第一篇：非謂語動詞

初中英語分類練習

——非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞指的是在句中起名詞，形容詞或副詞作用的動詞形式，而不是作謂語的動詞形式。動詞的非謂語形式分為動名詞，分詞，動詞不定式。

Climbing mountain is a good exercise.(Climbing..., 動名詞起名詞作用）

Do you know the man wearing a white shirt.（wearing..分詞起形容詞作用）

He gets up early to catch the first bus.(to catch...不定式起副詞作用)

謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的區別：

1)謂語動詞在句中可單獨作謂語，而非謂語動詞不能單獨作謂語。

Miss Mary teaches us English.瑪麗教我們英語。（teaches 動詞作謂語）

Mr.Li came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.（to have a talk....不定式作狀語）

2)謂語動詞受主語的人稱和數的限制，而非謂語動詞形式沒有這種限制。

Mike likes the pop music.（動詞用單數第三人稱形式）

Lucy has nothing to do today。（do 用原形）

非謂語動詞的特征：如果非謂語動詞是及物動詞，后面須跟賓語。

Studying English is my favorite.（studying 后跟賓語）

To help him is my duty.幫助他是我的責任。（help 后跟賓語）非謂語動詞可以帶有自己的狀語或邏輯主語。

Working under such a condition is terrible.(under such a condition 是 working 的狀語）It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.（for him 作不定式的邏輯主語）非謂語動詞仍有語態和時態的變化。

I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.（to have kept...是不定式的完成形式）

Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.（Seen from...是分詞的被動形式）非謂語動詞在句中可以當成名詞或者形容詞來使用。

Our coming made him happy.（coming 起名詞作用）

There are two big swimming pools here.(swimming 起形容詞作用)

非謂語動詞的形式變化：

不定式主動被動

一般to writeto be written

進行to be writing

完成to have writtento have been written

完成進行to have been writing

現 在 分 詞主動被動

一般writingbeing written

完成having writtenhaving been written

過去分詞主動被動

一般written

動名詞主動被動

一般writing being written

完成having writtenhaving been written●動 詞 不 定 式：

動詞不定式是由 to + 動詞原形構成，在句中起名詞，形容詞和副詞的作用，可以擔任除謂語以外的其它任何成分。

1.動詞不定式作主語：

To mast a language is not an easy thing.To teach English is my favorite.It's my pleasure to help you.動詞不定式作主語時可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主語放在原主語的位置上。

It's very kind of you to have given us much help.你給了我們那么多的幫助真是太好了。

It's necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目擊者。

2.動詞不定式作賓語：

某些及物動詞可以用動詞不定式作賓語，這些動詞有decide, begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.What I wish is to learn English well.I like to help others if I can.3.動詞不定式作賓語補語。

We expect you to be with us.我們希望你和我們在一起。

Please ask him to come here quickly.請叫他快過來。

4.動詞不定式作表語 ：

What I should do is to finish the task soon.我應該做的是趕快完成任務。

The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.當務之急是馬上去找孩子。

5.動詞不定式作定語：

There are many ways to solve the problem.有許多方法能解決這個問題。

I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告訴你。

6.不定式作狀語：

We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我們去醫院看了我們的老師。

She is making a test to get a kind of useful medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做試驗，從一種西藏花中提取某種有用的藥物。

動詞不定式的否定形式：

not + to + 動詞原形

The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老師告訴我們不要在那條河里游泳。

It's unfair not to tell us.沒告訴我們真是不公平。

帶疑問詞的不定式：

疑問詞who, what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，構成不定式短語，使含義更加具體。

Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方還不知道。

I don't know when to begin.我不知道什么時間開始。

Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告訴我哪兒能買到電池嗎？

Do you know how to get to the station.你知道怎樣去車站嗎？

帶邏輯主語的不定式：

動詞不定式可以帶有自己的邏輯主語，構成方法是： for + 邏輯主語 + 不定式。

注意：邏輯主語用賓格形式，for 本身無實際意義，它只表明后面的主語從邏輯上分析是不定式的主語。It's necessary for us to help each other.我們互相幫忙是必要的。

There are much work for me to finish, 有許多工作要我去完成。

動詞不定式的被動形式： 表示不定式動詞同所修飾的名詞是被動關系。

He is the man to be examined.他是受檢查的人。

There are much work to be done.有好多工作要做。

●動 名 詞

動名詞是由動詞原形 + ing 構成，同現在分詞形式一樣，在句中可作主語，賓語，表語和定語。

1)動名詞作主語：

Talking like that is not polite.Learning from others is important.Putting on more clothes is not so good.（注：動名詞可以象動詞不定式一樣，用 it 先行祠代替，而把動名詞寫在后面。

It's no use waiting here, let's go home.It's very difficult climbing this mountain.2)動名詞作表語

The nurse's job is looking after the patients.Seeing is believing.3)動名詞作賓語

有些動詞須用動名詞來作賓語,它們是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.Please stop smoking in the house.I like reading in the forest.Do you mind my opening the windows?

4）動名詞作定語

She is studying in the reading room.He slept in the sleeping bag.（動名詞的否定形式：not + 動名詞

He pretend not knowing it at all.他假裝全然不知。

We considered not doing it now.我們考慮現在不做這件事。

動名詞的被動形式 ：

（當動名詞和它的邏輯主語是被動關系時，用動名詞的被動形式來表示。）

His being looked down upon made him sick.I can't really stand being treated like that.動名詞的幾種特殊情況：

1)有些動詞的后面能跟動名詞做賓語，有些動詞能跟不定式，有些兩者都可以，它們的具體含義有時還不一樣。

能跟動名詞的動詞有：

avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。

能跟不定式的動詞有：

decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish, agree, manage,能跟動名詞和不定式的動詞有： love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,動詞后面跟動名詞還是不定式，含義不相同，總的來說，表示習慣的，一般性的動作多跟動名詞，一次性的具體的被動動作多跟不定式。

I like to go with you.我想和你一塊兒去。

I like reading.He promised to help her.We love watching VCD.2)remember, forget, regret后面跟動名詞時，動名詞表示過去的動作，后面跟不定式時，不定式表示將來的動作。

I remember meeting him in the street.I remember to write a letter to my parents.3)“stop + 動名詞”表示停止動名詞所表示的動作，“stop + 不定式”表示停下來做不定式所表示的動作。

Stop smoking, please.請不要抽煙。

Let's stop to have a rest.咱們停下來休息一下吧。

4)動名詞和分詞的區別：

動名詞作定語時，動名詞和它所修飾的詞沒有邏輯上的主謂關系，而分詞作定語時，分詞和它所修飾的詞有邏輯上的主謂關系。

reading text 閱讀課文 〔動名詞〕 developing country 發展中國家 〔分詞〕

a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔動名詞〕 boiled water 開水 〔分詞〕

●分 詞

分詞是由動詞 +ing 或 動詞 + ed 構成，它在句中起形容詞或副詞的作用，可以作定語，表語，狀語。workingworkedwashingwashed

分詞可分為現在分詞和過去分詞兩種，現在分詞的形式同動名詞一樣，在動詞后面加 ing。而過去分詞的形式則在動詞后面加 ed.分詞在句中可作定語，狀語或表語。

1.分詞作定語

China is a developing country.That's an interesting story.The girl singing for us is ten years old.作定語的分詞要放在被修飾的名詞之前，如果是分詞詞組則放在被修飾的名詞之后，如被修飾的名詞是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分詞放在被修飾名詞的后面。

The working people have played a great role in the activity.The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.There is nothing interesting.沒什么有趣的事。

分詞和動名詞都可以作定語，判斷是分詞還是動名詞，可以根據它們和被修飾詞有無邏輯上的主謂關系來判斷，有主謂關系的是分詞，否則判斷為動名詞。

a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。（分詞）

a swimming pool 游泳的池子（動名詞）

2.分詞作狀語

Being a student, he likes to help others.Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.She is there waiting for us.Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong.3.分詞作表語

The story is interesting.We are interested in computer.The glass is broken.The water is boiled.4.分詞作賓語補足語

可以跟賓語補足語的謂語動詞有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等詞。I saw him walking in the street.I heard them singing in the classroom.We found the boy sleeping.have 后面的賓語補足語用過去分詞常表示動作不是句子的主語發出的，而是由別人做的。I have my hair cut.我理發了。（是別人給我理發）

She has her bike repaired.她把自行車修理了。（別人修理的）

They have their house rebuilt.他們重修了房子。

分詞的否定形式。not + 分詞

Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.不知道下一步干什么，她停下來等著。

Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare to go to school.小女孩沒完成作業不敢去學校。

分詞的時態 分詞的一般時表示動作同謂語動詞的動作同時發生或之前發生。

Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing.看到老師進來，學生們停下來不玩了。

Coming into the room, he lied on his bed.回到家后，他就躺在床上。

分詞的完成時表示的動作在謂語動詞的前面發生。

Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right.收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。

Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.晚飯后，我出去散步了。

Having known that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.他知道自己比賽獲勝，高興地把帽子扔上了天。

分詞的被動形式 分詞的被動形式表示分詞動作同所修飾的名詞有一種被動關系。The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.正在建設的娛樂大樓明年完工。

第二篇：非謂語動詞

非謂語動詞專項練習

1.There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.A.wasB.beingC.wereD.had been

2.The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.A.foundB.findC.findingD.to find

3.The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.A.closing;tremblingB.closed;trembling

C.closed;trembledD.closing;trembled

4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.A.Stick in handB.With a stick in her hand

C.Sticks in handD.Sticks in hands

5.Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.A.to hopeB.hopingC.so thatD.and

6.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.heardC.hearD.to hear

7.We should prevent pollution ______ happily.A.from livingB.livingC.to livingD.to live

8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.A.repairB.to have repairedC.repairingD.fixing

9.Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.A.to winB.winningC.to winningD.to be won

10.The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.A.turningB.to turnC.to be turnedD.turned

11.----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?

----Last week.A.to paintB.paintedC.paintingD.to be painted

12.He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.A.to swim;to swimB.swimming;swimming

C.to swim;swimmingD.swimming;to swim

13.There is ______ what the weather will be like.A.not knowingB.no knowingC.not knowD.no known

14.The novel is said ______ into many languages.A.to translateB.being translated

C.to have been translatedD.having been translated

15.I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.A.correctingB.to correctC.correctedD.correct

16.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go

C.for risk to goD.risk going

17.He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.A.teachingB.to teachC.teachD.for teaching

18.----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.A.hadB.wouldC.was going toD.did

19.How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!

A.hearingB.to hearC.heardD.hear

20.______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.A.EnteringB.Having entered

C.He enteredD.Mrs Green entering

21.They set out ______ for the ______ boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lost

C.to search;lostD.to search;missed

22.______ her mother had come, her face lit up.A.HearingB.Having heard

C.When hearingD.When she heard

23.They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.A.foundB.to findC.findD.finding

24.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No.You can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

25.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informing C.informedD.informing

26.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

27.Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?

A.teachingB.teachC.who teachesD.who teaching

28.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

29.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

30.They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.A.to risk goingB.risking to go C.for risk to goD.risk going

31.______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(變異

體)of genes in human bodies.A.Being exposedB.Having exposed

C.ExposedD.After being exposed

32.China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, 2001, thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.A.having realizedB.realizedC.realizingD.to realize

33.Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.A.filling;having hiddenB.filled;hidden

C.filling;hiddenD.filled;hiding

34.They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.A.their not being ableB.their being not able

C.them not ableD.them being able not

35.Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?

A.to spendB.spendC.spendingD.spent

36.----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?

----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.A.lockingB.to lockC.lockedD.being locked

37.I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.A.informingB.having informed

C.to have been informedD.to inform

38.He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.A.noticingB.noticedC.to noticeD.being noticed

39.After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A.being interviewedB.interviewed

C.interviewingD.having interviewed

40.He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.A.as to be heardB.to be heardC.as to hearD.to hear

41.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.A.havingB.to haveC.to have hadD.having had

42.The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.A.being carried out;to complete B.carried out;to be completed

C.to be carried out;to complete D.to be carried out;to be completed

43.The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.because

44.Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.A.makeB.be makingC.having made D.have made

45.----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.A.to have boughtB.to buyC.buyingD.to be buying

46.What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.A.his not allowingB.his not being allowed

C.having not been allowedD.his being not allowed

47.To do a bit for the motherland, ______.A.working hard is necessary

B.to learn a foreign language is needed

C.it is important to master science

D.one should serve the people whole-heartedly

48.Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.A.to takeB.takenC.to be takenD.taking

49.The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.A.carry outB.carrying outC.to carry outD.carried out

50.With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.A.to settleB.settlingC.settledD.being settled

51.----Do you have anything more ______, sir?

----No, you can have a rest or do something else.A.typingB.to be typedC.typedD.to type

52.The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.A.to be informedB.on informingC.informedD.informing

答案：

1------5BDBAB6------10DDACD 11------15BDBCB16------20AACBD 21------25CDDBC26------30AAAAA 31------35ACCAA

41------45ACADA

51-----55BC

36-----40CDAAA 46------50BDBDA

第三篇：非謂語動詞(教案)

非謂語動詞（教案）

在英語中，不是用作句子的謂語，而是用于擔任其他語法功能的的動詞，稱之為非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞有三種：不定式、動名詞和分詞。一．非謂語動詞與謂語動詞之區別：

1．相同之處：

1）可以有賓語： He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2)可以被狀語修飾：

He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3)可以有“體”式和語態的變化： She has finished her job.Having finished her work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4)可以有自己的邏輯主語： My wife often works late.I dislike my wife’s working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.2．不同之處：

1）可以起名詞作用（如：不定式和動名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2）可以起形容詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作表語、定語和賓語補足語等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3）可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二．不定式：

1．作主語（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語）To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy(for me)to learn a foreign language.2．作表語

My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3．作賓語

He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.作賓語補語（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notice等感官動詞以及let, make,have等動詞后面，作賓補的不定式 to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.4．作定語

Do you have anything to eat in your bag? He is always the first to come and the last to leave.5．作狀語

In order to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.6．不定式的邏輯主語：

I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.7．連接詞+不定式

He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didn’t tell us where to go and when to set out.8．不定式的否定形式

They decided not to give up trying.9．不定式的時態

We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.I’m sorry to be troubling you at such a time.I’m glad to be working with you.I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.10． 不定式的語態

This book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.三．動名詞：

1．作主語

Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no use It is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2．作表語

My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleasure is learning English.3．作賓語

（下列動詞只能接動名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldn’t mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些動詞后面可接動名詞，也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但動名詞表示的意義是在一般情況下的行為，而不定式則表示某個具體的、一次性的行為。）

I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim this afternoon.4．介詞賓語

Are you used to eating American food? She went to school without having breakfast.5．動名詞的邏輯主語

Do you mind(my)opening the window.Tom insisted on my brother’s going with him.動名詞和不定式作賓語，意義不同的幾組詞： stop to do sth

（停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth

（停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（記住要做某事）Remember doing sth（記得曾做過某事）Forget to to do sth（忘記要做某事）Forget doing sth（忘記曾做過某事）

Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth（接著做另一件事）Go on doing sth（繼續做某事）Try to do sth（盡力做某事）Try doing sth（嘗試做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing（需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing

（需要被做）

Used to do sth（過去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（習慣做某事）

6．動名詞的體式和語態

He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised us greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.四．分詞

分詞有兩種：現在分詞和過去分詞。現在分詞表示的意義是主動的、進行的；過去分詞表示的意義是被動的、完成的。The developing countries The developed countries

1．作表語：

The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.2．作定語：

It is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.3．作賓語補足語：

(see, hear, feel, notice, watch, 分詞說明動作正在發生；不定式說明動作發生的全過程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.4．作狀語：

1)作時間或原因狀語：

working in the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴隨狀語：

They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.

第四篇：非謂語動詞教案

非

謂

語

動

詞 之 現在分詞

教

案

劉黎清

教學目標

1.掌握分詞作定語、表語、補足語、狀語（時間、原因、方式、結果和伴隨等狀語的用法）。2.掌握動名詞作主語、賓語的用法。

教學重點

動詞除了在句子中充當謂語外，還具有名詞、形容詞及副詞的性質動詞的非謂語形式，可在句中作主語、表語、賓語、定語、補語和狀語等，稱作非謂語動詞，包括動詞不定式、分詞和動名詞。

教學難點

1、掌握分詞、動名詞在句子中的作用

2、分詞作定語和狀語的異同

3、注意非謂語動詞與句子謂語動詞的時間關系，以確定非謂語動詞的時態形式

教學要點

非謂語動詞和獨立主格結構主要用法如下： 1.動名詞作主語、賓語；

2.只跟動名詞作賓語的動詞或動詞短語； 3.動名詞的復合結構在句中作狀語；

教學步驟

I謂語動詞目前學過的有哪些？

1.V/V.S(一般現在時，經常性動作）

2.V.ed

(一般過去時，過去的動作）

3.am/is/are + V.ing(現在進行時，表正在進行）4.was/were + V.ing(過去進行時，過去正在進行）

5.will + V.或 am/is/are going to + V.(一般將來時，將來要做的動作）

6.would + V.或 was/were going to + V.(過去將來時，過去某個時間點開始的將來）7.have/has + V.過分（現在完成時，到現在為止已經做了什么）8.had + V.過分（過去完成時，到過去某個點為止已經做了什么）

II非謂語動詞有幾個？是什么？ 1.to + V.2.V.ing 3.V.過分

III 本課重點V.ing形式 1.做主語

Eating too much is bad for our health.Crying over spilt milk is no use.(覆水難收）

2.做賓語（只能做某些及物動詞的賓語）她昨天讀完了那本小說。

She finished reading that novel yesterday.下列動詞后多用動名詞做賓語

admit(承認）

avoid(避免）consider（思考，認為）mind

miss

escape(避開）practice

prevent resist(抵抗）

imagine can’t help

give up put off

set about(著手）keep on

excuse(原諒）feel like(想要）

object to(反對）

3.做表語

Her job is teaching math.4.做定語

The developing countries are trying their best to develop economy.5.做賓補

I saw him walking across the street.V.ing 做賓補，常放在see, hear, notice, watch，keep，find，feel, look at，listen to, observe(觀看）, sense（感覺）, get（讓，使）, have（讓，使)等詞之后

6.做狀語

Putting down the newspaper, I walked over the window and looked out.(時間）

V.ing 做狀語時，常表示時間，原因，條件，讓步，方式，伴隨，結果，目的等

IV Please do the exercise I and II in your hand-outs and check with your partner.V Translate the sentences of exercise III in your hand-outs.1.這樣做可以省很多時間和金錢。

Doing in this way can save a lot of time and money.（主語）2.看到孩子，她禁不住哭了起來。

Seeing her child, she couldn’t helping

crying.（狀語，表時間）3.我們的工作就是演奏各種音樂。

Our job is playing all kinds of music.（表語）4.他練習寫字作為家庭作業。He practiced writing for homework.（賓語）5.你介意做一個關于學校生活的報告嗎？

Would you mind giving a report about school life?（賓語）6.拒絕邀請并不總是很容易的。

Refusing invitations is not always easy.（主語）7.我吃完早飯后出去了。

After eating lunch, I went out.（狀語，表前后時間）8.老師給我們上了一堂寫作課。

The teacher gave us a writing class.（定語）9.正在讀小說的男孩聽到噪音后放下了書。

After hearing the noise, the boy reading a novel put down the book.（狀語和定語）10.如果從山上看，這個公園很美。

If being seen from the mountain, the park is very beautiful.（狀語，表條件）

V Homework

VI V.ing 做主語，賓語，定語，狀語，賓補，表語各寫5個句子。

第五篇：英語非謂語動詞

主語subject 謂語predicate 賓語object 表語predicative 定語attributive 狀語adverbial adjunct 補足語complement 同位語appositive

英語非謂語動詞講解及練習非謂語動詞是指分詞（包括現在分詞和過去分詞）、不定式、動名詞等三種形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：

現在分詞 doing : 有being done（被動式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被動式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被動式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（進行式）

動名詞

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被動式）;

非謂語動詞的特點： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。

下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進行講解： 一．

動詞不定式

先看幾個例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.說明：1．動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4．動詞不定式作賓語補足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。8．帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9．不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題：

1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 帶to 還是不帶to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標記的。但是有時用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.與of 連用的形容詞有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語，而要用it做形式賓語。例如：通常不說We think to obey the laws is important.而說We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定語，應注意兩種關系： 1）動賓關系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主謂關系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(邏輯主語是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(邏輯主語不是I)7．不定式作狀語，可以有以下幾種意義： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.這種結構中常用的形容詞有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)結果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作補足語

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不帶to 的不定式作補足語的動詞有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當這些詞為被動式時，不定式要帶to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．動名詞

Learning English is very difficult.學英語非常困難。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing.我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已經習慣了住農村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃點安眠藥，你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結構：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題：

1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

盡力去做某事 try doing

試著做某事 learn to do …

學著去做某事 learn doing …

學會做某事

stop to do …

停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續做某事 used to do …

過去做某事 be used to doing …習慣做某事

2．動名詞作定語與現在分詞作定語意義有區別 動名詞作定語表達

n+ for doing 的含義

現在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現在分詞

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：

動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．動名詞的語態和時態

5． 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.這個房間需要粉刷。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.這個故事有興趣，我對這個故事感興趣。2.This is a moving film.這是一部動人的電影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘書工作到深夜，為主席準備一篇長篇演講稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果給我多一點時間，我會做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.當他后街時，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。應注意的幾個問題：

1．現在分詞與過去分詞的區別

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）現在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區別： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關系 ；done 作表語，主語與表語是動賓關系。2）表語與被動式的區別：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強調動作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（強調狀態）3）常作表語的過去分詞：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．現在分詞、動名詞 現在進行時的區別

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現在分詞，能回答what-question 的動名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現在進行時。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四種結構：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著 5． 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分詞做狀語與不定式的區別：

分詞做狀語表示時間、原因、讓步、條件、方式、伴隨等；而不定式表示目的和結果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區別

a running horse 現在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題：

分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）

Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系；seen 與city 是動賓關系 練習

I.單項選擇

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用動詞的正確形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非謂語動詞練習: 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA