tonight who’s contemplating their career choice: If you want to make a difference in the life of our nation;if you want to make a difference in the life of a child – become a teacher.Your country needs you.事實上，對于今晚收聽講演的、正在考慮職業(yè)選擇的年輕人，如果你想讓我們國家前途有所不同，如果你想讓一個孩子的生命有所不同，成為一位教師吧。你的國家需要你。

Of course, the education race doesn’t end with a high school diploma.To compete, higher education must be within reach of every American.That’s why we’ve ended the unwarranted taxpayer subsidies that went to banks, and used the savings to make college affordable for millions of students.And this year, I ask Congress to go further, and make permanent our tuition tax credit – worth $10,000 for four years of college.當然，教育競賽不會止步于高中畢業(yè)證。為了競爭，必須讓每位美國人都有接受高等教育的機會。這就是我們?yōu)槭裁唇Y束向銀行提供沒有充分根據(jù)的稅款補貼，用節(jié) 省下來的錢來使數(shù)百萬學生能有能力上大學。我今年將請求國會采取進一步措施，使我們的學費稅收抵免永久化，對一個人四年的大學來說，這筆錢相當于1萬美 元。

Because people need to be able to train for new jobs and careers in today’s fast-changing economy, we are also revitalizing America’s community colleges.Last month, I saw the promise of these schools at Forsyth Tech in North Carolina.Many of the students there used to work in the surrounding factories that have since left town.One mother of two, a woman named Kathy Proctor, had worked in the furniture industry since she was 18 years

old.And she told me she’s earning her degree in biotechnology now, at 55 years old, not just because the furniture jobs are gone, but because she wants to inspire her children to pursue their dreams too.As Kathy said, ―I hope it tells them to never give up.‖

由于人們需要在今天快速變化的經(jīng)濟領域里接受新工作和職業(yè)的培訓，我們也將重新使美國的社區(qū)學院恢復活力。我上個月看到了北卡羅來納州福費斯社區(qū)技術學院 的潛力，學院的許多學生曾在現(xiàn)在已搬離城鎮(zhèn)的附近工廠就業(yè)。凱西·普羅克托是一位兩個孩子的母親，她18歲就開始在家具業(yè)工作。她告訴我，現(xiàn)年55歲的她 正在攻讀生物技術學位，不只是因為家具業(yè)的工作沒有了，而是因為她想鼓勵她的孩子也追求他們的夢想。凱西說：―我希望這將能教會他們永不放棄。‖

If we take these steps – if we raise expectations for every child, and give them the best possible chance at an education, from the day they’re born until the last job they take – we will reach the goal I set two years ago: by the end of the decade, America will once again have the highest proportion of college graduates in the world.如果我們采取這些措施，如果我們提高對每個孩子的期待值，給他們在教育方面最好的機遇，從他們出生至他們上一次的就業(yè)崗位，我們將實現(xiàn)我在兩年前確定的目標：在這個十年結束的時候，美國將再度成為擁有大學生比例最高的國家。

One last point about education.Today, there are hundreds of thousands of students excelling in our schools who are not American citizens.Some are the children of undocumented workers, who had nothing to do with the actions of their parents.They grew up as Americans and pledge allegiance to our flag, and yet live every day with the threat of

deportation.Others come here from abroad to study in our colleges and universities.But as soon as they obtain advanced degrees, we send them back home to compete against us.It makes no sense.有關教育的最后一點。今天，我們的學校里有數(shù)百萬學業(yè)優(yōu)秀的非美國公民。一些人是非法工人的孩子，他們與他們父母的行為沒有任何關系。他們是以美國人的身 份長大的，宣誓效忠美國，但卻每天生活在將被驅逐的威脅之下。其它人來自海外，在我們的院校和大學里學習，但他們一旦獲得學位，我們就把他們送回國和我們 進行競爭。這沒有道理。

Now, I strongly believe that we should take on, once and for all, the issue of illegal immigration.I am prepared to work with Republicans and Democrats to protect our borders, enforce our laws and address the millions of undocumented workers who are now living in the shadows.I know that debate will be difficult and take time.But tonight, let’s agree to make that effort.And let’s stop expelling talented, responsible young people who can staff our research labs, start new businesses, and further enrich this nation.現(xiàn)在，我強烈地認為，我們應當一下子解決非法移民的問題。我作好了與共和黨人和民主黨人合作以保護我們邊境的準備，執(zhí)行我們的法律，解決數(shù)百萬生活在陰影 之下的非法移民問題。我知道，這方面的辯論將是艱難的，將需要時間。但是今晚，讓我們就開始作出努力達成共識。停止驅逐那些有才能、負責任的年輕人，他們 可以在我們的實驗室工作、創(chuàng)業(yè)、給美國帶來新的財富。

本主題由 綠豆蛙加點料 于 2011-7-13 16:13 審核通過

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發(fā)表于 2011-7-13 16:14:48 |只看該作者

The third step in winning the future is rebuilding America.To attract new businesses to our shores, we need the fastest, most reliable ways to move people, goods, and information – from high-speed rail to high-speed internet.贏得未來的第三步是重建美國。為了吸引新的行業(yè)來到美國，我們需要運送人員、商品、信息最快捷、最可靠的方法，從高速鐵路至高速互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等基礎設施。

Our infrastructure used to be the best – but our lead has slipped.South Korean homes now have greater internet access than we do.Countries in Europe and Russia invest more in their roads and railways than we do.China is building faster trains and newer airports.Meanwhile, when our own engineers graded our nation’s infrastructure, they gave us a ―D.‖

我們的基礎設施曾經(jīng)是世界上最棒的，但現(xiàn)在我們的領先優(yōu)勢已經(jīng)下滑。韓國家庭的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)接入比例已超過了美國。歐洲國家和俄羅斯在公路和鐵路的投資額超過了 美國。中國正在建造更快的火車和新機場。與此同時，當我們自己的工程師給我們的基礎設施打分時，他們給我們打了一個―D‖。

We have to do better.America is the nation that built the transcontinental railroad, brought

electricity to rural communities, and constructed the interstate highway system.The jobs created by these projects didn’t just come from laying down tracks or pavement.They came from businesses that opened near a town’s new train station or the

new off-ramp.我們必須做得更好，美國是一個建設了州際鐵路、將電力輸往鄉(xiāng)村社區(qū)、建設了州際高速公路的國家。這些項目創(chuàng)造的工作不只來自于鋪設鐵軌或者路面，工作機會也來自在鎮(zhèn)里新建火車站或者新外匝道附近開設的行業(yè)。

Over the last two years, we have begun rebuilding for the 21st century, a project that has meant thousands of good jobs for the hard-hit

construction industry.Tonight, I’m proposing that we redouble these efforts.在未來兩年，我們已開始為21世紀進行重建。這個項目已為遭到沉重打擊的建筑業(yè)帶來了數(shù)千個好工作。今晚，我提議我們加倍這方面的努力。

We will put more Americans to work repairing crumbling roads and bridges.We will make sure this is fully paid for, attract private investment, and pick projects based on what’s best for the economy, not politicians.我們將讓更多的美國人從事修理年久失修的道路和橋梁工作。我們將確保這方面的工作有充分的經(jīng)費保證，吸引私人投資，根據(jù)項目對經(jīng)濟而不是對政治家的最佳益處來選擇項目。

Within 25 years, our goal is to give 80% of

Americans access to high-speed rail, which could allow you go places in half the time it takes to travel by car.For some trips, it will be faster than flying – without the pat-down.As we speak, routes in California and the Midwest are already underway.在未來25年內(nèi)，我們的目標是使80%的美國人能夠擁有高速鐵路，這將使你乘高速鐵路出行的時間比開車出行的時間減少一半。對于一些旅程來說，它將比乘飛機出行更快，而且沒有嚴格的安檢措施。在我們講話之時，加州和中西部地區(qū)的高鐵線路已在建設之中。

Within the next five years, we will make it

possible for business to deploy the next generation of high-speed wireless coverage to 98% of all Americans.This isn’t just about a faster internet and fewer dropped calls.It’s about connecting every part of America to the digital age.It’s about a rural community in Iowa or Alabama where farmers and small business owners will be able to sell their products all over the world.It’s about a firefighter who can download the design of a

burning building onto a handheld device;a student who can take classes with a digital textbook;or a patient who can have face-to-face video chats with her doctor.在未來5年內(nèi)，我們將使業(yè)界向98%的美國人提供下一代高速無線網(wǎng)絡連接成為可能。這并不只是更快的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和更少的漏接電話。這事關使美國的各個地區(qū)都進 入數(shù)字化時代。這事關衣阿華州或者阿拉巴馬州鄉(xiāng)村社區(qū)的農(nóng)民和小企業(yè)主能夠向全世界出售他們的產(chǎn)品，這事關消防隊員能夠用手持裝置來下載著火建筑物的設計 圖。這事關一名學生可以用數(shù)字教科書進行上課或者一位病人能夠與她的醫(yī)生進行面對面的視頻聊天。

All these investments – in innovation, education, and infrastructure – will make America a better place to do business and create jobs.But to help our companies compete, we also have to knock down barriers that stand in the way of their success.所有這些投資，在創(chuàng)新、教育、基礎設施方面的投資將為美國帶來更好的商業(yè)環(huán)境并且創(chuàng)造就業(yè)。但是為了幫助我們的公司競爭，我們還必須打破那些阻礙它們成功的障礙物。

Over the years, a parade of lobbyists has rigged the tax code to benefit particular companies and industries.Those with accountants or lawyers to work the system can end up paying no taxes at all.But all the rest are hit with one of the highest

corporate tax rates in the world.It makes no sense, and it has to change.多年以來，眾多的游說人士利用稅法來為某些公司和行業(yè)謀利，那些在這一系統(tǒng)中就業(yè)的會計師或者律師最終什么稅都不交，而所有其他人則要承受世界上最高的公司稅率。這毫無道理，這需要改變。

So tonight, I’m asking Democrats and Republicans to simplify the system.Get rid of the loopholes.Level the playing field.And use the savings to lower the corporate tax rate for the first time in 25 years – without adding to our deficit.所以，今晚，我請求民主黨和共和黨人簡化稅率，根除漏洞，實現(xiàn)公平競爭。用這些節(jié)省下來的錢來降低公司稅率，這將是25年來的第一次，而且是在不增加我們赤字的情況下。

To help businesses sell more products abroad, we set a goal of doubling our exports by 2014 – because the more we export, the more jobs we create at home.Already, our exports are up.Recently, we signed agreements with India and China that will support more than 250,000 jobs in the United States.And last month, we finalized a trade agreement with South Korea that will support at least 70,000 American jobs.This agreement has unprecedented support from business and labor;Democrats and Republicans, and I ask this Congress to pass it as soon as possible.為了幫助商業(yè)界向海外出售更多的產(chǎn)品，我們確定了在2014年將出口額翻一倍的目標，因為我們出口的越多，在國內(nèi)創(chuàng)造的就業(yè)崗位就會越多。我們的出口額已 經(jīng)開始上升。我們最近與印度和中國簽署了協(xié)議，這些協(xié)議將為美國25萬多個就業(yè)崗位提供支持。我們上個月與韓國完成了貿(mào)易協(xié)議的最后文本，它將支持至少7萬個美國就業(yè)崗位。這一協(xié)議獲得來自行業(yè)和勞工組織、民主黨人和共和黨人前所未有的支持。我 請求國會盡早通過這一協(xié)議。

Before I took office, I made it clear that we would enforce our trade agreements, and that I would only sign deals that keep faith with American

workers, and promote American jobs.That’s what we did with Korea, and that’s what I intend to do as we pursue agreements with Panama and Colombia, and continue our Asia Pacific and global trade talks.在我就職之前，我明確表示，我們將執(zhí)行我們的貿(mào)易協(xié)議。我將只會簽署那些對美國工人有信心、增加美國就業(yè)崗位的協(xié)議。我們與韓國簽署協(xié)議時就是這樣做的，我想在與巴拿馬和哥倫比亞尋求簽署類似協(xié)議時也會這樣做，在繼續(xù)與我們的亞太和全球貿(mào)易會談時持同樣立場。

To reduce barriers to growth and investment, I’ve ordered a review of government regulations.When we find rules that put an unnecessary burden on businesses, we will fix them.But I will not hesitate to create or enforce commonsense safeguards to protect the American people.That’s what we’ve done in this country for more than a century.It’s why our food is safe to eat, our water is safe to drink, and our air is safe to breathe.It’s why we have speed limits and child labor laws.It’s why last year, we put in place consumer protections against hidden fees and penalties by credit card companies, and new rules to prevent another financial crisis.And it’s why we passed reform that finally prevents the health insurance industry from exploiting patients.為了降低增長和投資的障礙，我已下令對政府規(guī)則進行重新評估。當我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些給行業(yè)帶來不必要負擔的規(guī)則時，我們將會修改這些規(guī)則。但我將不會毫不遲疑地 設立或者強制執(zhí)行常識性的保護性規(guī)則，以保護美國人民。我們在過去一個多世紀一直是這樣做的。這就是為什么我們的食物、水、空氣是安全的。這就是我們?yōu)槭?么去年對信用卡公司隱藏資費和懲罰規(guī)定采取消費者保護措施，為了避免新的金融危機采取新規(guī)則的原因。這就是我們?yōu)槭裁醋罱K通過改革法案以防止醫(yī)保行業(yè)剝削 病人的原因。

Now, I’ve heard rumors that a few of you have some concerns about the new health care law.So let me be the first to say that anything can be

improved.If you have ideas about how to improve this law by making care better or more affordable, I am eager to work with you.We can start right now by correcting a flaw in the legislation that has placed an unnecessary bookkeeping burden on small businesses.現(xiàn)在，我聽說了有關你們中的一些人對新的醫(yī)保法律有一些擔心的傳聞。所以讓我來首先說，所有的事情都有改善的可能。如果你有使醫(yī)療護理更加高質(zhì)量或者更便宜的想法，我很愿意與你合作。我們現(xiàn)在可以著手開始解決法案中給小企業(yè)帶來不必要記帳負擔的缺陷。

What I’m not willing to do is go back to the days when insurance companies could deny someone coverage because of a pre-existing condition.I’m not willing to tell James Howard, a brain cancer patient from Texas, that his treatment might not be covered.I’m not willing to tell Jim Houser, a small business owner from Oregon, that he has to go back to paying $5,000 more to cover his employees.As we speak, this law is making prescription drugs cheaper for seniors and giving uninsured students a chance to stay on their parents’ coverage.So instead of re-fighting the battles of the last two years, let’s fix what needs fixing and move forward.但我不愿意去做的事情是，重返保險公司以先決條件為由來否決一些人獲得醫(yī)療保險的時代。我不愿意告訴來自得州的腦癌患者詹姆斯·霍華德，醫(yī)保公司可能不會 支付他的治療費用。我不愿意告訴俄勒岡州的小企業(yè)主吉姆·豪斯，他還得多支付5000美元來使他的雇員獲得醫(yī)保。就在我們講話時，這一法案正使給老年人所 開的處方藥更為便宜，使沒有醫(yī)療保險的學生有繼續(xù)享受他們父母醫(yī)保的機會。所以，與其重開過去兩年在這方面的斗爭，不如讓我們糾正需要糾正的地方，向前 走。

Now, the final step – a critical step – in winning the future is to make sure we aren’t buried under a mountain of debt.現(xiàn)在，贏得未來的最后一步最關鍵的一步是確保我們不會葬身于如山的債務之中。

We are living with a legacy of deficit-spending that began almost a decade ago.And in the wake of the financial crisis, some of that was necessary to keep credit flowing, save jobs, and put money in people’s pockets.幾乎從10年前開始，赤字財政幾乎就一直與我們形影相隨。在金融危機爆發(fā)后，這在一定程度上對于保持銀行流動性、保護就業(yè)以及增加人民收入來說是必要的。

But now that the worst of the recession is over, we have to confront the fact that our government spends more than it takes in.That is not

sustainable.Every day, families sacrifice to live within their means.They deserve a government that does the same.但現(xiàn)在經(jīng)濟衰退的最糟時刻已經(jīng)結束，我們必須直面政府財政入不敷出的現(xiàn)實。這是不可持續(xù)的。每天，美國的家庭在節(jié)衣縮食以保證營收平衡。他們的政府也應如此。

So tonight, I am proposing that starting this year, we freeze annual domestic spending for the next five years.This would reduce the deficit by more than $400 billion over the next decade, and will bring discretionary spending to the lowest share of our economy since Dwight Eisenhower was president.所以今天晚上，我建議從今年開始，凍結未來五年部分國內(nèi)項目支出。這將使美國財政赤字在未來十年減少4000多億美元，進而使政府可自由支配的開支所占經(jīng)濟的比例降低到艾森豪威爾總統(tǒng)時期以來的最低水平。

This freeze will require painful cuts.Already, we have frozen the salaries of hardworking federal employees for the next two years.I’ve proposed cuts to things I care deeply about, like community action programs.The Secretary of Defense has also agreed to cut tens of billions of dollars in spending that he and his generals believe our military can do without.凍結需要進行痛苦的削減。我們已經(jīng)凍結了未來兩年辛勞工作的聯(lián)邦雇員的工資水平。我也建議削減我一直非常關注的一些項目的支出，比如社區(qū)行動項目。國防部長也已同意削減他與他的將軍們認為對我們軍事影響不大的數(shù)百億美元的軍費支出。

I recognize that some in this Chamber have already proposed deeper cuts, and I’m willing to eliminate whatever we can honestly afford to do without.But let’s make sure that we’re not doing it on the backs of our most vulnerable citizens.And let’s make sure what we’re cutting is really excess weight.Cutting the deficit by gutting our investments in innovation and education is like lightening an

overloaded airplane by removing its engine.It may feel like you’re flying high at first, but it won’t take long before you’ll feel the impact.我承認，在座各位中有些人已提出了進一步削減開支的提案，我愿意刪除任何的確可節(jié)省的開支。不過，我們必須確保不加重最脆弱的民眾的負擔。而且，我們還要 確保所削減開支屬真正超重部分。通過減少對改革和教育的投資來實現(xiàn)赤字削減，就相當于拆除發(fā)動機以實現(xiàn)超載飛機減重的目的。這樣做或許可能讓你一開始覺得 飛得很高，但沒過多久，你就會感受到?jīng)_擊。

Now, most of the cuts and savings I’ve proposed only address annual domestic spending, which represents a little more than 12% of our budget.To make further progress, we have to stop pretending that cutting this kind of spending alone will be enough.It won’t.現(xiàn)在，我提出的大部分削減和節(jié)省提案只包括在國內(nèi)支出中，而這種開支僅占我國預算的12%多一點。為了取得進一步進展，我們必須停止僅削減此類開支就已足夠的臆測。這還不夠。

The bipartisan Fiscal Commission I created last year made this crystal clear.I don’t agree with all their proposals, but they made important progress.And their conclusion is that the only way to tackle our deficit is to cut excessive spending wherever we find it – in domestic spending, defense spending, health care spending, and spending through tax breaks and loopholes.去年我組建的兩黨聯(lián)立財政委員會已經(jīng)明確了這一點。我并不認同他們的全部提案，但他們的確取得了重大進步。他們的結論是，解決我國赤字問題的唯一辦法是削減我們能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)的所有過度消費，包括國內(nèi)項目開支、國防開支、醫(yī)療開支等等。

This means further reducing health care costs, including programs like Medicare and Medicaid, which are the single biggest contributor to our long-term deficit.Health insurance reform will slow these rising costs, which is part of why nonpartisan economists have said that repealing the health care law would add a quarter of a trillion dollars to our deficit.Still, I’m willing to look at other ideas to bring down costs, including one that Republicans suggested last year: medical

malpractice reform to rein in frivolous lawsuits.這就意味著，進一步降低衛(wèi)生保健開支，包括像醫(yī)療保險和醫(yī)療補貼我國長期赤字最大單一來源這樣的項目。醫(yī)療保險改革將減緩這些開支的上升，這就是無黨派經(jīng) 濟學家認為廢止衛(wèi)生保健法會使我國赤字增加2500億美元的部分原因。我很愿意看到其他降低開支的想法，包括去年共和黨的一項提案：進行醫(yī)療事故改革，降 低草率的醫(yī)療訴訟發(fā)生率。

To put us on solid ground, we should also find a

bipartisan solution to strengthen Social Security for future generations.And we must do it without putting at risk current retirees, the most vulnerable, or people with disabilities;without slashing benefits for future generations;and without subjecting Americans’ guaranteed retirement income to the whims of the stock market.為了構建堅實的基礎，我們還應制定兩黨解決方案，強化后代社會保障。在這一點上，我們不應危及當前退休人員，最易受到傷害的人群，或殘疾人，不應有損后代利益，不應使美國退休收入保障受制于充滿不確定性的股市。

And if we truly care about our deficit, we simply cannot afford a permanent extension of the tax cuts for the wealthiest 2% of Americans.Before we take money away from our schools, or scholarships away from our students, we should ask millionaires to give up their tax break.如果我們真的關心我們的赤字，我們就不能允許永久延長有關2%最富裕美國人的減稅法案。在削減學校資金或學生的獎學金之前，我們應該讓那些百萬富翁們放棄他們的減稅優(yōu)惠。

It’s not a matter of punishing their success.It’s about promoting America’s success.這不是懲罰他們所取得的成功。而是要促進美國的成功。

In fact, the best thing we could do on taxes for all Americans is to simplify the individual tax code.This will be a tough job, but members of both parties have expressed interest in doing this, and I am prepared to join them.實際上，在稅收方面，我們能為所有美國人做的最好的事莫過于簡化個人稅碼。這將會是一項艱巨的工作，不過兩黨成員已經(jīng)表示有意從事這項工作，而且我也準備加入他們。

So now is the time to act.Now is the time for both

sides and both houses of Congress – Democrats and Republicans – to forge a principled

compromise that gets the job done.If we make the hard choices now to rein in our deficits, we can make the investments we need to win the future.所以，現(xiàn)在是時候采取行動了。現(xiàn)在是時候兩黨及國會兩院在原則上做出讓步，共同從事這項工作了。如果我們現(xiàn)在做出這一艱難決定，從而嚴加控制我們的赤字，那么我們便能夠進行贏得未來所需的投資。

Let me take this one step further.We shouldn’t just give our people a government that’s more

affordable.We should give them a government that’s more competent and efficient.We cannot win the future with a government of the past.更進一步的說，我們的政府不能負擔得更多。我們應該給人民一個更強有力、更高效的政府。過去的政府無法贏得未來。

We live and do business in the information age, but the last major reorganization of the government happened in the age of black and white TV.There are twelve different agencies that deal with exports.There are at least five different entities that deal with housing policy.Then there’s my favorite example: the Interior Department is in charge of salmon while they’re in fresh water, but the Commerce Department handles them in when they’re in saltwater.And I hear it gets even more complicated once they’re smoked.我們生活和工作在信息時代，但上一次政府大規(guī)模重組卻還是在黑白電視機的時代。涉及出口的有12個機構。涉及住房政策的則至少有5個實體。我常舉的一個例子是：大馬哈魚在淡水中時由內(nèi)政部負責，而在咸水中時則由商業(yè)部負責。而我聽說一旦被熏烤之后情況就更復雜。

Now, we have made great strides over the last two years in using technology and getting rid of waste.Veterans can now download their electronic

medical records with a click of the mouse.We’re selling acres of federal office space that hasn’t been used in years, and we will cut through red tape to get rid of more.But we need to think

bigger.In the coming months, my administration will develop a proposal to merge, consolidate, and reorganize the federal government in a way that best serves the goal of a more competitive

America.I will submit that proposal to Congress for a vote – and we will push to get it passed.現(xiàn)在，我們已經(jīng)在過去的兩年里，在利用技術以及消滅浪費方面實現(xiàn)了突飛猛進。退伍軍人現(xiàn)在點一下鼠標，就能下載他們的電子病歷。我們正在出售幾英畝數(shù)年都 未曾使用的聯(lián)邦辦公地點，而且我們將去除繁文縟節(jié)以便擺脫更多負擔。不過，我們需要考慮更多。未來的幾個月里，我的政府將會提出一項建議，以最有助于實現(xiàn) 打造更具競爭力美國的目標的方法，合并、鞏固并整頓聯(lián)邦政府。我將會把這一建議提交給國會進行投票，我們將會推動這一建議的通過。

In the coming year, we will also work to rebuild people’s faith in the institution of

government.Because you deserve to know exactly how and where your tax dollars are being spent, you will be able to go to a website and get that information for the very first time in history.Because you deserve to know when your elected officials are meeting with lobbyists, I ask Congress to do what the White House has already done: put that information online.And because the American people deserve to know that special interests aren’t larding up legislation with pet projects, both parties in Congress should know this: if a bill comes to my desk with earmarks inside, I will veto it.未來一年里，我們將繼續(xù)努力重建人民對政府機構的信任。因為你們應當確切知道你們所繳的稅花在哪里，花了多少，你們也將能夠在第一時間登陸網(wǎng)站獲得這些信 息。因為你們應當知道自己選出的官員何時會見游說團體，我已要求國會按照白宮已經(jīng)在做的將這些信息公布上網(wǎng)。而且

因為美國人民應當知道，特殊利益不能穿插 在小項目的立法中，國會中的兩黨議員應該知道這一點：如果呈現(xiàn)在我案頭的法案中存在―特殊專款‖(一般是指國會議員各自根據(jù)其選區(qū)或者集團需要，插入預算 報告中的―相關項目專款‖)，我將會予以否決。

A 21st century government that’s open and competent.A government that lives within its means.An economy that’s driven by new skills and ideas.Our success in this new and changing world will require reform, responsibility, and innovation.It will also require us to approach that world with a new level of engagement in our foreign affairs.一個具備公開和競爭力的21世紀政府。一個量入為出的政府。一個由新技術與理念驅動的經(jīng)濟體系。要在這個不斷變化的新世界中取得成功，我們需改革、責任和創(chuàng)新。這還需要我們在外交事務中通過新方法接觸世界。

Just as jobs and businesses can now race across borders, so can new threats and new challenges.No single wall separates East and West;no one rival superpower is aligned against us.正如就業(yè)和商貿(mào)現(xiàn)在可以跨越國界一樣，新威脅和新挑戰(zhàn)也是如此。隔在東西方之間的不是一堵墻，與我們?yōu)閿车囊膊皇悄硞€超級大國。

And so we must defeat determined enemies wherever they are, and build coalitions that cut across lines of region and race and religion.America’s moral example must always shine for all who yearn for freedom, justice, and dignity.And because we have begun this work, tonight we can say that American leadership has been

renewed and America’s standing has been restored.所以，我們必須戰(zhàn)勝敵人，無論他們在哪里，并建立跨越地區(qū)、種族和宗教界線的聯(lián)盟。美國的道德榜樣必需始終照耀著渴望自由、正義和尊嚴的所有人。因此我們已經(jīng)開始了這項工作，所以

今晚我們能夠說美國領導階層已經(jīng)復興，美國的地位已經(jīng)恢復。

Look to Iraq, where nearly 100,000 of our brave men and women have left with their heads held high;where American combat patrols have ended;violence has come down;and a new government has been formed.This year, our civilians will forge a lasting partnership with the Iraqi people, while we finish the job of bringing our troops out of Iraq.America’s commitment has been kept;the Iraq War is coming to an end.看看伊拉克，我們近十萬勇敢的男女士兵已經(jīng)昂首挺胸撤離伊拉克，美國的戰(zhàn)斗任務也已經(jīng)結束。在那里，暴力現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)開始下降，新政府已經(jīng)組建。今年，我們的 民眾將與伊拉克人民建立持久伙伴關系，與此同時，我們從伊拉克撤軍的工作也將結束。美國遵守了承諾，伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭即將結束。

Of course, as we speak, al Qaeda and their affiliates continue to plan attacks against us.Thanks to our intelligence and law

enforcement professionals, we are disrupting plots and securing our cities and skies.And as

extremists try to inspire acts of violence within our borders, we are responding with the strength of our communities, with respect for the rule of law, and with the conviction that American Muslims are a part of our American family.當然，誠如我們所言，基地組織及其附屬組織仍在計劃攻擊我們。感謝我們的情報和執(zhí)法人員，我們正在挫敗他們陰謀，保護我們的城市和天空。對于極端分子激發(fā) 我們國內(nèi)暴力行動的企圖，我們正以社區(qū)力量、對法規(guī)的尊重，以及對美國穆斯林是我們美國大家庭一份子的堅定信仰，作出回應。

We have also taken the fight to al Qaeda and their allies abroad.In Afghanistan, our troops have taken Taliban strongholds and trained Afghan Security Forces.Our purpose is clear – by

preventing the Taliban from reestablishing a

stranglehold over the Afghan people, we will deny al Qaeda the safe-haven that served as a launching pad for 9/11.我們也同基地組織及其海外盟友展開了戰(zhàn)斗。在阿富汗，我們的軍隊已經(jīng)占據(jù)了塔利班的根據(jù)地，并且訓練了阿富汗安全部隊。我們的目標很明顯：通過阻止塔利班再次壓榨阿富汗人民，我們將會阻止基地組織獲得充當9·11起點的避風港。

Thanks to our heroic troops and civilians, fewer Afghans are under the control of the insurgency.There will be tough fighting ahead, and the Afghan government will need to deliver better governance.But we are strengthening the capacity of the Afghan people and building an enduring

partnership with them.This year, we will work with nearly 50 countries to begin a transition to an Afghan lead.And this July, we will begin to bring our troops home.經(jīng)過英勇的軍隊及平民的奮戰(zhàn)，只剩下少數(shù)阿富汗人仍處于塔利班這一叛亂組織的控制下。擺在前面的將會是激烈的戰(zhàn)斗，而且阿富汗政府需要進行更好的管制。不 過，我們正在增強阿富汗人民的力量，并與他們構建持久的伙伴關系。今年，我們將會同近50個國家一起，開始向由阿富汗主導的狀態(tài)過渡。今年7月，我們將開 始撤軍。

In Pakistan, al Qaeda’s leadership is under more pressure than at any point since 2001.Their leaders and operatives are being removed from the

battlefield.Their safe-havens are shrinking.And we have sent a message from the Afghan border to the Arabian Peninsula to all parts of the globe: we will not relent, we will not waver, and we will defeat you.在巴基斯坦，基地組織領導階層承受著比2001年以來任何時候都要大的壓力。他們的首領和骨干正在被清除出戰(zhàn)場，他們的避風港正在收縮。

而且，我們已經(jīng)從阿富汗邊界向阿拉伯半島以及全球各地的恐怖分子發(fā)出警告：我們不會留情，我們不會動搖，我們將擊敗你們。

American leadership can also be seen in the effort to secure the worst weapons of war.Because Republicans and Democrats approved the New START Treaty, far fewer nuclear weapons and launchers will be deployed.Because we rallied the world, nuclear materials are being locked down on every continent so they never fall into the hands of terrorists.美國領導人也在努力確保最厲害戰(zhàn)爭武器的安全。因為共和黨和民主黨通過了新《削減戰(zhàn)略武器條約》，可部署的武器和發(fā)射器會更少。因為我們要重振世界，要在各大洲限制核材料，以免落入恐怖分子手中。

Because of a diplomatic effort to insist that Iran meet its obligations, the Iranian government now faces tougher and tighter sanctions than ever before.And on the Korean peninsula, we stand with our ally South Korea, and insist that North Korea keeps its commitment to abandon nuclear weapons.因為美國也在通過外交努力堅持要求伊朗履行其義務，所以伊朗政府現(xiàn)在面臨著比以往更加嚴厲的制裁。在朝鮮半島上，我們與盟國韓國站在一起，堅持朝鮮踐行其放棄核武器的諾言。

This is just a part of how we are shaping a world that favors peace and prosperity.With our European allies, we revitalized NATO, and increased our cooperation on everything from counter-terrorism to missile defense.We have reset our relationship with Russia, strengthened Asian alliances, and built new partnerships with nations like India.This March, I will travel to Brazil, Chile, and El Salvador to forge new

alliances for progress in the Americas.Around the globe, we are standing with those who take

responsibility – helping farmers grow more food;

supporting doctors who care for the sick;and

combating the corruption that can rot a society and rob people of opportunity.這僅是我們重塑世界、維護世界和平和繁榮所作出努力的一部分。我們與歐洲同盟一道，在努力恢復北約的活力，增加從反恐到導彈防御等各方面的合作。我們已經(jīng) 重新設定了與俄羅斯的關系，強化亞洲同盟，并與印度等國家建立了新的伙伴關系。今年三月，我將訪問巴西、智利和薩爾瓦多，打造美洲新的進步同盟。在全球，我們與那些負責任的國家一道，幫助農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)更多的糧食，支持醫(yī)治傷患的醫(yī)生，并與敗壞社會風氣和掠奪人民財富的腐敗行為作斗爭。

Recent events have shown us that what sets us apart must not just be our power – it must be the purpose behind it.In South Sudan – with our

assistance – the people were finally able to vote for independence after years of war.Thousands lined up before dawn.People danced in the streets.One man who lost four of his brothers at war summed up the scene around him: ―This was a battlefield for most of my life.Now we want to be free.‖

最近的事件告訴我們，使我們與眾不同的，不僅是我們的力量，也必然還有其后的目的。在我們的幫助下，南蘇丹人民在經(jīng)歷了多年的戰(zhàn)爭后，最終能夠投票選擇自 己的獨立。他們在黎明前排起了數(shù)千人的長隊，人民在大街上歡舞。一名在戰(zhàn)爭中失去了四名兄弟的男子在描述他身邊的景象時這樣說到：―這曾是我生命大多時間 中的戰(zhàn)場，現(xiàn)在我們希望自由‖。

We saw that same desire to be free in Tunisia, where the will of the people proved more powerful than the writ of a dictator.And tonight, let us be clear: the United States of America stands with the people of Tunisia, and supports the democratic aspirations of all people.我們在突尼斯看到了同樣的要求自由的愿望，在那里，事實證明人民的意志比獨裁者的敕令更有力量。今晚，我們要明確宣示：美利堅合眾國人

民與突尼斯人民站在一起，并支持全體人民的民主愿望。

We must never forget that the things we’ve

struggled for, and fought for, live in the hearts of people everywhere.And we must always

remember that the Americans who have borne the greatest burden in this struggle are the men and women who serve our country.我們絕對不能忘記我們?yōu)橹Α橹畩^斗、所有人都銘記心中的事情。我們必須永遠記住，在這場斗爭中負擔最為沉重的美國人正是那些報效我們祖國的男男女女。

Tonight, let us speak with one voice in reaffirming that our nation is united in support of our troops and their families.Let us serve them as well as they have served us – by giving them the

equipment they need;by providing them with the care and benefits they have earned;and by

enlisting our veterans in the great task of building our own nation.今晚，讓我們共同重申，我們的國家會團結一致地支持我們的軍隊及其家人。讓我們?yōu)樗麄兎眨拖袼麄優(yōu)槲覀兎漳菢樱o予他們需要的裝備、為他們提供應得的保健和福利、并在建設祖國的偉大任務中，為退伍軍人提供支持。

Our troops come from every corner of this country – they are black, white, Latino, Asian and Native American.They are Christian and Hindu, Jewish and Muslim.And, yes, we know that some of them are gay.Starting this year, no American will be forbidden from serving the country they love

because of who they love.And with that change, I call on all of our college campuses to open their doors to our military recruiters and the ROTC.It is time to leave behind the divisive battles of the past.It is time to move forward as one nation.我們的軍人來自這個國家的每一個角落。他們是黑人、白人、拉丁裔、亞裔和印第安人。他們是

基督教教徒、印度教教徒、猶太教教徒和穆斯林。的確，我們知道，其中有一些人是同性戀。從今年開始，美國人都不會因為他們的愛人而被禁止報效其所愛的國家。接下來，我呼吁所有大學校園向我們的軍方征兵人員和后備軍官訓 練隊敞開大門。現(xiàn)在，是時候和過去的分裂斗爭說再見了。我們應該作為一個民族向前邁進。

We should have no illusions about the work ahead of us.Reforming our schools;changing the way we use energy;reducing our deficit – none of this is easy.All of it will take time.And it will be harder because we will argue about everything.The cost.The details.The letter of every law.我們不應該對擺在我們面前的工作心存任何幻想。改革學校、改變能源使用方式、減少赤字，這一切都并非易事，這需要時間。我們會圍繞一切事情展開爭論，這會使難度變得更高，成本、細節(jié)、每一個法律條文。

Of course, some countries don’t have this problem.If the central government wants a railroad, they get a railroad – no matter how many homes are bulldozed.If they don’t want a bad story in the newspaper, it doesn’t get written.當然，有些國家不存在這個問題，如果中央政府說要建一條鐵路，他們就會建成一條鐵路——無論這需要拆除多少個家庭的房屋；如果他們不希望一件壞事見報，就沒人會去寫報道。

And yet, as contentious and frustrating and messy as our democracy can sometimes be, I know there isn’t a person here who would trade places with any other nation on Earth.可是，盡管我們的民主有時可能引起爭議、令人沮喪乃至像一團亂麻，但我知道，在場的各位沒有一個人會愿意與地球上任何其他國家的人交換位置。

We may have differences in policy, but we all believe in the rights enshrined in our Constitution.We may have different opinions, but we believe in the same promise that says this is a place where you can make it if you try.We may have different backgrounds, but we believe in the same dream that says this is a country where anything’s

possible.No matter who you are.No matter where you come from.我們在政策上可能有分歧，但對于我們的憲法所賦予的權利我們都深信不疑；我們可能有不同的見解，但我們都堅持一個共同的信念：在這個國家里，只要你努力嘗 試，你就有可能成功；我們可能來自不同的背景，但我們抱有同一個夢想：在這個國家里，任何想法都可能成為現(xiàn)實，無論你是誰，也無論你來自何方。

That dream is why I can stand here before you tonight.That dream is why a working class kid from Scranton can stand behind me.That dream is why someone who began by sweeping the floors of his father’s Cincinnati bar can preside as Speaker of the House in the greatest nation on Earth.正是這個夢想使我今晚能夠站在這里、站在你們面前。正是這個夢想使一名來自斯克蘭頓的勞工子弟能夠端坐在我身后。正是這個夢想使一個最初曾在他父親于辛辛那提開設的酒吧里掃地的人后來能夠在這個地球上最偉大的國家里當上眾議院議長。

That dream – that American Dream – is what drove the Allen Brothers to reinvent their roofing company for a new era.It’s what drove those students at Forsyth Tech to learn a new skill and work towards the future.And that dream is the story of a small business owner named Brandon Fisher.這個夢想——美國夢——驅使著艾倫兄弟為了一個新時代而徹底改造了他們的屋頂工程公司。這個夢想驅使著那些在佛塞斯技術社區(qū)學院求學的學生們學習新技術，為了未來努力奮斗。這個夢想也驅使一個名為布蘭登·費舍爾的小企業(yè)主有了自己的故事。

Brandon started a company in Berlin, Pennsylvania that specializes in a new kind of drilling

technology.One day last summer, he saw the news that halfway across the world, 33 men were

trapped in a Chilean mine, and no one knew how to save them.布蘭登在賓夕法尼亞州的柏林市開設了一家公司，專攻新型鉆探技術。去年夏季的一天，他看到新聞，智利礦井中有33人被困，無人知道如何營救。

But Brandon thought his company could help.And so he designed a rescue that would come to be known as Plan B.His employees worked around the clock to manufacture the necessary drilling equipment.And Brandon left for Chile.但布蘭登認為他的公司可以幫忙。他設計了一套營救方案，稱為B計劃。他的員工24小時工作，生產(chǎn)所需的鉆探設備。然后布蘭登前往智利。

Along with others, he began drilling a 2,000 foot hole into the ground, working three or four days at a time with no sleep.Thirty-seven days later, Plan B succeeded, and the miners were rescued.But because he didn’t want all of the attention，Brandon wasn’t there when the miners emerged.He had already gone home, back to work on his next project.他同其他人一起鉆了一個2000英尺的洞，連續(xù)不眠不休工作了三四天。37天后，B計劃成功，礦工獲救。但布蘭登不想引起注意，礦工升井后，他并沒有在那里。他已經(jīng)回家開始致力于下一個項目了。

Later, one of his employees said of the rescue, ―We proved that Center Rock is a little company, but we do big things.‖

后來，他的一名雇員在談到這次救援行動時說，―森特羅克（Center Rock）是一家小公司，但我

們做的卻是大事情。‖

We do big things.我們做的是大事情。

From the earliest days of our founding, America has been the story of ordinary people who dare to dream.That’s how we win the future.自建國之初起，美國一直在講述敢于追求遠大理想的普通人的故事。未來我們也將因此而成功。

We are a nation that says, ―I might not have a lot of money, but I have this great idea for a new company.I might not come from a family of college graduates, but I will be the first to get my degree.I might not know those people in trouble, but I think I can help them, and I need to try.I’m not sure how we’ll reach that better place beyond the horizon, but I know we’ll get there.I know we will.‖

我們是一個會這樣說話的民族：―我或許沒有巨款，但是我有成立一家新公司的高見。我或許沒有出生在一個擁有大學學歷的家庭，但我將會成為這個家庭里第一個 獲得大學學歷的人。我或許并不認識那些處于困境中的人們，但我認為我能夠幫助他們，而且我需要試一試。雖然我不確定我們將如何超越地平線到達更好的地方，但我知道我們將會到達那里。我知道我們能夠做到。‖

We do big things.我們做的是大事情。

The idea of America endures.Our destiny remains our choice.And tonight, more than two centuries later, it is because of our people that our future is hopeful, our journey goes forward, and the state of our union is strong.美國的理念經(jīng)久不衰。我們的命運依然取決于我

們的選擇。今晚，在兩個多世紀之后，正因為有了我們的人民，我們的未來才充滿希望，我們的征程才一路向前，我們的國家才強大繁盛。

Thank you, God Bless You, and may God Bless the United States of America.謝謝大家。愿上帝保佑你們，愿上帝保佑美利堅合眾國。

第三篇：駐英國大使劉曉明在中國銀行倫敦分行暨中國銀行

駐英國大使劉曉明在中國銀行倫敦分行暨中國銀行（英國）有限公司遷址儀式上的致辭 2010年9月17日

Speech by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the Launching Ceremony of the New Office of Bank of China London Branch and Bank of China(UK)Ltd 17 September, 2010

尊敬的中國銀行副行長岳毅先生，中國銀行倫敦分行總經(jīng)理、中國銀行（英國）公司執(zhí)行總裁葛奇先生，英格蘭銀行市場執(zhí)行理事保羅·費舍爾（PAUL FISHER）先生，女士們、先生們：

Vice President Yue Yi, Mr Kenneth Ge, Mr Paul Fisher, Executive Director for Markets of Bank of England, Distinguished guests, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，我祝賀中國銀行倫敦分行暨中國銀行（英國）有限公司喬遷之喜。

May I warmly congratulate Bank of China London Branch and Bank of China(UK)Limited on the launch of their new office.這是我到任半年以來第二次出席中資機構的喬遷儀式。這既表明中國企業(yè)在英國不斷發(fā)展，也預示著將有更多的中國企業(yè)來英投資興業(yè)。據(jù)英國貿(mào)易投資署最新發(fā)表的報告，去年中國對英投資有74項，居各國對英投資排名的第六位；同時，據(jù)倫敦投資局的統(tǒng)計，去年中國有24家公司在倫敦新投資或擴資，居各國第二位。

This is the second such event I attended during my six months in London.The last one was the relocation of the CCPIT London Office early July.In fact, there has been quite some good news about Chinese businesses in the UK recently.A latest UKTI report ranks China as the 6th largest investor in the UK last year with investments in 74 projects.According to Think London, China was the second largest new investor in London, with 24 companies opened or expanded in London last year.By the end of last year, FDI from China in the UK reached 620 million US dollars.就金融企業(yè)而言，目前，中國在英國有三家分行（中國銀行、建設銀行和中國工商銀行）、一家子行和多家代表處。我聽說，中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行也正在積極籌備將倫敦代表處升格為分行。這些表明，中國機構和企業(yè)重視英國市場和倫敦金融中心的地位，看中英國優(yōu)良的投資發(fā)展環(huán)境。我期待著今后收到更多中資企業(yè)成立、遷址儀式的邀請，也非常樂意到場祝賀。

In the financial sector, Chinese banks have set up three branches(Bank of China, Construction Bank of China and Industrial & Commercial Bank of China), one subsidiary and quite a few offices in the UK.I heard that the Agricultural Bank of China are also planning to upgrade its London Office to a branch.This shows that Chinese businesses are increasingly taking the UK market as a big priority and are seeking to leverage London's status as a financial centre to expand their UK and European business.I'm sure there will be more occasions like today and I will be happy to attend.中國銀行倫敦分行于1929年設立，是中國銀行業(yè)在海外設立的第一家分支機構。歷經(jīng)八十余載風雨，今天的中國銀行倫敦分行依舊煥發(fā)著青春、充滿著朝氣：

The Bank of China London Branch, which was set up in 1929, was the first overseas branch of a Chinese bank.81 years on, this branch is brimming with vigor and vitality.一是規(guī)模不斷擴大。分行先后在倫敦金融城以及倫敦唐人街、曼徹斯特、格拉斯哥和伯明翰等地設立了營業(yè)部門，2007年又成功建立中國銀行（英國）有限公司。

First, it has set up offices in the City, London China Town, and in Manchester, Glasgow and Birmingham.Its UK subsidiary-Bank of China(UK)Limited, in particular, has won it access to the EU market.二是客戶日益多元。分行積極支持中國企業(yè)來英國投資發(fā)展，并為英國企業(yè)到中國投資提供融資和貸款。

Secondly, it has built a diverse customers' base.The London Branch has cultivated the custom of local Chinese communities and businesses by actively supporting them in their UK ventures with financial facilities.三是員工日益本土化和國際化。分行包容的企業(yè)文化和良好的發(fā)展前景吸引了許多英國當?shù)厝瞬拧Ｄ壳皢T工數(shù)量超過200名，其中當?shù)厝苏?0%，且許多從事中高層管理工作。

Thirdly, its work force is increasingly local and international.Local professional have been attracted by its inclusive culture and good prospects.90% of the over 200 employees are British, of whom many are mid-level or senior managers.四是業(yè)績持續(xù)上升。當國際金融危機來襲時，中國銀行倫敦分行憑借穩(wěn)健的經(jīng)營策略、幾乎為零的不良資產(chǎn)率和充足的流動性，逆市上揚，既擴大了資本金，實現(xiàn)了收購兼并，又獲得了良好業(yè)績。

Fourthly, it enjoys expanding business.With a solid business strategy, a nearly zero non-performing loans ratio and abundant liquidity, it survived the financial crisis well with more equity and a successful acquisition.今天中國銀行倫敦分行遷址，這是它發(fā)展進程中的一個新里程碑。希望分行不斷提高管理水平，提升服務質(zhì)量，擴大客戶范圍，吸納優(yōu)秀人才，創(chuàng)造更多佳績。

Today marks a new milestone in the history of the Bank of China London Branch, as it moves into its spacious, well-furnished new office in the centre of the City.I hope that along with this improvement in hardware will come even better services, higher quality management, more customers, a larger talent pool and higher profits.最后，我祝中國銀行倫敦分行暨中國銀行（英國）有限公司興旺發(fā)達，在促進中英兩國經(jīng)貿(mào)、金融合作方面發(fā)揮更大作用。

To conclude, I wish the Bank of China London Branch and Bank of China(UK)Limited greater success and a bigger role in China-UK trade and financial cooperation.謝謝！

Thank you.

第四篇：駐英國大使劉曉明在英國樂購晚餐研討會的演講

駐英國大使劉曉明在英國樂購晚餐研討會的演講

2010年4月27日

Speech by Ambassador Liu Xiaoming At TESCO Dinner

April 27, 2010, Royal Horseguards Hotel, London

尊敬的戴維·里德主席，女士們，先生們：

Chairman David Reid,Ladies and Gentlemen,首先感謝TESCO的精心安排，使我有機會與各位新老朋友見面和交流。

I would like to thank TESCO for its kind invitation this evening.我來英國前就知道TESCO，因為TESCO在我的家鄉(xiāng)沈陽有6家大型超市，我來英國后進的第一家超市也是TESCO。我很欣賞它的中文名字—“樂購”，從意思上來說，“樂購”非常生動形象，在中文里就是“HAPPY TO BUY”。它提供的購物環(huán)境和商品也確實非常好。TESCO is well-known to me even before I came to the UK.It has 6 stores in my hometown Shenyang, capital city of Liaoning Province.The first supermarket I went to since my arrival in London was also a TESCO store.TESCO's Chinese name “Le Gou” means “Happy To Buy”.As you would say, “it does what it says on the tin” by offering a nice shopping environment and products people want to buy.今天晚宴討論的主題是中國的發(fā)展和外資的作用。這是一個很大的題目。中國的發(fā)展，我認為這既是過去時，也是進行時，更是將來時。

This dinner is focused on China's development and the role of foreign investment.A big subject for one evening, but I'm sure the discussions will go on long after tonight.中國改革開放32年，借鑒世界各國的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，實現(xiàn)了GDP年均10%左右的增長，創(chuàng)造了世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展史上的奇跡。有的英美學者認為，中國創(chuàng)造了一種全新的發(fā)展模式，冠名以“北京共識”，將之與“華盛頓共識”相提并論。雖然“北京共識”這頂“高帽”對我們有些偏大，但它說明國際上的有識之士已經(jīng)看到，中國成功走出了一條適合自己國情的發(fā)展道路。

During the past 32 years of reform and opening-up, China has achieved an average annual GDP growth of close to 10% and the country was transformed.Some British scholars called it the “Beijing Consensus”, which is rather flattering.But we do believe that China has pursued a way of development that fits with its actual conditions.當前，國際金融危機尚未完全消褪，主權債務和失業(yè)問題仍困擾著許多國家，但中國率先走出了金融危機的陰影，去年實現(xiàn)了8.7%的經(jīng)濟增長，對世界經(jīng)濟的貢獻率超過50%。今年第一季度，中國經(jīng)濟保持了強勁的增長勢頭，達到11.9%，創(chuàng)下國際金融危機爆發(fā)以來最快增速。

China fared relatively well in the latest financial crisis.It achieved 8.7 percent growth last year, contributing over 50% to global economic growth.In the first quarter of this year, China's economy grew by 11.9%.當然，中國今年面臨的形勢還很復雜，仍然面臨許多困難和挑戰(zhàn)，我們將以履冰臨淵之心，繼續(xù)實施積極的財政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，并且根據(jù)宏觀經(jīng)濟中可能出現(xiàn)的新情況、新問題，提高政策的靈活性與針對性，管理好通脹預期；同時，重點加快結構調(diào)整、轉變發(fā)展方式。

Having said that, the Chinese economy is still facing a complex and uncertain situation both internationally and domestically.The challenge this year is to maintain fast growth, manage inflationary expectation and accelerate economic restructuring all at the same time.中國過去、現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展，有目共睹，但未來的中國經(jīng)濟前景如何，特別是在可預見的十年、二十年內(nèi)能否保持增長動力，這點我想不僅大家關心，也是中國政府認真思考的問題。我認為，中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的空間仍然十分廣闊，潛力仍然非常巨大。

The long-term outlook for the Chinese economy is still a highly positive one, thanks in part to the following factors.第一，工業(yè)化和城鎮(zhèn)化將繼續(xù)為中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展提供強勁動力。中國的工業(yè)化仍處于中期發(fā)展階段。中國的人均GDP只有3000美元左右，產(chǎn)業(yè)結構中第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重仍然最大，就業(yè)人口集中在第一和第二產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)結構大致處于由重工業(yè)化階段向高加工度化階段逐步推進。因此，作為發(fā)展中國家，中國的后發(fā)優(yōu)勢依然存在，今后仍將處于經(jīng)濟加速追趕狀態(tài)。同時，中國正在進行人類歷史上規(guī)模最大的城鎮(zhèn)化。過去30年，4億多農(nóng)村人口遷移到了城市，未來20年，這個數(shù)字可能還有3億多。城鎮(zhèn)化不單純是農(nóng)民進城，它也意味著國民經(jīng)濟增長模式和國民生活方式的重大轉變，將持續(xù)成為中國經(jīng)濟增長的基本動力。當然，城市飛速發(fā)展，城市生活也越來越面臨一系列挑戰(zhàn)：空間沖突、文化摩擦、資源短缺和環(huán)境污染。這正是中國為什么將上海世博會的主題定為“城市，讓生活更美好”。中國希望集合世界的智慧，詮釋全新的城市生活，勾勒理想城市的藍圖。

First, industrialisation and urbanisation will continue to be powerful engines for China's economic development.China's industrialisation is still at the mid-stage.Over the past 30 years, more than 400 million farmers migrated to the cities.There will be over 300 million more doing so in the next 20 years.第二，消費將成為中國經(jīng)濟增長的新引擎。有人認為，在拉動經(jīng)濟的“三駕馬車”中，中國過度依賴出口和投資，而消費嚴重不足，這種模式是畸形的，因此未來的高增長是不可持續(xù)的。我認為，這種看法的結論未免武斷。

Second, consumption will become a new driver of economic growth in China.Even before the financial crisis, China had tried very hard to boost domestic demand.實際上，金融危機爆發(fā)之前，中國就已多方努力轉變經(jīng)濟增長方式，積極擴大內(nèi)需。試想一下，13億中國人每人每天只需多花1元人民幣，一年就將增加消費4900億元，直接拉動經(jīng)濟增長1.6個百分點。中國民眾并非不具備這種消費實力，中國居民儲蓄總額高達20萬億元人民幣（約3萬億美元），而是由于我們的消費“開發(fā)”得還不夠。因此，目前中國政府正在做的，就是通過加快調(diào)整國民收入分配結構，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，加速城市化進程，健全社會保障體系，促進服務產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，從而釋放民眾的消費需求，消除民眾的消費顧慮，締造民眾的可持續(xù)消費能力，提升民眾的消費水平和結構。

Just imagine, if every Chinese spends just 1 Yuan more a day, this would raise economic growth by 1.6 percentage points.去年，中國社會消費品零售總額1.8萬億美元，扣除價格因素實際增長16.9%，創(chuàng)下1986年以來的最高增速。預計今年國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模將達到2萬億美元。我相信，未來中國消費增長的潛力是巨大的，動力是強勁和充沛的，中國經(jīng)濟也有望實現(xiàn)內(nèi)需和外需協(xié)調(diào)增長、投資與消費相互促進。

Last year, retail sales in China increased nearly 17%.But consumerism is still in its infancy.The Chinese government is working hard to improve the social security system and increase people's income.中國內(nèi)需的擴大、消費的增強，無疑對在華的外國企業(yè)和世界各國都是福音。在全球化時代，中國的市場是開放的，機遇是共享的，競爭是公平的。

This is good news for companies both in China and Britain.Remember, China became the second largest importer last year after only the U.S.Continued openness of the Chinese market will offer enormous opportunities to Britain and other countries.第三，外資將繼續(xù)是中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要助推力。在中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展過程中，外國投資無疑一直起到了關鍵的作用，外資進入中國，帶來的不僅是資金，更是帶來了全新的管理和技術。中國是吸引外資最多的發(fā)展中國家，截至2010年3月，外商對華投資累計設立企業(yè)近69萬家，實際使用外資超過1萬億美元。2009年中國進出口總值中，外商投資企業(yè)進出口總值12174億美元，占到55.16%。

Thirdly, foreign investment will continue to play a key role in China's economic development.China has been the largest destination for FDI among developing countries for years.By last March, nearly 690,000 foreign invested companies have been set up in China, investing over 1 trillion US dollars.In 2009, foreign-invested companies accounted for 55% of China's total foreign trade.未來相當長一段時間，中國仍將是外國投資者的“風水寶地”。從全球大規(guī)模要素轉移的歷史來看，日本、亞洲“四小龍”、中國陸續(xù)成為承接地。目前，盡管中國的要素成本有所抬升，人口結構不像原來那么“年輕”，但綜合考慮成本和市場因素，中國仍最具優(yōu)勢，這個“接力棒”仍握在中國的手中。我聽說，TESCO正在中國“加速跑”，將投資1億多英鎊，組建新的合資公司，在青島等地新建三家大型購物中心。這說明他們是很有戰(zhàn)略眼光的。For quite a long time to come, China will remain a “l(fā)and of treasure” for foreign investors.I am told that TESCO will reportedly invest 2 billion pounds in China in the next 5 years.I hope TESCO will be rewarded for its vision and commitment to China.中國政府今后對外資的政策，我個人認為，歸納起來是三條：

With regard to Chinese policies on foreign investment, let me cite the following three basic principles.一是態(tài)度上繼續(xù)歡迎，同時合理引導投資方向。當今世界各國都把節(jié)能減排、環(huán)境保護，包括綠色經(jīng)濟、低碳經(jīng)濟放到重要地位，中國吸收外資應該為自身的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展服務，外資的導向政策也應該符合國家的整體發(fā)展方向。我們歡迎高技術、服務業(yè)、有利于發(fā)揮中國勞動力比較優(yōu)勢的外資，但對過度消耗能源和資源、制造污染的外國投資將拒之門外。

First, China will continue to welcome foreign investors, particularly in high-tech industries, low

carbon economy sectors, and service sectors that can build on its abundant labour resources.It will no longer support new investment into sectors which are excessively energy consuming or polluting.二是政策上不斷完善，積極擴大市場準入。面對新形勢，中國政府在本月發(fā)布了《進一步做好利用外資工作的若干意見》。《意見》明確提出，要擴大開放領域，優(yōu)化利用外資結構；支持符合條件的外商投資企業(yè)在中國境內(nèi)公開發(fā)行股票、發(fā)行企業(yè)債券和票據(jù)等。同樣在本月，我們就2010年國家自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品認定工作相關規(guī)定在網(wǎng)上公開征求意見，征求意見稿明確，國家自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品認定對在中國境內(nèi)依法設立的所有企業(yè)一視同仁，外國在華企業(yè)同樣可以申請。這些均是中國進一步優(yōu)化投資環(huán)境的具體行動，受到外企的廣泛好評。

Secondly, the Chinese government will continue to expand market access for foreign investors.According to the latest official guideline, eligible foreign companies may apply to list their shares on Chinese stock exchanges and issue corporate bonds and notes in China.All companies-including foreign companies in China will also be treated equally in the designation of products of independent innovation.三是行動上加大努力，切實保護知識產(chǎn)權。又是在這個月，中國政府28個相關部門共同制定了《2010年中國保護知識產(chǎn)權行動計劃》，并付諸實施。我們將進一步完善保護知識產(chǎn)權的體制機制、法律系統(tǒng)，為投資者、知識產(chǎn)權的權利人提供更好的保護知識產(chǎn)權的環(huán)境，也為創(chuàng)新者和拉動技術進步的力量創(chuàng)造一個更好的運營環(huán)境。這不僅有利于外企在中國的發(fā)展，也有利于提高中國本土企業(yè)乃至提高中國國家核心競爭力。

Thirdly, there will be greater efforts to protect intellectual property rights.This month the 2010 Action Plan on IPR Protection in China was adopted by 28 government departments.總之，中國政府正竭盡所能，為包括英國在內(nèi)的各國在華企業(yè)創(chuàng)造良好的環(huán)境，希望你們每個企業(yè)的產(chǎn)品都能做到“HAPPY TO SELL”。當然，它需要中國政府的努力，也需要每個企業(yè)的努力。

The Chinese government is doing its best to create a balanced and fair environment for all companies in China.I hope all of you will be “Happy To Sell” in China.各位朋友，再過3天，上海世博會就將開幕。世博會是一個經(jīng)濟、科技、人文領域的盛會，對中英經(jīng)貿(mào)和投資合作亦是一個難得的機遇。世博會對中國而言，是中國擴大對外開放、良好投資環(huán)境的集中展示，對英國而言，是英國現(xiàn)代和活力、創(chuàng)意和設計的表現(xiàn)窗口。英國館的設計富有想象，中國人親切地稱它為“蒲公英”。我還了解到，英中貿(mào)協(xié)將在9月中旬舉辦世博會英國館“金融周”活動，通過上海主會場以及設在香港、深圳、成都、北京的各分會場向中國金融企業(yè)介紹最新的技術和豐富的經(jīng)驗。我相信，中英雙方通過世博會這一平臺，完全可以尋求新的商機，挖掘新的增長點，進一步擴大雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)和投資合作。

In just 3 days the World Expo will open in Shanghai.This will provide a rare opportunity for China and the UK to demonstrate there respective assets in trade and investment.The UK Pavilion has an imaginative design and is affectionately known as “dandelion” by the Chinese.I understand that there will also be a rich programme of business and cultural events during the Expo.I hope that through the Expo, China and UK will be able to seek new business opportunities, explore new areas of growth and further expand trade and investment cooperation.4月30日中午，我將在使館舉行世博會招待會，希望在座的各位如有時間蒞臨出席，共同觀看世博會開幕式盛況。

At noon on the 30th April, I will host a reception at the embassy to mark the opening of the Expo.Your presence will be more than welcome.If any of you would like to join, do let my colleagues know.Hope to see you there.謝謝！

Thank you.

第五篇：駐英國大使劉曉明在英國劍橋大學的演講--中英文對照

成功的道路，全面的發(fā)展

——駐英國大使劉曉明在英國劍橋大學的演講 英國劍橋大學嘉治商學院 2011年2月22日

The Road to Success and Comprehensive Development--Speech by H.E.Ambassador Liu Xiaoming at the University of Cambridge Judge Business School, University of Cambridge 22 February 2011

尊敬的劍橋大學校長博里塞維奇爵士，老師們，同學們：

Vice Chancellor Sir Leszek Borysiewicz, Faculty members, Students，很高興應博里塞維奇校長的邀請訪問劍橋大學并作演講。

It is my great pleasure and privilege to visit Cambridge at the invitation of the Vice Chancellor and to speak at the Judge Business School.這是我出使英國后第一次來到劍橋，但我對劍橋絲毫沒有陌生感。

This is my first visit to Cambridge as Chinese Ambassador to the UK.Yet Cambridge is no stranger to me.雖然我到英國后先去了牛津，但我知道“牛津出首相、劍橋出諾貝爾獎”這句佳話，知道劍橋大學校友獲得了88個諾貝爾獎，相當于英國所獲諾獎的總和，在世界所有大學中保持最高紀錄。

I heard a saying: “If you want to meet prime ministers, go to Oxford;but for Nobel Prize winners, go to Cambridge”.Cambridge alumni won 88 Nobel Prizes, as many as the prizes won by Britain as a country, ranking first in all the universities around the world.我最早相識劍橋，是因為徐志摩先生在這里留下了《再別康橋》這樣的千古絕唱，也是因為李約瑟博士在這里寫就了鴻篇巨著《中國科學技術史》。

I first got to know Cambridge from Chinese poet Xu Zhimo who wrote his best-known poem Farewell to Cambridge, and later from Dr Joseph Needham who wrote and edited the epic series Science and Civilisation in China.我第一次走進“劍橋”，是29年前我在美國塔夫茨大學弗萊徹學院讀書的時候。當時弗萊徹學院由塔夫茨大學和哈佛大學共同管理，兩院校圖書館使用統(tǒng)一索引，我經(jīng)常去位于“劍橋”的哈佛大學圖書館查閱資料。

My first visit to a place called Cambridge was 29 years ago when I was a student at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, which was then jointly administered by Tufts and Harvard.As Fletcher and Harvard shared the same library call number, I went to the Harvard Cambridge Library quite often.今天，我走進“正宗”的劍橋，這既是一次工作性質(zhì)的訪問，推動劍橋大學與中國的教育合作，也是一次個人的精神尋旅，品味劍橋800年的文化積淀。當然，我也愿就大家關心的中國話題，與你們交流討論。

Today I have finally come to the real Cambridge, both on a personal journey to fulfil a long-cherished dream of seeing Cambridge and experiencing its 800-year heritage and on an official visit to discuss educational cooperation and to talk about China.上周，根據(jù)中日兩國的最新GDP統(tǒng)計數(shù)字，中國正式超過日本成為了世界第二大經(jīng)濟體。世界上各大媒體都將此作為熱點新聞進行報道。世界再次聚焦中國，圍繞中國問題的討論一直方興未艾，現(xiàn)在再次升溫。我總結了一下人們熱議的幾個問題：一是中國成為世界第二說明了什么？二是中國是否很快會成為世界第一？三是中國能否持續(xù)高速發(fā)展？四是中國發(fā)展對世界意味什么？今天，我想就這些問題談談我的看法。

Last week one of the headline news was that China has officially overtaken Japan as the world's second largest economy.This has put China in the limelight once again and stoked an ongoing discussion about China.Many questions were asked: What does China being the second largest economy tell us? How soon is China going to be number one? Will China be able to sustain such rapid growth? What does China's development mean to the world? The list can go on and on.But these are the most asked questions.Let me share my thoughts about these questions.首先，中國成為世界第二大經(jīng)濟體說明什么？我認為，它說明了中國發(fā)展道路的成功。

First question: What does it tell us that China rolls in at number two? I think it tells the successful story of China's development.中國為什么會取得如此成功？中國成功的經(jīng)驗是什么？中國成功靠走適合自己國情的道路。一個十三億人口的大國，一個有五千年文明歷史的古國，該走什么樣的道路才能發(fā)展，教科書上沒有現(xiàn)成的答案，歷史上也沒有可以參考的先例。但中國人“摸著石頭過河”，牢牢把握自己的國情，不斷探索實踐，開拓創(chuàng)新，借鑒吸取世界各國有益經(jīng)驗，實現(xiàn)了天翻地覆的變化。

The secret of China's success is simple and open.That is China has found a development model well suited to its national conditions.How should we go about developing a country with 1.3 billion people and a history of 5 thousand years? Neither textbooks nor history has given us the ready answer.As Mr Deng Xiaoping termed it, we managed to “cross the river by feeling for the stones”.We explored our way forward in a pioneering spirit by combining the useful experiences of other countries with the unique circumstances of China.中國成功靠“改革開放”。開放，不僅是經(jīng)濟上的對外開放，從封閉半封閉到全方位、多層次、寬領域對外開放，更是思想頭腦的解放，社會的自由寬松，政府的公開透明。改革，不僅是改革經(jīng)濟制度，將高度集中的計劃經(jīng)濟體制改革為充滿生機和活力的社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制，也是政治、社會、文化的全面改革和建設。

China's success also lies in its commitment to reform and opening-up.Opening-up means embracing the global economy at every level and in every area.But it is much more than that.It also means freeing your mind, fostering a more open and diverse society.It means nurturing a culture of open and transparent government.Reform is about transforming the planned economy to a vibrant socialist market economy.It is also about making comprehensive progress in political, social and cultural spheres.西方有些人認為，中國只搞經(jīng)濟改革，不搞政治改革。這是對中國全面改革的一種誤解。事實上，30多年來，中國的經(jīng)濟體制改革每推進一步，政治體制改革也深化一步。人民代表大會制度、中國共產(chǎn)黨領導的多黨合作和政治協(xié)商制度，在中國政治生活中的地位和作用越來越大。30多年來，中國民主法制建設不斷加強，堅持依法治國，幾千年形成的人治社會正在向法治社會轉變。30多年來，中國人權事業(yè)有了大發(fā)展，我們將尊重和保障人權寫入了憲法，依法保障全體社會成員平等參與、平等發(fā)展的權利，同時加強國際人權合作。

Some people in the West believe China has carried out reform only in economic sector, not in political system.This is a misunderstanding of China's comprehensive reform.During the past 3 decades, political reform has come with economic reform every step of the way, and political progress has been achieved hand in hand with economic growth.We have seen a growing role of the National People's Congress and multi-party political consultation under the leadership of the Communist Party.Democratic decision making and the legal system has been strengthened.The millennium-old pattern of “rule by man” is giving way to the rule of law.We have also seen significant progress in human rights.The promotion and protection of human rights has been written into the Chinese Constitution.All citizens enjoy the rights protected by law to equal participation and development.We have also strengthened international cooperation on human rights.歷史上，中國并非沒有嘗試過西方式的民主，但都并未給中國帶來繁榮和富強。今天，我們找到了一條適合自己發(fā)展的道路，建立了有中國特色的民主制度，我們有什么理由動搖？有什么理由折騰？

It was not for lack of trying that Western-style democracy did not bring China the prosperity and strength it had wanted so badly in its modern history.Now that we have found our own road to success and Chinese style democracy, why should we waver or give it up?

第二個問題，中國是否已在坐二望一，很快超過美國？回答這個問題前，我們不妨看以下幾對關鍵詞：

Second question, how soon is China going to overtake the US? Before we answer this question, let's look at some key words:

一是“總量”和“人均”。盡管中國經(jīng)濟總量成了世界第二，去年達到5.8萬億美元，但人均GDP只有4300美元，仍排在世界百位左右，離中等發(fā)達國家相距甚遠，僅占英國的1/9，美國的1/10。

“Aggregates” and “per capita”.China's economic aggregates stood at 5.8 trillion US dollars in 2010, ranking second in the world.But its per capita GDP was merely 4,300 US dollars, lower than about 100 other countries, only one ninth of the UK, and one tenth of the US.二是“沿海”與“內(nèi)地”及“城市”與“農(nóng)村”。中國的沿海很發(fā)達，城市很繁榮，但是中國西部經(jīng)濟仍很落后，而且中國的城鎮(zhèn)化率僅有46%，城鄉(xiāng)居民收入比高達3.23：1。我曾在中國最貧困的省份之一甘肅擔任兩年省長助理，對此深有感受。甘肅地處大西北，自然條件惡劣，沙漠化對當?shù)厝嗣竦纳鏄嫵闪藝谰魬?zhàn)，經(jīng)濟發(fā)展困難很大。許多農(nóng)村的孩子們沒有電腦，更從來沒有上過互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。很多孩子在完成國家9年義務階段教育后，由于經(jīng)濟原因不得不中止學業(yè)。

“Coastal” and “inland”, “urban” and “rural”.We have in China both rich cities in the coastal regions and under developed poor regions in the west of the country.The urbanisation rate is only 46%, and the urban/rural income ratio is as high as 3.23 to 1.I served for two years as Assistant Governor in one of the poorest provinces in northwest China – Gansu.Gansu suffers from tough natural conditions.Desertification threatens the livelihood of the local people and economic development is a huge challenge.Many of the children in the countryside do not have access to computers or the internet.Many boys and girls have to drop out of school because their families cannot afford their continued education.三是“制造”與“創(chuàng)造”。中國是制造業(yè)大國，但很多產(chǎn)品只有加工、封裝等勞動力密集型環(huán)節(jié)在中國完成，研發(fā)設計、關鍵部件和市場營銷都在國外，中國處在國際產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的末端。中國出口商品中90%是貼牌生產(chǎn)，每部手機售價的20%、計算機售價的30%、數(shù)控機床售價的20%到40%，都要支付給國外專利持有者。從“中國制造”到“中國創(chuàng)造”還有很長的路要走。

“Made in China” and “created in China”.For all its manufacturing strength, China is still at the lower end of the value chain.In many cases only the labour-intensive parts of production such as processing and packaging are done in China.R&D, design, key components and marketing are done elsewhere.90% of China's export commodities are OEM products.20% of the retail value of every mobile phone, 30% that of computers and 20-40% that of Computer Numerical Control machine tools go to foreign patent owners.There is still a long way to go from “Made in China” to “created in China”.四是“粗放”與“集約”。有數(shù)據(jù)顯示，中國單位GDP的能耗是國際水平的三至四倍，是英國的八倍。中國消耗了全球46％的鋼鐵、16％的能源、52％的水泥，但僅創(chuàng)造了全球8％左右的GDP。中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展效率還有待大幅提升，需要從“粗放型”向“集約型”發(fā)展。

“Energy-intensive” and “energy-efficient”.Statistics show that China's energy intensity is 3 to 4 times that of the international average and 8 times that of the UK.China consumes 46% of the world's iron and steel, 16% of energy, 52% of cement, and only produces 8% of the world's GDP.China still has a lot to do to raise the quality and efficiency of its economic growth.因此，中國經(jīng)濟總量雖然已居世界第二，但人均水平和GDP質(zhì)量還遠沒有達到發(fā)達國家的水平。我們不是“謙虛”，也不是“虛偽”，更不是想逃避“責任”，而是中國仍然是一個不折不扣的發(fā)展中國家。集中精力搞建設，一心一意謀發(fā)展，是我們長期的優(yōu)先任務。我們不追求“虛名”，要的是實實在在的國強和民富。

Although China is now number 2 economy in the world, we still lag far behind developed countries in per capita income and quality of GDP.China is still a developing country, not because we are modest or hypocritical, or we wish to escape from our responsibilities.Development will remain a top priority for China for a long time to come.第三個問題，中國已經(jīng)高速行進了30多年，今后還能持續(xù)快速發(fā)展嗎？

Third question: Can China sustain its fast growth after 3 decades?

回答是肯定的。中國還處在工業(yè)化中期階段和城鎮(zhèn)化加速上升階段，中國仍需要大量的基礎設施投資，需要在未來20年安置3億多人口從農(nóng)村遷移到城市，需要滿足人民消費結構從溫飽向小康升級換代的需求，需要實現(xiàn)西部地區(qū)向東部地區(qū)的發(fā)展水平看齊，因此中國經(jīng)濟并不缺乏動力，仍有很大的發(fā)展空間，我們有充分理由保持樂觀。

The answer is positve.China is still in the course of rapid industrialisation and urbanisation.This is a phase when massive infrastructure investment is needed.300 million people are expected to move from the countryside to the cities in the next 20 years.The Chinese people need to upgrade their consumption pattern, and the western regions need to catch up with their eastern counterparts.So driving force is never lacking for the Chinese economy, and there is plenty of potential to be tapped.We have reasons to be optimistic about the future.中國去年底制定了“十二五”規(guī)劃，即將在下月交由全國人民代表大會審議，這將是未來5年中國發(fā)展的重要藍圖。

The National People's Congress will review China's 12th Five-Year Plan at its annual session next month.This is an important blueprint for China's development in the next 5 years.我們要對中國經(jīng)濟結構進行戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。我們將努力擴大內(nèi)需，促進經(jīng)濟增長向依靠消費、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動轉變。我們將加強農(nóng)業(yè)，提升制造業(yè)核心競爭力，發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快發(fā)展服務業(yè)，促進經(jīng)濟增長向依靠第一、第二、第三產(chǎn)業(yè)協(xié)同帶動轉變。我們將統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展，促進區(qū)域良性互動、協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

We will carry out strategic economic restructuring to expand domestic demand and promote balanced growth driven by consumption, investment and exports.We will strengthen agriculture, increase the competitiveness of manufacturing, and give priority to emerging industries and the services sector.The aim is to seek a balanced and coordinated development between urban and rural areas and between east and west.我們要積極推進科技進步和創(chuàng)新，加快建設創(chuàng)新型國家。正如鄧小平先生曾經(jīng)指出的，科技是第一生產(chǎn)力。中國今后的發(fā)展必須向主要依靠科技進步、勞動者素質(zhì)提高、管理創(chuàng)新轉變。

We will promote scientific and technological progress and innovation.We will speed up efforts to turn China into an innovation-driven country.As Mr Deng Xiaoping pointed out, “There is no other productive force more important than science and technology”.Our future development must rely on scientific and technological progress, a higher quality labour force and innovative management.我們要更好地保障和改善民生。發(fā)展經(jīng)濟，歸根結底是為了人民的幸福。我們將完善保障和改善民生的制度安排，把促進就業(yè)放在優(yōu)先位置，推進基本公共服務均等化，加大收入分配調(diào)節(jié)力度，使發(fā)展成果惠及全體人民。

We will continue to improve the lives of our people.Economic development is aimed at serving people's interests.We will improve social security, increase job creation, promote equal access to public services and balance income distribution.This will ensure that the benefits of development will be shared by all.我們要建設資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會。中國人均GDP要向西方國家看齊，但人均能源消費絕不能趕超發(fā)達國家，因為我們生活的地球實在承受不起。我們不能走西方國家工業(yè)化的老路。我們要節(jié)約能源，降低溫室氣體排放強度，發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟，推廣低碳技術，積極應對氣候變化，促進經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展與人口資源環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，走可持續(xù)發(fā)展之路。

We will build an energy-efficient and environment-friendly society.We need to catch up with developed countries in terms of per capita GDP, but not per capita energy consumption, as this would be unsustainable for our planet.China cannot follow the traditional Western way of industrialisation.We must raise energy efficiency, reduce emission intensity, develop a circular economy, extensively apply low-carbon technologies and actively address climate change.We must promote sustainable development, achieving an appropriate balance between economic, social progress and population, resources and the environment.第四個問題，中國發(fā)展了，對世界意味著什么？是福還是禍？是機遇還是威脅？我們不妨看三點：

The fourth and last question: What does China's development mean to the world, a blessing or catastrophe, opportunities or threats? This question can be answered in 3 aspects:

一是中國給世界和平帶來威脅了嗎？中國奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，莊嚴地向世界承諾永遠不稱霸，永遠不搞擴張；主張不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務和談判解決國際爭端；倡導互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀。中國是聯(lián)合國安理會常任理事國中派出維和人員最多的國家，累計參與24項聯(lián)合國維和行動，派出上萬名維和人員；中國向索馬里海域派出護航艦隊，與多國艦隊一道打擊海盜，維護國際水域的安全；中國大力倡導朝核問題六方會談，努力維護半島和地區(qū)的和平穩(wěn)定。無論從中國的外交思想，還是外交行動來看，中國都是世界和平的維護者、穩(wěn)定的促進者。

Is China a threat to world peace? China follows an independent foreign policy of peace.We solemnly pledged to the world that hegemony or expansion is never an option for China;China stands for non-interference in others' internal affairs and negotiated solutions to international disputes.China believes that security should be based on mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination.China is the largest contributor of peacekeepers amongst the UN Permanent 5, having sent 10 thousand peacekeepers on 24 UN missions.It has sent escort ships to the waters off the Somali coast and worked with the navies of other countries to combat piracy and improve safety in international waters.It has actively worked to facilitate the Six-Party Talks to uphold peace and the stability of the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia.China is in every way an upholder of peace and a facilitator of stability.二是中國給世界經(jīng)濟帶來威脅了嗎？金融危機以來，中國為全球經(jīng)濟增長提供了重要支撐。2010年發(fā)達國家經(jīng)濟仍步履維艱，在全球有效需求不足的情況下，中國扮演著向全球輸出總需求的重要角色。歐盟去年對華出口增長31.9%，英國則增長42%。去年中國經(jīng)濟繼續(xù)保持兩位數(shù)增長，對世界經(jīng)濟增長貢獻率達到20%。今后10年，中國將繼續(xù)奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，市場對外開放程度將進一步提高，在國際貿(mào)易中的比重會不斷上升，從國際市場的進口仍會迅速增加。這些對世界各國來說，只會是巨大的發(fā)展機遇。

Is China a threat to the world economy? China has been a crucial support for global growth since the start of the financial crisis.It drove global demand at a time when developed countries were in economic difficulties.This was reflected in the 31.9% increase of EU exports and the 42% increase of UK exports to China last year.China maintained a double-digit growth last year, and contributed 20% of global economic growth.China will continue to pursue a strategy of win-win opening-up over the next decade.Its market will open wider, its share in international trade will increase, and its imports will rise.These will no doubt create enormous opportunities for countries around the world.三是中國對現(xiàn)行國際體系構成威脅了嗎？中國作為一個負責任的大國，是國際體系的參與者、建設者和貢獻者。我們與發(fā)達國家和新興經(jīng)濟體就促進世界經(jīng)濟金融治理廣泛開展合作，共同倡導加強G20機制；我們加強與發(fā)展中國家的傳統(tǒng)友誼，幫助經(jīng)濟開發(fā)和實現(xiàn)減貧，過去兩年里中國向其他發(fā)展中國家的貸款已經(jīng)超過了世界銀行；我們支持、倡導并踐行多邊主義，推動國際關系民主化，積極參與區(qū)域合作進程，努力促進國際體系更加有效地應對氣候變化、能源和資源、糧食安全、恐怖主義等全球性挑戰(zhàn)。

Is China a threat to the international system? China has been participating in and contributing to the current international system as a responsible major player.It has entered into extensive cooperation with its partners in developed and emerging economies on the reform of global economic and financial governance, and jointly advocated a greater role of the G20.It has strengthened traditional friendships with other developing countries and helped them develop their economies and reduce poverty.The loans it has provided to other developing countries in the past two years have surpassed those of the World Bank.It supports and practices multilateralism, and stands for greater democracy in international relations.This can be seen by its active participation in regional cooperation, along with the support it gives to tackling global challenges such as climate change, energy, resources, food security and terrorism.總之，中國的發(fā)展對世界是福不是禍，是機遇不是威脅。世界對中國不應感到擔憂，更不應感到恐懼。美國前總統(tǒng)弗蘭克林·羅斯福說的好：“我們唯一恐懼的就是恐懼本身。”

China's development is a blessing, not a catastrophe to the world.It means opportunities, not threats.It is not to be worried about, still less feared.As Franklin Roosevelt put it, “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”.老師們、同學們，F(xiàn)aculty members and students，800多年來，劍橋大學秉承“此地乃啟蒙之所和智慧之源”（拉丁語：Hinc lucem et pocula sacra）的校訓，努力探索世界，不斷追求真理。半個多世紀前，李約瑟博士以其睿智打開了中國古代科技的歷史寶庫，重拾了偉大的中華文明。今天，當你們放眼中國，你們會發(fā)現(xiàn)中國正在走一條前人沒有走過的道路，中國的實踐可能超出了以往人們的知識積累。面對今天的中國這一豐富的寶藏，我衷心地期望劍橋大學的學子們遵循你們的校訓，不斷探索，大力挖掘，成為英國乃至世界范圍內(nèi)研究當代中國的領軍者。

Over the past 8 centuries, the University of Cambridge has stayed true to its motto “From here, light and sacred draughts”(Hinc lucem et pocula sacra)in its tireless pursuit of the world's truth and knowledge.More than half a century ago, Dr Joseph Needham uncovered the treasures of China's ancient science and civilisation.Today when you look at China, you will realise that it is embarking on a journey no country has ever made.This goes beyond the knowledge of human beings and offers enormous opportunities.I therefore encourage you to follow Cambridge's motto to renew your efforts in tapping the rich resources China has to offer and lead the UK and the world in studying and understanding today's China.原文鏈接：http://