第一篇：英語寫作《災(zāi)難》

Disaster

災(zāi)難性事件是指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)、水災(zāi)、旱災(zāi)、地震、意外事故（如交通事故、空難）等。有關(guān)詞句如下：

1.事件名稱

air crash（空難）, snow storm;flood, drought, earthquake, an active volcano, a big fire, tsunami, storm, typhone, hurricane, sandstorm, financial crisis,2.表示發(fā)生

hit/ strike(struck)襲擊happen / break out發(fā)生

(1)a big fire / a war/ an earthquake broke out…一場(chǎng)大火發(fā)生……

(2)the earthquake/ accident happened / occurred地震事故發(fā)生于

(3)An earthquake hit/ struck/ shocked the district.這地區(qū)受到地震的襲擊。

3.表示起因 這次車禍起因于駕駛疏忽。

(3)The fire was due to the fact that someone dropped a lighted cigarette.這火災(zāi)是由于有人丟落燃著的香煙而引起的。

4.表示生命、財(cái)產(chǎn)損失

傷亡的表達(dá)：be killed / be injured /be dead / lose one’s life/ leave sb.missing/with+n.+adj.損失的表達(dá)：cause/ suffer great losses;cost sb.sth;destroy;damage;ruin;missing;steal sth.from sb.;rob sb.of sth.;break into;sink;erupt;blow up;burn down;collapse;fall off;fall down;knock into/ down;wash away;blow away;cut off

句式：

（1）…caused great damage to…………

（2）Hundreds of houses were damaged by the storm.暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了數(shù)百家房屋。

（3）A number of houses were burnt down in the fire.好些房子在火災(zāi)中都燒毀了。

（4）Many houses were washed away by the flood.許多房子被洪水沖走了。

（5）After the earthquake, water, gas and electricity were all cut off.（6）We don’t know how many towns were destroyed, but we know many people

（7）The big floods, which occurred in 1998, caused great losses.（8）The accident delayed all the traffic for an hour and caused the damage of $80,000.這次事故阻礙/延誤交通達(dá)一個(gè)小時(shí)，造成8萬美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。

（9million yuan.5.表示人員傷亡

詞匯：get killed;injure;lose one’s life

句式：(1)Many people were injured/ killed in the fire/ accident/ war/ air crash.許多人死于這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)、事故、空難。

(2)Tens of thousands of people lost their precious life owing to the strong earthquake in Sichuan province.因?yàn)樗拇ǖ倪@場(chǎng)大地震，幾萬人失去了寶貴的生命。

(3)As a result, the three-storied building was destroyed.50 people were killed, and more than 200 were injured.6.表示救援

詞匯：send sb.to hospital;call in the police;call for a doctor;call an ambulance

（1）受災(zāi)地區(qū)the stricken area/district

（2）救災(zāi)工作rescue work

（3）地震災(zāi)民victims of the earthquake

（4）被困人員the trapped

（5）拯救rescue/save…from

（6）呼吁人們捐贈(zèng)call on people to donate…to…

句式：

（1）Thousands of soldiers are sparing no efforts in the rescue work.數(shù)千名戰(zhàn)士正全力投入援救工作中。

（2）People all over the country have raised 1 billion yuan to help those in the disaster-hit area.全國(guó)共籌款10 億元幫助災(zāi)區(qū)人民。

（3）Fortunately, international societies offered their helping hands shortly after the earthquake---donating clothes, food and medicine.地震后，國(guó)際社會(huì)紛紛伸出援助之手---包括捐衣服，食品和藥物。

（4）The rescue work is going on while people are actively donating money to the disaster areas/ stricken areas.救援工作正在進(jìn)行，與此同時(shí)，大家正在積極為災(zāi)區(qū)捐錢。

（5）Fortunately, the injured people were sent to hospital without delay.課文經(jīng)典句子

1.Have you ever considered how weak humans are compared with a volcano, hurricane or earthquake? However weak we are, we are not completely powerless.2.People think little of these events.3.It seems as if the world was at an end.4.The number of people who were killed or serious injured reached/ added up to…

5.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.6.7.8.9.All hopes was not lost.Worker build shelter for the survivors The city began to breathe againEverything goes back to normal.諺語：

1.Misfortunes tell us what fortune is.(不經(jīng)災(zāi)難不知福。)

2.Better late than never.(遲做總比不做好；晚來總比不來好。)

3.It's never too late to mend.(過而能改，善莫大焉；亡羊補(bǔ)牢，猶未晚也。)

[寫作內(nèi)容]

2008年1月，一場(chǎng)50年以來最嚴(yán)重的、持續(xù)了近20天的冰雪災(zāi)害襲擊了中國(guó)南方地區(qū)。請(qǐng)用英語給你們學(xué)校的廣播站寫一份英語稿件，報(bào)道這件事，主要包括以下內(nèi)容：

災(zāi)害損失情況：

1．大約4.37億畝的森林和農(nóng)田受損；

2．暴風(fēng)雪造成交通中斷，大量旅客滯留；

3．造成100多人死亡，成千上萬的人無家可歸。

重建工作；

1．大型的清理和重建工作已經(jīng)在南方災(zāi)區(qū)啟動(dòng)；

2.如果愿意伸出援助之手，請(qǐng)撥扛電話021—44856739

參考詞匯；滯留detain

[寫作要求]

1．只能用五個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容；…[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]·…

2．In January 2008, a heavy snow which lasted for nearly 20 days.As the most serious snow for the past 50 What's worse, the traffic was held up by the snow-storm and a large number of passengers were detained.A massive cleanup and reconstruction work is being launched for the snow-stricken parts of China.If you are willing to help, please call 021-44856739.

第二篇：災(zāi)難英語特色

英語報(bào)刊災(zāi)禍類新聞寫作特點(diǎn)例析

引 言

所謂災(zāi)禍新聞,是指以災(zāi)禍的孕育、發(fā)生、分析。危害、預(yù)防等為主要報(bào)道內(nèi)容的新聞, 通俗說來,災(zāi)禍新聞報(bào)道的內(nèi)容和涉及的范圍就是天災(zāi)(地震、海嘯、洪水等)和人禍(交通事故、工傷事故等)一般而言,英語新聞報(bào)道強(qiáng)調(diào)新聞內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)。確,語言文字簡(jiǎn)潔, 文章結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。

一、標(biāo)題制作:同中有異

凡此種種,都值得新聞?dòng)浾咭谎砸愿呕ㄙM(fèi)筆墨去反映。新聞?wù)Z言需簡(jiǎn)潔達(dá)意。從某種意義上說,新無論是對(duì)新聞規(guī)律本身而言,還是從新聞聞標(biāo)題本身就是一條完整的新聞信息,其語言競(jìng)爭(zhēng)需要的角度看,及時(shí)報(bào)道災(zāi)禍新聞利大于表達(dá)更要體現(xiàn)出通俗易懂、樸實(shí)無華的特點(diǎn)。首先,可以澄清社會(huì)上的謠傳,對(duì)穩(wěn)定社會(huì)。其次,可以及早把事實(shí)真相告訴讀者,引導(dǎo)讀者為國(guó)分憂,同心同德,克服苦難;再次,可以及時(shí)傳達(dá)政府部門和社會(huì)各界同情、支如何種災(zāi)難(地震、空難、火災(zāi)、車禍)? 傷亡人數(shù)?第四,可以找出事故、災(zāi)害原因,以及其他可統(tǒng)計(jì)的損失,等等。

(1)Fireworks cache explodes in crowded area of downtown Lima, at least 77 killed

不難看出,本例標(biāo)題開門見山地交代了災(zāi)難的性質(zhì)(即煙花爆炸),并提供了死亡人數(shù), 最有價(jià)值的新聞信息得以凸顯放大,一目了然, 極易在瞬間吸引讀者的視線。這是災(zāi)禍新聞標(biāo)題與一般新聞標(biāo)題的相同之處。

那么,差異何在呢? 主要表現(xiàn)在重大或突發(fā)新聞的標(biāo)題制作上。越是突發(fā)新聞,災(zāi)難程度越高,災(zāi)禍新聞的標(biāo)題往往就越凝練。這類災(zāi)禍新聞的標(biāo)題大多僅用幾個(gè)詞就提煉了新聞精華,且時(shí)常無暇顧及傷亡或損失等情況。例如, 2001 年9月11 日美國(guó)發(fā)生震驚全球的“9.11”恐怖襲擊事件,紐約世界貿(mào)易中心遭受國(guó)際恐怖主義分子操縱的民航客機(jī)的毀滅性撞擊, 巨大的建筑物坍塌了, 機(jī)上和樓內(nèi)3000 多條人命瞬間被邪惡的恐怖主義襲擊吞噬了。這一特大災(zāi)禍新聞發(fā)生后, 對(duì)幸存者來說, 驚魂未定,心有余悸;對(duì)遇難者家屬來說,更是哀思綿綿,此恨無期;對(duì)于新聞工作者而言,震驚程度也不亞于常人。全美及世界各國(guó)的新聞媒體紛紛在新聞標(biāo)題中刻意選用簡(jiǎn)約的抽象詞語來超強(qiáng)濃縮這一爆炸性突發(fā)新聞。限于篇幅,僅摘選《今日美國(guó)》(USA Today)、《泰晤士報(bào)》(Time)等部分英語報(bào)刊上的10 余條新聞標(biāo)題加以比較、分析:

(2)Act of War(USA Today)

(3)Terror Comes to America(The Times)

(4)US Attacked(The Washington Post)

(5)Terror war on the USA(The Evening Standard)

(6)War on America(The Daily Telegraph)

(7)Strikes shock nation(The Star Press)

(8)War on the world(The Mirror)

(9)Declaration of war(The Daily Express)

(10)Assault on America(The Financial Times)

(11)Terror strikes heart of US(China Daily)

(12)Devastation(The Sun)

以上各例標(biāo)題圍繞同一災(zāi)禍新聞,筆墨經(jīng)濟(jì),大都在3至5個(gè)單詞之間,卻頻繁使用了諸如“war”(雖然事實(shí)上并未發(fā)生通常意義上的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))、“terror”、“attack ”、“assault”等醒目字眼,一下子就把舉世震驚、當(dāng)時(shí)尚不知原由的特大災(zāi)難清晰地表現(xiàn)了出來,顯得觸目驚心。此外,事實(shí)上,“9.11”事件發(fā)生后,有的英文報(bào)紙?jiān)谔幚磉@一慘劇時(shí),甚至僅用一個(gè)通欄大字作為這一災(zāi)禍新聞的標(biāo)題,以凸現(xiàn)這起特大恐怖事件, 如: Massacre(大屠殺), Terror(恐怖), Disaster(災(zāi)難), Horror(驚駭), Nightmare(噩夢(mèng)), Infamy(邪惡), Unimaginable(不可思議)等。

要而言之,與其他新聞相比,災(zāi)禍新聞的標(biāo)簡(jiǎn)約性則愈強(qiáng)。對(duì)于英語記者而言,突發(fā)新聞事關(guān)重大,三言兩語說不清道不明,不如先簡(jiǎn)后繁。

二、災(zāi)情交待模糊合理

新聞價(jià)值之一在于“新”。所謂“新”,意味著新聞必須具有時(shí)效性。新聞學(xué)者認(rèn)為,新聞是易碎品,災(zāi)禍新聞?dòng)葹槿绱恕２贿^,由于災(zāi)禍新聞通常是一種突發(fā)新聞,對(duì)于記者來說,先把災(zāi)難事件的具體原因、傷亡人數(shù)等細(xì)枝末節(jié)逐一了解得清清楚楚之后再加以報(bào)道不僅是不可能的,而且還會(huì)延誤新聞的時(shí)效性,使某災(zāi)禍新聞丟失原有的新聞價(jià)值。為此,記者在報(bào)道災(zāi)禍新聞時(shí),尤其是在交代傷亡情況時(shí),都會(huì)在標(biāo)題或消息中酌情采用諸如“at least...”、“over...”、“nearly...”、“tens of millions of...”等模糊表達(dá),例如:

(13)At least six people were killed and eight others injured in a six car pile up as a result of a head on collision between a delivery lorry and a sports car driving on the wrong side of the road.(South China Morning Post, Dec.27, 1998)

(14)In Southeast Asia alone, flooding of low lying areas is likely to displace tens of millions of people.(The Baltimore Sun, July 2, 1996)

同理,在災(zāi)禍新聞中,尤其是人為事故報(bào)道中,記者在交待事故原因時(shí)也經(jīng)常采用模糊的筆墨,以表示“事故原因正在進(jìn)一步調(diào)查中”或“目前,事故原因尚不清楚”之類的意思。英語災(zāi)禍新聞中,有關(guān)事故原因的常見的模糊用語,包括:

Experts are probing/looking into the cause of the accident./ Police are still investigating the cause of the accident./ The cause of the accident is still under investigation./ The cause of the accident is yet to be known./ The cause of the accident remains unknown./ The cause of the fire remains to be verified./ There is no word on what caused the accident.三、導(dǎo)語寫作凸現(xiàn)背景

新聞是客觀世界的反映,從新聞事業(yè)誕生以來,災(zāi)難性新聞就一直是傳播活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)之一,一如西方的一句名言所述: No news is good news.(沒有消息就是好消息)。因?yàn)樵谧⒅禺惓Ｐ缘奈鞣叫侣劷缈磥? 壞消息才是好新聞。

與一般消息一樣,英語報(bào)刊上的災(zāi)難消息的結(jié)構(gòu)也分為標(biāo)題、導(dǎo)語和正文三部分,其中最重要的部分是導(dǎo)語。所謂導(dǎo)語,是指消息的第一段或開頭幾段。它通常擔(dān)負(fù)著兩個(gè)任務(wù):一是揭示主題,即告訴讀者這條消息的主要內(nèi)容是什么;二是吸引讀者不得不讀下去,正如美國(guó)新聞學(xué)者威廉·梅茨(W illiam Metz)在他所寫的專著《新聞寫作: 從導(dǎo)語到結(jié)尾》(News writing: From Lead to“30”)中所言“抓住或失去讀者,取決于新聞稿的第一段,第一句,甚至第一行。”為此,導(dǎo)語一般是首先突出最重要的事實(shí),即新聞信息,同時(shí)以簡(jiǎn)約的文字交待與該事實(shí)相關(guān)的背景(時(shí)空條件、原因、后果及方式等)。因此,英語災(zāi)難消息導(dǎo)語的基本信息結(jié)構(gòu)所造成的損失或后果作為新聞信息加以凸顯, 而把災(zāi)難本身當(dāng)作背景來處理。如下面兩例所示:

(15)Tour bus crash claims 48 lives

At least 48 passengers were killed after their sightseeing coach left the road and plunged 30 feet into a valley as a result of a head on collision between a van and a sports car driving on the wrong side of the road.(Houston Post, Dec.22, 1998)

(16)Bus blast burns 11 alive Eleven passengers were burnt alive and two injured when a bus exploded and burst into flames in eastern Moscow,fire services said.(Agencies via Xinhua, Dec.5, 2001)

從處理新聞與背景的方式上看,英語災(zāi)難消息的導(dǎo)語有三種常見的寫法。

1.“損失+災(zāi)難”型 in, by, after,這類導(dǎo)語先用一句話概述災(zāi)難所造成的損as, 記者這樣寫,模糊之中不失合理,避免了過失或后果,然后再用when, after 等連詞,或于絕對(duì)的表述的大致情況予以及時(shí)報(bào)道,而且也可為后續(xù)報(bào)道作進(jìn)一步說明打下了必要的鋪墊,可謂一舉,不僅可以搶在第一時(shí)間對(duì)事故amid 等介詞來引出某災(zāi)難的情況或事發(fā)過程。換言之,這樣寫成的導(dǎo)語把災(zāi)難兩得。災(zāi)難所造成生命財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失或結(jié)果,往往是受眾關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),因而具有較高的新聞價(jià)值。在上面的第一則導(dǎo)語中,劈頭一句就告訴讀者至少有48 名游客隨大客車墜入峽谷而魂歸西天;在第二則導(dǎo)語開門見山地向讀者交代了傷亡情況(11 人被活活燒死,另有2 人受傷),血淋淋的數(shù)字足以使人“可驚可愕”。這種導(dǎo)語的特點(diǎn)在于突出了災(zāi)害造成的損失或結(jié)果,并在第一時(shí)間傳遞了最新的新聞信息,滿足了讀者急欲抓住核心信息的心理,因而有利于吸引讀者的眼球,使他們欲罷不能。

此外,值得注意的是,在這種導(dǎo)語中,由于災(zāi)害的承受者在句首做了主語,所以,這個(gè)說明災(zāi)害損失的句子一般使用被動(dòng)語態(tài),同時(shí),被動(dòng)語態(tài)也更能強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者,凸顯災(zāi)害的慘烈程度。當(dāng)然,并非所有情況下謂語動(dòng)詞都得使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。有時(shí)引出災(zāi)害損失的句子也會(huì)使用主動(dòng)語態(tài),或者主、被動(dòng)語態(tài)并用,這主要是因?yàn)槟承﹦?dòng)詞本身是不及物的,不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如以下兩例:

Amudslide that burston Sunday morning has claimed 19 lives in Northeast China ’s Liaoning Province.(China Daily, Aug.8, 2001)

以上兩例,分別以“a traffic accident”和“a mud slide”為主語,作為敘事的起點(diǎn),以“killed”, “injured”和“claimed”為謂語動(dòng)詞,以受害者為賓語, 一口氣交待了新聞六要素中的四個(gè): WHAT(災(zāi)難),WHO(傷亡人員),WHERE(事發(fā)地點(diǎn)), WHEN(事發(fā)時(shí)間)。這樣寫成的導(dǎo)語,簡(jiǎn)潔明快,一氣呵成,尤其適合于報(bào)道性質(zhì)較為重大和慘烈的災(zāi)難事故。

3.“災(zāi)難+損失”型

事故發(fā)生后,各大報(bào)刊不僅報(bào)道及時(shí),而且連標(biāo)題中描述“災(zāi)情”的動(dòng)詞也不盡相同:

(27)Iran quake kills 20, 000(The Times, Dec.29, 2003)

(28)Quake in Iran Kills Thousands and Ravages an Ancient City(The New York Tim es, Dec.30, 2003)

(29)Powerful quake jolts Iran, up to 20, 000 feared dead(The Guardian, Dec.31, 2003)(30)Major Earthquakes S trikes Southeast Iran(TheWashington Post, Dec.30, 2003)件的受害者作為報(bào)道主體,兼顧其他幾個(gè)側(cè)面, 由此決定了其較為低沉的寫作筆調(diào);我國(guó)中文媒體則常以政府和社會(huì)行為為災(zāi)禍新聞的報(bào)道主體,兼及其他,即特別強(qiáng)調(diào)災(zāi)難發(fā)生后各級(jí)政府對(duì)此的重視程度和各部門的救援工作,故其寫作筆調(diào)高揚(yáng)人性魅力,格外突出人情因素,能鼓舞人們的勇氣,使讀者看到希望,感受人間溫暖。換言之,英語災(zāi)禍新聞多“以事為本”,而中文報(bào)道則多“以人為本”。

(31)Thousands dead, more buried under debris as huge quake

(32)Strong quake hits Iranian city

(33)More than 20, 000 dead as huge quake razes historic Iran city(International Herald Tribune, Dec.30, 2003)

以上諸例顯示,各報(bào)在圍繞相同新聞主題時(shí),表示災(zāi)情的動(dòng)詞就有“kill”, “ravage ”, “jolt”, “strike”, “devastate”，“hit”, “raze”等多種,有效地避免了單一重復(fù),體現(xiàn)了各自的風(fēng)格特色,同時(shí)也從不同角度真實(shí)地再現(xiàn)了這場(chǎng)大地震的殘酷性。

結(jié)束語

災(zāi)禍新聞雖屬新聞范疇,但它在報(bào)道角度、寫作手法上有其獨(dú)到之處,形成了一種特殊的文體風(fēng)格。作者簡(jiǎn)介: 張健(1962-),男,教授、博士生導(dǎo)師。曾任《中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)》特約記者、《上海學(xué)生英文報(bào)》特約審稿人。主要從事新聞?dòng)⒄Z文體及翻譯研究、外宣翻譯研究等。

第三篇：災(zāi)難來臨時(shí)英語演講稿

Good evening ,ladies and gentlemen!I am zhangmeiyu,major in material chemistry.As our topic today is disaster, I would say that disater cannot be discribed only by ice thickness, magnitude,and the number of people who were dead.It means people are suffering.In recent years we suffer from disasters frequently including floods, drought, earthquakes, typhoon and so on.Well, obviously some disasters are caused by human

industrialization and environment pollution, some are likely pure natural that caused by earth geologic movements.Whatever it is, the point is when disaster strikes, what can we do ?

There's a saying I heard a long time ago, and it always stuck with me.“Plan for the worst, and hope for the best.” So the first step is to be well prepared.A lot can be done including developing the forecast system ,learning common sense,taking emergency into account when constructing buildings to minimize the loss.The second point is about the post-disaster reconstruction.It is not onlybuildings and infrastructure, but also peoples hope and confidence that need to be reconstructed.The disaster，although tragic，is also a new begining.We have to start from scratch , but the cruel disaster makes us know more about love and interpersonal relationship.We know more

about ourselves, and what is truly important to us.Disasters, as terrible as they are, often bring people and communities together.Many disaster victims find that they are stronger than they realized and that despite the

ill luck that has fallen their way, they are equipped to survive.As a victim, while it may be tempting to play the role of a victim and continue to grieve our losses, taking action can have a healing affect.It propels us forward and demonstrates that we do have some control over our

situation.Empower ourselves by volunteering to help others in worse shape than we are in.If we see a need, do what we can to fill it.At last, I want to say what once said by the heroine of “gone with the wind”,After all, tomorrow is another day.

第四篇：英語、寫作

Letters of Complaint)【例一】

Florence Trunkemeyer

College of Business

Ball State University

Muncie, IN 47300

November 15, 1998

General Computer Corporation

Engineering Department

P.O.Box 73219

Fort Worth, TX 76108

Dear Sir:

With reference to our order No.W 98, the 120 computer sets supplies to the above order were delivered the day before yesterday, but we regret that 20 sets were badly damaged.The packages containing the computer sets appeared to be in good condition and we accepted and signed for them without question.We unpacked the computer sets with care and can only assume that damage must be due to careless handling at some stage prior to packing.We shall be glad if you will replace all 20 sets as soon as possible.Meanwhile, we have put the damaged computer sets aside in case you need them to su（轉(zhuǎn)載自本網(wǎng)http://www.tmdps.cn，請(qǐng)保留此標(biāo)記。）pport a claim on your suppliers for compensation.Yours sincerely，(Signature)

【例二】

Sunny Company

Zhongcheng Road Jinlian Building

Shanghai

September 12, 2001

Sales manager

Elegance Clothing Company

West Street, Nanjing

Jiangsu Province

Dear Mr.Chang:

On September 10, our order for 280 womens cotton sweaters was duly received, but we regret to say that 40 cotton sweaters in white color were seriously soiled.We had the case investigated immediately, and the result shows the damage was due to improper packing, for which the suppliers are definitely responsible.Needless to say, we have suffered a great loss from this, as we cannot sell the sweaters in this condition to our customers.We ask you to conduct investigation at your end and reply to us.Sincerely yours，Sunny Lee

Manager

您可以訪問本網(wǎng)（www.tmdps.cn）查看更多與本文《英文投訴信二例》相關(guān)的文章。

1、投訴信

Directions: You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to work there because your roommate always has friends visiting and has parties in the room.Write a letter to the Accommodation Officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You would prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express/air dissatisfaction/disappointment/concern regarding accommodation.I would prefer to move into a single room next semester, as I find the present sharing arrangement inconvenient.I must explain that the reason for my dissatisfaction is my roommate’s inconsiderate behavior.For one thing, his friends are constantly visiting him;for another, he regularly holds noisy parties.To solve this problem/surmount this difficulty/improve this situation/crack this hard nut, I hope to draw the attention of the authorities concerned.I am sure you will agree that the only solution for me is to move into a room of my own.Therefore, I would be grateful if you could find a single room for me, preferably not in the same building but as near to the college campus as possible.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

2、推薦信

Directions: One of your friends wants to apply for a job working with foreign teenagers.Write a letter to recommend him/her, describe his/her past experience, and explain the reasons.Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to recommend one of my best friends, Zhou Botong, for this post.With his outstanding leadership and cheerful personality, he was elected chairperson of the Student Union of Tsinghua University several times.Busy as he was, he completed his major, teenage psychology, with an outstanding school record.Upon graduation he was assigned to be a teacher in Tsinghua Middle School.What is more, he loves his job and enjoys working with children.This won him great popularity among his students.Therefore, I do not hesitate to recommend him as an ideal candidate for the post you advertised.I am sure you will make a wise decision in hiring him.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

3、感謝信

Directions: After being involved in an accident, you were looked after by Mr.Shakespeare.Write a special letter to express your thanks.Dear Mr.Shakespeare, I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day, when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequences might have been much serious.Everyone agrees that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Although nowadays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish, we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you, this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

4、邀請(qǐng)信

Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually, elaborating on the reason why such a party should be held, and what activities will be arranged for them.Dear Wangcai, I will hold a dinner party at my house on April 1, 2008 to celebrate Mr.Guo Jing’s marriage with Ms.Fujiwora.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to participate in the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming

5、告示

Directions: The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information: 1)the purpose of the contest, 2)time and place of the contest, 3)what is required of the candidates, 4)details of the judges and awards.You should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.Chinese-Speaking Contest January 19, 2008 To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese-speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week(26 January)at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students’ Union Department of Chinese Language and Literature

6、交通問題

Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the pictures briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3)give your point of view.The pictures vividly reveal that heavy traffic is becoming increasingly serious all over the world.In the first photo, there is traffic congestion on the road with numerous cars, trucks and buses.In the second picture, hundreds of people are waiting for a train.We can deduce from the pictures that the photographer is trying to attract our attention to the issue of heavy traffic.First of all, every year men and women crowd into cities in search of employment, a decent living, and the excitement and stimulation of urban life.As people in mounting numbers flood into cities, city services and facilities have been strained to a breaking point.In addition, since in a city with booming industry, land is precious and cannot be extravagantly used by traffic, traffic flows constantly rise to fill whatever scale of roads and highways are provided for them.It is imperative for us to improve this situation.For one thing, the number of private cars should be limited while more bus routes should be opened up because buses can accommodate more passengers.For another, more streets and roads should be constructed.Since neither of the suggestions can effectively solve the problem, there is an increased awareness that the two solutions may be combined with other possible solutions to produce the best effect.7、網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題

Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the picture briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by it, and 3)give your point of view.In recent years, people are developing an inseparable relationship with Internet.As is vividly depicted in the picture, it is convenient for us to click the mouse when surfing on line, either to entertain ourselves or to meet the work’s needs.Actually on-line visiting has become a routine activity in our everyday life.However, it seems rather ironic to use a chain instead of normal wire to connect with the mouse in this picture.The exaggerative and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet.Discussion on the duality has become very popular in newspapers or in people’s chats.On the one hand, no one denies that Internet is currently one of the most useful media in our daily life.People from all walks of life are benefiting considerably from its powerful function of information communication.But on the other hand, a great many people admit that they are too much addicted to Internet to maintain a regular and wholesome lifestyle.Cyber-living resembles the experience of looking constantly into a kaleidoscope which displays both colored patterns and illusions.Such a waste of time inevitably leads to their failure in their life and work.Accordingly, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from overindulgence.For one thing, college students in expanding numbers get on line every day to learn the news, to study English by registering for web courses, to exchange information through e-mails with their net friends and to download their favorite music, flash, film and pictures.Being veteran on-line shoppers, they frequently purchase books, CDs at much lower prices.For another, once indulged in the fictitious world, people can barely concentrate on real life.Consequently, many students just chat on line or play computer games immoderately everyday, skipping many essential classes.After all, Internet is invented to enrich our life, to connect you and me, and to improve the efficiency of our work rather than shackle us with a chain.8、環(huán)境問題

Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the pictures briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3)give your point of view.The pictures symbolically illustrate pollution is becoming increasingly serious around the globe.In the first cartoon, a man is scorching the earth on a chimney.In the second one, a famous ancient Chinese poet, Wang Bo is astonished by the heavy smoke poured by chimneys into the air and dirty river polluted by a factory.We are informed that “the autumn river is the same color with the sky”.The drawer is sending a message about the significance of the need for everyone to fight against the danger of environmental pollution.There is no denying that the industry is indications of civilization, progress and development.Unfortunately, as industry develops, so will the number of factories, and the amount of industry pollutants.We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice our blue sky and pure water in order to obtain a little material gain.As a consequence, it is imperative for us to take drastic actions.On the one hand, the factories should be equipped with devices which can dispose of waste gas and water so as to prevent them from polluting our planet.On the other hand, there should be an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm actions against poisonous gas sent off and unhealthy water polluted by factories.9、職業(yè)道德

Directions: Study the following pictures carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the pictures briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and 3)give your point of view.The cartoons vividly depict people in expanding numbers are engaged in open and rampant cheating in business.In the first drawing, a boy has no courage to have dinner in front of delicious foods in that there may exist pesticide pollution or poisonous elements in the foods.In the second picture, the administrative office, salesmen, breeding families and forage shops are laughing at the hanging of a poisonous duck.Professional dishonesty has a very damaging effect.In the first place, since cheating in business reveals the moral deficiencies as well as the humanity weakness of those businessmen who engage in it, the dishonest practice will ultimately exerts a perverse influence on the whole society.In the second place, it not only puts honest businessmen at a competitive disadvantage, encouraging those who did not cheat to adopt similar practices later, but undermines the very foundation of professional ethics in business.It is often painful to impose sanctions in a specific case.But it is worthwhile.For one thing, to eliminate professional dishonesty thoroughly, serious forms of punishment for a willful offense—a suspension of the offender from business—should be applied.For another, since the incentives to engage in cheating in business are mainly due to a lack of adequate precautions, drastic actions should be taken to prevent one form of cheating or another

10、青少年問題

Directions: Study the following cartoon carefully and write an essay in which you should 1)describe the cartoon briefly;2)interpret the social phenomenon reflected by it, and 3)give your point of view.The cartoon vividly illustrates a gang of youngsters, holding axes in their hands, are rushing to fight with others.The caption reads, “Juvenile delinquency is increasingly lower than normal age.”

Careful deliberation of this problem has given me several ideas as to why this should be so.To begin with, with the rising divorce rate, some children are not properly taken care of, and are easily led astray by evildoers.What is more, devoid of the nourishment of education and a school environment, the teenagers failing in various entrance examinations become full of resentment at a society which they feel has rejected them.Last but not least, inexperienced and gullible young people plunge into the illusory world of electric games, on-line chat or even pornography.Such alienation from proper social values is the slippery slope to crime.It is my view that, first of all, the whole of society should attach great importance to the sound growth of youngsters.Furthermore, proper guidance and protection of adults and schools are vital to teenagers.To sum up, if we exert every effort, the juvenile crime rate will undoubtedly be brought down and effectively controlled in a short while.

第五篇：英語寫作

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Notice according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

根據(jù)所給提示,用英語寫一個(gè)通知。

學(xué)生會(huì)要組織一次英語講座。假如你是學(xué)生會(huì)干部,請(qǐng)你用英語寫一則通知,通知時(shí)間為2012年6月12日，內(nèi)容如下:

1.2.3.4.5.講座題目:學(xué)習(xí)英語的重要性 演講者:北京大學(xué)懷特教授(ProfessorWhite)講座時(shí)間:6月15日, 星期五下午2:30-4:30 地點(diǎn):學(xué)校體育館 注意事項(xiàng):散會(huì)后回教室就報(bào)告內(nèi)容開展討論,并制定出各自的英語學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。

Words for Reference: 體育館 stadium學(xué)生會(huì) students’ union

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Notice according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

假如你校學(xué)生會(huì)要舉辦一次英語演講比賽，請(qǐng)你用英語寫一篇書面通知，以便張貼到布告欄上。通知時(shí)間為2012年6月12日，通知須包括以下內(nèi)容：

1.比賽目的：提高學(xué)生的英語口語水平

2.比賽時(shí)間：2012年6月15日下午4點(diǎn)

3.比賽地點(diǎn)：四樓階梯教室

4.評(píng)比辦法：由五位老師做評(píng)委其中包括Mr.Smith

5.獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)設(shè)置：一等獎(jiǎng)1名，二等獎(jiǎng)3名，三等獎(jiǎng)5名

6.報(bào)名辦法：到各班班長(zhǎng)處報(bào)名

Words for Reference:學(xué)生會(huì) students’ union階梯教室 auditorium

比賽contest評(píng)委：judge一等獎(jiǎng) first prize

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Letter of Appreciation according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

假設(shè)你是李華，交換生Tracy剛剛結(jié)束在你們學(xué)校的學(xué)習(xí)生活，已經(jīng)返回英國(guó)。作為班長(zhǎng)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容用英語寫一分感謝信，感謝她一學(xué)期以來帶給大家的美好回憶，寫信時(shí)間為6月12日：

1.懷念與她相處的快樂時(shí)光；

2.感謝她對(duì)大家英語學(xué)習(xí)的幫助；

3.感謝她為班級(jí)捐贈(zèng)的英文書籍；

4.歡迎她有機(jī)會(huì)再來中國(guó)。

Words for Reference: 回憶 memory捐贈(zèng) donate

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Letter of Appreciation according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

以李明的名義給Mr.Foster寫一封信。寫信日期是2012年6月12日。

內(nèi)容：已收到他寄來的禮物（一件精美的雕塑），非常喜歡這禮物，把它們放在書架上正合適。得知他將來上海參加你的生日，十分高興。請(qǐng)他將航班告訴你。你將去機(jī)場(chǎng)接他。注意：必須包括對(duì)收件人的稱謂、寫信日期、發(fā)信人的簽名等基本格式。

Words for reference: 雕塑：sculpture 航班：flight number 書架:book shelf

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Letter of Application according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

你校英語外籍教師Boris和Chris暑假期間準(zhǔn)備在本地開一家西餐小店，要找若干名大學(xué)生為打工人員。下面是招聘啟事：

Wantedcollege students

Do service work and act as translators

Healthy and helpful

Small wages

Contact: bjpub@bc.com

假定你叫李華，愿意應(yīng)聘。請(qǐng)寫封電子郵件，介紹自己，并說明應(yīng)聘理由。

Part V Writing(10%)

Direction: Write a Letter of Application according to the information you have been provided.(10 points)

假設(shè)你是李華，得知China Daily報(bào)社招聘兼職記者，你有意應(yīng)聘，請(qǐng)按下列要求給報(bào)社寫一封申請(qǐng)信。

1.表明自己感興趣。

2.說明自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)：知識(shí)面、英語水平、人際關(guān)系、相關(guān)經(jīng)歷等。

3.希望得到回復(fù)。

Words for reference: 兼職：part-time job報(bào)社：agency記者： journalist