第一篇：歷年考研數學真題高等數學部分考查重點

歷年考研數學真題高等數學部分考查重點

一、函數、極限與連續

1.求分段函數的復合函數;

2.求極限或已知極限確定原式中的常數;

3.討論函數的連續性，判斷間斷點的類型;

4.無窮小階的比較;

5.討論連續函數在給定區間上零點的個數，或確定方程在給定區間上有無實根。

二、一元函數微分學

1.求給定函數的導數與微分(包括高階導數)，隱函數和由參數方程所確定的函數求導，特別是分段函數和帶有絕對值的函數可導性的討論;

2.利用洛比達法則求不定式極限;

3.討論函數極值，方程的根，證明函數不等式;

4.利用羅爾定理、拉格朗日中值定理、柯西中值定理和泰勒中值定理證明有關命題，如證明在開區間內至少存在一點滿足……，此類問題證明經常需要構造輔助函數;

5.幾何、物理、經濟等方面的最大值、最小值應用問題，解這類問題，主要是確定目標函數和約束條件，判定所討論區間;

6.利用導數研究函數性態和描繪函數圖形，求曲線漸近線。

三、一元函數積分學

1.計算題：計算不定積分、定積分及廣義積分;

2.關于變上限積分的題：如求導、求極限等;

3.有關積分中值定理和積分性質的證明題;

4.定積分應用題：計算面積，旋轉體體積，平面曲線弧長，旋轉面面積，壓力，引力，變力作功等;

5.綜合性試題。

四、向量代數和空間解析幾何

1.計算題：求向量的數量積，向量積及混合積;

2.求直線方程，平面方程;

3.判定平面與直線間平行、垂直的關系，求夾角;

4.建立旋轉面的方程;

5.與多元函數微分學在幾何上的應用或與線性代數相關聯的題目。

五、多元函數的微分學

1.判定一個二元函數在一點是否連續，偏導數是否存在、是否可微，偏導數是否連續;

2.求多元函數(特別是含有抽象函數)的一階、二階偏導數，求隱函數的一階、二階偏導數;

3.求二元、三元函數的方向導數和梯度;

4.求曲面的切平面和法線，求空間曲線的切線與法平面，該類型題是多元函數的微分學與前面向量代數與空間解析幾何的綜合題，應結合起來復習;

5.多元函數的極值或條件極值在幾何、物理與經濟上的應用題;求一個二元連續函數在一個有界平面區域上的最大值和最小值。這部分應用題多要用到其他領域的知識，考生在復習時要引起注意。

六、多元函數的積分學

1.二重、三重積分在各種坐標下的計算，累次積分交換次序;

2.第一型曲線積分、曲面積分計算;

3.第二型(對坐標)曲線積分的計算，格林公式，斯托克斯公式及其應用;

4.第二型(對坐標)曲面積分的計算，高斯公式及其應用;

5.梯度、散度、旋度的綜合計算;

6.重積分，線面積分應用;求面積，體積，重量，重心，引力，變力作功等。數學一考生對這部分內容和題型要引起足夠的重視。

七、無窮級數

1.判定數項級數的收斂、發散、絕對收斂、條件收斂;

2.求冪級數的收斂半徑，收斂域;

3.求冪級數的和函數或求數項級數的和;

4.將函數展開為冪級數(包括寫出收斂域);

5.將函數展開為傅立葉級數，或已給出傅立葉級數，要確定其在某點的和(通常要用狄里克雷定理);

6.綜合證明題。

八、微分方程

1.求典型類型的一階微分方程的通解或特解：這類問題首先是判別方程類型，當然，有些方程不直接屬于我們學過的類型，此時常用的方法是將x與y對調或作適當的變量代換，把原方程化為我們學過的類型;

2.求解可降階方程;

3.求線性常系數齊次和非齊次方程的特解或通解;

4.根據實際問題或給定的條件建立微分方程并求解;

5.綜合題，常見的是以下內容的綜合：變上限定積分，變積分域的重積分，線積分與路徑無關，全微分的充要條件，偏導數等。

第二篇：歷年考研數學真題高等數學部分考查

歷年考研數學真題高等數學部分考查重點

一、函數、極限與連續

1.求分段函數的復合函數;

2.求極限或已知極限確定原式中的常數;

3.討論函數的連續性，判斷間斷點的類型;

4.無窮小階的比較;

聲明：本資料由大家論壇考研論壇

5.討論連續函數在給定區間上零點的個數，或確定方程在給定區間上有無實根。

費公益性考研論壇，等待您的光臨！

二、一元函數微分學

1.求給定函數的導數與微分(包括高階導數)，隱函數和由參數方程所確定的函數求導，特別是分段函數和帶有絕對值的函數可導性的討論;

2.利用洛比達法則求不定式極限;

3.討論函數極值，方程的根，證明函數不等式;

4.利用羅爾定理、拉格朗日中值定理、柯西中值定理和泰勒中值定理證明有關命題，如證明在開區間內至少存在一點滿足……，此類問題證明經常需要構造輔助函數;

5.幾何、物理、經濟等方面的最大值、最小值應用問題，解這類問題，主要是確定目標函數和約束條件，判定所討論區間;

收集整理，轉載請注明出自無需積分，無需回復，只要你帶寬足夠大，你資料就足夠多！大家網考研論壇http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html http://club.topsage.com http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html

6.利用導數研究函數性態和描繪函數圖形，求曲線漸近線。三、一元函數積分學

真正的全免

1.計算題：計算不定積分、定積分及廣義積分;

2.關于變上限積分的題：如求導、求極限等;

3.有關積分中值定理和積分性質的證明題;

4.定積分應用題：計算面積，旋轉體體積，平面曲線弧長，旋轉面面積，壓力，引力，變力作功等;

5.綜合性試題。

四、向量代數和空間解析幾何

聲明：本資料由大家論壇考研論壇費公益性考研論壇，等待您的光臨！

1.計算題：求向量的數量積，向量積及混合積;

2.求直線方程，平面方程;

3.判定平面與直線間平行、垂直的關系，求夾角;

4.建立旋轉面的方程;

5.與多元函數微分學在幾何上的應用或與線性代數相關聯的題目。

五、多元函數的微分學

1.判定一個二元函數在一點是否連續，偏導數是否存在、是否可微，偏導數是否連續;

收集整理，轉載請注明出自無需積分，無需回復，只要你帶寬足夠大，你資料就足夠多！大家網考研論壇http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html http://club.topsage.com http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html

2.求多元函數(特別是含有抽象函數)的一階、二階偏導數，求隱函數的一階、二階偏導數;

3.求二元、三元函數的方向導數和梯度;

真正的全免

4.求曲面的切平面和法線，求空間曲線的切線與法平面，該類型題是多元函數的微分學與前面向量代數與空間解析幾何的綜合題，應結合起來復習;

5.多元函數的極值或條件極值在幾何、物理與經濟上的應用題;求一個二元連續函數在 一個有界平面區域上的最大值和最小值。這部分應用題多要用到其他領域的知識，考生在復聲費無習時要引起注意。

六、多元函數的積分學

1.二重、三重積分在各種坐標下的計算，累次積分交換次序;

2.第一型曲線積分、曲面積分計算;

3.第二型(對坐標)曲線積分的計算，格林公式，斯托克斯公式及其應用;

4.第二型(對坐標)曲面積分的計算，高斯公式及其應用;

5.梯度、散度、旋度的綜合計算;

6.重積分，線面積分應用;求面積，體積，重量，重心，引力，變力作功等。數學一考生對這部分內容和題型要引起足夠的重視。

七、無窮級數

1.判定數項級數的收斂、發散、絕對收斂、條件收斂;

2.求冪級數的收斂半徑，收斂域;

3.求冪級數的和函數或求數項級數的和;

4.將函數展開為冪級數(包括寫出收斂域);

明公需：本益積資性分料考，由研無 論需大壇回家，復論等，壇待只考您要研的你論光帶壇臨寬http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html！足 夠大，你資料就足夠多！大家網考研 論 壇收集整理，轉載請注明出自 http://club.topsage.comhttp://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html真正的全免

5.將函數展開為傅立葉級數，或已給出傅立葉級數，要確定其在某點的和(通常要用狄里克雷定理);

6.綜合證明題。

八、微分方程

1.求典型類型的一階微分方程的通解或特解：這類問題首先是判別方程類型，當然，有些方程不直接屬于我們學過的類型，此時常用的方法是將x與y對調或作適當的變量代換，把原方程化為我們學過的類型;

2.求解可降階方程;

聲明：本資料由大家論壇考研論壇費公益性考研論壇，等待您的光臨！

3.求線性常系數齊次和非齊次方程的特解或通解;

4.根據實際問題或給定的條件建立微分方程并求解;

5.綜合題，常見的是以下內容的綜合：變上限定積分，變積分域的重積分，線積分與路徑無關，全微分的充要條件，偏導數等。

收集整理，轉載請注明出自無需積分，無需回復，只要你帶寬足夠大，你資料就足夠多！大家網考研論壇http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html http://club.topsage.com http://club.topsage.com/forum-28-1.html 真正的全免

第三篇：山東大學管理學歷年考研真題部分

1999年《管理學》試題

一、名詞解釋（3*5）

正式溝通 目標管理 組織 計劃效率 激勵

二、簡述（9*5）

1、簡述泰羅科學管理理論的主要內容

2、簡述影響管理寬度的主要因素

3、簡述控制工作的基本原理

4、簡述科學的決策程序

5、簡述人員配備的基本過程

三、論述（任選2題 20*2=40）

1、試述影響組織結構設計的主要因素及常見的組織結構模式（五種）

2、試述“以人為中心”管理理念的產生的歷史必然性及其在管理實踐中的指導意義

3、試述現代管理的基本原理及相應原則

2000年《管理學》試題

一、名詞解釋（3*5）

計劃工作 法約爾 反饋控制 非程序化決策 價值原則

二、簡答題(9*5)

1、法約爾一般管理理論的主要內容是什么？法約爾與泰羅的管理思想有何差異？

2、期望理論的內容是什么？據此理論應如何激發員工的工作積極性？

3、簡述部分劃分的方法

4、簡述系統原理及其相應原則

5、如何實現有效激勵？

三、論述題（任選2題 20*2）

1、試述當代各種管理學派的主要觀點，并分析評價其歷史地位及對管理的影響。

2、試述組織中職權的類型，并舉例說明在實際工作中應如何處理好直線人員、職能人員和參謀人員三者之間的關系。

3、試述影響領導效能的主要因素，并聯系實際談談如何提高領導效能。

2001年《管理學》試題

一、名詞解釋（5*3）

計劃

柔性管理

組織結構

前饋控制 組織文化

二、簡述（9*5）

1、權變管理學派的主要思想是什么？

2、簡述決策的類型

3、在管理中應如何合理的運用職能職權？

4、簡述職務分析在組織管理中的作用

5、簡述溝通的類型及特點

四、論述（第一題必答，2.3任選一提）

1、評述內容型激勵理論和過程型激勵理論，并聯系實際論述如何對員工進行有效的激勵（25分）

2、試論述部門劃分的原則及常見的部門劃分的方法（15分）

3、跨文化管理移植的特點是什么？如何有效地進行跨文化管理的移植？

2002年《管理學》試題

一、名詞解釋(3*5)亞當.斯密 勒溫的領導理論 人本原理 計劃評審技術 彼得原理

二、簡述(5*7)1．簡述人員考評的內容及相互關系 2．如何正確認識計劃工作中的“彈性原則”（舉例說明）

3．簡述組織生命周期理論 4．如何進行工作設計 5．簡述領導權變理論的主要內容

三、論述（任選2題 25*2=50）

1、試以歷史和發展的觀點，分析和說明傳統的以等級制為主要特征的組織結構向現代非等級制方向發展的歷史必然性

2、職業發展有幾個階段，如何認識職業定位的模式理論及職業發展的維度？分析自己的職業定位，并制定一份職業發展規劃

3、常用的激勵方法有哪些？說明其理論根源并舉例說明其實踐意義

2003年《管理學》試題

一、名詞解釋

公平理論 動態/人本原理 全面績效管理 事業部制 暈輪效應 哈羅的.孔茨 計劃評審技術

二、簡答

1、系統管理學派

2、領導權變

3、招聘的方法過程

4、管理環境分析

5、跨文化管理移植

三、論述

1、目標管理

2、溝通過程、障礙及改善

3、組織變革的原因

2004年《管理學》試題

一．名詞解釋（6*2.5）

1．管理創新 2．組織文化 3．斯金那 4．明茨伯格 5.組織結構 6.非程序決策 二．簡答（6*10）

1．怎樣正確運用職能職權 2．新組織結構學派 3．有效控制系統特征

4．勒溫領導風格理論 5．扁平式和直式結構 6．簡述雙因素理論的內容 三．論述（3*25）

1．當代管理理論 2．內容型激勵理論 3．簡述組織發展趨勢

2005年《管理學》試題

一.名詞解釋（15分）

預算控制 沖突 麥格雷戈 頭腦風暴法 麥金瑟 7S 二.簡答題（60分）1.組織文化的功能是什么？2.人類需要的特點是什么？

3.如何進行組織結構設計？4.倫理與法律的相比有什么特點/倫理及法律與效益的關系？

5.熊彼得的創新理論是什么？6.行為決策理論的內容？ 三.論述（任選其中2題，每題25分）1.如何提高自己的領導藝術？

2.組織的職位空缺時應通過那幾種渠道進行補缺？各有什么樣的利弊？

3.企業組織計劃和組織流程再造的特點及過程，包含那幾部分？ 四.材料試題（25）

由ABC三位大學生，10年后都升為單位的負責人，且同時參加了黨校培訓課，在談及自己上任后的做的第一件事情的時候，他們各有說法: A的方法是:召集單位上的領導班子成員進行集體的座談，傾聽他們的看法。

B的方法是:和單位上的領導班子成員單獨進行談話，了解他們的心聲，聽取他們對組織未來發展的看法。

C的看法是:通過很短的時間，深入單位的基層，進行調查研究，了解企業存在的主要問題，然后和單位的領導成員進行商量和協商。之后，AB對C的做法很感興趣，于是C說了自己接下來做的兩件事情。

1是:辦組織的一份“報刊“。2是:召開大會進行人事和獎懲制度改革。問題: 1.三者之間，你認為誰的方法是最好的，為什么？

AB對C的做法很感興趣，按照C的做法，你認為AB下一步的工作將是什么？

2.三者當選為單位的領導也不是偶然的，請結合材料，談一下一個優秀的領導者應該具備什么樣的素質？

3.結合所學知識，談一下如何才能做一個成功的領導者？

需要更多的歷年真題請聯系我索取：xiaoquan918@126.com

第四篇：2016考研數學：歷年微積分考查重點(精)

2016考研數學:歷年微積分考查重點

新大綱發布之后,網上有不少大綱解析文章。當然, 關于考研后期復習及復習策略,才 是同學們最關注的。選哪些資料,現階段看幾遍書,做題效率慢,二戰如何把握節奏等,凱 程考研的輔導專家就以問答的形式回答部分考生的疑問。

1.市面或網上的考研數學復習資料很多:考綱、各類文章、真題、各階段的模擬題, 那么考研數學復習的基本依據是什么 ? 基本依據是考綱和歷年真題。考試大綱是命題依據, 考生可以通過考綱獲得考研的最基 本也是最權威的信息, 如考試范圍和考試要求。而歷年真題在所有試題中含金量最高, 可以 通過對真題的分析獲得多方面的信息,如試題難度,核心考點等。

2.能否簡單概括考研數學的要求 ? 我們依據什么來回答這個問題呢 ? 我認為是對考綱和真題的分析。從考綱看,考研數學 對考生有掌握程度的要求,分為“了解”、“理解”和“掌握”;從考研真題看,考研數學 的要求如果用三個關鍵字概括,即:“基礎”、“方法”和“熟練”。

3.您說的“基礎”、“方法”和“熟練”具體指什么 ? 考生可任選一道考研真題, 該題可能有一定難度和綜合性, 但其分解之后的考點都在考 綱規定的考點范圍內,說明考研數學重基礎。

那么打牢基礎是否能輕松應對考試呢 ? 不夠,還需要在此基礎上總結方法。比如中值定 理相關的證明題是令不少考生頭痛的一類題。考生把基礎內容(閉區間上連續函數的性質、費馬引理、羅爾定理、拉格朗日定理、柯西定理 掌握好后(定理內容能完整表述,定理本身 會證 ,直接做真題,很可能沒什么思路,不知道朝哪個方向想。

知識從理解到應用有一個過程:理解了不代表會用, 應用還有個方向問題——在哪方面 應用呢 ? 這時真題的價值就顯現出來了:真題是很好的素材,通過對歷年真題的分析總結, 可以對真題的具體應用有直觀認識, 對真題的命題思路有全面認識。

換句話說, 通過對真題 “歸納題型, 總結方法” 可以讓考生知道拿到題目往哪個方向想。以中值定理相關的證明這 類題型為例,如果總結到位了, 就能達到如下效果:拿到一道此類型的題目,一般可以從條 件出發進行思考,看要證的式子是含一個中值還是兩個。若是一個,再看含不含導數, 若含 導數,優先考慮羅爾定理,否則考慮閉區間上連續函數的性質(主要是兩個定理——介值定 理和零點存在定理;若待證的式子含兩個中值,則考慮拉格朗日定理和柯西定理。

4.后面的時間如何安排,如何規劃 ? 一般來說,一個完整的考研復習周期為近一年的時間——從 3月到 12月,可以劃分為 “考研四季”:考研之春(3-6月 ,考研之夏(7-8月 ,考研之秋(9-10月 和考研之冬(11-12月。前三季對應考研數學的三個要求——“基礎”、“方法”和“熟練”,第四季的任務 是模擬演練,查漏補缺。

以上是大的規律性的東西。每位考生可以根據自身的情況制定自己的復習計劃。

5.您提到的“基礎”、“方法”我相對完整地過了一遍,那接下來怎么達到“熟練” 呢 ? 考生可能對考研沒有透徹的理解, 但一定對高考有較全面的把握。而考研數學和高考數 學有不少相似之處, 那么大家如何達到高考數學的 “熟練” 的要求呢 ? 多做題是有效的途徑。

做什么題 ? 真題和模擬題。優先選真題,市面上有十幾年的真題解析,網上也有一些資料。此外, 假設考生考數學三,那么不光做數三的歷年真題, 數一數二,只要在數三的考試范圍 內的真題,也要做。最后,想要達到“熟練”,分享一句賣油翁的話, “無他,唯手熟爾”。6.剛做了兩套測試卷,感覺不理想,您說的“基礎”、“方法”我好像都沒掌握好, 受打擊呀。

李開復說過“挫折不是懲罰,而是成長的契機”。測試成績不理想,感覺受打擊也是人 之常情。但更積極的態度是將其看成完善、提升的機會。暴露出問題不可怕, 甚至是必要的。我們還有相對充足的時間,完全可以有大幅度的提升。

你這種情況也不少。那既然發現了自己基礎不牢, 方法也未完全掌握, 那怎么做其實自 己也明白了。數學是很“誠實”的學科,有的文科自己沒有什么思路,還可以寫點自己的認 識,但數學沒有思路,真的寫不出什么來。所以從頭做起,扎扎實實是必不可少的。當然, 也不要忘記“考研之秋”的任務。

一、歷年微積分考試命題特點

微積分復習的重點根據考試的趨勢來看,難度特別是怪題不多,就是綜合性串題。以往考試選擇填空題比較少,而今年變大了。微積分一共 74分,填空、選擇占 32分。第一 是要把基本概念、基本內容有一個系統的復習,選擇填空題很重要。幾大運算,一個是求極 限運算,還有就是求導數,導數運算占了很大的比重,這是一個很重要的內容。當然,還有 積分, 基礎還是要把基本積分類型基礎搞清楚, 定積分就是對稱性應用。二重積分就是要分 成兩個累次積分。三大運算這是我們的基礎, 應該會算, 算的概念比如說極限概念、導數概 念、積分概念。

二、微積分中三大主要函數

微積分處理的對象有三大主要函數, 第一是初等函數, 這是最基礎的東西。在初等 函數的基礎上對分段函數, 在微積分的概念里都有分段函數, 處理的一般方法應該掌握。還 有就是研究生考試最常見的是變限積分函數。這是我們經常遇到的三大基本函數。

三、微積分復習方法

微積分復習內容很多, 題型也多, 靈活度也大。怎么辦呢 ? 這其中有一個調理辦法, 首先要看看輔導書、聽輔導課, 老師給你提供幫助,會給你一個比較系統的總結。老師總結 的東西, 比如說我在考研網輔導課程中總結了很多的點, 每一個點要掌握重點, 要舉一反三 搞清楚。從具體大的題目來講, 基本運算是考試的重要內

容。應用方面,無非是在工科強調 物理應用,比如說旋轉體的面積、體積等等。在經濟里面的經濟運用,彈性概念、邊際是經 濟學的重要概念,包括經濟的函數。還有一個更應該掌握的, 比如集合、旋轉體積應用面等 等,大的題目都是在經濟基礎上延伸出的問題,只有數學化了之后,才能處理數學模型。還有中值定理, 還有微分學的應用, 比如說單調性、凹凸性的討論、不等式證明等 等。應用部分包括證明推斷的內容。

簡單概括一下就是三個基本函數要搞清楚, 三大運算的基礎要搞熟, 概念點要看看 參考書地都有系統的總結,哪些點在此就不一一列了。計算題、應用題、函數微分學延伸出 的證明題都要搞熟。

凱程教育: 凱程考研成立于 2005年,國內首家全日制集訓機構考研,一直從事高端全日制輔導,由李 海洋教授、張鑫教授、盧營教授、王洋教授、楊武金教授、張釋然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩 教授等一批高級考研教研隊伍組成, 為學員全程高質量授課、答疑、測試、督導、報考指導、方法指導、聯系導師、復試等全方位的考研服務。

凱程考研的宗旨:讓學習成為一種習慣;凱程考研的價值觀口號:凱旋歸來,前程萬里;信念:讓每個學員都有好最好的歸宿;使命:完善全新的教育模式,做中國最專業的考研輔導機構;激情:永不言棄,樂觀向上;敬業:以專業的態度做非凡的事業;服務:以學員的前途為已任,為學員提供高效、專業的服務,團隊合作,為學員服務,為學 員引路。

如何選擇考研輔導班: 在考研準備的過程中, 會遇到不少困難, 尤其對于跨專業考生的專業課來說, 通過報輔導班 來彌補自己復習的不足, 可以大大提高復習效率, 節省復習時間, 大家可以通過以下幾個方 面來考察輔導班,或許能幫你找到適合你的輔導班。

師資力量:師資力量是考察輔導班的首要因素, 考生可以針對輔導名師的輔導年限、輔導經 驗、歷年輔導效果、學員評價等因素進行綜合評價,詢問往屆學長然后選擇。判斷師資力量 關鍵在于綜合實力, 因為任何一門課程, 都不是由

一、兩個教師包到底的, 是一批教師配合 的結果。還要深入了解教師的學術背景、資料著述成就、輔導成就等。凱程考研名師云集, 李海洋、張鑫教授、方浩教授、盧營教授、孫浩教授等一大批名師在凱程授課。而有的機構 只是很普通的老師授課,對知識點把握和命題方向,欠缺火候。

對該專業有輔導歷史:必須對該專業深刻理解, 才能深入輔導學員考取該校。在考研輔導班 中,從來見過如此輝煌的成績:凱程教育拿下 2015五道口金融學院狀元,考取五道口 15人,清華經管金融碩士 10人,人大金融碩士 15個,中財和貿大金融碩士合計 20人,北師 大教育學 7人, 會計碩士保錄班考取 30人,翻譯碩士接近20人,中傳狀元王園璐、鄭家威 都是來自凱程,法學方面,凱程在人大、北大、貿大、政法、武漢大學、公安大學等院校斬 獲多個法學和法碩狀元, 更多專業成績請查看凱程網站。在凱程官方網站的光榮榜, 成功學 員經驗談視頻特別多, 都是凱程戰績的最好證明。對于如此高的成績, 凱程集訓營班主任邢 老師說,凱程如此優異的成績, 是與我們凱程嚴格的管理,全方位的輔導是分不開的, 很多 學生本科都不是名校, 某些學生來自二本三本甚至不知名的院校, 還有很多是工作了多年才 回來考的, 大多數是跨專業考研,他們的難度大, 競爭激烈, 沒有嚴格的訓練和同學們的刻 苦學習,是很難達到優異的成績。最好的辦法是直接和凱程老師詳細溝通一下就清楚了。

建校歷史:機構成立的歷史也是一個參考因素,歷史越久,積累的人脈資源更多。例如,凱 程教育已經成立 10年(2005年,一直以來專注于考研,成功率一直遙遙領先,同學們有 興趣可以聯系一下他們在線老師或者電話。

有沒有實體學校校區:有些機構比較小, 就是一個在寫字樓里上課, 自習, 這種環境是不太 好的, 一個優秀的機構必須是在教學環境,大學校園這樣環境。凱程有自己的學習校區,有 吃住學一體化教學環境,獨立衛浴、空調、暖氣齊全,這也是一個考研機構實力的體現。此 外,最好還要看一下他們的營業執照。

第五篇：BEC 歷年真題 部分

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（1）

The Negotiating Table

You can negotiate virtually anything.Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation.Some people negotiate deals for a living.Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on their??behalf.He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation.He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial.Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other.More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view.Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”.This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”.However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game.Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits.Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you.Pitch your look to suit your customer.You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable.People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them.They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side.Ask questions rather than give answers and take an

interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly.You do not need to become their best friends but being too clever will alienate them.A lot of deals are made on impressions.Do not rush what you are saying---put a few hesitations in , do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity.Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed.Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste.However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this becomes too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through.More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal.Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation.Their goals are totally selfish.They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly.If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him.If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail.They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing.So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order to

A put people at ease

B remain detached

C be competitive

D impress rivals Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning to

A convince the other party of their point of view

B show they are not really interested

C indicate they wish to take the easy option

D protect their company’s situation Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you should

A adapt your style to the people you are talking to

B make the other side feel superior to you

C dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you to

A gain their friendship

B speed up the negotiations

C plan your next move.Dconvince them of your point of view Deals sometimes fail because

A negotiations have gone on too long

B the companies operate in different ways

C one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you should

A be prepared to try every route

B try not to make people feel guilty

C be careful not to exhaust yourself

D control the decision-making process.關于negotiating techniques的文章。傳統的閱讀題型，相對比較容易。

15題，答案很明顯：he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation。幫助他抽離他的談話中的感情成分。要想選對，只需要知道選項B中detached的含義：not reacting to or becoming involved in something in an emotional way

16題，這題貌似只能采取排除法。因為幾個選項和原文的對應都不是太明顯。問為什么很多人在一開始要對一個建議說“不”。答案是第二段的最后一句：Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.。最高管理層在一開始可能會拒絕這個建議，因為這樣是一個更安全的選擇。但是如果他們真的不感興趣的話，他們就不會在那里（談判）了。A在這段文字中沒有提到，B不對，他們肯定是感興趣的，C也不對沒有提到，原文說的是safer option。選D，之所以會拒絕，因為從維護公司利益的角度，這樣是一個safer option。

17題，答案也很明顯：Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you.這里的兩個詞組可以解釋下：

dress down: to wear clothes that are more informal than the ones you would usually wear relate to :to feel that you understand someone's problem, situation etc

所以這個句子意思是穿的不那么正式，這樣可以讓另一方接近你。也就是A說的是你的風格適應你的談判對象。C不對，不是make you feel comfortable，而是make others feel comfortable。D也不對，可能會誤選，不是讓別人喜歡你，like太夸張了，只是容易接近。

18題，答案在第四段的第一句話：Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side.。走進另一方的世界，就是原文說的understanding the other person，目的是為了sell your proposal，也就是讓對方接受你的建議，選D。

19題，談判失敗的原因，答案是第五段的這么一句：More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal。公司文化沖突導致的。文化沖突，就是兩個公司在運作、理念等等上的不一致，選C：兩個公司以不同的方式運作。

20題，為什么要借鑒小孩子的辦法，原文最后一段提到小孩子的辦法就是，爸爸不行

找媽媽，媽媽不行就在感情上敲詐爺爺奶奶。此路不通就換另一條，就是A說的嘗試每一條路線。B沒有提到，C不對，原文說小孩子有inexhaustible supply of energy。D也沒有提到。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（2）

The Scientific Approach to Recruitment

When it(0)to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meeting.??Yet employers like to(21)themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes.In today’s competitive market place, the(22)of staff in many organizations is fundamental to the company’s success and, as a result , recruiters use all means at their disposal to(23)the best in the field.One method in particular that has(24)in popularity is testing , either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics , or ability￡aptitude testing(25)an organization with an extra way of establishing a candidate’s suitability for a role.It(26)companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one(27)of the recruitment process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real(28), scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual.The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and strong definition of the elements of each position to be(29)as the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties, the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CT and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any other tool employed in the(30)of recruitment.21.A suggest B convince C advise D believe

22.A worth B credit C quality D distinction

23.A secure B relies C attain D achieve

24.A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen

25.A provides B offers C contributes D gives

26.A lets B enables C agrees D admits

27.A portion B member C share D component

28.A extent B size C amount D measure

29.A occupied B met C filled D appointed A business B topic C point D affair

《The scientific approach to recruitment》，招人的科學方法。這篇完型比較簡單。完型填空也有兩種題型，兩種解題思路。一種是從意思上理解然后做出選擇，一種是根據單詞的用法。前者比較容易，后者很考驗語言功底。

21題，理解上下文的意思。前面說招人時的決定一般是在五分鐘以內做出的。但是雇主們試圖使自己詳細相信他們在挑選過程中是經過了深思熟慮的。Convince oneself，使確信。其他的詞沒有這個用法。

22題，員工的質量對公司的成功是至關重要的。選quality。

23題，招人者試圖利用一切方法來抓住這個領域最好的（人才），secure the best，抓住最好的。realise是實現，attain是獲得，后面不能接人，achieve是實現一個目標。

24題，rise in popularity，固定搭配，popularity是知名度的意思，這個詞組應該可以翻譯成聲名鵲起。

25題，provides with,提供。給組織提供另外一種方法。offer的用法是offer sb sth，contribute在這里意思不對。

26題，是公司能夠增加價值，enable

27題，這題的意思很明顯，測試（testing）作為招聘過程的一個組成部分，要區分選項的幾個單詞，尤其是portion和component，看英英解釋。

Component：one of several parts that together make up a whole machine, system etc

Portion：a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other parts

這里強調testing是一個組成部分，沒有說明特殊的地方，選component。

28題，對每個人未來的可能表現沒有一個真正的衡量。選measure。

29題，fill a position，填補空位，fill在這里的意思是to perform a particular job, activity, or purpose in an organization, or to find someone or something to do this。不能選occupy，因為occupy更強調人的一種主動，而這里只是客觀說某個需要填補的職位。

30題，in the business of，也是一種固定的說法，在什么的過程中。很多場合都可以使用。可以多看幾個例句：

We’re in the business of stimulating the economy（By Obama）

Energetics is a specialist management consultancy in the business of climate change

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（3）

There is a commonly held view that the only way to get(0)decent pay increase is to move on: to go out into the job market and find someone(31)is prepared to pay you a figure more in line(32)the talents you can offer.Whilst changing employers from time(33)time is something we probably all need to do to advance our careers in the directions we want them to take, it is nevertheless an activity that carries quite definite risks.Irrespective of(34)well we research prospective employers, a new job is still largely a step into the unknown.It may turn(35)to be a good move or it could prove to be a complete disaster : most of us(36)had

experience of both.The point here, though, is that changing employers is not something we want to be doing all the time and certainly not(37)time we feel the urge for better pay.We’d(38)taking more risks than we needed to just to achieve a pay rise.Getting a pay rise should always be viewed(39)a serious business.There are no quick fixes or gold methods with “ guaranteed “ results.Quick fixes only serve to trivialize the issues and could(40)some circumstances get you into very serous trouble indeed.答案及解析

關于加薪的文章，教你怎么樣實現加薪。這道題目不難，但是拋開題目，單說文章里談的加薪的方法，各位還是要辯證的看。要想人生第一份工作就找到自己滿意的，是挺難，可是以加薪為目的跳槽，也未必是什么明智的好辦法。

31題，太明顯的定語從句，前面是someone，那么當然填入表示人的關系代詞who。

32題，in line with，和什么一致，固定搭配，在中級的選詞版完型里常考到這個詞組。這句的意思是，找個一個愿意給你提供和你才能更加一致的薪水的人。

33題，from time to time，時不時的。changing employers from time to time，時不時的換老板。

34題，Irrespective of，同regardless of一樣，后面接讓步狀語從句，不管我們對可能的雇主研究的多么好，新的工作都是一個未知數。用how well。

35題，turn out to be，固定用法。

36題，換工作，要么是個好的舉措，要么將成為災難。而我們大多數人這兩種經歷都有。有這種經歷，是過去完成時，用have+done。

37題，理解前后文意思。換老板不是件我們經常愿意做的事情，并且也不是一想要加薪就要換老板。用every time，表示每次要加薪就準備換老板。

38題，這題有點難度，考驗人的語法功底。首先這個句子是虛擬語氣，We’d是we would的縮寫，而不是we had。是表示對將來的假設，我們要承擔更多的風險。所以用would be。

39題，比較明顯的，view as，將什么視作什么。

40題，和circumstance相關的詞組，很容易想到under/on some circumstance，在某種情況下。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（4）Genuine feedback would release resources to be used elsewhere.Managers are expected to enable their staff to work effectively.Experts are unlikely to facilitate a move to genuine feedback.There are benefits when methods of evaluating performance have been negotiated.Appraisals tend to focus on the nature of the face-to-face relationship between employees and their line managers.The idea that employees are responsible for what they do seems reasonable.Despite experts’ assertion, management structures prevent genuine feedback An increasing amount of effort is being dedicated to the appraisal process.A

Performance appraisal is on the up and up.It used to represent the one time of year when getting on with the work was put on hold while enormous quantities of management hours were spent in the earnest ritual of rating and ranking performance.Now the practice is even more frequent.This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted.Human resources professionals claim that managers should strive for objectivity and thus for feedback rather than judgement.But the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback because performance measure are conceived hierarchically.Unfortunately, all too many workers suffer from the injustices that this generates.B

The notion behind performance appraisal-that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible.However, the evidence suggests that the premise

is wrong.Contrary to assumptions appraisal is not an effective means of performance improvement-it is judgement imposed rather than feedback, a judgement imposed by the hierarchy.Useful feedback , on the other hand, would be information that told both the manager and worker how well the work system functioned, and suggested ways to make it better.C

Within the production system at the car manufacturer Toyota, there is nothing that is recognizable as performance appraisal.Every operation in the system has an associated measure.The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager.In every case, the measure is related to the purpose of the work.That measure is the basis of feedback to the manager and worker alike.Toyota’s basic idea is expressed in the axiom “bad news first”.Both managers and workers are psychologically safe in the knowledge that it is the system-not the worker –that is the primary influence on performance.It is management’s responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitates their performance.D

In many companies , performance appraisal springs from misguided as assumptions.To judge achievement, managers use date about each worker’s activity, not an evaluation of the process or system’s achievement of purpose.The result is that performance appraisal involves managers’ judgement overruling their staff’s, ignoring the true influences on performance.Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss, particularly in meetings, which is psychologically unsafe and socially driven, determining who is “in” and who is “ out”.E

When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business.No time will

be wasted in appraisal.This requires a fundamental shift in the way we think about the organization of performance appraisals, which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession.關于員工評估和反饋的文章。一個組織內部的上下級溝通真的太重要了。

第一題，說真正的反饋可以釋放用在別處的資源。意思上真正的反饋可以讓人騰出精力。答案是E段的第一句：When judgement is replaced by feedback in the true sense, organizations will have a lot more time to devote to their customers and their business。這題的意思還算比較明顯，feedback in the true sense，就是genuine feedback，devote to their customers and the business,就是把資源釋放在別的地方。

第二題，說經理們是被期望著使員工工作得更有效率。答案是C段的最后一句：It is management’s responsibility to ensure that the workers operate in a system that facilitates their performance.經理們的責任，也就是managers are expected to，有利于他們的表現，就是enable their staff to work effectively。

第三題,說專家不大可能有利于真正反饋的進程。答案是E段的最后一句：which almost certainly will not be forthcoming from the human resources profession。人力資源專家，就是experts。需要理解下這里的forthcoming的含義：willing to divulge information.（人）愿意透露消息的。專家們不愿意透露消息，也就是不能指望專家來facilitate。

第四題，說商討評估表現的方法是有利的。答案是在C段，有點分散。前面說The measure has been worked out between the operators and their manager。這個措施是在操作者和經理們之間擬定的。between the operators and managers，也就是評估表現的方法是被商討了的。后面介紹的情況都是這個measure有多么的好：is the basis of feedback。綜合起來，就是選項說的，商討是有好處的。

第五題，說評估傾向聚焦于員工和他們直屬經理們之間面對面關系的性質。這個選項可能會弄的人一頭霧水，首先得弄明白這里的面對面關系指的是什么。員工和直屬經理的關系，就是上下級的關系，過分看重這個關系，那么在評估過程中就會有顧慮，誰還敢揭自己上司 的短？所以這個句子的意思是說評估過程中有顧忌，無人敢說真話。答案是D段的這么一句：Thus the appraisal experience becomes a question of pleasing the boss。評估過程成了討好自己的老板，說的就是這個意思。

P.S：這是我個人對這道題的理解，大家有異議，可以提。

第六題，說員工對他們所作負責的想法聽起來很合理。答案是B段的第一句：The notion behind performance appraisal-that workers should be held accountable for their performance-is plausible。這里的accountable就是負有責任。Plausible是貌似真實的，也就是seems reasonable。

第七題，說雖然有專家們的主張，管理層的結構阻止了真正的反饋。答案是A段的這么一句：the simple fact of the matter is that the nature of hierarchy distorts the concept of feedback。管理層的機構，就是這句里提到的the nature of hierarchy，等級制的性質。這個單詞在BEC閱讀里常出現。distort，扭曲，就是選項里的prevent。

第八題，說在評估過程中投入了更多的努力。答案是A段的這么一句，有點隱晦：Now the practice is even more frequent.This of course makes it all the more important how appraisal is conducted.這個句子是緊跟上文的，the practice指的就是appraisal。評估的更頻繁，評估是怎么進行的顯得更加重要。認為更加重要了（makes it all the more important），就會投入更多努力了。綜合起來，這些的意思就是評估過程投入了更多的努力。不太容易看出來。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（5）

In the last few years, managers throughout industry have seen more changes than many of them could have expected to see in their entire working lives having to communicate information which often leads to feelings of insecurity has become a key activity.From being regarded as relatively unimportant in many companies , management employee communication has become a central corporate need.Concordia International provides a good example of a company that has adjusted

well to the changing needs for communication.since 1995 , Concordia has been turned inside-out and upside-down, to ensure that it is a marketing –led, customer-responsive business, one that looks outwards at customers and competitors, rather than inwards at its own processes and the way things were done in the past.In the last eight years, Concordia has reduced its workforce by more than 80.000 peopleor 35%-on a voluntary basis, with further downsizing anticipated.減少了80000員工（或者說減少了35%的員工），預期還會減少更多。A選項是對的，made redundant是前面某套題目閱讀的第五部分考過的詞組；B不對，沒有完成（completed），因為預期還會裁減更多（with further downsizing anticipated）；C也不對，迷惑性最大，reduced its workforce of 80.000，用了介詞of，所以這句的意思是一共就80000員工，而實際情況是減少了80000

員工；D不對，35%的員工被裁減，都是在自愿的基礎上的，而不是離開的人中有35%是自愿的。

16題，問根據此人的觀點，溝通的角色是什么。也就是問溝通的目的或者作用是什么。答案在第三段。溝通是為了幫助人樹立自信，說服他們雖然要面臨一些變化，但是同樣也會擁有一些新的機會。說白了，就是鼓勵這些被裁的人。答案選C，強調變化的積極方面。這里的positive aspects是對前面說的bring with them new opportunities的一個概括。（想起了電影《在云端》，up in the air，里面那個老男人的工作就是職業裁員專家，專門對被裁的人說些這樣的話。）

17題，問調查顯示大多數人對change的反應是什么。這題在答案中也很明顯，但是選項很糾結。都有點似是而非。The second category, usually the majority, may respond to threatened changes with a feeling of having been let down.,and even feel anger at the company for what they see as changing the terms of their employment.大多數員工的反應就是很失望，甚至會很憤怒。個人覺得這題出的不夠嚴謹，沒有哪個選項能嚴格從原文中提煉出來。對比下D要好點，因為對公司失望和憤怒，就是覺得受到了不公正的待遇。此題有待高手補充更完美的理由。

18題，問溝通過程主要依賴于什么。答案是第五段的這句：people prefer to get their information face-to-face from their line managers。喜歡面對面的從直屬經理那里獲取信息。所以選C，個人的交流。

19題，問組織內部提供信息的指導準則是什么。最后一段的第一句就是：The general rule in company communication is to tell employees as much as you can as soon as you can。盡可能的快，盡可能的多。不能提供細節的，至少給個大致的背景消息（put the news in context）。時機成熟了，再告知更多。選B：在可能的最早的階段讓人有個總體的印象。

20題，給文章選標題。這種題在BEC的閱讀里還真不多見。選標題，就是要挑選文章的最主要意思，從整體上把握文章的main ideas。這篇文章通篇說的就是communication，前面介紹了溝通的背景：裁員；接著說了員工對裁員的反應；然后最后兩段，一段說員工喜

歡什么樣的溝通方式，一段說溝通的原則是什么。綜合起來，就是關于怎樣進行有效溝通的問題。選B。A不對，片面了，只是文中某部分的內容，并且這部分內容是為后面做背景介紹，不是主要的；C不對，不是簡單的research，research僅僅是介紹狀況，文章還有關于實現措施的。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（6）

The Negotiating Table

You can negotiate virtually anything.Projects, resources, expectations and deadlines are all outcomes of negotiation.Some people negotiate deals for a living.Dr Herb Cohen is one of these professional talkers, called in by companies to negotiate on their behalf.He approaches the art of negotiation as a game because, as he is usually negotiating for somebody else, he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation.He is working in a competitive field and needs to avoid being too adversarial.Whether he succeeds or not, it is important to him to make a good impression so that people will recommend him.The starting point for any deal, he believes, is to identify exactly what you want from each other.More often than not, one party will be trying to persuade the other round to their point of view.Negotiation requires two people at the end saying ‘yes”.This can be a problem because one of them usually begins by saying “no”.However, although this can make talks more difficult, this is often just a starting point in the negotiation game.Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.It is a misconception that skilled negotiators are smooth operators in smart suits.Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you.Pitch your look to suit your customer.You do not need to make them feel better than you but, For example, dressing in a style that is not

overtly expensive or successful will make you more approachable.People will generally feel more comfortable with somebody who appears to be like them rather than superior to them.They may not like you but they will feel they can trust you.Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side.Ask questions rather than give answers and take an interest in what the other person is saying, even if you think what they are saying is silly.You do not need to become their best friends but being too clever will alienate them.A lot of deals are made on impressions.Do not rush what you are saying---put a few hesitations in , do not try to blind them with your verbal dexterity.Also, you should repeat back to them what they have said to show you take them seriously.Inevitably some deals will not succeed.Generally the longer the negotiations go on, the better chance they have because people do not want to think their investment and energies have gone to waste.However , joint venture can mean joint risk and sometimes , if this becomes too great , neither party may be prepared to see the deal through.More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal.Even having agreed a deal, things may not be tied up quickly because when the lawyers get involved, everything gets slowed down as they argue about small details.De Cohen thinks that children are the masters of negotiation.Their goals are totally selfish.They understand the decision-making process within families perfectly.If Mum refuses their request , they will troop along to Dad and pressure him.If al else fails, they will try the grandparents, using some emotional blackmail.They can also be very single-minded and have an inexhaustible supply of energy for the cause they are pursuing.So there are lesson to be learned from watching and listening to children.Dr Cohen treats negotiation as a game in order to

A put people at ease

B remain detached

C be competitive

D impress rivals Many people say “no” to a suggestion in the beginning to

A convince the other party of their point of view

B show they are not really interested

C indicate they wish to take the easy option

D protect their company’s situation Dr Cohen says that when you are trying to negotiate you should

A adapt your style to the people you are talking to

B make the other side feel superior to you

C dress in a way to make you feel comfortable.D try to make the other side like you According to Dr Cohen, understanding the other person will help you to

A gain their friendship

B speed up the negotiations

C plan your next move.D convince them of your point of view Deals sometimes fail because

A negotiations have gone on too long

B the companies operate in different ways

C one party risks more than the other.D the lawyers work too slowly Dr Cohen mentions children’s negotiation techniques to show that you should

A be prepared to try every route

B try not to make people feel guilty

C be careful not to exhaust yourself

D control the decision-making process.關于negotiating techniques的文章。傳統的閱讀題型，相對比較容易。

15題，答案很明顯：he says this helps him drain the emotional content from his conversation。幫助他抽離他的談話中的感情成分。要想選對，只需要知道選項B中detached的含義：not reacting to or becoming involved in something in an emotional way

16題，這題貌似只能采取排除法。因為幾個選項和原文的對應都不是太明顯。問為什么很多人在一開始要對一個建議說“不”。答案是第二段的最后一句：Top management may well reject the idea initially because it is the safer option but they would not be there if they were not interested.。最高管理層在一開始可能會拒絕這個建議，因為這樣是一個更安全的選擇。但是如果他們真的不感興趣的話，他們就不會在那里（談判）了。A在這段文字中沒有提到，B不對，他們肯定是感興趣的，C也不對沒有提到，原文說的是safer option。選D，之所以會拒絕，因為從維護公司利益的角度，這樣是一個safer option。

17題，答案也很明顯：Dr Cohen says that one of his strategies is to dress down so that the other side can relate to you.這里的兩個詞組可以解釋下：

dress down: to wear clothes that are more informal than the ones you would usually wear

relate to :to feel that you understand someone's problem, situation etc

所以這個句子意思是穿的不那么正式，這樣可以讓另一方接近你。也就是A說的是你的風格適應你的談判對象。C不對，不是make you feel comfortable，而是make others feel comfortable。D也不對，可能會誤選，不是讓別人喜歡你，like太夸張了，只是容易接近。

18題，答案在第四段的第一句話：Dr Cohen suggests that the best way to sell your proposal is by getting into the world of the other side.。走進另一方的世界，就是

原文說的understanding the other person，目的是為了sell your proposal，也就是讓對方接受你的建議，選D。

19題，談判失敗的原因，答案是第五段的這么一句：More common is a corporate culture clash between companies, which can put paid to any deal。公司文化沖突導致的。文化沖突，就是兩個公司在運作、理念等等上的不一致，選C：兩個公司以不同的方式運作。

20題，為什么要借鑒小孩子的辦法，原文最后一段提到小孩子的辦法就是，爸爸不行找媽媽，媽媽不行就在感情上敲詐爺爺奶奶。此路不通就換另一條，就是A說的嘗試每一條路線。B沒有提到，C不對，原文說小孩子有inexhaustible supply of energy。D也沒有提到。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（7）

Sweet smell of excess-for just ￡ 47.874 a bottle

The marketing says it is the “ ultimate symbol of indulgence and truly impeccable taste”.A new scent, named V1, has(0)launched for Christmas-retailing at just ￡47.874.The makers are proudly promoting it(31),the “ world’s most expensive perfume” and are confident of selling the limited edition of 173 bottles-(32)it should be exactly 173 bottles is not made clear in the publicity for the product.Although carefully priced at just under the ￡50.000 mark, this perfume is clearly(33)something for anyone who considers ￡30 too much to pay for a bottle of eau-de-toilette.Those(34)are potential customers will certainly be reassured to learn that a case covered in rubies and diamonds is included free(35)charge.Purchasers are assured of further savings, with unlimited scent refills guaranteed indefinitely-at no extra cost.The fragrance is the idea of Arfaq Hussain, a 27-year-old clothes designer who first made a name(36)himself with an air-conditioned jacket he was asked to make

by the singer Michael Jackson(37)far, Mr Jackson is the only person to(38)placed an order-he wants two, according to Mr Hussain.Mr Hussain is unconcerned at having no previous experience of perfumery.“ It’s so(39)more than a perfume----it’s a piece of jewellery, too.” explained Mr Hussain.He attempted to describe the ￡47.874 sensation.“ it is delicate , fragrant and quite unique.When you open the lid, it takes you totally away.It’s just(40)being surrounded by thousands of wild flowers and roses.這是高級閱讀部分的一個新題型。不僅中級里面沒有，一般的英語考試也沒有。填詞版的完形填空。乍一看會覺得很難，有點像是主觀題。其實題型什么的都是次要的，都是借著題型這個外殼考察語言功底。只要基本功夠扎實，完全可以通過摸準不同題型的特點來做出正確的答案。

具體說BEC H里的填詞版完型，里面填入的詞主要是連詞、介詞和代詞，一般不會讓你填入那種需要發揮超級想象力才能想得出的形容詞和動詞。做題的思路有兩種，一種是固定用法、常見表達，一種是從語法角度分析句子結構，來判斷句子缺失的成分。

這篇文章講的是一種昂貴的新型香水，走的是高端路線。

31題，這題答案很明顯。圣誕發布的香水，制作者打算將它開發成“世界上最昂貴的香水”（most expensive perfume），promote?.as，將什么給開發成什么。

32題，要從意思和句子結構上進行分析。前面說發售限量版的173瓶香水，后面一個破折號做進一步的說明。從意思上看，詞組made clear很關鍵，表原因的；而從句子成分上看，這里就是關系代詞引導的從句在句子中充當補充成分。而能夠表示原因的關系代詞，是why。

33，34，35,這三道題也很明顯。33題從意思上做，這個香水肯定是不適合認為30英鎊的香水很貴的人，所以是填not，表否定；34題，those who的搭配，應該夠的上條件反射的級別，those who are potential customer，那些是潛在客戶的人；35題，free of charge，免費，固定搭配。

36題，這題考察的也是一個固定搭配，make a name for oneself，使?出名。這個香

水的創意來自一個服裝設計師，而此人最早出名是因為邁天王讓他制作了一件空調夾克（air-conditioned jacket）。

37題，截止目前邁天王是唯一的下了訂單的人。So far，截止目前。

38題，下了訂單。have done，表示完成的意思。

39題，理解句子的意思+固定用法的使用。這個句子的意思很明顯：它不僅僅是一瓶香水，它還是一件珠寶。所以空格前后搭配的意思應該是不僅僅。用so much more than。例如：so much more than just a home。

40題，最后幾句話都是夸贊這個香水的。多么的精致獨特。而當你打開香水的時候，你整個人都被take away了，就像是被成千上萬的野花和玫瑰簇擁著。說香水，卻扯到wild flowers和rose上面去了，所以是比喻，用like。

BEC商務英語高級考試歷年真題（8）

The Scientific Approach to Recruitment

When it(0)to selecting candidates through interview, more often than not the decision is made within the first five minutes of a meeting.Yet employers like to(21)themselves that they are being exceptionally thorough in their selection processes.In today’s competitive market place, the(22)of staff in many organizations is fundamental to the company’s success and, as a result , recruiters use all means at their disposal to(23)the best in the field.One method in particular that has(24)in popularity is testing , either psychometric testing, which attempts to define psychological characteristics , or ability￡aptitude testing(25)an organization with an extra way of establishing a candidate’s suitability for a role.It(26)companies to add value by identifying key elements of a position and then testing candidates to ascertain their ability against those identified elements.The employment of psychometric or ability testing as one(27)of the recruitment

process may have some merit, but in reality there is no real(28), scientific or otherwise, of the potential future performance of any individual.The answer to this problem is experience in interview techniques and strong definition of the elements of each position to be(29)as the whole recruitment process is based on few real certainties, the instinctive decisions that many employers make, based on a CT and the first five minutes of a meeting, are probably no less valid than any other tool employed in the(30)of recruitment.21.A suggest B convince C advise D believe

22.A worth B credit C quality D distinction

23.A secure B relies C attain D achieve

24.A lifted B enlarged C expanded D risen

25.A provides B offers C contributes D gives

26.A lets B enables C agrees D admits

27.A portion B member C share D component

28.A extent B size C amount D measure

29.A occupied B met C filled D appointed A business B topic C point D affair

《The scientific approach to recruitment》，招人的科學方法。這篇完型比較簡單。完型填空也有兩種題型，兩種解題思路。一種是從意思上理解然后做出選擇，一種是根據單詞的用法。前者比較容易，后者很考驗語言功底。

21題，理解上下文的意思。前面說招人時的決定一般是在五分鐘以內做出的。但是雇主們試圖使自己詳細相信他們在挑選過程中是經過了深思熟慮的。Convince oneself，使確信。其他的詞沒有這個用法。

22題，員工的質量對公司的成功是至關重要的。選quality。

23題，招人者試圖利用一切方法來抓住這個領域最好的（人才），secure the best，抓住最好的。realise是實現，attain是獲得，后面不能接人，achieve是實現一個目標。

24題，rise in popularity，固定搭配，popularity是知名度的意思，這個詞組應該可以翻譯成聲名鵲起。

25題，provides with,提供。給組織提供另外一種方法。offer的用法是offer sb sth，contribute在這里意思不對。

26題，是公司能夠增加價值，enable

27題，這題的意思很明顯，測試（testing）作為招聘過程的一個組成部分，要區分選項的幾個單詞，尤其是portion和component，看英英解釋。

Component：one of several parts that together make up a whole machine, system etc

Portion：a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other parts

這里強調testing是一個組成部分，沒有說明特殊的地方，選component。

28題，對每個人未來的可能表現沒有一個真正的衡量。選measure。

29題，fill a position，填補空位，fill在這里的意思是to perform a particular job, activity, or purpose in an organization, or to find someone or something to do this。不能選occupy，因為occupy更強調人的一種主動，而這里只是客觀說某個需要填補的職位。

30題，in the business of，也是一種固定的說法，在什么的過程中。很多場合都可以使用。可以多看幾個例句：

We’re in the business of stimulating the economy（By Obama）

Energetics is a specialist management consultancy in the business of climate change

Time for a new career

“losing your job isn’t the end of the world: it gives you’re the chance the a new beginning(0)says Caroline Poole, 30, Who was made redundant(31)her role

as head of marketing campaigns with an insurance group two years ago.The news was a blow, especially after a successful nine-year career with the business, but she was determined to see redundancy(32)a positive force for change.(33)it seemed a tough lesson at the time, redundancy was the catalyst that redirected my career, “ says Caroline “It gave me the break I needed to understand(34)my career objectives lay.”

Working with a consultant, Caroline explored a number of work options that oppealed to her.She also took advantage of workshops on issues(35)as setting up your own business, and managing your finances.A key consideration for her was(36)easy it would be to balance working in London with home life 100 kilometers away.She was encouraged to network(37)other marketing professionals and via this route made contact with a communications agency.She took time out to go travelling , and on her return was offered a role in the agency.(38)was proof to her that she still had marketable skills.Two years(39)from redundancy, Caroline is planning another career break.“ The experience of redundancy has made me view my options with more confidence.I now know that I can dictate my own career path, even(40)it were to mean resigning first and then taking time to find the right direction” she says.填詞版的完形填空，關于失業之后該如何開始新的職業生活的。這些文章讀多了，對人是會有啟發的。此外，這種題型也很考驗人的語言功底，短語積累和基本的語法知識是必不可少的。

31題，考查的是固定搭配。這里的意思很明顯，是指這個女的在自己的職位上被開除了，make redundant是商業英語里的地道說法：Follow a fair and legal process when it's necessary to dismiss staff on the grounds of redundancy.如果是made redundant，后面的介詞用from，可以看個例句：Just been made redundant from your last job？

32題，比較簡單，see as，將什么視為。將失業視為改變的積極動力。

33題，雖然是艱難的一課(a tough lesson)，還是改變了我的職業方向(redirect my career)，有轉折的意思，although和though。

34題，這是個定語從句，當中要填入的是關系代詞。給了我需要的時間，來弄明白我的職業目標放在哪。用where。

35題，這題很明顯，舉例的，用such as。

36題，分析這個句子的成分。前面是a key consideration,做主語，有個was，是謂語，was后面的是賓語。在賓語成分里出現了it would be to balance?..這樣的完整的句子，所以空格部分應該填入一個詞，引導從句，并且這個詞所接從句必須倒裝。滿足這個要求的詞是how。（How引導的狀語從句要求部分倒裝）

37題，network with，詞組：connect as or operate with a network，將?連成網。

38題，還是個定語從句。一個完整的句子，缺乏關系代詞來銜接，要用which。關鍵在于要識別出這里的定語從句，否則很難往那上面想。在做這類題目時，如果一個句子各種成分都很齊全，而且比較長，那么是從句的可能性很大，要根據上下文的意思來判斷填入的代詞。題目做多了，會培養出這方面的警覺性。

39題，two years on，固定說法，兩年以后，兩年過去了。

40題，很容易聯想到even if或者是even though，只能填if不能填though。這是兩個意思和用法都不同的詞組。even if，即便，帶有假設的意思，后面接虛擬語氣；even though，即使，表示既定事實。40空后面的句子是虛擬語氣，因此這個題目只能填if。