第一篇：一帶一路論壇關鍵詞中英對照

5月14日上午，“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇（Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation）在北京開幕，國家主席習近平出席開幕式并發表了主旨演講。

談古絲綢之路

▌2000多年前，我們的先輩篳路藍縷，穿越草原沙漠，開辟出聯通亞歐非的陸上絲綢之路；我們的先輩揚帆遠航，穿越驚濤駭浪，闖蕩出連接東西方的海上絲綢之路。

Over 2000 years ago, our ancestors, trekking across vast steppes and deserts, opened the transcontinental passage connecting Asia, Europe and Africa, known today as the Silk Road.Our ancestors, navigating rough seas, created sea routes linking the East with the West, namely, the maritime Silk Road.▌古絲綢之路綿亙萬里，延續千年，積淀了以和平合作、開放包容、互學互鑒、互利共贏為核心的絲路精神。這是人類文明的寶貴遺產。

Spanning thousands of miles and years, the ancient silk routes embody the spirit of peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit.The Silk Road spirit has become a great heritage of human civilization.談歷史與現實

▌從歷史維度看，人類社會正處在一個大發展大變革大調整時代。

From the historical perspective, humankind has reached an age of great progress, great transformation and profound changes.▌從現實維度看，我們正處在一個挑戰頻發的世界。和平赤字、發展赤字、治理赤字，是擺在全人類面前的嚴峻挑戰。這是我一直思考的問題。

In terms of reality, we find ourselves in a world fraught with challenges.Deficit in peace, development and governance poses a daunting challenge to mankind.This is the issue that has always been on my mind.談“一帶一路”4年成果

▌政策溝通不斷深化、設施聯通不斷加強、貿易暢通不斷提升、資金融通不斷擴大、民心相通不斷促進。

These four years have seen deepened policy connectivity, enhanced infrastructure connectivity, increased trade connectivity, expanded financial connectivity, and strengthened people-to-people connectivity.▌100多個國家和國際組織積極支持和參與“一帶一路”建設。

Over 100 countries and international organizations have supported and got involved in this initiative.談對“一帶一路”的寄望

▌我們要將“一帶一路”建成和平之路、繁榮之路、開放之路、創新之路。

We should build the Belt and Road into a road for peace, a road of prosperity, a road of opening up, a road of innovation.用數字說話

▌2014年至2016年，中國同“一帶一路”沿線國家貿易總額超過3萬億美元。中國對“一帶一路”沿線國家投資累計超過500億美元。

Total trade between China and other Belt and Road countries in 2014-2016 has exceeded US$3 trillion, and China's investment in these countries has surpassed US$50 billion.▌中國企業已經在20多個國家建設56個經貿合作區，為有關國家創造近11億美元稅收和18萬個就業崗位。

Chinese companies have set up 56 economic cooperation zones in over 20 countries, generating some US$1.1 billion of tax revenue and 180,000 jobs for them.▌亞洲基礎設施投資銀行已經為“一帶一路”建設參與國的9個項目提供17億美元貸款，“絲路基金”投資達40億美元。

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank has provided US$1.7 billion of loans for 9 projects in Belt and Road participating countries.The Silk Road Fund has made US$4 billion of investment.▌中國將加大對“一帶一路”建設資金支持，向絲路基金新增資金1000億元人民幣。

China will scale up financing support for the Belt and Road Initiative by contributing an additional RMB 100 billion to the Silk Road Fund.▌中國國家開發銀行、進出口銀行將分別提供2500億元和1300億元等值人民幣專項貸款，用于支持“一帶一路”基礎設施建設、產能、金融合作。

The China Development Bank and the Export-Import Bank of China will set up special lending schemes respectively worth RMB 250 billion equivalents and RMB 130 billion equivalents to support Belt and Road cooperation on infrastructure, industrial capacity and financing.▌本屆論壇期間，中國將同30多個國家簽署經貿合作協議，同有關國家協商自由貿易協定。

During this forum, China will sign business and trade cooperation agreements with over 30 countries and enter into consultation on free trade agreements with related countries.▌我們將在未來5年內安排2500人次青年科學家來華從事短期科研工作，培訓5000人次科學技術和管理人員，投入運行50家聯合實驗室。

In the coming five years, we will other 2,500 short-term research visits to China for young foreign scientists, train 5,000 foreign scientists, engineers and managers, and set up 50 joint laboratories.金句總結

1.這些開拓事業之所以名垂青史，是因為使用的不是戰馬和長矛，而是駝隊和善意；依靠的不是堅船和利炮，而是寶船和友誼。

These pioneers won their place in history not as conquerors with warships, guns or swords.Rather, they are remembered as friendly emissaries leading camel caravans and sailing treasure-loaded ships.2.歷史告訴我們：文明在開放中發展，民族在融合中共存。

This part of history shows that civilization thrives with openness and nations prosper through exchange.3.古絲綢之路見證了陸上“使者相望于道，商旅不絕于途”的盛況，也見證了海上“舶交海中，不知其數”的繁華。

The ancient silk routes witnessed the bustling scenes of visits and trade over land and ships calling at ports.Along these major arteries of interaction, capital, technology and people flowed freely, and goods, resources and benefits were widely shared.4.歷史是最好的老師。

History is our best teacher.5.發展是解決一切問題的總鑰匙。

Development holds the master key to solving all problems.6.開放帶來進步，封閉導致落后。對一個國家而言，開放如同破繭成蝶，雖會經歷一時陣痛，但將換來新生。

Opening up brings progress while isolation results in backwardness.For a country, opening up is like the struggle of a chrysalis breaking free from its cacoon.There will be short-term pains, but such pains will create a new life.7.“一帶一路”建設要以文明交流超越文明隔閡、文明互鑒超越文明沖突、文明共存超越文明優越，推動各國相互理解、相互尊重、相互信任。

In pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative, we should ensure that when it comes to different civilizations, exchange will replace estrangement, mutual learning will replace clashes, and coexistence will replace a sense of superiority.This will boost mutual understanding, mutual respect and mutual trust among different countries.8.“一帶一路”建設將由大家共同商量，“一帶一路”建設成果將由大家共同分享。

The pursuit of this initiative is based on extensive consultation and its benefits will be shared by us all.引經據典

?孟夏之日，萬物并秀。

In this lovely season of early Summer when every living thing is full of energy.?群賢畢至，少長咸集。

This is indeed a gathering of great minds.?桃李不言，下自成蹊。

Peaches and plums do not speak, but they are so attractive that a path is formed below the trees.?使者相望于道，商旅不絕于途。

The bustling scenes of visits and trade over land and ships calling at ports.?道路通，百業興。

Building roads and railways creates prosperity in all sectors.?國之交在于民相親，民相親在于心相通。

Friendship, which derives from close contact between the people, holds the key to sound state-to-state relations.?萬事開頭難。

The beginning is the most difficult part.?不積跬步，無以至千里。

A long journey can be covered only by taking one step at a time.?金字塔是一塊塊石頭壘成的。

The Pyramid was built by piling one stone on another.?偉業非一日之功。

Rome wasn't built in a day.

第二篇：一路一帶論壇

一帶一路論壇達成270多項成果（清單）

2017年05月16日00:39 新華網 116微博微信QQ空間添加喜愛

新華社北京5月15日電 “一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇成果清單

中國國家主席習近平在2013年提出共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的重要合作倡議。3年多來，“一帶一路”建設進展順利，成果豐碩，受到國際社會的廣泛歡迎和高度評價。2017年5月14日至15日，中國在北京主辦“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇。這是各方共商、共建“一帶一路”，共享互利合作成果的國際盛會，也是加強國際合作，對接彼此發展戰略的重要合作平臺。高峰論壇期間及前夕，各國政府、地方、企業等達成一系列合作共識、重要舉措及務實成果，中方對其中具有代表性的一些成果進行了梳理和匯總，形成高峰論壇成果清單。清單主要涵蓋政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通5大類，共76大項、270多項具體成果。

一、推進戰略對接，密切政策溝通

（一）中國政府與有關國家政府簽署政府間“一帶一路”合作諒解備忘錄，包括蒙古國、巴基斯坦、尼泊爾、克羅地亞、黑山、波黑、阿爾巴尼亞、東帝汶、新加坡、緬甸、馬來西亞。

（二）中國政府與有關國際組織簽署“一帶一路”合作文件，包括聯合國開發計劃署、聯合國工業發展組織、聯合國人類住區規劃署、聯合國兒童基金會、聯合國人口基金、聯合國貿易與發展會議、世界衛生組織、世界知識產權組織、國際刑警組織。

（三）中國政府與匈牙利政府簽署關于共同編制中匈合作規劃綱要的諒解備忘錄，與老撾、柬埔寨政府簽署共建“一帶一路”政府間雙邊合作規劃。

（四）中國政府部門與有關國際組織簽署“一帶一路”合作文件，包括聯合國歐洲經濟委員會、世界經濟論壇、國際道路運輸聯盟、國際貿易中心、國際電信聯盟、國際民航組織、聯合國文明聯盟、國際發展法律組織、世界氣象組織、國際海事組織。

（五）中國國家發展和改革委員會與希臘經濟發展部簽署《中希重點領域2017－2019年合作計劃》。

（六）中國國家發展和改革委員會與捷克工業和貿易部簽署關于共同協調推進“一帶一路”倡議框架下合作規劃及項目實施的諒解備忘錄。

（七）中國財政部與相關國家財政部共同核準《“一帶一路”融資指導原則》。

（八）中國政府有關部門發布《共建“一帶一路”：理念、實踐與中國的貢獻》、《推動“一帶一路”能源合作的愿景與行動》、《共同推進“一帶一路”建設農業合作的愿景與行動》、《關于推進綠色“一帶一路”建設的指導意見》、《“一帶一路”建設海上合作設想》等文件。

（九）“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇將定期舉辦，并成立論壇咨詢委員會、論壇聯絡辦公室等。

（十）中國國家發展和改革委員會成立“一帶一路”建設促進中心，正式開通“一帶一路”官方網站，發布海上絲路貿易指數。

二、深化項目合作，促進設施聯通

（一）中國政府與烏茲別克斯坦、土耳其、白俄羅斯政府簽署國際運輸及戰略對接協定。

（二）中國政府與泰國政府簽署政府間和平利用核能協定。

（三）中國政府與馬來西亞政府簽署水資源領域諒解備忘錄。

（四）中國國家發展和改革委員會與巴基斯坦規劃發展和改革部簽署關于中巴經濟走廊項下開展巴基斯坦1號鐵路干線升級改造和新建哈維連陸港項目合作的諒解備忘錄。中國國家鐵路局與巴基斯坦伊斯蘭共和國鐵道部簽署關于實施巴基斯坦1號鐵路干線升級改造和哈維連陸港項目建設的框架協議。

（五）中國商務部與柬埔寨公共工程與運輸部簽署關于加強基礎設施領域合作的諒解備忘錄。

（六）中國工業和信息化部與阿富汗通信和信息技術部簽署《信息技術合作諒解備忘錄》。

（七）中國交通運輸部與柬埔寨、巴基斯坦、緬甸等國有關部門簽署“一帶一路”交通運輸領域合作文件。

（八）中國水利部與波蘭環境部簽署水資源領域合作諒解備忘錄。

（九）中國國家能源局與瑞士環境、交通、能源和電信部瑞士聯邦能源辦公室簽署能源合作路線圖，與巴基斯坦水電部簽署關于巴沙項目及巴基斯坦北部水電規劃研究路線圖的諒解備忘錄和關于中巴經濟走廊能源項目清單調整的協議。

（十）中國國家海洋局與柬埔寨環境部簽署關于建立中柬聯合海洋觀測站的議定書。

（十一）中國鐵路總公司與有關國家鐵路公司簽署《中國、白俄羅斯、德國、哈薩克斯坦、蒙古國、波蘭、俄羅斯鐵路關于深化中歐班列合作協議》。

（十二）中國國家開發銀行與印度尼西亞－中國高鐵有限公司簽署雅萬高鐵項目融資協議，與斯里蘭卡、巴基斯坦、老撾、埃及等國有關機構簽署港口、電力、工業園區等領域基礎設施融資合作協議。

第三篇：一帶一路(雙語中英對照)

“一帶一路”規劃（雙語全文）

Action plan on the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative 國家發展改革委、外交部、商務部28日聯合發布了《推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》。全文如下：

The following is the full text of an action plan on the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative issued by the National Development and Reform Commission, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China, with State Council authorization, on Saturday.國家發展改革委 外交部 商務部（經國務院授權發布）2015年3月

推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動

Vision and proposed actions outlined on jointly building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road 前言 Preface 2000多年前，亞歐大陸上勤勞勇敢的人民，探索出多條連接亞歐非幾大文明的貿易和人文交流通路，后人將其統稱為“絲綢之路”。千百年來，“和平合作、開放包容、互學互鑒、互利共贏”的絲綢之路精神薪火相傳，推進了人類文明進步，是促進沿線各國繁榮發展的重要紐帶，是東西方交流合作的象征，是世界各國共有的歷史文化遺產。

More than two millennia ago the diligent and courageous people of Eurasia explored and opened up several routes of trade and cultural exchanges that linked the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, collectively called the Silk Road by later generations.For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirithas been passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road.Symbolizing

communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.進入21世紀，在以和平、發展、合作、共贏為主題的新時代，面對復蘇乏力的全

濟繁榮與區域經濟合作，加強不同文明交流互鑒，促進世界和平發展，是一項造福世界各國人民的偉大事業。

When Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia in Septe球經濟形勢，紛繁復雜的國際和地區局面，mber and October of 2013, he raised the ini傳承和弘揚絲綢之路精神更顯重要和珍貴。

In the 21st century, a new era marked by the theme of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, it is all the more important for us to carry on the Silk Road Spirit in face of the weak recovery of the global economy, and complex international and regional situations.2013年9月和10月，中國國家主席習近平在出訪中亞和東南亞國家期間，先后提出共建“絲綢之路經濟帶”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”（以下簡稱“一帶一路”）的重大倡議，得到國際社會高度關注。中國國務院總理李克強參加2013年中國－東盟博覽會時強調，鋪就面向東盟的海上絲綢之路，打造帶動腹地發展的戰略支點。加快“一帶一路”建設，有利于促進沿線各國經

tiative of jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road(hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road), which have attracted close attentionfrom all over the world.At the China-ASEAN Expo in 2013, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang emphasized the need to build the Maritime Silk Road oriented toward ASEAN, and to create strategic propellers for hinterland development.Accelerating the building of the Belt and Road can help promote the economic prosperity of the countries along the Belt and Road and regional economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations, and promote world peace and development.It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world.“一帶一路”建設是一項系統工程，要堅持共商、共建、共享原則，積極推進沿線國家發展戰略的相互對接。為推進實施“一帶一路”重大倡議，讓古絲綢之路煥發新的生機活力，以新的形式使亞歐非各國聯系更加緊密，互利合作邁向新的歷史高度，中國政府特制定并發布《推動共建絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的愿景與行動》。

The Belt and Road Initiative is a systematic project, which should be jointly built through consultation to meet the interests of all, and efforts should be made to integrate the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road.The Chinese government has drafted and published the Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to promote the implementation of the Initiative, instill vigor and vitality into the ancient Silk Road, connect Asian, European and African countries more closely and promote mutually beneficial cooperation to a new high and in new forms

.一、時代背景 I.Background

當今世界正發生復雜深刻的變化，國際金融危機深層次影響繼續顯現，世界經濟緩慢復蘇、發展分化，國際投資貿易格局和多邊投資貿易規則醞釀深刻調整，各國面臨的發展問題依然嚴峻。共建“一帶一路”順應世界多極化、經濟全球化、文化多樣化、社會信息化的潮流，秉持開放的區域合作精神，致力于維護全球自由貿易體系和開放型世界經濟。共建“一帶一路”旨在促進經濟要素有序自由流動、資源高效配置和市場深度融合，推動沿線各國實現經濟政策協調，開展更大范圍、更高水平、更深層次的區域合作，共同打造開放、包容、均衡、普惠的區域經濟合作架構。共建“一帶一路”符合國際社會的根本利益，彰顯人類社會共同理想和美好追求，是國際合作以及全球治理新模式的積極探索，將為世界和平發展增添新的正能量。Complex and profound changes are taking place in the world.The underlying impact of the international financial crisis keeps emerging;the world economy is recovering slowly, and global development is uneven;the international trade and investment landscape and rules for multilateral trade and investment are undergoing major adjustments;and countries still face big challenges to their development.The initiative to jointly build the Belt and Road, embracing the trend toward a multipolar world, economic globalization, cultural diversity and greater IT application, is designed to uphold the global free trade regime and the open world economy in the spirit of open regional cooperation.It is aimed at promoting orderly and free flow of economic factors, highly efficient allocation of resources and deep integration of markets;encouraging the countries along the Belt and Road to achieve economic policy coordination and carry out broader and more in-depth regional cooperation of higher standards;and jointly creating an open, inclusive and balanced regional economic cooperation architecture that benefits all.Jointly building the Belt and Road is in the interests of the world community.Reflecting the common ideals an

d pursuit of human societies, it is a positive endeavor to seek new models of international cooperation and global governance, and will inject new positive energy into world peace and development.共建“一帶一路”致力于亞歐非大陸及附近海洋的互聯互通，建立和加強沿線各國互聯互通伙伴關系，構建全方位、多層次、復合型的互聯互通網絡，實現沿線各國多元、自主、平衡、可持續的發展。“一帶一路”的互聯互通項目將推動沿線各國發展戰略的對接與耦合，發掘區域內市場的潛力，促進投資和消費，創造需求和就業，增進沿線各國人民的人文交流與文明互鑒，讓各國人民相逢相知、互信互敬，共享和諧、安寧、富裕的生活。The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote the connectivity of Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent seas, establish and strengthen partnerships among the countries along the Belt and Road, set up all-dimensional, multitiered and composite connectivity networks, and realize diversified, independent, balanced and sustainable development in these countries.The connectivity projects of the Initiative will help align and coordinate the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road, tap market potential in this region, promote investment and consumption, create demands and job opportunities, enhance people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and mutual learning among the peoples of the relevant countries, and enable them to understand, trust and respect each other and live in harmony, peace and prosperity.當前，中國經濟和世界經濟高度關聯。中國將一以貫之地堅持對外開放的基本國策，構建全方位開放新格局，深度融入世界經濟體系。推進“一帶一路”建設既是中國擴大和深化對外開放的需要，也是加強和亞歐非及世界各國互利合作的需要，中國愿意在力所能及的范圍內承擔更多責任義務，為人類和平發展作出更大的貢獻。China's economy is closely connected with the world economy.China will stay committed to the basic policy of opening-up, build a new pattern of all-around opening-up, and integrate itself deeper into the world economic system.The Initiative will enable China to further expand and deepen its opening-up, and to strengthen its mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia, Europe and Africa and the rest of the world.China is committed to shouldering more responsibilities and

obligations within its capabilities, and making greater contributions to the peace and development of mankind.二、共建原則 II.Principles

恪守聯合國憲章的宗旨和原則。遵守和平共處五項原則，即尊重各國主權和領土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉內政、和平共處、平等互利。

The Belt and Road Initiative is in line with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter.It upholds the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: mutual respect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual nonaggression, mutual noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.堅持開放合作?！耙粠б宦贰毕嚓P的國家基于但不限于古代絲綢之路的范圍，各國和國際、地區組織均可參與，讓共建成果惠及更廣泛的區域。

The Initiative is open for cooperation.It covers, but is not limited to, the area of the ancient Silk Road.It is open to all countries, and international and regional organizations for engagement, so that the results of the concerted efforts will benefit wider areas.堅持和諧包容。倡導文明寬容，尊重各國發展道路和模式的選擇，加強不同文明之間的對話，求同存異、兼容并蓄、和平共處、共生共榮。

The Initiative is harmonious and inclusive.It advocates tolerance among civilizations, respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries, and supports dialogues among different civilizations on the principles of seeking common ground while shelving differences and dra

wing on each other's strengths, so that all countries can coexist in peace for common prosperity.堅持市場運作。遵循市場規律和國際通行規則，充分發揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用和各類企業的主體作用，同時發揮好政府的作用。

The Initiative follows market operation.It will abide by market rules and international norms, give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the primary role of enterprises, and let the governments perform their due functions.堅持互利共贏。兼顧各方利益和關切，尋求利益契合點和合作最大公約數，體現各方智慧和創意，各施所長，各盡所能，把各方優勢和潛力充分發揮出來。The Initiative seeks mutual benefit.It accommodates the interests and concerns of all parties involved, and seeks a conjunction of interests and the “biggest common denominator” for cooperation so as to give full play to the wisdom and creativity, strengths and potentials of all parties.三、框架思路 III.Framework “一帶一路”是促進共同發展、實現共同繁榮的合作共贏之路，是增進理解信任、加強全方位交流的和平友誼之路。中國政府倡議，秉持和平合作、開放包容、互學互鑒、互利共贏的理念，全方位推進務實合作，打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、命運共同體和責任共同體。

The Belt and Road Initiative is a way for win-win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity and a road toward peace and friendship by enhancing mutual understanding and trust, and strengthening all-around exchanges.The Chinese government advocates peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit.It promotes practical cooperation in all fields, and works to build a community of shared interests, destiny and responsibility featuring mutual political trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness.“一帶一路”貫穿亞歐非大陸，一頭是活躍的東亞經濟圈，一頭是發達的歐洲經濟圈，中間廣大腹地國家經濟發展潛力巨大。絲綢之路經濟帶重點暢通中國經中亞、俄羅斯至歐洲（波羅的海）；中國經中亞、西亞至波斯灣、地中海；中國至東南亞、南亞、印度洋。21世紀海上絲綢之路重點方向是從中國沿海港口過南海到印度洋，延伸至歐洲；從中國沿海港口過南海到南太平洋。

The Belt and Road run through the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, connecting the vibrant East Asia economic circle at one end and developed European economic circle at the other, and

encompassing countries with huge potential for economic development.The Silk Road Economic Belt focuses on bringing together China, Central Asia, Russia and Europe(the Baltic);linking China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea through Central Asia and West Asia;and connecting China with Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean.The 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road is designed to go

from China's coast to Europe through the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean in one route, and from China's coast through the South China Sea to the South Pacific in the other.根據“一帶一路”走向，陸上依托國際大通道，以沿線中心城市為支撐，以重點經貿產業園區為合作平臺，共同打造新亞歐大陸橋、中蒙俄、中國－中亞－西亞、中國－中南半島等國際經濟合作走廊；海上以重點港口為節點，共同建設通暢安全高效的運輸大通道。中巴、孟中印緬兩個經濟走廊與推進“一帶一路”建設關聯緊密，要進一步推動合作，取得更大進展。On land, the Initiative will focus on jointly building a new Eurasian Land Bridge and developing China-Mongolia-Russia, China-Central Asia-West Asia and China-Indochina Peninsula economic corridors by taking advantage of international transport routes, relying on core cities along the Belt and Road and using key economic industrial parks as cooperation platforms.At sea, the Initiative will focus on jointly building smooth, secure and efficient transpor

t routes connecting major sea ports along the Belt and Road.The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the

Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor are closely related to the Belt and Road Initiative, and therefore require closer cooperation and greater progress.“一帶一路”建設是沿線各國開放合作的宏大經濟愿景，需各國攜手努力，朝著互利互惠、共同安全的目標相向而行。努力實現區域基礎設施更加完善，安全高效的陸?？胀ǖ谰W絡基本形成，互聯互通達到新水平；投資貿易便利化水平進一步提升，高標準自由貿易區網絡基本形成，經濟聯系更加緊密，政治互信更加深入；人文交流更加廣泛深入，不同文明互鑒共榮，各國人民相知相交、和平友好。

The Initiative is an ambitious economic vision of the opening-up of and cooperation among the countries along the Belt and Road.Countries should work in concert and move toward the objectives of mutual benefit and common security.To be specific, they need to improve the region's infrastructure, and put in place a secure and efficient network of land, sea and air passages, lifting their connectivity to a higher level;further enhance trade and investment facilitation, establish a network of free trade areas that meet high standards, maintain closer economic ties, and deepen political trust;enhance cultural exchanges;encourage different civilizations to learn from each other and flourish together;and promote mutual understanding, peace and friendship among people of all countries.四、合作重點

IV.Cooperation Priorities 沿線各國資源稟賦各異，經濟互補性較強，彼此合作潛力和空間很大。以政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通為主要內容，重點在以下方面加強合作。

Countries along the Belt and Road have their own resource advantages and their economies are mutually complementary.Therefore, there is a great potential and space for cooperation.They should promote policy co

ordination, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds as their five major goals, and strengthen cooperation in the following key areas: 政策溝通。Policy coordination

加強政策溝通是“一帶一路”建設的重要保障。加強政府間合作，積極構建多層次政府間宏觀政策溝通交流機制，深化利益融合，促進政治互信，達成合作新共識。沿線各國可以就經濟發展戰略和對策進行

充分交流對接，共同制定推進區域合作的規劃和措施，協商解決合作中的問題，共同為務實合作及大型項目實施提供政策

支持。Enhancing policy coordination is an important guarantee for implementing the Initiative.We should promote intergovernmental cooperation, build a multilevel intergovernmental macro policy exchange and communication mechanism, expand shared interests, enhance mutual political trust, and reach new cooperation consensus.Countries along the Belt and Road may fully coordinate their economic development strategies and policies, work out plans and measures for regional cooperation, negotiate to solve cooperation-related issues, and jointly provide policy support for the implementation of practical cooperation and large-scale projects.設施聯通。Facilities connectivity 基礎設施互聯互通是“一帶一路”建設的優先領域。在尊重相關國家主權和安全關切的基礎上，沿線國家宜加強基礎設施建設規劃、技術標準體系的對接，共同推進國際骨干通道建設，逐步形成連接亞洲各次區域以及亞歐非之間的基礎設施網絡。強化基礎設施綠色低碳化建設和運營管理，在建設中充分考慮氣候變化影響。Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Initiative.On the basis of respecting each other's sovereignty and security concerns, countries along the Belt and Road should improve the connectivity of their infrastructure construction plans and technical standard systems, jointly push forward the construction

of international trunk passageways, and form an infrastructure network connecting all subregions in Asia, and between Asia, Europe and Africa step by step.At the same time, efforts should be made to promote green and low-carbon infrastructure construction and operation management, taking into full account the impact of climate change on the construction.抓住交通基礎設施的關鍵通道、關鍵節點和重點工程，優先打通缺失路段，暢通瓶頸路段，配套完善道路安全防護設施和交通管理設施設備，提升道路通達水平。推進建立統一的全程運輸協調機制，促進國際通關、換裝、多式聯運有機銜接，逐步形成兼容規范的運輸規則，實現國際運輸便利化。推動口岸基礎設施建設，暢通陸水聯運通道，推進港口合作建設，增加海上航線和班次，加強海上物流信息化合作。拓展建立民航全面合作的平臺和機制，加快提升航空基礎設施水平。

With regard to transport infrastructure construction, we should focus on the key passageways, junctions and projects, and give priority to linking up unconnected road sections, removing transport bottlenecks, advancing road safety facilities and traffic management facilities and equipment, and improving road network connectivity.We should build a unified coordination mechanism for whole-course transportation, increase connectivity of customs clearance, reloading and multimodal transport between countries, and gradually formulate compatible and standard transport rules, so as to realize international transport facilitation.We should push forward port infrastructure construction, build smooth land-water transportation channels, and advance port cooperation;increase sea routes and the number of voyages, and enhance information technology cooperation in maritime logistics.We should expand and build platforms and mechanisms for comprehensive civil aviation cooperation, and quicken our pace in improving aviation infrastructure.加強能源基礎設施互聯互通合作，共同維

護輸油、輸氣管道等運輸通道安全，推進跨境電力與輸電通道建設，積極開展區域電網升級改造合作。

We should promote cooperation in the connectivity of energy infrastructure, work in concert to ensure the security of oil and gas pipelines and other transport routes, build cross-border power supply networks and power-transmission routes, and cooperate in regional power grid upgrading and transformation.共同推進跨境光纜等通信干線網絡建設，提高國際通信互聯互通水平，暢通信息絲綢之路。加快推進雙邊跨境光纜等建設，規劃建設洲際海底光纜項目，完善空中（衛星）信息通道，擴大信息交流與合作。We should jointly advance the construction of cross-border optical cables and other communications trunk line networks, improve international communications connectivity, and create an Information Silk Road.We should build bilateral cross-border optical cable networks at a quicker pace, plan transcontinental submarine optical cable projects, and improve spatial(satellite)information passageways to expand information exchanges and cooperation.貿易暢通。Unimpeded trade 投資貿易合作是“一帶一路”建設的重點內容。宜著力研究解決投資貿易便利化問題，消除投資和貿易壁壘，構建區域內和各國良好的營商環境，積極同沿線國家和地區共同商建自由貿易區，激發釋放合作潛力，做大做好合作“蛋糕”。

Investment and trade cooperation is a major task in building the Belt and Road.We should strive to improve investment and trade facilitation, and remove investment and trade barriers for the creation of a sound business environment within the region and in all related countries.We will discuss with countries and regions along the Belt and Road on opening free trade areas so as to unleash the potential for expanded cooperation.沿線國家宜加強信息互換、監管互認、執

法互助的海關合作，以及檢驗檢疫、認證認可、標準計量、統計信息等方面的雙多邊合作，推動世界貿易組織《貿易便利化協定》生效和實施。改善邊境口岸通關設施條件，加快邊境口岸“單一窗口”建設，降低通關成本，提升通關能力。加強供應

鏈安全與便利化合作，推進跨境監管程序協調，推動檢驗檢疫證書國際互聯網核查，開展“經認證的經營者”（AEO）互認。降低

非關稅壁壘，共同提高技術性貿易措施透明度，提高貿易自由化便利化水平。Countries along the Belt and Road should enhance customs cooperation such as information exchange, mutual recognition of regulations, and mutual assistance in law enforcement;improve bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fields of inspection and quarantine, certification and accreditation, standard measurement, and statistical information;and work to ensure that the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement takes effect and is implemented.We should improve the customs clearance facilities of border ports, establish a “single-window” in border ports, reduce customs clearance costs, and improve customs clearance capability.We should increase cooperation in supply chain safety and convenience, improve the coordination of cross-border supervision procedures, promote online checking of inspection and quarantine certificates, and facilitate mutual recognition of Authorized Economic Operators.We should lower non-tariff barriers, jointly improve the transparency of technical trade measures, and enhance trade liberalization and facilitation.拓寬貿易領域，優化貿易結構，挖掘貿易新增長點，促進貿易平衡。創新貿易方式，發展跨境電子商務等新的商業業態。建立健全服務貿易促進體系，鞏固和擴大傳統貿易，大力發展現代服務貿易。把投資和貿易有機結合起來，以投資帶動貿易發展。

We should expand trading areas, improve trade structure, explore new growth areas of trade, and promote trade balance.We should make innovations in our forms of trade, and develop cross-border e-commerce and o

ther modern business models.A service trade support system should be set up to consolidate and expand conventional trade, and efforts to develop modern service trade should be strengthened.We should integrate investment and trade, and promote trade through investment.加快投資便利化進程，消除投資壁壘。加強雙邊投資保護協定、避免雙重征稅協定磋商，保護投資者的合法

權

益。We should speed up investment facilitation, eliminate investment barriers, and push forward negotiations on bilateral investment protection agreements and double taxation avoidance agreements to protect the lawful rights and interests of investors.拓展相互投資領域，開展農林牧漁業、農機及農產品生產加工等領域深度合作，積極推進海水養殖、遠洋漁業、水產品加工、海水淡化、海洋生物制藥、海洋工程技術、環保產業和海上旅游等領域合作。加大煤炭、油氣、金屬礦產等傳統能源資源勘探開發合作，積極推動水電、核電、風電、太陽能等清潔、可再生能源合作，推進能源資源就地就近加工轉化合作，形成能源資源合作上下游一體化產業鏈。加強能源資源深加工技術、裝備與工程服務合作。We should expand mutual investment areas, deepen cooperation in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, agricultural machinery manufacturing and farm produce processing, and promote cooperation in marine-product farming, deep-sea fishing, aquatic product processing, seawater desalination, marine biopharmacy, ocean engineering technology, environmental protection industries, marine tourism and other fields.We should increase cooperation in the exploration and development of coal, oil, gas, metal minerals and other conventional energy sources;advance cooperation in hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, solar power and other clean, renewable energy sources;and promote cooperation in the processing and conversion of energy and resources at or near places where they are exploited, so a

s to create an integrated industrial chain of energy and resource cooperation.We should enhance cooperation in deep-processing technology, equipment and engineering services in the fields of energy and resources.推動新興產業合作，按照優勢互補、互利共贏的原則，促進沿線國家加強在新一代信息技術、生物、新能源、新材料等新興產業領域的深入合作，推動建立創業投資合作機制。

We should push forward cooperation in emerging industries.In accordance with the principles of mutual complementarity and mutual benefit, we should promote in-depth cooperation with other countries along the Belt and Road in new-generation information technology, biotechnology, new energy technology, new materials and other emerging industries, and establish entrepreneurial and investment cooperation mechanisms.優化產業鏈分工布局，推動上下游產業鏈和關聯產業協同發展，鼓勵建立研發、生產和營銷體系，提升區域產業配套能力和綜合競爭力。擴大服務業相互開放，推動區域服務業加快發展。探索投資合作新模式，鼓勵合作建設境外經貿合作區、跨境經濟合作區等各類產業園區，促進產業集

ogical progress in conducting investment and trade, increase cooperation in conserving eco-environment, protecting biodiversity, and tackling climate change, and join 群發展。在投資貿易中突出生態文明理念，hands to make the Silk Road an environ加強生態環境、生物多樣性和應對氣候變化合作，共建綠色絲綢之路。

We should improve the division of labor and distribution of industrial chains by encouraging the entire industrial chain and related industries to develop in concert;establish R&D, production and marketing systems;and improve industrial supporting capacity and the overall competitiveness of regional industries.We should increase the openness of our service industry to each other to accelerate the development of regional service industries.We should explore a new mode of investment cooperation, working together to build all forms of industrial parks such as overseas economic and trade cooperation zones and cross-border economic cooperation zones, and promote industrial cluster development.We should promote ecol

ment-friendly one.中國歡迎各國企業來華投資。鼓勵本國企業參與沿線國家基礎設施建設和產業投資。促進企業按屬地化原則經營管理，積極幫助當地發展經濟、增加就業、改善民生，主動承擔社會責任，嚴格保護生物多樣

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態

環

境。We welcome companies from all countries to invest in China, and encourage Chinese enterprises to participate in infrastructure construction in other countries along the Belt and Road, and make industrial investments there.We support localized operation and management of Chinese companies to boost the local economy, increase local employment, improve local livelihoods, and take social responsibilities in protecting local biodiversity and eco-environment.資金融通。Financial integration 資金融通是“一帶一路”建設的重要支撐。深化金融合作，推進亞洲貨幣穩定體系、投融資體系和信用體系建設。擴大沿線國家雙邊本幣互換、結算的范圍和規模。推動亞洲債券市場的開放和發展。共同推進亞洲基礎設施投資銀行、金磚國家開發銀行籌建，有關各方就建立上海合作組織融資機構開展磋商。加快絲路基金組建運營。深化中國－東盟銀行聯合體、上合組織銀行聯合體務實合作，以銀團貸款、銀行授信等方式開展多邊金融合作。支持沿線國家政府和信用等級較高的企業以及金融機構在中國境內發行人民幣債券。符合條件的中國境內金融機構和企業可以在境外發行人民幣債券和外幣債券，鼓勵在沿線國家使用所籌資金。

Financial integration is an important underpinning for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative.We should deepen financial cooperation, and make more efforts in building a currency stability system, investment and financing system and credit information system in Asia.We should exp

and the scope and scale of bilateral currency swap and settlement with other countries along the Belt and Road, open and develop the bond market in Asia, make joint efforts to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and BRICS New Development Bank, conduct negotiation among related parties on establishing Shanghai Coope

ration Organization(SCO)financing institution, and set up and put into operation the Silk Road Fund as early as possible.We should strengthen practical cooperation of China-ASEAN Interbank Association and SCO Interbank Association, and carry out multilateral financial cooperation in the form of syndicated loans and bank credit.We will support the efforts of governments of the countries along the Belt and Road and their companies and financial institutions with good credit-rating to issue Renminbi bonds in China.Qualified Chinese financial institutions and companies are encouraged to issue bonds in both Renminbi and foreign currencies outside China, and use the funds thus collected in countries along the Belt and Road.加強金融監管合作，推動簽署雙邊監管合作諒解備忘錄，逐步在區域內建立高效監管協調機制。完善風險應對和危機處置制度安排，構建區域性金融風險預警系統，形成應對跨境風險和危機處置的交流合作機制。加強征信管理部門、征信機構和評級機構之間的跨境交流與合作。充分發揮絲路基金以及各國主權基金作用，引導商業性股權投資基金和社會資金共同參與“一帶一路”重點項目建設。

We should strengthen financial regulation cooperation, encourage the signing of MOUs on cooperation in bilateral financial regulation, and establish an efficient regulation coordination mechanism in the region.We should improve the system of risk response and crisis management, build a regional financial risk early-warning system, and create an exchange and cooperation mechanism of addressing cross-border risks and crisis.We should increase cross-border exchange and c

ooperation between credit investigation regulators, credit investigation institutions and credit rating institutions.We should give full play to the role of the Silk Road Fund and that of sovereign wealth funds of countries along the Belt and Road, and encourage commercial equity investment funds and private funds to participate in the construction of key projects of the Initiative.民心相通。People-to-people bond

民心相通是“一帶一路”建設的社會根基。傳承和弘揚絲綢之路友好合作精神，廣泛開展文化交流、學術往來、人才交流合作、媒體合作、青年和婦女交往、志愿者服務等，為深化雙多邊合作奠定堅實的民意基礎。People-to-people bond provides the public support for implementing the Initiative.We should carry forward the spirit of friendly cooperation of the Silk Road by promoting extensive cultural and academic exchanges, personnel exchanges and cooperation, media cooperation, youth and women exchanges and volunteer services, so as to win public support for deepening bilateral and multilateral cooperation.擴大相互間留學生規模，開展合作辦學，中國每年向沿線國家提供1萬個政府獎學金名額。沿線國家間互辦文化年、藝術節、電影節、電視周和圖書展等活動，合作開展廣播影視劇精品創作及翻譯，聯合申請世界文化遺產，共同開展世界遺產的聯合保護工作。深化沿線國家間人才交流合作。

We should send more students to each other's countries, and promote cooperation in jointly running schools.China provides 10,000 government scholarships to the countries along the Belt and Road every year.We should hold culture years, arts festivals, film festivals, TV weeks and book fairs in each other's countries;cooperate on the production and translation of fine films, radio and TV programs;and jointly apply for and protect World Cultural Heritage sites.We should also increase personnel exchange and cooperation between countries along the Belt and Road.加強旅游合作，擴大旅游規模，互辦旅游推廣周、宣傳月等活動，聯合打造具有絲綢之路特色的國際精品旅游線路和旅游產品，提高沿線各國游客簽證便利化水平。推動21世紀海上絲綢之路郵輪旅游合作。積極開展體育交流活動，支持沿線國家申辦重大國際體育賽事。

We should enhance cooperation in and expand the scale of tourism;hold tourism promotion weeks and publicity months in each other's countries;jointly create competitive international tourist routes and products with Silk Road features;and make it more convenient to apply for tourist visa in countries along the Belt and Road.We should push forward cooperation on the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road cruise tourism program.We should carry out sports exchanges and support countries along the Belt and Road in their bid for hosting major international sports events.強化與周邊國家在傳染病疫情信息溝通、防治技術交流、專業人才培養等方面的合作，提高合作處理突發公共衛生事件的能力。為有關國家提供醫療援助和應急醫療救助，在婦幼健康、殘疾人康復以及艾滋病、結核、瘧疾等主要傳染病領域開展務實合作，擴大在傳統醫藥領域的合作。We should strengthen cooperation with neighboring countries on epidemic information sharing, the exchange of prevention and treatment technologies and the training of medical professionals, and improve our capability to jointly address public health emergencies.We will provide medical assistance and emergency medical aid to relevant countries, and carry out practical cooperation in maternal and child health, disability rehabilitation, and major infectious diseases including AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria.We will also expand cooperation on traditional medicine.加強科技合作，共建聯合實驗室（研究中心）、國際技術轉移中心、海上合作中心，促進科技人員交流，合作開展重大科技攻關，共同提升科技創新能力。We should increase our cooperation in science and technology, establish joint labs(or

research centers), international technology transfer centers and maritime cooperation centers, promote sci-tech personnel exchanges, cooperate in tackling key sci-tech problems, and work together to improve sci-tech innovation capability.整合現有資源，積極開拓和推進與沿線國家在青年就業、創業培訓、職業技能開發、社會保障管理服務、公共行政管理等共同關心領域的務實合作。

We should integrate existing resources to expand and advance practical cooperation between countries along the Belt and Road on youth employment, entrepreneurship training, vocational skill development, social security management, public administration and management and in other areas of common interest.充分發揮政黨、議會交往的橋梁作用，加強沿線國家之間立法機構、主要黨派和政治組織的友好往來。開展城市交流合作，歡迎沿線國家重要城市之間互結友好城市，以人文交流為重點，突出務實合作，形成更多鮮活的合作范例。歡迎沿線國家智庫之間開展聯合研究、合作舉辦論壇等。

We should give full play to the bridging role of communication between political parties and parliaments, and promote friendly exchanges between legislative bodies, major political parties and political organizations of countries along the Belt and Road.We should carry out exchanges and cooperation among cities, encourage major cities in these countries to become sister cities, focus on promoting practical cooperation, particularly cultural and people-to-people exchanges, and create more lively examples of cooperation.We welcome the think tanks in the countries along the Belt and Road to jointly conduct research and hold forums.加強沿線國家民間組織的交流合作，重點面向基層民眾，廣泛開展教育醫療、減貧開發、生物多樣性和生態環保等各類公益慈善活動，促進沿線貧困地區生產生活條件改善。加強文化傳媒的國際交流合作，積極利用網絡平臺，運用新媒體工具，塑造和諧友好的文化生態和輿論環境。

We should increase exchanges and cooperation between nongovernmental organizations of countries along the Belt and Road, organize public interest activities concerning education, healthcare, poverty reduction, biodiversity and ecological protection for the benefit of the general public, and improve the production and living conditions of poverty-stricken areas along the Belt and Road.We should enhance international exchanges and cooperation on culture and media, and leverage the positive role of the Internet and new media tools to foster harmonious and friendly cultural environment and public opinion.五、合作機制 V.Cooperation Mechanisms

當前，世界經濟融合加速發展，區域合作方興未艾。積極利用現有雙多邊合作機制，推動“一帶一路”建設，促進區域合作蓬勃發展。

The world economic integration is accelerating and regional cooperation is on the upswing.China will take full advantage of the existing bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to push forward the building of the Belt and Road and to promote the development of regional cooperation.加強雙邊合作，開展多層次、多渠道溝通磋商，推動雙邊關系全面發展。推動簽署合作備忘錄或合作規劃，建設一批雙邊合作示范。建立完善雙邊聯合工作機制，研究推進“一帶一路”建設的實施方案、行動路線圖。充分發揮現有聯委會、混委會、協委會、指導委員會、管理委員會等雙邊機制作用，協調推動合作項目實施。We should strengthen bilateral cooperation, and promote comprehensive development of bilateral relations through multilevel and multichannel communication and consultation.We should encourage the signing of cooperation MOUs or plans, and develop a number of bilateral cooperation pilot projects.We should establish and improve bilateral joint working mechanisms, and draw up implementation plans and road maps for advancing the Belt and Road Initiative.In addition, we should give full play to the ex

isting bilateral mechanisms such as joint committee, mixed committee，coordinating committee, steering committee and management committee to coordinate and promote the implementation of cooperation projects.強化多邊合作機制作用，發揮上海合作組織（SCO）、中國－東盟“10+1”、亞太經合組織（APEC）、亞歐會議（ASEM）、亞洲合作對話（ACD）、亞信會議（CICA）、中阿合作論壇、中國－海合會戰略對話、大湄公河次區域（GMS）經濟合作、中亞區域經濟合作（CAREC）等現有多邊合作機制作用，相關國家加強溝通，讓更多國家和地區參與“一帶一路”建設。We should enhance the role of multilateral cooperation mechanisms, make full use of existing mechanisms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization(SCO), ASEAN Plus China(10+1), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC), Asia-Europe Meeting(ASEM), Asia Cooperation Dialogue(ACD), Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia(CICA), China-Arab States Cooperation Forum(CASCF), China-Gulf Cooperation Council Strategic Dialogue, Greater Mekong Subregion(GMS)Economic Cooperation, and Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation(CAREC)to strengthen communication with relevant countries, and attract more countries and regions to participate in the Belt and Road Initiative.繼續發揮沿線各國區域、次區域相關國際論壇、展會以及博鰲亞洲論壇、中國－東盟博覽會、中國－亞歐博覽會、歐亞經濟論壇、中國國際投資貿易洽談會，以及中國－南亞博覽會、中國－阿拉伯博覽會、中國西部國際博覽會、中國－俄羅斯博覽會、前海合作論壇等平臺的建設性作用。支持沿線國家地方、民間挖掘“一帶一路”歷史文化遺產，聯合舉辦專項投資、貿易、文化交流活動，辦好絲綢之路（敦煌）國際文化博覽會、絲綢之路國際電影節和圖書展。倡議建立“一帶一路”國際高峰論壇。We should continue to encourage the constructive role of the international forums and exhibitions at regional and subregional l

evels hosted by countries along the Belt and Road, as well as such platforms as Boao Forum for Asia, China-ASEAN Expo, China-Eurasia Expo, Euro-Asia Economic Forum, China International Fair for Investment and Trade, China-South Asia Expo, China-Arab States Expo, Western China International Fair, China-Russia Expo, and Qianhai Cooperation Forum.We should support the local authorities and general public of countries along the Belt and Road to explore the historical and cultural heritage of the Belt and Road, jointly hold investment, trade and cultural exchange activities, and ensure the success of the Silk Road(Dunhuang)International Culture Expo, Silk Road International Film Festival and Silk Road International Book Fair.We propose to set up an international summit forum on the Belt and Road Initiative.六、中國各地方開放態勢

VI.China's Regions in Pursuing Opening-Up

推進“一帶一路”建設，中國將充分發揮國

內各地區比較優勢，實行更加積極主動的開放戰略，加強東中西互動合作，全面提升開放型經濟水平。

In advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, China will fully leverage the comparative advantages of its various regions, adopt a proactive strategy of further opening-up, strengthen interaction and cooperation among the eastern, western and central regions, and comprehensively improve the openness of the Chinese economy.西北、東北地區。發揮新疆獨特的區位優勢和向西開放重要窗口作用，深化與中亞、南亞、西亞等國家交流合作，形成絲綢之路經濟帶上重要的交通樞紐、商貿物流和文化科教中心，打造絲綢之路經濟帶核心區。發揮陜西、甘肅綜合經濟文化和寧夏、青海民族人文優勢，打造西安內陸型改革開放新高地，加快蘭州、西寧開發開放，推進寧夏內陸開放型經濟試驗區建設，形成面向中亞、南亞、西亞國家的通道、商貿物流樞紐、重要產業和人文交流基地。發揮內蒙古聯通俄蒙的區位優勢，完善黑龍江對俄鐵路通道和區域鐵路網，以及黑

龍江、吉林、遼寧與俄遠東地區陸海聯運合作，推進構建北京－莫斯科歐亞高速運輸走廊，建設向北開放的重要窗口。Northwestern and northeastern regions.We should make good use of Xinjiang's geographic advantages and its role as a window of westward opening-up to deepen communication and

cooperation with Central, South and West Asian countries, make it a key transportation, trade, logistics, culture, science and education center, and a core area on the Sil

k Road Economic Belt.We should give full scope to the economic and cultural strengths of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the ethnic and cultural advantages of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region and Qinghai province, build Xi'an into a new focus of reform and opening-up in China's interior, speed up the development and opening-up of cities such as Lanzhou and Xining, and advance the building of the Ningxia Inland Opening-up Pilot Economic Zone with the goal of creating strategic channels, trade and logistics hubs and key bases for industrial and cultural exchanges opening to Central, South and West Asian countries.We should give full play to Inner Mongolia's proximity to Mongolia and Russia, improve the railway links connecting Heilongjiang province with Russia and the regional railway network, strengthen cooperation between China's Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and Russia's Far East region on sea-land multimodal transport, and advance the construction of an Eurasian high-speed transport corridor linking Beijing and Moscow with the goal of building key windows opening to the north.西南地區。發揮廣西與東盟國家陸海相鄰的獨特優勢，加快北部灣經濟區和珠江－西江經濟帶開放發展，構建面向東盟區域的國際通道，打造西南、中南地區開放發展新的戰略支點，形成21世紀海上絲綢之路與絲綢之路經濟帶有機銜接的重要門戶。發揮云南區位優勢，推進與周邊國家的國際運輸通道建設，打造大湄公河次區域經濟合作新高地，建設成為面向南亞、東南亞的輻射中心。推進西藏與尼泊爾等國家邊境貿易和旅游文化合作。Southwestern region.We should give full play to the unique advantage of Guangxi Zhuang

autonomous region as a neighbor of ASEAN countries, speed up the opening-up and development of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone and the Pearl River-Xijiang Economic Zone, build an international corridor opening to the ASEAN region, create new strategic anchors for the opening-up and development of the southwest and mid-south regions of China, and form an important gateway connecting the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.We should make good use of the geographic advantage of Yunnan province, advance the construction of an

international transport corridor connecting China with neighboring countries, develop a new highlight of economic cooperation in the Greater Mekong Subregion, and ma

ke the region a pivot of China's opening-up to South and Southeast Asia.We should promote the border trade and tourism and culture cooperation between Tibet autonomous region and neighboring countries such

胞以及香港、澳門特別行政區獨特優勢作用，積極參與和助力“一帶一路”建設。為臺灣地區參與“一帶一路”建設作出妥善安排。

as Nepal.沿海和港澳臺地區。利用長三角、Coastal regions, and Hong Kong, Macao a珠三角、海峽西岸、環渤海等經濟區開放程度高、經濟實力強、輻射帶動作用大的優勢，加快推進中國（上海）自由貿易試驗區建設，支持福建建設21世紀海上絲綢之路核心區。充分發揮深圳前海、廣州南沙、珠海橫琴、福建平潭等開放合作區作用，深化與港澳臺合作，打造粵港澳大灣區。推進浙江海洋經濟發展示范區、福建海峽藍色經濟試驗區和舟山群島新區建設，加大海南國際旅游島開發開放力度。加強上海、天津、寧波－舟山、廣州、深圳、湛江、汕頭、青島、煙臺、大連、福州、廈門、泉州、?？?、三亞等沿海城市港口建設，強化上海、廣州等國際樞紐機場功能。以擴大開放倒逼深層次改革，創新開放型經濟體制機制，加大科技創新力度，形成參與和引領國際合作競爭新優勢，成為“一帶一路”特別是21世紀海上絲綢之路建設的排頭兵和主力軍。發揮海外僑

nd Taiwan.We should leverage the strengths of the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, west coast of the Taiwan Straits, Bohai Rim, and other areas with

economic zones boasting a high level of openness, robust economic strengths and strong catalytic role, speed up the development of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone, and support Fujian province in beco

ming a core area of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.We should give full scope to the role of Qianhai(Shenzhen), Nansha(Guangzhou), Hengqin(Zhuhai)and Pingtan(Fujian)in opening-up and cooperation, deepen their cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and help to build

the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Big Bay Area.We should promote the development of the Zhejiang Marine Economy Development Demonstration Zone, Fujian Marine Economic Pilot Zone and Zhoushan Archipelago New Area, and further open Hainan province as an international tourism island.We should strengthen the port construction of coastal cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Ningbo-Zhoushan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, Shantou, Qingdao, Yantai, Dalian, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Haikou and Sanya, and strengthen the functions of international hub airports such as Shanghai and Guangzhou.We should use opening-up to motivate these areas to carry out deeper reform, create new systems and mechanisms of open economy, step up scientific and technological innovation, develop new advantages for participating in and leading international cooperation and competition, and become the pacesetter and main force in the Belt and Road Initiative, particularly the building of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road.We should leverage the unique role of overseas Chinese and the Hong Kong and Macao Special

Administrative Regions, and encourage them to participate in and contribute to the Belt and Road Initiative.We should also make proper arrangements for the Taiwan region to be part of this effort.內陸地區。利用內陸縱深廣闊、人力資源豐富、產業基礎較好優勢，依托長江中游城市群、成渝城市群、中原城市群、呼包鄂榆城市群、哈長城市群等重點區域，推動區域互動合作和產業集聚發展，打造重慶西部開發開放重要支撐和成都、鄭州、武漢、長沙、南昌、合肥等內陸開放型經濟高地。加快推動長江中上游地區和俄羅斯伏爾加河沿岸聯邦區的合作。建立中歐通道鐵路運輸、口岸通關協調機制，打造“中歐班列”品牌，建設溝通境內外、連接東中西的運輸通道。支持鄭州、西安等內陸城市建設航空港、國際陸港，加強內陸口岸與沿海、沿邊口岸通關合作，開展跨境貿易電子商務服務試點。優化海關特殊監管區域布局，創新加工貿易模式，深化與沿線國家的產業合作。

Inland regions.We should make use of the advantages of inland regions, including a vast landmass, rich human resources and a strong industrial foundation, focus on such key regions as the city clusters along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, around Chengdu and Chongqing, in central Henan province, around Hohhot, Baotou, Erdos and Yulin, and around Harbin and Changchun to propel regional interaction and cooperation and industrial concentration.We should build Chongqing into an important pivot for developing and opening up the western region, and make Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang and Hefei leading areas of opening-up in the inland regions.We should accelerate cooperation between regions on the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and their counterparts along Russia's Volga River.We should set up coordination mechanisms in terms of railway transport and port customs clearance for the China-Europe corridor, cultivate the brand of “China-Europe freight trains,” and construct a cross-border transport corridor connecting the ea

stern, central and western regions.We should support inland cities such as Zhengzhou and Xi'an in building airports and international land ports, strengthen customs clearance cooperation between inland ports and ports in the coastal and border regions, and launch pilot e-commerce services for cross-border trade.We should optimize the layout of special customs oversight areas, develop new models of processing trade.七、中國積極行動 VII.China in Action 一年多來，中國政府積極推動“一帶一路”建設，加強與沿線國家的溝通磋商，推動與沿線國家的務實合作，實施了一系列政策措施，努力收獲早期成果。

For more than a year, the Chinese government has been actively promoting the building of the Belt and Road, enhancing communication and consultation and advancing practical cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road, and introduced a series of policies and measures for early outcomes.高層引領推動。習近平主席、李克強總理等國家領導人先后出訪20多個國家，出席加強互聯互通伙伴關系對話會、中阿合作論壇第六屆部長級會議，就雙邊關系和地區發展問題，多次與有關國家元首和政府首腦進行會晤，深入闡釋“一帶一路”的深刻內涵和積極意義，就共建“一帶一路”達成廣泛共識。

High-level guidance and facilitation.President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang have visited over 20 countries, attended the Dialogue on Strengthening Connectivity Partnership and the sixth ministerial conference of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, and met with leaders of relevant countries to discuss bilateral relations and regional development issues.They have used these opportunities to explain the rich content and positive implications of the Belt and Road Initiative, and their efforts have helped bring about a broad consensus on the Belt and Road Initiative.簽署合作框架。與部分國家簽署了共建“一帶一路”合作備忘錄，與一些毗鄰國家簽署了地區合作和邊境合作的備忘錄以及經

貿合作中長期發展規劃。研究編制與一些毗鄰國家的地區合作規劃綱要。Signing cooperation framework.China has signed MOUs of cooperation on the joint development of the Belt and Road with some countries, and on regional cooperation and border cooperation and mid-and long-term development plans for economic and trade cooperation with some neighboring countries.It has proposed outlines of regional cooperation plans with some adjacent countries.推動項目建設。加強與沿線有關國家的溝通磋商，在基礎設施互聯互通、產業投資、資源開發、經貿合作、金融合作、人文交流、生態保護、海上合作等領域，推進了一批條件成熟的重點合作項目。Promoting project cooperation.China has enhanced communication and consultation with countries along the Belt and Road, and promoted a number of key cooperation projects in the fields of infrastructure connectivity, industrial investment, resource development, economic and trade cooperation, financial cooperation, cultural exchanges, ecological protection and maritime cooperation where the conditions are right.完善政策措施。中國政府統籌國內各種資源，強化政策支持。推動亞洲基礎設施投資銀行籌建，發起設立絲路基金，強化中國－歐亞經濟合作基金投資功能。推動銀行卡清算機構開展跨境清算業務和支付機構開展跨境支付業務。積極推進投資貿易便利化，推進區域通關一體化改革。Improving policies and measures.The Chinese government will integrate its domestic resources to provide stronger policy support for the Initiative.It will facilitate the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.China has proposed the Silk Road Fund, and the investment function of the China-Eurasia Economic Cooperation Fund will be reinforced.We will encourage bank card clearing institutions to conduct cross-border clearing operations, and payment institutions to conduct cross-border payment business.We will actively promote investment and trade facilitation, and accelerate the reform of integrated region

al customs clearance.發揮平臺作用。各地成功舉辦了一系列以“一帶一路”為主題的國際峰會、論壇、研討會、博覽會，對增進理解、凝聚共識、深化合作發揮了重要作用。

Boosting the role of cooperation platforms.A number of international summits, forums, seminars and expos on the theme of the Belt and Road Initiative have been held, which have played an important role in increasing mutual understanding, reaching consensus and deepening cooperation.八、共創美好未來

VIII.Embracing a Brighter Future Together

共建“一帶一路”是中國的倡議，也是中國與沿線國家的共同愿望。站在新的起點上，中國愿與沿線國家一道，以共建“一帶一路”為契機，平等協商，兼顧各方利益，反映各方訴求，攜手推動更大范圍、更高水平、更深層次的大開放、大交流、大融合。“一帶一路”建設是開放的、包容的，歡迎世界各國和國際、地區組織積極參與。Though proposed by China, the Belt and Road Initiative is a common aspiration of all countries along their routes.China is ready to conduct equal-footed consultation with all countries along the Belt and Road to seize the opportunity provided by the Initiative, promote opening-up, communication and integration among countries in a larger scope, with higher standards and at deeper levels, while giving consideration to the interests and aspirations of all parties.The development of the Belt and Road is open and inclusive, and we welcome the active participation of all countries and international and regional organizations in this Initiative.共建“一帶一路”的途徑是以目標協調、政策溝通為主，不刻意追求一致性，可高度靈活，富有彈性，是多元開放的合作進程。中國愿與沿線國家一道，不斷充實完善“一帶一路”的合作內容和方式，共同制定時間表、路線圖，積極對接沿線國家發展和區域合作規劃。

The development of the Belt and Road should mainly be conducted through policy co

mmunication and objectives coordination.It is a pluralistic and open process of cooperation which can be highly flexible, and does not seek conformity.China will join other countries along the Belt and Road to substantiate and improve the content and mode of the Belt and Road cooperation, work out relevant timetables and road maps, and align national development programs and regional cooperation plans.中國愿與沿線國家一道，在既有雙多邊和區域次區域合作機制框架下，通過合作研究、論壇展會、人員培訓、交流訪問等多種形式，促進沿線國家對共建“一帶一路”內涵、目標、任務等方面的進一步理解和認

同。China will work with countries along the Belt and Road to carry out joint research, forums and fairs, personnel training, exchanges and visits under the framework of existing bilateral, multilateral, regional and subregional cooperation mechanisms, so that they will gain a better understanding and recognition of the contents, objectives and tasks of the Belt and Road Initiative.中國愿與沿線國家一道，穩步推進示范項目建設，共同確定一批能夠照顧雙多邊利益的項目，對各方認可、條件成熟的項目抓緊啟動實施，爭取早日開花結果。China will work with countries along the Belt and Road to steadily advance demonstration projects, jointly identify programs that accommodate bilateral and multilateral interests, and accelerate the launching of programs that are agreed upon by parties and ready for implementation, so as to ensure early harvest.“一帶一路”是一條互尊互信之路，一條合作共贏之路，一條文明互鑒之路。只要沿線各國和衷共濟、相向而行，就一定能夠譜寫建設絲綢之路經濟帶和21世紀海上絲綢之路的新篇章，讓沿線各國人民共享“一帶一路”共建成果。

The Belt and Road cooperation features mutual respect and trust, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, and mutual learning between civilizations.As long as all count

ries along the Belt and Road make concerted efforts to pursue our common goal, there will be bright prospects for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road, and the people of countries along the Belt and Road can all benefit from this Initiative.

第四篇：一帶一路（范文模版）

一帶一路

1、讀圖，并結合資料，回答下列問題。

材料一：新疆喀什是中國的西大門，與五國接壤?？κ矊⒁浴皷|有深圳、西有喀什”為目標，依托國家的特殊扶持政策，面向中亞、西亞廣闊市場，努力把喀什建設成為世界級的國際化大都市。

材料二：“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇于2017年5月14日至15日在北京舉行，俄羅斯總統普京等將出席會議。高峰論壇是“一帶一路”提出3年多來最高規格的論壇活動，是今年中國重要的主場外交活動，對推動國際和地區合作具有重要意義。（來源新華網2017年4月6日）

一帶一路

（1）、新疆主要的少數民族是

，本區最突出的自然特征是。

（2）、新疆豐富的天然氣資源通過

工程輸送到東部地區，該工程一線的起點位

于

盆地的輪南。

（3）、圖2所示地區與內地經濟聯系非常緊密，與珠江三角洲地區形成了“

”的經濟模式。

（4）、深圳經濟特區隔珠江與澳門相望，通過

（鐵路線）與香港、北京相連。以廣

州、深圳、珠海為中心的 工業基地，是我國經濟發展最快的地區。

（5）、某港商想去喀什投資建廠，經過考察初步確定兩個方案。請你運用所學地理知識說明理由。

方案一：建立紡織廠，理由是。

方案二：建立進出口貿易公司，理由是。

（6）、中國有句俗語，“想致富，先修路”，基礎設施是大范圍、寬領域、高效率合作的基礎。：“一

帶一路”主要覆蓋亞洲、、三大洲，域內相當一部分是基礎設施發

展的薄弱地帶，基礎設施建設也自然成為“一帶一路”戰略優先領域。

（7）、2017年5月10——15日將在印度尼西亞巴厘島隆重舉行“2017一帶一路印尼峰會”。印尼希望中國可以將制造業工廠發展到印度尼西亞。在人力資源、健康、養老領域也有空間。印尼在教育領域可以與中國合作，共同培訓與培養人才。（來源半月談網2017年1月3日）

材料二的一帶一路示意圖中，印度尼西亞的首都是

，位于

半球（選填“南”或

“北”），該國著名的景點是

。此外該國還是世界上最大的（農作物或經

濟作物）生產國。

一帶一路

2、閱讀圖文材料，回答問題。

材料1

在2014年5月21日，習近平在亞信峰會上提出，加快推進“絲綢之路經濟帶”“21世紀海上絲綢之路”建設，共建“21世紀海上絲綢之路”將中國與世界更加緊密地聯系一起。

材料2

21世紀海上是絲綢之路示意圖

（1）、海上絲綢之路經過的大洲依次是

，沿線穿過的

溫度帶有。

（2）、海上絲綢之路起于我國福建泉州，經過

（我國的海域）、運

河，止于荷蘭鹿特丹。

（3）、圖示地區中，①地區地表形態的主要特點是

；②地農業生

產深受

氣候的影響；③地分布的宗教主要是。

（4）、H為

海峽，簡述該海峽地理位置的重要性。

一帶一路

3、“一帶一路”是指“絲綢之路經濟帶”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”的簡稱。是我國發展與沿線國家的經濟合作伙伴關系，共同打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、命運共同體和責任共同體。讀下圖回答問題。

（1）、“陸上絲綢之路”穿過圖蘭平原，該地盛產_________（經濟作物），里海沿岸_____________

（礦產）資源豐富。近些年來咸海面積不斷縮小，其人為原因主要是。

（2）、“陸上絲綢之路”的終點位于荷蘭的鹿特丹，是世界最大的港口之一，它西臨______________

海，連接歐洲內河航運最繁忙的_________河，位置極為重要。該國盛產鮮花，尤其以_________最著名。

（3）、“海上絲綢之路”必經斯里蘭卡島，該島地勢特征是

，一

月份盛行___________（方向）季風。該島中的聚落分布特點是什么？

（4）、2014年6月一艘商船從福建泉州港出發，沿“海上絲綢之路”到達東非蒙巴薩港，兩地居民在

人種上的差異是__________________________________________。商船繼續航行，于7月初到達吉達港，發現當地有許多清真寺，推斷當地居民主要信仰_____________教，此時吉達港的氣候特征是什么？

一帶一路

4、放眼“一帶一路”感知地理差異。讀材料一和材料二，結合“一帶一路示意圖”（圖1），完成下列各題。

材料一：“一帶一路”指的是“絲綢之路經濟帶”和“21世紀海上絲綢之路”，其貫穿要去大陸，東邊連接大經濟圈，西邊進入歐洲經濟圈。

材料二：2016年5月中旬，印度遭受了創紀錄的高溫侵襲，極值氣溫突破51℃，從今年4月開始，印度因高溫死亡人數不斷增加，中國氣象臺網站的消息，5月18日夜間至21日廣東省將迎來新一輪較強降雨。

（1）、“一帶一路”A和B兩線路采用的交通運輸方式分別是

和

，如果有

機會去鹿特丹，你會選擇哪條線路？請陳述理由。

一帶一路

（2）、“絲綢之路經濟帶”經過能源豐富的甲國，從圖1中可看出該國和我國乙地區在能源種類方面 的共同點是。

（3）、一艘遠洋貨輪沿“海上絲綢之路”從鹿特丹返回中國，沿途在①②③三地靠港，一位船員記錄

了A、B、C所見所聞。

A、在①地見到了圖2所示的“特色旅館”試對旅館床鋪安放在屋頂的做法加以解釋。

B、5月份到達②地時，這里的高溫天氣讓人忍受，結合材料二，圖1和該地氣候資料圖（圖3）分析此

時高溫天氣出現的原因主要有哪些：

②地高溫干旱時，同緯度的廣東地區卻降水頻繁，主要原因又是什么？

C、在③地靠港時，巧遇一在此投資建廠生產輪胎的中國老鄉，分析老鄉在此地投資建廠的原因。

一帶一路

1、（1）、維吾爾族；干旱；

（2）、西氣東輸；塔里木；

（3）、前店后廠；

（4）、京九鐵路；珠江三角洲；

（5）、近原料產地；喀什與五國接壤，進出口貨物方便，依托國家特殊的扶持政策等。

（6）、非洲；歐洲；

（7）、雅加達；南；巴厘島；椰子。

2、3、（1）、長絨棉（棉花）

石油、天然氣

引河流水灌溉，導致入湖水量減少

（2）、北

萊茵

郁金香

（3）、中部高，四周低

東北

沿海、沿河分布

（4）、泉州是黃種人，蒙巴薩是黑種人

伊斯蘭

炎熱干燥

4、（1）、鐵路；海運；A線；該路線路程短，速度快；

（2）、都有豐富的油氣資源；

（3）、A、中東地區主要屬于熱帶沙漠氣候，終年炎熱干燥，把床鋪放在屋頂上便于通風納涼；

B、這里是熱帶，5月氣溫回升很快，北部有高山阻擋，無冷空氣南下影響，雨季未開始，天氣晴朗；

廣東省位于東南沿海，5月東南季風已經影響該地，雨帶移至這里，廣東省進入雨季，所以

降水頻繁；

C、這里盛產天然橡膠，原料豐富，勞動力、土地廉價，有政府優惠政策。

一帶一路

第五篇：一帶一路專題

現代文閱讀

現代文閱讀一：

宏觀視野下的絲綢之路

公元2世紀中葉，張騫受漢武帝派遣鑿空西域，開通絲綢之路。早在張騫之前，東西方通道已有雛形。商周玉器是通過“玉石之路”從新疆和田運來的?！豆茏印范啻握劦健霸率现瘛?，也許就是從這條“走私”路上販運來的。張騫之后，絲綢之路才真正建立和發展起來。

先秦時期，玉石之路上的商品往來具有私人販運性質，販運的主體可能是西戎民族。秦穆公稱霸西戎，對于東西貿易開拓有一定促進作用。秦朝及漢初，匈奴幾乎壟斷了通往西域的道路，也壟斷了通道貿易。漢武帝憑借祖父幾代休養生息政策積累起來的國力，果斷采

取反擊匈奴政策，才有張騫的出使。

張騫來到大月氏（今阿富汗），引起他注意的是蜀地的竹制品和紡織品。當地人告訴他，這些物品是從印度來的。由此，張騫不經意間就發現了經四川、云南到緬甸而至印度的商貿通道。張騫第二次出使，攜帶了更多的物品分送出使諸國，雖不算官方貿易，卻促進了西域諸部族和邦國來華。這些外邦來使，與其說是向風慕義，不如說是為了經貿往來。

繼漢武帝建立河西四郡后，昭宣時代和東漢王朝致力于建立西域地區軍事管理體制——西域都護，從而保障了這條貿易通道的暢通。唐朝設立安西四鎮和伊西北庭都護府，對蔥嶺東西地區的羈縻府州實行了有效的控制，從而使唐朝的絲綢之路，比之于漢代有了長足發展。可以說，漢唐時代的國力強盛，是絲綢之路得以建立、鞏固與發展的先決條件。

值得提出的是，蔥嶺以西的道路建設，早在漢代官方開通絲綢之路之前，古波斯帝國和亞歷山大帝國時期，就有相

當水平。在張騫打通西域而建立起從中原經新疆至大夏的商路后，中亞原有道路網中的主要干線便成為絲綢之路的西段，從長安橫貫中亞、西亞到歐洲，構成了陸上絲綢之路經濟帶。

陸上絲綢之路擔當東西貿易的商人主要是月氏、匈奴人。關于邊境貿易，《洛陽伽藍記》記載了前來北魏“四夷館”販貨的“商胡客販，日奔塞下”，把來華貿易的熱鬧情景表現無遺。外商來了之后，“樂中國土風，因而宅者，不可勝數”。這些僑居商人，即所謂西夷。

隋唐一統，特別是唐太宗平東突厥、平高昌，促進了絲綢之路貿易的發展。吐魯番出土文書顯示，貿易物品的規格和價格是為適應邊境貿易而訂。唐朝在邊境地區設置了管理商貿活動的“互市監”，安祿山最早在幽州做互市牙郎，就是管這項工作的。邊境節度使熱衷于邊貿，是因為這是其重要的財政收入。而這筆收入，中央政府是把它計算在對邊軍經費開支中的。《新唐書西域傳下》說：“稅西域商胡以供四鎮，出北道者納賦輪臺，地廣則稅倍。”

宋代，西北地區掌握在西夏政權手里，陸上通道受影響，海上貿易因而興盛。13世紀蒙古帝國建立了橫跨歐亞的大帝國，東西方貿易也空前高漲?？墒牵魅藮|來，不僅沖破了中間商的盤剝與壟斷，也沖擊了中國政府特別是明朝政府在絲路所經南海地區的朝貢體系。1500年至1800年期間，中國對外政策的大體趨勢為：明末漸趨開放，清初限制性開放，雍乾日益收縮。

總之，遠東地區與歐亞非大陸的貿易，從上古的走私活動，到漢唐時代的邊境貿易，乃至大海航時代以來的中歐直接通商，不僅僅是溝通陸上絲綢之路經濟帶和海上絲綢之路經濟聯系的偉大貿易活動，也是“一路一帶”沿途國家和地區政治實力興衰消長的晴雨表。

（節選自張國剛《宏觀視野下的絲綢之路》，有刪改）

1．下列關于“陸上絲綢之路”的表述，不正確的一項是

A．絲綢之路真正建立和發展起來是在張騫之后，這是漢武帝憑借祖父幾代休養生息政策積累起來的國力，采取反擊匈奴政策的結果。

B．歷代所建立的河西四郡、西域都護、安西四鎮和伊西北庭都護府保障了陸上貿易通道的暢通，使這條絲綢之路有了不斷發展。C．陸上絲綢之路是在張騫打通西域而建立起從中原經新疆至大夏的商路后，連接中亞、西亞原有道路網一直通到歐洲的一條貿易通道。

D．陸上絲綢之路在宋代時由于西北地區受西夏政權掌控，絲綢之路的商貿蕩然無存，蒙古帝國的建立，東西方貿易又恢復并空前高漲。

2．下列理解和分析，符合原文意思的一項是

A．商周時期，東西方通道已經走通?！豆茏印范啻握劦降摹霸率现瘛本褪菑男陆吞镞\過來的，只不過這條路屬于“走私”性質。

B．北魏時期，邊境貿易較為繁華，《洛陽伽藍記》記載了販貨的商客來華貿易的熱鬧情景，很多人因商貿和“中國土風”僑居下來。

C．吐魯番出土文書顯示，唐朝時期邊貿官員為適應邊境貿易制定了貿易物品的規格和價格，因而這些制度促進了絲綢之路貿易的發展。

D．唐朝在邊境地區設置的“互市監”所收稅收是邊境節度使的財政收入之一，邊軍經費從中開支，這在《新唐書西域傳下》里有記載。

3．根據原文內容，下列理解和分析正確的一項是

A．先秦時期，西戎民族在玉石之路上的商品往來以及秦穆公稱霸西戎時的貿易活動對漢代后來建立發展的陸上絲綢之路都具有一定的促進作用。

B．張騫發現的經四川、云南到緬甸而至印度的商貿通道是他第二次出使的路線，這次出使促使了諸部族和邦國的一些使者來華進行貿易活動。

C．大海航時代的西人東來對中國海上朝貢體系有所沖擊，因此陸上絲綢之路的政策調整為：明末漸趨開放，清初限制性開放，雍乾日益收縮。

D．陸上絲綢之路及海上絲綢之路經濟貿易活動的興衰消長折射出中國及“一路一帶”沿途國家和地區政治、經濟、文化、軍事實力的興衰消長。

答案：

1．D（錯在“蕩然無存”，原文是“陸上通道受影響”）

2．B(A項錯在絕對化了，原文有“也許”；C項原因錯誤，“促進了絲綢之路貿易的發展”的原因是“隋唐一統，特別是唐太宗平東突厥、平高昌”而不是“這些制度”；D項錯在內容理解有誤，中央政府是把這筆收入計算在對邊軍經費開支中的，而非邊軍經費從稅收中開支)3．A(B項無中生有，錯在“使得他第二次出使就途徑這些諸部族和邦國”；C項概念混淆，錯在“陸上絲綢之路的政策調整”，原文是“中國對外政策的大體趨勢”；D項無中生有，“經濟、文化、軍事”為憑空添加)

現代文閱讀二：

“一帶一路”需要語言鋪路

“一帶一路”建設借用絲綢之路這一歷史資源，與沿線各國發展經濟合作伙伴關系，共同打造政治互信、經濟融合、文化包容的利益共同體、責任共同體和命運共同體。它涉及幾十個國家、數十億人口，這些國家在歷史上創造了多姿多彩的文明形態。海行靠舟，陸運需車。語言，即思想之舟輿．在推進“一帶一路”建設中，語言如何鋪路？怎樣搭橋？ 既達意又表情。

在哈薩克斯坦首談絲綢之路經濟帶時，就高瞻遠矚地提出“五通”。實現“五通”，當然需要語言互通。首先，政策要用語言表述。協商制定區域合作規劃與措施，并使相關政策、法律、規劃、措施為民所知所用，環環都需語言交流。其次，設施聯通更需語言連通。語言之路不通暢，其他方面也難以通暢。再次，“五通”之中，民心相通看似最“軟”，但要把“一帶一路”建設為命運共同體，實現利益互惠、責任共擔，民心相通更為根本?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO可以用英語等作為通用語，但這種通用語只能達意，難以表情；只能通事，難以通心。欲表情、通心，需用本區域各國各族人民最樂意使用的語言。粗略統計，“一帶一路”建設涉及國家的國語或國家通用語有近50種，再算上這一區域民族或部族語言，重要者不下200種。這50種或者200種語言，乃是表情、通心之語，應當列入“一帶一路”語言規劃的項目單中。既看得明白又看著順眼?！耙粠б宦贰苯ㄔO的基本理念是互利共贏，表現在語言理念上就是提倡平等互惠。在各種概念的中外翻譯中，應尊重各種文化的語言使用習慣，特別要注意能讓更多的人看得明白、看著順眼，注意詞語使用得體。比如“漢語推廣”“過剩產能輸出”等，都未必是合適的用語，因為這些詞語要么含有不平等的話外之音，要么是用中國眼光看世界，容易引起誤讀。此外，有人把“一帶一路”分為“新起點”“真正起點”“黃金段”“核心區”“中心線”“支點國家”等，特別是國內一些地區正在“搶占制高點”。如此“截路分等”是否合適，值得仔細斟酌。

信息化時代，大數據與“互聯網+”使語言的作用急遽放大。推進“一帶一路”建設，應重視語言規劃。第一，研究“一帶一路”語言狀況。摸清底數、列出清單、組織調研，建立語言數據庫。第二，注重培養語言人才。改革開放以來，我國外語學習不斷升溫，公民外語水平大有提高。但學習的語種較為單一，主要集中在英語等大語種上。第三，了解相關國家的語言政策及語言使用習慣。語言政策是公共政策的重要組成部分，語言使用習慣是重要文化習慣。第四，充分利用語言技術。當下人類的語言交際多數伴隨著語言產品，得助于語言技術，比如智能手機、短信微信、電子郵件、PPT、翻譯軟件等。第五，做好社會語言服務工作。語言服務，需要政府與民間雙手推動、更多依靠民間力量，需要公益服務與有償服務雙腿行進。

（摘自《人民日報》2015年9月22日期）

1．下列關于原文內容的表述，不正確的一項是

A．“一帶一路”建沒借用絲綢之路的歷史資源，與曾創造多彩文明形態的沿線各國發展經濟合作關系，打造互利共贏的共同體。B．在哈薩克斯坦首談絲綢之路經濟帶時提出“五通”，其中就有語言互通?！罢Z言互通”才能更好建設“一帶一路”。

C．“一帶一路”建設盡管可以用英語等大語種作為通用語，但更需使用本區域的近50種甚至不下200種的能夠表情、通心之語。

D．互利共贏是“一帶一路”建設的基本理念，表現在語言理念上就是提倡平等互惠，使用得體的詞語讓更多人看得明白，看著順眼。

2．下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一項是

A．建設絲綢之路經濟帶，要實現“五通”，無論是政策互通，還是設施聯通，都需要發揮語言在溝通方面所起的橋梁作用。

B．在“五通”中，民心相通看似最“軟”，其實是個根本因素，而真止能夠促進民心相通的通用語不能只是達意，還要表情。

C．要實現語言上的平等互惠，應尊重各種文化的語言使用習慣，注意詞語使用得當，對一些含有不平等話外音的詞語要少用、慎用。

D．信息化時代，往人數據與“互聯網+”使語言的作用急遽放大的背景下，推進“一帶一路”建設，應該充分重視語言規劃。

3．根據原文內容，下列說法不正確的一項是

A．在“一帶一路”的語言建設中，要想既看得明白又看著順眼，最好制定有關術語使用與翻譯原則，擬定不建議使用詞表或忌諱詞表。B．由于外語學習主要集中在英語等大語種上，能使用“一帶一路”建設中“表情、通心”語言的人才十分缺乏，需要加大培養力度。

C．語言政策、語言使用習慣可謂“一帶一路”建設的核心基礎。對此，應研究并出版相關書刊，以便遵守語言政策，尊重語言習慣。

D．在“一帶一路”建設中，發揮語言的橋梁作用，應充分利用語言技術，政府和民間雙手推動，更多依靠民間力量，做好語言服務工作。

答案：

1．B（與文不符?！拔逋ā?，并不包括語言互通。）

2．C（曲解文意。“少用、慎用”錯誤。據原文第三段語境，不能使用“含有不平等話外音的詞語”）

3．C（無中生有。原文未提及語言政策、語言使用習慣是“一帶一路”建設的核心基礎。）

第二部分 文言文閱讀

一、文言文閱讀（19分）

（一）張騫傳（全文）

原文：

①張騫，漢中人也。建元中為郎。時匈奴降者言匈奴破月氏王，以其頭為飲器，月氏遁而怨匈奴，無與共擊之。漢方欲事滅胡，聞此言，欲通使，道必更匈奴中，乃募能使者。騫以郎應募，使月氏。與堂邑氏奴甘父俱出隴西。徑匈奴，匈奴得之，傳詣單于。單于曰：“月氏在吾北，漢何以得往使？吾欲使越，漢肯聽我乎？”留騫十余歲，予妻，有子，然騫持漢節不失。

譯文： ①張騫是漢中人。建元年間被任命為郎官。那時匈奴投降過來的人說匈奴攻破月氏王，并且用月氏王的頭顱做酒器。月氏因此逃避而且怨恨匈奴，就是苦于沒有人和他們一起打擊匈奴。漢王朝正想從事消滅匈奴的戰爭，聽說此言，就想派人出使月氏，可匈奴國又是必經之路，于是就招募能夠出使的人。張騫以郎官的身分應募出使月氏。與堂邑氏的奴仆甘父一起離開隴西。途經匈奴，被匈奴人截獲，用傳車送到單于那里。單于說：“月氏在我的北邊，漢朝人怎么能往那兒出使呢？我如果想派人出使南越，漢朝肯任憑我們的人經過嗎？”扣留張騫十多年。給他娶妻，并生了兒子，然而張騫仍持漢節不失使者身分。

原文：

②居匈奴西，騫因與其屬亡向月氏，西走數十日，至大宛。大宛聞漢之饒財，欲通不得，見騫，喜，問欲何之。騫曰：“為漢使月氏，而為匈奴所閉道，今亡，唯王使人道送我。誠得至，反漢，漢之賂遺王財物，不可勝言?！贝笸鹨詾槿?，遣騫，為發譯道，抵康居。康居傳致大月氏。大月氏王已為胡所殺，立其夫人為王。既臣大夏而君之，地肥饒，少寇，志安樂，又自以遠遠漢，殊無報胡之心。騫從月氏至大夏，竟不能得月氏要領。留歲余，還。并南山，欲從羌中歸，復為匈奴所得。留歲余，單于死，國內亂，騫與胡妻及堂邑父俱亡歸漢。拜騫太中大夫，堂邑父為奉使君。

譯文：

②因居住在匈奴西部，張騫趁機帶領他的部屬一起向月氏逃亡。往西跑了幾十天，到了大宛。大宛聽說漢朝財物豐富，想和漢朝交往可找不到機會。見到張騫非常高興，問他要到哪里去。張騫說：“替漢朝出使月氏，而被匈奴封鎖道路，不讓通行，現在逃亡到貴國，希望大王能派人帶路，送我們去，假如能夠到達月氏，我們返回漢朝后，漢朝送給大王的財物，一定多得不可盡言。”大宛認為可以，就送他們去，并為他們派遣了翻譯和向導。送到康居，康居用傳車將他們送到大月氏。這時，原來的大月氏王已被匈奴所殺，立了他的夫人為王。大月氏已經使大夏臣服并統治著它。他們那里土地肥沃，出產豐富，沒有侵擾，心境悠閑安樂，又自認為距離漢朝遙遠而不想親近漢朝，全然沒有向匈奴報仇的意思。張騫從月氏到大夏，始終得不得月氏王明確的表示。逗留一年多后，只得返程。沿著南山，想從羌人居住的地方回到漢朝，又被匈奴截獲?？哿粢荒甓?，碰巧單于死了，匈奴國內混亂，張騫便帶著他匈奴籍的妻子以及堂邑甘父一起逃跑回到了漢朝。朝廷授予他太中太夫官職，堂邑甘父也當上了奉使君。

原文：

③騫為人強力，寬大信人，蠻夷愛之。堂邑父，胡人，善射，窮急，射禽獸給食。初，騫行時百余人，去十三歲，唯二人得還。

譯文：

③張騫這個人性格堅強而有毅力，度量寬大，對人講信用，蠻人很喜愛他。堂邑甘父是匈奴人，善于射箭，處境窘迫的時候就射捕禽獸來供給食用。當初，張騫出發時有一百多人，離漢十三年，只有他們二人得以回還。

原文：

④騫身所至者，大宛、大月氏、大夏、康居，而傳聞其旁大國五六，具為天子言其地形所有。語皆在《西域傳》。

譯文：

④張騫親身到過的地方有大宛、大月氏、大夏、康居等國，并且聽說了這些國家鄰近的五六個大國的情況。他向皇帝一一稟告了這些地方的地形和物產。張騫所說的話都記載在《西域傳》中。

原文：

⑤騫曰：“臣在大夏時，見邛竹杖、蜀布，問安得此，大夏國人日：‘吾賈人往市之身毒國。身毒國在大夏東南可數千里。其俗土著，與大夏同，而卑濕暑熱，其民乘象以戰。其國臨大水焉?！则q度之，大夏去漢萬二千里，居西南。今身毒又居大夏東南數千里，有蜀物，此其去蜀不遠矣。今使大夏，從羌中，險，羌人惡之；少北，則為匈奴所得；從蜀，宜徑，又無寇?！碧熳蛹嚷劥笸鸺按笙?、安息之屬皆大國，多奇物，土著，頗與中國同俗，而兵弱，貴漢財物；其北則大月氏、康居之屬，兵強，可以賂遺設利朝也。誠得而以義屬之，則廣地萬里，重九譯，致殊俗，威德遍于四海。天子欣欣以騫言為然。乃令因蜀、犍為發間使，四道并出：出駹，出莋，出徙、邛，出僰，皆各行一二千里。其北方閉氐、莋，南方閉嶲、昆明。昆明之屬無君長，善寇盜，輒殺略漢使，終莫得通。然聞其西可千余里，有乘象國，名滇越，而蜀賈間出物者或至焉，于是漢以求大夏道始通滇國。初，漢欲通西南夷，費多，罷之。及騫言可以通大夏，乃復事西南夷。

譯文：

⑤張騫說：“我在大夏時，見到邛崍山出產的竹杖和蜀地出產的布。我問他們是從哪里得到這些東西的，大夏人說：‘我們的商人去身毒國買來的。身毒國在大夏東南大約幾千里的地方。他們的習俗是定土而居，和大夏一樣；但地勢低濕暑熱，他們的百姓騎著大象作戰。他們的國土靠近恒河呢?！晕彝茰y地理方位看，大夏離漢朝一萬二千里，在西南邊?，F在身毒又在大夏東南幾千里，有蜀地的東西，這就表明身毒大概離蜀地不遠了?，F在出使大夏，要經過羌人居住的地方，路不好走，羌人討厭我們；稍微往北，就會被匈奴抓獲；從蜀地去，該會是直路，又沒有干擾?！被实壑懒舜笸鸺按笙摹蚕⒌葒际谴髧?，有很多珍奇寶物，又是定土而居，差不多和漢朝的習俗相同，而且兵力弱小，又看重漢朝的財物；他們的北面就是大月氏、康居等國，兵力強大，可以用贈送財物、施之以利的辦法讓他們來朝拜漢朝。假如能夠不用武力而施用恩誼使他們歸附漢朝的話，那就可以擴展很多領土，一直到達要經過多次輾轉翻譯才能聽懂話的遠方，招來不同習俗的人，在四海之內遍布威望和恩德。皇帝非常高興，認為張騫的話很對。于是命令由蜀郡、犍為郡派出秘密使者，四條路線一同出發：從冉駹，從莋都，從徙和邛都，從僰，各路都走了一二千里。往北路去的使者被氐、莋阻攔住了，南去的使者又被嶲、昆明阻攔住了。昆明的少數民族沒有君王，喜歡搶劫偷盜，總是殺害和搶劫漢朝使者，始終沒有人能夠通過。但聽說昆明的西邊大約一千多里路有一個騎象的國家，名叫滇越，而蜀郡商賈私自販運貨物的有人到過那里。于是漢朝由于探求通往大夏的道路才和滇越國有了往來。當初，漢朝想和西南各民族往來，但麻煩很多，就停止了。直到張騫說可以由此通往大夏，才又開始從事和西南各民族建立關系。

原文：

⑥騫以校尉從大將軍擊匈奴，知水草處，軍得以不乏，乃封騫為博望侯。是歲，元朔六年也。后二年，騫為衛尉，與李廣俱出右北平擊匈奴。匈奴圍李將軍，軍失亡多，而騫后期，當斬，贖為庶人。是歲驃騎將軍破匈奴西邊，殺數萬人，至祁連山。其秋，渾邪王率眾降漢，而金城、河西并南山至鹽澤，空，無匈奴。匈奴時有候者到，而希矣。后二年，漢擊走單于于幕北。

譯文：

⑥張騫以校尉的身分隨從大將軍衛青攻打匈奴，他知道水源和有牧草的地方，軍隊能夠因此減少困乏，于是朝廷封張騫為博望侯。這一年是元朔六年。又過了兩年，張騫擔任衛尉，與李廣一起從右北平出發攻打匈奴。匈奴圍住了李將軍，軍隊損失逃亡的很多，張騫由于晚于約定的日期到達，判處斬頭，他用爵位贖免死罪，成為普通平民。這一年，驃騎將軍攻破匈奴西部，殺敵幾萬人，一直打到了祁連山。這年的秋天，渾邪王率領部下投降了漢朝，因而金城、黃河以西沿著南山直到鹽澤一帶無人居住，沒有匈奴侵擾。匈奴常有偵察人員到這一帶來，然而人數很少了。又過了兩年，漢朝把單于打跑到漠北去了。

原文：

⑦天子數問騫大夏之屬。騫既失侯，因曰：“臣居匈奴中，聞烏孫王號昆莫。昆莫父難兜靡本與大月氏俱在祁連、敦煌間，小國也。大月氏攻殺難兜靡，奪其地，人民亡走匈奴。子昆莫新生，傅父布就翕侯抱亡，置草中。為求食，還，見狼乳之，又烏銜肉翔其旁，以為神。遂持歸匈奴，單于愛養之。及壯，以其父民眾與昆莫，使將兵，數有功。時，月氏已為匈奴所破，西擊塞王。塞王南走遠徙，月氏居其地。昆莫既健，自請單于報父怨，遂西攻破大月氏。大月氏復西走，徙大夏地。昆莫略其眾，因留居，兵稍強。會單于死，不肯復朝事匈奴。匈奴遣兵擊之，不勝，益以為神而遠之。今單于新困于漢，而昆莫地空。蠻夷戀故地，又貪漢物。誠以此時厚賂烏孫，招以東居故地，漢遣公主為夫人，結昆弟，其勢宜聽。則是斷匈奴右臂也。既連烏孫，自其西大夏之屬皆可招來而為外臣。”天子以為然，拜騫為中郎將，將三百人，馬各二匹，牛羊以萬數，赍金幣帛直數千巨萬，多持節副使，道可，便遣之旁國。騫既至烏孫，致賜諭指，未能得其決。語在《西域傳》。騫即分遣副使使大宛、康居、月氏、大夏。烏孫發譯道送騫，與烏孫使數十人，馬數十匹，報謝，因令窺漢，知其廣大。

譯文：

⑦皇帝多次問張騫有關大夏等國的情況。張騫已經失去爵位，就回答說：“我居住在匈奴時，聽說烏孫王叫昆莫。昆莫的父親難兜靡本來與大月氏都在祁連和敦煌之間，是個小國。大月氏攻擊并殺掉了難兜靡，奪取了他的土地，烏孫百姓逃亡到匈奴。當時他的兒子昆莫剛剛出生，傅父布就翕侯抱著昆莫逃跑，把他藏在草里面。傅父給昆莫去尋找食品，回來時看見狼在給他奶吃，還有烏鴉叼著肉在他旁邊飛翔，以為他有神助。于是，帶著他歸附了匈奴。單于很喜愛他，就收養下來了。等他長大后，把他父親原來的百姓交給了他，叫他帶兵，結果屢建功勞。當時，月氏已被匈奴所攻破，月氏便往西攻打塞王，塞王向南逃跑遷徙到很遠的地方去了，月氏就占據了塞王原來的地方。昆莫成人后，自己向單于請求報殺父之仇，使出兵西邊攻破大月氏。大月氏再往西逃跑，遷徙到大夏的地方。昆莫奪得了大月氏的百姓，就留居在大月氏的領土上，兵力漸漸強大起來。這時正碰上單于死了，他不肯再朝拜侍奉于匈奴。匈奴派軍隊攻打他，漢能取勝，更認為他有神助而遠遠地避開他。現在單于剛被我們所困，而且烏孫故地又是空著的。烏孫這個民族的人留戀故鄉，又貪圖漢朝的物產。如果在這時以大量的財物贈給烏孫，用他們在東邊居住過的老地方來招引他們，漢朝還可派遣公主給昆莫作夫人，與他結為兄弟，根據現在的情勢看，烏孫該會聽從我們。那么這就好象截斷了匈奴的右臂。聯合了烏孫之后，那么在烏孫以西的大夏等國就都可以招引來成為我們境外的臣民。”皇帝認為他的話有道理，授予他中郎將的官職，率領三百人，每人兩匹馬，牛羊數以萬計，帶的金銀、禮品價值幾千億，還帶了許多持節副使，如果道路可以通行，就靈活派遣這些副使到附近的國家去。張騫到烏孫國以后，把漢帝的賞賜送給了烏孫王并傳達了漢帝的旨意，但沒能得到烏孫王確定的回復。這些話都記載在《西域傳》中。張騫及時分遣副使出使大宛、康居、月氏、大夏等國。烏孫王派遣翻譯和向導送張騫回漢朝，同時還派了烏孫使者幾十人，馬幾十匹，來答謝漢帝，乘機讓他們窺伺漢朝，了解到漢朝地域廣大。

原文：

⑧騫還，拜為大行。歲余，騫卒。后歲余，其所遣副使通大夏之屬者皆頗與其人俱來，于是西北國始通于漢矣。然騫鑿空，諸后使往者皆稱博望侯，以為質于外國，外國由是信之。其后，烏孫竟與漢結婚。

譯文：

⑧張騫回來后，朝廷授予他大行令官職。過了一年多，張騫去世。又過了一年多，他所派遣出使大夏等國的副使幾乎都和所出使之國的使者一起來漢。從這時起，西北各國開始與漢朝相來往了。因張騫開辟了通西域的道路，后來許多使者出使國外也都稱作博望侯，以此來取信于外國，外國人也因此信任他們。這以后，烏孫王終究還是與漢朝通婚了。

（選自《漢書.張騫李廣利列傳》）