第一篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四冊(cè)test1passage two翻譯參考

Do animals have rights? Do trees? Do humans have an obligation to behave ethically(合乎道德地)to rivers? To rocks? Viruses? The entire planet?

動(dòng)物有自己的權(quán)利嗎？樹有自己的權(quán)利嗎？ 人類有責(zé)任義務(wù)尊重江河，巖石，病毒，以及整個(gè)地球萬(wàn)物嗎？

As this century draws to a close, these are not merely questions for abstract philosophical debate but, as Roderick Frazier Nash points out in The Rights of Nature, issues of intense interest to theologians(神學(xué)家), lawyers, legislators and even scientists.Radical environmentalists are already demanding that legal and ethical protection be extended to all of nature, and a few of them have demonstrated a willingness to fight, break the law and even die in support of this belief.隨著這個(gè)世紀(jì)即將結(jié)束，這不只是抽象的哲學(xué)辯論的問題，而是如納什在“大自然權(quán)利”中指出的神學(xué)家、律師、立法者，甚至科學(xué)家都有強(qiáng)烈興趣的議題。激進(jìn)的環(huán)保主義人士已經(jīng)要求將法律和倫理的保護(hù)延伸到整個(gè)自然界，他們其中一部份人士已經(jīng)向我們證明了愿意為了支持這種信念去抵抗和違反法律，甚至可以為此去犧牲的意志。

As described by Nash, the circle covered by the ethical rules governing individual and social behavior has expanded slowly and irregularly throughout history.Starting by granting rights to themselves, humans gradually enlarged the circle to include the family, the tribe, the nation and, in theory if not in practice, the entire community of human beings.When Thomas Jefferson wrote that all men were created equal and entitled to certain unalienable(不可剝奪的)rights, it was understood he was talking only about white males.Since the American Revolution, however, the right to ethical treatment has been extended, at least by law and social consensus, to include women and ethnic(民族的)minorities

正如納什所描述的，縱觀整個(gè)歷史，規(guī)范個(gè)人和社會(huì)行為的道德準(zhǔn)則所涵蓋的圈子延伸（擴(kuò)展）地緩慢而且無規(guī)律可循。從授予自己權(quán)力開始，人類逐漸地?cái)U(kuò)大圈子至家庭、民族、國(guó)家以及就算不是實(shí)際最起碼在理論上包括整個(gè)人類社會(huì)。托馬斯杰斐遜曾寫道人人生而平等并且被賦予某些不可剝奪的權(quán)利，他所談?wù)摰谋唤庾x為只包括白種族的男性。然而，因?yàn)槊绹?guó)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的爆發(fā)，人道對(duì)待的權(quán)力范圍被擴(kuò)大了，至少在法律和社會(huì)共識(shí)方面囊括了女性和少數(shù)民族。

The next page in this historyis now being written, Nash believes.For a growing number of people throughout the world but particularly in the United States, the belief is taking root.將道德和法律（所賦予）的權(quán)利向動(dòng)、植物以及自然界的其他擴(kuò)展的新的歷史篇章正在被書寫，納什認(rèn)為。因?yàn)槿澜缭絹碓蕉嗟娜耍ǔ诌@種信念）特別是在美國(guó)，這種信念正在深入人心。

The idea that nature has rights and is entitled to ethical consideration is

not a new one.Some Eastern religions define humans as only part of a great chain of being.But in the Christian tradition of the West, man was created to master nature, not to be part of it.認(rèn)為大自然有權(quán)利有資格得到倫理考量的思想并不是一個(gè)新鮮事物。一些東方宗教僅僅把人類定義為存在巨鏈的一部分。但是在西方的基督傳統(tǒng)里，人類卻被看作是為征服自然而生而不是自然的一部分。

However, as environmentalism has evolved as a social movement in recent years, Nash says, the concept of liberating nature from persecution by humanity has gained followers.U.S.law, he notes, provides legal protection to animals and plants through the Endangered Species Act and the Marine Mammals Protection Act.Nash points to the increasingly aggressive positions of so-called deep environmentalists and other radicals who insist that nature has intrinsic(固有的)and unalienable rights that have nothing to do with its value to people.Some of these radicals have thrown themselves before bulldozers to protect virgin forests and chained themselves to rocks on a river bank to prevent the river from being dammed.然而，近年來隨著環(huán)境保護(hù)論逐漸形成一種社會(huì)運(yùn)動(dòng)，納什說，從人類的迫害中解脫大自然的理念已經(jīng)得到追隨者。納什提到，美國(guó)通過《瀕危物種法》和《海洋哺乳動(dòng)物保護(hù)法》為動(dòng)植物提供法律保護(hù)。納什指出那些所謂的深環(huán)境保護(hù)主義者和其他堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為自然擁有固有的和不可剝奪的權(quán)利的激進(jìn)分子漸增的咄咄逼人的立場(chǎng)與自然擁有的價(jià)值毫無關(guān)系。一些激進(jìn)分子把自己置身于推土機(jī)前來保護(hù)原始森林以及把自己綁在河岸的礁石上去阻止在江河上建壩。

For the most part, Nash takes no position on questions of ethical duties.Only in an epilogue(跋), does he indicate where his sympathies lie.Just as the antislavery radicals in the early part of the 19th century were scorned(嘲笑)for insisting that slaves were human beings with rights, today's radical environmentalists are often laughed at for suggesting that nature is “the latest minority deserving a place in the sun of the American liberal tradition,”he says.But with the groundwork now laid for“mass participation in environmentalism,” Nash believes, there is a real possibility of serious confrontation with those who profit from exploitation of the environment.就大部分而言，納什在道德責(zé)任問題上并不持立場(chǎng)。只是在文章的最后，他的確表明他所贊同的地方。正像19世紀(jì)早期反奴隸制的激進(jìn)分子堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為奴隸是有權(quán)利的人而被嘲諷一樣，今天的環(huán)保激進(jìn)分子也常因?yàn)樘岢鲎匀皇恰白钚碌膽?yīng)在美國(guó)自由主義傳統(tǒng)的陽(yáng)光下得到一份席位的少數(shù)群體”而受到嘲笑，他說。但是以現(xiàn)在奠定的基礎(chǔ)等“更多的人參與到環(huán)保的行列中來”，納什認(rèn)為，與從開發(fā)環(huán)境中獲利的人有一場(chǎng)嚴(yán)重沖突是很有可能的。

”If this situation, with its intellectual and political similarities to American before the Civil War, promises once again to endanger domestic peace,“

Nash warns, ”it is not the fault of history."

“如果這種和國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)之前的美國(guó)具有知識(shí)和政治相似性的情況預(yù)示著（顯示出）再一次危及國(guó)內(nèi)和平?！奔{什警告說，“那將不是歷史的錯(cuò)?！?/p>

第二篇：英語(yǔ)四翻譯

English Translation for FOUR

U1無名英雄：職業(yè)父親意味著什么？

在我們的孿生女兒出生后的U2頤養(yǎng)天年

人人都知道孤兒院和養(yǎng)老院絕不能替代家庭。人們的感覺是只有家庭才能給老人與幼童提供使他們會(huì)產(chǎn)生滿足感的一切。對(duì)子女來說，享有父母的呵護(hù)毋庸多說，因?yàn)檫@是一種本能的父輩的情感。不過晚輩對(duì)于長(zhǎng)輩的孝敬，正如中國(guó)的一句俗話 “水往低處流” 所說，則需要由文化去培養(yǎng)。一個(gè)自然人必會(huì)愛其子女，但只有受過文化教育的人才會(huì)珍愛和孝敬父母。這個(gè)愛老、敬老的原則最終成為了大眾所信守的準(zhǔn)則，并且根據(jù)某些著書立說者所言，在父母年老時(shí)能有幸在其身邊服侍，實(shí)際上已成為一種強(qiáng)烈的愿望。父母生病了卻沒有機(jī)會(huì)在病榻前親侍藥湯，亡故時(shí)未能親臨送終，已被有文化的中國(guó)人視為終身最大的遺憾。官員到了五六十歲尚不能迎養(yǎng)父母，于官署中晨昏定省，會(huì)被視為道德缺失而倍感羞愧，不得不常向親友和同僚解釋他不能迎養(yǎng)孝敬的理由。從前有個(gè)人，因趕回家時(shí)父母已亡故，悲痛之下說了這樣兩句話：“樹欲靜而風(fēng)不止，子欲養(yǎng)而親不在?！?/p>

在美國(guó)，身體健康且精神矍鑠的老年人常對(duì)人說他尚“年輕”，或者是旁人說他們“年輕”，而實(shí)際上則是說他們身體康健。這似乎是一種語(yǔ)言上的不幸。老來健康或者說“長(zhǎng)壽康健”是人生莫大的幸運(yùn)，而改稱之為“健康且年輕”，則會(huì)貶損其魅力，使原本很完美的東西變得不那么完美了。終究，世上再也沒有什么能比一個(gè)健康而智慧的老者更完美的了。他有著“紅潤(rùn)的面龐，雪白的頭發(fā)”，用和藹的聲音，談?wù)撝松拦?。中?guó)人很明白這一點(diǎn)，所以畫出來的老翁總是“紅頰白須”，視之為塵世終極快樂的象征。美國(guó)人大概也看到過中國(guó)人所畫的老壽星，他那高突的前額、紅潤(rùn)的面龐、雪白的長(zhǎng)須，還有他笑容可掬的神態(tài)！這是何等生動(dòng)的畫像。他手撫飄逸垂胸的長(zhǎng)須，悠然自得。他何等的莊嚴(yán)，令人起敬；他何等的自信，沒有人會(huì)質(zhì)疑他的智慧；他何等的仁慈，因?yàn)樗娐劻颂嗟娜碎g疾苦。對(duì)于富有生氣的老者，我們也會(huì)給予贊譽(yù)，說他們是“老當(dāng)益壯”。

我絲毫不懷疑，美國(guó)的老人依舊要堅(jiān)持說他們又忙碌又活躍這一事實(shí)，可以歸為個(gè)人主義被推崇到了愚蠢的地步。他們以自主為榮，崇尚自立，恥于依賴子女。美國(guó)人在其憲法中規(guī)定了許多人權(quán)，但他們卻很奇怪地忘掉了老年人應(yīng)享受子女贍養(yǎng)這一權(quán)利，因?yàn)檫@也是因提供養(yǎng)育服務(wù)而產(chǎn)生的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。有誰(shuí)能夠否認(rèn)，父母年輕時(shí)為子女何等地辛勞，子女小有病痛必徹夜不眠地照顧，在子女還沒有學(xué)會(huì)說話時(shí)給他們換洗尿布，耗費(fèi)二十余載將他們養(yǎng)育成人，教會(huì)他們自立生活。當(dāng)他們年老時(shí)，就有權(quán)得到子女的贍養(yǎng)和孝敬。在普通的家庭生活模式中能否忘掉個(gè)人的自立及其自尊？凡是人都是先由父母養(yǎng)育，后來再養(yǎng)育自己的子女，最后則理所當(dāng)然地得到子女的贍養(yǎng)。中國(guó)人對(duì)生活的完整理念是以家庭中的互幫互助為基礎(chǔ)的，所以沒有個(gè)人獨(dú)立的意識(shí)，因此，到了夕陽(yáng)紅的老年時(shí)期得到子女贍養(yǎng)時(shí)就不會(huì)有恥辱感，反而會(huì)因有子女贍養(yǎng)而倍感欣幸。

U3網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)執(zhí)法——賺錢之道

丹佛——布萊恩?希爾，一位北卡羅來納州20歲的博主，去年12月在他自己的博客上發(fā)布了一張機(jī)場(chǎng)保安人員搜身的照片，沒想到由此引來了一場(chǎng)法律戰(zhàn)。

一個(gè)月后，希爾先生收到一封電子郵件，發(fā)件人是《拉斯維加斯太陽(yáng)報(bào)》的一位記者，他正在調(diào)查一家專為報(bào)社代理版權(quán)訴訟的內(nèi)華達(dá)公司。電子郵件通知希爾先生，他也是Righthaven公司起訴的對(duì)象之一。盡管那張機(jī)場(chǎng)照片在希爾先生從網(wǎng)上撤下之前就早已在網(wǎng)上 瘋傳，但這張照片卻是《丹佛郵報(bào)》11月18日首次刊發(fā)的。

希爾先生撤下了照片，但為時(shí)已晚。法院的傳票送到了他的家里。該訴訟要求法律賠償。盡管沒有提出賠償?shù)木唧w數(shù)字，但希爾先生被控“故意”侵權(quán)，根據(jù)聯(lián)邦版權(quán)法，在這種情況下訴訟方可獲得高達(dá)15 000美元的賠償。

“我很震驚，”希爾先生說?！拔蚁?，也許這是一個(gè)玩笑或者只是用來嚇唬我的。我真不知道那張照片是受版權(quán)保護(hù)的?！?/p>

在過去一年，各大報(bào)紙一直在想方設(shè)法保護(hù)它們投放在網(wǎng)上的信息內(nèi)容。Righthaven公司在科羅拉多

和內(nèi)華達(dá)州針對(duì)未經(jīng)《丹佛郵報(bào)》或《拉斯維加斯評(píng)論期刊》的授權(quán)直接在網(wǎng)上轉(zhuǎn)貼的資料所提起的類似的聯(lián)邦訴訟就超過了200起。

旗下?lián)碛小兜し疣]報(bào)》的新聞媒體集團(tuán)的副總裁莎拉?格蘭斯在一封電子郵件中說，搜身的照片已在300多個(gè)網(wǎng)站上轉(zhuǎn)載使用，而這些網(wǎng)站均未注明照片版權(quán)屬于《郵報(bào)》或其攝影師。

《評(píng)論期刊》的投資人兼斯蒂芬斯媒體的法律總顧問馬克?西紐貝爾贊同格蘭斯的觀點(diǎn)，說剪貼文章就是“竊取我們所編輯材料的潛在讀者和網(wǎng)絡(luò)流量?！?/p>

然而，一些批評(píng)家卻爭(zhēng)辯說，Righthaven公司的做法過于嚴(yán)厲，他們希望在人們還沒有搞清楚是否違反了聯(lián)邦版權(quán)法之前就速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q。通常情況下，他們不會(huì)對(duì)當(dāng)事人進(jìn)行警示就提起訴訟。Righthaven公司很少預(yù)先發(fā)出通知，要求網(wǎng)站撤下不屬于自己的信息資料，而是直接索要賠償，并要求取消該網(wǎng)站域名。根據(jù)一些對(duì)此類案件興趣日益濃厚的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)法律專家的觀察，這種行徑十分簡(jiǎn)單:Righthaven公司搜尋在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上轉(zhuǎn)貼的報(bào)刊材料，通常是一篇文章、摘錄或是一幅照片，再去獲取版權(quán)，然后由公司就提起訴訟。圣克拉拉大學(xué)法學(xué)院高科技法律研究所主任埃里克?戈德曼說，在網(wǎng)上重新粘貼已發(fā)布的材料，如果未減少其原有市場(chǎng)價(jià)值，就適用“公平使用”的原則。關(guān)注該訴訟的其他評(píng)論家也認(rèn)為，出于討論的目的而重新粘貼的資料不構(gòu)成侵權(quán)。

“許多被告對(duì)版權(quán)法知之甚少”，戈德曼先生說?！八麄儾皇且c報(bào)紙競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，而僅僅是不知道有關(guān)規(guī)定?！备甑侣壬虮籖ighthaven公司起訴的公司非正式地建議庭外和解。

“沒有人真的相信從未在任何地方發(fā)表過任何東西的Righthaven公司取得了其訴訟文章的全部所有權(quán)，”蘭達(dá)扎先生這樣寫道。他的法律小組最近提出動(dòng)議，駁回Righthaven公司的其他兩起案件，并指控該公司涉嫌版權(quán)索賠欺詐。

吉布森先生否認(rèn)他們?cè)V訟的特定目標(biāo)是不知情的博主并提到對(duì)德拉吉先生的訴訟。Righthaven公司指控“德拉吉報(bào)導(dǎo)網(wǎng)站”未經(jīng)允許貼出了機(jī)場(chǎng)保安搜身的照片。吉布森先生說訴訟最后達(dá)成庭外和解?！安还苁钦迟N顯示在Momandpop.com還是Chicagotribune.com上，轉(zhuǎn)移網(wǎng)站受眾的危害已經(jīng)形成，” 他說。“如果指控成立，說我們純粹是一家貪婪的公司，而不是在推動(dòng)版權(quán)法權(quán)益，那我們就不會(huì)處置網(wǎng)站受眾轉(zhuǎn)移的問題?！?/p>

格蘭斯女士說，新聞媒體集團(tuán)“審查過每一個(gè)違規(guī)事件，但只核準(zhǔn)那些針對(duì)刊登廣告而非從事慈善活動(dòng)的網(wǎng)站提起的訴訟?！?/p>

希爾先生患有自閉癥和糖尿病，和母親靠殘疾救助生活。他說Righthaven公司曾一度提出只需賠償6 000美元，但遭到他的拒絕?？屏_拉多州的一位律師大衛(wèi)?科爾一直在為他進(jìn)行無償辯護(hù)。

一位主持該案件的聯(lián)邦法官上個(gè)月批評(píng)Righthaven公司利用法庭與那些擔(dān)心訴訟費(fèi)用可能高昂的被告達(dá)成和解。不久后，Righthaven公司自愿放棄訴訟，聲稱之前他們的確不知道希爾先生的健康狀況。但與此同時(shí)Righthaven公司在法庭文件中指出，放棄對(duì)該案件的起訴并不意味著放棄對(duì)其他侵權(quán)人的起訴，并警告希爾先生不要再繼續(xù)使用受著作權(quán)保護(hù)的資料。

希爾先生最近決定恢復(fù)自己的uswgo.com網(wǎng)站，他把遭起訴后撤下的各種政治文章和自己的思考評(píng)述都加上了相關(guān)鏈接。在網(wǎng)站上，希爾先生也發(fā)布了一則闡釋自己看法的告示，說明該網(wǎng)站所掛材料，即使未得到使用許可，也符合公平使用的原則。不過，這一次希爾先生說他會(huì)繞開任何可能會(huì)使他陷入與Righthaven公司產(chǎn)生麻煩的影像或故事。

U4學(xué)英語(yǔ)既有樂趣又有回報(bào)

文學(xué)的研究——包含對(duì)哲學(xué)、宗教、歷史事件的發(fā)展和觀念由來的研究，不僅是文明的，同時(shí)是有教化作用的，而且是流行的和實(shí)際的。在所有從文理學(xué)院畢業(yè)并獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位的人中，有六分之一的人主修英語(yǔ)。讓人驚異的是，這些畢業(yè)生能勝任范圍相當(dāng)廣泛的工作。他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明，這種廣泛流行的偏見是錯(cuò)誤的：即英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生只能從事新聞或教學(xué)工作。事實(shí)上，主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生也為未來從事法律、醫(yī)學(xué)、商業(yè)和公職等職業(yè)做了相當(dāng)好的準(zhǔn)備。

有人時(shí)常勸告期望上法學(xué)院或醫(yī)學(xué)院的大學(xué)生要學(xué)習(xí)與他們的擇業(yè)有直接聯(lián)系的嚴(yán)格制定的課程。有

人還建議未來法學(xué)院的學(xué)生應(yīng)該選修政治、歷史、會(huì)計(jì)、商業(yè)管理甚至人體解剖學(xué)、婚姻和家庭生活等課程。未來醫(yī)學(xué)院的學(xué)生被引導(dǎo)去學(xué)習(xí)多種理科課程，實(shí)際上，這些課程比他們考入醫(yī)學(xué)院所需要的理科課程要多得多。令人驚訝的是，許多法學(xué)院和醫(yī)學(xué)院卻指出，如此專門化的準(zhǔn)備不但沒有必要，而且并不可取。沒有什么“法律預(yù)科”課程：上法學(xué)院和從事法律行業(yè)的最好準(zhǔn)備是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生能夠進(jìn)行批判性思考；能夠進(jìn)行清晰的合乎邏輯的自我表述；能夠?qū)λ说膭?dòng)機(jī)、行動(dòng)和想法進(jìn)行敏銳的分析。這些技能也正是英語(yǔ)專業(yè)要教給學(xué)生掌握的技能。

此外，要進(jìn)入法學(xué)院就讀，通常需要具有合格院校頒發(fā)的學(xué)士學(xué)位，還需要拿到最低限度的各課平均積分點(diǎn)，并和在法學(xué)院錄取考試（L.S.A.T.）中取得一個(gè)通得過的分?jǐn)?shù)。這項(xiàng)測(cè)試包括三個(gè)部分：首先是測(cè)試閱讀理解、圖形分類和書面材料評(píng)估等能力。測(cè)試的第二個(gè)部分是考核對(duì)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和詞匯用法的掌握能力，組織書面材料的能力和文字編輯的能力。第三個(gè)部分是檢測(cè)學(xué)生的文學(xué)、藝術(shù)、音樂、自然科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)的一般知識(shí)。顯而易見，主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生參加法學(xué)院錄取考試會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。

至于醫(yī)學(xué)院，入學(xué)要求主要的一條只是修滿32個(gè)學(xué)時(shí)的理科課程。這一要求對(duì)主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生來說肯定不成問題。另外，許多醫(yī)學(xué)院校要求學(xué)生必須在醫(yī)學(xué)院入學(xué)考試中達(dá)到規(guī)定的最低分，這一測(cè)試對(duì)全面發(fā)展的文科學(xué)生來說又十分有利。醫(yī)學(xué)院入學(xué)考試檢測(cè)四方面的能力：同義詞、反義詞和詞語(yǔ)聯(lián)想能力；從分?jǐn)?shù)到立體幾何學(xué)的基本數(shù)學(xué)知識(shí)；文學(xué)、哲學(xué)、心理學(xué)、音樂、藝術(shù)和社會(huì)科學(xué)的常識(shí)；以及熟悉中學(xué)和大學(xué)初始階段教過的生物學(xué)、化學(xué)和物理學(xué)基本原理的程度。理科基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)的主修英語(yǔ)學(xué)生完全有能力參加這一考試和醫(yī)學(xué)院入學(xué)考試，他們的閱讀、分析、闡述和準(zhǔn)確交流的能力使他們更勝一籌。學(xué)醫(yī)和行醫(yī)只會(huì)從對(duì)人的行為的洞察中受益無窮，而這種洞察卻是文學(xué)研究才能提供的。

很明顯，如此的洞察力對(duì)計(jì)劃從商的學(xué)生來說也是很有價(jià)值的。這樣的學(xué)生應(yīng)該考慮的是，挑選主修對(duì)商科有側(cè)重的英語(yǔ)課程是有優(yōu)勢(shì)的：這種課程的目的在于在提供文科教育的同時(shí)，也為從商做職業(yè)準(zhǔn)備。對(duì)這種教育計(jì)劃的需求是顯而易見的：只有技術(shù)性資格的畢業(yè)生能找到從商工作，但卻經(jīng)常難以居其位。《華爾街雜志》和《大學(xué)生就業(yè)雜志》都有報(bào)道，說越來越多的著名商學(xué)院的畢業(yè)生發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己經(jīng)常從一種工作或一家公司跳槽到另一個(gè)工作或另一家公司，在一個(gè)工作崗位上干不了十二個(gè)月。雇主們抱怨說，這些表面上年輕有為的男女們根本不會(huì)有效地交流，因?yàn)樗麄兊奈淖帜芰Σ粔驈?qiáng)；他們不能夠從管理人員培訓(xùn)中學(xué)到東西；他們不能夠進(jìn)行有效的口頭表達(dá)；他們不能用書面形式報(bào)告他們的工作進(jìn)展或問題；他們不能夠指導(dǎo)其他工作人員。然而，分析和交流的技能卻是管理的最根本的需要。

因此，偏重商業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理方向的主攻英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生，為未來從事商業(yè)管理做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。對(duì)涉及從銀行、保險(xiǎn)到通信乃至制造業(yè)等眾多領(lǐng)域的將近400家公司進(jìn)行的有關(guān)調(diào)查顯示，針對(duì)是否聘用具有英語(yǔ)學(xué)位文憑卻沒有受過行業(yè)領(lǐng)域的專門培訓(xùn)的畢業(yè)生這一問題，百分之八十五的公司說他們聘用過。擁有英語(yǔ)學(xué)位文憑的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生在營(yíng)銷、系統(tǒng)工程、人事管理、銷售、編程、項(xiàng)目設(shè)計(jì)和勞資關(guān)系等領(lǐng)域都工作得十分出色。

主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生也正在各級(jí)政府提供的上千種崗位上工作。就拿可以算得是美國(guó)最大的雇主的聯(lián)邦政府來說吧。從海軍陸戰(zhàn)隊(duì)到礦務(wù)局，從商業(yè)部到國(guó)家公園服務(wù)處，聯(lián)邦政府各種機(jī)構(gòu)雇傭的勞動(dòng)大軍近三百萬(wàn)人。主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生適合做其中的許多工作。最近，向51個(gè)聯(lián)邦政府機(jī)構(gòu)調(diào)查了同一個(gè)問題：是否聘用有英語(yǔ)學(xué)位文憑而卻沒有受過專門行業(yè)訓(xùn)練的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生，88%的這些聯(lián)邦政府單位的回答是肯定的。主修英語(yǔ)的畢業(yè)生能勝任聯(lián)邦政府的一系列工作，從索賠審議到外交官再到公路安全管理專家等等。再說，那些要求高薪高位的人可能還需要參加一種考試，這就是，聯(lián)邦政府每年都要舉行的“業(yè)務(wù)和管理職業(yè)考試”借此對(duì)大約10 000種工作崗位的求職者進(jìn)行考核，而測(cè)試的焦點(diǎn)仍然是語(yǔ)言技能：理解、分析、闡述、理解概念間邏輯關(guān)系的能力，以及解決用文字表述問題的能力。毫不奇怪，主修英語(yǔ)的學(xué)生時(shí)常在這一考試中獲得高分。

簡(jiǎn)而言之，英語(yǔ)的課程既無局限性又很實(shí)用：學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)是對(duì)職業(yè)生涯的絕好準(zhǔn)備。

U5華爾街反人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)罪行

美國(guó)國(guó)際集團(tuán)的金融家們得到了千百萬(wàn)美金的獎(jiǎng)金，因?yàn)樗麄兊男匠旰贤腔谒麄兺瓿?的交易量而

非這些交易產(chǎn)生的后果。一位32歲的按揭貸款經(jīng)紀(jì)人告訴我：“我覺得我的工作就 是簽訂交易??，至于交易的后果——那是他們的事，與我無關(guān)。”很多很多的商務(wù)高管們攫 取了高額獎(jiǎng)金，雖然他們撕裂了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，造成千萬(wàn)億美金的損失，使千百萬(wàn)的人的生活支離 破碎。他們?nèi)荒曁幱谶@場(chǎng)危機(jī)核心的是令人恐懼的對(duì)人的摧殘。

每天的經(jīng)濟(jì)新聞都讓我不斷想起45年前漢娜·阿倫特在耶路撒冷為《紐約人》報(bào)作戰(zhàn)犯審 判報(bào)道時(shí)，她對(duì)納粹戰(zhàn)犯阿道夫·艾希曼的剖析。阿倫特剖析了盲從與惡行之間奇特的“相互 依存”，并試圖以她的著名論斷“平庸之惡”來捕捉這一點(diǎn)。阿倫特發(fā)現(xiàn)艾希曼“既不是道德 敗壞，也不是殘酷成性”，而是“非?？膳碌恼?。”

遠(yuǎn)離現(xiàn)實(shí)

他是新型犯罪，是“行政大屠殺”的參與者，“在他實(shí)際上不知道或未察覺自己正在做錯(cuò) 事的情況下”犯下了罪行。艾希曼別無動(dòng)機(jī)，只是阿倫特所描述的“一種超乎尋常的尋求個(gè)人 升遷的勤奮而已??他從來沒有意識(shí)到他在做什么?！卑愄氐贸隽诉@樣的結(jié)論：“這種遠(yuǎn)離 現(xiàn)實(shí)的心理和這種無思想的盲從會(huì)勝過所有的邪惡本性，從而引發(fā)出更大的慘禍，而這一點(diǎn)事 實(shí)上恰是我們可以在耶路撒冷汲取的教訓(xùn)。”

誠(chéng)然經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)不是大屠殺，但我敢說，這場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)源于一種總是生產(chǎn)出類似疏離與盲從 的商業(yè)模式，并因個(gè)體道德判斷的普遍性缺失而進(jìn)一步惡化。隨著我們對(duì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)的這種行 為的加深了解，我們看到幾乎所有的人都接受了一種不計(jì)后果的體制，它獎(jiǎng)賞交易卻拒絕為這 些交易的后果承擔(dān)責(zé)任。銀行家、經(jīng)紀(jì)人和金融專家們都是這種以自我為中心的商業(yè)模式的心 甘情愿的參與者，該模式只頌揚(yáng)有益于機(jī)構(gòu)內(nèi)部人員的做法，卻不把機(jī)構(gòu)以外的其他人當(dāng)作人 看而疏離他們。

此種制度化的自戀和對(duì)“其他人”的蔑視在次級(jí)抵押貸款行業(yè)及其衍生而來的投資業(yè)得到 了終極的顯現(xiàn)。有太多的案例顯示，貸款人或投資者面臨的明顯風(fēng)險(xiǎn)卻只是被視為無人應(yīng)該對(duì) 其負(fù)責(zé)的外部因素。從來沒有想到過會(huì)有這樣的人，他們的家庭會(huì)面臨被迫舍棄房屋的困境，會(huì)有退休者陷入養(yǎng)老金風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的無底深淵。那些體制內(nèi)部的人是看不見這種困苦的：它太遙遠(yuǎn) 了，從而實(shí)際上是不存在的。

缺乏同情心

當(dāng)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)狀態(tài)時(shí)，由于情感上的疏離，人們更易于依據(jù)自己狹隘的個(gè)人利益而行事，缺 乏通常的同情心。同情心能讓我們察覺到他人的痛苦，是我們之所以為人的標(biāo)志。自戀的商業(yè) 模式提供了現(xiàn)代的“情景”，促使個(gè)體無視自己的抉擇的惡果，由此鋪就了一條通往全方位的 行政經(jīng)濟(jì)大屠殺的道路。

阿倫特認(rèn)為，艾希曼的審判給世界傳遞了一條信息，即個(gè)體必須為其判斷承擔(dān)責(zé)任，即使 他們 “盲目地”順應(yīng)了無良組織制度的情景。這條信息并不僅僅局限于難以形容的大屠殺的恐 怖行徑。它也與任何情況下個(gè)體判斷與制度程序之間的關(guān)系相關(guān)聯(lián)。這條信息說：你不能把自 己做下的壞事簡(jiǎn)單地歸咎于體制。然而讓世界為之驚愕的是，成千上萬(wàn)受托掌管我們金融福祉 的男男女女們卻全面系統(tǒng)地違背了文明行為的基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們無力辨別對(duì)與錯(cuò)。他們要么根本 不判斷，要么就根本不按自己的判斷行事。這喪失底線的行為才讓公眾對(duì)離譜的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)行為的每 次披露都怒不可遏。公眾的憤怒并不是渴望復(fù)仇，而是在反抗這個(gè)平庸之惡。

公眾的憤慨是道德感的反應(yīng)，它的著眼點(diǎn)比那些為保護(hù)自立經(jīng)營(yíng)的商業(yè)伎倆而設(shè)置的法律 更深刻，也更真實(shí)?，F(xiàn)今，人們的呼聲是去找回屬于我們的群體，回到人們能由己及人辨別對(duì) 錯(cuò)的地方。公眾需要——不，要求——我們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們來重新審視自己的能力和義務(wù)，判斷出 什么才是正確的做法，即便那會(huì)意味著要面對(duì)法律訴訟和發(fā)怒的銀行家們。

現(xiàn)在，有關(guān)千百萬(wàn)的人生死存亡的安全感已處于危險(xiǎn)境地或被徹底摧毀。在這場(chǎng)價(jià)值墮落 的浪潮中，沒有誰(shuí)會(huì)是安全的，而引發(fā)這場(chǎng)價(jià)值墮落浪潮的正是這個(gè)以自我為中心的商業(yè)模式 的平庸之惡以及那些不問是非、缺乏道德判斷的參與者們。留給資本主義繼承人的迫切教訓(xùn)通 過所有的新聞標(biāo)題正在發(fā)生效應(yīng)：沒有“他人”，只有我們。本應(yīng)屬于“他們的”傷害現(xiàn)在卻 成為了全世球范圍的共有磨難。

這場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)出越來越多的詐騙、利益沖突、漠視困苦、推卸責(zé)任和個(gè)體道德判 斷的全面、系統(tǒng)性的缺失，這一切就制造出了一個(gè)行政經(jīng)濟(jì)大屠殺，其涉及面之大足以構(gòu)成反 人類的經(jīng)濟(jì)罪行。

第三篇：21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四翻譯答案

第一單元

1.美國(guó)人往往以從事的工作來對(duì)人們進(jìn)行劃分，家庭和教育背景這些特點(diǎn)被認(rèn)為是不太重要的。

Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他決不妥協(xié)的個(gè)性是他再也無法容忍他的雇主，并最終遞交了辭職書的原因。His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想學(xué)好英語(yǔ)，你就必須投入大量的時(shí)間和精力，否則你就不會(huì)有任何進(jìn)步，對(duì)于其他課程也可以這么說。

If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演員的名聲靠的是他們天生的美貌，但是達(dá)斯訂.霍夫曼（Dustin

hoffman）盡管身材矮?。╯hort stature）,還是出類拔萃，而使他與眾不同的正是他的精湛的演技。

Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.5.他負(fù)責(zé)管理之后，我們就發(fā)現(xiàn)他與前任（Predecessor）有明星的不同:他有干勁和激情，想出了很多新點(diǎn)子，并把工作重點(diǎn)放在如何鼓舞我們的士氣上。After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.當(dāng)鄧小平宣布中國(guó)改革開放政策的時(shí)候，他被永遠(yuǎn)載入了史冊(cè)。盡管障礙重重，他以不懈的努力為我國(guó)的現(xiàn)代化作出了永久性的貢獻(xiàn)。

Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.為什么有人擁有天才級(jí)智商卻被智商平平但很刻苦的人丟在后面？承認(rèn)除了智商外，還有很多別的因素于一個(gè)人的成就有著很大的關(guān)系。

Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.8.這位教師真了不起，她能在教?hào)|西之前調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性。這并不是因?yàn)樗刑熨x，認(rèn)識(shí)因?yàn)樗幌胫谡n堂上吸引他們的注意力。

This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.第二單元

1.他瞪眼看著約翰，對(duì)她拒接合作感到惱火

He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.2.約翰真誠(chéng)的講話表達(dá)了他對(duì)那些在他處于困境時(shí)給過他慷慨幫助的人們的感激之情

John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him

generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可說是一個(gè)集郵家。他曾經(jīng)積累了兩年去買一張珍郵這件事便是證明

He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.4.這些玫瑰的美麗怎么評(píng)價(jià)也比不過分。他們以各種方式吸引住了所有的游客 T he beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.5.起先，他理所當(dāng)然的認(rèn)為該地區(qū)應(yīng)多造一些公路。然而仔細(xì)計(jì)算其費(fèi)用之后，他在作出最后決定前又不得不重新考慮了。

.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的禮物，不管多少，我的朋友比爾覺不忘記表示感謝。

Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新聞?dòng)浾邲Q定找到那對(duì)老夫妻信中提及的年輕人。那封信贊頌了年輕人為改善他們的生活條件而付出的努力。

.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.8.雖然他厭煩了那些每天上門來吹噓其產(chǎn)品的推銷員，但他克制著沒有將他們拒之于門外。

.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.第三單元

1.湯姆因一問題而心神不寧但又一籌莫展，直到他學(xué)會(huì)以不同的策略把它解決才不心煩。

Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.橫向思維幫助他提出了原來似乎已經(jīng)走進(jìn)死胡同的新理論。

.Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.3.我們最新的建設(shè)計(jì)劃的框架已獲得地方政府的批準(zhǔn)。他是否會(huì)按時(shí)實(shí)施對(duì)這座沿海城市的發(fā)展具有極為重要的意義。

The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local

government.Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.4.在設(shè)法尋找一個(gè)解決問題的辦法的過程中，愛德華在思想上陷入了僵局，但最后他改變了觀察角度，以一種完全意想不到的方式解決了問題。

.While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.許多人認(rèn)為計(jì)算機(jī)機(jī)房將最終取代圖書館，想吸收新知識(shí)的學(xué)生最終將在計(jì)算

機(jī)機(jī)房里學(xué)到一切。

Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽車幾乎是迎頭撞上一輛卡車，如果他繼續(xù)這樣隨便開車，我確信他最后一定會(huì)被送進(jìn)醫(yī)院的急診室。

Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.這幅畫的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)有一點(diǎn)缺陷。你為什么不擦掉那幾條垂直線，把他簡(jiǎn)化一點(diǎn)呢？

.There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?

8.約翰本該在很久以前就把煙戒掉了。畢竟健康對(duì)每個(gè)人來說都是最重要的。John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.第四單元

1.學(xué)校應(yīng)避免僅按學(xué)生考試成績(jī)來判斷孰優(yōu)孰劣畢以此對(duì)待他們。相反，好的教育體制應(yīng)使每一位學(xué)生都能達(dá)到良好的水準(zhǔn)，成為全面發(fā)展的人。

.Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students' exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.2大學(xué)生課后有問題時(shí)，往往在辦公時(shí)間之外不容易找到老師。這是由于老師繁忙的學(xué)術(shù)研究，而不是他們對(duì)學(xué)生漠不關(guān)心。

As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.這個(gè)班由40名學(xué)生組成，他們大部分按英語(yǔ)水平過去常被歸在中等之列。但由于老師從不在言辭中表露出不賴煩，學(xué)生們對(duì)他的教學(xué)方法產(chǎn)生了積極的反應(yīng)，從而沒有辜負(fù)他的厚望。

This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.4.在美國(guó)，教書變的越來越難了，部分原因是學(xué)生越來越多樣的種族背景以及需要另外培訓(xùn)才能掌握更為復(fù)雜的教學(xué)技巧。

Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.英國(guó)人經(jīng)常被歸類為保守型，顯然這一歸類帶有成見。實(shí)際上，英國(guó)人在名族特性方面以其他歐洲國(guó)家相比并沒有太大的差異。英國(guó)人有禮貌，愛整潔，講秩序，充滿自信。

.The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other.European countries in terms of national characteristics.6.有些年輕人在成長(zhǎng)過程中有著要求獨(dú)立的強(qiáng)烈愿望。他們寧可通過自己的努力來度過生活中的困難，也不愿帶著負(fù)罪感求助于他們的父母。

The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友對(duì)你非常的真誠(chéng)，你也應(yīng)該以誠(chéng)相待，覺不應(yīng)該欺騙他，或者帶著諷刺的口吻談?wù)撍拇煺邸?/p>

Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn 抰deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony(ironically).8.鄰居們惱火的原因是他們發(fā)出的噪音，但是由于他們一再保證夜間停工，從而得以完成這套公寓的裝潢。

.The neighbors' irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.第五單元

1.正如你可以想象到的，閱讀為我們打開了一個(gè)新的天地并永遠(yuǎn)的改變了我的人生道路。

As you can imagine, reading has opened a new world to me and

changed forever the course of my life.2.他從童年起就對(duì)書籍表現(xiàn)出一種非常強(qiáng)烈的興趣。他對(duì)書籍如此迷戀，以致從不讓一天過去而不進(jìn)行一些閱讀。

He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since

childhood.So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass

without doing some reading.3.他每次乘地鐵上下班身邊都有一本想讀的書。他就這樣在過去三年中讀了將近100本書。

.Every time he takes the subway to and from work, he has with him a

book that he wants to read.That is the way he has read nearly a

hundred books in the past three years.4.他讀中學(xué)時(shí)常在自己房間里讀書至深夜。每次聽到母親走近的腳步聲，他便關(guān)掉燈假裝睡著。而母親一走過去，他便打開燈，重又讀起來。

When he was in high school, he used to read deep/far into the night in his own room.Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep.But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.5.幾乎沒有什么關(guān)于中國(guó)的東西是他不感到好奇的。為了滿足自己的好奇心他已

決定親自到那兒去盡量多看一些。

There is hardly anything about China he's not curious about.And to satisfy his curiosity he has decided to go there in person to see as much as he can.6.我不知道是什么使你兒子羨慕那位流行歌手并試圖事事模仿他的。你還是問問他本人好了。

I don't know/ I have little/no idea what made your son envy that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything.You might as well ask him in person.7.他從圖書館一借到那本書就在走廊的燈光下飛快的把它翻了一遍。

As soon as he checked out the book from the library, he thumbed through its pages by the corridor light.8.我認(rèn)為沒有哪個(gè)人在農(nóng)村學(xué)到的比我更多。實(shí)際上，農(nóng)村的三年使我比進(jìn)某個(gè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)得更深入細(xì)致。

.I don't think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.In fact, those three years in the countryside enabled me to study far intensively than I would have if I had attended some college.

第四篇：大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四翻譯題詳解

Unit 1 Translate the following sentences into English.--------------1.這種植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成長(zhǎng)。(other than)

1.The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究結(jié)果表明，無論我們白天做了什么事情，晚上都會(huì)做大約兩個(gè)小時(shí)的夢(mèng)。(may have done)

2.Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night，no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往責(zé)怪別人沒有盡最大努力，以此來為自己的失敗辯護(hù)。(justify sth.by)

3.Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我們忠于我們的承諾：凡是答應(yīng)做的，我們都會(huì)做到。(remain true to)

4.We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do;we would do it.5.連貝多芬的父親都不相信自己兒子日后有一天可能成為世界上最偉大的音樂家。愛迪生也同樣如此，他的老師覺得他似乎過于遲鈍。(discount;be true of)

5.Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the g reatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.當(dāng)局控告他們威脅國(guó)家安全。(accuse sb.of sth.)

6.They were accused by authorities of threatening the state security.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.l.出入除自己家以外的任何場(chǎng)所時(shí)，如果你帶有寵物，一定要了解有關(guān)寵物的規(guī)定。2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.2一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，掙一份不錯(cuò)的工資。但是為了家庭，她們放棄 了工作。

3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.3.你怎么為這樣粗魯?shù)男袨檗q護(hù)？你將會(huì)為此付出沉重的代價(jià)，因?yàn)樗麄兗航?jīng)以低毀名譽(yù)的罪 名起訴你了。

4.Criticism can be of great use;we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.4.批評(píng)有其重要作用；我們可能當(dāng)時(shí)不喜歡它，但是它能激勵(lì)我們?nèi)プ龈鼈ゴ蟮氖虑?/p>

5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.5.他毫不讓步的行為遭到公眾的反對(duì)，這使得他陷人了精神上崩潰、經(jīng)濟(jì)上破產(chǎn)的境地。6.Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary step in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.6．即使你失敗了，也不要被失敗傷害，更不要被失敗左右。記?。菏∈菍W(xué)習(xí)過程中必要的一 步；它不是學(xué)習(xí)、的結(jié)束，而是學(xué)習(xí)的開始。

Unit 2 Translate the following sentences into English.1.要是這部喜劇中的人物更幽默些的話，就會(huì)吸引更多的觀眾。(if...had + past participle, would + have + past participle)

1.If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她從未對(duì)自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成為一名成功的演員。(it is a possibility to)

2.She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我從未受過正式培訓(xùn)，我只是邊干邊學(xué)。(go along)

3.I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.隨著產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入國(guó)際市場(chǎng)，他們的品牌知名度越來越高了。(find one's way into)

4.As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以編造一個(gè)故事，說自己被竊賊打昏，所有的錢都沒了，但她懷疑自己是否能讓這故事聽起來可信。(make up)

5.She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.誰(shuí)都不清楚他是否故意推遲了這次訪問，可是這引起了對(duì)他更多的批評(píng)。(on purpose)

6.No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.--------------1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.1.如果沒有查理·卓別林，世界電影史就會(huì)不一樣了。

2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave him the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.2.令人感到寬慰的是，他的努力最終給予了他長(zhǎng)期渴望的結(jié)果—他成功地發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種疾病的原因。3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.3.查理·卓別林是最偉大、最廣受熱愛的電影明星之一。從《流浪漢》到《摩登時(shí)代》，他拍 攝了許多他那個(gè)時(shí)代最有趣、最受歡迎的電影。他最出名的是他扮演的一個(gè)人物—年輕可 愛的小流浪漢。

4.Chaplin was an immensely talented man: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the best-known personalities in the nation.4.卓別林是一個(gè)才能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在電影中出現(xiàn)，兩年時(shí)間內(nèi)他就成了這個(gè)國(guó) 家最有名的人物之一。

5.Charlie Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.5.查理·卓別林對(duì)20世紀(jì)初期每個(gè)人的生活都產(chǎn)生了影響。與有史以來的任何人相比，他讓更 多的人歡笑，改變了人們看待這個(gè)世界的方式。

6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.6.1977年，查理·卓別林在圣誕節(jié)那天去世了，身后留下了悲傷的家人和朋友，以及全世界數(shù) 以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的影迷。

Unit 5 Translate the following sentences into English.------------------1.這位小個(gè)子男子并不如他看上去那么單純。(not so...as)

1.This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.對(duì)這個(gè)問題我已束手無策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。(might as well)

2.There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.雙方高度評(píng)價(jià)了在不同領(lǐng)域合作取得的成果，并希望合作進(jìn)一步加深。(speak highly of)

3.Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，親民形象能使新政策更易于被民眾接受，另一方面，它也能

“廣直言之路，啟進(jìn)善之門”。(on the one hand, on the other hand)

4.On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.5.他孤獨(dú)的感覺時(shí)起時(shí)落，他有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)自己、對(duì)寵物、對(duì)電視機(jī)嘮叨不休。(rise and fall, at length)

5.His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.畢竟，金錢不是萬(wàn)能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。(after all)

6.After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.1.新的機(jī)制并不像他們預(yù)期的那樣有效，因?yàn)閿?shù)月過去了，但管理效率并沒有明顯改進(jìn)。2.I don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.2.我不想不必要地嚇唬你，可你最好還是面對(duì)事實(shí)，看看一些數(shù)字吧。

3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.3.孤獨(dú)的特點(diǎn)是一種與世隔絕感，而獨(dú)居則是獨(dú)自一人卻不感到寂寞的狀態(tài)，它能引發(fā)自我 意識(shí)。

4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.4.孤獨(dú)是一種消極的狀態(tài)，你會(huì)感到失去了某種東西。你可能與別人在一起仍然感到孤獨(dú)— 這也許是孤獨(dú)最痛苦的形式。

5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.5.獨(dú)居是一種與自我相約的積極的狀態(tài)。獨(dú)居是值得向往的，是獨(dú)自一人、享受自我愉快而又 充實(shí)的陪伴的一種狀態(tài)。

6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's heart is not open to them.6.梭羅說，一個(gè)人即使身處同伴之中，如果不對(duì)他們敞開心扉，仍會(huì)感到孤獨(dú)。

Unit 8 Translate the following sentences into English.---------------1.只要他守規(guī)矩，我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得這么晚。(mind + V-ing)

1.1 don't mind his staying out so late as long as he behaves himself.2.與其他計(jì)劃相比，我更喜歡他的計(jì)劃，因?yàn)槲矣X得沒有任何一個(gè) 計(jì)劃比他的計(jì)劃更實(shí)際。(no + singular nouns or plural nouns;in that)

2.1 prefer his plan to others in that I think no plan is more practical than his.3.他們與那家公司中斷了生意來往，因?yàn)槟羌夜旧弦粋€(gè)財(cái)政損失慘重，已經(jīng)破產(chǎn)了。(break off)

3.They broke off business relations with that company as it suffered huge losses in the last fiscal year and went bankrupt.4.既然你不喜歡他，當(dāng)初為什么還要邀請(qǐng)他參加你的生日晚會(huì)呢？(now that;in the first place)

4.Now that you don't like him, why did you invite him to your birthday party in the first place? 5.雖然知道獲勝的可能性不大，但比賽失敗后，我們多少還是有點(diǎn)沮喪。(more or less)

5.Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more or less depressed when we lost in the game.6.也許這是為進(jìn)步而付出的代價(jià)，誰(shuí)知道呢?(pay the price)

6.Perhaps this was the price that has to be paid for progress-who knows? Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------1.I don't mind their disapproving of my plan, but, in my heart, I still want their support.1.我不在乎他們否定我的計(jì)劃，但在內(nèi)心深處我仍渴望得到他們的支持。2.Peter announced that he had no intention of singing or dancing in company with any of these girls and he gave no reason.2.彼得宣布他不想與她們中任何一個(gè)女孩一起唱歌或跳舞，他沒給任何理由。3.We respect those who give of their time, their friendship and their talents rather than those who are always trying hard only to gain more for themselves.3.我們尊敬的是那些奉獻(xiàn)時(shí)間、友誼和才能的人，而不是那些一心只為自己謀求私利的人。4.It seemed that I had suffered a great loss of business and that was the price I paid for not following my parents' advice.4.看來我生意遭到一了巨大損失，這是我不聽父母忠告所付出的代價(jià)。5.They just made the point again in passing that during my visit to that country, an interpreter would always be at my elbow.5.他們只是順便又提到了這一點(diǎn)：在我去那個(gè)國(guó)家旅行時(shí)，會(huì)有一位翻譯一直在我身邊。6.Even when parents strongly disapprove of the way their child is behaving, it is still important to make it clear that it is the behavior and not the person that is being rejected.6.即使當(dāng)父母強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)子女的行為方式時(shí)，他們拒絕接受的是那種行為方式而不是子女本人，澄清這一點(diǎn)十分重要。

Unit 10 Translate the following sentences into English.---------------1.無論你的智商有多高，你的看法都受到個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的局限，因此要學(xué)會(huì)吸納他人有用的觀點(diǎn)。(no matter...)

1.No matter how high your IQ is, your view is limited by the experience you have had and so you should learn to incorporate the useful perspectives of others.2.這個(gè)游戲非常有趣，他們誰(shuí)也沒有注意到時(shí)間的流逝。(Use inverted order of “so...that...”;take note of)

2.So interesting was the game that none of them took note of the passage of time.3.我一直在整理這些舊文件，看看哪些有用，哪些需要扔掉。(sort through)

3.I've been sorting through these old documents to see which are useful and which can be thrown away.4.隨著年齡越來越大，你應(yīng)該考慮未來的計(jì)劃。(reflect on)

4.As you get older you should reflect on future plans.5.他在演出中的亮相簡(jiǎn)直是個(gè)轟動(dòng)。(nothing less than)

5.His appearance in the show was nothing less than a sensation.6.他們每個(gè)月都從工資中留出一筆錢，用于孩子將來的教育。(set aside)

6.Every month they set aside a particular amount of money from their salary for the sake of their kid's education in the future.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.---------------

XII

1.No matter how promising your situation, or how creative you can be, hard work is always essential to your success.1.無論你的情況多么充滿希望，無論你有多大的創(chuàng)造力，努力工作對(duì)你的成功總是必需的。

2.So strong are his first impressions that sometimes they defy revision even when many other people think differently.2.他留下的最初印象如此之強(qiáng)烈，有時(shí)甚至當(dāng)許多其他人不這么認(rèn)為時(shí)，這些印象也無法改變。

3.Our aim is nothing less than to make China the best trained and educated nation in Asia.3.我們的目的就是要使中國(guó)成為亞洲接受培訓(xùn)程度和教育程度最高的一個(gè)國(guó)家。

4.On international relations China would continue to develop relations with foreign countries in seeking a favorable international environment for its reform and to make contributions to world peace and development.4.在國(guó)際關(guān)系方面，中國(guó)將繼續(xù)發(fā)展與外國(guó)的關(guān)系，尋求一個(gè)對(duì)自己改革有利的國(guó)際環(huán)境，繼續(xù)對(duì)世界和平和發(fā)展作出貢獻(xiàn)。

5.I'll keep at it—whatever the challenges might be—and never give up until I achieve success.5.不管會(huì)面臨什么挑戰(zhàn)，我都會(huì)堅(jiān)持，永不放棄，直到取得成功。

6.The latest research seems to imply that without the software of emotional maturity and self-knowledge, the hardware of academic training alone is worth less and less.6.最新的研究似乎表明，缺乏情感成熟和自我了解這一軟件，純學(xué)術(shù)培訓(xùn)這一硬件越來越?jīng)]有價(jià)值。

第五篇：新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四作文,求翻譯~

1My Understanding of Environmental Protection

Man and the environment are closely related.Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter.A harmonious relationship between man and However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now.As society develops, man’s transformation of nature has severely polluted his livingenvironment.Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms.The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings.And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil.If we take noimmediate and effective steps to protect our environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.??????We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines onenvironmentally-unfriendly activities, so as to preserve the environment for future generations.2The Impact of the Mobile Phone on People’s lives

Among the many technological inventions, the mobile phone impresses me most.The mobile phone brings considerable convenience to our lives.It not only enables us to keep in touch with each other almost anytime and anywhere but also helps us solve problems or do business efficiently.In emergencies, a mobile phone can even be a life-saver.Besides, itsmulti-functions add ease and color to our lives.With a mobile phone, we can receive mail, read news, listen to music, play games, and take pictures.Yet, the mobile phone has its disadvantages, too.Most of us have experienced the nuisance of unwanted or wrong calls.We are inconvenienced by calls on occasions when we least expect one.Besides, the technology infrastructure to support mobile communication has consumed valuable natural resources and caused significant environmental problems.It is reported that electromagnetic radiation waves from the phone may result in health problems.Despite its negative side, the advantages of the mobile phone outweigh its disadvantages.I believe that with advances in science and technology, improved and safer models of mobile phones will surely serve us still better.3Barriers to Knowledge Transfer

Knowledge transfer is a human phenomenon and plays a very important role in the process of human evolution.With the knowledge accumulated over generations, human beings can now build and transform societies with unprecedented knowledge resources.However, there are many barriers to knowledge transfer.For example, lack of trust and resistance to change undermine the transfer of knowledge.People are less likely to acquire knowledge from those whom they don't trust or to adopt new theories and practices they are not familiar with.Cultural and language barriers also hamper the transfer of knowledge between nations or ethnic groups.It would be almost impossible for people who speak different languages or dialects with different cultural backgrounds to communicate effectively, not to mention exchanging knowledge.An underdeveloped economy is another barrier to knowledge transfer.The lack of

socio-economic and techno-environmental cooperation, as well as poor communications infrastructure, can greatly hinder the flow of knowledge within and between nations.To remove these barriers, people should change their attitude towards knowledge transfer and the learning of foreign languages and cultures.At the same time, efforts should be made to develop a better world economy.4My Career Choice

When it comes to the choice of career, different people consider the matter from different perspectives.Personally I prefer to be a teacher.I have three reasons for my decision.The first reason is that the profession of teaching is in agreement with my personality.Being an outgoing, patient and understanding person, I think I am able to communicate with my students and understand their feelings easily, which constitutes an important factor in ensuring success in teaching.The second reason is that I am interested in the job.It would always give me great joy and satisfaction to see the happy faces of my students, to share my knowledge and life experience with them and to participate in their process of growing up.The third reason is related to my occupational attitude.I always believe that school teachers all over the world are respected for their profound knowledge and higher social status.I have always held my teachers in respect and I hope I would be respected as a teacher, too, in the future.I think teaching is an ideal career for me.Being a university student now, I will work hard to realize my dream.5Fame — Good or Evil

Fame has always been pursued by many people for the advantages it brings about.Fame can assure one of a high social status, high regard, great admiration, etc.Fame can also bring one wealth as a celebrity has more chances to earn big money.Besides, the applauses and flowers from the fans may boost one's self-confidence and increase one's sense of fulfillment.However, fame can ruin one's life, too.It deprives one of his privacy.As a public figure, he is often chased by fans and journalists, and his private life never escapes the media's attention or public curiosity.Fame also places one under great pressure.He has to work in line with public expectations and thus becomes the slave of his own success.So fame is a double-edged sword.I don't seek fame and I don't envy those who are famous.I highly appreciate what the American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow says about fame: “The talent of success is nothing more than doing well whatever you do without a thought of fame”.