第一篇：2012年河南專升本英語真題單選及翻譯部分

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2012年普通高等學(xué)校選拔優(yōu)秀專科生

進入本科階段學(xué)習(xí)考試試題單項選擇

Part I Vocabulary and Stucture(40分，每題1分)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B,C and D.Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence, and then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.The police are __C____ for the thief in the region now.A.runningB.reachingC.searchingD.charging

2.What is the reason foron time?

A.not your comingB.you not come

C.your not comingD.you not to come

5.He had never given a speech to so many people, so he feltA.exicitingB.stupidC.disappointedD.neverous

8.All of us still remenber the terrible earthquake thatWenchuan four years ago.A.interruptedB.stuckC.knockedD.exploded

9.---“Our holiday cost a lot of money.”

---“Did it? Well, that doesn’t matteryou enjoyed yourselves.”

A.unlessB.as far asC.as long asD.until

10.I didn’t hearbecause there was too much noise where I was sitting.A.what did he sayB.what he saidC.what was he sayingD.what for him to say

12.you decide to do , you should try to make it a success.A.If onlyB.UnlessC.WhereverD.Whatever

13.So loudlythat all the people in the room got a fright.A.he shoutedB.shout heC.did he shoutD.he did shout

14.Let’s put the matter to the vote and not waste our time arguing about it,A.shall weB.can weC.may ID.will you

15.You children must stopevery day by the slow bus service in this town.A.annoyed,annoyingB.to annoy,annoying

C.annoying;annoyingD.annoying;annoyed

16.He by his sister at that moment.A.happened to seeB.was happeded to see

C.was happened to be seenD.happened to be seen

17.We consider the machine should be adjusted each time it is used.A.that it necessaryB.necessary it thatC.it that necessaryD.it necessary that

18.---“I don’t drink coffee at all”

---“”

A.So don’t IB.I do eitherC.Nor do ID.Neither do I

19.He made another wonderful discovery,of great importance to science.A.which I think isB.which I think it isC.which I think itD.I think is

21.She heard a continual strange noise coming from the next room, her heart fast.A.beatB.beatsC.beatingD.beaten

22.---You should have thanked he before you left.---I meant ,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.A.to doB.toC.doingD.doing so

24.Either of is quit capable of the work.A.girlB.the girlsC.girlsD.the girl

26.I like watching TVto the cinema.A.more than to goB.than goingC.more than goingD rather than to go.27.Until then , his familyfrom him for six months.A.didn’t hearB.hasn’t been hearingC.hasn’t heardD.hadn’t heard

28.---“Have you finished reading the novel?”

---“Not yet.I’m afraid I needcouple of days to finish it.”

A.severalB.anotherC.some otherD.other

29.I’d like to see him in my office he arrives.A.for the momentB.the momentC.in a momentD.at any moment

30.A new technique, the output as a whole increased by 20 percent.A.working outB.having worked out

C.to have been worked outD.having been worked out

31.Tom’s bedroom was in a, for books and papers were here and there.A.litterB.disorderC.rubbishD.mess

35.It was in the factoryyou worked five years ago you learned the technique.A.that;whereB.where;whenC.where;whereD.where;that

36.We must get there before 7 o’clock.That’s we have to start so early.A.the reason thatB.the reason for whyC.why thatD.why

37.You can only fly to London this eveningyou don’t mind changing planes in Paris.A.exceptB.providedC.althoughD.where

38.looked up in alarm.A.All the present womenB.All the women present

C.The all women presentD.The all present women

39.The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, highest.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.while

40.---Do you like the material?

---Yes, itvery soft.A.is fellingB.feltC.feelsD.is felt

答案：1.C 2.C 3.4.5.D8.B9.C10.B12.D13.C14.A15.D16.D17.D18.D19.A21.C

22.B24.B26.C27.D28.B29.B30.D31.D35.D36.D 37.B38.B39.D 40.C

Directions: There are 10 sentences in this section.Please translate sentences 81-85 from Chinese into English, and translate sentencesfrom English into Chinese.Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.1.你跟你的同學(xué)相處的好嗎？

2.使我們失望的是，他沒有恪守諾言。

3.我前天收到了一封用法語寫的信。84.他年紀(jì)輕輕就已經(jīng)成為了世界上最杰出的藝術(shù)家之一。

5.就是在那個電影院我們第一次相遇。

6.He talks about you nine times out of ten when we have a chit-chat.7.This is the last thing I would ever want to do.8.Not all the new drugs have been sufficiently tested for safety.9.We will not make greater progress unless we face up any difficulities bravely.10.We are used to thinking that women enjoy shopping more than men.參 考 答 案

Part 2.Translation(15分 每題1.5分)

1.Are you getting along well with you classmates?

2.To our disappointment, he failed to keep his promise.3.The day before yesterday, I received a letter written in French.4.Young as he is, he has become one of the most outstangding artists in the world.5.It was at that cinema that we met each other for the first time.6.每次我們閑聊，他十有八九都會談到你。

7.這是我最不愿意做的事情。

8.并非所有的新藥都經(jīng)過了充分的安全監(jiān)測。

9.我們應(yīng)該勇敢地面對遇到的任何困難，否則就無法取得更大的進步。

10.我們習(xí)慣地認(rèn)為女人比男人更愛購物。

第二篇：翻譯真題集(專升本英語)

河南專升本公共英語

2001

61.In addition, 75% of the world’s mail is written in English;60% of the world’s radio stations now broadcast in English.而且，世界郵件的75%是用英語寫的，世界廣播電臺的60%用英語播音。62.A supermarket is different from other types of stores in several ways.超市在許多方面不同于其它類型的商店。

63.A product that is placed at eye level on a shelf sells much better that one which is placed on a lower or higher shelf.放在與人眼同等高度貨架上的商品比放在低于或高于人眼貨架上商品暢銷。

64.How men first learned to invent words is unknown, in other words, the origin of language is a mystery.人們最初如何發(fā)明了詞語還不為人知，也就是說，語言的起源還是個迷。

65.We should, therefore, learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.因此，我們應(yīng)該學(xué)著斟酌字詞，精確用詞，否則這些詞匯會使我們的語言顯得愚蠢粗俗。

66.學(xué)好一門外語是非常重要的。

It’s very important to learn a foreign language well.acquire 67.他用了大約半年的時間才完成這篇論文。

He spent about/approximately half a year to complete the paper.68.你讓我做的事情我都已經(jīng)做完了。

I have finished what you made me do./ those things that you made me do.69.一旦他適應(yīng)了新環(huán)境，他就會取得更大的進步。

Once he adapted to the new environment, he'll make greater progress.70.無論貧富，人人都有教育的權(quán)利。

Everybody, poor or rich, has the right to education.2003 71.這口鐘大約有三個人那么高。

This bell is about three times as tall as a person.72.我聽說劉同志在申請回原單位。

I heard that Mr.Liu was applying for returning to his former unit.73.這本書非常有趣，我一口氣就把它讀完了。

This book is so interesting that I finish it without a break.74.我跟他說了幾次，可他一個勁地看書，根本就沒聽見我說什么。

I told him several times, but he kept on reading without hearing what I said.75.As well as being used for taking photographs, X-rays are also used for treating disease parts of the body in order to kill the disease.X光射線不僅被用于照相，還可用于治療病變部位的疾病。76.A punctual person is in the habit of doing a thing at the proper time and is never

late in keeping an appointment.The un-punctual man, on the other hand, never does what he has to do at the proper time.守時的人習(xí)慣于按時行動，并從不在約會中遲到，而不守時的人卻從不按時行動。77.In Britain today it is easier for young people to commit crimes because they have more freedom to go where they like and more money to do what they like.當(dāng)今，英國年輕人比以前更容易犯罪，因為他們有更多的自由去他們想去的地方，有更多的錢做他們想做的事情。

78.A young housewife in Mexico looks into the cooking pot to see if the food she is

cooking is done.She is especially interested in her dinner because she is using a new kind of cooker----one that gets its heat directly from the sun.在墨西哥，一位年輕主婦看看鍋里的飯菜是否已好，她現(xiàn)在對做飯?zhí)貏e感興趣，因為現(xiàn)在用的是一種新型炊具，它的熱能直接來自太陽。

2004

71.電腦在我們的日常生活中起著非常重要的作用。

Computers play a very important role in our daily life/ in our everyday life 72.只要你不斷努力，你遲早會取得成功。

As long as you keep on trying, you will succeed sooner or later.73.由你決定邀請誰來參加下周的聚會。

It’s up to you who will be invited to the party next week.74.這部電影使我回想起了在北京所看到的情景。

The movie reminds me of what I have seen in Beijing.75.我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了這種生活方式。

I have got/been used to this way of life.76.Success relies not only on one’s ability but also a willingness to cooperate.成功不僅取決于個人的能力，而且還取決于合作的意愿。

77.In spite of all the difficulties, they are determined to carry out their promises.盡管困難重重，他們還是決心實現(xiàn)諾言。

78.Educate a man and you educate an individual.But educate a woman and you

educate a whole family.教育一個男人，你只是在教育一個人；而教育一個女人，你是在教育整個家庭。

79.Scientists have done countless experiments to show that praise is far more

effective than criticism in improving human behavior.科學(xué)家們做了無數(shù)次的實驗，表明在改進人類行為方面表揚比批評更有效。

80.Jim used to think that the more time he spent on his studies, the better grades he

would receive.But now he has realized that it is not always the case.吉姆過去一直認(rèn)為，花費在學(xué)習(xí)上的時間越多，成績就越好，但現(xiàn)在他意識到事實并非總是如此。

2005 71.In Britain today women make up 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.當(dāng)今在英國，婦女占勞動力總?cè)藬?shù)的44%。幾乎一半有孩子的婦女都工作賺錢。

72.It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand.能預(yù)測物價的變動對供應(yīng)和需求的影響程度是有用的

73.We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.我們熱愛和平，然而我們不是那種屈服于武力威脅的人。

74.Whenever circumstances permitted, they would come and lend us a helping hand.無論何時，情況允許的話，他們會來幫助我們。

75.It won’t make much difference whether you leave or stay.你走還是留，不是很重要。

76.正式語言主要用于政府報告，考試作文和商業(yè)信函中。

Formal language is mainly used in government reports, examination compositions and business letters.77.據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貓蠹垐蟮溃蛱爝@家銀行遭到搶劫。

It is reported in the local newspaper that the bank was robbed yesterday.78.直到天黑了，他才意識到太晚了而無法回家。

He didn’t realize it was too late to go home until it was dark.79.既然你明天就要動身，今晚我們可以一起共進晚餐。

Since you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.80.英國人對不同的文化和不同做事方式不太熟悉，這種情況在其他國家也如此。

The British are not so familiar with different culture and other ways of doing things, as is often the case in other countries.2006 91.就是在這間小屋里，他們勤奮地工作著。

It is in this small house that they are working hard.92.如果我們不努力的話，就學(xué)不好英語。

If we don’t work industrially/hard, we will never learn English well.93.一個人的學(xué)習(xí)能力是無限的。

The learning ability of a person is unlimited.94.人和動物的最大區(qū)別在于人能學(xué)習(xí)并使用語言。

The biggest difference between animals and human beings is that human can learn and use language.95.薩姆買不起他極想要的那種照相機，因為那相機太貴了。

Sam cannot afford the camera which he desires, because it’s too expensive.96.Where our motherland needs me, I will respond to her call.無論我們的祖國什么時候需要我，我都將響應(yīng)她的號召。

97.It’s obvious that the development of science and technology is vital to the modernization of china.很明顯，科技的發(fā)展對中國現(xiàn)代化起著至關(guān)重要的作用。

98.She refused to hand over the car keys to her husband until he had promised to wear his safety belt.她拒絕把車鑰匙交給她丈夫，直到他答應(yīng)把安全帶系好。

99.Quite a few young people nowadays have the habit of listening to background music while doing their home work.現(xiàn)在，許多年輕人習(xí)慣邊聽背景音樂邊做作業(yè)。100.As far as the method itself is concerned, it is worth trying.就這一方法本身而言，是值得一試的。

2007

91.他一直全身心地?fù)湓诠ぷ魃稀?/p>

He has devoted himself to his work.92.一天，蘇珊(Susan)在瀏覽書籍時，被一個真實故事吸引住了。

One day, while scanning books, Susan was attracted by a true story.Browse 93.和遠(yuǎn)方的朋友保持聯(lián)系不是一件容易的事。

It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away.94.鄰居們都不能容忍他那樣對年邁的父親說話。

The neighbors can’t bear the way he talks to his old father.95.李大伯自己雖不富裕，但在別人需要幫助時，他從不猶豫。

Although he isn’t rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others in need.96.Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years.無論我們是否愿意，我們生活的世界在過去的一百年間已經(jīng)發(fā)生了很多變化。

97.The key to our room is attached to a large plastic block with the room number on it.我們的房間鑰匙系在一塊標(biāo)有房門號的大塑料板上

98.As I viewed these once familiar surroundings, images of myself as a child there came to my mind.當(dāng)我看到這些我曾經(jīng)熟悉的環(huán)境時，我想起了我孩提時住在那兒的情景。

99.Over years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments.多年來，我寫了大量關(guān)于動物智能實驗的文章。

100.You’d better open a savings account at the bank near the university.你最好在學(xué)校附近的那所銀行開個儲蓄賬戶。

2008

隨著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展，在中國,旅游越來越受到人們的歡迎。

With the development of economy, travelling is becoming more and more popular in china now.他的演講激勵我們比以往任何時候都更加努力工作。

His speech inspired us to work harder than ever before.不管他們說什么，做你認(rèn)為正確的事。

Whatever they say/ No matter what they say, do what you think is right.一個人要想健康，每天鍛煉身體是非常必要的。

It’s necessary that a person do exercises everyday, if he wishes to be healthy.他試了好幾次，但試驗還是以失敗告終。

He tried several times, but the experiment ended in failure.It’s great pleasure to have a friend coming from afar.有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來不亦樂乎？

The good traditions of the Chinese people are certain to be passed on from generation to generation.中華民族的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)一定會代代相傳。

Love is like warm sunlight, which will not only bring joy to those who are loved but also add more pleasure to those who love.愛猶如溫暖的陽光，它不僅給被愛的人帶來歡樂，還給付出愛的人增添更大的愉悅。

People from all walks of life express their great respect to our soldiers，because they are the loveliest people in the world.各行各業(yè)的人向戰(zhàn)士們表達(dá)了崇高的敬意,因為他們是世界上最可愛的人.Congratulations on your success in the National College Entrance Examination.祝賀你在高考中取得了優(yōu)異成績.2009 91.他們已經(jīng)十年沒見面了。They haven’t seen each other for ten years.92.在我看來，討論是解決問題的好方法。

In my opinion, discussion is a good solution to the problem.93.你應(yīng)該利用課外一切機會學(xué)英語。

You should take advantage of every opportunity to study English out of class.94.她對知識有強烈的渴望，但不知道如何求知。

She has a strong desire for knowledge, but she doesn’t know how to obtain it.95.人們只有生病了才知道健康的價值。

Only when people fall ill can they come to know the value of health.96.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難朋友才是真朋友。

97.This idea sounds good, but will it work in practice? 這個注意聽起來不錯，但實際上行得通嗎？

98.It is estimated that about 80% of the world’s population cannot afford to proper food, housing or medical care.據(jù)估計，世界上大約有80%的人口支付不起合理的飲食、住房和醫(yī)療保健費用。

99.Americans often say that there are only two things a person can be sure of in life: death and taxes.美國人常說，人的一生只有兩件事是可以肯定的：死亡和納稅。

100.We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than ours, can see clearly at night.我們知道，由于貓的眼睛比人的眼睛能吸收更多的光線，所以它在夜里能看得很清楚。

The cat’s eyes can take in many more rays of light than ours.2010

81.長城是中國的歷史文化符號之一。The Great Wall is one of the symbols of Chinese history and culture.82.無論生活多難，我都不會失去信心。No mater how hard/difficult life is, I will never lose my faith/confidence.83.物體離我們越遠(yuǎn)，看起來就越小。

The farther an object/a body is away from us, the smaller it looks.84.政府已經(jīng)采取積極措施防止空氣污染。

The government has already taken active measures/steps to prevent/stop the air pollution.85.建設(shè)和諧校園的關(guān)鍵在于讓每個學(xué)生都能積極參與進來。The key to constructing/building a harmonious campus is to have every student take part in it actively.86.Practice should go hand in hand with theory.實踐應(yīng)該和理論相結(jié)合。

87.Closely related to our daily life are goods prices.商品價格與我們的生活密切相關(guān)。88.One who makes no investigation has no right to speak.沒有調(diào)查就沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。89.Individual freedom does not in any way mean that you can do what you like at your free will.個體自由在任何意義上都不意味著你可以按照自由意志行事。

90.When it came to his amazing achievements, the famous scientist put an emphasis on the importance of creating rather than waiting for opportunities.當(dāng)談及自己驚人的成就時，那位著名的科學(xué)家強調(diào)了創(chuàng)造機會而非等待機會的重要性。

第三篇：2018年河南專升本英語單選練習(xí)題及解析

2018年河南專升本英語單選練習(xí)題及解析

1.Christmas _______ a holiday, most of the shops remain _______.A.is;locked

B.being;locked

C.is;locking D.being;locking 答案： B.Christmas being a holiday 獨立主格。2.—— Is your father still in bed?

—— No, he _______ and _________ for you in the dining room now.A.is already up;waiting

B.has got up;waiting C.got up;waited

D.is already up;waits 答案：A.并列句。He is up and is waiting for you… 3.—— What did Mr.Smith do in the middle of the night?

—— Well, I’m not sure, but he was often heard _______.A.singing the same song

B.to sing the same song C.sing a same song

D.to be playing same song 答案：A.半夜常常聽到他唱歌。He was heard to sing the same song.4.He reminded me of what I should _______ have forgotten.A.otherwise

B.yet

C.therefore

D.still 答案：A.幸虧他的提醒，不然我就忘了。5.—— So you missed the meeting.—— _________.I got there ten minutes before it finished.A.No problem

B.Not really

C.You bet

D.Forget it 答案：B.not really.沒有呀。Not really 表示否定。

6.She was such a person that she would die ______ she would admit she was wrong.A.when

B.until

C.after

D.before 答案：D 他就是這么個人，到死都不認(rèn)錯。before =rather than, sooner than 寧可…也不愿。7.If you _____ wait a moment, I will go and find our manager.A.can

B.should

C.will

D.must 答案：B

should is used to express probability or expectation: 用于表示可能性或期望：They should arrive at noon.她應(yīng)該在中午到達(dá).If I should see him, I'll tell him.萬一我見到他，我就告訴他。8.In the book, Newton is shown as a gifted scientist who stood at the point in history ______ magic ended and science began.A.where

B.when

C.that

D.which 答案：A.where 是關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾the point.由此巫術(shù)結(jié)束，科學(xué)開始。9.—— Who on earth could it be?

—— It was ________ other than Peter.A.none

B.nothing

C.not

D.nobody 答案：A.none other than（表示驚訝）不是別人，不是別的；就是，正是 It's none other than Tom!We thought you were in Africa!是湯姆！我們以為你還在非洲！

10.When it________ education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.A.happens to

B.comes to

C.ends up with

D.is related to 答案：B.when it comes to當(dāng)提到… 說到教育，大部分人認(rèn)為其是一個終生的學(xué)習(xí)。

11.There is a new problem _____in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need to be improved.A．involving;that

B．involved;that

C．involved;where

D．involving;which 答案：B.be involved in ,that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句 12.——The thread of my kite broke and it flew away.——I told you it would easily break _____ was the weakest.A.where

B.the place where

C.for it

D.where it 答案：D.where it was the weakest.由where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句。13.Is it true ______ the rain stops , it will be as hot as in the summer here? A.when

B.that when

C.whenever

D.that 答案：B.that 引導(dǎo)主語從句，其中包含when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句

14.Due to Tom’s joke, the discussion __________and went on in a friendly atmosphere(氣氛)。A.saw an end

B.came to an end

C.came to life

D.cheered up 答案：C.came to life 表示生機勃勃，活躍起來;come to an end 結(jié)束;cheer up 感到振奮 15.In the_______of proof , the police could not take action against the man.A．lack

B．shortage

C．a(chǎn)bsence

D．failure 答案：C.in the absence of 缺少 shortage 缺乏, 無此搭配。“In the developed countries, there's a great shortage of labour / work force.” 發(fā)達(dá)國家勞動力非常缺乏。

第四篇：2016河南專升本教育理論真題

2016年普通高等學(xué)校

專科畢業(yè)生進入本科階段學(xué)習(xí)考試試題

教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)

一、選擇題（教育學(xué)1—20，心理學(xué)21—40。每小題1分，共40分）在每小題的四個備選答案中選出一個正確答案，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。

1．教育區(qū)別于其他事物現(xiàn)象的根本特征是

()A．教育是傳遞生活經(jīng)驗的活動

B．教育是一種有目的地培養(yǎng)人的社會活動 C．教育是傳遞科學(xué)文化知識的活動 D．教育是一種培養(yǎng)人才的活動

2．下述屬于墨家主張的是

()A．有教無類

B．兼愛

C．復(fù)歸人的自然本性

D．化民成俗+其必由學(xué)

3．在我國，科舉制度實行了1300年，停止科舉是在()A．1903

B．1905

C．1906

D．1911

4．教育學(xué)作為一門學(xué)科的建立始于夸美紐斯的研究，他的代表作是

()A．《大教學(xué)論》

B．《愛彌兒》 C．《論演說家的教育》

D．《民本主義與教育》

5．20世紀(jì)60年代以后提出了課程結(jié)構(gòu)理論的教育家是

()A．凱洛夫

B．贊科夫

C．布魯納

D．維果斯基

6．影響受教育者的數(shù)量和教育質(zhì)量的因素是

()A．政治經(jīng)濟制度B．科學(xué)技術(shù)

C．生產(chǎn)力

D．文化

7．“拔苗助長”“陵節(jié)而施”違背了人的身心發(fā)展的()A．階段性

B．順序性

C．不均衡性

D．差異性

8．促進個體發(fā)展從潛在的可能狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)實狀態(tài)的決定性因素是

()A．遺傳素質(zhì)

B．環(huán)境

C．個體主觀能動性

D．教肓

9．根據(jù)各級各類學(xué)校任務(wù)確定的所培養(yǎng)的人的特殊要求，我們習(xí)慣上稱為

()A．教育方針

B．教育目的 C．教學(xué)目標(biāo)

D．培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)

10．教師不得對學(xué)生進行謾罵、體罰、變相體罰和其他侮辱學(xué)生的行為，這是由學(xué)生的()A．人身自由權(quán)決定的 B．隱私權(quán)決定的 C．人格尊嚴(yán)權(quán)決定的 D．榮譽權(quán)決定的

11．教師職業(yè)的特殊要求是必須具有

()A．管理能力

B．控制能力

C．教育能力

D．研究能力 12．學(xué)校教育的基礎(chǔ)是

()A．教師

B．學(xué)生

C．班級

D．課程

13．指導(dǎo)整個課程編制過程的最為關(guān)鍵的準(zhǔn)則是確定

()A．教育目的B．培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)

C．課程目標(biāo)

D．教學(xué)目標(biāo) 14．衡量各科教學(xué)質(zhì)量的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是

()A．教學(xué)計劃

B．教學(xué)大綱

C．教育目的 D．教學(xué)目標(biāo) 15．學(xué)校進行全面發(fā)展教育的基本途徑是

()A．課外活動

B．實踐活動

C．教學(xué)活動

D．班主任工作 16．“學(xué)而時習(xí)之”“溫故而知新”體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)的()A．直觀性原則

B．啟發(fā)性原則

C．循序漸進原則

D．鞏固性原則 17．一個測驗經(jīng)過多次測量所得的結(jié)果的一致性程度，稱為測驗的()A．信度

B．效度

C．區(qū)分度

D．難度

18．小李是一名小學(xué)五年級的學(xué)生，因為他學(xué)習(xí)成績不好影響全班同學(xué)的平均成績。有一次小李跟同年級的另一個班的同學(xué)打架，班主任勸退小李。這行為侵犯了小李的

()A．人身權(quán)

B．財產(chǎn)權(quán)

C．受教育權(quán)

D．人人平等權(quán) 19．在重復(fù)測量的方差分析中，如果各組均值不變，被試間差異增大，那么

()A．F值會變小

B．F值保持不變 C．組間方差會變小

D．誤差方差會變小

20．第三次全教會對基礎(chǔ)教育課程體系建設(shè)的要求是國家課程、地方課程和

()A．活動課程

B．社會課程

C．學(xué)校課程

D．特色課程 21．心理的實質(zhì)是

()A．對事物的間接的概括的認(rèn)識

B．改造客觀世界的意志 C．生理活動

D．客觀現(xiàn)實在人腦中的主觀映像 22．中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)是由______組成的。

()A．腦干、間腦、小腦和大腦

B．小腦和大腦 C．脊髓和大腦

D．小腦和大腦皮層

23．心理過程是人腦能動地反映客觀事物的過程，它包括

()A．認(rèn)知、情感、行為

B．感覺、知覺、行為 C．情感、意志、行為

D．認(rèn)知、情感、意志

24．研究人的心理現(xiàn)象，必須遵循的基本原則是

()A．客觀性原則、發(fā)展性原則和系統(tǒng)性原則 B．理論性原則、實踐性原則和教育性原則 C．直觀性原則、量力性原則和循序漸進性原則 D．分析原則、綜合原則和抽象概括原則

25．下列情況屬于第二信號系統(tǒng)活動的是

()A．觸景生情

B．聞過則喜

C．談虎色變

D．打草驚蛇

26．“入芝蘭之室，久而不聞其香”，這是感覺的()A．對比

B．適應(yīng)

C．相互作用

D．聯(lián)覺

27．“窺一斑而見全豹”所描述的是人的知覺特征的()A．整體性

B．選擇性

C．理解性

D．恒常性

28．記憶過程包括______幾個基本環(huán)節(jié)。

()A．再認(rèn)和回憶

B．保持和遺忘

C．識記、保持和遺忘

D．識記、保持、再認(rèn)或回憶

29．長時記憶的編碼有

()A．語義編碼和形象編碼

B．形象編碼和抽象編碼

C．圖像記憶編碼和語音編碼

D．圖像記憶編碼和聲像記憶編碼

30．思維的智力操作過程的基本形式有

()

A．進行形象思維和抽象思維

B．分析與綜合、抽象與慨括 C．形成概念和進行問題解決

D．進行輻合思維和發(fā)散思維

31．魯迅在小說《祝福》中創(chuàng)造了祥林嫂的藝術(shù)形象，他是把舊中國許多婦女的遭遇集中后創(chuàng)造出來的形象，這種形象的構(gòu)成方式屬于

()A．綜合B．夸張

C．?dāng)M人化

D．典型化

32．某學(xué)生犯了比較嚴(yán)重的錯誤，想去向老師認(rèn)錯，但怕受批評丟驗；又怕被揭發(fā)后受更大的處分，這學(xué)生此時的動機沖突形式屬于

()A．雙趨沖突

B．雙避沖突

C．趨避沖突

D．分析沖突

33．王芳解開一道數(shù)學(xué)題后，感到無比的輕松和愉快，這種情感是

()A．美感

B．激情

C．理智感

D．道德感

34．先有一個目標(biāo)（目的），它與當(dāng)前的狀態(tài)之間存在著差異，人們認(rèn)識到這個差異，就要想出某種辦法采取活動（手段）段，來減小這個差異。這種解決問題的方法或策略是

()

A．爬山法

B．逆向工作法

C．手段—目的分析法

D．嘗試錯誤法 35．美國心理學(xué)家吉爾福特提出的能力結(jié)構(gòu)理論稱為

()A．二因素說

B．智力結(jié)構(gòu)三維模型

C．群因素說

D．能力層次結(jié)構(gòu)理論

36．個性心理傾向性主要包括

()A．感覺、知覺、記憶、想象、思維 B．氣質(zhì)、能力、興趣 C．氣質(zhì)、能力、性格

D．需要、動機、興趣、理想、信念和世界觀 37．情緒和情感變化的維度包括

()

A．動力性、激動度、強度和緊張度

B．積極性、消極性、強和弱的程度 C．興奮性、激動性、外顯和內(nèi)隱度

D．增力性、減力性、飽和度和外顯度 38．一個人善于控制和支配自己的情緒，約束自己言行的意志品質(zhì)是

()A．自覺性

B．果斷性

C．自制性

D．堅韌性

39．態(tài)度特征、意志特征、情緒特征和理智特征是性格的()A．社會道德評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

B．社會屬性的體現(xiàn) C．分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

D．結(jié)構(gòu)的組成部分

40．智商是119，其等級為

()A．優(yōu)秀

B．中上

C．中等

D．中下

教育學(xué)部分

二、填空題（每空1分，共20分）

41．教師的語言包括口頭語言、____________、體態(tài)語言三種。42．初等教育又稱____________。

43．學(xué)校文化由學(xué)校的物質(zhì)文化、精神文化、組織文化和____________構(gòu)成。44．西方，蘇格拉底在教學(xué)中重視啟發(fā)，他善于用問答方式來激發(fā)和引導(dǎo)學(xué)生自己去尋求正確答案，這種蘇格拉底方法被稱為____________。

45．美國教育心理學(xué)家布盧納所著的____________一書，體現(xiàn)了美國60年代進行的一次教學(xué)改革的指導(dǎo)思想。

46．“親其師，信其道”，主要表明了____________的作用。47．教育史上提出“有教無類”口號的教育家是____________。48．新生兒與____________是個體身心發(fā)展的兩個高速發(fā)展期。49．我國義務(wù)教育的性質(zhì)是強制性、免費性、____________。50．教學(xué)過程的中心環(huán)節(jié)是____________。

51．教學(xué)的基本組織形式是____________，輔助形式有個別輔導(dǎo)、現(xiàn)場教學(xué)。52．思想品德教育的最終目的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生良好的____________。

53．在教和學(xué)的協(xié)同活動中，學(xué)生是學(xué)習(xí)的____________，教師在教學(xué)中發(fā)揮著主導(dǎo)作用。

54．1956年美國心理學(xué)家布魯姆制定出了《教育目標(biāo)的分類系統(tǒng)》，他把教育目標(biāo)分為____________、情感目標(biāo)、動作技能目標(biāo)三大類。

55．凡是對受教育者在知識、技能、思想、品德等方面起著教育影響作用的人，都可稱之為____________。

56．____________的經(jīng)典著作四書和五經(jīng)是我國封建社會教育的主要內(nèi)容。57．1920年，美國的H.H.帕克赫斯特在馬薩諸塞州道爾頓中學(xué)創(chuàng)建了一種新的教學(xué)組織形式，人們稱之為道爾頓制。道爾頓制最顯著的特點在于重視學(xué)生自學(xué)和____________，在良好的條件下，有利于調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主動性，培養(yǎng)他們的學(xué)習(xí)能力和創(chuàng)造才能。

58．因材施教原則，是指教師要從學(xué)生的實際隋況、____________出發(fā)，有的放矢地進行有差別的教學(xué)，使每個學(xué)生都能揚長避短，獲得最佳的發(fā)展。

59．教育目的是一切教育工作的出發(fā)點和歸宿，對教育工作具有____________、激勵作用和評價作用。

60．教學(xué)策略的基礎(chǔ)特征是綜合性、____________和靈活性。

三、簡答題（共16分）

61．教育評價有哪些功能?（4分）

62．教育目的對教育工作的指導(dǎo)意義是通過哪些作用實現(xiàn)的？（3分）63．教師的綜合能力素養(yǎng)主要包括哪些內(nèi)容？（4分）

64．教師主導(dǎo)作用與學(xué)生能動性相結(jié)合規(guī)律的基本觀點是什么？（5分）

四、案例分析題（9分）65．閱讀下列材料并回答問題。

年輕的張老師是某名牌大學(xué)的優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生，現(xiàn)任教于一所中學(xué)。工作之初，他刻苦鉆研教育教學(xué)理論，認(rèn)真?zhèn)浜妹恳还?jié)課，全身心地投入到班級管理中。由于他平時對學(xué)生不茍言笑，在班級管理中要求非常嚴(yán)格，學(xué)生對他敬而遠(yuǎn)之。漸漸的，張老師發(fā)現(xiàn)自己與學(xué)生之間有了無形的屏障，課堂變得越來越沉悶，學(xué)生不愿意主動發(fā)言，自己講課越來越缺乏激情，班級管理越來越困難。

在老校長的啟發(fā)幫助下，張老師意識到了問題所在，利用課余時間主動找學(xué)生談心，了解他們的興趣，傾聽他們的心聲，與他們探討人生等，不知不覺中，學(xué)生有心事愿意向他傾訴，主動參與課堂教學(xué)，積極為班級活動出謀劃策，班級面貌煥然一新。

（1）試論良好的師生關(guān)系在教育過程中的意義。（3分）（2）上述材料啟發(fā)教師應(yīng)如何建立良好的師生關(guān)系。（6分）

五、論述題（10分）

66．試述思想品德的基本要素知、情、意、行的辯證關(guān)系及其對德育工作的要求。

心理學(xué)部分

六、填空題（每空1分，共20分）

67．人腦對客觀事物的屬性及其規(guī)律的反映稱之為____________過程。

68．20世紀(jì)60年代以來，美國出現(xiàn)的被稱為心理學(xué)第三勢力的心理學(xué)派別是____________。69．感覺的產(chǎn)生是整個分析器活動的結(jié)果，分析器包括三個組成部分：感受器、傳導(dǎo)神經(jīng)和____________。

70．構(gòu)成神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的基本單位叫____________，它由細(xì)胞體和突起組成。71．由實驗者選擇用來引起被試者心理或行為變化的刺激變量叫____________。72．一個刺激被覺察出有差異所需的變化量與原有刺激量成正比例，這個定律被稱之為____________。

73．在一定范圍內(nèi)，人不隨知覺條件的變化而保持對客觀事物相對穩(wěn)定的映像不變，這是知覺的____________。

74．電影的膠片是一片一片的，但按每秒24片的速度放映，看上去卻沒有間斷感，而是一個連續(xù)的整體，這種現(xiàn)象稱為____________。

75．個體感知過的事物一旦成為記憶的內(nèi)容，是以某種具體的形象保存在腦中的，這種形象稱為____________。

76．根據(jù)識記的材料是否有意義或?qū)W習(xí)者是否了解其意義，我們又可以把識記分為____________和意義識記兩種。

77．按照注意時有無預(yù)定目的、是否需要意志努力可將注意分為三種：有意注意、無意注意和____________。

78．概念獲得的兩種途徑是____________和概念同化。

79．根據(jù)想象內(nèi)容新穎性的不同，有意想象可分為____________和創(chuàng)造想象。80．“優(yōu)柔寡斷”“冒失”與意志的____________品質(zhì)相反。

81．情緒與人的____________相聯(lián)系，情感與人的社會需要相聯(lián)系。

82．用獎勵性手段強化有機體的某種反應(yīng)行為使其出現(xiàn)的頻率增加的條件反射現(xiàn)象稱為____________。

83．把提供的各種信息重新組合，朝著一個方向、尋找出一個正確答案或最佳方案的思維稱為____________。

84．遺傳素質(zhì)是能力發(fā)展的____________。85．個性特征中最為穩(wěn)定的特征是____________。

86．意志行動可分為____________的階段和執(zhí)行決定的階段。

七、簡答題(共18分)87．人的心理現(xiàn)象包括哪些方面？（5分）88．簡要說明短時記憶的特點。（4分）89．注意的心理功能有哪些？（4分）90．能力和知識之間有何關(guān)系。（5分）

八、案例分析題(7分)91．王亮和王峰是雙胞胎，同年入學(xué)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是某高中二年級的學(xué)生了，他們兩兄弟個子一樣高，相貌也極其相似，但是他倆的性情卻大不相同。王亮易激動，性情豪爽，辦事果斷，敢作敢為，行動迅速，喜歡參加各種爭斗性活動，當(dāng)受到挫折時恕發(fā)沖冠，愛打抱不平而不考慮后果。王峰則性情溫和、安靜、穩(wěn)定、辦事優(yōu)柔寡斷，行動遲緩，即使在經(jīng)受挫折時仍心平氣和，不動神色，而兩人的成績卻不相上下，齊頭井進。

這一實例說明了什么？試以氣質(zhì)類型學(xué)說加以分析。

九、論述題（10分）

92．什么是創(chuàng)造性思維？結(jié)合實例說明教師應(yīng)該怎樣培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性思維？

參考答案及精析

教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)

一、選擇題

1．【精析】B 教育是一種有目的地培養(yǎng)人的社會活動，這教育區(qū)別于其他事物現(xiàn)象的根本將征，是教育的本質(zhì)屬性，也是教育質(zhì)的規(guī)定性。

2．【精析】B “兼愛”屬于墨家的主張；“有教無類”是孔子的思想；“復(fù)歸人的自然本性”屬于道家的思想；“化民成俗，其必由學(xué)”屬于《學(xué)記》中的教育思想。

3．【精析】C

1905年，洋務(wù)大臣張之洞，奏請停止科舉考試，普遍興辦學(xué)校。清政府迫于形勢，擬定《奏定學(xué)堂章程》，建立起新式教育體制，下詔次年起（即1906年），所有的歲科考試、鄉(xiāng)試，會試一律述止，正式廢除科舉制度。

4．【精析】A 夸美紐斯的代表作是《大教學(xué)論》；《愛彌兒》是盧梭的代表作；《論演說家的教育》是昆體良的代表作；《民本主義與教育》是杜威的著作。

5．【精析】C

20世紀(jì)60年代初，布魯納發(fā)起課程改革運動，提出了課程結(jié)構(gòu)理論。

6．【精析】B 科學(xué)技術(shù)能夠影響受教育者的數(shù)量和教育質(zhì)量。科學(xué)的發(fā)展不但揭示了受教育者的身心發(fā)展規(guī)律，使教育教學(xué)活動更加符合這些規(guī)律，而且科學(xué)的發(fā)展及其在教育上的廣泛應(yīng)用，使教育對象得以擴大。

7．【精析】B 個體身心發(fā)展的順序性要求教育工作要循序漸進地促進人的發(fā)展，不能拔苗助長，不能陵節(jié)而施。

8．【精析】C 個體的主觀能動性是人的身心發(fā)展的內(nèi)在動力，也是促進個體發(fā)展從潛在的可能狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)向現(xiàn)實狀態(tài)的決定性因素。

9．[精析】D 根據(jù)各級各類學(xué)校的任務(wù)確定的對所培養(yǎng)人的特殊要求，稱為培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)。

10．【精析】C 《中華人民共和國義務(wù)教育法》第二十九條規(guī)定，教師應(yīng)當(dāng)尊重學(xué)生的人格，不得歧視學(xué)生，不得對學(xué)生實施體罰、變相體罰或者其他侮辱人格尊嚴(yán)的行為，不得侵犯學(xué)斗合法權(quán)益。因此，教師不得有對學(xué)生謾罵、體罰、變相體罰和其他侮辱學(xué)生的行為，這是由學(xué)生的人格尊嚴(yán)權(quán)決定的。11．【精析】C 教師是學(xué)校教育工作的主要實施者，根本任務(wù)是教書育人。因此，教師職業(yè)的特殊要求是必須具有教育能力，才能承擔(dān)相應(yīng)的教育教學(xué)任務(wù)。

12．【精析】D 課程是指學(xué)校學(xué)生所應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)科總和及其進程與安排。廣義的課程是指學(xué)校為實現(xiàn)培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)而選擇的教育內(nèi)容及其進程的總和，涉及教學(xué)過程中教師教什么和學(xué)生學(xué)什么。因此，課程是學(xué)校教育的基礎(chǔ)，也是核心。

13．【精析】C 課程目標(biāo)是根據(jù)教育宗旨和教育規(guī)律而提出的具體價值和任務(wù)指標(biāo)，是課程本身要實現(xiàn)的具體目標(biāo)和意圖。它是確定課程內(nèi)容、教學(xué)目標(biāo)和教學(xué)方法的基礎(chǔ)，是整個課程編制過程中最為關(guān)鍵的準(zhǔn)則。

14．【精析】B 課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（即教學(xué)大綱）是課程計劃中每門學(xué)科以綱要的形式編寫的、有關(guān)學(xué)科教學(xué)內(nèi)容的指導(dǎo)性文件，是課程計劃的分學(xué)科展開。它規(guī)定了學(xué)科的教學(xué)目標(biāo)、任務(wù)，知識的范圍、深度和結(jié)構(gòu)，教學(xué)進度以及有關(guān)教學(xué)方法的基本要求，是編寫教科書和教師進行教學(xué)的直接依據(jù)，也是衡量各科教學(xué)質(zhì)量的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

15．【精析】C 教學(xué)是學(xué)校的中心工作，學(xué)校工作必須堅持“教學(xué)為主、全面安排”的原則。教學(xué)是學(xué)校進行全面發(fā)展教育的基本途徑，但不是唯一途徑，學(xué)校還通過課外活動、生產(chǎn)勞動、社會活動等對學(xué)生進行教育。

16．【精析】D “學(xué)而時習(xí)之”“溫故而知新”體現(xiàn)了教學(xué)的鞏固性原則。鞏固性原則是指教師在教學(xué)中要引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在理解的基礎(chǔ)上牢固地掌握知識和技能，長久地保持在記憶中，能根據(jù)需要迅速再現(xiàn)出來，以利于知識技能的運用。

17．【精析】A

測驗的信度，又稱測驗的可靠度，是指一個測驗經(jīng)過多次測量所得結(jié)果的一致性程度。

18．【精析】C 班主任勸退小李的行為侵犯了小李的受教育權(quán)。19．【精析】D 略。

20．【精析】C 第三次全教會對基礎(chǔ)教育課程體系建設(shè)的要求是建設(shè)國家課程、地方課程、學(xué)校課程的三級課程管理體系。

21．【精析】D 心理的實質(zhì)體現(xiàn)在：①心理是腦的機能。②心理是對客觀現(xiàn)實的反映。a．客觀現(xiàn)實決定人的心理。b．心理是人腦對客觀現(xiàn)實的主觀映像。

22．【精析】C 中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)包括脊髓和腦。腦又分為腦干、間腦、小腦、大腦兩半球等部分。

23．【精析】D 心理過程是指心理活動發(fā)生、發(fā)展的過程，也就是人腦對客觀現(xiàn)實的反映過程它包括認(rèn)識過程、情緒情感過程、意志過程三個方面。

24．【精析】A 心理學(xué)的研究原則包括：①客觀性原則（實事求是原則）。②發(fā)展性原則。③系統(tǒng)性原則。④教育性原則。

25．【精析】C 條件刺激在本質(zhì)上可以區(qū)分為兩大類：一類是現(xiàn)實的具體的物理性刺激，稱為第一信號系統(tǒng)的刺激：另一類是抽象刺激，即語言符號，稱為第二信號系統(tǒng)的刺激。在生括中，望梅生津、杯弓蛇影屬于第一信號系統(tǒng)的活動。談虎色變、談梅生津?qū)儆诘诙盘栂到y(tǒng)的條件作用。

26．【精析】B 由于刺激對感受器的持續(xù)作用而使感受性發(fā)生變化的現(xiàn)象，叫感覺適應(yīng)。“入芝蘭之室，久而不聞其香”是嗅覺的適應(yīng)。

27．【精析】C 在知覺過程中，我們總是根據(jù)已有的知識經(jīng)驗來解釋當(dāng)前知覺的對象，并用語言來描述它，使它具有一定的意義，這就是知覺的理解性。在對知覺對象理解的過程中，經(jīng)驗是最重要的。“窺一斑而見全豹”，比喻看到的只是一部分或比喻可以從觀察的部分推測到全貌，體現(xiàn)知覺的理解性。

28．【精析】D 記憶過程包括識記、保持、再認(rèn)或回憶三個環(huán)節(jié)。

29．【精析】A 長時記憶中的信息編碼方式以意義編碼為主。意義編碼有語義編碼和形象編碼兩種形式，它們又被稱為信息的雙重編碼。

30．【精析】B 分析與綜合、抽象與概括是思維的智力操作過程的基本形式。31．【精析】D 典型化是指根據(jù)一類事物共同的、典型的特征創(chuàng)造新形象的過程。如魯迅筆下阿Q的形象、祥林嫂的形象等都是典型化的人物角色。

32．【精析】C 趨避沖突又稱正負(fù)沖突，是心理沖突的一種，指同一目標(biāo)對于個體同時具有趨近和逃避的心態(tài)。這一目標(biāo)可以滿足人的某些需求，但同時又會構(gòu)成某些威脅，既有吸引力又有排斥力，使人陷入進退兩難的心理困境。題干中的學(xué)生既想向老師認(rèn)錯，又怕受批評丟臉、處分，是趨避沖突的體現(xiàn)。

33．【精析】C 理智感是在智力活動中，認(rèn)識和評價事物時所產(chǎn)生的情感體驗。王芳在解開數(shù)學(xué)題后產(chǎn)生的輕松和喻快正是理智感的體現(xiàn)。

34．【精析】A 爬山法是采用一定的方法逐步降低初始狀態(tài)和目標(biāo)狀態(tài)的距離，以達(dá)到問題解決的一種方法。而手段—目的分析法，首先要發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)前所處狀態(tài)與想要達(dá)到狀態(tài)之間的差異，然后把一個問題分解為若干個子問題，設(shè)立各種子目標(biāo)，通過實現(xiàn)一系列種子目標(biāo)最終達(dá)到總目標(biāo)，即解決問題。

35．【精析】B 美國心理學(xué)家吉爾福特提出了智力三維結(jié)構(gòu)論。他認(rèn)為，智力是一個由不同方式對不同信息進行加工的各種能力的綜合系統(tǒng)，是一個包括內(nèi)容、操作和成果的三維結(jié)構(gòu)。

36．【精析】D 個性傾向性是人的個性心理的動力系統(tǒng)，是個性結(jié)構(gòu)中最活躍的因素。個性傾向性是人從事活動的基本動力，主要包括需要、動機、興趣愛好、理想、信念、世界觀等。

37．【精析】A 情緒情感變化的維度：①情緒情感的動力性有增力和減力的兩極。②激動度有激動和平靜的兩基。③強度有強和弱的兩極。④緊張度有緊張和輕松的兩極。

38．【精析】C 意志的自制力是指能夠完全自覺、靈活地控制自己的情緒，約束自己的言行的意志品質(zhì)。

39．【精析】D 對性格結(jié)構(gòu)的分析，一般著眼于性格的態(tài)度特征、性格的意志特征、性格的情緒特征、性格的理智特征四個方面。40．【精析】B 智力在130以上屬于極超常；120—129超常；110～119中上，90～109屬中等，80～89中下；70～79邊緣；69 以下智力缺陷。

教育學(xué)部分

二、填空題

41．書面語言

42．基礎(chǔ)教育

43．制度文化

44．問答法 45．《教育過程》

46．良好的師生關(guān)系

47．孔子

48．青春期 49．普及性

50．領(lǐng)會知識

51．班級授課制

52．道德行為 53．主體

54．認(rèn)知目標(biāo)

55．教育者

56．儒家 57．獨立作業(yè)

58．個別差異

59．導(dǎo)向作用

60．可操作性

三、簡答題

61．【參考答案】（1）導(dǎo)向與激勵功能。（2）鑒定功能。（3）改進提高功能。（4）管理功能。（5）研究功能。

62．【參考答案】(l)導(dǎo)向作用。(2)激勵作用。(3)調(diào)控作用。(4)評價作用。63．【參考答案】(1)語言表達(dá)能力。(2)教育教學(xué)能力。(3)組織管理能力(4)自我調(diào)控和自我反思能力。

64．【參考答案】(1)教師在教學(xué)中起主導(dǎo)作用。(2)學(xué)生是教學(xué)活動的主體。(3)教師主導(dǎo)作用與學(xué)生主體作用之間是辯證統(tǒng)一的關(guān)系。(4)要防止“教師中心論”和“學(xué)生中心論”兩種傾向

四、案例分析題

65．【參考答案】（1）①良好的師生關(guān)系有利于調(diào)動教師教學(xué)的積極性。②良好的師生關(guān)系有利于調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性。③良好的師生關(guān)系有利于教學(xué)“雙邊”活動的開展和教學(xué)效果的提高。④良好的師生關(guān)系是學(xué)生身心得以健康發(fā)展的重要保證。

（2）材料中，剛開始，雖然張老師認(rèn)真?zhèn)湔n，全身心投入班級管理，但是卻沒有取得很好的效果，后來在老校長的啟發(fā)幫助下，認(rèn)真了解學(xué)生等等，使班級面貌煥然一新，因此建立良好師生關(guān)系的策略有：①教師方面。教師是教育過程的組織者，在全部教育活動中起主導(dǎo)作用。從根本上說，良好的師生關(guān)系首先取決于教師。為此教師要了解和研究學(xué)生，樹立正確的學(xué)生觀，尊重、理解、熱愛學(xué)生；提高法制意識，保護學(xué)生的合法權(quán)利；提高教師自身的道德素養(yǎng)、知識素養(yǎng)和能力素養(yǎng)；發(fā)揚教育民主，正確處理師生矛盾。②學(xué)生方面。正確認(rèn)識自己；正確認(rèn)識老師，學(xué)生應(yīng)該摒棄對老師的固有成見，要學(xué)會客觀地認(rèn)識和理解老師的付出，積極主動地和老師溝通。③環(huán)境方面。加強校園文化建設(shè)，加強學(xué)風(fēng)教育。

五、論述題

66．【參考答案】(1)德育過程是對學(xué)生知、情、意、行的培養(yǎng)提高過程。知、情、意、行是構(gòu)成思想品德的四個基本要素，它們之可的辯證關(guān)系如下：①知即道德認(rèn)識，是人們對是非善惡的認(rèn)識和評價，以及在此基礎(chǔ)上形成的道德觀念，包括道德知識和道德判斷兩個方面。道德認(rèn)識是學(xué)生道德形成的基礎(chǔ)。②情即道德情感，是人們對客觀事物做出是非、善惡判斷時引起的內(nèi)心體驗，表現(xiàn)為人們對客觀事物的愛憎、好惡的態(tài)度。道德情感是學(xué)生產(chǎn)生道德行為的內(nèi)部動力，是實現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化的催化劑。③意即道德意志，是人們?yōu)閷崿F(xiàn)一定的道德行為目的所做出的努力的過程。道德意志是調(diào)節(jié)道德行為的精神力量。④行即道德行為，它是通過實踐或練習(xí)形成的，是實現(xiàn)道德認(rèn)識、情感以及由道德需要產(chǎn)生的道德動機的行為定向及外部表現(xiàn)。道德行為是衡最道德水平的重要標(biāo)志。

(2)德育過程的一般順序可以概括為提高道德認(rèn)識、陶冶道德情感、鍛煉道德意志和培養(yǎng)道德行為習(xí)慣。知、情、意、行四個基本要素是相互作用的，其中，“知”是基礎(chǔ)，“行”是關(guān)鍵；在德育具體實施過程中，具有多種開端，即不一定遵守知、情、意、行的一般德育培養(yǎng)順序，而可根據(jù)學(xué)生品德發(fā)展的具體情況，或從導(dǎo)之以行開始，或從動之以情開始，或從鍛煉品德意志開始，最后達(dá)到使學(xué)生品德在知、情、意、行等方面的和諧發(fā)展。

心理學(xué)部分

六、填空題

67．認(rèn)識

68．人本主義

69．效應(yīng)器

70．神經(jīng)元（神經(jīng)細(xì)胞）71．自變量

72．韋伯定律

73．恒常性

74．動景運動 75．表象

76．機械識記

77．有意后注意（隨意后注意）78．概念形成 79．再造想象

80．果斷性

81．生理需要 82．操作條件反射

83．聚合思維（求同思維、輻合思維）84．生物前提

85．氣質(zhì)

86．采取決定階段

七、簡答題

87．【參考答案】(1)心理學(xué)把統(tǒng)一的人的心理現(xiàn)象分為既有聯(lián)系又有區(qū)別的兩個部分：心理過程和個性心理。

(2)心理過程包括認(rèn)識過程、情緒情感過程、意志過程三個方面。(3)個性心理包括個性傾向性和個性心理特征兩個方面。

88．【參考答案】(1)時間很短。(2)容量有限。(3)意識清晰。(4)操作性強。(5)易受干擾。

89．【參考答案】(1)選擇功能。(2)保持功能。(3)調(diào)節(jié)和監(jiān)督功能。

90．【參考答案】(1)聯(lián)系：①能力是在掌握知識的過程中形成和發(fā)展起來的。②知識的掌握又是以一定的能力為前提條件的。

(2)區(qū)別：①能力與知識屬于不同現(xiàn)象和范疇。②能力與知識的發(fā)展程度不同。③能力與知識的發(fā)展速度不同。

八、案例分析題 91．【參考答案】(1)氣質(zhì)是人的天性，無好壞之分。它只給人們的言行涂上某種色彩，但不能決定人的社會價值，也不直接具有社會道德評價意義。氣質(zhì)不能決定個人的成就，任何氣質(zhì)類型的人只要努力都可以獲得成功。

(2)根據(jù)案例可以判斷王亮屬于膽汁質(zhì)氣質(zhì)類型，王峰屬于黏液質(zhì)氣質(zhì)類型。①膽汁質(zhì)氣質(zhì)類型的人，在情緒方面，無論是高興還是憂愁，體驗都非常強烈，也進行得非常迅速，而在情緒爆發(fā)之后，很快又平靜下來。智力活動縣有極大的靈括性，但理解問題有粗枝大葉、不求甚解的傾向。在行動上生機勃勃，頑強有力。概括地說膽汁質(zhì)以精力旺盛、表里如

一、剛強、易感情用事為特征，整個心理活動籠罩著迅速而突發(fā)的色彩。對膽汁質(zhì)的學(xué)生，教師應(yīng)采取直截了當(dāng)?shù)姆绞剑沁@些學(xué)生不宜輕易激怒，對其批評要有說服力，培養(yǎng)其自制力，堅持到底的精神和豪放、勇于進取的個性品質(zhì)。

②黏液質(zhì)氣質(zhì)類型的人，情緒興奮性比較微弱，心情比較平穩(wěn)，變化緩慢，他們經(jīng)常心平氣和，很難出現(xiàn)波動的情緒狀態(tài)，不容易發(fā)出強烈的不安和激情。他們喜沉思，在進行任何工作之前都作細(xì)致的考慮。能夠執(zhí)行已做出的決定，不慌不忙地去完成工作。往往對已習(xí)慣的工作表現(xiàn)出極大熱情，而不容易習(xí)慣于新工作。概括地說，黏液質(zhì)是以穩(wěn)重、但靈活性不足，踏實但有些死扳，沉著冷靜、但缺乏生氣為特征的。對黏液質(zhì)的學(xué)生，教師要采取耐心教育的方式，讓他們有考慮和反應(yīng)的足夠時間，培養(yǎng)其生氣勃勃的精神，熱情開朗的個性和以誠待人、工作踏實頑強的優(yōu)點。

九、論述題

92．【參考答案】(1)創(chuàng)造性思維是產(chǎn)生具有社會價值的、新穎而獨特的思維成果的過程。它是人類思維的高級形態(tài)，是智力的高級表現(xiàn)。其中發(fā)散性思維是創(chuàng)造性思維的核心。創(chuàng)造性思維的特征有：①流暢性。②靈活性。③獨創(chuàng)性。

(2)創(chuàng)造性思維的培養(yǎng)：

①運用啟發(fā)式教學(xué)，激發(fā)學(xué)生的求知欲，培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)造性動機，調(diào)動學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性和主動性。

②培養(yǎng)學(xué)生發(fā)散性思維和集中性思維相結(jié)合。③發(fā)展學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性想象能力。

④組織創(chuàng)造性活動，正確評價學(xué)生的創(chuàng)造性。

⑤開設(shè)具體創(chuàng)造性課程，教授學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性思維策略和創(chuàng)造技法。⑥結(jié)合各學(xué)科特點進行創(chuàng)造性思維訓(xùn)練。

第五篇：專升本考試英語真題

升本英語練習(xí)機密☆啟用前

2005年福建省高職高專升本科入學(xué)考試 《基礎(chǔ)英語》試題

（考試時間120分鐘，滿分150分）答題說明：（1）選擇題部分的答案請寫在答題卡上相應(yīng)字母的中間劃橫線。（2）主觀題的答案寫在主觀答題紙上相應(yīng)的位置 注意：答案寫在試卷上一律不給分。

Vocabulary and Structure（40point ,1for each）It is easy to ______one state of matter from another.A)differ

B)vary

C)distinguish

D)change Not once _________ his view of life.A)did the gentleman mention

B)has mentioned the gentleman C)the gentleman mention

D)the gentleman mentioned We discuss the matter _______ tea and cakes.A)over

B)with

C)by

D)at It wasn’t such a good dinner ______ she had promised us.A)that

B)which

C)as

D)what It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.A)must be sent

B)would be sent

C)be sent

D)were went The reason _______ I went to take that class is ______ the professor is supposed to be very good.A)why, for

B)why, so

C)why, that

D)that, because ________ this awareness, attitudes towards dream are changing.A)As a matter of fact

B)In effect

C)Instead of

D)As a result of The machine can’t be made perfect overnight;in fact, it should be improved ________.A)one after another

B)right away

C)by turn

D)step by step The print is still wet.______!A)Be not sure to touch it

B)Be sure not to touch it C)Be sure to not touch it

D)Don’t be sure to touch it

It was until she arrived in class ________ she realized she had forgotten her book.A)what

B)when

C)why

D)that

This is a nice car, but we cannot _______it.A)provide

B)supply

C)afford

D)manage This is the dictionary _______ I depend a lot whenever I have problems with new words.A)with which

B)in which

C)on which

D)for which Where did you get your watch ________? A)repair

B)to repair

C)repaired

D)repairing His carelessness _____ her failure in the exams.A)resulted from

B)resulted

C)resulted in

D)resulted to

Please wait for the next boat.There is no ______ for you on this one.A)place

B)room

C)seat

D)corner The days ______ you could travel without a passport are a thing of the past.A)whenever

B)wherever

C)on which

D)in which We still know little about outer _______ though we have made much effort in research.A)heaven

B)universe

C)space

D)sky But for sunlight, there _____ no moonlight.A)will be

B)would be C)had been

D)has

We made several plans for our holiday, but we went to London _________ the end.A)at

B)on

C)by

D)in Revolution means _____ the productive forces.A)to liberate

B)liberated

C)liberate

D)liberating Many people plan to put ______ RMB 5,000 every year to finance their children’s future education.A)down

B)aside

C)up

D)on I ran _____ Alice, who was on her way to see me.A)up

B)out of

C)into

D)over ____ seeing the damage he had done, he felt ashamed.A)On

B)By

C)At

D)For In fact he had done ______ he could do to help the poor.A)what

B)which

C)as

D)all which We must be off _______.It id eight already.A)by accident

B)on average

C)by chance

D)right away

I’m very sorry ______ the whole morning.I forgot the appointment.A)to keep you wait

B)to have kept you waiting C)to keep you wait

D)to keep you wait

These young men walk out of the office building, each _____ a file under his arm.A)carries

B)carrying C)carried

D)having carried A computer can store ______ information because it has a very large memory.A)a great many

B)a vast amount of C)a large number of

D)a number of

Lao Wang is a selfless man, so under no circumstances ______ anything that will benefit himself and hard the interests of others.A)does he do

B)did he do C)he does do

D)he does No one doubts ______ he is the best leader in the company.A）whether

B)what C)if

D)that _______ nobody was willing to vote for her, she decided to drop out of the election.A)Seen that

B)So that

C)Seeing that

D)When that The audience, _______, enjoyed the performance.A)most of them were students

B)they were mostly students C)most of whom were students

D)they themselves were students It’s no good _________him.He is always indifferent to others.A)to turn to

B)turning to C)turn to

D)turned to

A woman and three children are said _______ in the traffic accident.A)to be injured

B)to have been injured C)having been injured

D)being injured In the experiment we kept a watchful eye _____ the developments and recorded every detail.A)in

B)at C)for

D)on

Do you think Tommy is ______ the truth? A)saying

B)speaking C)telling

D)During the time when ______ she was living in New York that she met her husband Terry.A)Just when

B)Soon after C)It was while

D)During the time when The child will be taught that hard work is necessary to ________ success.A)bring up

B)bring with C)bring forward

D)bring about I’d like to take _____ of this opportunity to thank you for your cooperation.A)advantage

B)occasion C)benefit

D)profit Most American don’t object _____ them by their first names.A)that I call

B)for calling C)to my calling

D)that I am call Cloze(30points, 1.5 for each)

When we want to _41___ other people what we think, we can do it not only with the help of words, but also in many 42 ways.For example, we sometimes move our heads 43 when we want to say “yes”, and we move our heads 44 when we want to say “no”.People, who can ___45__ hear nor speak, talk to each other with the help of their fingers.People who do not understand each other’s language have to do the same.The following story shows 46 they sometimes do it.47 English man who could not speak Italian was 48 traveling in Italy.One day he entered a restaurant and sat 49 a table.When the waiter came, the Englishman opened his mouth, __50___ his fingers into it, 51 them out again and moved his lips.In this way he meant to say, “ 52 me something to eat.” The waiter soon brought him 53 tea.The Englishman 54 his head and the waiter understood that he didn’t want tea, so he took it 55 and brought him 56 coffee.The Englishman was angry.He was just going to leave the restaurant 57another traveler came in.When this man saw the waiter, he 58 his hands on his stomach.That was enough.In 59 minutes there was a large plate of bread and meat 60 his table.41.A)say

B)speak

C)tell

D)talk 42.A)anything

B)another

C)other

D)other 43.A)now and then

B)over and over

C)up and down

D)here and there 44.A)from mouth to mouth

B)from door to door

C)from the masses to the masses

D)from side to side 45.A)not only…but also

B)as well as

C)either

D)neither 46.A)how

B)why

C)what

D)which 47.A)The

B)An

C)A

D)Any 48.A)ever

B)never

C)on

D)once 50.A)laid

B)played

C)put

D)stayed 51.A)took

B)put

C)brought

D)carried 52.A)Bring

B)Took

C)Fetched

D)Carried 53.A)a piece of

B)a packet of

C)a cup of

D)a box of 54.A)shook

B)nodded

C)bent

D)showed 55.A)back

B)away

C)out

D)along 56.A)any

B)some

C)little

D)few 57.A)when

B)where

C)why

D)how 58.A)stood

B)sat

C)made

D)placed 59.A)a few

B)few

C)little

D)a little 60.A)at

B)over

C)under

D)on Reading Comprehension(45 point, 3 for each)One Today anyone will accept money in exchange for goods and services.People use money to buy food, furniture, books, bicycles and hundreds of what they need or want.When they work, they usually get paid in money.Most of the money today is made of metal or paper.But people used to use all kinds of things as money.One of the first kinds of money was shells.Shells were not the only things used as money.In parts of Africa, cattle were one of the earliest kinds of money.Other animals were used as money, too.The first metal coins were made in China.They were round and had a square hole in the center.People strung（系）them together and carried them from place to place.Different countries have used different metals and designs for their money.The first coins in England were made of tin.Sweden and Russia used copper to make their money.Later, other countries began to make coin of gold and silver.But even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive.Again the Chinese thought of a way to improve money.They began to use paper money.The first paper money looked more like a note from one person to another than paper money used today.Money has had an interesting history from the days of shell money until today.61.Which of the following can be cited as an example of the use of money in exchange for services? A)To sell a bicycle for ＄20 B)To get some money for old books C)To buy things you need or want D)To get paid for your work 62.Where were shells used as money in history? A)In the Philippines.B)In China C)In Africa

D)It is not mentioned 63.Why, according to the passage, did ancient Chinese coins have a square hole in the center? A)Because it would be easier to put them together and carry them around.B)Because it would be lighter for people to carry them from place to place.C)Because people wanted to make it look nicer.D)Because people wanted to save the expensive metal they were made from.64.Why does the author say that even gold and silver were inconvenient if you had to buy something expensive? A)Because they are easy to steal.B)Because they are difficult for people to obtain.C)Because they are not easy to carry around.D)Because they themselves are expensive, too.65.Which one do you choose as the best title for this passage? A)Money and Its Uses B)Different Things Used as Money C)Different Countries, Different Money D)The History of Money Two Research has shown that motivation（動機）is very important in learning a language;you need to be enthusiastic about it, and to be interested in it.Different people will have different motives – the desire for promotion, the hope of being able to study abroad, curiosity about a very different culture, and pure intellectual enjoyment is only one of possible motives.But actually wanting to learn is the most important motive of all.Courage is an essential attribute（屬性）in learning a language.It takes a lot of courage to speak a foreign language either in front of your friends or to native speakers, but don’t be afraid of making mistakes---that is the way we learn.Nowadays there are many different forms of English, each with its own constructions and accent, and, so long as you can make yourself understood and can understand what is said to you, you have succeeded in communicating, which is the purpose of any language.Curiosity is not only a possible motivation.It is also a great help in your learning.Remember that a language is not just a grammatical system, it is the outcome of a certain culture.It is not very helpful just to learn lots of words and lists of grammatical rules unless you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas which are being conveyed（表達(dá)），the references which are being made, and the inferences which can be drawn from the information explicitly（明白地）given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which influence English—watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain newspaper and magazines which are written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and above all, read---not textbooks, but novels and poems and plays.They will show you how language is really used.The English language is not an abstract(抽象的)system;it is a living form of expression which derives much of its meaning from the context in which it is used, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra – linguistic（語言學(xué)之外的）knowledge.If you live in a country where English is the native language, you acquire this knowledge naturally, just as in China you acquired your own cultural knowledge unconsciously.But, because you are unlikely to be able to visit countries where English is spoken as the native language, you have to make a conscious effort to acquire this cultural awareness and knowledge.66.With what topic is this passage primarily concerned? A)Curiosity in Learning a Language

B)Courage in Learning a Language C)Motivation in Learning a Language

D)Qualities in Learning a Language 67.The author of this passage possibly is a ______.A)beginner of English Learning

B)foreign teacher of English C)Chinese teacher of English

D)Chinese student studying abroad 68.What does the author suggest in this passage? A)You should not learn grammar.B)You should ignore the rules of pronunciation.C)You should learn a language by making mistakes.D)You should learn a language at school 69.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A)You should be prepared to make mistakes in communication B)Words are the basis of English learning C)Good pronunciation is important to an English learner.D)Wanting to know everything does not help you learning a language.70.According to the author, what’s the best way of learning English? A)To study hard

B)To study abroad C)To learning about cultures

D)To make mistakes Three Amongst the most popular books being written today are those which are usually classified as science fiction（科幻小說）.Hundreds of titles are published every year and are read by all kind of people.Furthermore, some of the most successful films of recent years have been based on science fiction stories.It is often thought that science fiction is a fairly new development in literature, but its ancestors（原型）can be found in books written hundreds of years ago.These books are often concerned with the presentation of some forms of ideal society, a theme which is still often found in modern stories.Most of classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last one hundred years.Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G.Wells, to mention just two well – known authors, have been translated into many languages.Modern science fiction writers don’t writes about men from Mars or space adventure stories.They are more interested in predicting the results of technical developments on society and the human mind;or in imagining future worlds which are a reflection（反映）of the world which we live in now.Because of this their writing has obvious political undertones（含意）.In an age where science fact frequently overtakes（超越）science fiction, the writers may find it difficult to keep ahead of scientific advances.Those who are sufficiently clear – sighted to see the way we are going, however, may provide a valuable lesson on how to deal with the problems which society will inevitably face as it tries to come to terms with a continually changing view of the world.71.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A)Science fiction is fairly new in literature.B)Science fiction is rather popular with people today.C)Science fiction often deals with some form of ideal society.D)Hundreds of books classified as science fiction are printed every year.72.Earliest science fiction was written _____.A)one hundred years ago B)by Jules Verne and H.G.Wells C)to tell people how to imagine future worlds D)hundreds of years ago 73.Modern science fiction writers are interested in_______.A)adventures in space B)some form of ideal world C)future worlds which have nothing in common with our present society D)predicting developments in technology and their effects on society 74.In our present world, _____________________.A)science develops as fast as it is predicted by science fiction writers B)science develops faster than writers can imagine

C)science fiction writers can always foresee what wonders science can do D)Only science fiction writers can see the way science is going 75.Which of the following is NOT the conclusion that we draw from this passage? A)Sensible science fiction writers may tell us what to do in future.B)We are bound to have problems as we try to make progress in science.C)No one knows anything about what to do with the problems we are to face.D)Our view of the world are subject to change.Short Answer(10 points, 2 for each)Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr.Kleitman has a new explanation.He has proved that everyone has daily energy cycle.During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”.That’s true.The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.For some people the peak comes during the morning.For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues（獨白）as: ”Get up, John!You will be late for work again!” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature－and－energy peak in the evening.Much family quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better.Habit can help, Dr.Kleitmen believes.Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract（對抗）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your hour.This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up and work better at your low point.Get off to a slow start which saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn（呵欠）and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor.Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and takes requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.76.What is Dr.Kleitman’s new explanation?

It is that everyone has _________________________________________________________.77.When is the time your cycle of body temperature is at its peak?

It is ________________________________________________________________________.78.If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should ______________________________________________________________________________.79.You are advised to rise with ________________ because it will help to keep your energy for the day’s work.80.According to the passage, does the peak come to people at the same time? ______________________________________________________________________________.Writing(25 points)（根據(jù)以下三點提示，寫一篇不少于100個英文單詞的短文）In Face of Soaring Book Prices 如今書價越來越高

我們應(yīng)付昂貴書價的一些方法 希望書價越來越便宜 2005 年專升本英語答案

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11—20 CCCCB

DCBDD 21—30 BCAAD

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51--60AACAB BADAD 61—70 CDACD DBCAC

71—75 ADDBC

76.daily energy circle.77.when you feel most energetic.78.get up earlier than usual.79.a yawn and stretch.80.No, it doesn’t

In Face of Soaring Book Price（05年作文）

Just as man cannot live without food, so students cannot acquire knowledge without books.Unfortunately, book prices are so high nowadays that many students can hardly afford to buy them.In face of soaring book price, we have come up with some “tricks” to deal with this unfavorable situation.First, making full use of library resources is the most common “trick”.Our library has a large collection of books on various subjects and from different countries.We find it very beneficial to do so.The second “trick” is that we exchange our own books.As a saying puts it, “Buying books is not so good as borrowing them”.We tend to spend more time reading books borrowed from other students than our own books.Third, we buy books through co-payment.Since each student pays only a part of the cost, books do not seem to unaffordable.This is a self-deceiving “trick”, of course.Though we have thought of some “tricks” to cope with soaring prices, we sincerely hope that book prices will go down sharply so that every student will find books really affordable