第一篇：應用文常用句式

一、邀請信

1、I’d like...to come to dinner

非常希望...共進晚餐

2、request the pleasure of

恭請...3、The favor of a reply is requested

敬賜復函

4、May I have the honor of your company at dinner?

敬備菲酌，恭請光臨

5、Thank you for inviting us to dinner

謝謝您邀請我們共進晚餐

6、I hope you’re not too busy to come.我期望您會在百忙中光臨

7、The reception will be held in...,on...招待會定于...在...舉行

8、We sincerely/faithfully hope you can attend….我們期待您的光臨

9、We are looking forward to...我們期待著....10、We have decided to have a party in honor of the occasion

為此我們決定舉辦一次晚會

11、Please confirm your participation at your earliest convenience

是否參加，請早日告之

二、感謝信

1、Thank you very much for....十分感謝...2、Many thanks for your...非常感謝您...3、Please accept my sincere appreciation for...請接受我對...真摯的感謝

4、I am truly grateful to you for...為了...，我真心感激您

5、It was good(thoughtful)of you...承蒙好意(關心)...6、You were so kind to send...承蒙好意送來...7、Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon.再次感謝您的盛情款待，并期待不久見到您

8、I find an ordinary “thank-you” entirely inadequate to tell you how much...我覺得一般的感謝的字眼完全不足以表達我對您多么地...9、I sincerely appreciate...我衷心地感謝...10、I wish to express my profound appreciation for...我對..深表謝意

11、Many thanks for you generous cooperation

謝謝貴方的真誠合作

① I shall feel obliged if you will favor me with a call at your earliest convenience.如您方便，請早日來電，我將不勝感激。

②Delighted!Will call at 2 p.m.tomorrow.來條收悉，定于明天下午兩點拜訪。

③Encl.: Doctors Certificate of Advice.附;醫生證明 I shall be very happy to call at your house at 6:30 this evening.Until then,...我定于今晚6：30去你家，望等候。Enclosure

④Upon receiving this note, please come to my office.見條后，請立即來我辦公室。

⑤Mr.Li stands in urgent need of your service.李先生急需你的幫助。

⑥I happen to be in urgent need of 200 yuan.我因有急事，需要200元。

⑦Your note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated.留言和一張入場券均已收到，不勝感激。

⑧I‘m very grateful to you for your kind invitation, and I’m sure to come to see your concert.承蒙邀請觀看你們的音樂會，我一定按時到場。

⑨Please accept this little gift as a small token of my esteem for you.奉上這小小的禮物，以表達我對您的崇高敬意。Token=symbol

⑩結束語I trust my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience.望我的缺席不會給你帶來太大的不便。

⑾Please favor me with an early reply.敬請早復。

⑿Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.希望能及早處理此事。

⒀Please give an extension of leave for three days.請準予續假三天為盼。

第二篇：高考應用文備考句式

高考應用文必背套句

一、感謝信

1.我寫信想向你表達我對你的感激之情，因為在你的幫助下，我英語取得了很大進步。I'm writing to extend/express/convey my gratitude to you because with your help I have made much progress in English.2.多虧了你的慷慨幫助，否則我將一事無成。

Thanks to your generous help, or I could have gone nowhere.3.沒有你的幫助，我不可能取得這么大的進步。

If it hadn't been for your assistance, I wouldn't have made much progress.4.是你慷慨的幫助讓我得到這個好機會。

It is your generous help that enables me to obtain this splendid opportunity.5.是你的好客和幫助讓我的旅行變得很有意義和收獲。

It was your hospitality and great help that made my journey fruitful and worthwhile.6.希望你方便的時候能到中國來玩。

I really hope you can come to China for a visit when it is convenient for you.7.對于你的關心與付出，我再次表達真摯的感謝，并永生難忘。

Thanks again.Please accept my sincere thanks for your caring and efforts, which I will never forget.二、道歉信

1.之前答應你下周末一起去北京玩，很抱歉，現在我去不了了。

I'm sorry that I failed to go on a trip to Beijing with you and I'm writing to apologize to you for breaking my promise.2.我希望你能接受我的道歉。請允許我另定時間帶你參觀北京，我將不勝感激。

I really hope that you can accept my apologies and understand me.I would appreciate it if you allow me to fix another time to show you around some places of interest in Beijing.3.為了避免誤會，我想請你吃飯并當面向你解釋。

In order to prevent/avoid/ remove misunderstanding, I would like to have you for dinner and explain to you face to face.4.再次，為我造成的不便向你道歉，希望你能接受我真誠的歉意。

Once again，I'm sorry for any inconvenience I've caused.Hope you can accept my sincerest and deepest apologies and forgive me for my fault.三、投訴信

1.我寫信向你投訴有關上個月我在你家店買的手機的問題。

I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction about the mobile phone I bought last month in your store.2.我是你的一個顧客。我想投訴你店里一個服務員的不禮貌而且粗魯的行為。

I am one of your customers.I’m writing to complain about one of your waiters’ improper and rude behaviors.3.我對……不滿意有一些主要原因。首先，……更糟糕的是，……最后，……

There are some main reasons why I am not content with…First, … What’s worse, … Eventually, … 4.我真誠地希望你能認真調查這件事情，以及采取恰當的措施防止類似事件再次發生。

I sincerely hope that you will look into/investigate the matter/incident seriously and proper measures should be taken to prevent such an incident happening again.5.你若能盡快采取措施處理這個問題，我將感激不盡。

I would appreciate it very much if you could take measures to deal with/solve the problem as soon as possible.四、祝賀信

1.我寫信祝賀你在英語口語比賽中獲得第一名。

I am writing to congratulate you on your winning the first prize in the English Speaking Competition./I am writing to express my sincerest congratulations(to you)on...2.得知你多年的努力有了回報，我是多么高興啊!

How happy I am to hear that many years of your efforts have paid off!3.你取得成功，我一點也不奇怪。

It came as no surprise to me that you finally succeeded.4.我確信正是你的努力使你成功。

I know for sure that it is your hard work that leads to your success.5.你的成功給了我極大的鼓舞。

Your success has greatly encouraged me to study harder.6.你能告訴我怎樣提高口語嗎？你的經歷將對我的學習有很大的幫助。

Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.7.祝你在學習和工作上有更大的成功。

I wish you greater success in your studies and work.五、求助信

1.我很難用合適的英語單詞表達我的想法，所以我寫信向你求助。

I have some trouble in using proper English words to express my thoughts, so I'm writing to you to seek some help.2.不知道你是否能給我一些建議。I wonder if you could give me some advice.3.但不幸的是，我發現很難適應新環境。

Unfortunately, I find it quite difficult to adapt to a new environment.4.面對這些問題，我感到十分恐懼與焦慮，希望你能幫我。

Facing these problems, I'm seized with fear and anxiety and I hope that you will be kind enough to help me.5.我相信你的任何建議都會幫到我。

I'm sure that any advice will be a big help to me.6.如你能及時回復，我將感激不盡。

Your kind early reply would be greatly appreciated.六、建議信

1.得知你英語學習有困難，我寫信給你一些這方面的建議。

knowing that you are having some difficulty in learning English, I'm writing to share with you some advice concerning the problem.2.以下是給你的一些建議來改變這個處境。

Here are some suggestions for you to change the situation.3.首先，我建議你每天讀英語書。

To begin with, I suggest that you should read English books every day.4.其次，每天用英語寫日記難道不是一個很好的選擇嗎？

In addition to that, wouldn't it be a good idea to keep a diary in English? 5.我希望我的建議對你有用。

I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you.I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/ helpful/useful.七、安慰信

1.聽說你出了事故，傷了左腿，我很難過。

It was a great shock to hear that an accident happened to you and you had your left leg injured./ I can't tell you how sorry I felt when I heard that...2.事實上每個人都會經歷一些糟糕的事。

The truth is that everyone may have one of those terrible experiences.3.最重要的是改變態度，對未來樂觀。

The most important thing is to change your attitude and remain optimistic about your future.4.如果需要幫助，請告訴我。

If I can be of any help, please don't hesitate to let me know./ If you want me to do anything, don't hesitate to let me know./I shall be delighted if I can do anything for you.5.希望時間能帶走你的傷痛。

I hope that time will take away your sorrow.6.希望你盡快振作起來。記住，我的心和我的思想一直與你同在。

I hope you'll cheer up soon.Remember that my heart and my thoughts are with you.八、通知

1.Good afternoon, everyone.May I have your attention, please!(口頭通知)2.我校定于下周五晚上6:00至8:00舉行新年晚會。

Our school is scheduled to hold a New Year party from 6:00 p.m to 8:00 p.m next Friday./

A New Year Party is to be held in our school from 6:00 p.m to 8:00 p.m next Friday.3.活動旨在讓我們更好地了解中國文化。

The activity is intended to enable us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture./

The activity aims(力求)to enable us..../ With the aim of enabling us to have....,(our school is to hold the activity...)

4.會議通知：時間（2018年4月5日 晚上7點）地點（3號樓103房間）

A meeting is going to be held in Room 103 of Building 3 at 7:00 on the evening of April 5, 2018./ 5.參加演講比賽的同學請在5月25號前到學生會辦公室報名。

Those who want to take part in the English-speaking contest are required to sign up for it at the Students’ Union office before May 25th.(書面通知)

Please sign your name at the Students’ Union office before May 25th if you want to take part in the English-speaking contest.(口頭通知)6.要求所有的學生出席這次報告。

All the students are required to attend the lecture./ All the students are expected to....7.歡迎所有的人參加這次活動

Every one of us is welcome(to take part in the activity).8.請準時參加。

Please attend it on time./ Please be present on time.九、邀請信

1.我寫信誠邀你參加我校組織的一次活動。

I'm writing to warmly invite you to participate in an activity organized by our school.2.知道你對中國文化感興趣，我想邀請你和我一起看展覽。

Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture, I'd like to invite you to attend the exhibition with me.3.我肯定你會感興趣的，因為你一直對運動有熱情。因此，我想邀請你加入球隊。

I'm sure it will appeal to you, for you have been enthusiastic about sports.Therefore, I'd like to invite you to join the team.4.活動細節如下：

Here are some details about this activity./ Some details about this activity are as follows.5.活動將于6月21下午2:00到500:在校大廳舉行。

The activity will take place in the school hall from 2 to 5 on the afternoon of June 21.6.我真的希望你有空參加這次郊游，因為東湖是一個好玩的地方，我們肯定會玩得很開心。I do hope that you are available for this trip, for East Lake is such a fun place for people to enjoy themselves and surely we will have a great time there.7.我相信旅行時少不了會感到興奮與愉快。

I'm fully convinced that there will be no shortage of excitement as well as enjoyment during the trip.8.我們真誠希望你能夠參加。

We sincerely hope you can attend it.9.如能盡早答復，我們將不勝感激。

Your reply at the earliest convenience will be highly appreciated.10.你的參加肯定會給我們的晚會增色，我們大家盼望著你的加入。

Your participation can surely add color to the party and we are all looking forward to your involvement.十、倡議書

1.作為高中生，告訴身邊的每一個人節約用水是我們的責任。

As high school students, it's our duty to tell everyone around us to save water.2.我叫李華，是校學生會主席，我想大家注意環境保護的重要性。

I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union.I'd like to call your attention to the importance of protecting our environment.3.為了幫助地震災區的孩子，學校號召我們捐錢或衣物。

In order to.../ With the aim of.../ For the purpose of helping the children in the earthquake-stricken area , our school calls on us to donate clothes or money.4.我希望我們有限的力量能夠幫助那些需要的人。

I hope our limited effort will make a difference to those in need.5.我非常支持這個活動，因為它非常有用而且有意義。

I'm strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.6.讓我們從現在開始每天努力一點點，抓緊每一天、每一小時、每一分鐘。

Let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little every day, every hour and every minute.6.讓我們攜手，立即行動。

Let's join our hands and take action immediately.十一、申請信

1.我在報紙上看到你公司在招聘一名秘書。我非常感興趣，我想申請這個工作。

I have read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.I'm so interested in this position that I'm writing to apply for it.2.我認為我適合這個崗位

I think I'm qualified/fit for the position.3.而且，我非常熟悉西方文化。

What's more, I am well familiar with the western culture.4.我很想得到這個寶貴的機會，因為通過提供服務，我不但能增強在公眾場合說英語的自 信心，而且能提高組織能力與溝通能力。

I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, not only will I increase my confidence in speaking in public, but also improve my organization ability and communication skills.5.我肯定我不會辜負你的期望。如果你能考慮我，我將非常感謝。

I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.I will be grateful if you could give me

akind consideration.6.我希望我能夠成為你們的一員。

I hope I can be accepted as a member of your company.7.在你方便的時候給我一個回復，我會非常感激的。

I will greatly appreciate a respond from you at your earliest convenience.十二、請假條.很抱歉我今天不能上您的英語課。

I'm terribly/ extremely/ really sorry to tell you that I can't attend your English classes today.2.我想知道我能否請個事假，時間是周二到周五。

I would like to know if I could apply for a personal leave of absence from Tuesday to Friday.（ask for a leave of absence from...）

3.由于嚴重頭痛，我將不能夠參加晚會/會議。

Owing to/ On account of/ Because of a severe headache, I will be unable to attend the party/meeting.4.對于我休假所帶來的不便，深表歉意.I apologize for the inconvenience that my absence from work may cause.5.我答應盡快地補上我該做的工作。

I promise to make up the duty as soon as I get back from leave.6.如果你能準假，我將不勝感激。

I would appreciate it if you could approve my request./ I would be very grateful if you grant me my leave./ Your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.

第三篇：高中英語應用文寫作的實用句式1.——道歉信

道歉信中開頭段常用句式和套話

I am writing this letter to express my regret… I am writing to apologize for…

I would like to give you my apology for… I am very sorry to say that…

I must apologize about(not)doing sth… Please accept my sincere apology for… I am writing to say sorry for… I am terribly sorry, but… 道歉信中結尾段常用句式和套話

Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I can’t… and trust that you will be able to understand.道歉信模板

Dear ______, ①I am truly sorry that ______（道歉的原因）.②The reason is that ______（介紹原因）.③Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.④Hope you can accept my appologies and understand my situation.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

假設你是新華中學的學生李華，你和在上海上學的英國朋友Tom約好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴約。請根據以下要點用英語給他寫一封電子郵件： 1.表示歉意； 2.解釋原因； 3.另約時間。

注意：1.詞數80字左右； 2.可適當增加細節。Dear Tom, I’m very sorry that I can’t go on a trip to Beijing with you next weekend, which I have promised you.I’m writing to tell you the reason for it.Just now, my cousin, Li Ming, who went abroad for further education last year, informed me that he would return the next Saturday morning.He asked me to pick him up at the airport with his parents.As you know, we haven’t seen each other for about a year, so I’ll have to help him in the first place.I really hope that you can accept my apologies and understand me.I would appreciate it if you allow me to fix another time to show you around some places of interest in Beijing.Wish you have a good time this weekend!

Yours, Li Ming

第四篇：句式222

轉換句式

1、這是真理。（改為反問句）

2、多得些知識決不是一件壞事。（改為否定句）

3、這件事我一定要做。（調換順序，意思不變）

4、疲勞和干渴把它們折磨得有氣無力。（改為“被”字句）

5、澎湃的波濤把海里的泥沙卷到岸邊。（改為“被”字句）

6、又短又軟的淤泥怎么承受得住這樣重的老象呢？（改為陳述句）

7、是不是應該用我的能力把我所能做到的事情做得更精致、更仔細、更加一絲不茍呢？（改為陳述句）

8、多讀多練，作文會進步。（用關聯詞語把句子連起來）

9、他的學習成績很好，很自私，算不上好學生。（用關聯詞語把句子連起來）如果勝利不屬于這樣的隊伍，還會屬于誰呢？（改為不用關聯詞表示肯定的陳述句）

11、這是英雄的中國人民堅強不屈的聲音！（改為反問句）

12、他熱情地和我握了握手，說：“我的國語講得不好，是初學的。”（改為不用引號的轉述）

13、這難道不是偉大的奇觀么？（改為陳述句）

14、我在星星的懷抱中微笑著。（改變句序，句子意思不變）

15、不勞動，連棵花也養不活，這難道不是真理嗎？（改為陳述句）

16、多得些知識不是壞事。（改為反問句）

17、小李完成了老師交給她的畫版報任務。（改為“被”字句）

18、在這樹上有許多鳥巢。（改變詞序，句子意思不變）

19、海上日出真是偉大的奇觀。（改為反問句）

20、外祖父送給了鶯兒一幅墨梅。（改為“把”字句和“被”字句）

21、地球之外是否有生命存在，是人類一起探索的宇宙生命之謎。（改為反問句）

22、這些設想即使能實現，也是遙遠的事情。（改為反問句）

23、我完成了這幅作品。（改為感嘆句）

24、我做成了這個試驗。（改為反問句）

25、你不是不知道這件事有多重要。（改為肯定句）

26、這比山還高，比海還深的情誼，我們怎能忘懷呢？（改為肯定句）

27、狂風刮飛了地上的落葉。（改為“把”字句和“被”字句）

28、沒有太陽，就沒有我們這個美麗的世界。（改為反問句）

29、有幾個省市的建設與興安嶺完全沒有關系呢？（改為陳述句）

30、藺相如說：“秦王我都不怕，會怕謙將軍嗎？”（改為轉述語句）

31、聽到這個消息，我高興地跳起來。（改為反問句）

32、這本書難道不是你的嗎？（改為陳述句）

33、王老師對同學們說：“星期天，我們一起去滑雪”。(改為間接引用）

34、小紅軍對陳庚說：“我還要等我的同伴呢？”（改為間接引用）

35、爸爸對媽媽說：“明天我出發，你別去上班了。”（改為間接引用）

36、人與山的關系日益密切，怎能不使我們感到親切、舒服呢？（改為陳述句）

37、在陽光下，一片青松的邊沿，閃動著白樺的銀裙，不像海邊上的浪花嗎？（改為陳述句）

38、大至礦井、鐵路，小至椽柱、桌椅，有幾個省市的建設與興安嶺完全沒有關系呢？（改為陳述句）

39、雨下得很大。（改為比喻句）

40、田里的青蛙叫。（改為擬人句）

41、這么美的水真吸引人。（改為反問句）

42、寫得不怎么樣，但還是有希望的。（改為雙重否定句）

43、他這樣做雖然過分了點，但還是有道理的。（改為雙重否定句）

44、問題還沒有弄清，但已經有了一點兒頭緒。（改為雙重否定句）

45、凡卡從老板的立柜里拿出一小瓶墨水。（改為反問句）

46、這個足球場太小了。（改為夸張句）

47、他的鞋真大。（改為夸張句）

48、桂花開了，很遠就能聞到香味。（改為夸張句）

49、這里一只鳥飛起來，那邊鳥又落下去，眼睛都看不過來了。（改為夸張句）

50、哥哥把牛郎叫到跟前。（改為“被”字句）

51、小窗戶里望見的能有多大呢？（改為陳述句）

52、兇狠的老板打凡卡。（變換語序，意思不變）

53、溪水嘩嘩地流向遠方。（改為擬人句）

54、“鳥的天堂”真是鳥的天堂。（改為反問句）

55、天空中飄著大雪。（改為比喻句）

56、你承認電子計算機是“天之驕子”。（改為雙重否定句）

57、地球資源枯竭了，人類否能活嗎？（改為陳述句）

58、曹操氣得臉都紅了。（變換語序，意思不變）

59、地球是人類的母親，生命的搖籃。（改為反問句）

60、邱少云趴在火堆里一動也不動。（改為比喻句）

61、有一天，媽媽忽然對我說：“鶯兒，我們回唐山去。”（改為間接引用）

62、越過岷山，不能不使紅軍戰士喜笑顏開。（改為反問句）

63、綿延不斷的王嶺山脈，在紅軍眼里卻很細小。（改為比喻句）

64、漓江的水綠得仿佛一塊無暇的翡翠。（改為反問句）

65、大家老師熱愛自己的祖國。（改為反問句）

66、父親說：“這是我對你們的希望。”（改為間接引用）

67、我是一名少先隊員，必須遵守紀律。（改為反問句）

第五篇：主要句式

2011年中考英語考點9主要句式

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(一)知識概要

初中所學的句型一般要分為陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。陳述句中有肯定句與否定句之分。其中可以分為以下五種：

① 主語+不及物動詞。如：I arrived at six last night.② 主語+及物動詞+賓語，如：I bought a good EnglishChinese Dictionary yesterday.③ 主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語，如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed.這樣可加雙賓語的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.④ 主語+及物動詞+賓語+賓語補足語，如：I found it impossible to do it.Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.⑤ 主語+系動詞+表語，如：Tom is an American boy.The grass turned green in spring.在初中常見的句型中有There be…句型，表示存在某種事物，如：There is a map on the wall其be動詞的形式要與其后面相近的那個名詞相一致。要注意的是這種句型加入助動詞后，也要保持be動詞，不要換用have,如：There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.在句子結構中要注意主謂一致的問題，即句子的主語與謂語動詞要相呼應。

要注意的有如下幾點：

① 用and連接兩個主語時一般應視為復數，但如一人身兼兩職時則要用單數謂語動詞形式，如：A singer and dancer is coming to our party.a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演員。而 a singer and a dancer 則要譯為：一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。

②有些以 s 結尾的名詞謂語動詞要用單數，如： The news is good(news 為不可數名詞)。③ 有量詞時應按量詞的數量計算；如： This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.④有些形單卻意為復數的名詞，如： People are coming here 這樣的詞還有 Police，如果要講一個警察時，應講 a policeman。兩個警察為 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen

⑤ 所有不定代詞 each，either，neither，one，the other，nobody，nothing，anyone，anything，someone，something … 要作為單數如： Someone is waiting for you在并列句中表示聯合關系的連詞有： and not only … but also，neither … nor，either … or 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示轉折關系的并列連詞有： but 和 yet，如： She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam.又如： I think the news is strange, yet it is true 表示選擇關系的連詞有：or，either … or，如： Hurry up, or you will be late for school 表示因果關系的并列連詞有： for，so 如： They studied very hard，so they all passed the exam

在初中范圍復合句中主要有狀語從句和賓語從句(名詞性從句)兩種，而定語從句(形容詞性從句)要在高中講述，為了使同學閱讀文章方便，我們將在下面另一章予以介紹。我們首先來看賓語從句。

① 在及物動詞的后面可以接一個名詞來充當賓語，如： I knew the man, 而這時也可以用一個句子來充當賓語，如： I knew that he was a good man 這時賓語從句的連接詞有 that,(that 只在從句中起聯接作用，不在句中充當語法成分，既不是主語也不是賓語，所以在口語中常常被省略。如： I am sure(that)she has passed the exam

②if, whether 它們在賓語從句中只起連接作用，不起語法作用，當作是否講。從句中有 or not 結構時，要用 whether, 如： I ask him if(whether)he has had his lunch I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not

③ what 它在賓語從句中除了作連接詞外，還要作主語或賓語成份，如： I don't understand what you said(what 作 said 的賓語)。又如： I asked him what made him sick(what 在賓語從句中作主語)。

④ who，它也和what一樣，在句中除作連接詞外，可以充當句中的成份，如：I know who she is looking for?

⑤ whose 如： I want to know whose book this is? ⑥ which 如： Do you know which book is mine? 在連接詞中還有4個常用的連接副詞，① how 它的應用最廣，如： how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如： How much does it cost?

② when 它只是連接時間狀語，如： Please tell me when the meeting will begin? ③ where 它連接地點狀語，如： Where are you from?

④ why 它要連接的是原因狀語從句，如： The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.在考試中常見到的考點是：賓語從句的時態與主句時態的呼應問題。

① 主句謂語動詞如果是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的時態可以是任何所需要的時態，如： I know he didn't come.我知道他沒來。I know he will come tomorrow 我知道他明天來。I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去倫敦了。

② 主句中的謂語動詞若是過去時，賓語從句也要用過去時態中的某一種。比如： 一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時。除了在表達宇宙中的客觀真理時，不能用現在時態。如： I wanted to know when he would come The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun狀語從句主要有時間 狀語從句，其連接詞有：after，before，when，as，as soon as，until(till)，while，since，by

其中較難掌握的有以下幾點：

① until(till)直到，在用 until 表達時間狀語的句子中，主句中的動詞是要十分小心去選擇。如動詞是持續性動詞，它要用肯定句，如： I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night.如果動詞是瞬間截止性動詞，則要用否定句，如： He didn't go to bed until his mother came back 

② 由since，for，by，before 來引導的時間狀語從句。since 引導的時間狀語是動作的開始時間，如： I have studied English since １９９０ 而由 by 引導的時間狀語通常是動作的結束時間，如： I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term 而before 則多用于完成時，ago 則多用于一般過去時，如： He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago

③ 在狀語從句中用一般現在時或一般過去時表示將來。它們可能是主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時，如： If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday 也可以主句是一般過去時，從句用一般過去進行時，如： He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park 考試中常見的考點有：要學生區別是條件、時間狀語從句還是賓語從句，因在賓語從句中該用什么時態用什么時態，如： I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在賓語從句中的條件狀語從句與主句的關系，如： I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow

在原因狀語從句中主要是

① because，應譯為“因為”。它表達的因果關系最強，如： He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard

② since 應譯為“既然”，如： Since you were ill yesterday I left some notes on your desk

③ as 應譯為“由于”，如： As it is too hot we'd better go swimming since 與 as 所表達的因果關系遠比 because 弱得多。而 for 表達的因果關系最弱。它不能用于句首，如： He studies hard, for he wants to go to college在比較狀語從句中有同級比較 as … as，如： This book is as good as that one

要注意的有兩點：

① as … as 中間要用原級而不是比較級。

② 用形容詞還是副詞，如： Mary writes as carefully as Tom 而其否定句為 not as(so)… as，如： They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同級比較用比較級加 than, 如： He is younger than I am

要注意的是表示“越來越”這一概念時有兩個句型：

① 比較級＋and＋比較級，如： The days are getting longer and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful

② 定冠詞 the ＋ 比較級＋ the ＋ 比較級，如： The harder you study, the more you can learn方 式狀語中要注意的是as(連詞)與 like(介詞)的區別。as 作為連詞其后接從句，如： Please do it as I did it 但后面的句子常作省略，如： Please do it as I 而 like 是介詞，其后要接的是賓語，如： Please do it like me

結果和目的狀語從句主要有 so … that，so that，in order that等幾種用法。

① so … that用在單數可數名詞前，so ＋ 形容詞 ＋ a ＋ 名詞 ＋ that，如： She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her 或用 such ＋ a ＋ 形容詞 ＋ 名詞 ＋ that, 如： She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her

② 在不可數名詞或可數名詞復數前只能用 such，如： It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic 又如： They are such good players that they should win the game.③ 在much，many，few，little 之前只能用so，如： I have so little money that I can't buy it

④ so … that 之間只有形容詞時，則不能用 such，如： It is so good that I want to buy ⑤ so that 其后接從句，如： I got up earlier so that I could catch the first bus

（二）正誤辨析 

［誤］ The stories in that book was written many years ago  ［正］ The stories in that book were written many years ago.

［析］ 作主語的名詞、代詞或不定式、動名詞，它們往往要帶有修飾詞，這些詞可能是形容詞，也可能是短語，但謂語動詞還是要取決于這個主語的數，要記住的是一個名詞不可能在同一句中作兩個不同的語法成份，如： book 作了 of 的介詞賓語則不可能再作主語了。 ［誤］ To read many books are good for you  ［正］ To read many books is good for you  ［析］ 不定式作主語應該看作單數主語。 ［誤］ What he said are right  ［正］ What he said is right 

［析］ 從句作主語一定要按單數主語看待。 ［正］ The rich is not always happy  ［誤］ The rich are not always happy 

［析］ 形容詞＋定冠詞表示一類人，謂語動詞應用復數，如： The young are very interested in study and sports ［誤］ The school master and writer are coming  ［正］ The school master and writer is coming 

［析］ 本句應譯為：校長兼作家就要來了。而 The school master and the writer are coming 則要譯為：校長和一個作家要來了。在英語表達法中確實有 The girl and boy are playing on the grass 這應譯為：一個女孩，一個男孩在操場上玩。因為不可能這樣兩個概念作用在一個人身上。又如： the husband and wife 夫妻二人。

［誤］ You or she go to get some water for us  ［正］ You or she goes to get some water for us 

［析］ 由 or 連接的兩個主語應以離謂語動詞近的那一個計算其數。這樣的用法還有 either … or，neither … nor，not only … but also 也有人稱作“就近原則”。 ［誤］ The teacher with a lot of students come into the classroom  ［正］ The teacher with a lot of students comes into the classroom 

［析］ 真正的主語是 the teacher，而 with 短語是伴隨狀態，不影響主語的數。 ［誤］ My glasses is broken  ［正］ My glasses are broken  ［誤］ This pair of glasses are good  ［正］ This pair of glasses is good  ［誤］ These kinds of butter is good. ［正］ These kinds of butter are good

［析］ 英語中有些名詞只有復數形式，如： glasses 眼鏡，shorts 短褲等。如沒有量詞在前時，要用復數謂語動詞，但有了量詞之后則要按量詞的單復數計算。 ［誤］ One of the boys are going to take part in the match  ［正］ One of the boys is going to take part in the match  ［析］ One of 結構應以 one 來計算主語的數。 ［誤］ Half of the work are done  ［正］ Half of the work is done  ［誤］ Half of the books is read  ［正］ Half of the books are read 

［析］ 在小于1的數量詞作主語時，如： ２ ３，８０％，０．３５… ＋ of ＋名詞，這時主語的數應按 of 后面的名詞計算。如果名詞是不可數名詞或可數名詞單數，則謂語動詞要用單數，如名詞是復數則要用復數謂語動詞。

［誤］ Each sides are full of trees  ［正］ Each side is full of trees  ［誤］ Both side is full of trees  ［正］ Both sides are full of trees 

［析］ each，either 其后都要加單數名詞，而 both 后要加復數名詞。如： each，either，another，little，a little，much等作主語時，謂語動詞全部要用單數形式。 ［誤］ The boys each has an apple  ［正］ The boys each have an apple 

［析］ each 作同位語時，不影響句子的主語。 ［誤］ Everyone of us has a ticket for the concert  ［正］ Every one of us has a ticket for the concert 

［析］ everyone，someone，everybody … 在作主語時都不能加 of 結構。［誤］ Girls like dancing very much，but few likes playing football  ［正］ Girls like dancing very much，but few like playing football  ［析］ few 雖然含意上是“幾乎沒有”，但作主語時仍要當作復數。 ［誤］ The number of the workers in that factory are two hundred  ［正］ The number of the workers in that factory is two hundred 

［析］ the number of 意為：某某的數字是…… 如： the number of students 學生人數，the number of players 運動員人數。不論數字如何都應看作單數。而 a number of 與 many 意思相同，其后加可數名詞復數，謂語動詞用復數形式。如： A number of students are playing on the grass ［誤］ The rest of the students is here  ［正］ The rest of the students are here  ［誤］ The rest of the work are done  ［正］ The rest of the work is done 

［析］ the rest of 的用法與２／３，一半，８０％＋ of 的結構一致，of 后面為可數名詞復數時用復數謂語動詞，為不可數名詞或可數名詞單數時用單數謂語動詞。這樣用法還有 lots of，a lot of，plenty of。

［誤］ The news in today's newspaper are not bad  ［正］ The news in today's newspaper is not bad 

［析］ 有些以 s 結尾的名詞要用作不可數名詞，它們是：news，physics，mathematics，thanks，…

［誤］ The Chinese is kind and friendly  ［正］ The Chinese are kind and friendly 

［析］ Chinese 作為中文來講是單數名詞，但作為中國人講是單復同形的名詞。如： one Chinese，two Chinese … 而 The Chinese ＝ The people of China 要用復數謂語動詞。［誤］ This dictionary is too expensive for me Ten dollars are a big sum for me ［正］ This dictionary is too expensive for me Ten dollars is a big sum for me ［析］ 表示一段時間，一筆金錢，一段距離，都應看作單數名詞。 ［誤］ Who are going to take part in our football match?  ［正］ Who is going to take part in our football match? 

［析］ 用 who 提問時，習慣上用單數謂語動詞，但 which 則要視其情況而定，如： which are better these shoeses or those shoes? 又如： which is better this one or that one? ［誤］ What a hot weather it is! ［誤］ How hot the weather it is! ［正］ What hot weather it is! ［正］ How hot the weather is!

［析］ 感嘆句是用來表達說話人的喜怒哀樂的感情。它由 what 與 how 作句子的開始，判定是用 what 還是用 how 的最好辦法是將它們換為陳述句，比如： What the hot weather it is!應轉換為： It is the hot weather 那么句子的起點是單詞 it。再來看感嘆句中 it 前有不可數名詞 weather，則只能用 what。再看第二句 How hot the weather is!轉為陳述句時為： The weather is hot這時句子的開始單詞為 the weather，再來看感嘆句在 the weather 前只有形容詞，所以應用 how。至于是用 what a 還是 what 要看名詞的具體情況而定，單數可數名詞加 what a 其余的加用 what。 ［誤］ We have to sing this，have we?  ［誤］ We have to sing this，haven't we?  ［正］ We have to sing this, don't we?

［析］ 在反意疑問句中除了標準的一些常規外，有一些例外： Let's go home，shall we? Let us go home，will you? She had to leave，didn't she? Do your homework at once，will you?

There is not much good news in today's newspaper，is there? Neither of them are right，are they? I think he will come to the party won't he?

think 后的賓語從句，與其他賓語從句不一樣，在初中只有這樣一個較特殊的詞。這樣的句子的反意疑問句的主語要用賓語從句中的主語，其助動詞要用賓語從句的助動詞，而肯定還是否定要看主句謂語動詞而定，如： I don't think he is coming to our party，is he? ［誤］ I want to know where does he live  ［正］ I want to know where he lives 

［析］ 賓語從句中一律要用陳述語序，而不用疑問語序。 ［誤］Nor I have 

［正］Nor(Neither)have I 

［析］ nor，neither 用在簡答否定句中時要采用倒裝語序。在肯定句的簡答句中則要用so，如： I do my homework very quickly，So does Mary ［誤］ Look!Here the bus comes! ［正］ Look!Here comes the bus! ［誤］ Look!Here comes he! ［正］ Look!Here he comes  ［析］ 在 there，here 打頭的句子中，如果主語是名詞，則要采用倒裝語序；如果是人稱代詞則用一般語序。

［誤］ Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us? No，I don't hope so 

［正］ Do you want Mary to go to the cinema with us? No，I hope not 

［析］ 我不這樣想，可用 I don't think so 但 hope 的否定簡答句只能用 I hope not 這是習慣用法。但這兩個詞的肯定簡答句形是一樣的，如： I think so.I hope so ［誤］ That is difficult for us to learn English well  ［正］ It is difficult for us to learn English well 

［析］ It 這里的語法作用是形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的不定式。形式主語和形式賓語都要用 it 而不能用 that，如： I think it difficult to learn English well it 在這句中是 think 的形式賓語。

（三）例題解析 

1

There ＿＿＿ a pencilbox on the desk．

A.is B.are

C.has

D.have ［答案］ A.

［析］ There be 句形中的 be 動詞要看其后面離它最近的名詞而定，如： There are two books and a pencil on the desk 但卻可以講 There is a pencil and two books on the desk 2

Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

A Mrs King where lives B where does Mrs King live  C where Mrs King lives D Mrs King lives where ［答案］ C.

［析］ 賓語從句中的疑問句要用陳述語序。 3

Your brother came to see you，＿＿＿ ?

A does he B doesn't he C did he D didn't he  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 前句是肯定句，后面反意疑問句要用否定句，同時 came 為過去時態，所以應用 didn't he 4

It's getting cloudy，＿＿＿ ?

A does' it B doesn't it C is it D isn't it ［答案］ D.

［析］ 要區分's 是 has 還是 is，這里由 getting 得出's 是is。 5

＿＿＿ keep me waiting so long． A Not B Won't C Don't D Not to ［答案］ C.

［析］ Don't ＋ 動詞原形為祈始句的否定句。 6

Mr Green hasn't been to Beijing, ＿＿＿ ?

A has he B hasn't he C did he D didn't he ［答案］ A.

［析］ 此句 has 是助動詞與過去分詞構成現在完成時態。 7

You have your lunch at school, ＿＿＿ ?

A have you B haven't you C do you D don't you  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 這里的 have 是實意動詞“吃”，而不是助動詞。 8

＿＿＿ sunny day!Let's go out for a walk． A How a B How C What a D What ［答案］ C.

［析］ 這個感嘆句是個省略句，其真實的句子應為 What a sunny day it is!9

-Can you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

-Sure She's a nurse A where is your sister B where your sister is  C what is your sister D what your sister is ［答案］ D.

［析］ who 問的是姓名，如： Who is he? He is Smith 或 He is my fatheris he? He is a teacher

What 問的是職業，如： What 10

 10

John likes listening to the radio，＿＿＿ ?

A does he B doesn't he C doesn't John D does Johe ［答案］ B.

［析］ 當名詞作主語時，反意疑問句應用代詞。 11

Neither you nor I ＿＿＿ on the team． A are B were C am D is ［答案］ C.

［析］ 由 neither … nor … 作連接詞作主語時，其謂語動詞要與相臨近的那個主語相呼應。 12

＿＿＿ delicious food!I'd like some more． A what a B How a C What D How ［答案］ C.

［析］ 因 food 為不可數名詞。 13

＿＿＿ there a cat under the chair? A Are B Is C Has D Have ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是 there be 句型的疑問句。 14

Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?

A when the train will arrive B when the train arrived  C when did the train arrive D when does the train arrives ［答案］ A.

［析］ could 用于現在時疑問句表達了口氣的委婉，并不是過去時態。且賓語從句要用陳述語句。15

-＿＿＿ bad weather!

-Yes，But it's going to be fine soon，I think A How B What a C What an D What ［答案］ D.

［析］ weather 為不可數名詞。

16

-Could you tell me ＿＿＿ ?-Yes，They ＿＿＿ to the library A where are the twins，have been B where were the twins，have been  C where the twins are，have gone D where the twins were，have gone ［答案］ C.

［析］ have been to 是去過什么地方，而現在回來了。have gone to 是到某地去了，人現在不在這里。 17

Go and ＿＿＿ the TV quickly The volleyball match will begin right away． A turn off B turn down C turn up D turn on  ［答案］ D.

［析］ 這是個祈使句，它由 and 連接兩個動詞。注意詞組搭配的不同含義。18

Let's go for some tea，＿＿＿ ?

A shall we B will we C do we D don't we ［答案］ A.

［析］ Let's go …，shall we? Let us go …，will you?這是兩個特殊的反意疑問句。

19

Joan's short，＿＿＿ ?

A wasn't she B hasn't she C isn't she D doesn't she ［答案］ C.

［析］ 在此句中應視's為is，而不是 has 或 was。 20

I don't know ＿＿＿ to read the word． A which B what C whose D how ［答案］ D.

［析］ 因不定式 to read 中的 read 是及物動詞，已有自己的賓語 the word，所以應用疑問副詞 how。

21

He didn't go to school，＿＿＿ he was ill． A for B but C and D so ［答案］ A.

［析］ 這里是表示因果的關系，從句表示原因，所以用 for，放于句尾，且常常前面有一個逗號。so 引起的是結果狀語從句，如： He was only twelve，so he couldn't join the army 22

The young woman can hardly ride a bike，＿＿＿ she? A doesn't B does C can't D can ［答案］ D.

［析］ hardly 為否定詞，所以應視此句為否定句。其后的反意疑問句應用肯定句。 23

Tom never goes to the cinema on Sundays，＿＿＿ ? A does he B doesn't he C isn't he D is he ［答案］ A.

［析］ never 也是否定詞，所以應將句子看作否定句。 24

Mother said to him，“Don't ＿＿＿ on football．” A spend too much time B to spend too much time  C spend too many time D to spend too many time ［答案］ A.

［析］ time 作為“時間”講為不可數名詞，應用 much 來修飾。當作“次數”講是可數名詞，如 three times 三次，而 Don't … 這一句是祈使句的否定句。

25

Mr White，together with some Japanese friends，＿＿＿ visit our school this afternoon． A are going to B is going to C have D has ［答案］ B.

［析］ 句子的主語是Mr White，而together with … 是伴隨狀況，不影響句子的主語。 26

There is little water in the glass，＿＿＿ ? A is it B is there C isn't it D isn't there ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是 there be 句型的反意疑問句。

27

Ampere was thinking about a maths problem，＿＿＿ ? A didn't he B wasn't he C did he D is he ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這是進行時態的反意疑問句。

28

She had a good time yesterday，＿＿＿ she ? A wasn't B didn't C hasn't D isn't ［答案］ B.

［析］ had 這里是實意動詞而不是助動詞。

29

We'll make ＿＿＿ for you in the front of the car． A a room B room C rooms D some rooms ［答案］ B.

［析］ room 此處為不可數名詞，意為“地方，空間”。 30

Neither she nor I ＿＿＿ to the Great wall before． A has gone B have gone C have been D has been ［答案］ C.

［析］ 由neither … nor 連接兩個主語時，其謂語動詞應與相臨近的那個主語相呼應。 31

Help me collect these books，＿＿＿ ? A are you B will you C do you D shall you ［答案］ B.

［析］ 祈使句的反意疑問句應用 will you，而Let's go 例外，其反意疑問句為 shall we? 32

The number of deer，mountain lions and wild roses ＿＿＿ change much if people leave things as they are． A don't B doesn't C isn't D didn't ［答案］ B.

［析］ the number of 為“……的數量、數目”，所以謂語動詞用單數形式。而 a number of 要加復數名詞，其謂語動詞也用復數。 33

She's had breakfast，＿＿＿ ?

A is she B isn't she C hasn't she D has she  ［答案］ C.

［析］ 這里的's應視為 has 34

I wonder ＿＿＿ ．

A whose bicycle is it B it is whose bicycle C is it whose bicycle D whose bicycle it is ［答案］ D.

［析］ wonder 后的賓語從句應用陳述語序。 35

It is good for us ＿＿＿ morning exercises． A do B to do C did D done ［答案］ B.

［析］ 這里的 it 是形式主語，而真正的主語是不定式 to do … 36

Peter has sports very often，＿＿＿ ?

A does，Peter B doesn't he C doesn't Peter D does he  ［答案］ B.

［析］ has 這里是實意動詞，而主語為名詞時其反意疑問句中的主語要用代詞。37

Mr Black said，“Jenny，don't be late tomorrow” Mr Black told Jenny ＿＿＿ ．

A don't be late tomorrow

B didn't be late tomorrow  C not be late next morning

D not to be late the next day ［答案］ D.

［析］ tell 一般要加雙賓語，其間接賓語是 Jenny，直接賓語是不定式。而這里用的是不定式的否定形式。

38

Li Mei read the newspaper to the granny，＿＿＿ ? A does she B didn't she C did she D wasn't she ［答案］ B.

［析］ read這里是過去時態，因其主語是第三人稱單數，而 read 并未加 s 所以是過去時態。(read 的過去時與過去分詞都是 read，只不過讀音不同)