第一篇：土木工程專業(yè)英語重要單詞

Structural design;結(jié)構(gòu)分析structural scheme；結(jié)構(gòu)體系 Configuration；布置

project requirement;工程要求 Spacing;間距

Fiber-reinforced composite;纖維增強復(fù)合材料

Strength-to-weight ratio;強重比 underclearance;橋下凈空structural scheme；結(jié)構(gòu)體系 Configuration；布置 Allowable stress;允許應(yīng)力 restraint;約束，buckle;壓曲 Tension,compression,flexure(bending), shear,torsion(twist)

拉 壓 彎 剪 扭 Headroom;凈空

Cross-section；斷面，斷面圖 Fiber-reinforced concrete；纖維增強混凝土 sag;撓度

fiberglass;玻璃纖維，dome;圓屋頂 Arched vault 穹隆

Sawtooth roof鋸齒形屋頂

CAD, CADD;計算機輔助設(shè)計，計算機輔助制圖與設(shè)計

schedule production；進度計劃 Modify a design；修改設(shè)計 plotter;繪圖儀

compatibility;相容性，適用性 Digitize, digitizer;數(shù)字化，數(shù)字化儀 Analysis capability;分析能力 heating;供熱

ventilating；通風(fēng)，ventilation Air conditioning；空氣調(diào)節(jié) Environment engineering;環(huán)境工程（學(xué)）

lighting;照明

humidity;濕度，moisture, 濕氣含量

greenhouse;溫室

Thermo syphon，熱虹吸

Plenum system;壓力通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，送氣系統(tǒng)

fireclay；耐火粘土，fireclay brick, 耐火粘土磚

Central heating；集中供熱

Refrigerating technique;制冷技術(shù) Construction technology;施工技術(shù) Spectacular achievement;顯著的成就

Ultrahigh-rise building；超高層建筑 apartment;公寓住宅，單元住宅 facade;立面，外觀 Shear wall;剪力墻 Framed tube;框架筒體 Bundled tube，束筒結(jié)構(gòu)

stressed-skin tube system;簙殼筒體體系

Spectacular achievement;顯著的成就

Tube in tube；筒中筒結(jié)構(gòu)

sway;搖擺，搖動，Column-diagonal truss tube;柱對角桁架筒體

Water treatment and disposal;水處理

Wastewater solids treatment and disposal;廢水固體物質(zhì)處理 Refuse disposal；垃圾處理 Hazardous waste disposal;有害廢物處理

Air-pollution control;大氣污染控制 Potable management;飲用水管理 sedimentation;沉淀法

pesticide，殺蟲劑，農(nóng)藥，herbicide, 除草劑

Fertilizer;化肥，肥料

Organic matter,有機物

Chemical disinfection;化學(xué)消毒 Dual water system;雙供水系統(tǒng) Dewater,脫水

Ecosystem, 生態(tài)系統(tǒng) Perturbation, 干擾

Reclaim: 改造，回收再利用。Reclamation: 回收，再利用 Recovery: 恢復(fù)，回收。

Rigid beam;剛性梁結(jié)構(gòu) Cantilever;懸臂（結(jié)構(gòu)）suspension；懸索，suspension bridge, 懸索橋

arch;拱

pedestrian;行人

Clapper bridge;板橋 Corbeled arch;突拱

Cablestayedbridge.斜拉橋 pier;橋墩，窗間墻，pile,pillar,post,pole,Column

Reclamation,開墾，圍海造地;conservancy,保護，管理 Inlet;進口，入口。Breakwater；防浪堤

Natural and artificial harbor;天然港與人工港

Classical harbor works;典型海港工事

Hydraulic model;水力模型 estuary;入海口

Maritime engineering: 海事工程 Dam,大壩

Hydroelectric power, 水力發(fā)電。Spillway；溢水口，泄洪道（口）silt;淤泥，泥沙 reservoir;水庫 buttress;扶臂 strata;地層

Permeability,滲透性 blend;摻和，混和。Rockfill；堆石，填石

Water-to-cement ratio;水灰比

Classical harbor works;典型海港工事

Masonry dam;石壩

Embankment dam;土壩 Three gorges dam: 三峽大壩

第二篇：化學(xué)工程與工藝專業(yè)英語重要單詞

鹽酸hydrochloric

停車時間down time

雜質(zhì)impurity

反應(yīng)器reactor

優(yōu)化optimize 純度purity 烷基alkyl 芳基aryl

乙基ethyl

丁基butyl

粒子ion

乙醇ethanol

甲醇methanol

醋酸acetic acid 均相的homogeneous 系數(shù)coefficient 磨檫friction 無排放的emission-free

電解electrolysis

分解decomposition

復(fù)分解metathesis

還原reduce

沉淀precipitate

結(jié)晶crystallization

過濾filtration 吸收absorption

溶解度solubility

溶度積solubility product 平衡equilibrium 放熱的exothermic

官能團functional group 單體monomer 構(gòu)架backbone 模數(shù)modulus 復(fù)合材料composite 非均相的heterogeneous 潛熱latent heat 顯熱apparent heat 熱固性的thermosetting 熱塑性的thermoplastic 微觀的microscopic 通量flux 湍流的turbulent 自發(fā)的spontaneous

可逆的reversible

傳導(dǎo) conduction 對流convection

無定形的amorphous 交聯(lián)cross-link 隨機的random

等溫的isothermal 吸附absorption 離心centrifuge 含enthalpy 商entropy

宏觀的macroscopic 擴散diffuse 絕熱的adiabatically

橫截面cross section 旋渦eddy 無因次的dimensionless 回流reflux 溶解dissolution 溶液solution 溶質(zhì)solute 溶劑 solvent 平衡級equilibrium stage 不互溶的immiscible 浸取leaching 過濾 filtrate

提純 purification 板框式壓濾機plate and frame press 旋風(fēng)分離器cyclone 逆流counter 板式塔plate town 填料塔packed tower 孔板orifice 液泛flooding 混合澄清槽mixed-setter 萃取相extract

萃余液raffinate活度系數(shù)activity coefficient

無水的anhydrous

濕度humidity

凝膠gel 色譜 chromatography

流動相 mobile phase 固定相stationary phase 洗脫液eluent

載體carrier

微孔過濾microfiltration

超濾 ultrafiltration

反滲透reverse

電滲析electrodialysis吸熱的 endothermic 放熱的exothermic

絕熱的adiabatic

連續(xù)的 consequential 間歇的batch

反混back-mixing

均相的homogeneous

管式反應(yīng)器tubular reactor

連續(xù)攪拌釜式反應(yīng)器continuously stirred tank reactor 列管式反應(yīng)器shell and tubular reactor

濕發(fā)冶金的extractive metallurgical

流體動力學(xué) hydrodynamic

多相反應(yīng)的mixed-phase reactor

碳carbon

氯chiorine銅copper

氟fluorine 金gold 氫hydrogen 鐵iron 氮nitrogen 氧oxygen 磷phosphorus 硅silicon 銀 silver 鈉sodium

硫sulphur汞mercury

鉛lead

鎂magnesium

孟manganese 量子quantum 菌株strain

霉菌mould苯酚phenol 硫酸鹽sulphate碳化物 carbide 污物foul 氣體洗滌scrub 半工業(yè)化的semi-technical

發(fā)酵罐 fermenter

含氟氯烴CFC致冷劑refrigerant

日用品commodity 醚 ether 特制品speciality最后產(chǎn)物 end-product準備行動的on one'toe水合 hydrate 合成橡膠 elastomer 增塑劑plasticizer 磺酸鹽化sulphonate配方 formulate 冶金學(xué) metallurgy 硅酸鹽 silicate 色譜 chromatography汞mercury 強堿的alkaline 脫硫 desulphurization 隔板membrane 陽極 anode 陰極 cathode 污染 contaminate 惰性的inert 低聚物oligomer

高聚物macromer共聚物copolymer

增長 propagation 硬化uvlcanization剛性 stiffness 制造 fabricate

直線型的 linear 還原性reproducibility 停留時間 residence time

凝結(jié)coagulation

預(yù)見 foresight

配位coordination 立體化學(xué)的stereochemical活塞流plug flow 塑料成型 injection-moulding對...適用 good for

可靠authenticity 離心力centrifugal

勢能

potential 傳動軸shaft

冷凝器condenser 再沸器reboiler減少diminish 浮力 buoyancy 攪拌器 agitator 同時發(fā)生simultaneously 數(shù)量級 magnitude 熱量單位Btu 傳導(dǎo)率conductivity

至今heretofore 有效validity 溶濾 lixiviation 助濾劑filter aid 易燃性 flammability 同位素isotope 沉淀sedimentation 沉降 settling 相關(guān)性correlation 漏斗 funnel 擋板baffle 附聚agglomeration 構(gòu)造configuration 成切線tangentiallu液滴 droplet 漩渦bortex阻力drag 滯留量holdup 脈沖塔pulsed column 重整產(chǎn)品reformate 無水的anhydrous 阻礙impede

不可滲透的impermeable 吸附劑absorbent

退化變質(zhì) deterioration 浸潤 impregnate

固有的inherent

種類categoru洗滌elution 淡化desalination 熱管式反應(yīng)器thermal tubular reactor 滴流床反應(yīng)器trickle bed reactor

熱騰床反應(yīng)器ebullating bed reactor 淤漿反應(yīng)器slurry reactor

化學(xué)氣相沉淀chemical vapor deposition 加氫脫硫過程hydrodesulfrization追求pursuit 臭氧化作用ozoonation螯合作用chelation 羧化反應(yīng)作用carbonylation晶體取向生長epitaxy水煤氣water gas 沸石zeolite

順丁烯二酸酐maleic anhydride

第三篇：土木工程專業(yè)英語

水力學(xué) hydraulics水泥 cement桁架 truss 瀝青 bitumen混凝土 concrete強度 strength 非線性 nonlinear樁 pile剛性 rigid隧道 tunnel礫石 gravel柱子 column力 force

位移 displacement線性的 linear砂漿 mortar彈性 elastic塑性 plastic沉降 settlement 彎矩 moment扭矩 torque剪力 shear

正應(yīng)力 normal stress路面 pavement

鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete抗拉強度 tensile strength抗壓強度 compressive strength 土木工程 civil engineering巖體力學(xué) rock mass mechanics粒徑 grain diameter 容許應(yīng)力 allowable stress土力學(xué) soil mechanics斜拉橋 cable stayed bridge 懸索橋 suspension bridge中性面 neutral plane水灰比 water-cement ratio 民用建筑 civil architecture地質(zhì)成因 geologic origin臨界截面 choking section

巖土工程 geotechnical engineering屈服點 yield point

橫截面(transverse)cross section 安全系數(shù) safety factor抗剪強度 shear strength反復(fù)試驗 trial and error

預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土 priestessed concrete先張法 pretensioning concrete 后張法 post-tensioning concrete 土質(zhì)勘測 soil investiagation

在這兩種應(yīng)力中，前者是壓應(yīng)力，后者是拉應(yīng)力。These two kinds of stress, the former is a compressive stress, which is the tensile stress.許多情況下可能會指派土木工程師參與其他項目的工作。In many cases, civil

engineers may be assigned to engaged in the work of other projects.需要強調(diào)數(shù)學(xué)、力學(xué)、計算機技術(shù)在土木工程應(yīng)用中的重要性。It should be stressed that mathematics, mechanics and computer applications in civil engineering is importance.鋼材和混凝土是橋梁建筑的基本材料，混凝土的主要缺點是抗拉強度很低。Basic

materials are steel and concrete bridge construction, the main disadvantage is the low tensile strength of concrete.混凝土的抗壓強度是水泥、骨料、水及混合料中所含的各種添加劑的用量所控制。它們主要用于大型水壩，在大壩中它們能減少水泥硬化時釋放出的熱量。They are mainly used for large dams;dams in the heat they can reduce cement hardening release.They are mainly used for large dams, the dam in which they can reduce hardening of the cement when the heat release.水力學(xué) hydraulics水泥 cement桁架 truss 瀝青 bitumen混凝土 concrete強度 strength 非線性 nonlinear樁 pile剛性 rigid隧道 tunnel礫石 gravel柱子 column力 force

位移 displacement線性的 linear砂漿 mortar彈性 elastic塑性 plastic沉降 settlement 彎矩 moment扭矩 torque剪力 shear

正應(yīng)力 normal stress路面 pavement

鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete抗拉強度 tensile strength抗壓強度 compressive strength 土木工程 civil engineering巖體力學(xué) rock mass mechanics粒徑 grain diameter 容許應(yīng)力 allowable stress土力學(xué) soil mechanics斜拉橋 cable stayed bridge 懸索橋 suspension bridge中性面 neutral plane水灰比 water-cement ratio 民用建筑 civil architecture地質(zhì)成因 geologic origin臨界截面 choking section

巖土工程 geotechnical engineering屈服點 yield point

橫截面(transverse)cross section 安全系數(shù) safety factor抗剪強度 shear strength反復(fù)試驗 trial and error

預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土 priestessed concrete先張法 pretensioning concrete 后張法 post-tensioning concrete 土質(zhì)勘測 soil investiagation

在這兩種應(yīng)力中，前者是壓應(yīng)力，后者是拉應(yīng)力。These two kinds of stress, the former is a compressive stress, which is the tensile stress.許多情況下可能會指派土木工程師參與其他項目的工作。In many cases, civil

engineers may be assigned to engaged in the work of other projects.需要強調(diào)數(shù)學(xué)、力學(xué)、計算機技術(shù)在土木工程應(yīng)用中的重要性。It should be stressed that mathematics, mechanics and computer applications in civil engineering is importance.鋼材和混凝土是橋梁建筑的基本材料，混凝土的主要缺點是抗拉強度很低。Basic

materials are steel and concrete bridge construction, the main disadvantage is the low tensile strength of concrete.混凝土的抗壓強度是水泥、骨料、水及混合料中所含的各種添加劑的用量所控制。它們主要用于大型水壩，在大壩中它們能減少水泥硬化時釋放出的熱量。They are mainly used for large dams;dams in the heat they can reduce cement hardening release.They are mainly used for large dams, the dam in which they can reduce hardening of the cement when the heat release.水力學(xué) hydraulics水泥 cement桁架 truss 瀝青 bitumen混凝土 concrete強度 strength 非線性 nonlinear樁 pile剛性 rigid隧道 tunnel礫石 gravel柱子 column力 force

位移 displacement線性的 linear砂漿 mortar彈性 elastic塑性 plastic沉降 settlement 彎矩 moment扭矩 torque剪力 shear

正應(yīng)力 normal stress路面 pavement

鋼筋混凝土 reinforced concrete抗拉強度 tensile strength抗壓強度 compressive strength 土木工程 civil engineering巖體力學(xué) rock mass mechanics粒徑 grain diameter 容許應(yīng)力 allowable stress土力學(xué) soil mechanics斜拉橋 cable stayed bridge 懸索橋 suspension bridge中性面 neutral plane水灰比 water-cement ratio 民用建筑 civil architecture地質(zhì)成因 geologic origin臨界截面 choking section

巖土工程 geotechnical engineering屈服點 yield point

橫截面(transverse)cross section 安全系數(shù) safety factor抗剪強度 shear strength反復(fù)試驗 trial and error

預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土 priestessed concrete先張法 pretensioning concrete 后張法 post-tensioning concrete 土質(zhì)勘測 soil investiagation

在這兩種應(yīng)力中，前者是壓應(yīng)力，后者是拉應(yīng)力。These two kinds of stress, the former is a compressive stress, which is the tensile stress.許多情況下可能會指派土木工程師參與其他項目的工作。In many cases, civil

engineers may be assigned to engaged in the work of other projects.需要強調(diào)數(shù)學(xué)、力學(xué)、計算機技術(shù)在土木工程應(yīng)用中的重要性。It should be stressed that mathematics, mechanics and computer applications in civil engineering is importance.鋼材和混凝土是橋梁建筑的基本材料，混凝土的主要缺點是抗拉強度很低。Basic

materials are steel and concrete bridge construction, the main disadvantage is the low tensile strength of concrete.混凝土的抗壓強度是水泥、骨料、水及混合料中所含的各種添加劑的用量所控制。它們主要用于大型水壩，在大壩中它們能減少水泥硬化時釋放出的熱量。They are mainly used for large dams;dams in the heat they can reduce cement hardening release.They are mainly used for large dams, the dam in which they can reduce hardening of the cement when the heat release.

第四篇：土木工程專業(yè)英語1

Plumbing

In general,plumbing refers to the system of pipes,fixtures,and other apparatus used inside a building for supplying water and removing liquid and waterborne wasters.In pratice,the term includes storm water or roof drainage and exterior system components connecting to a source such as a public water system or a point of disposal such as public sewer system or a domestic septic tank or cesspool.The purpose of plumbing systems is,basically,ti bring into,and distribute within,a building a suplly of safe water to be used for drinking purposes and to collect and dispose of polluted and contaminated wastewater from the various receptacles on the premises without hazard to the health of occupants.Codes, regulations,and trade pratices are designed to keep the water system separated from drainage systems;to prevent the introduction of harmful material such as chemicals, micro-organisms, and dirt;and to the keep the water system safe under all operating conditions.These protective codes also are designed to prevent flooding of drainage lines,provide venting of dangerous gases, and eliminate opportunities for backflow of dangerous waste water into the water system.It is essential that disease-producing organisms and harmful chemicals be confined to the drainage system.Since the time of Moses man has been cautioned to dispose of his wastes safely, and cleanliness has been related to the availability ot water and associated with social coustom.Early man often lived near a water source that served as his water supply and drainage system in one.It was also his bath.Latrine-like receptacles with crude drains have been found in excavations in the Orkney Islands of Neolithic stone huts at least 10,000 years old.Both a water system and piping used as drainage fashioned of terra-cotta pipe were part of the royal palace of Minos in Crete, about 2000BC.The palace also had a latrine with water-flushing reservoir and drainage.Nothing comparable to it was developed in Europe until the 18th century.Even the equipment of the modern bathroom, though much improved with hot and cold water under pressure and less crude provisions for drainage, is in concept little different from the Minoan version.It was out until the end of the 19th century that advance in plumbing practice were given serious attention as an integral part of housing.A building plumbing system includes two components, the piping that brings potable water into the building and distributes it to all fixtures and water outlets and the piping that collects the water after use and drains it to a point of safe disposal.Water systems.When a building is served by a public water system, the plumbing begins at the service connections required to make water available at outlets serving the fixtures or equipment within the building.Many premises in rural areas are not served by public water supply.These may include private dwellings, apartment houses, hotels, commercial centres, hospitals, institutions, factories, roadside stands, and restaurants.Public water supplies have surface water or groundwater as their sources.Large water system are almost entirely supplied with surface water.In smaller communities and in certain areas groundwater is obtained from wells or springs.Independent semipublic, industrial, and private-premise water systems frequently take water from wells on the premise but may, under certain condtions draw water from a spring, lake, or stream.Public water systems supply treated water meeting public water-supply drinking-water

standards.Private-premise systems are expected to provide water of equal quality, and to do so the private system requires a water-treatment plant including chlorination as a minimun and possibly sedimentation(settling out of solid particles)chemical treatment, primarily for softening, and filtration.Water is supplied to fixtures and outlets under pressure provided by pumps or elevated storage tanks or both.In some installations a pump controlled by a pressure-activated switch on a pressurized storage tank takes water from a well and pumps until the upper limit ot pressure for the system has been reached.If water is being used at the rate it is being pumped., the pump operates continuously.Elevated storage tanks are usually equipped with high-and low-level-float control switches to activate the pump.When the tank gets loe the pump starts and continues pumping until the tank is full.A storage tank may be constructed as illustrated in Fig.1, or it may be located on the roof of a high building.Water from the tank feeds the distribution system by gravity.Water flowing through pipes causes a loss of head due to friction.Since building piping systems are designed to deliver water at the required outlet pressure, pipe size is a critical variable.Plumbing codes have tables and graphs to show typical water demandsof fixtures and outlets in a building.If the required water demand is not met because of undersized piping or underpowered pumping, the pressure dops and some outlets may have little or no water flow.Pumping codes usually specify pressure and rates of flow for the fixtures in a building.The total amount of water that may be needed to supply the demand can be calculated from tables of fixture water demand.Minimum pipe sizes for different fixture in a building are specified in plumbing codes.Since it is uneconomical to design a water piping system that would provide flow with all outlets open simultaneously, judgment and experience are used to determine the probable maximum simultaneous demand.Average daily water requirements vary according to the type of premises being served.A single-family dwelling unit averages from 20 to 100 gallons(80 to 400 litres)per day.Apartment house occupants use less.Special users such as hospitals and industries usually require far greater allowances.Drainage Systems.Drainage of residential building includes the collection of sanitary wastes and roof drainage.The sanitary wastes are collected in soil pipes and stacks usually made of cast iron, although certain portions of connecting pipe may be galvanized iron.When corrosive liquids are collected, as in laboratories and industrial plants, the system may include plastic or glass pipes or coated piping.The joints, bends, tees, elbows, wyes, and many other special fittings are designed to carry away wastes without having obstructions in the pipe or creating condtions that will cause clogging if some large object is dropped into a fixture or a receptacle.Cleanouts and receptacle outlets are provided with screens or gratings to prevent the entry of clogging materials.The entire piping system is sized so that the smallest size is at the fixture outlet.Plumbing codes specify the minimum sizes for drainage connections and the standards applicable to all pipe and fitting materials.Normally all building drainage is constructed so that waste water flows by gravity to the main house drain.The house drain is usually connected outside the building to a gravity-flow house sewer that leads to a public sewer on a point of treatment.In large buildings such as apartment house, commercial buildings, hospitals, and industrial plants, the house drain may be lower than the point of discharge.Wastes are then discharged to a sump, or storage pit, and all of

the building drainage is lifted by pumps or pneumatic ejectors to a point of discharge to the exterior sewer system.These lifting devices empty water from the storage sump on a cycling basis activated by float controls that prevent flooding of the storage area.Such units are usually installed in duplicate and often have alternate sources of power such as a diesel-or gasoline-power generator for emergency pumping.Roof drainage is collected in gutters and leaders and taken by appropriate piping to a point of discharge permitted by law.Isolated dwellings may drain to surrounding ground, while larger buildings have a drainage system similar to the sanitary system that connects into a public storm-water sewer system.Home disposal systems are used in rural areas.The house drain is connected to a septic tank with a tile drainage field or to a cesspool.The septic tank removes heavy solid materials from the waste, and the effluent or treated water is allowed to percolate into the soil through buried, specially constructed, rock-filled trenches over which tiles with open joints are laid.Enough trench must be constructed to allow percolation without flooding the surface of the ground.The effluent from septic tanks contains disease-causing bacteria and cannot be allowed to flow directly into streams or underground waters.Health codes and regulations specify the sizes of home disposal units and control the discharge of effluent.Premises often have other water uses including swimming pools(both outdoor and indoor), ornamental pools, fish pools, and fountains, These require water and are part of the plumbing system.Since swimming-pool water is easily contaminated by bathers, it must either be replaced frequently or filtered, chlorinated, and recirculated.

第五篇：土木工程專業(yè)英語學(xué)習(xí)心得

土木工程專業(yè)英語學(xué)習(xí)心得

專業(yè)英語是在大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)英語之后結(jié)合專業(yè)知識進一步提高學(xué)生英語水平而設(shè)置的一門主干課程，是大學(xué)英語和研究生英語教學(xué)中一個重要的環(huán)節(jié)。當(dāng)前，科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展迅速，科技信息發(fā)達，能夠直接及時地獲取專業(yè)信息、掌握專業(yè)發(fā)展動態(tài)是工程技術(shù)人員和科研人員需要具備的基本能力，進行各種涉外合作和學(xué)術(shù)交流都要求專業(yè)人員熟練掌握專業(yè)英語。因此，培養(yǎng)閱讀理解和翻譯英文專業(yè)文獻的能力，培養(yǎng)專業(yè)英語的寫作能力和一定的語言交際能力都是非常重要的。1 專業(yè)詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)

1.1 通過構(gòu)詞法學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)詞匯

從構(gòu)詞法的角度來解析土木工程專業(yè)詞匯的來龍去脈，便于記憶單詞，擴大詞匯量。1.2 通過具體語言環(huán)境學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)詞匯

簡單重復(fù)記憶某個專業(yè)詞匯是一種方法，但顯得枯燥，記憶效果往往不佳，容易忘記。如果把專業(yè)詞匯融入具體的語言環(huán)境中，詞匯的記憶一般長久牢固，不容易忘記。實現(xiàn)這種方法的途徑就是大量閱讀專業(yè)英語材料。1.3 通過寫作學(xué)習(xí)詞匯

在擁有一定的詞匯量以后，寫作表達或口語表達都能促進詞匯的學(xué)習(xí)。2 翻譯技能的學(xué)習(xí)

翻譯是運用一種語言把另一種語言所表達的思維內(nèi)容準確而完整地重新表達出來的語言活動。

2.1 掌握翻譯的基本理論知識

翻譯是一門學(xué)科，經(jīng)過千百年來翻譯家的共同努力，已經(jīng)在語言學(xué)、文學(xué)、文化、心理學(xué)、人類學(xué)、哲學(xué)和教育學(xué)等學(xué)科的基礎(chǔ)上初步建立了一套理論體系，并在具體實踐中總結(jié)出了一套行之有效的跨文化和語言轉(zhuǎn)換模式。2.2 掌握專業(yè)英語的常用句式結(jié)構(gòu)

科技文章的特點是嚴謹周密，概念準確，邏輯性強，行文簡練，重點突出，它有常用的句式結(jié)構(gòu)。

2.3 進行翻譯實踐練習(xí)

翻譯是一項創(chuàng)造性的語言活動，具有很強的實踐性。2.4 通過閱讀提高翻譯能力

閱讀和翻譯能力的提高是互相促進的，讀得越多掌握的專業(yè)詞匯與專業(yè)知識就越多，有助于翻譯能力的提高。口語表達能力的提高

專業(yè)英語口語表達與日常英語口語表達不同的地方就是其具有專業(yè)性，可以通過以下方法循序漸進練習(xí)。

3.1 大聲朗讀專業(yè)英語材料

大聲反復(fù)地朗讀專業(yè)英語材料，鍛煉英語的發(fā)音，語調(diào)與節(jié)奏，培養(yǎng)語感，使口腔各發(fā)音部位靈活，提高口語表達能力，并增加對專業(yè)詞匯的熟悉程度。3.2 設(shè)立場景進行實際訓(xùn)練

3~5 人組成一組，設(shè)立實際場景扮演不同的角色進行練習(xí)。3.3 多參加以英語為媒介的專題講座

在學(xué)校或涉外工作中，經(jīng)常有以英語為媒介的幻燈片講座，多參加并積極詢問，增加和外國人面對面交流的機會，也就是多增加應(yīng)用專業(yè)英語的機會，這樣可以促進專業(yè)英語的口語表達能力的提高。