第一篇:小學六年級 一般過去式 語法講解 教案
教學目標與要求
1,知識目標:能夠聽、說、讀、寫動詞短語的過去式。
2,能力目標:學生能用句型表述他人在過去某一時間發生的情況或動作。3,情感目標:使學生學會與他人進行合作、交流。教學重點
重點掌握一般過去時的表達方式。教學難點:重讀閉音節動詞過去式的變化。教學步驟及說明 Step 1:warm up 1.T: What do you usually do on the weekend? S: I usually ??(通過師生對話,直接引出詞組)T: What did you do at last weekend? S: I ?? 一,概念
表示在過去某個時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。通常在句子里找到表示過去時間的詞或詞組。如:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11:00睡覺。二 動詞過去式的構成規律
(一)規則動詞的過去式
1,一般情況下,在動詞原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不發音e結尾的動詞,在詞尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞,先將y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重讀閉音節(即輔音+元音+輔音)或 r 音節結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞,要先雙寫這個輔音字母后,再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不規則動詞的過去式 1 改變動詞中的元音;
Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 變詞尾的-d 為-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 與動詞原形一樣;
Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 變-ay 為—aid(少數動詞)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid 5 采用不同詞根;
Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他
Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did
二 加 –ed 后的讀音方法 1 ed加在清輔音后面讀/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在濁輔音或元音結尾的,讀/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面,讀/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/
過去時練習: 寫出下列動詞的過去式
Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所給動詞的適當形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空
(1)May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.(2)Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.(3)His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week(4)Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.(5)We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6)_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?(7)She_______(give)me a nice present last night.(8)The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.(9)Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.(11)Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).(12)Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.(13)We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.(14)What time ______you________(get)to school this morning?
三 句子變化
(一)一般過去時的一般疑問句
1.把 was, were放在句首,其余位置不變。由Was?? 引導的一般疑問句,肯定答為:Yes,? was.否定回答為:No,?wasn’t 由Were??引導的一般疑問句,肯定回答為:Yes,?were.否定回答為:No,?weren’t.如:
(1)I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)(2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行為動詞的句子中,要用助動詞did 來引導,其余的語序不變。要注
意的是,要把行為動詞的過去式改為原形。肯定回答為:Yes,?did 否定 No,?didn’t.如:John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般過去時的否定句
在表示過去存在的狀態的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如:
(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示過去的時間發生的動作的句子中,要在行為動詞的前面加助動詞didn’t.然后把過去式的行為動詞改為動詞原形。即:didn’t+ 動詞原形。
如
(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般過去式的特殊疑問句
1.What did??(主要是詢問過去發生了什么事情,注意要把過去式改為動 原形。)
We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是詢問過去事情發生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +動詞過去式??(主要是詢問過去事情發生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend? 四 句子結構
在表示某個時間里存在的狀態的句子,系動詞用過去式was,were 構成。
如:(1)I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now.剛才我們在體育館、2 在表示過去某個時間里發生的動作,用動詞的過去式構成。
如:I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。3 各種句式
(1)一般過去時的肯定陳述句:
主語 + 動詞過去式 + 賓語或表語。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般過去時的否定句:
a.主語 + didn’t + 動詞原形 + 賓語。(did+not=didn’t)He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主語 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表語。(was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t)
(3)一般過去時的一般疑問句: a.Did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語?
Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主語 + 表語 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般過去時的特殊疑問句:
a 特殊疑問詞 + did + 主語 + 動詞原形 +賓語?
Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑問詞 + were/ was + Who was at the zoo yesterday?
表語?
第二篇:小學六年級_一般過去式_語法講解_教案
第一講 過去式
一 概念
表示在過去某個時間里所發生的動作或存在的狀態。通常在句子里找到表示過去時間的詞或詞組。如:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。
如:I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11:00睡覺。二 動詞過去式的構成規律
(一)規則動詞的過去式
1,一般情況下,在動詞原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不發音e結尾的動詞,在詞尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“輔音字母+y”結尾的動詞,先將y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重讀閉音節(即輔音+元音+輔音)或 r 音節結尾,末尾只有一個輔音字母的動詞,要先雙寫這個輔音字母后,再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不規則動詞的過去式 1 改變動詞中的元音;
Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 變詞尾的-d 為-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 與動詞原形一樣;
Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 變-ay 為—aid(少數動詞)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid
采用不同詞根;
Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他
Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did
二 加 –ed 后的讀音方法 1 ed加在清輔音后面讀/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在濁輔音或元音結尾的,讀/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面,讀/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/
過去時練習: 寫出下列動詞的過去式
Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所給動詞的適當形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空
(1)May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.(2)Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.(3)His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week(4)Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.(5)We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.(6)_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?(7)She_______(give)me a nice present last night.(8)The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.(9)Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.(10)Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.(11)Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).(12)Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.(13)We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.(14)What time ______you________(get)to school this morning? 三 句子變化
(一)一般過去時的一般疑問句
1.把 was, were放在句首,其余位置不變。由Was?? 引導的一般疑問句,肯定答為:Yes,? was.否定回答為:No,?wasn’t 由Were??引導的一般疑問句,肯定回答為:Yes,?were.否定回答為:No,?weren’t.如:
(1)I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)(2)They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行為動詞的句子中,要用助動詞did 來引導,其余的語序不變。要注
意的是,要把行為動詞的過去式改為原形。肯定回答為:Yes,?did 否定 No,?didn’t.如:John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般過去時的否定句
在表示過去存在的狀態的句子中,相接在was, were的后面加上not。
如:
(1)He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示過去的時間發生的動作的句子中,要在行為動詞的前面加助動詞didn’t.然后把過去式的行為動詞改為動詞原形。即:didn’t+ 動詞原形。
如
(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般過去式的特殊疑問句
1.What did??(主要是詢問過去發生了什么事情,注意要把過去式改為動
原形。)
We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是詢問過去事情發生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +動詞過去式??(主要是詢問過去事情發生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend?
四 句子結構
在表示某個時間里存在的狀態的句子,系動詞用過去式was,were 構成。
如:(1)I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。
(2)We were in the gym just now.剛才我們在體育館、2 在表示過去某個時間里發生的動作,用動詞的過去式構成。
如:I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜訪了我的叔叔。3 各種句式
(1)一般過去時的肯定陳述句:
主語 + 動詞過去式 + 賓語或表語。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般過去時的否定句:
a.主語 + didn’t + 動詞原形 + 賓語。(did+not=didn’t)He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主語 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表語。(was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t)
(3)一般過去時的一般疑問句:
a.Did + 主語 + 動詞原形 + 賓語?
Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主語 + 表語 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般過去時的特殊疑問句:
a 特殊疑問詞 + did + 主語 + 動詞原形 +賓語?
Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑問詞 + were/ was + 表語?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
第三篇:過去式測試題及簡單講解
一般過去時
1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態,常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發生的動作感謝。
2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:
⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變為was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般過去時中變為were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子
否定句:didn’t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday? 動詞過去式變化規則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2.結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted 3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped 4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied 5.不規則動詞過去式:am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat.
第四篇:小學語法知識講解
園丁教育 英語、數學培訓 因為專業,所以精彩!
小學4、5、6年級語法知識講解
一.否定句的改法:
1.先找Be動詞(am、is、are)和情態動詞(can、should、may、shall、would)
2.找到了則在Be動詞或者情態動詞后面直接加not;其他部分不變照抄。
3.沒有找到,則要請助動詞(don’t、doesn’t)來幫忙,把助動詞放在主語(一般是人或物)的后面,動詞前面。后面的動詞要變原形,其他部分不變照抄。
4.如果句子中有some要變成any。
二、一般疑問句的改法:
1.先找Be動詞(am、is、are)和情態動詞(can、should、may、shall、would)
2.找到了則把Be動詞或者情態動詞放在句首大寫,其他部分不變照抄,句首要大寫變小寫。
3.沒有找到,則要請助動詞do、does來幫忙,把助動詞大寫放在句首,句子中的動詞變成原形,其他部分不變,照抄。
4.如果句子中中有some要變成any,有I和we要變成you,my和our要變成your。
5.最后一定要牢記,把句號改成問號。
三、對劃線部分提問的一般步驟:
1.根據劃線部分,確定特殊疑問詞,放在句首大寫:
A、基本特殊疑問詞:
what-對事物進行提問、where-對地點進行提問、when-對時間進行提問、which-對那一個進行提問,或者選擇性提問、who-對人進行提問、whose-對誰的進行提問或者說對名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞進行提問、why-對原因進行提問、how-對方式方法進行提問
B、合成特殊疑問詞:
常見的基本疑問詞+形容詞或副詞構成特殊疑問詞的形式:
a.How+形容詞或副詞:
how many-對數量進行提問、how much-對錢進行提問、how old-對年齡進行提問、how long-對長度進行提問 how tall 對高度提問、how often 對頻率進行提問,多次時間一次 b.what+形容詞或者副詞
what time 對具體的時間進行提問、what subject(s)-對課程進行提問、what lessons-對課進行提問、what colour-對顏色進行提問、c.which + 名詞
which boy-對哪一個男孩進行提問、which man-對那一個男人進行提問……
2.把原句改成一般疑問句:
3.劃掉劃線部分,把剩下的部分放在特殊疑問詞后面,句號變問號,大寫變小寫。
4.注意:如果劃線部分是主語,則要用到合成疑問詞補足主語。
四、那些地方會出現動詞原形:
1.助動詞后面+動原2.情態動詞后面+動原3.let’s 后面+動原
4.動詞不定式to 后面+動原5.祈使句中用動原6.不是三單的一般現在時用動原
五、人稱代詞賓格用法;
1.動詞后人稱代詞用賓格2.介詞后人稱代詞用賓格
六、部分介詞:
in 在…里面on 在…上面under 在…下面behind 在…后面 beside 在…旁邊next to 緊靠… near在…附近in front of、in the front of 在…前面
園丁教育 英語、數學培訓 因為專業,所以精彩!4、5、6年級專項練習
一、陳述句變一般疑問句
1.His father is an English teacher.___________________________________________ ?
2.These cats are crying.(喊叫)___________________________________________ ?
3.They can swim.___________________________________________ ?
4.I like to read(閱讀)English.___________________________________________ ?
5.I go to school on foot.(走路)___________________________________________ ?
6.He is crying(哭)under the tree.___________________________________________ ?
7.He goes to school every day.___________________________________________ ?
8.Everybody is in the classroom.___________________________________________ ?
9.Joy has a small T-shirt.____________________________________________ ?
10.These are my grandparents.____________________________________________ ?
11.My parents can play tennis.____________________________________________ ?
二、改否定句
1.His father is an English teacher._______________________________.2.These cats are crying.(喊叫)___________________________________.3.They can swim.____________________________________________.4.I like to read(閱讀)English._____________________________________.5.I go to school on foot.(走路)________________________________________.6.He likes English.___________________________________________.7.His father goes to work by bus.(乘公共汽車)____________________________.8.He is crying(哭)under the tree.__________________________________.10.We are from China.____________________________________.11.He often goes to the library(圖書館)on Sundays._______________________.12.They have a class meeting every week.________________________________.13.She does her homework.__________________________________.14.He often watches TV.___________________________________.三、對劃線部分提問:
1根據漢語提示,將句子所缺部分寫完整,每空一詞。
1._______ _______is your teacher?I don’t know.(多高)
2._______ _______ is the picture on the wall? It’s red.(什么顏色)
3._______ _______ do you get up every day?At 6:30.(幾點)
4._______ _______ books do you have?Fifteen.(多少)
5._______ _______are you in?I’m in Class 3, Grade 8.(幾班)
6._______ _______dose she take a shower?Twice a week.(多久一次)
7._______ _______will you stay here?For seven days.(多長時間)
8._______ _______is the T-shirt? It’s 50 yuan.(多少錢)
第五篇:小學英語一般過去式講解習題
一般過去時
1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態,常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發生的動作感謝。
2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:
⑴am 和is在一般過去時中變為was。(was not=wasn’t)
⑵are在一般過去時中變為were。(were not=weren’t)
⑶帶有was或were的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑問句把was或were調到句首。
3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子
否定句:didn’t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。
如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
特殊疑問句:⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?
如: What did Jim do yesterday?
⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?
如:Who went to home yesterday?
動詞過去式變化規則:
1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
2.結尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
4.以“輔音字母+y”結尾的,變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied
5.不規則動詞過去式:
am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習
寫出下列動詞的過去式
isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________