第一篇：2010高考二輪復習英語學案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構

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2010高考二輪復習英語學案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構

【典例精析】

1.（08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 【解題】A非謂語動詞see構成的短語與句子的主語I即其邏輯主語之間是主動關系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現在分詞。

2.(08全國卷I)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 【解題】B在主系表結構中,當表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時,其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時間,原因,結果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選B。此處為特殊情況。

3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed?----Yes.But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.A.to find B.find C.to be finding D.finding 【解題】 A 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進行,因此用一般式,選A。

4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing B.reused

C.reuses

D.to be reused 【解析】D 考查動詞不定時的用法。句意為：現在人們有時把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復利用。重新再利用是指將來發生的動作，而且是被動的。故選D。

5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補充完整就不難看出：If they are given the right kind of training , 可知主語they 即these teenager soccer players與give 之間是被

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動的關系，所以用過去分詞。根據主、從句主語一致可省略從句主語的原則，連詞if 也可省，所以得出given the right kind of training , these teenager soccer players?? 6.（09江西）The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.A.forced B.forcing C.to be forced D.having forced 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞的用法。現在分詞短語作后置定語，修飾new laws ,相當于which forces ??...7.（09海南）The children all turned_____the famous actress as she entered the classroom.A.looked at B.to look at C.to looking at D.look at 【解析】B。句意為：當那位著名的女演員走進了教室，所有的孩子都轉過頭去看她。turn to 表示“轉向，求助”的意思。

8.(09海南)Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ? A.taking B.take

C.taken

D.to take 【解析】C。考查with +賓語+賓語補足語的用法。句意為：現在,我們已經討論了問題,是人們最滿意的決定？ take 與the decisions之間存在的關系是動賓關系，故用過去分詞表示被動

9.（09山東）We are invited to a party _________in our club next Friday.A.to be held B.held C.being held D.holding 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞的用法，由next month可知時間是在將來，party是被舉行，故選A。

10（09陜西）I still remember to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.A.to take B.to be taken C.taking D.being taken 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。此處非謂語動詞做remember的賓語，而remember后用非謂語動詞做賓語時，可以用v-ing形式，v-ing表示的動作已經完成，也可用動詞不定式，表示的動作還未發生，根據后文的saw可知此處非謂語動詞動作已經完成，且與邏輯主語是被動關系，用v-ing的被動式，選D。

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11.（09福建）not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.A.Reminding B.Reminded C.To remind D.Having reminded 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經發生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選B。

12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked C.having marked D.being marked 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現在分詞，選A。

13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A.would open B.opened

C.had opened D.was to open

【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時的用法。句意為：當他要打開門的時候,他發現他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時表示將要發生的動作。

14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering C.lived;wondered

B.lived;wondering

D.living;wondered 【解析】A 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛,是一個工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關于他的未來?，F在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。

【專題突破】依據非謂語動詞各個不同類型的考查方式和特點?？梢圆捎梅侵^語動詞和獨立主格結構的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時間關系；5.分析特殊情況。獨立主格結構的“五步驟”：1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念；2.認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能；3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別；4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能；5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。當然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上“五步驟” 有時只需通過一兩個步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要

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同學們在訓練中嚴格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。

1.I don’t know whether you happen ____ it, but I’m going to study in the U.S.A.this September.A.to be heard B.to be hearing C.to hear D.to have heard 2._____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.A.Tiring;to admire B.Being tired;admiring C.Tired;to admire D.Tired;admiring 3.Don’t leave the water ____ while you brush your teeth.A.run B.running C.being run D.to run 4.He looked around and caught a man _____ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be put C.to put D.putting 5._____ the diamond, he had to look for a place to hide it.A.Having stolen B.Having been stolen C.Stolen D.Stealing 6.To answer correctly is more important than _____.A.that you finish quickly B.finishing quickly C.to finish quickly D.finish quickly 7.You will see this product made in this factory _____ wherever you go.A.to be advertised B.advertised C.advertise D.advertising 8.The monument was built in honor of the explorer who was believed _____ the river.A.to have discovered B.to have been discovered C.to discover D.having been discovered 9.—— Have you considered _____ your job as a teacher? ——Yes.I like the job because a teacher is often considered _____ a gardener.A.to change;to be B.to change;being C.changing;being D.changing;to be 10.Mr.Green is said _____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.A.to do B.to have done C.to be doing D.to have been doing

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11.Seeing the soldiers well _____ for the flood-fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 12.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

13.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A.permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 14.The speech ______ a lively discussion started.A.being delivered B.was delivered C.be delivered D.having been delivered 15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 16.All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.considered B.be considered C.considering D.having considered 參考答案：

1.【解析】D happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時, 表示一個已經完成了的動作,強調對于現在的影響.2.【解析】C tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth.停下來去做另外一件事

3.【解析】B非謂語動詞作賓語補足語時,選項A、D表示將來可能發生的動作;B表示賓語持續性動作,根據句意選B,表示水不停地流出。

4.【解析】D catch sb doing sth表示發覺或當場捉住 sb在做一件事情。

5.【解析】A從動作發生的時間來看，應是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。

6.【解析】C題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個非謂語動詞短語在形式上應保持一致。

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7.【解析】B advertise意為“為??登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product;advertised作賓語補足語。

8.【解析】A用不定式的完成式表示動作發生在(定語)從句謂語動作之前。

9.【解析】D consider 作“考慮”解時，后常接-ing形式（短語）作賓語；作“認為” 解時，后常接含有名詞、形容詞或to be的復合結構。

10【解析】B由when young可知此處應該用不定式的完成式，表示此動作發生在謂語動作之前。

11.【解析】C由固定短語be(well)prepared for可知此處應用過去分詞作賓補。

12.【解析】D.with +名詞（代詞）+分詞+介詞短語結構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時，其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞“手”與分詞“綁”是被動關系，因此用過去分詞，選D.13.【解析】B.本題中沒有連詞，它不是復合句，也不是并列句。句中使用了逗號，且we 小寫，可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結構。據此判斷，本句中使用的是獨立結構，其結構為：名詞+分詞。由于permit在這里翻譯為'天氣允許'，表主動，應用現在分詞，故選B。如果不會判斷獨立結構作狀語的形式，不妨將句子改為條件句，例如本句改為If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk.然后將if 去掉，再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。

14.【解析】D 句意：演講完后，開始了熱烈的討論。把握前后主語不一致，動作發生在之前，故選答案為D.15.【解析】A 句意：在其它條件相同的情況下，表達好的人肯定要比語言能力差的人更快地取得成功，前后的主語不一致，故選答案A.16.【解析】A 考慮了方方面面之后，原來計劃好的旅行不得不取消了,前后主語不一致，故答案為A。

【學法導航】非謂語動詞內容繁多,用法復雜,是學生們在英語學習過程中的最大難點,也是高考中的必考項目。獨立主格結構相對來說考查較少，但經常放在with復合結構中考查；同學們要想掌握他們的用法,輕松備戰高考,快速準確地解題,不妨牢記非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構基本、特殊用法以及解題“五步驟”，具體內容如下: 一.非謂語動詞“五步驟”

1.牢記核心意義。不定式表將來或能夠,動詞ing形式表主動或進行,過去分詞表被動或完成。2.分析句子成分。非謂語動詞在句中可充當主語、賓語、定語、表語、補語以及狀語。3.尋找邏輯主語,把握，前后主語一致性和主被動關系。非謂語動詞雖然在語法上沒有主語,但它仍表示的是動作,因此在意義上會有一個動作的發出者,這個發出者就是它的邏輯主語。

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作主語補足語,表語和狀語時,邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復合結構自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關系,用現在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進行,則用現在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進行式。

4.了解時間關系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,用一般式;如果發生在之前,則用完成式,如果強調正在進行,則用進行時;如果動作在將來發生,則用不定式。5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習慣用法,固定搭配等。二．獨立主格結構的“五步驟”

1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念。

最初的獨立主格結構就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結構，它的作用相當于狀語。

2.認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能。

我們清楚地看出獨立主格結構作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。

3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別。

分詞作狀語和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨立主格結構的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。

4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能。

要將復合句或并列句改成簡單句時，應注意：要根據分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語時邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當復合句或并列句的主語一致時，適合改成分詞作狀語；當復合句或并列句的主語不一致時，適合改成獨立主格結構作狀語。

5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。

有時將并列句或復合句改成簡單句時，應注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時，一律改成 being 形式，being 后面為非名詞時 being 可忽略。

獨立主格結構除了分詞式獨立主格結構之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨立主格結構，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結構，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時間狀語。

【專題綜合】1.____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being throwing 2.____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.taoti.tl100.com 你的首選資源互助社區

A.To walk B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 3.I hear they've promoted Tom, but he didn't mention ____ when we talked on the phone.A.to promote B.having been promoted C.having promoted D.to be promoted 4.The message is very important, so it is supposed ____ as soon as possible.A.to be sent B.to send C.being sent D.sending 5.____ around the Water Cube, we wre then taken to see the Bird's Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.A.Having shown B.To be shown C.Having been shown D.to show 6.We had an anxious couple of weeks ____for the results of the experiment A.wait B.to be waiting C.waited D.waiting 7.____ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.A.Fail B.Failed C.To fail D.Having failed 8.It is one of the funniest things ____ on the Internet so far this year.A.finding B.being found C.to find D.found 9.____ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having waited D.To have waited 10.----Can those ____at the back of the classroom hear me?-----No problem.A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat 11.He was busy writing a story, only _____once in a while to smoke a cigarette.A.to stop B.stopping C.to have stopped D.having stopped 12.Please remain ______;the winner of the prize will be announced soon.A.seating B.seated C.to seat D.to be seated 13.----they are quiet, aren't they?----yes.They are accustomed ______at meal.A.to talk B.to not talk C.to talking D.to not talking 14.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______as much

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as we can.A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 15.Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.A.working B.work C.to work D.worked 16.The soldier fell asleep ________.A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle 17.________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lights 18.____ the notice, he had an idea.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 參考答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 DDDCC 11-15BBDCA 16-19 ACDA

第二篇：2010高考二輪復習英語學案：專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構

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專題八 非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構

【典例精析】

1.（08北京）____ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she'd like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 【解題】A非謂語動詞see構成的短語與句子的主語I即其邏輯主語之間是主動關系,用在句首,中間與句子用逗號分開,表示伴隨情況,用作伴隨狀語,因此用現在分詞。

2.(08全國卷I)I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good ____.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 【解題】B在主系表結構中,當表語形容詞為good, light, heavy, difficult等時,其后常用不定式作狀語,表示時間,原因,結果等,且常用主動形式表示被動意義,因此選B。此處為特殊情況。

3.(08北京)----Did the book give the information you needed?----Yes.But ____ it, I had to read the entire book.A.to find B.find C.to be finding D.finding 【解題】 A 非謂語動詞短語與主句之間用逗號隔開,作狀語。根據句意:為了找到需要的信息,我不得不看完整本書的內容,表示目的。不定式常在句首作目的狀語,且此處不表示動作正在進行,因此用一般式,選A。

4.（09湖南）Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it.A.reusing

B.reused

C.reuses

D.to be reused 【解析】D 考查動詞不定時的用法。句意為：現在人們有時把他們的廢物分開，以便很容易被重復利用。重新再利用是指將來發生的動作，而且是被動的。故選D。

5.（09江西）_________ the right kind of training , these teenage soccer players may one day grew the international stars.A.Giving B.Having given C.To give D.Given 【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。如果把句子補充完整就不難看出：If they are given the right www.tmdps.cn 版權所有@高考資源網

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in a hurry.A.Reminding

B.Reminded

C.To remind D.Having reminded 【解析】B 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，邏輯主語是句子的主語the manager，非謂語動詞與句子主語是被動關系，且其表示的動作在謂語動詞set out之前已經發生，非謂語動詞用過去分詞，選B。

12.（09福建）In April, 2009, President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.A.marking B.marked

C.having marked D.being marked 【解析】A 考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞做狀語，其后有賓語，故與邏輯主語是主動關系，且表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時進行，用現在分詞，選A。

13.（09湖南）When he the door, he found his keys were nowhere.A.would open

B.opened

C.had opened

D.was to open

【解析】D 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定時的用法。句意為：當他要打開門的時候,他發現他的鑰匙不見了。動詞不定時表示將要發生的動作。

14.（09湖南）9．At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, in a small apartment near Boston and ______ what to do about his future.A.living;wondering C.lived;wondered

B.lived;wondering D.living;wondered 【解析】A 考查分詞的用法。句意為：29歲的大衛,是一個工人,住在一間小公寓在波士頓附近,不知怎么辦關于他的未來。現在分詞作定語修飾a worker，and 為并列連詞，連接相同的成份。

【專題突破】依據非謂語動詞各個不同類型的考查方式和特點?？梢圆捎梅侵^語動詞和獨立主格結構的“五步驟”做題法；即非謂語動詞的“五步驟”做題法：1.牢記核心意義；2.分析句子成分；3.尋找邏輯主語；4.了解時間關系；5.分析特殊情況。獨立主格結構的“五步驟”：1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念；2.認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能；3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別；4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能；5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。當然并非每道題都要全面考慮以上“五步驟” 有時只需通過一兩個步驟即可得到答案。我相信,只要同學們在訓練中嚴格按照這種思路去分析,就可以練就一雙火眼金睛,那么,再難的考查非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構的試題都是可以快速得到答案的。

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satisfaction.A.prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 12.The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

13.Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.A.permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting 14.The speech ______ a lively discussion started.A.being delivered B.was delivered C.be delivered D.having been delivered 15.______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A.Other things being equal B.Were other things equal C.To be equal to other things D.Other things to be equal 16.All things ______, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.considered

B.be considered

C.considering

D.having considered 參考答案：

1.【解析】D happen to have done sth 為不定式的完成時, 表示一個已經完成了的動作,強調對于現在的影響.2.【解析】C tired and out of breath為“形容詞和介詞短語”在句中作狀語。stop to do sth.停下來去做另外一件事

3.【解析】B非謂語動詞作賓語補足語時,選項A、D表示將來可能發生的動作;B表示賓語持續性動作,根據句意選B,表示水不停地流出。

4.【解析】D catch sb doing sth表示發覺或當場捉住 sb在做一件事情。

5.【解析】A從動作發生的時間來看，應是先偷鉆石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。

6.【解析】C題意為“正確做出答案要比快速完成更重要”。兩個非謂語動詞短語在形式上應保持一致。

7.【解析】B advertise意為“為??登廣告”。made in this factory作定語修飾product;advertised作賓語補足語。

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語。作主語補足語,表語和狀語時,邏輯主語為句子的主語;作賓語補足語,邏輯主語為賓語;作定語,邏輯主語是所修飾的先行詞;復合結構自帶邏輯主語。如果非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語的是主動關系,用現在分詞或不定式的主動式,如果是被動關系,則用過去分詞或不定式的被動式,如果表被動進行,則用現在分詞的被動式或不定式的被動進行式。

4.了解時間關系。如果非謂語動詞與句子的謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生,用一般式;如果發生在之前,則用完成式,如果強調正在進行,則用進行時;如果動作在將來發生,則用不定式。

5.分析特殊情況。主要是指一些習慣用法,固定搭配等。二．獨立主格結構的“五步驟”

1.認識獨立主格結構，建立獨立主格結構概念。

最初的獨立主格結構就是帶邏輯主語的分詞結構，它的作用相當于狀語。2.認清獨立主格結構的來源，理解獨立主格結構的功能。

我們清楚地看出獨立主格結構作狀語和分詞作狀語一樣來源于狀語從句。3.從邏輯主語的不同認識分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別。

分詞作狀語和獨立主格結構作狀語的區別就在于邏輯主語的不同，分詞的邏輯主語為主句的主語，獨立主格結構的邏輯主語就是分詞前邊的名詞或代詞。4.全面掌握獨立主格結構的功能。

要將復合句或并列句改成簡單句時，應注意：要根據分詞和獨立主格結構作狀語時邏輯主語的不同情況改寫句子，當復合句或并列句的主語一致時，適合改成分詞作狀語；當復合句或并列句的主語不一致時，適合改成獨立主格結構作狀語。5.熟悉獨立主格結構的不同類型，全面掌握獨立主格結構。

有時將并列句或復合句改成簡單句時，應注意：原句中含有 be 動詞時，一律改成 being 形式，being 后面為非名詞時 being 可忽略。

獨立主格結構除了分詞式獨立主格結構之外，還有介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式式獨立主格結構，即帶邏輯主語的介詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式結構，可用作伴隨狀語、條件狀語、原因狀語或時間狀語。

【專題綜合】1.____ their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being throwing 2.____ in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.www.tmdps.cn 版權所有@高考資源網

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much as we can.A.speak B.speaking C.spoken D.to speak 15.Lucy's new job paid twice as much as she had made _____in the restaurant.A.working B.work C.to work D.worked 16.The soldier fell asleep ________.A.with the candle burning B.burning the candle C.when he was burning the candle D.when burning the candle 17.________, the Tiananmen Square looks more beautiful.A.Being on B.When being on C.With all the lights on D.When it turns on all the lights 18.____ the notice, he had an idea.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 19.______ the notice, an idea came to his mind.A.When he was watching B.Watching C.When watching D.all the above 參考答案：1-5 CBBAC 6-10 DDDCC 11-15BBDCA 16-19 ACDA

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第三篇：山東省2013年高考英語二輪復習專題整合突破八 非謂語動詞

2013年高考第二輪復習英語山東版

八、非謂語動詞

真題試做

1．(2012山東高考，26)George returned after the war, only ______ that his wife had left him.A．to be told

B．telling C．being told

D．told 2．(2011山東高考，27)Look over there—there's a very long，winding path ______ up to the house.A．leading

B．leads C．led

D．to lead 3．(2010山東高考，23)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.A．completing

B．to complete C．completed

D．being completed 4．(2010山東高考，29)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.A．laid

B．laying C．to lay

D．being laid 考向分析

1．考查對謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的識別，要求明確句子的結構和意義，掌握非謂語動詞的基本用法。

2．考查不定式和動名詞作賓語的區別，要求掌握一些常見動詞后面所接賓語的形式。3．考查非謂語動詞作定語、狀語、補語時的區別，尤其是不定式、現在分詞短語、過去分詞短語所表示的不同時間、邏輯關系和意義?，F在分詞和不定式作結果狀語時的區別應引起足夠重視。

4．考查非謂語動詞的否定式、完成式、被動式及復合結構，要求掌握其構成形式、所表示的時間以及邏輯關系。

熱點例析

考點一：謂語與非謂語形式的識別

試題以復雜的結構和冗長的句式呈現，考查考生是否能瞻前顧后地分清句子成分、理解句子結構、明白句子意義，正確判斷、識別動詞在句中是否充當謂語。

【典例分析】(2012浙江高考，8)I think Tom，as the head of a big department，should either study regularly or ______ his job.A．quits

B．to quit C．quitting

D．quit 答案為D項。該句使用了either...or...并列結構，either后面是動詞原形study，or后面也應該是動詞原形quit，故選擇D項構成并列謂語。

(2012全國高考Ⅱ，10)Tony lent me the money，______ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping

B．to hope C．hoped

D．having hoped 答案為A項。由于空前沒有連詞，應排除謂語形式的C項，如果用hoped則應在空前加and；根據空前的逗號可排除B項，因為動詞不定式作目的狀語時其前不加逗號；“希望??”并不是發生在“托尼借給我錢”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony與hope之間存在主動關系，故選擇現在分詞hoping作狀語。

考點二：非謂語形式作主語

非謂語形式作主語時，形式主語it常用來代替不定式短語作主語。如：

C．to correct

D．correcting 答案為D項。在介詞by后面，and 前后連接兩個并列賓語，根據making可知此處選correcting。句意：一個人在犯錯和糾錯中學會一種語言。

考點四：非謂語形式作定語

1．時間關系不同：不定式作定語通常表示一個未發生的動作；現在分詞作定語通常表示一個正在進行的動作、經常性的動作或狀態；過去分詞作定語多表已完成的動作，或沒有一定的時間性(只表示被動)。如：

I have a lot of work to do.The tall girl standing there is a basketball player.This is a play written by Shakespeare.2．邏輯關系不同：不定式所修飾的詞可能是它的邏輯主語，也可能是它的邏輯賓語；現在分詞作定語時，它所修飾的詞一定是它的邏輯主語；過去分詞作定語所修飾的詞一般是它的邏輯賓語。如：

He is the first to get here.He is the man to depend on.He is the very person looking for you.A letter posted today will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.3．不定式為不及物動詞時，所修飾的名詞如果是地點、工具等，不要遺漏必要的介詞。如：

He found a good house to live in.【典例分析】(2012浙江高考，11)“It's such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table______ for customers.A．to be reserved

B．having reserved C．reserving

D．reserved 答案為D項。分析句子結構可知，此處應用非謂語形式修飾table，“桌子”是“被預訂或保留”的，所以用過去分詞短語作后置定語。

考點五：非謂語形式作狀語 1．不定式作狀語：

(1)表示目的，直接用不定式或so as to/in order to。如： He worked day and night to get the money.(2)表示結果，更常見于so...as to，such...as to，enough to，too...to結構中，only接不定式也常表示出乎意料的結果。如：

I visited him only to find him out.(3)表示原因，用在作表語的某些表示情感的形容詞或過去分詞后面，說明產生某種情緒的原因或是在哪方面存在謂語所表示的情況等。如：

They were very sad to hear the news.2．現在分詞作狀語：

現在分詞作狀語表示的必須是主語的一個動作，即分詞的邏輯主語就是句子的主語。現在分詞可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、結果狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。作原因狀語時，通常放在句首；作結果狀語時，通常放在句子后面，表示自然而然的結果。如：

Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.He fired his gun，killing the wolf.All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.3．過去分詞作狀語：

過去分詞的動作與句子的主語是邏輯上的動賓關系。

過去分詞可以作時間狀語、原因狀語、條件狀語、方式狀語和伴隨狀語。如： Seen from the hill，the city looks more beautiful.Given better attention，the cabbages could have grown better.【典例分析】(2012遼寧高考，29)This machine is very easy ______.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.A．operating

B．to be operating

A．to follow

B．following C．followed

D．follows 答案為B項。句意：這對老年夫婦經常晚飯后去公園散步，后面跟著他們的寵物狗。此處是with的復合結構，可排除D項；由于賓語dog與follow之間為邏輯上的主動關系，可排除C項；不定式一般表示將來，可排除A項；答案為B項，現在分詞形式作補語。

考點七：非謂語動詞的否定式、進行式、完成式和被動式 1．非謂語動詞的否定式均是在前面加not。He pretended not to see me.I regret not following his advice.Not having tried his best，he failed in the exam.2．不定式的進行式、完成式和被動式。

當謂語動詞表示的動作(情況)發生時，不定式動作正在進行，不定式要用進行式。The boy pretended to be working hard.當不定式的動作在謂語動作之前發生時，不定式要用完成式。I happened to have seen the film.當不定式的邏輯主語為不定式動作的承受者時，不定式要用被動式。The patient asked to be operated on at once.3．動名詞的完成式、被動式、完成被動式和帶有邏輯主語的復合結構。We remembered having seen the film.He came to the party without being invited.He forgot having been taken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.His not knowing English troubled him a lot.4．現在分詞的完成式和被動式。

當現在分詞的動作早于謂語動作之前發生時，現在分詞要用完成式。Having done his homework，he played basketball.當現在分詞的邏輯主語為其動作的承受者時，現在分詞要用被動式。The problem being discussed is very important.Having been told many times，the naughty boy made the same mistake.【典例分析】(2012湖南高考，21)We've had a good start，but next，more work needs ______ to achieve the final success.A．being done

B．do C．to be done

D．to do 答案為C項。句意：我們已經有了一個很好的開端，但要想獲得最終的成功，接下來更多的工作還需要完成。主語more work與后面的do存在被動關系，所以needs后面要用動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式作賓語。

(2012福建高考，28)China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island to prevent Chinese fishing boats from ______ in the South China Sea.A．attacking

B．having attacked C．being attacked

D．having been attacked 答案為C項。由于Chinese fishing boats與attack之間存在被動關系，所以排除表示主動的A項和B項；由句意“最近中國加緊對黃巖島附近水域的控制來阻止中國漁船在中國南海受到攻擊”可知attack的動作并沒有發生，因此排除表示完成的D項；故答案為C項。

(2012重慶高考，28)We're having a meeting in half an hour.The decision ______ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.A．to be made

B．being made C．made

D．having been made 答案為A項。根據第一句in half an hour可知，會議還沒有開始，因此決定還沒有做出，只是將要做出，故排除B、C、D三項；不定式作定語表示將來，符合題意。句意：半小時后我們將舉行一次會議，在會議上將要做出的決定會影響我們公司的將來。

誤區警示

1．非謂語動詞作賓語的易錯點

是主動關系，故選A項。如果不注意逗號前后的邏輯和時間關系，易誤選B項；如果不注意句與句之間的關聯關系，有可能誤選D項。

(2011天津高考，12)______ into English，the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A．Translating

B．Translated C．To translate

D．Having translated 【錯混透析】 B 句子主語the sentence與translate為被動關系，所以應選過去分詞形式作狀語。

(2011四川高考，11)Simon made a big bamboo box ______ the little sick bird till it could fly.A．keep

B．kept C．keeping

D．to keep 【錯混透析】 D 根據句意和邏輯關系判斷，該題應選不定式形式作目的狀語?！窘忸}指導】 非謂語形式作狀語時，應注意以下三點。(1)不定式通常作目的狀語。

(2)現在分詞作狀語時，與句子主語是主動關系。(3)過去分詞作狀語時，與句子主語是被動關系。4．非謂語動詞作補語的易錯點

(2012四川高考，12)Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car______.A．washed

B．wash C．washing

D．to wash 【錯混透析】A car和wash為被動關系，故選washed作補語表示被動。句意：在你開車駛入這所城市前，你應該先洗車。“get ＋ 賓語 ＋ to do sth.”意為“使賓語做某事”，賓語與后面的補語為主動關系，所以邏輯關系判斷失誤會造成誤選D項。

(2011浙江高考，14)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.A．lose

B．lost C．to lose

D．having lost 【錯混透析】 B 該題易誤選A項，考生可能會將find sb.do與find oneself done混淆。根據句意“即使最好的作家有時也會覺得自己無法用語言表達”可知，四個選項圍繞lose變化。lost for words為過去分詞短語作賓補，意為“(驚訝，困惑等得)不知說什么好”。

【解題指導】 非謂語形式可以在動詞后面作補語，也可以在with的復合結構中作補語。(1)在“一感(feel)二聽(hear，listen)三讓(let，make，have)四看(see，watch，notice，observe)”等動詞后面，可以跟不帶to的不定式或者分詞作賓補。不定式表示動作的全過程，說明某事已發生；現在分詞表示動作正在進行，還未結束，現在分詞和賓語之間存在邏輯上的主動關系；過去分詞表示被動和完成，沒有一定的時間性，過去分詞和賓語之間存在邏輯上的被動關系。

(2)with復合結構的構成是“with＋賓語＋賓補”，賓補可以由分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等來充當。若用過去分詞作賓補表示被動和完成；用現在分詞作賓補表示主動和進行；用動詞不定式作賓補表示將來。

5．非謂語動詞的否定式、進行式、完成式和被動式易錯點(2011浙江高考，19)If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city ______ by their enthusiastic supporters.A．being cheered

B．be cheered C．to be cheered

D．were cheered 【錯混透析】 C 從句子結構來看，前面已經有are going to tour，中間又沒有連詞，不可能出現兩個獨立謂語，所以應選非謂語形式，可排除B、D兩項；A、C兩項都表示被動，區別在于being done強調正在進行，而動詞不定式to be done表示將來。根據句子的時態判斷應選C項。

(2012重慶高考，23)______ to work overtime that evening，I missed a wonderful

A．having resulted

B．resulted C．being resulted

D．resulting 10．(2012山東菏澤實驗高中月考，26)______ this problem，they don't know how to deal with it.A．Face

B．Faced C．Facing

D．To be faced 11．(2012山東實驗中學二模，24)______all the doors were locked，Mr.Goodman left for New York on holiday.A．Checking

B．Checked C．To check

D．Having checked 12．(2012山東淄博六中五模，29)The TV play ______ the story of Brother Sharp(犀利哥)will be made soon.A．being based on

B．based on C．be based on

D．basing on 13．(2012山東棗莊期末，23)Though ______ to see us，he gave us a warm welcome.A．surprise

B．to be surprised C．surprising

D．surprised 14．(2012山東萊蕪期末，30)—Do you think you could get this parcel ______ for me，please? —Consider it done!A．to mail

B．mailed C．mailing

D．mail 15．(2012山東聊城五校期末，26)My uncle sang a few old songs，my aunt ______ the piano to accompany him.A．played

B．to play C．playing

D．play

參考答案

八、非謂語動詞

命題調研·明晰考向 真題試做

1．A 考查非謂語動詞。句意：喬治戰后回來，卻被告知妻子已離他而去了。此處應用不定式作結果狀語，表示意料之外的結果，而且主語George和tell之間是被動關系，因此用to be told。

2．A 考查非謂語動詞。句意：看那邊有一條蜿蜒曲折的小路通向那所房子。前面已有謂語動詞，故此處要選用非謂語動詞形式，因此排除B項，且path與lead之間為主動關系，故排除C項，此處是非謂語動詞作定語，leading相當于定語從句which leads，故此處用現在分詞形式。

3．B 考查非謂語動詞。動詞不定式作定語時，若不定式和它修飾的名詞或代詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系，且又和該句主語或賓語構成邏輯上的主謂關系時，常用不定式的主動形式。該題中complete和readings之間是被動關系，但是complete同時又和句子的主語I存在主動關系，所以用動詞不定式的主動形式作定語。句意為“在這一學期結束之前，我有很多材料要閱讀完”。

4．A 考查with復合結構。句意為“起居室既干凈又整潔，里面有一張早已放好的預備要開飯的餐桌?！眞ith復合結構的構成是：with＋賓語＋賓補，賓補可以由分詞、不定式、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語等來充當，其中賓語和補足語之間是主語和謂語的關系。若用過去分詞作補足語表示被動和完成；用現在分詞作補足語表示主動和進行；用動詞不定式作補足語表示將來。由語境可知，要用過去分詞作補足語，表示桌子早已被放好了。

創新模擬·預測演練

1．A accommodate oneself to意為“使自己適應??”，根據句意判斷逗號前面是后面的目的，所以選用不定式作目的狀語。

2．A 根據句意判斷應選不定式形式，表示出人意料的結果。

3．D 根據句意看出鮑勃已經辭職，現在正在一家私立學校教書，所以第一個空應用不定式的完成式，第二個空應用不定式的進行式。

4．D 句意：據報道，安陽發現了曹操墓，引起了全國(民眾)的關注。be reported后面必須接不定式形式，而且從句意看出“已經發現”，所以用不定式的完成式表示動作已經發生。

5．A 該題的答語為省略句，完整的回答為“(I think)Failing the English exam(made Maria upset)．”，所以應選動名詞形式作主語。

6．C 動詞found“創立，建立”和其邏輯主語University of Cambridge“劍橋大學”之間為動賓關系，所以應該用動詞的過去分詞形式作定語，答案為C項。

7．B 該句中John could imagine作the only way的定語，考查結構the way to do sth.，故選B項。

8．C 該句用到了with的復合結構，由于賓語quite a few children與surround是主謂關系，所以應選現在分詞形式作賓語補足語。

9．D result in意為“導致”，主語A fire與其為主動關系，所以應選現在分詞形式作結果狀語，表示失火后自然而然地造成的結果。

10．C face意為“面對著”，與句子主語they是主動關系，所以應選現在分詞形式作狀語。

11．D 不定式通常表示將來，可排除C項；句子主語與check為主謂關系，且從句意看出“已經檢查”，所以應選現在分詞的完成式作狀語。

12．B 根據后面的謂語will be made可知此處應選非謂語形式；base...on...意為“把??作為??的基礎；把??建立在??基礎之上”，The TV play與base之間為被動關系，所以應選過去分詞形式作定語。

13．D surprise為及物動詞，意為“使??吃驚”，與句子主語he之間是動賓關系，所以應選過去分詞形式，此處是Though he was surprised to see us的省略。

14．B get為使役動詞，意為“使得”，“get＋賓語 ＋to do”結構意為“使??做某事”，“get＋賓語 ＋done”結構意為“使??被做”。根據句意判斷應選B項。

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第四篇：《2012年英語高考非謂語動詞(二)》學案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》學案

一、學習目標

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

二、學習重難點

1、學習重點：非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、學習難點：非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

三、學習過程

（一）課前預習

1、課前預習：非謂語動詞。

2、參考資料：教材或輔導用書中相關部分。

（二）課堂探究

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？

（三）拓展練習

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working

（四）課后作業

1、復習一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。

3、復習非謂語動詞的重點考點和易錯考點。

第五篇：英語非謂語動詞

主語subject 謂語predicate 賓語object 表語predicative 定語attributive 狀語adverbial adjunct 補足語complement 同位語appositive

英語非謂語動詞講解及練習非謂語動詞是指分詞（包括現在分詞和過去分詞）、不定式、動名詞等三種形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：

現在分詞 doing : 有being done（被動式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被動式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被動式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（進行式）

動名詞

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被動式）;

非謂語動詞的特點： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。

下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進行講解： 一．

動詞不定式

先看幾個例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.說明：1．動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4．動詞不定式作賓語補足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。8．帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9．不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題：

1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 帶to 還是不帶to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標記的。但是有時用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.與of 連用的形容詞有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語，而要用it做形式賓語。例如：通常不說We think to obey the laws is important.而說We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定語，應注意兩種關系： 1）動賓關系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主謂關系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(邏輯主語是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(邏輯主語不是I)7．不定式作狀語，可以有以下幾種意義： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.這種結構中常用的形容詞有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)結果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作補足語

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不帶to 的不定式作補足語的動詞有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當這些詞為被動式時，不定式要帶to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．動名詞

Learning English is very difficult.學英語非常困難。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing.我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已經習慣了住農村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃點安眠藥，你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結構：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題：

1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

盡力去做某事 try doing

試著做某事 learn to do …

學著去做某事 learn doing …

學會做某事

stop to do …

停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續做某事 used to do …

過去做某事 be used to doing …習慣做某事

2．動名詞作定語與現在分詞作定語意義有區別 動名詞作定語表達

n+ for doing 的含義

現在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現在分詞

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：

動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．動名詞的語態和時態

5． 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.這個房間需要粉刷。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.這個故事有興趣，我對這個故事感興趣。2.This is a moving film.這是一部動人的電影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘書工作到深夜，為主席準備一篇長篇演講稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果給我多一點時間，我會做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.當他后街時，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。應注意的幾個問題：

1．現在分詞與過去分詞的區別

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）現在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區別： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關系 ；done 作表語，主語與表語是動賓關系。2）表語與被動式的區別：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強調動作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（強調狀態）3）常作表語的過去分詞：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．現在分詞、動名詞 現在進行時的區別

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現在分詞，能回答what-question 的動名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現在進行時。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四種結構：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著 5． 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分詞做狀語與不定式的區別：

分詞做狀語表示時間、原因、讓步、條件、方式、伴隨等；而不定式表示目的和結果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區別

a running horse 現在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題：

分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）

Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系；seen 與city 是動賓關系 練習

I.單項選擇

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用動詞的正確形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非謂語動詞練習: 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA