第一篇：2011商英論題目

國(guó)際結(jié)算論文選題參考

1、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化對(duì)國(guó)際結(jié)算的影響及其對(duì)策

2、匯款方式的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究

3、托收方式的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究

4、信用證方式的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究

5、商業(yè)銀行國(guó)際結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)服務(wù)營(yíng)銷策略研究

6、國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行國(guó)際結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)研究

7、我國(guó)中小股份制商業(yè)銀行國(guó)際結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展研究

8、我國(guó)外貿(mào)企業(yè)國(guó)際結(jié)算的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及防范

9、外資銀行國(guó)際結(jié)算服務(wù)營(yíng)銷組合探究

10、人民幣升值對(duì)我國(guó)出口的影響分析

11、淺析跨國(guó)公司從國(guó)際貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)向國(guó)際直接投資的原因

12、出口退稅問題的若干問題與思考

13、匯款、托收與信用證三種結(jié)算方式的比較分析

14、對(duì)信用證問題的認(rèn)識(shí)

15、信用證軟條款的常見形式及防范措施

16、外貿(mào)企業(yè)國(guó)際結(jié)算方式的理性選擇

17、中國(guó)對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系的現(xiàn)狀和對(duì)策

18.我國(guó)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出口如何突破貿(mào)易壁壘分析

19.中國(guó)汽車出口的策略問題探討

20、金融危機(jī)背景下貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義的新特征以及中國(guó)的應(yīng)對(duì)措施

21.當(dāng)前中國(guó)如何處理好擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需與對(duì)外開放的關(guān)系

第二篇：商英演講稿

開場(chǎng)白

Good morning everyone，Thank you for giving me the opportunity to present you the latest model product.First let me introduce ourteam’ members 介紹人~~~Well I will not tell you what products we want to introduce，But I will play a video then you can guess what product we want to introduceOK?（視頻放完后，提問）The video is over ,according the video, can you get the answer about what product we want to introduce ?(答對(duì))You can see the clothes swim in the water as the fish,that has proved our company ’ slatest model of washer HWF5300AW can make the clothes more supple and it ‘s always the best seller of this kind.（錯(cuò)）It doesn’t matter,just have a try.Yeah Washing machine.More accurately，This is our latest model of the washer Haier Front –Load Washer.HWF5300AW and it ‘s always the best seller of this kind.As we all know , Washing machines play an important role in our daily life ,especially for the lazy.As for me,I hate washing clothes very much,so washing machine become a good helper for me.Moreover With the help of the washer , we do not spend too much time on washing ,and we can protect our hands from being hurt.In a word，washing machine is very useful.介紹主要的內(nèi)容

This is a catalog.You can see that my presentation will be divided into six parts.Including Introduction，Why Haier，Energy star，F(xiàn)ront-Load，Product Details，Technology.Next , I will explain to you one by one.OKLet’s begin.介紹產(chǎn)品

Firstly , let’s watch a video to know more about the latest model of washer HWF5300AW.Well , the video is over ,and I am sure you have a clear understanding of the product.Now let’s into the next phase.? Maybe you will ask Why Haier, well , on the one hand Haier is the number one laundry brand in the world..On the other

hand we are committed to providing customers with sensible options that empower them to live a modern and affordable lifestyle.however, Haier focuses on making the laundry experience better than ever before.That’s why Haier offers more options to meet individual laundry needs.? Do you know why the Haier Front –Load Washer HWF5300AW is called Energy Star ?

If you don’t know, never mind, let me tell you.Now please listen to me carefully ,there are five reasons

1.Energy Saver(At Haier , we are dedicated to meeting customer needs through practical innovation for a smarter life and a

better planet)

2.Eco-Friendly(Haier laundry systems are developed with the environment in mind.From water use energy saving

options，we look to reduce water cousumption and energy use，which cuts down on utility bills

3.Green Wash Cycle(Designed to save up to 80﹪ more energy over standard washers without sacrificing

cleaning performance)

4.Energy Star @ Qualified(Energy star qualified clothes washers use over 50﹪ less water and about 37

﹪ less energy than standard top-load washers.5.High Efficiency(HE)(HE detergents are formulate to create less suds and disperse quickly in the rinse

cycle，so they word best with the front load′s dynamic wash action.The 1300 RPM spin speed extracts more water than traditional washers and reduces time in the dryer.Next Front-Load is one of the features ofthe Haier Front –Load Washer HWF5300AW

Compared with others ,Front-Load High-Efficiency washers use less water and energy than traditional Top-Load models.Multiple settings make it so younever waste water or energy on smaller loads.And This is one of the keys for its1

popularity(這就是它這么受歡迎的關(guān)鍵之一)

? If you look at the screen behind me showing a picture of the HWF5300AW and the animation of the

functions , you will see that the washer is white and It ‘ s Width is 125 cm , it ‘ s length 132 cm , and it ‘ s depth is 174cm.OK, now let me move to the next point , the Product Detials（產(chǎn)品具體情況）

The corrosion（腐蝕，鐵銹）resistant（抵抗，防腐劑）stainless（不銹的）steel（鋼鐵）washtub（洗衣盆）uses a tumbling（滾筒）action that is gentler（溫和）on your clothes and requires far less water than traditional top-loading agitator（攪拌器）washers.An electronic touch sensitive（靈敏的）control pad makes for incredible（難以置信）ease（舒適）of use and style.Haier’s 5300 series Front-Load Washer is the end to your search for an efficient and eco-friendly washer.? Finally , I want to talk about the Technology of the Haier Front –Load Washer HWF5300AW

There are seven points of advantages in the Technology

1.More Options(Haier′s Front-load washer can handle any load from delicate to heavily-stained clothes.The washer is custom programmable for up to 10 combinations of cycles , settings , and options for easy access to your favorite wash programs.2.AutomaticTemperature control(Measures and releases the prefect proportion of hot and cold water

achieve the ideal temperature for any cycle you choose , from extra hot sanitizing wash to energy saving tap cold.3.Sanitary cycle(The internal water heater revs up to this extra hot wash for disinfecting items you

need as germ-free as possible.4.Easy touch controls(Selection are clearly displayed in LED indicator lights on a touch-sensitive

control pad

5.Stainless steel drums(A corrosion-resistant , stainless steel wash basket provides a durable

surface that won′t chip from dropped coins or keys and extra gentle on delicate fabrics.6.Suspension system(The counteractive force ofHaier ′s extra strong suspension design keeps heavy loads

balanced to prevent the wash drum from hitting the inside of unit.It works as a shock absorber , controls tension , and lessens vibration for a quieter wash.7.5 compartment dispenser(Choose from liquid or powder detergent for pre-wash and main , as well

as liquid bleach or liquid optimum wash.That is all.And I hope you can have a clearer picture of the new model---.Haier Front –Load Washer HWF5300AW I am also sure that you now share my enthusiasm for the product and hopefully you will be 100% behind this model.Thank you for your time and attention..

第三篇：商英信函范本

商務(wù)英語感謝信如何書寫？

感謝信是商務(wù)信函中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的題材。商務(wù)交往中的應(yīng)酬較多，受到了邀請(qǐng)，得到了對(duì)方熱情的款待，或得到了他人的幫助、推薦、介紹，這些情境都需要寫感謝信表達(dá)真誠(chéng)的謝意。感謝信應(yīng)注意一事一謝，篇幅要簡(jiǎn)短，措辭要自然，語氣要誠(chéng)懇。

寫感謝信的自我檢查注意點(diǎn)：

1．開頭：簡(jiǎn)述寫此信的目的是為了感謝某事（如感謝熱心的款待、活動(dòng)的精心組織或推薦起到了很關(guān)鍵的作用等）；

2．主要部分：特別指出由于對(duì)方的幫助，使自己所受到益處； 3．

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)希望繼續(xù)合作、保持聯(lián)絡(luò)的愿望或有機(jī)會(huì)報(bào)答對(duì)方的承諾等。

英語感謝信范文一(Salutation)

Despite our pressing need for delivery and a lot of troubles caused to your loading work, at the last minute the ____(product's name)has been dispatched successfully.We appreciate so much your intense devotion to work and the firm stance of bearing clients' interest in mind and will understand if you would ask for some compensation accordingly.We are very grateful for all you have done for us and would like to recommend you to other companies.(Complimentary Close)英語感謝信范文二

（稱謂）

我再次感謝您在此次法律糾紛中的支持和投入的精力。

我?guī)缀鯚o法表達(dá)這次勝訴我有多高興。正如您所知，當(dāng)時(shí)我的前途受到威脅。

我肯定會(huì)向我的熟人和朋友廣泛地推薦您。

（結(jié)尾敬辭）

(Salutation)

I wish to express my gratitude once again to you for your generous support and great effort exerted in this legal dispute.I could hardly express my joyfulness about the victory of the lawsuit, which you are quite aware of, otherwise, would have caused great danger to my future.I will certainly recommend you widely to my acquaintances and friends.(Complimentary Close)如何書寫一封英語邀請(qǐng)信？

邀請(qǐng)信可分為正式邀請(qǐng)信與非正式邀請(qǐng)信。通常應(yīng)根據(jù)被邀請(qǐng)人的身份、親疏關(guān)系來決定邀請(qǐng)信的語氣和措辭。

寫邀請(qǐng)信的自我檢查注意點(diǎn)：

1．開頭：簡(jiǎn)述將要舉辦的活動(dòng)（如午餐會(huì)、晚宴、聚會(huì)、婚禮、生日慶祝，會(huì)議等）,點(diǎn)明舉辦此次活動(dòng)的原由；

2．主要部分：邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方參加此次活動(dòng)；詳細(xì)說明活動(dòng)的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程序，如還有重要人物出席，可在邀請(qǐng)信中提及； 3．

結(jié)尾：表達(dá)希望被邀請(qǐng)人屆時(shí)出席的愿望。

英語邀請(qǐng)信范文一

(Salutation)

Today we take as a special pleasure to have your company at our celebration for the opening of ____(place)branch shop.We hope that we could share this celebration with you and invite you to visit our shop to taste some delicious wine.You are warmly welcomed to visit us on ____(date), from ____(time A)to ____(time B).If your friends and acquaintances also take interest in our products, all of them are welcome.Looking forward to your visit.(Complimentary Close)英語邀請(qǐng)信范文二

(Salutation)

____(Date A)is my ____(figure)birthday, for which I would like to have a celebration and invite you and your wife to attend.Small cookies will be served on ____(date B)at ____(time A)and “real party” starts from ____(time)at restaurant ____.I would appreciate it if you could let me know of your decision before ____(date).(Complimentary Close)英語邀請(qǐng)信范文三

（稱謂）

節(jié)日的氛圍和令人愉悅的環(huán)境正適合專業(yè)人士聚會(huì)。我們十分重視如您一般的專業(yè)人士來訪。我們的合作公司——這次展示的舉辦者十分高興邀請(qǐng)您來參加于____（日期）____（時(shí)間）的聚會(huì)。

這個(gè)夜晚信息將非常豐富，您將經(jīng)歷一次簡(jiǎn)短的____（產(chǎn)品名稱）演示，然后品評(píng)試用，并由我們的客服小組講解全部的銷售支持。您來嗎？我們期待您能度過一個(gè)美好的晚上。

（結(jié)尾敬辭）(Salutation)

Festival moods and pleasant surroundings are just the best for professionals gathering.We always value so much a visit by professionals like you.The host for this show, our partner as well is very glad to have your company at the reception on ____(date)at ____(time).This night will be filled with an abundance of information.After watching a new-product, ____(product's name)presentation, you may have a trial taste and be briefed on the whole sales assistances by our Service Team.Will you be able to come? We look forward to spending a wonderful night with you.(Complimentary Close)

怎樣寫一封英語產(chǎn)品推介信？

推介信是產(chǎn)品推廣的一種方式，推介信分三類：直銷信、零售信和促銷信。郵遞是推介信傳統(tǒng)的投遞方式；傳真則費(fèi)用低，效率高；隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的迅速發(fā)展，電子郵件也被廣泛采用。

在寫英文推介信時(shí)除了注意英文語言語法方面的問題外，還應(yīng)自我檢查以下幾點(diǎn)：

1． 開頭：引起閱件人注意； 2．

主要部分：?jiǎn)酒痖喖说呐d趣；指出所推銷的產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)；介紹產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)；展示能使閱件人信服的推薦材料、媒體報(bào)導(dǎo)或資質(zhì)證明等；

3．結(jié)尾：提供其他信息；指明進(jìn)一步的聯(lián)系的方式；利用附言重復(fù)重要內(nèi)容。

英語產(chǎn)品推介信范文一

范文摘要：圣誕節(jié)來臨之際向客戶推薦產(chǎn)品。(Salutation)

We are marching with big steps towards the best time of the year: Christmas with surprises and the New Year's Eve with candle lights and sweet cookies.Are you racking your brain to find a special gift for yourself or for your best friend? We give ourselves this opportunity to recommend to you a special ____(product's name)for the occasion.Originating from ____(area), ____(product's name)has received market recognition based on its elegant design and confirmed high quality.Wish you enjoy the preparation time and gifts of the celebration!

(Complimentary Close)

英語產(chǎn)品推介信范文二

范文摘要：主動(dòng)介紹新產(chǎn)品，報(bào)價(jià)，寄樣品。(Salutation)

May we offer you a new type of ____(product's name)we have recently developed?

The unit price is USD___(figure)and the minimum order is ____(quantity A).You will be allowed a ____% discount for an order of ____(quantity B)or more.A sample is coming to you separately by air mail.We hope you will kindly examine the sample and put in an order soon.(Complimentary Close)問：我進(jìn)公司兩個(gè)多月了,起碼也發(fā)了一百封開發(fā)信,可是幾乎都象石沉大海一樣,我很困惑,不知道是不是自己的開發(fā)信定得不好,不夠吸引人,引不起人閱讀的興趣來?措辭方面一定也有不當(dāng).我很想請(qǐng)各位過來人指點(diǎn)一下,一般第一次寫給客戶的開發(fā)信，應(yīng)該如何措辭? 要寫得詳細(xì)些好還是簡(jiǎn)單明了些好?標(biāo)題應(yīng)該用什么才不致于被人當(dāng)作垃圾郵件刪掉呢?

回答1：

Dear Mr.Jones:

We understand from your information posted on Alibaba.com that you are in the market

for textiles.We would like to take this opportunity to introduce our company and products，with the hope that we may work with Bright Ideas Imports in the future.We are a joint venture specializing in the manufacture and export of textiles.We have

enclosed our catalog, which introduces our company in detail and covers the main products

we supply at present.You may also visit our online company introduction

at Http://xxxxxxxxxx.alibaba.com which includes our latest product line.Should any of these items be of interest to you, please let us know.We will be

happy to give

you a quotation upon receipt of your detailed requirements.We look forward to receiving your enquires soon.Sincerely，John Roberts

回答2：商務(wù)信函寫作要點(diǎn)

寫作商務(wù)信函并不要求您使用華麗優(yōu)美的詞句。所有您需要做的就是，用簡(jiǎn)單樸實(shí)的語言，準(zhǔn)確的表達(dá)自己的意思，讓對(duì)方可以非常清楚的了解您想說什么。圍繞這一點(diǎn)，我們總結(jié)了幾方面的內(nèi)容，希望對(duì)您寫作商務(wù)信函有借鑒作用。

每一封信函的往來，都是您跟收信人彼此之間的一次交流。人都是感性的，所以您需要在您的信函里體現(xiàn)感性的一面。然而很多人都有一種誤解，以為寫作商務(wù)信函就應(yīng)該用一種特殊的“生意腔”，于是把一封本來應(yīng)該是熱情而友好的信函寫得呆板而死氣沉沉。他們寧愿寫“Your letter has been received”，“Your complaint is being looked into”而不是“I have received your letter”或者“We are looking into your complaint”。其實(shí)我們簡(jiǎn)單的來理解一下，每次信函的往來不就是跟對(duì)方進(jìn)行了一次交談嗎？只不過是把交談的內(nèi)容寫到了紙上而已。多用一些簡(jiǎn)單明了的語句，用我/我們做主語，這樣才能讓我們的信函讀起來熱情，友好，就象兩個(gè)朋友之間的談話那樣簡(jiǎn)單，自然，人性化。

想象一下，如果您由于無法準(zhǔn)時(shí)交貨而在電話上跟您的合作伙伴表示歉意時(shí)，您會(huì)怎么說？我想您會(huì)說“I am sorry we cannot deliver the goods today”。既然在電話中您會(huì)這樣說，為什么在信件中要改成“It is regretted that goods cannot be delivered today”？放棄這種所謂的“生意腔”吧，讓您的信也象談話那樣簡(jiǎn)單，自然，人性化。

由于您寫的信函都是有其目的性的，所以您信函里所采用的語氣語調(diào)也應(yīng)該符合您的目的。在寫之前先不妨仔細(xì)考慮一下，您寫這封信函是想達(dá)到一個(gè)什么樣的目的，您希望對(duì)收信人產(chǎn)生一種怎樣的影響呢？是歉意的，勸說性的，還是堅(jiān)決的，要求性的。這完全可以通過信函中的語氣語調(diào)來表現(xiàn)。

不管是生活中的交往還是生意上的合作，真誠(chéng)是最重要也是最基礎(chǔ)的，所以您的信函也必須能夠充分體現(xiàn)您的真誠(chéng)。不管說什么，都要帶著您的誠(chéng)意去說。把寫好的信函拿起來讀一遍，確保如果此時(shí)對(duì)方正在電話中與您通話，他一定能夠感受到您的自然和真誠(chéng)。

跟您一樣，您的合作伙伴們每天都要閱讀大量信函文件。所以，信函一定要寫得簡(jiǎn)明扼要，短小精悍，切中要點(diǎn)。如果是不符合主題或者對(duì)信函的目的不能產(chǎn)生利益的內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)毫不留情的舍棄它們。因?yàn)檫@些內(nèi)容不僅不能使交流通暢，反而會(huì)混淆視聽，非但不能讓讀者感興趣，反而會(huì)讓他們惱火，產(chǎn)生反感。

我們這里所說的禮貌，并不是簡(jiǎn)單用一些禮貌用語比如your kind inquiry, your esteemed order等就可以的。而是要體現(xiàn)一種為他人考慮，多體諒對(duì)方心情和處境的態(tài)度。如果本著這樣的態(tài)度去跟別人交流，那么就算您這次拒絕了對(duì)方的要求，也不會(huì)因此失去這個(gè)朋友，不會(huì)影響今后合作的機(jī)會(huì)。

特別要注意，當(dāng)雙方觀點(diǎn)不能統(tǒng)一時(shí)，我們首先要理解并尊重對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)。如果對(duì)方的建議不合理或者對(duì)您的指責(zé)不公平時(shí)，請(qǐng)表現(xiàn)一下您的高姿態(tài)，您可以據(jù)理力爭(zhēng)，說明您的觀點(diǎn)，但注意要講究禮節(jié)禮貌，避免用冒犯性的語言。

還要提醒一點(diǎn)，中國(guó)人有句話叫做“過猶不及”。任何事情，一旦過了頭，效果反而不好。禮貌過了頭，可能會(huì)變成阿諛奉承，真誠(chéng)過了頭，也會(huì)變成天真幼稚。所以最關(guān)鍵的還是要把握好“度”，才能達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果。

就象前面提到的，要用簡(jiǎn)潔樸實(shí)的語言來寫信函，讓您的信函讀起來簡(jiǎn)單，清楚，容易理解。用常見的單詞，避免生僻或者拼寫復(fù)雜的單詞。一個(gè)單詞可以表達(dá)，就不要用詞組。多用短句，因?yàn)槎叹涓菀桌斫狻Ｉ儆谩癮nd”，“but”，“however”，“consequently”這些讓句子變得冗長(zhǎng)的連詞。在同一封信函里，不要使用多個(gè)相同含義的單詞。比如，您前面寫了“goods have been sent”，那后面再提到這件事時(shí)就不要再用其他單詞如“forward”“dispatch”等。因?yàn)檫@樣寫會(huì)誤導(dǎo)您的讀者無謂地去考慮這些詞之間是否另有含義。

當(dāng)涉及到數(shù)據(jù)或者具體的信息時(shí)，比如時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，價(jià)格，貨號(hào)等等，盡可能做到精確。這樣會(huì)使交流的內(nèi)容更加清楚，更有助于加快事務(wù)的進(jìn)程。

請(qǐng)?jiān)卩]件中寫上對(duì)方公司的名稱，或者在信頭直接稱呼收件人的名字。這樣會(huì)讓對(duì)方知道這封郵件是專門給他的，而不是那種群發(fā)的通函，從而表示對(duì)此的重視。當(dāng)然，如果您無法確定收信人的名字，那就在稱呼一欄里寫“Dear Sirs” or “Dear Sir or Madam”。

前面我們說過，商務(wù)信函不需要用華麗的詞句。根據(jù)西方的語言習(xí)慣，他們更愿意使用簡(jiǎn)練而樸實(shí)的語言。所以當(dāng)我們跟西方人進(jìn)行商務(wù)溝通時(shí)，也要盡量避免華麗復(fù)雜的詞句。比如“We look forward to a bright and glorious future of cooperation”，就不如直接寫成“We hope to have the opportunity to work together with you in the future.”，這樣才更加符合西方人的語言習(xí)慣。

給買家的回復(fù)，千萬要迅速及時(shí)。因?yàn)橘I家通常只看最先收到的幾封回復(fù)，從中去選擇合適的供應(yīng)商。如果您的回復(fù)不夠及時(shí)，就可能因?yàn)閾尣坏较葯C(jī)而失去商機(jī)。

這一點(diǎn)是特別針對(duì)寫電子郵件的。也許很多人都沒有意識(shí)到，事實(shí)上，E-mail的標(biāo)題是很重要的一個(gè)部分，您的郵件給對(duì)方的第一個(gè)印象就是通過標(biāo)題來完成的。如果標(biāo)題沒有內(nèi)容，看起來象群發(fā)的垃圾郵件的話，很多買家就會(huì)直接刪除。比如這樣的標(biāo)題“How are you?”，“Can we work together?”，建議您改成“Proposal: Bright Ideas Imports--Zhejiang Textile’s Partnership Opportunity”或者“Introduction: Our Product Offerings for Bright Ideas Imports.”這樣您的郵件會(huì)顯得更加專業(yè)。

寫完之后，一定要檢查。最基本是要確保拼寫和語法正確，然后檢查一下您所提供的事實(shí)，數(shù)據(jù)等是否有錯(cuò)。我們都會(huì)犯錯(cuò)，但即使在您的信函里有一個(gè)極小的失誤，也可能會(huì)破壞您在溝通方面的可信度，并使人對(duì)您表達(dá)的其他信息投下懷疑的陰影。

回答3：

可能你的prospects都不感興趣吧，這種情況好多人都遇到的。第一次給人家寫信，正規(guī)的格式還是應(yīng)該有的，尤其是英國(guó)的客人。首先要說明來意，包括你通過什么途徑知道他們公司和地址的,這一點(diǎn)很重要，不要讓人家覺得你來路不明，否則第一印象就大打折扣了。其次，突出重點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)單介紹你的公司，不要羅里羅嗦的，如果你們有自己的網(wǎng)站，告訴他網(wǎng)址，他可以仔細(xì)看。最后注意一下信尾的敬語，雖然外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)人的英語要求不會(huì)高，但是寫得地道一點(diǎn)印象也自然會(huì)好一點(diǎn)。

除了上面的寫信技巧外，我想發(fā)出去的信沒有回頭也可能有網(wǎng)絡(luò)的原因，因?yàn)閲?guó)外好多國(guó)家都對(duì)中國(guó)的IP地址發(fā)過去的郵件全都當(dāng)垃圾郵件處理，你的郵件對(duì)方可能根本沒收到就被對(duì)方的服務(wù)器刪掉了，這個(gè)你就要查查你的網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)商的郵箱系統(tǒng)是否是可靠的。

環(huán)球網(wǎng)校

中大網(wǎng)校

第四篇：商英問答

U5

1.Four criteria for making investment decisions income growthsafetyliquidity

2.Structure of Financial Markets Primary MarketSecondary Market Organized Securities Exchanges

Over-the-Counter Markets

3.The Investment Portfolio

A major concern is diversification.One way to diversify is by investing in securities from

unrelated industriesAnother way is by investing in securities from other

．

countrieswith higher returns from faster，which can balance lower returns in one country

—growing areas． Unit6

1.what are the relationship between the world and the volume of international tradeSlower world economic output slows the volume of？

international trade2.why international trade take place?，and higher output spurs greater trade.（trade?Why it is costly for a country to engage in international Competition from abroad）

Asset movement

Exchange rate fluctuation

Risks(Political, economic, …)3.please illustrate the economic benefits that international

trade brings to people.to engage in international trade?（Why it is beneficial for a country Opens doors to new entrepreneurial opportunity）

Provides a greater choice of goods andAn important engine for job creation 4.how does Ricardo

services differ from the theory of absolute advantage?

’s theory of comparative advantage A person has an absolute advantage over another if that person

A person has a comparative advantage over another if that personthan the other person’5.why certain nations specialize in producing products or ’s opportunity cost（比較機(jī)會(huì)成本）commodities?

6.why were Leontief paradoxical?

‘s empirical results considered to be Factor proportion theory considers a countryfactors to be homogeneous 7.will you name some international business methods? –particularly labor.’s production What are their main advantages?

International trade(a relatively conservative approach to penetrate markets, or to obtain supplies at a low cost.minimal risk), licensing(Helps the home firm since it does not have to set up

a complete production and distribution network.), franchising ,joint ventures(Can improve the image, risks.Access to important local information without the costshare costs and of buying a company), acquisitions of existing operation, establishing new foreign

subsidiaries.8.How did countries implement mercantilism? ? It asserts that it is in a country’s best

interest to maintain a trade surplus, to ? export more than it imports.It advocates government intervention to

achieve a surplus in the balance of trade.?Tariffs It acquired less-developed territories to

Quotas

serve as sources of inexpensive raw

materials and as market for higher—

finished goods

priced 9.Factor proportions can be impacted by

1.2.3.trade barriershuman resource natural resources

10.Licensing costs much lesser in terms of the initial investment and ongoing charges.A franchising business may require you to pay royalty every time a profit is made, a licensing opportunity does not demand such an expense.11.Joint Ventures? Can improve the image,and risks

share costs

? Access to important local information

without the cost of buying a company

? Need to share control with the local

12.Acquisitions of Existing Operations partners

? full control over their foreign businesses

and to quickly obtain a large portion offoreign market share

??

investment and operation risks partial international acquisitions are13.Establishing New Foreign Subsidiaries safer than full international acquisitions

? Operations can be adjusted exactly to

?? satisfy the firm’s needs

Less investment amount reap the rewards after a comparatively

long time

Unit7

1.what are the arguments of the governments to intervene international trade?

Protecting jobs, preserving national security, responding to other nationInfant industry argument, protection of national identity.s’ unfair trade practice.2.what are the government policies that may enhance trade?

Subsidies 3.what are the major methods used by the governments to,exporting financing , foreign trade zones.restrict international trade?

Tariff content requirements, currency controls.non-tariff barriers such as quotas, embargoes, local 4.what are purpose of the governments to levy tariffs upon goods imported or exported?

Tariffs are a way of protecting domestic producers of a product.Tariffs are a source of government revenue.5.what round of negotiation?

achievements did GATT make in the Uruguay Further reduce barriers to merchandise trade, the negotiations modified the original GATT treaty in several important ways.Agreements on services, intellectual property , and agricultural subsidies were achieved.6.what are the main goals of To help the free flow of trade , to help negotiate furtherWTO?

opening of markets, and to settle trade disputes between its members.7.Methods of Promoting Trade

Subsidies

Export FinancingForeign Trade Zones Unit 8

1.What information can we get from a country's balance of payments?

imports, tourist expenditures, purchases and sales of shippingThese transactions include merchandise exports and

and insurance services, interest and dividends received or paid abroad, purchases and sales of financial or real assets aboard, and so on.2.In what circumstances does a country have a balance of payments deficit,and balance of payments surplus?

a trade deficit.If the debits exceed the credits,then the country is runninga trade surplus.If the credits exceed the debits,then the country is running 3.How can a large balance-of-payments surplus contribute to the country's inflation rate?

4.What are factors that may affect the balance of trade?international trade imbalances;it is possible a country'sIt is possible to a floating exchange rate could correct any currency will remain stable or appreciate even when it has a balance of trade deficit.5.Is weak home currency a perfect solution to its balance of trade?

foreign competition in response to exchange rate

No.Because: 1 the possibility of a revised pricing policy by movements,2 currency of some other countries may have also weakened,3 international trade transactions are prearranged and cannot be immediately adjusted.6.Why a Weak Home Currency Is Not a Perfect Solution?

? The possibility of a revised pricing policy

by foreign competition in response to exchange rate movements．

? Currencies of some other countries may

have also weakened.? International trade transactions are

prearranged and cannot be immediately adjusted．

7.A credit records a transaction reducing assets or increasing liabilities.貸方記錄資產(chǎn)的減少，負(fù)債的增加。

A credit arises from the sale of goods, or reserve assets and reflects inflows of funds.A debit records a transaction increasing assets or reducing liabilities.A debit arises from the purchase of goods, or reserve assets and reflects outflows of funds.8.Correcting a Balance of Trade Deficit

A deficit in a country’s balance of wade suggests that the country is spending a greater amount of funds on foreign products than it is receiving from exports to foreign countries

U9.Under a floating rate system

? Appreciation? Depreciation

Under a fixed rate system

Revaluation

Devaluation

2.The importer can reduce the exchange rate risk in many

ways:

? The importer might choose to buy the

? foreign currency on the transaction day.The importer simply wait until the funds

are needed and then purchase them in ? the spot marketThe importer buy the foreign currency

．

forward for delivery on the Value Day．

3.The Monetary Approach

? A loose monetary policy : high domestic

inflation and an depreciating currency

? A tight monetary policy : low domestic

inflation and an appreciating currency

u10.1.It is important to identify the major problems that exporters often face: ．

develop a master international marketing plan before Failure to obtain qualified export counseling and to starting an export business

． ．overcome the initial difficulties and financial

Insufficient commitment by top management to requirements of exportingselecting overseas agents or distributors．3．Insufficient care in

．market booms ．Neglecting the export business when the domestic

．basis with their domestic counterparts.．Failure to treat international distributors on an equalcountries．Unwillingness to modify products to meet other

’regulations or cultural preferencesin locally understood languages．Failure to print service，sales

．，and warranty messagescompany or other marketing intermediary when the．Failure to consider using of all export management company does not have the personnel to handle specialized export functions.2.To establish a successful export strategymust，management ? ： Assess the company?examining its opportunities and resources’s export potential by

．? Obtain expert counseling on exporting．

? 3.E-commerceSelect a market or marketsFormulate and implement an export strategy． ． is easy to start

it provides faster and cheaper delivery of，informationit provides quick feedback on new products，it helps to improve customer service，it is available to a global audience，it helps establish electronic data interchange，(EDI)with both suppliers and customers．

3..There are two basic types of imports:

(1)those that provide industrial and consumer goods and services to individuals and companies that are not related to the foreign experter,and(2)those that provide intermidiate goods and services to companies that are part of the firm’s global supply chain.4..those documents are of two different types :

(1)those that determine whether customs will release the shipment ,and(2)those that contain information for duty assessment and statistical purposes.

第五篇：13.10商英安全教育

12級(jí)商務(wù)英語班主題班會(huì)

班會(huì)主題：安全教育

時(shí)間：2013年10月13日

地點(diǎn)：綜合樓505

參與人：12級(jí)商務(wù)英語班全體同學(xué)

班會(huì)策劃：413寢室

主持人：曹婷婷

班會(huì)目的：

同學(xué)珍惜自己的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，并保護(hù)自己的生命財(cái)產(chǎn) 安全，讓同學(xué)們知道，在安全教育班會(huì)里所學(xué)的防護(hù)知識(shí)，不僅要保護(hù)自己，更要幫助別人。在他人 有危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻，要能勇敢站出來，表達(dá)自己的愛心，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)來關(guān)心尊重自己和他人的生命。

班會(huì)流程：

1.主持人曹婷婷用一段網(wǎng)上廣為流傳大學(xué)新聞事件引出主題。

2.主持人強(qiáng)調(diào)安全的重要性，同學(xué)們發(fā)表見解。

3.觀看安全知識(shí)防護(hù)視頻。

4.主持總結(jié)，告誡同學(xué)們注重安全也尊重他人生命。