第一篇：萬能句式

1)對立法：先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，適用于有爭議性的主題。

[1] When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ?.But I think/view a bit differently.當被問及道......的話題，大多數人認為，但是我卻持有一點反對意見。

[2] When it comes to...., some people believe that?.Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.一提到....一些人相信....然后另一部分人卻不這么認為。這兩種觀點都有相對正確的地方，但我更傾向于前者(后者)

[3] Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that.....They claim/ believe/argue that...But I wonder/doubt whether.....現在，普遍的觀點認為...他們堅信....但我對此卻表示懷疑...2)現象法：引出要剖析的現象或者問題，然后評論。

[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of...has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.近來有個現象(問題)不斷發生...并且已經受到公眾廣泛關注。

[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of...has been brought into focus/into public attention.最近關于....的現象(問題)已經進入了公眾的視線。

[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality...is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.通貨膨脹(****、社會不平等社會問題)已經成為了新的可怕的真相，使我們不得不持續地面對。

3)觀點法：開門見山，直接了當地提出自己對要討論的問題的看法。

[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware)that...現在越來越多的人已經開始意識到...[2] Now there is a(n)growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to....越來越多人已經意識到....的必要性

[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of....現在人們已經不斷地密切關注......的重要性

[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that....是時候應該對用一種新的觀點(態度)來看待...了

4)引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，來引出文章要展開論述的觀點!

[1] “Knowledge is power.” This is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people.“知識就是力量”這是培根的名言，正被越來越多的人分享。

[2] “Education is not complete with graduation.” This is the opinion of a great American philosopher.Now more and more people share his opinion.“教育不應該隨著畢業而結束。”這是一個著名的美國哲學家的觀點，現在越來越多人分享著他的名言。

[3] “....” We often hear statements/words like those/this.我們經常聽到這句名言...[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this “....”.我們經常聽到這句古訓...5)比較法：通過對過去、現在兩種不同的傾向、觀點的比較，引出文章要討論的觀點。

[1] For years,...had been viewed as....But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing..., people....多年來，普遍認為的觀點是...但是現在人們正用一種新的眼光看...隨著...的增長，人們還會...[2] People used to think that...(In the past,....)But people now share this new idea.過去人們認為，但是現在人們有了新的觀點。

6)故事法：先講一個較短的故事來引發讀者的興趣，引出文章的主題。少用!

[1] Once in(a newspaper), I read of/learnt.....The phenomenon of...has aroused public concern.曾經在報紙上我讀到過這么一段事情...這個現象已經引發了強烈的關注。

[2] I have a friend who...Should he....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.我有個朋友他....他應該這樣嗎?此類困難在我們日常生活中一直遇到。

[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who....This story may be(unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.從前有個人...這個故事也許是虛構的，但我認為現在很有現實意義。

英語書信的常見寫作模板

開頭部分:

How nice to hear from you again.Let me tell you something about the activity.I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr.9th.I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit.I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.結尾部分：

With best wishes.I’m looking forward to your reply.I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.口頭通知常見寫作模板

開場白部分：

Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.正文部分：

All the teachers and students are required to attend it.Please take your notebooks and make notes.Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.Please come on time and don’t be late.結束語部分：

Please come and join in it.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hope you’ll have a nice time here.That’s all.Thank you.議論文模板

1.正反觀點式議論文模板：

導入： 第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should...(導入話題)Our opinions are divided on this topic.(觀點有分歧)正文： 第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方觀點)Here are the reasons.First...Second...Finally...(列出2~3個贊成的理由)第3段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方觀點)Their reasons are as follows.In the first place...What’s more...In addition...(列出2~3個反對的理由)結論： 第4段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(個人觀點)

2.“A或者B”類議論文模板：

導入： 第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways.Others, however, argue that B is much better.Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.正文： 第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A.The main reason is that...Another reason is that...(贊同A的原因)第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent...(列出1~2個B的優勢)結論： 第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B.From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...(得出結論)

3.觀點論述類議論文模板：

導入： 第1段：提出一種現象或某個決定作為議論的話題 As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision.(亮明自己的觀點是贊成還是反對)The reasons for this may be listed as follows.(過渡句，承上啟下)正文： 第2段：First of all...Secondly...Besides...(列出2~3個贊成或反對的理由)結論： 第3段：In conclusion, I believe that...(照應第1段，構成“總—分—總”結構)

4.“How to”類議論文模板：

導入： 第1段：提出一種現象或某種困難作為議論的話題 正文： 第2段： Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective.First of all...Another way to solve the problem is...Finally...(列出2~3個解決此類問題的辦法)結論： 第3段：These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take.But it should be noted that we should take action to...(強調解決此類問題的根本方法)

圖表作文寫作模板

The chart gives us an overall picture of the 圖表主題.The first thing we notice is that 圖表最大特點.This means that as 進一步說明.We can see from the statistics given that 圖表細節

圖表細節一.After 動詞-ing ：細節一中的第一個變化，the動詞-ed+幅度+時間(緊跟著的變化).The figures also tell us that圖表細節二.In the column, we can see that accounts for(進一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that(結論).The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that(給出原因).b或是 It is high time that we(發出倡議).圖畫類寫作模板

1.開頭

Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...2.銜接句 As we all know,.../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.3.結尾句 In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated..

第二篇：主要句式

2011年中考英語考點9主要句式

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(一)知識概要

初中所學的句型一般要分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。陳述句中有肯定句與否定句之分。其中可以分為以下五種：

① 主語+不及物動詞。如：I arrived at six last night.② 主語+及物動詞+賓語，如：I bought a good EnglishChinese Dictionary yesterday.③ 主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed.這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.④ 主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語，如：I found it impossible to do it.Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.⑤ 主語+系動詞+表語，如：Tom is an American boy.The grass turned green in spring.在初中常見的句型中有There be…句型，表示存在某種事物，如：There is a map on the wall其be動詞的形式要與其后面相近的那個名詞相一致。要注意的是這種句型加入助動詞后，也要保持be動詞，不要換用have,如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.在句子結構中要注意主謂一致的問題，即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相呼應。

要注意的有如下幾點：

① 用and連接兩個主語時一般應視為復數，但如一人身兼兩職時則要用單數謂語動詞形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party.a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演員。而 a singer and a dancer 則要譯為：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。

②有些以 s 結尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數，如： The news is good(news 為不可數名詞)。③ 有量詞時應按量詞的數量計算；如： This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.④有些形單卻意為復數的名詞，如： People are coming here 這樣的詞還有 Police，如果要講一個警察時，應講 a policeman。兩個警察為 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen

⑤ 所有不定代詞 each，either，neither，one，the other，nobody，nothing，anyone，anything，someone，something … 要作為單數如： Someone is waiting for you在并列句中表示聯合關系的連詞有： and not only … but also，neither … nor，either … or 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示轉折關系的并列連詞有： but 和 yet，如： She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam.又如： I think the news is strange, yet it is true 表示選擇關系的連詞有：or，either … or，如： Hurry up, or you will be late for school 表示因果關系的并列連詞有： for，so 如： They studied very hard，so they all passed the exam

在初中范圍復合句中主要有狀語從句和賓語從句(名詞性從句)兩種，而定語從句(形容詞性從句)要在高中講述，為了使同學閱讀文章方便，我們將在下面另一章予以介紹。我們首先來看賓語從句。

① 在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語，如： I knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語，如： I knew that he was a good man 這時賓語從句的連接詞有 that,(that 只在從句中起聯接作用，不在句中充當語法成分，既不是主語也不是賓語，所以在口語中常常被省略。如： I am sure(that)she has passed the exam

②if, whether 它們在賓語從句中只起連接作用，不起語法作用，當作是否講。從句中有 or not 結構時，要用 whether, 如： I ask him if(whether)he has had his lunch I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not

③ what 它在賓語從句中除了作連接詞外，還要作主語或賓語成份，如： I don't understand what you said(what 作 said 的賓語)。又如： I asked him what made him sick(what 在賓語從句中作主語)。

④ who，它也和what一樣，在句中除作連接詞外，可以充當句中的成份，如：I know who she is looking for?

⑤ whose 如： I want to know whose book this is? ⑥ which 如： Do you know which book is mine? 在連接詞中還有4個常用的連接副詞，① how 它的應用最廣，如： how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如： How much does it cost?

② when 它只是連接時間狀語，如： Please tell me when the meeting will begin? ③ where 它連接地點狀語，如： Where are you from?

④ why 它要連接的是原因狀語從句，如： The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.在考試中常見到的考點是：賓語從句的時態與主句時態的呼應問題。

① 主句謂語動詞如果是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的時態可以是任何所需要的時態，如： I know he didn't come.我知道他沒來。I know he will come tomorrow 我知道他明天來。I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去倫敦了。

② 主句中的謂語動詞若是過去時，賓語從句也要用過去時態中的某一種。比如： 一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時。除了在表達宇宙中的客觀真理時，不能用現在時態。如： I wanted to know when he would come The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun狀語從句主要有時間 狀語從句，其連接詞有：after，before，when，as，as soon as，until(till)，while，since，by

其中較難掌握的有以下幾點：

① until(till)直到，在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中，主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續性動詞，它要用肯定句，如： I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night.如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞，則要用否定句，如： He didn't go to bed until his mother came back 

② 由since，for，by，before 來引導的時間狀語從句。since 引導的時間狀語是動作的開始時間，如： I have studied English since １９９０ 而由 by 引導的時間狀語通常是動作的結束時間，如： I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term 而before 則多用于完成時，ago 則多用于一般過去時，如： He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago

③ 在狀語從句中用一般現在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday 也可以主句是一般過去時，從句用一般過去進行時，如： He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park 考試中常見的考點有：要學生區別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句，因在賓語從句中該用什么時態用什么時態，如： I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關系，如： I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow

在原因狀語從句中主要是

① because，應譯為“因為”。它表達的因果關系最強，如： He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard

② since 應譯為“既然”，如： Since you were ill yesterday I left some notes on your desk

③ as 應譯為“由于”，如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming since 與 as 所表達的因果關系遠比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達的因果關系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college在比較狀語從句中有同級比較 as … as，如： This book is as good as that one

要注意的有兩點：

① as … as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。

② 用形容詞還是副詞，如： Mary writes as carefully as Tom 而其否定句為 not as(so)… as，如： They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同級比較用比較級加 than, 如： He is younger than I am

要注意的是表示“越來越”這一概念時有兩個句型：

① 比較級＋and＋比較級，如： The days are getting longer and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful

② 定冠詞 the ＋ 比較級＋ the ＋ 比較級，如： The harder you study, the more you can learn方 式狀語中要注意的是as(連詞)與 like(介詞)的區別。as 作為連詞其后接從句，如： Please do it as I did it 但后面的句子常作省略，如： Please do it as I 而 like 是介詞，其后要接的是賓語，如： Please do it like me

結果和目的狀語從句主要有 so … that，so that，in order that等幾種用法。

① so … that用在單數可數名詞前，so ＋ 形容詞 ＋ a ＋ 名詞 ＋ that，如： She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her 或用 such ＋ a ＋ 形容詞 ＋ 名詞 ＋ that, 如： She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her

② 在不可數名詞或可數名詞復數前只能用 such，如： It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic 又如： They are such good players that they should win the game.③ 在much，many，few，little 之前只能用so，如： I have so little money that I can't buy it

④ so … that 之間只有形容詞時，則不能用 such，如： It is so good that I want to buy ⑤ so that 其后接從句，如： I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus

（二）正誤辨析 

［誤］ The stories in that book was written many years ago  ［正］ The stories in that book were written many years ago.

［析］ 作主語的名詞、代詞或不定式、動名詞，它們往往要帶有修飾詞，這些詞可能是形容詞，也可能是短語，但謂語動詞還是要取決于這個主語的數，要記住的是一個名詞不可能在同一句中作兩個不同的語法成份，如： book 作了 of 的介詞賓語則不可能再作主語了。 ［誤］ To read many books are good for you  ［正］ To read many books is good for you  ［析］ 不定式作主語應該看作單數主語。 ［誤］ What he said are right  ［正］ What he said is right 

［析］ 從句作主語一定要按單數主語看待。 ［正］ The rich is not always happy  ［誤］ The rich are not always happy 

［析］ 形容詞＋定冠詞表示一類人，謂語動詞應用復數，如： The young are very interested in study and sports ［誤］ The school master and writer are coming  ［正］ The school master and writer is coming 

［析］ 本句應譯為：校長兼作家就要來了。而 The school master and the writer are coming 則要譯為：校長和一個作家要來了。在英語表達法中確實有 The girl and boy are playing on the grass 這應譯為：一個女孩，一個男孩在操場上玩。因為不可能這樣兩個概念作用在一個人身上。又如： the husband and wife 夫妻二人。

［誤］ You or she go to get some water for us  ［正］ You or she goes to get some water for us 

［析］ 由 or 連接的兩個主語應以離謂語動詞近的那一個計算其數。這樣的用法還有 either … or，neither … nor，not only … but also 也有人稱作“就近原則”。 ［誤］ The teacher with a lot of students come into the classroom  ［正］ The teacher with a lot of students comes into the classroom 

［析］ 真正的主語是 the teacher，而 with 短語是伴隨狀態，不影響主語的數。 ［誤］ My glasses is broken  ［正］ My glasses are broken  ［誤］ This pair of glasses are good  ［正］ This pair of glasses is good  ［誤］ These kinds of butter is good. ［正］ These kinds of butter are good

［析］ 英語中有些名詞只有復數形式，如： glasses 眼鏡，shorts 短褲等。如沒有量詞在前時，要用復數謂語動詞，但有了量詞之后則要按量詞的單復數計算。 ［誤］ One of the boys are going to take part in the match  ［正］ One of the boys is going to take part in the match  ［析］ One of 結構應以 one 來計算主語的數。 ［誤］ Half of the work are done  ［正］ Half of the work is done  ［誤］ Half of the books is read  ［正］ Half of the books are read 

［析］ 在小于1的數量詞作主語時，如： ２ ３，８０％，０．３５… ＋ of ＋名詞，這時主語的數應按 of 后面的名詞計算。如果名詞是不可數名詞或可數名詞單數，則謂語動詞要用單數，如名詞是復數則要用復數謂語動詞。

［誤］ Each sides are full of trees  ［正］ Each side is full of trees  ［誤］ Both side is full of trees  ［正］ Both sides are full of trees 

［析］ each，either 其后都要加單數名詞，而 both 后要加復數名詞。如： each，either，another，little，a little，much等作主語時，謂語動詞全部要用單數形式。 ［誤］ The boys each has an apple  ［正］ The boys each have an apple 

［析］ each 作同位語時，不影響句子的主語。 ［誤］ Everyone of us has a ticket for the concert  ［正］ Every one of us has a ticket for the concert 

［析］ everyone，someone，everybody … 在作主語時都不能加 of 結構。［誤］ Girls like dancing very much，but few likes playing football  ［正］ Girls like dancing very much，but few like playing football  ［析］ few 雖然含意上是“幾乎沒有”，但作主語時仍要當作復數。 ［誤］ The number of the workers in that factory are two hundred  ［正］ The number of the workers in that factory is two hundred 

［析］ the number of 意為：某某的數字是…… 如： the number of students 學生人數，the number of players 運動員人數。不論數字如何都應看作單數。而 a number of 與 many 意思相同，其后加可數名詞復數，謂語動詞用復數形式。如： A number of students are playing on the grass ［誤］ The rest of the students is here  ［正］ The rest of the students are here  ［誤］ The rest of the work are done  ［正］ The rest of the work is done 

［析］ the rest of 的用法與２／３，一半，８０％＋ of 的結構一致，of 后面為可數名詞復數時用復數謂語動詞，為不可數名詞或可數名詞單數時用單數謂語動詞。這樣用法還有 lots of，a lot of，plenty of。

［誤］ The news in today's newspaper are not bad  ［正］ The news in today's newspaper is not bad 

［析］ 有些以 s 結尾的名詞要用作不可數名詞，它們是：news，physics，mathematics，thanks，…

［誤］ The Chinese is kind and friendly  ［正］ The Chinese are kind and friendly 

［析］ Chinese 作為中文來講是單數名詞，但作為中國人講是單復同形的名詞。如： one Chinese，two Chinese … 而 The Chinese ＝ The people of China 要用復數謂語動詞。［誤］ This dictionary is too expensive for me Ten dollars are a big sum for me ［正］ This dictionary is too expensive for me Ten dollars is a big sum for me ［析］ 表示一段時間，一筆金錢，一段距離，都應看作單數名詞。 ［誤］ Who are going to take part in our football match?  ［正］ Who is going to take part in our football match? 

［析］ 用 who 提問時，習慣上用單數謂語動詞，但 which 則要視其情況而定，如： which are better these shoeses or those shoes? 又如： which is better this one or that one? ［誤］ What a hot weather it is! ［誤］ How hot the weather it is! ［正］ What hot weather it is! ［正］ How hot the weather is!

［析］ 感嘆句是用來表達說話人的喜怒哀樂的感情。它由 what 與 how 作句子的開始，判定是用 what 還是用 how 的最好辦法是將它們換為陳述句，比如： What the hot weather it is!應轉換為： It is the hot weather 那么句子的起點是單詞 it。再來看感嘆句中 it 前有不可數名詞 weather，則只能用 what。再看第二句 How hot the weather is!轉為陳述句時為： The weather is hot這時句子的開始單詞為 the weather，再來看感嘆句在 the weather 前只有形容詞，所以應用 how。至于是用 what a 還是 what 要看名詞的具體情況而定，單數可數名詞加 what a 其余的加用 what。 ［誤］ We have to sing this，have we?  ［誤］ We have to sing this，haven't we?  ［正］ We have to sing this, don't we?

［析］ 在反意疑問句中除了標準的一些常規外，有一些例外： Let's go home，shall we? Let us go home，will you? She had to leave，didn't she? Do your homework at once，will you?

There is not much good news in today's newspaper，is there? Neither of them are right，are they? I think he will come to the party won't he?

think 后的賓語從句，與其他賓語從句不一樣，在初中只有這樣一個較特殊的詞。這樣的句子的反意疑問句的主語要用賓語從句中的主語，其助動詞要用賓語從句的助動詞，而肯定還是否定要看主句謂語動詞而定，如： I don't think he is coming to our party，is he? ［誤］ I want to know where does he live  ［正］ I want to know where he lives 

［析］ 賓語從句中一律要用陳述語序，而不用疑問語序。 ［誤］Nor I have 

［正］Nor(Neither)have I 

［析］ nor，neither 用在簡答否定句中時要采用倒裝語序。在肯定句的簡答句中則要用so，如： I do my homework very quickly，So does Mary ［誤］ Look!Here the bus comes! ［正］ Look!Here comes the bus! ［誤］ Look!Here comes he! ［正］ Look!Here he comes  ［析］ 在 there，here 打頭的句子中，如果主語是名詞，則要采用倒裝語序；如果是人稱代詞則用一般語序。

［誤］ Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us? No，I don't hope so 

［正］ Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us? No，I hope not 

［析］ 我不這樣想，可用 I don't think so 但 hope 的否定簡答句只能用 I hope not 這是習慣用法。但這兩個詞的肯定簡答句形是一樣的，如： I think so.I hope so ［誤］ That is difficult for us to learn English well  ［正］ It is difficult for us to learn English well 

［析］ It 這里的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的不定式。形式主語和形式賓語都要用 it 而不能用 that，如： I think it difficult to learn English well it 在這句中是 think 的形式賓語。

（三）例題解析 

1

There ＿＿＿ a pencilbox on the desk．

A.is B.are

C.has

D.have ［答案］ A.

［析］ There be 句形中的 be 動詞要看其后面離它最近的名詞而定，如： There are two books and a pencil on the desk 但卻可以講 There is a pencil and two books on the desk 2

Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

A Mrs King where lives B where does Mrs King live  C where Mrs King lives D Mrs King lives where ［答案］ C.

［析］ 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。 3

Your brother came to see you，＿＿＿ ?

A does he B doesn't he C did he D didn't he  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 前句是肯定句，后面反意疑問句要用否定句，同時 came 為過去時態，所以應用 didn't he 4

It's getting cloudy，＿＿＿ ?

A does' it B doesn't it C is it D isn't it ［答案］ D.

［析］ 要區分's 是 has 還是 is，這里由 getting 得出's 是is。 5

＿＿＿ keep me waiting so long． A Not B Won't C Don't D Not to ［答案］ C.

［析］ Don't ＋ 動詞原形為祈始句的否定句。 6

Mr Green hasn't been to Beijing, ＿＿＿ ?

A has he B hasn't he C did he D didn't he ［答案］ A.

［析］ 此句 has 是助動詞與過去分詞構成現在完成時態。 7

You have your lunch at school, ＿＿＿ ?

A have you B haven't you C do you D don't you  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 這里的 have 是實意動詞“吃”，而不是助動詞。 8

＿＿＿ sunny day!Let's go out for a walk． A How a B How C What a D What ［答案］ C.

［析］ 這個感嘆句是個省略句，其真實的句子應為 What a sunny day it is!9

-Can you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

-Sure She's a nurse A where is your sister B where your sister is  C what is your sister D what your sister is ［答案］ D.

［析］ who 問的是姓名，如： Who is he? He is Smith 或 He is my fatheris he? He is a teacher

What 問的是職業，如： What 10

 10

John likes listening to the radio，＿＿＿ ?

A does he B doesn't he C doesn't John D does Johe ［答案］ B.

［析］ 當名詞作主語時，反意疑問句應用代詞。 11

Neither you nor I ＿＿＿ on the team． A are B were C am D is ［答案］ C.

［析］ 由 neither … nor … 作連接詞作主語時，其謂語動詞要與相臨近的那個主語相呼應。 12

＿＿＿ delicious food!I'd like some more． A what a B How a C What D How ［答案］ C.

［析］ 因 food 為不可數名詞。 13

＿＿＿ there a cat under the chair? A Are B Is C Has D Have ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是 there be 句型的疑問句。 14

Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

A when the train will arrive B when the train arrived  C when did the train arrive D when does the train arrives ［答案］ A.

［析］ could 用于現在時疑問句表達了口氣的委婉，并不是過去時態。且賓語從句要用陳述語句。15

-＿＿＿ bad weather!

-Yes，But it's going to be fine soon，I think A How B What a C What an D What ［答案］ D.

［析］ weather 為不可數名詞。

16

-Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?-Yes，They ＿＿＿ to the library A where are the twins，have been B where were the twins，have been  C where the twins are，have gone D where the twins were，have gone ［答案］ C.

［析］ have been to 是去過什么地方，而現在回來了。have gone to 是到某地去了，人現在不在這里。 17

Go and ＿＿＿ the TV quickly The volleyball match will begin right away． A turn off B turn down C turn up D turn on  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 這是個祈使句，它由 and 連接兩個動詞。注意詞組搭配的不同含義。18

Let's go for some tea，＿＿＿ ?

A shall we B will we C do we D don't we ［答案］ A.

［析］ Let's go …，shall we? Let us go …，will you?這是兩個特殊的反意疑問句。

19

Joan's short，＿＿＿ ?

A wasn't she B hasn't she C isn't she D doesn't she ［答案］ C.

［析］ 在此句中應視's為is，而不是 has 或 was。 20

I don't know ＿＿＿ to read the word． A which B what C whose D how ［答案］ D.

［析］ 因不定式 to read 中的 read 是及物動詞，已有自己的賓語 the word，所以應用疑問副詞 how。

21

He didn't go to school，＿＿＿ he was ill． A for B but C and D so ［答案］ A.

［析］ 這里是表示因果的關系，從句表示原因，所以用 for，放于句尾，且常常前面有一個逗號。so 引起的是結果狀語從句，如： He was only twelve，so he couldn't join the army 22

The young woman can hardly ride a bike，＿＿＿ she? A doesn't B does C can't D can ［答案］ D.

［析］ hardly 為否定詞，所以應視此句為否定句。其后的反意疑問句應用肯定句。 23

Tom never goes to the cinema on Sundays，＿＿＿ ? A does he B doesn't he C isn't he D is he ［答案］ A.

［析］ never 也是否定詞，所以應將句子看作否定句。 24

Mother said to him，“Don't ＿＿＿ on football．” A spend too much time B to spend too much time  C spend too many time D to spend too many time ［答案］ A.

［析］ time 作為“時間”講為不可數名詞，應用 much 來修飾。當作“次數”講是可數名詞，如 three times 三次，而 Don't … 這一句是祈使句的否定句。

25

Mr White，together with some Japanese friends，＿＿＿ visit our school this afternoon． A are going to B is going to C have D has ［答案］ B.

［析］ 句子的主語是Mr White，而together with … 是伴隨狀況，不影響句子的主語。 26

There is little water in the glass，＿＿＿ ? A is it B is there C isn't it D isn't there ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是 there be 句型的反意疑問句。

27

Ampere was thinking about a maths problem，＿＿＿ ? A didn't he B wasn't he C did he D is he ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是進行時態的反意疑問句。

28

She had a good time yesterday，＿＿＿ she ? A wasn't B didn't C hasn't D isn't ［答案］ B.

［析］ had 這里是實意動詞而不是助動詞。

29

We'll make ＿＿＿ for you in the front of the car． A a room B room C rooms D some rooms ［答案］ B.

［析］ room 此處為不可數名詞，意為“地方，空間”。 30

Neither she nor I ＿＿＿ to the Great wall before． A has gone B have gone C have been D has been ［答案］ C.

［析］ 由neither … nor 連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞應與相臨近的那個主語相呼應。 31

Help me collect these books，＿＿＿ ? A are you B will you C do you D shall you ［答案］ B.

［析］ 祈使句的反意疑問句應用 will you，而Let's go 例外，其反意疑問句為 shall we? 32

The number of deer，mountain lions and wild roses ＿＿＿ change much if people leave things as they are． A don't B doesn't C isn't D didn't ［答案］ B.

［析］ the number of 為“……的數量、數目”，所以謂語動詞用單數形式。而 a number of 要加復數名詞，其謂語動詞也用復數。 33

She's had breakfast，＿＿＿ ?

A is she B isn't she C hasn't she D has she  ［答案］ C.

［析］ 這里的's應視為 has 34

I wonder ＿＿＿ ．

A whose bicycle is it B it is whose bicycle C is it whose bicycle D whose bicycle it is ［答案］ D.

［析］ wonder 后的賓語從句應用陳述語序。 35

It is good for us ＿＿＿ morning exercises． A do B to do C did D done ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這里的 it 是形式主語，而真正的主語是不定式 to do … 36

Peter has sports very often，＿＿＿ ?

A does，Peter B doesn't he C doesn't Peter D does he  ［答案］ B.

［析］ has 這里是實意動詞，而主語為名詞時其反意疑問句中的主語要用代詞。37

Mr Black said，“Jenny，don't be late tomorrow” Mr Black told Jenny ＿＿＿ ．

A don't be late tomorrow

B didn't be late tomorrow  C not be late next morning

D not to be late the next day ［答案］ D.

［析］ tell 一般要加雙賓語，其間接賓語是 Jenny，直接賓語是不定式。而這里用的是不定式的否定形式。

38

Li Mei read the newspaper to the granny，＿＿＿ ? A does she B didn't she C did she D wasn't she ［答案］ B.

［析］ read這里是過去時態，因其主語是第三人稱單數，而 read 并未加 s 所以是過去時態。(read 的過去時與過去分詞都是 read，只不過讀音不同)

第三篇：英語句式

考研英語作文沖刺：十大經典實用句型

1.It---

(1)It is obvious to most of us, in particular the younger ones, that SVO。

(2)It goes without any slightest question(doubt)that SVO。

(3)It can be said with much certainty and confidence that SVO。

(4)It has been repeatedly pointed out by some authoritative sources that SVO。

2.To---To tell the truth / To be honest / To be more exact / To put it in a more accurate way

3.As---

(1)As far as I am aware, SVO。

(2)As is well-known to the general public, SVO。

(3)As is often the case, SVO。

(4)As often mentioned by some experts, SVO。

4.There be---

(1)There is no denying an obvious fact that, SVO。

(2)There is certain element of truth in saying that SVO。

5.What---

(1)What matters is that SVO。

(2)What needs to be emphasized rahter than overlooked here is that SVO。

(3)What must be rememberd about the situation is that SVO。

(4)What I have to pointed out here is that SVO。

6.which---

SVO, which SVO fact+comment

He jumped out and killed himself, which is baffling many people。

(1), which is of great importance(benefit)to our life(society)。

(2), which is damaging both physically and spiritully。

7.It is ? that ?

I bought a book yesterday。

It is yesterday that I bought the book。

I love you because you love me。

It is because you love me that I love you。

8.Only + adv。

If we have fund, we can protect cultural heritage。

Only if we have fund, can we protect cultural heritage。

We can solve the problem in this way as soon as possible。

Only in this way can we solve the problem。

Only in this way, to tell the truth, can we ?

It ? only ?

9.? as ? as ?

It is important to protect cultural heritage。

Nothing in this world is as important as to protect cultural heritage。

The biz shoule be responsible for society。

Nothing is as important as the biz’s responsibility for society。

Nobody should be as responsibility for society as the biz。

10.not ? but ? not because ? but because ?

We should protect heritate because the heritage is a part of our history。

We should protect heritage not because we can make money out of it but because the heritage is a part of our history。

萬能句型：

I am writing to apply for the position of...you advertised in yesterday's.。.To briefly introduce myself, I am a gradute student of...University majoring in...and expect graduation this June。Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also possess the rich experience of.。.My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post。

I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience。

議論文十四大功能語匯 表示“觀點”

造句：大部分成年人認為，健康對于幸福生活而言是必不可少的。

面對這種問題，我認為，我們需要考慮亮點。

我認為，在生活中，健康像空氣和水一樣重要。

as短語總結：

as busy as a bee as blue as sky as black as coffee

as evil as a devil as pure as an angel as deep as ocean

as strong as a horse 表示“重視” give weight to/give stress to/attach importance to

造句：地方政府要重視特殊兒童教育的問題。

表示“強調” place weight on/ put emphasis on

造句：政府應該強調“希望工程”的重要性。

表示“贊同” approve of /vote for /stand by

造句：有些人認為真正的友誼基于相似的愛好。我支持這種觀點。

表示“反對” disapprove of /object to /be opposed to

造句：有人認為，在當今社會，金錢就是一切。我強烈反對這種觀點。

表示“努力”

make every effort to many efforts should be made to spare no effort to

造句：我們應該結束任何虛假承諾的行為。表示“建議”

suggest/ advance/ put forward/

造句：我建議每個人都可以保護民族文化的獨特性。

表示“原因” due to/ owing to/ 表示“決心”

be determined to make up one’s mind to be convinced to

造句：各行各業的人們決定資助那些上不起學的年輕人。

表示“結論”

sb.may come to a conclusion that?

sb.may arrive at a conclusion that ?

sb.may reach a conclusion that ?

造句：因此，我們可以得出結論：自信在工作面試中很必要。

因此，我們得出結論：中國文化既是國家的又是世界的。

表示“堅持” adhere to / insist on 堅持主張persist in

造句：如果我們相信某件事情是值得做的，就應該堅持去做。worthwhile 表示“打算”mean to do / intend to do / attempt to do 表示“認識到”be aware of / be conscious of / realize 表示“不同”

differ from ?in? be different from? vary ?in?

UNIT Ⅳ 造句練習

復合句 賓語從句---寫作中，賓語從句可用來表達觀點。

I think that I love you。

主謂賓

賓語從句造句：

1)很多人認為，那些著名運動員不應該得到那么高的工資。deserve 2)經濟學家認為，世界經濟與原油價格密切相關。Economist economy

3)大學生們認為，應該在四級考試中舉行口試。

4)HR專家認為，自信在面試中至關重要。

5)年輕人們覺得跳槽是一件司空見慣的事情。Job-hunting, job-waiting, job-hopping It 從句：

思考：it從句是什么從句？

It + be + a/an + 名詞+ that?

It + be + 形容詞+ that?

It + be + 過去分詞 + that? It + be + a/an + 名詞+ that?

It is good news that?

It is a good thing that ?

It is no wonder that ?

It is common knowledge that ?

It is a miracle that ?

It is a pity that ?

It is a shame that ? It is a fact that?

It is an honor that ?

It is my belief that ?

造句：

1)有些年輕人不愿意贍養年邁的父母，這是一件令人遺憾的事情。

2)我相信這些孩子在災難之后會回到校園。

3)他居然可以從這次地震當中死里逃生，真是奇跡。

4)一個國家會從大災難中變得日益強大，這是常識。

It + be + 形容詞+ that? It is clear that ?

It is possible that? It is certain that ?

It is necessary that ? It is likely that?

It is obvious that? It is strange that?

It is fortunate that? It is natural that?

造句：

1)每個人都要愛別人和被別人愛，這是很自然的。

2)幸運的是，這個國家的每一位成員都愿意幫助深陷困境的人。

3)顯然，強烈的愿望會使得我們成功。

4)大部分年輕人都有必要選擇一位合適的偶像去崇拜。

It + be + 過去分詞 + that?

It is reported that? It is said that?

It is believed that? It is generally thought that?

It should be noted that ? It has been found that ?

It must be pointed out that?

模版Cooperation Drawing can be useful tools;a simple picture may reveal a profound truth.The illustration above, for example, is far from complicated, and yet carries deep implication: “where there is cooperation, there is a way”.As is conspicuously and vividly depicted in this painting, cooperation empowers two disable people to run fast and smoothly(本句取自經典25詞:enable sb to do sth=empower sb to do sth).As society becomes more and more advanced and complicated, we can anticipate that cooperation plays a more and more momentous and fundamental role in the life of individual members of society and in the development of society itself.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example to be mentioned below.A chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and the durability of a product depends on the part that fails first(本句來自自己為考研各大主題準備的排比素材).However, at present, a major common shortcoming among many Chinese people,to a considerable extent, is that they pay too much attention to individual abilities while ignoring cooperation which makes our work effective and efficient(源自新東方的并列用法).(本句來自“at present, a major common shortcoming among many students is that they pay too much attention to book learning while ignoring practical activities”的仿照)

The problem mentioned above can be solved in several ways.First of all, we should make people aware of this issue.Besides, the changes must begin with ourselves, as it is momentous and fundamental that we address the problem within ourselves before looking others to change.In changing ourselves we change the world.Finally, whether we will maintain a happy, healthy, and harmonious society as we all wish when each and every citizen realize the seriousness of the problem mentioned above, as well as try our best to solve it or at least reduced the possibility of occurrence of those undesirable cases.[/size]

第四篇：申論句式

點對點申論寫作常用經典詞語和句式 點對點申論寫作常用經典詞語和句式

語言最直接給閱卷者留下印象；不要用過于文學化、情緒化的語言，要用正規化、規范化的語言；用語要規范 多用一些官方語言點綴；格式要規范

1.多用幾個詞轉變你的語言風格

?時間：近幾年來，這些年來，改革開放以來

? 稱呼百姓：公眾、百姓、人民群眾、群眾、進城務工人員?稱呼政府：國務院和地方各級政府、各級政府和有關部門、相關地區和部門

?申論副詞：大力，逐步，堅決，嚴厲，高度，切實，扎實，著力，強化，突出抓好，加快，著重，嚴格，繼續，積極，要進一步，深入

?申論動詞：確保，提高，推進，增強，加大，制止，堅持，杜絕，提倡，加快推進，大力開展，夯實（接基礎），嚴格執行，著力推進，重點突破，推動，建設，完善，促進，建立，著力加強，強化，健全，落實，高度重視，建立機制，抓好

?意義和必要性：重要舉措，必然要求，對于??有重要意義，重要內容，事關??大局，關系??，基本要求，強大動力（一般指改革），有效途徑，有效舉措，有力舉措，重大任務，迫切需要?成就：重大突破，不斷得到加強，重大進展，取得卓有成效的進展，初步建立（體制），顯著改善，顯著成就，成效顯著，積極進展，取得突破性進展

?壞的動詞：危害，損害，破壞，形勢嚴峻 2.句式

?把??放在重要的位置，常抓不懈

?加強國家對企業??的調控和指導，（當要企業做主語時用）?（根本性解決）只有搞好??，才能對??問題起到釜底抽薪的作用。

???建設取得重大進展，??建設不斷得到加強，不斷推進?我們必須進一步增強??的責任感和緊迫感，把節能降耗和污染減排放在更加突出的地位，盡快形成以政府為主導、企業為主體、全社會共同推進的工作格局。

?各地政府和有關部門要把思想和行動統一到中央的決策和部署上來

?實現好、維護好、發展好廣大人民??的權利。

?我國有13億人口，??問題比任何一個國家都繁重，都復雜，都緊迫

?各地及各有關部門要以人民利益為重，不能推卸責任，執行政策不能打折扣，更不能只顧部門地方的利益、只打自己的小算盤。?切實把??的各項任務落到實處。

?各級政府要堅持以人為本，切實解決人民群眾最關心、最直接、最現實的利益問題。???工作任重而道遠。

?隨著改革開放和經濟建設的不斷深入?以科學發展觀為指導，確立正確的政績觀

?誠信是市場經濟的基石，是現代社會經濟契約關系的基礎?把資源優勢轉化為資本優勢，轉化為發展和競爭優勢?將龐大的人力資源優勢轉化為人力資本優勢?促成科技優勢向經濟優勢的轉化

?以市場配置資源取代權力配置資源

?努力把領導班子配備改革后形成的體制優勢轉化為工作優勢?努力形成齊心協力謀發展、群策群力促和諧、團結一心干事業的生動局面

?把思想建設、組織建設和作風建設有機結合起來，用制度建設貫穿其中，既立足經常性工作，又抓緊解決存在的突出問題。?對出現的問題冷靜對待，正確認識，全面安排，妥善處理。?大力發展??產業，努力催生新的經濟形態，形成??型的產業格局。

?要把教育引導、利益調節和制度約束有機結合起來?形成以政府為主導、企業為主體、全社會共同推進的??產業格局。

?制定專項規劃，明確目標，分解任務，落實責任，堅持不懈地抓緊抓好。

?強化試點的示范作用，強化規劃的指導作用，強化政策的支撐作用。

?形成??的整體合力（或制度合力）

?主動承接產業梯度轉移，打造產業延伸鏈，加快配套產業發展，形成“資源共享、優勢互補、聯動發展”的良好格局。當前很多問題的原因都可歸結為“道德失范，監督乏力，制度缺位”

3.申論寫作中的排比 層面一 ：句子中用排比句式 第一，同詞排比加強

把完善懲治和預防腐敗體系為重點的反腐倡廉建設放在更加突出的位置，就是要按照黨的十七大報告的要求，在堅決懲治腐敗的同時，更加注重治本，更加注重預防，更加注重制度建設。第二，不同動詞排比加強

要堅持標本兼治、綜合治理、懲防并舉、注重預防的方針，扎實推進懲治和預防腐敗體系建設，拓展從源頭上防治腐敗工作領域，努力形成拒腐防變教育長效機制、反腐倡廉制度體系、權力運行監控機制，努力把腐敗現象遏制在最低程度。第三，同詞+不同動詞 排比加強

今后將更多地用現代物質條件裝備農業，用現代科學技術改造農業，用現代產業體系提升農業，用現代經營形式推進農業，用現代發展理念引領農業，用培養新型農民發展農業，提高農業水利化、機械化和信息化水平，提高土地產出率和農業勞動生產率。層面二：排比句式統領全文，一個句子引領一段內容

例1：??是??的根本/關鍵/前提/動力/保障/重點/核心/基礎

一、結構調整是建設節約型社會的根本。

二、科技創新是建設節約型社會的關鍵。

三、保護環境是建設節約型社會的前提。

四、深化改革是建設節約型社會的動力。

五、加強監管是建設節約型社會的保障。

六、政府表率是建設節約型社會的重點。例2：

要加強反腐倡廉教育，著力構建“不愿為”的自律機制。

要加強制度建設和監督制約，努力構建“不能為”的防范機制。要加大懲治腐敗的力度，進一步強化“不敢為”的懲治機制。要切實保障公務員的工作待遇，積極探索“不必為”的保障機制。

第五篇：文言文 句式

初中文言文特殊句式復習

一、判斷句主要形式：

（一）用“者”“也”表判斷，形式有四種：（1）“??者，??也”

例：陳勝者，陽城人也。（2）“??者，??”

例：天下者，高祖天下。

中峨冠而多髯者為東坡。（3）“??者也” 例：蓮，花之君子者也。（4）“? ?，? ?也”

例：夫戰，勇氣也。

（二）用“為”“乃”“則”“皆”等表判斷

例：中軒敞者為艙。例：當立者乃公子扶蘇。例：此則岳陽樓之大觀也。例：環滁皆山也。

（三）用“是”表判斷。例：不知木蘭是女郎。

問今是何世，乃不知有漢。

注意：古漢語中出現的“是”，絕大多數情況下，是指示代詞或形容詞，應譯為“這”或“正確”，不能看作判斷詞。

（四）沒有標志的判斷句。文言文中有的判斷句有的沒有任何標志，直接作出判斷。

例：劉備，天下梟雄?！冻啾谥畱稹?/p>

（五）否定的判斷

例：城非不高也，池非不深也，兵戈非不堅利也。例：子非我，安知我不知魚之樂。

判斷句應滿足以下三個條件: 1.點明事物的性質、情況或事物之間關系。2.要作出明確的判斷。（表肯定或否定）3.形式上是個完整的句子。

1、此則岳陽樓之大觀也。

2、當立者乃公子扶蘇。

3、中軒敞者為艙。

4、中峨冠而多髯者為東坡。

5、城北徐公，齊國之美麗者也、6、城非不高也，池非不深也，兵革非不堅利也。

7、即公大兄無奕女，左將軍王凝之妻也。

8、“陳涉者，陽城人也?！保ā妒酚洠惿媸兰摇?，9、“夫戰，勇氣也”。(《左傳·曹判論戰》)

10、“蓮，花之君子者也。”(周敦頤《愛蓮說》)

11、南陽劉子驥，高尚士也”。

12、“太丘舍去，去后乃至”《世說新語》

13、“日初出大如車蓋，及日中則如盤盂”《兩小兒辯日》

14、“不可久居，乃記之而去”《小石潭記》

15、“狼亦黠矣，而頃刻兩畢，只增笑耳！”（《狼》）

16、臣以王之攻宋也，為與此同類。

17、“非人哉！與人期行，相委而去?！?/p>

二、倒轉句主要形式：

1、賓語前置

例子：每自比于管仲、樂毅，時人莫之許也。（他身高八尺,常常把自己比作管仲、樂毅,當時的人都不承認這件事。）《隆中對》（時人莫許之）

忌不自信,而復問其妾曰??（忌不信自）

全石以為底。（以全石為底）

白雪紛紛何所似？（白雪紛紛所似何）

微斯人，吾誰與歸。

何陋之有？

2、狀語后置（將介賓短語放在動詞后面，常用介詞“于”“以”）例子：此所謂戰勝于朝廷。

茍全性命于亂世，不求聞達于諸侯。

受任于敗軍之際，奉命于危難之間。起于魯。

欲信大義于天下《隆中對》想要在天下伸張大義 戰于長勺。

故臨崩寄臣以大事。蒙辭以軍中事務多。躬耕于南陽

屠懼，投以骨。全句為“以骨投之”的倒裝 祭以尉首

醒能述以文者：“述以文”是“以文述“的倒裝

“托臣以討賊興復之效”是“以討賊興復之效托臣”的倒裝

3、定語后置（1）用 “者”表示

例子：蓋簡桃核修狹者為之，原句應為：蓋簡修狹桃核為之。

其兩膝相比者??“相比”是中心詞“兩膝”的定語.予謂菊，花之隱逸者也。“花之隱逸者”是“隱逸之花”的倒裝（２）數量詞作定語常后置

例子：嘗貽余核舟一，原句應為：嘗貽余一核舟。

又用篆章一，原句應為：又用一篆章。遂率子孫荷擔者三夫。

為人五，為窗八。

（3）中心詞+之+定語式結構 例子：馬之千里者，一食或盡粟一石

居廟堂之高則憂其民，處江湖之遠則憂其君

群臣吏民能面刺寡人之過者，受上賞。（能面刺寡人之過之群臣吏民，受上賞）

4、主謂倒裝

例子：甚矣，汝之不惠（你的不聰明太過分了）《愚公移山》！正常語序為：汝之不惠，甚矣！

三、被動句主要形式

一是用“于”“為”“為??所”“見”字表被動句。例子：舌一吐而二蟲盡為所吞“為所吞”即“被??吞掉”

管夷吾舉于士“舉于??”即“在??被舉薦”

茅屋為秋風所破歌

山巒為晴學所洗

吳廣素愛人，士卒多為用者

國險而民附，賢能為之用。（國家危險時人民卻依附,有才華的人就可以被這個國家使用了）

二是沒有被動詞，意思上隱含被動，要根據上下文語意去推斷。

1、帝感其誠，命夸娥氏二子負二山：被??所感動。

2、檣傾楫摧。可譯為：船上的桅桿被吹倒了，船槳被折斷了。

四、省略句

句子中省略某個詞或某個成分的現象，在文言文中較為常見。主要有：

（1）省略主語：

例子：（漁人）便舍船，從口入。

（此）忠之屬也。（《曹劌論戰》）

日中（友人）不至。

（2）省略謂語：

例子：擇其善者而從之，（擇）其不善者而改之。（《論語十則》）

一鼓作氣，再（鼓）而衰，三（鼓）而竭。（《曹劌論戰》）（3）省略賓語：

例子：投（之）以骨。（《狼》）

君與（之）俱來。（《隆中對》）

尉劍挺，廣起，奪（劍）而殺尉（都尉拔出劍,吳廣起來,奪劍殺了都尉）（4）省略介詞“于”

例子：林盡（于）水源。（《桃花源記》）

急湍甚（于）箭。（《與朱元思書》）口技人坐（于）屏障中。（5）省略量詞： 例子：一（張）桌，一（把）椅，一（把）扇，一（塊）撫尺而已。

孔子東游，見兩（個）小兒斗。中考鏈接：

1、下列各句中與“公將焉之”（之：到、往）一句句式相同的一項。? A.微斯人，吾誰與歸。? B.顧野有麥場。

? C.浙江之潮，天下之偉觀也。? D.此人一一為具言所聞。

2、下列各句中，與“貓厭以腥膏”（厭：飽，腥：魚，膏：肥肉）一句文言現象相同的一項。

? A.上使外將兵。（皇帝派他在外面帶兵）? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

B.仰而視之曰：“嚇”。（貓頭鷹仰頭看著，發出‘嚇’的怒斥聲）C.咨臣以當世之事。D.宋何罪之有。

3、下列各句中，與“善哉，祁黃羊之論也”一句句式相同的一項。A.相顧驚疑，念近中無此禪院。B.金溪民方仲永，世隸耕。C.便要還家，設酒殺雞作食。D.何陋之有。

下列各句中，與“此正午牡丹也”一句句式不相同的一項。A.此則岳陽樓之大觀也。

B.城北徐公，齊國之美麗者也。C.山巒為晴雪所洗。D.中軒敞者為艙。

5、下列各句中，與“差矣，汝之言”一句句式相同的一項。A.忠之屬也，可以一戰。B.當立者，乃公子扶蘇。C.甚矣，汝之不惠。D.僅有敵船為火所焚。