第一篇：2012年高考英語《非謂語動詞(二)》教案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》教案

一、教學目標

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

二、教學重難點

1、教學重點：非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、教學難點：非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

三、教學過程

（一）問題排行榜（Hit the charts）

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？

（二）攻克難點（Overcome difficulties）

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

高考考點聚焦： 1.非謂語動詞做狀語 2.非謂語動詞做定語

考點一.非謂語動詞的邏輯主語

______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.(2011·遼寧卷30)A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering 1.It's ＋ adj.＋ for / of sb.to do sth.句型中的不定式的邏輯主語

為“sb.”。

2.非謂語動詞作狀語時，他們的邏輯主語一般就是句子的主語。當非謂語動詞的動作由句子主語發(fā)出時，非謂語動詞用主動形式；當非謂語動詞的動作是句子主語所承受時，用過去分詞或不定式、動詞的-ing形式的被動形式。3.“代詞主格或名詞的普通格 ＋ 非謂語動詞”構成獨立主格結(jié)構。非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞。

4．動名詞復合結(jié)構由“物主代詞或名詞所有格＋動名詞”構成獨立主格結(jié)構。這種結(jié)構既可用作主語，也可用作賓語，但作賓語時，還可用代詞賓格或名詞普通格＋動名詞結(jié)構。

5．不定式的復合結(jié)構：for sb.to do sth.。考點二.獨立成分作狀語

______you the truth, I feel like ______ to bed now.A.Telling;going B.To tell;going C.Telling;to go D.To tell;to go

非謂語動詞作獨立成分的有： judging by/ from, provided/ providing, given, to be true, to tell you the truth等?？键c三.非謂語動詞的時態(tài)

例1：Claire had her luggage ______ an hour before her plane left.(2011·陜西卷14)A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked 例2：The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.(2011·新課標卷27)A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 動詞不定式一般表示在謂語動作之后的事情，要表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前的事情，須用不定式的完成式；動詞的-ing形式一般表示與謂語動詞動作同時進行的動作，若要表示發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前的事情，須用動詞的-ing形式的完成式?？键c四.非謂語動詞的句法功能 1.作主語、表語：

動名詞表示一般性、經(jīng)常性的動作。不定式表示一次性的動作。動名詞、不定式作主語常用it作其形式主語，但no use, no good作表語時，真正主語常用動名詞。

2.作賓語：

(1)有些動詞只跟動名詞作賓語

常用的這類動詞有： mind, finish, enjoy, excuse, imagine, keep, practice, suggest, miss, consider, prevent, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, admit, delay, escape, permit, forbid等。(2)有些動詞只跟不定式作賓語

常用的這類動詞有： want, wish, hope, expect, agree, decide, learn, pretend, ask, promise, plan, refuse, beg, demand, manage, offer, prepare, claim, struggle等。

(3)remember, forget, regret后接動名詞和不定式的區(qū)別：后接動名詞表示先于謂語動詞的動作；后接不定式表示后于謂語動詞的動作。

(4)want, need, require和deserve后接動名詞和不定式的用法：當它們后面所接的動詞與句子的主語是動賓關系時，用動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式。

(5)在try, stop, mean, go on, can't help后，用動名詞和不定式所表達的含義不同，要注意： try doing sth.試著做某事 try to do sth.盡力做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事

stop to do sth.停下來做另一件不同的事 mean doing sth.意味著做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做剛做的事 go on to do sth.繼續(xù)做另一件事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 can't help(to)do sth.不能幫助做某事 3.作賓語補足語：

例1： Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______ of his own dreams.(2011·重慶卷33)A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.remind 例2： Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.(2011·浙江卷14)A.lose B.lost

C.to lose D.having lost 熟悉并掌握哪些動詞或短語如advise, allow, like, wish, want, help等須接不定式作賓語補足語；哪些動詞或短語如find, suggest, lead to等可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語；

哪些動詞或短語如feel, see, watch, hear, have 等既可接動詞的-ing形式又可接過去分詞作賓語補足語；何時用主動形式作賓語補足語，何時用被動形式或過去分詞作賓語補足語，一般由非謂語動詞與賓語的關系確定。4.作定語：

例1：On receiving a phone call from his wife ______ she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.(2011·江西卷32)A.says B.said C.saying D.to say 例2：Tsinghua University, ______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011·福建卷23)A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded(1)注意非謂語動詞的形式，不定式作定語一般用主動式，只有當不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語或賓語時，才用被動式；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示主動意義，動作正在進行；過去分詞一般表示被動、完成含義。

(2)非謂語動詞的位置：非謂語動詞短語作定語時，都要放在所修飾的詞之后；單個的動詞的-ing形式或過去分詞作定語時，一般放在所修飾的詞之前。不及物動詞的不定式作定語，與修飾的名詞構成動賓關系時，不及物動詞后面的介詞不能丟。

5.不定式與現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別：

不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞都能表示結(jié)果，其區(qū)別是：不定式一般表示出乎意料的結(jié)果，不定式前常用only修飾；而動詞的-ing形式表示自然或必然的結(jié)果。More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2011·陜西卷20)A.making B.made C.to make D.having made 考點五.不定式to的省略

1.動詞see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, let, have, make 接不定式作賓補時，不定式的to須省略，但句子變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，不定式的to不能省略。

2.why, would rather, had better, may as well, cannot(help / choose)but等后須跟省to的不定式。

3.介詞but, except等前若有行為動詞do, 其后常用省to的不定式作賓語；若沒有行為動詞do, 則用帶to的不定式。

4.不定式作表語時，若主語中有行為動詞do 的某一形式時，不定式的to可有可無。

例1： It was a pity that the famous painter died ______ his painting unfinished.A.of B.from C.out D.with 例2：With his mother ______ him, he is getting on well with his work.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 考點六.with 復合結(jié)構在句中一般作狀語和定語，常見形式有： 1．“with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語”。

The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.2.“with+名詞/代詞+形容詞”。

He likes to sleep with the door open.3.“with+名詞/代詞+副詞”。

The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.4.“with+名詞/代詞+名詞”。

He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.5.“with+名詞/代詞+done”。在此結(jié)構中，過去分詞和賓語是被動關系，表示動作已經(jīng)完成。

With the problem solved, he went out to play.6.“with+名詞/代詞+-ing分詞”。此結(jié)構強調(diào)名詞是-ing分詞的動作的發(fā)出者或某動作、狀態(tài)正在進行。

He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.7.“with+賓語+to do”。此結(jié)構中，不定式和賓語是被動關系，表示尚未發(fā)生的動作。

With nothing to do, I'll go out for a walk in the park.（三）方法列舉（List methods）

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？ 非謂語動詞作定語

盲點一：不定式(to do)，現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)和過去分詞(v-ed)做定語的區(qū)別 【真題導航】 A.to be held B.held We are invited to a party ____in our club next Friday（2009山東）.C.being held D.holding We are invited to a party _____in our club yesterday.We are invited to a party _________in our club now.A.to be held 盲點二：

動詞不定式主動形式(to do)和被動形式(to be done)做定語的區(qū)別 技巧點撥：關鍵看不定式的動作是否由句子的主語來完成的。注意：動詞不定式主動形式(to do)做定語是高考的?？键c和重點。非謂語動詞做狀語

盲點三：to do 做目的狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)做狀語的區(qū)別 解題支招 ： to do 做目的狀語不能用逗號和前面隔開。【陷阱題】

Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped 盲點四：分詞的一般式（v-ing）和完成式（having done）用法區(qū)別（2005全國卷I）

A.caused B.causing C.to cause D.having caused 【姊妹題】

It rained heavily in the south, ____serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津)A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause 方法點撥：方法一：判斷分詞動作和主句動作發(fā)生的前后順序 方法二：狀語從句還原法 【練一練】

___________________（bite）twice, the postman refused to deliver our B.held C.being held D.holding year, ______ reduce unemployment pressures.（2009江蘇）

The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.letters unless we chained our dog.(2009北京）

=Because the postman had been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.盲點五：only +to do 做結(jié)果狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）做結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別。小結(jié) ：only+ to do表示意料之外的結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在分詞（doing)表示意料之中的結(jié)果。

盲點六：分詞作狀語和獨立主格的區(qū)別：

難點內(nèi)容：用分詞做狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，否則，就應使用狀語從句，或者調(diào)整句子的主語用獨立主格結(jié)構，with的復合結(jié)構。

（１）Given more help, the project will be completed earlier.改: If we are given more help, the project will be completed earlier.(狀語從句)Given more help, we will complete the project earlier.（調(diào)整主語）Broken his leg, he couldn’t go to school.改: His leg broken, he couldn’t go to school.（獨立主格結(jié)構）He couldn’t go to school with his leg broken.（with的復合結(jié)構）不定式常作目的狀語，分詞常作其他狀語，它們的邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。

1.Seeing from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful.2.Not knowing her address, so I can’t get in touch with her.3.Being dark, she didn’t dare to go out alone.句型轉(zhuǎn)換：將下列句子變?yōu)楠毩⒅鞲窠Y(jié)構。

4.When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.=______________________, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.5.When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner.=___________________________, they began their dinner.盲點七：非謂語動詞的否定式

小結(jié)：not和非謂語動詞連用，要放在非謂語動詞的前面。即：not to do;not doing;not done 1.不定式(to do)，現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)和過去分詞(v-ed)做定語的區(qū)別 不定式表將來，現(xiàn)在分詞表主動進行，過去分詞表被動完成。

2.動詞不定式主動形式(to do)和被動形式(to be done)做定語的區(qū)別.關鍵看不定式的動作是否由句子的主語來完成的。

3.to do 做目的狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞(v-ing)做狀語的區(qū)別：to do 做目的狀語不能用逗號和前面隔開。

4.分詞的一般式（v-ing）和完成式（having done）用法區(qū)別方法一：判斷分詞動作和主句動作發(fā)生的前后順序 方法二：狀語從句還原法

5.only +to do 做結(jié)果狀語和現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）做結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別。only+ to do表示意料之外的結(jié)果；現(xiàn)在分詞（doing)表示意料之中的結(jié)果。6.非謂語動詞的否定式

not和非謂語動詞連用，要放在非謂語動詞的前面。即：not to do;not doing;not done 7.分詞作狀語和獨立主格的區(qū)別：

用分詞做狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，否則，就應使用狀語從句，或者調(diào)整句子的主語用獨立主格結(jié)構，with的復合結(jié)構。

（四）能力拓展（Develop skills）

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法。

【解析】句意為“接下來我們看到的是煙霧從房子的后面冒出來?！眗ise升起來和see看到這兩個動作是同時發(fā)生的，因此選擇現(xiàn)在進行的形式表示非謂語動詞動作和謂語動詞動作同時發(fā)生。選B。

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“因為有一座橋與大陸連接，那個島嶼很容易去?！眏oin是及物動詞，但空格后沒有賓語，故使用join的過去分詞形式，充當表示狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)的形容詞用，選項A、B、D都是主動式，需要后接賓語，因此排除。選C。

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

【答案】D 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Sarah假裝開心，對那次爭論什么也沒說?！盇和B項是謂語動詞形式，句中沒有連詞，故排除；C項是作目的狀語，而句中是伴隨狀態(tài)，故選D。

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“經(jīng)常更新這些數(shù)值很重要。”B和D項表示發(fā)生過的某件具體的事，但句尾的regularly表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事，故用一般現(xiàn)在時。for引出的邏輯主語the figures與update存在著被動關系，故選A。

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Emma，你坐下吧。老這么站著你會累的?！盇項to keep是表示將來。C項having kept和D項to have kept表示動作先發(fā)生。make yourself more tired與keeping on you feet同時進行，故選B。

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“旅客只可以隨身攜帶一件行李登機。”permit sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事，句中是被動語態(tài)，Passeagers是carry的邏輯主語，用主動式，故選A。

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“翻譯成英語后，發(fā)現(xiàn)這個句子的詞序全變了。”the sentence與translate之間存在著被動關系，故用過去分詞，答案B。

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Mike在他屋子外的大街上發(fā)現(xiàn)了他丟失的汽車，看上去剛擦得干干凈凈，還打過臘?！盇項looked是謂語形式，但句中沒有連詞；B項不定式to look和D項to be looking如果都表結(jié)果，那只能由Mike執(zhí)行這個動作，與題意不符；C項looking表明車子的特性，作伴隨狀語，故選C。

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“很多人認為1955年開業(yè)的加利福尼亞迪斯尼樂園非常有趣。”open開業(yè)，與Disneyland之間存在著被動關系；D項Being opened表正在進行，但開業(yè)的事實已經(jīng)發(fā)生，故選A。

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Harrison Ford被認為是為數(shù)不多的曾經(jīng)做過木匠的電影明星之一。”“做過木匠”這事發(fā)生在過去，不定式應當用完成式，表示發(fā)生過，排除A、B項。因為現(xiàn)在是明星，排除D項，選C。

（五）小結(jié)

（六）課后作業(yè)

1、復習一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。

3、復習非謂語動詞的重點考點和易錯考點。

第二篇：非謂語動詞教案二

非謂語動詞

知識結(jié)構框架

1.2.3.4.5.6.非謂語動詞的含義及種類 不定式的含義與作用

不定式的時態(tài)語態(tài)和否定形式（及主動表被動）不定式的省略問題

不定式與疑問詞的連用 不定式的復合結(jié)構

7.動名詞的含義與作用

8.動名詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)及否定式 9.動名詞復合結(jié)構用法

10.分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）的作用 11.分詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

12.分詞和不定式作狀語的區(qū)別

13.分詞和不定式作賓語補足語的區(qū)別 14.非謂語動詞作定語的區(qū)別

15.分詞邏輯主語與句子主語保持一致的原則及獨立結(jié)構的用法。

課時及其內(nèi)容安排

分為三課時：

第一課時：框架1-6 第二課時：框架7-11 第三課時：框架12-15

第二課時內(nèi)容

一、動詞-ing形式作主語

1.Singing and dancing is Judy’s favorite.2.Being praised in class made Eric so happy that she did even better in her studies.3.My father thinks it is a waste of time watching soap operas for me.4.His parents’ watching the game gives Wang Hao a lot of encouragement.【規(guī)律】

1.動詞-ing或動詞-ing短語作主語，應放在句首；動詞-ing形式通常表示習慣性動作，作主語時謂語用單數(shù)。如句1。2.動詞-ing形式有時可用被動形式，既可以放在句中，又可以放在句首；其形式為“being done”。如句2。3.動詞-ing形式可以用于it作形式主語的結(jié)構中，動詞-ing放在后面，作真正的主語。如句3。

4.動詞-ing形式可構成復合結(jié)構，即在動詞-ing形式前加上邏輯主語（形容詞性物主代詞；代詞賓格；名詞；名詞所有格），常在句中作主語和賓語。作主語時，其邏輯主語必須用其形容詞性物主代詞形式，如句4。

二、動詞-ing形式作賓語

1.My sister suggested spending the holiday in Beijing.2.Sue narrowly escaped being hit by the running truck.3.Mr Liu insisted on having heard the boss say so that day.【規(guī)律】

1.動詞-ing形式在句中作賓語通常要跟在某些動詞或短語后面。動詞有admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, risk, resist, suggest等；動詞短語有think of, dream of, insist on, depend on, look forward to, can’t help等。如句1。

2.動詞-ing形式可用被動形式，通常為“being done”形式。如句2。

3.動詞-ing形式還可以用完成形式，通常為“having done”形式。如句3。同時完成式可以有被動形式，通常為“having been done”。

三、某些動詞在動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式中的意義 1.I prefer to share the cake with the new classmate.2.Mark regretted telling a lie to his parents and teacher.3.I shall remember seeing Mary for the first time forever.4.I forgot to water the flowers for Miss White when she was out.5.Ted advised us to have a walk after dinner along the beach.6.Ted advised having a walk after dinner along the beach..【規(guī)律】

1.下列動詞可接動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式且意思相差不大。begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, prefer etc.如句1。2.下列動詞（短語）可接動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式但表示不同意義。remember, forget, regret, try, mean, go on etc.如句2，3，4。

3.allow, advise, forbid, permit等詞后，一般用動詞-ing形式作賓語，但如果后面帶有不定式，不定式常帶有自己的邏輯主語，也就是說，這種不定式不是句子的動詞賓語，而是賓補。如句5，6。

一、動詞-ing形式作定語

1.I get into the reading room to find the magazines I like.= I get into the room for reading to find the magazines I like.2.I saw a sleeping boy under the tree.= I saw a boy who was sleeping under the tree.3.Have you ever seen the girl singing on the stage? 4.The girl playing the piano is my sister.5.Among the students to take part in the party, Anna is the most active one.【規(guī)律】

1.單個的動詞-ing形式可放在名詞前作前置定語，表示該名詞的用途和功能?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成for短語修飾該名詞，此時-ing為動名詞。如句1。

2.說明名詞的動作、性質(zhì)和特征，與所修飾名詞是主謂關系。此時-ing為現(xiàn)在分詞。?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成定語從句。如句2。3.如果是動詞-ing短語，那么應該放在被修飾名詞的后面。如句3。

4.動詞-ing形式作定語，多表示正在進行或經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作。而不定式作定語一般表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如句4和句5。

二、動詞-ing形式作表語

1.Their plan is driving to Sanya for a holiday.2.The test results have been very discouraging.【規(guī)律】

1.動名詞作表語，表示主語的具體內(nèi)容。如句1。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語，表示主語的特征性質(zhì)。如句2。

三、動詞-ing形式作賓補

1.The teacher heard students reading English aloud when she passed by the classroom.2.It was raining last Sunday, so my parents left me staying at home.3.You’d better not have your four-year-old kid learning English now.【規(guī)律】

動詞-ing形式作賓補時，與其邏輯主語構成主謂關系。常用在以下動詞或短語之后，構成復合結(jié)構——某些感官動詞：see;watch;observe;look at;hear;listen to;notice;smell;feel;taste, etc.如句1；某些常構成復合結(jié)構的動詞：leave;keep;find;set;catch, etc.如句2；某些使役動詞：have;get, etc.如句3。

動詞的-ing形式的一般式作狀語，表示的動作是主語動作的一部分，與謂語動詞表示的動作（或狀態(tài)）是同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生的，它的邏輯主語通常應是句子的主語。動詞-ing形式作狀語可以修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，可作時間、原因、伴隨或方式、條件、結(jié)果、讓步狀語或表示補充說明等，而且均可轉(zhuǎn)換為相應的狀語從句或并列句。1.Receiving the money that could save his daughter, the man couldn’t help crying out.2.Having driven all day, we were rather tired.3.While walking my dog in the park, I came across a friend of mine.4.Playing computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam.5.Luck looked at the old photos, missing her classmates in college.6.Being a student, Wendy isn’t allowed to buy any expensive dresses.7.Not having received any message from Lily, I had to call her again.8.The hunter fired, shooting one of the wolves.9.Though raining heavily, it is still a little hot.10.The waste may be buried under the ground, depending on the nature of the materials.11.It’s freezing cold today.I don’t want to go anywhere but to stay at home.【規(guī)律】

1.動詞-ing形式的一般式可作時間狀語，所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時或幾乎同時發(fā)生。如句1，相當于When he received the money that could save his daughter, the man couldn’t help crying out.動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時，所表示的動作是在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發(fā)生的。如句2。在作時間狀語的動詞-ing形式的一般式之前，可以加連詞while、when或介詞after、before、on等。如句3。

2.動詞-ing形式可作條件狀語。如句4，相當于If you play computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam.3.動詞-ing形式可作伴隨或方式狀語，通常置于句尾。如句5。

4.動詞-ing形式可作原因狀語。如句6，相當于Because she is a student, Wendy isn’t allowed to buy any expensive dresses.動詞-ing形式作原因狀語時，其否定形式為直接將not置于動詞-ing形式之前。如句7，相當于Because I hadn’t received any message from Lily, I had to call her again.5.動詞-ing形式可作結(jié)果狀語，一般表示意料之中的結(jié)果，常置于句尾。如句8，相當于The hunter fired, and shot one of the wolves.6.動詞-ing形式可作讓步狀語，通常與though或although連用。如句9，相當于Though it rains heavily, it is still a little hot.7.動詞-ing形式可以表示補充說明。如句10。

8.有少數(shù)動詞-ing形式常放在某些形容詞前，起副詞作用，意思是“極、非?！?，表示這些形容詞的程度或狀態(tài)。如句11。

第三篇：《2012年英語高考非謂語動詞(二)》學案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》學案

一、學習目標

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

二、學習重難點

1、學習重點：非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、學習難點：非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

三、學習過程

（一）課前預習

1、課前預習：非謂語動詞。

2、參考資料：教材或輔導用書中相關部分。

（二）課堂探究

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？

（三）拓展練習

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working

（四）課后作業(yè)

1、復習一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。

3、復習非謂語動詞的重點考點和易錯考點。

第四篇：英語非謂語動詞

主語subject 謂語predicate 賓語object 表語predicative 定語attributive 狀語adverbial adjunct 補足語complement 同位語appositive

英語非謂語動詞講解及練習非謂語動詞是指分詞（包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）、不定式、動名詞等三種形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：

現(xiàn)在分詞 doing : 有being done（被動式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被動式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被動式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（進行式）

動名詞

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被動式）;

非謂語動詞的特點： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。

下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進行講解： 一．

動詞不定式

先看幾個例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.說明：1．動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4．動詞不定式作賓語補足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。8．帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9．不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題：

1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 帶to 還是不帶to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標記的。但是有時用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.與of 連用的形容詞有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語，而要用it做形式賓語。例如：通常不說We think to obey the laws is important.而說We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定語，應注意兩種關系： 1）動賓關系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主謂關系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(邏輯主語是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(邏輯主語不是I)7．不定式作狀語，可以有以下幾種意義： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.這種結(jié)構中常用的形容詞有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)結(jié)果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作補足語

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不帶to 的不定式作補足語的動詞有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當這些詞為被動式時，不定式要帶to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．動名詞

Learning English is very difficult.學英語非常困難。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing.我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已經(jīng)習慣了住農(nóng)村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃點安眠藥，你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結(jié)構：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題：

1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區(qū)別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

盡力去做某事 try doing

試著做某事 learn to do …

學著去做某事 learn doing …

學會做某事

stop to do …

停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續(xù)做某事 used to do …

過去做某事 be used to doing …習慣做某事

2．動名詞作定語與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語意義有區(qū)別 動名詞作定語表達

n+ for doing 的含義

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現(xiàn)在分詞

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：

動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．動名詞的語態(tài)和時態(tài)

5． 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.這個房間需要粉刷。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.這個故事有興趣，我對這個故事感興趣。2.This is a moving film.這是一部動人的電影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘書工作到深夜，為主席準備一篇長篇演講稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果給我多一點時間，我會做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.當他后街時，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。應注意的幾個問題：

1．現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區(qū)別： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關系 ；done 作表語，主語與表語是動賓關系。2）表語與被動式的區(qū)別：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強調(diào)動作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（強調(diào)狀態(tài)）3）常作表語的過去分詞：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．現(xiàn)在分詞、動名詞 現(xiàn)在進行時的區(qū)別

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現(xiàn)在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現(xiàn)在分詞，能回答what-question 的動名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現(xiàn)在進行時。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四種結(jié)構：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著 5． 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分詞做狀語與不定式的區(qū)別：

分詞做狀語表示時間、原因、讓步、條件、方式、伴隨等；而不定式表示目的和結(jié)果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結(jié)果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區(qū)別

a running horse 現(xiàn)在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區(qū)別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題：

分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）

Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系；seen 與city 是動賓關系 練習

I.單項選擇

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用動詞的正確形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非謂語動詞練習: 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA

第五篇：非謂語動詞(教案)

非謂語動詞（教案）

在英語中，不是用作句子的謂語，而是用于擔任其他語法功能的的動詞，稱之為非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：不定式、動名詞和分詞。一．非謂語動詞與謂語動詞之區(qū)別：

1．相同之處：

1）可以有賓語： He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2)可以被狀語修飾：

He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3)可以有“體”式和語態(tài)的變化： She has finished her job.Having finished her work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4)可以有自己的邏輯主語： My wife often works late.I dislike my wife’s working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.2．不同之處：

1）可以起名詞作用（如：不定式和動名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2）可以起形容詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作表語、定語和賓語補足語等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3）可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二．不定式：

1．作主語（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語）To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign language.2．作表語

My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3．作賓語

He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.作賓語補語（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官動詞以及l(fā)et, make,have等動詞后面，作賓補的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.4．作定語

Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to come and the last to leave.5．作狀語

In order to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.6．不定式的邏輯主語：

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.7．連接詞+不定式

He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didn’t tell us where to go and when to set out.8．不定式的否定形式

They decided not to give up trying.9．不定式的時態(tài)

We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.I’m sorry to be troubling you at such a time.I’m glad to be working with you.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.10． 不定式的語態(tài)

This book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.三．動名詞：

1．作主語

Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2．作表語

My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleasure is learning English.3．作賓語

（下列動詞只能接動名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldn’t mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些動詞后面可接動名詞，也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但動名詞表示的意義是在一般情況下的行為，而不定式則表示某個具體的、一次性的行為。）

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.4．介詞賓語

Are you used to eating American food? She went to school without having breakfast.5．動名詞的邏輯主語

Do you mind(my)opening the window.Tom insisted on my brother’s going with him.動名詞和不定式作賓語，意義不同的幾組詞： stop to do sth

（停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth

（停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（記住要做某事）Remember doing sth（記得曾做過某事）Forget to to do sth（忘記要做某事）Forget doing sth（忘記曾做過某事）

Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth（接著做另一件事）Go on doing sth（繼續(xù)做某事）Try to do sth（盡力做某事）Try doing sth（嘗試做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing（需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing

（需要被做）

Used to do sth（過去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（習慣做某事）

6．動名詞的體式和語態(tài)

He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.四．分詞

分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表示的意義是主動的、進行的；過去分詞表示的意義是被動的、完成的。The developing countries The developed countries

1．作表語：

The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.2．作定語：

It is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.3．作賓語補足語：

(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分詞說明動作正在發(fā)生；不定式說明動作發(fā)生的全過程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.4．作狀語：

1)作時間或原因狀語：

working in the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴隨狀語：

They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.