第一篇：2005年12月研究生學(xué)位英語考試真題答案

2005 年12月：（B）

1—-10： A D C B D A C B C C11—15： D A D B C / / / / / 21—30： A C B A D C A B C D31—40： B D A C A C D C B A 41—50： B D C A C B A D B D51—60： A D B C D C B A B D 61—70： A D B A C D C D C D71—80： C A A C A D C B C C

五、英譯漢

聰明的人懂得整個人生布局中的一切事物各歸其位。他懂得金錢和財富是手段卻不是目的。他知道一時的歡愉有別于持久的滿足，偉大有別于成名，敬虔有別于迷信，文學(xué)藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域乃至整個人生的實力有別于做秀。她知道人生命運躲不過邪惡，人生必有所失，疾病和死亡必會臨到我們。聰明的人以平和的心面對這一切。

六、漢譯英

A day without hope would be unimaginably pale [dull].there must be something to look forward to each day to keep it out of shadows.To a person cherishing hopes every morning rises a new sun.Deprived of water, soil turns into desert.Deprived of hope, what is left to a man? A small hope sustains you for a day, a great one for a lifetime.

第二篇：2018年廣東學(xué)位英語考試【真題】及【答案解析】(完整版)

2018年廣東學(xué)位英語考試真題及答案解析（完整版）

Part I Dialogue completion(15 points)

Directions: there are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one that best completes the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSEWR SHEET.1.Debra: Oh!What a beautiful cat!What do you think? Donald: _____ Dogs are more loyal than cats A.I think I’d rather get a dog.B.Yeah, it is beautiful!C.I have no idea.D.You have to clean after it.【答案】A 【解析】由“狗比貓更忠誠”可知，Donald認(rèn)為他寧愿獲得一只狗。2.Jane: My watch always gains ten minutes a day.Mary: _____ My watch always loses ten minutes a day.Jane: No kidding.It seems that both of us should throw it away and buy a new one.A.That’s ridiculous.B.That’s funny C.That’s cool D.That’s great 【答案】B 【解析】簡說“我的手表每天快十分鐘”。瑪麗說：“真有趣，我的手表每天慢十分鐘。”

3.Jennifer: It’s freezing outside!_____ I thought this cold front was supposed to pass.Gabricla: Yeah, I thought so too.That’s what I read online this morning.A.I haven’t read the weather report.B.The weather report was right C.What happened to the weather report? D.I should have read the weather report.【答案】C 【解析】“What happened to the weather report?”意思為“天氣預(yù)報怎么了？”

4.Tony: Welcome back, Monica.How are you? Monica: I’m OK._____ A.You are welcome!B.Fancy meeting you there C.Aren’t you happy? D.Thank you for asking 【答案】D 【解析】由問句“你好嗎？”，可知回答為“我很好，謝謝詢問。” 5.Ruby: Hello, this is Information.Can I help you? Dora: _____ A.I’m calling to make a complaint.B.Can you tell me your name? C.OK, thank you for your help D.That’s very kind of you.【答案】A 【解析】由“Can I help you?（我能為您效勞嗎？）”；“I’m calling to make a complaint.（我打電話是想投訴）”

6.Steve: Would you like anything to drink? I have Sprite and orange juice.Bob: _____ A.I’m terribly sorry about that.B.How can it be? C.That’s quite alright D.Sprite would be fine.【答案】D 【解析】問句：“你想喝點什么嗎？我有雪碧和橘子汁”。回答“橘子汁就好。” 7.Jane: Why don’t we play tennis this afternoon? Bill: _____ A.Sounds like an excellent job.B.That’s a brilliant idea.C.I’m sure it isn’t so bad.D.Of course we do 【答案】B 【解析】問句“今天下午我們?yōu)槭裁床淮蚓W(wǎng)球呢？”。回答“那是個好主意。” 8.Louis: Can I have some information about the health club? A.Yes, you do B.Go ahead C.That’s a good idea D.Yes, certainly 【答案】D 【解析】問句“我能了解一些有關(guān)這個健康俱樂部的信息嗎？”。回答“是的，當(dāng)然了。”

9.Mori: This looks a great party.Thanks for inviting me.Susan: _____ A.Never mind.B.Glad you could make it C.Don’t bother with that.D.I’d better ask you.【答案】B 【解析】“這看起來是個很棒的聚會。謝謝你邀請我。”；“很高興你能來。” 10.Julie: I’m going to the supermarket to pick up food and drink for Saturday’s picnic.Any suggestions?

Jack: _____ A.I’m all ears to you B.I wouldn’t mind that C.I’d rather not D.It’s up to you 【答案】D 【解析】“有任何建議嗎？”對應(yīng)“由你來決定。”

11.Bruce: I’ve been going to the gym for half a year now!Alice: _____ You look so fit.And no more beer belly!A.I can say so.B.It’s that right? C.I can tell.D.Is it possible? 【答案】C 【解析】“我已經(jīng)去健身房半年了。”對應(yīng)“我看得出來。你看上去如此健康。” 12.Joan: Why are you so late? Michael: _____ I left them in the car.A.I couldn’t find my car keys B.You know what happened? C.I didn’t catch the bus D.My car was out of order 【答案】A 【解析】問句“你怎么這么晚？”回答“我找不到我的車鑰匙，我把它們落在車?yán)锪恕！?/p>

13.Terri: Derrick, don’t you think you should take a vacation? Even one or two days would be fine.Derrick: _____ There’s too much work.A.No way B.That’s right C.It is likely D.I think so 【答案】A 【解析】“德里克，你不認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該度假嗎？即使是一到兩天就可以。”；“絕對不可能。有太多工作。”

14.Donald: Let’s eat out, shall we?

Debra: I’ve gone through my paycheck for the week already Donald: _____ Don’t worry about it.It’s my treat.A.You said it!B.I couldn’t agree more C.I’m broke D.No problem 【答案】C 【解析】“讓我們出去吃，好嗎？”；“我身無分文”。

15.Timothy: Stanley, there’s a Mr.Miller on the phone who wants to talk to you.Stanley: _____ Can you ask him to hold? Tell him I’ll talk with him in a few seconds.A.Who is Mr.Miller? B.I’m busy at the moment C.I don’t know him D.What’s happened? 【答案】B 【解析】“斯坦利，有個米勒先生找你接電話。”；“我現(xiàn)在很忙。你能叫他別掛電話嗎？”

Part II Reading Comprehension(40ponts)

Directions: there are four passages in this part.Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D, choose the best and mark your answer on the ANSEWR SHEET.Passage One

Have you ever heard of a pawpaw(木瓜)? If not, do not feel bad.Many Americans do not know of the fruit, although it is native to the U.S..Once, however, it was one of the most popular fruits in North America.Happily, those who love the pawpaw are trying to return it to its former position in American foods.A pawpaw is a tropical fruit that used to be grown along the East Coast from New York to Florida and all over the eastern U.S..At one time, it could be found as far west as Nebraska.The pawpaw was an important food for Native Americans and even early European settlers.Pawpaws reportedly were a favorite treat of George Washington, the first U.S.president, who especially liked them cold.Thomas Jefferson, the third U.S.president, was also s fan of the fruit.He planted papaws at his home in Virginia.He also sent pawpaw seeds to his friends in France, American explorers Lewis and Clark wrote in their journals about the pawpaw.The pawpaw is difficult to be sold commercially.The fruit requires a very special environment---low, wet areas that sometimes flood.It has a very short harvest season, from two to three weeks in September and October.In addition, the fruit is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting.This makes it hard to sell anywhere distant from the pawpaw tree it comes from.Planters are again growing pawpaw trees and harvesting the fruit.In several states farmers have organized “pawpaw festivals” to reintroduce people to food.At such a festival in Maryland recently, farmers displayed different products made with pawpaws, like pawpaw jams, pies, ice-cream and beer.16.Many American people do not know that the pawpaw _____ A.Was once popular in the U.S.B.Is native to the U.S.only C.Has become popular again D.Is a healthy fruit 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Many Americans do not know of the fruit, although it is native to the U.S..”可以得出答案。

17.The pawpaw used to be found mainly _____ A.Around Nebraska B.In the eastern U.S.C.All over Florida D.In New York suburbs 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“A pawpaw is a tropical fruit that used to be grown along the East Coast from New York to Florida and all over the eastern U.S.”可以得出答案。

18.George Washington and Thomas Jefferson are mentioned in paragraph 3 as _____ A.American explorers B.Famous politicians C.Early pawpaw planters D.Pawpaw lovers 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Pawpaws reportedly were a favorite treat of George Washington, the first U.S.president, who especially liked them cold.Thomas Jefferson, the third U.S.president, was also s fan of the fruit.”可以得到答案。

19.It is difficult to sell the pawpaw on a large scale for the following reasons EXCPEPT that the fruit _____ A.Requires a very special environment B.Has a very short harvest season C.Does not taste good D.Is difficult to preserve after harvesting 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)文章“The fruit requires a very special environment---low, wet areas that sometimes flood.It has a very short harvest season, from two to three weeks in September and October.In addition, the fruit is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting.This makes it hard to sell anywhere distant from the pawpaw tree it comes from.”可以得到答案。

20.Pawpaw festivals are organized in some states _____ A.As a way of celebrating harvest B.As part of the traditional culture C.To display pawpaw growing techniques D.To reintroduce people to the fruit 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)文章“In several states farmers have organized “pawpaw festivals” to reintroduce people to food.”可以得到答案。

Passage Two Throughout history, humans have suffered from a condition that they have never been able to escape—ageing.Some researchers, however, believe we may be thinking about it in the wrong way.They say we should start treating ageing itself as a disease—one that can be prevented and treated.Their hopes are founded on recent discoveries that suggest biological ageing may be entirely preventable and treatable.From a biological preventive, the body ages at different rates according to genetic and environmental factors.Tiny errors build up in our DNA and our cells begin developing faults that can grow into tissue damage, which leads to ageing and ageing—related diseases.One of the leading figures in human life research, Aubrey De Grey, explains in an interview that their goal is to develop a set of therapies for middle-aged and older people that will leave them physically and mentally equivalent(相當(dāng)?shù)?to someone under the age of 30.“Of course, without wiping their memories,” he adds.But he doesn’t think that is will be possible to stop ageing altogether.He sees a future where “rejuvenation technologies” can be applied to old people in order to revert their cells to what they were like when they were in their youth, buying them extra time.The idea is that someone who is treated at the age of 60 will be biologically reverted to 30.But because the therapies are not permanent fixes.Their cells will end up becoming 60 years old again in another 30 years time.21.By “treating ageing itself as a disease”, some researchers mean _____ A.Aged people are liable to diseases B.Ageing can be dealt with like a disease C.Ageing is a disease hard to cure D.Ageing should be treated carefully 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“They say we should start treating ageing itself as a disease—one that can be prevented and treated.”可以得出答案。

22.Humans age at different rates due to _____ reasons.A.Physical B.Biological C.Genetic and environmental D.DNA and cell-related 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)文章“From a biological preventive, the body ages at different rates according to genetic and environmental factors.”可以得出答案。

23.The goal of De Grey’s research is to _____.A.Freeze people’s age B.Make people younger C.Stop ageing altogether D.Adjust people’s memories 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“One of the leading figures in human life research, Aubrey De Grey, explains in an interview that their goal is to develop a set of therapies for middle-aged and older people that will leave them physically and mentally equivalent to someone under the age of 30.”可以得出答案。

24.What does “rejuvenation”(para.3)possibly mean? A.Relating to cells B.Relating to genes.C.Becoming healthy.D.Becoming young.【答案】D 【解析】rejuvenation一詞的意思為“返老還童”.25.What will happen if someone is treated with De Grey’s technology? A.He will stay young for a longer time B.He will no longer grow old.C.He will live up to at least 60 years old.D.He will not get ageing-related diseases.【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Their cells will end up becoming 60 years old again in another 30 years time.”可以得出答案。

Passage Three

When jack Davis, 9, looks up at the night sky, he doesn’t see just the stars.He sees his future.The fourth grader from New Jersey has a deep interest in outer space and the alien(外星的)beings he thinks might live there.In July, Jack heard that NASA was looking for a new planetary protection officer and decided he was the right person for the job.The position, which focuses on preventing astronauts from accidentally bringing extremely small, potentially dangerous alien life-forms back to Earth and ensuring that astronauts do not take Earth-based germs with them into space, pays from $124,406 to $187,000 per year.Jack wrote a letter to NASA, noting his qualifications for the job.“My sister says I am an alien,” Jack wrote, pointing out that since he is young, he can “l(fā)earn to think like an alien.” He signed the letter “Jack Davis, Guardian of the Galaxy.”

Within days, Jack received a personal letter from NASA’s planetary science director, James L.Green.“We are always looking for bright future scientists and engineers to help us,” Green wrote.”I hope you will study hard and do well in school.We hope to see you here at NASA one of these days!”

Jack said he was “shocked” when Green’s response arrived.“I shouted, I got a letter from NASA!”

Green says he loves to answer letters from children.He calls his response a “gravity assist.” Spacecraft use gravity assistance from objects like planets and moons to help power the craft toward another celestial(天上的)body.Green hopes a reply can influence a person’s path in life in a similar way.26.Which of the following can best describe Jack Davis? A.Mature B.Curious.C.Talented.D.Honest 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“The fourth grader from New Jersey has a deep interest in outer space and the alien(外星的)beings he thinks might live there.”可以得出答案。

27.What is the job responsibility of the planetary protection officer? A.To ensure the mental and physical health of the astronauts B.To protect Earth from possible alien attacks in the future C.To keep harmful substances form spreading between Earth and outer space.D.To study the unknown substances astronauts brought back to Earth 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)文章“The position, which focuses on preventing astronauts from accidentally bringing extremely small, potentially dangerous alien life-forms back to Earth and ensuring that astronauts do not take Earth-based germs with them into space, pays from $124,406 to $187,000 per year.”可以得出答案。

28.In this letter, Jack explains that his strength lies in his _____ A.Personality B.Appearance C.Hobby D.Age 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Jack wrote a letter to NASA, noting his qualifications for the job.“My sister says I am an alien,” Jack wrote, pointing out that since he is young, he can “l(fā)earn to think like an alien.” He signed the letter “Jack Davis, Guardian of the Galaxy.””可以得出安安。

29.In his response to the boy, James Green _____.A.Encourages Jack to be a future NASA scientist B.Invites Jack to visit NASA as soon as possible C.Tells Jack NASA’s requirements for scientists D.Offers to provide training for Jack at NASA 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Within days, Jack received a personal letter from NASA’s planetary science director, James L.Green.“We are always looking for bright future scientists and engineers to help us,” Green wrote.”I hope you will study hard and do well in school.We hope to see you here at NASA one of these days!””可以得出答案。

30.In the last paragraph, the author intends to _____.A.Support Green for using gravity assist in projects.B.Introduce the concept of gravity assist C.Guide young people by giving them a gravity assist D.Explain how Green’s letter serves as a gravity assist 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Green hopes a reply can influence a person’s path in life in a similar way.”可以得出答案。

Passage Four

Online dating has just been revealed to be one of the most common ways to start a relationship.But new research reveals that the concept is still highly flawed(有缺陷的).An analysis of 400 studies into online dating shows that while it offers access to plenty of other singles, users can be overwhelmed and put off by the volume of choice, defeating the purpose.The research, by Northwestern University and published in the journal Psychological Science in the public interest, found that the processes involved don’t lend themselves to forming strong relationships.The findings also indicated that the concept of an online profile(介紹)is not entirely useful and “can result in treating potential partners as mere objects”.Lead author Eli J Finkel explained: “Online dating is a terrific addition for singles to meet.However, there are two problems.” First, studying over seemingly endless lists of profiles of people one does not know, as on Match.com, does not reveal much about them.Second, it “overloads people and they end up shutting down,” he said.He compared it to shopping at “supermarkets of love” and said psychological research shows people presented with too many choices tend to make lazy and often poor decisions.The study’s authors also questioned the algorithms(算法)employed by sites such as eHarmony.com to match people based on their interests or personality—comparing it to having a real estate agent of love.While the algorithm may reduce the number of potential partners from thousands to a few, they may be as unsuitable for each other as two people meeting at random, Dr Finkel explained, adding the chances are no better than finding a relationship by walking into any bar.“There’s no better way to figure out whether you’re a match with somebody than talking to them over a coffee or beer,” Dr Finkel said.31.What is the author’s attitude towards online dating? A.Negative B.Positive C.Indifferent D.Neutral 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)文章“But new research reveals that the concept is still highly flawed”可以得出答案。

32.According to Paragraph 2, online dating _____ A.Attracts a limited number of singles B.Has been widely studied recently C.Is criticized as lacking a purpose D.Offers too many choice 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)文章“An analysis of 400 studies into online dating shows that while it offers access to plenty of other singles, users can be overwhelmed and put off by the volume of choice, defeating the purpose.”可以得出答案。

33.The phrase “l(fā)end themselves to”(Para.3)probably means _____ A.Be opposed to B.Be easily used for C.Be happy with D.Be consistent with 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Psychological Science in the public interest, found that the processes involved don’t lend themselves to forming strong relationships.”可以得出答案。

34.Why is Dr.Finkel mentioned in the passage? A.He is the lead researcher of the study on online dating B.He is a well-know professor at Northwestern University C.He is an expert in analyzing people’s shopping patterns D.He is the president of a famous online matching website 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)文章“Lead author Eli J Finkel explained: “Online dating is a terrific addition for singles to meet.However, there are two problems.””可以得出答案。

35.According to Dr Finkel, what is the best way to find a match? A.An evaluation on the basis of interests and personality.B.An analysis based on proper computer algorithms C.A comparison with other potential partners D.A face-to-face talk with the potential partner 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)文章““There’s no better way to figure out whether you’re a match with somebody than talking to them over a coffee or beer,” Dr Finkel said.”可以得出答案。

Part III Vocabulary and structure(20 points)

Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one that best completes the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSEWR SHEET.36.Fred used to _____ late with his roommates and watch movies.A.stay in B.stay away C.stay up D.stay on 【答案】C 【解析】stay on 繼續(xù)呆在一起。

37.The development of new energy sources _____ to be rewarding.A.turned out B.turned up C.turned back D.turned away 【答案】A 【解析】turn out 結(jié)果證明。

38.Do you really have to be _____ selfish? A.such B.that C.too D.this 【答案】A 【解析】such 如此。

39.I’m sorry to _____ your party;I weren’t in town.A.be missed B.miss C.have missed D.be missing 【答案】B 【解析】be sorry to do sth.對做某事很遺憾、很抱歉。

40.Researchers have spent five years collecting data _____ the study was based.A.on that B.in which C.in that D.on which 【答案】D 【解析】be based on sth.基于……。介詞 + which 引導(dǎo)從句。41.The environment-friendly flan _____ a good example for other companies.A.puts B.makes C.lays D.sets 【答案】D 【解析】set example for為……樹立榜樣。

42.It makes _____ to figure out the situation before taking any action.A.sense B.meaning C.idea D.reason 【答案】A 【解析】make sense to 有意義。

43.Staff have been holding a number of _____ to raise money for charity.A.events B.incidents C.affairs D.cases 【答案】C 【解析】a number of affairs 大量工作、事務(wù)。

44.Spence has finally _____ it to the first rank of students after hard work.A.made B.done C.got D.worked 【答案】A 【解析】make it to be 成為……。

45.She has got _____ from all three top Universities she has applied for.A.promises B.offers C.acceptance D.invitations 【答案】B 【解析】offer 錄取通知書。

46.With all the magazines _____, I left the post office.A.bought B.buying C.to be bought D.to buy 【答案】A 【解析】分詞做定語。

47.The reporter said that the UFO _____ east to west when he saw it.A.traveled B.was traveling C.was to travel D.had been traveling 【答案】B 【解析】整句話的意思為：報道說，他看到UFO的時候，它正從東往西去。48.Which one of his books do you think _____ best among the best-sellers? A.sells B.sell C.is sold D.are sold 【答案】A 【解析】sell 一詞，可以用主動表示被動。

49.He _____ the test, but he wasn’t careful enough.A.must have passed B.should pass C.might pass D.could have passed 【答案】D 【解析】could have done 本來可以……

50.Please let me know _____ you want your coffee, black or white? A.where B.why C.how D.what 【答案】D 【解析】整句話的意思：您喝什么樣的咖啡，黑咖啡還是白咖啡？ 51.Visitors cannot help but _____ the beautiful design of the palace.A.noticing B.noticed C.notice D.to notice 【答案】C 【解析】cannot help but do sth.忍不住……

52.Class sizes are _____ to a maximum of 10 for a better learning experience.A.forced B.limited C.fixed D.bounded 【答案】B 【解析】be limited to 被限制在...53.Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of _____ was hard.A.what B.it C.which D.that 【答案】C 【解析】非限制性定語從句。

54.The government will consider _____ future actions against terrorist bombers.A.taken B.of taking C.to take D.taking 【答案】

【解析】consider of doing sth.考慮做某事。

55.I was just about to leave school _____ I heard the door bell.A.when B.while C.after D.as 【答案】A 【解析】我正要離開學(xué)校的時候聽到了門鈴聲。

56.I don’t think the snow will _____ our plans for a picnic.A.effect B.affect C.differ D.infer 【答案】B 【解析】affect：影響。affect our plans for a picnic：影響我們野餐的計劃。57.Mr.Smith will be _____ the office next week when the manager is away.A.in charge of B.in response C.in relation to D.in place of 【答案】A 【解析】in charge of：負(fù)…的責(zé)任，主管，負(fù)責(zé)管理。in charge of the office：負(fù)責(zé)辦公室的工作。

58.We need _____ information about the climate before we make our decision.A.a few B.few C.a little D.little 【答案】C 【解析】a little：少量。用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞。a few與few修飾可數(shù)名詞。little也用于修飾不可數(shù)名詞，但意思是：幾乎沒有。

59.He warned his students _____ late for the examination next week.A.don’t be B.not be C.not to be D.to be not 【答案】C 【解析】warn sb.(not)to do sth.警告某人(不)要做某事。

60.The plane will take off at 6:00 pm, so I have to be at the airport 4:00 pm at the latest.A.after B.until C.since D.by 【答案】D 【解析】by 4:00表示“在四點之前”。四個選項只有by有這個意思。61.Is there a gas station around _____ I can get some petrol? A.what B.which C.that D.where 【答案】D 【解析】around：附近，周圍。Is there a gas station around：附近有加油站嗎？where引導(dǎo)的是gas station的定語從句。

62.It is always difficult to live in a foreign country, _____ if you don’t speak its language.A.naturally B.extremely C.especially D.basically 【答案】C 【解析】especially：尤其。符合句意。

63.He gives us a lot of trouble-but I like him _____.A.by the way B.all the same C.by and by D.over and over 【答案】B 【解析】all the same：仍然。符合句意。

64.He didn’t go into details on the subject, but just spoke _____ A.in particular B.in general C.in short D.in common 【答案】B 【解析】in general：總體上。與go into details形成對比關(guān)系。

65.Language, maths and history, _____ the children are also taught music and art.A.except for B.instead of C.in addition to D.in spite of 【答案】C 【解析】此題答案為C。in addition to...除...之外，包括在內(nèi)。整句話的意思為：除了語言、數(shù)學(xué)和歷史之外，學(xué)生們也被授以音樂和美術(shù)。66.Lozano claimed that the motorcycle driver was trying to run him _____.A.out B.in C.down D.up 【答案】C 【解析】run down：撞倒。符合句意。

67.We’re had to put _____ our wedding until September.A.forward B.down C.up D.off 【答案】D 【解析】put off：推遲。符合句意。

68.You can buy these maps at _____ railway station.They all have them.A.any B.that C.this D.either 【答案】A 【解析】any：任何一個。any railway station：任何一個火車站。69.Details of the murder were _____ by the local paper.A.discovered B.revealed C.exposed D.found 【答案】B 【解析】reveal：披露，揭露。符合句意。

70.Don’t play with the burning stick, boys, for it often _____ fire.A.catches B.makes C.causes D.gets 【答案】C 【解析】cause fire：引起火災(zāi)。習(xí)慣用法。

71.I’m going to have to find a new apartment _____ soon.A.too B.pretty C.much D.nearly 【答案】B 【解析】pretty soon：很快。固定短語。

72.Humble _____ it may be, there is no place like home.A.as B.although C.that D.how 【答案】A 【解析】本句是as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。as：雖然，盡管。73.No sooner _____ home than it started to rain.A.have we arrived B.did we arrive C.had we arrived D.shall we arrive 【答案】C 【解析】No sooner…than結(jié)構(gòu)中，No sooner后面要用過去完成時。74.Only when she finished all the work _____ be allowed to go home.A.she did B.she would C.did she D.would she 【答案】C 【解析】only+狀語位于句首，句子要倒裝。

75.She came _____ some old photographs in a drawer.A.about B.across C.with D.by 【答案】B 【解析】come across：無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)。Part IV Cloze(10 points)Directions: There are 10 numbered blanks in the following passage.For each blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the one that best completes the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSEWR SHEET.Leaving to go college was my very first time away from home, and it took a lot of adjusting to view 76.I didn’t have my mom right by my side anymore and I needed to become more independent on doing things 77.Adjusting to a new city, community, and school was a 78 because I was used to being in my own city, with my old friends, at my old school.At first 79 I thought about getting out of the house and going to school, I didn’t realize that it would take so much 80.I’m used to having my own room at home, but when I went away to college I had to share a room with a total stranger.We are friends but are 81 different.I had to get used to her TV being on at night, listening to loud music, and 82 bedtime schedules.Although we are different, we have become close friends 83 she is the person that I spend all of my time with.We talk about everything, 84 our belongings, and help each other out.It is 85 to believe that I am so close to a person that was a total stranger less than two months ago.76.A.things B.circumstances C.matters D.surroundings 【答案】D 【解析】surroundings：環(huán)境，周圍的事物。

77.A.in my way B.on my own C.on purpose D.in case 【答案】B 【解析】on one’s own：獨立的，自主的。78.A.challenge B.turn C.struggle D.fight 【答案】A 【解析】challenge：挑戰(zhàn)，符合句意。79.A.what B.how C.when D.where 【答案】C 【解析】when：當(dāng)…的時候。符合句意。

80.A.adjusting B.adopting C.patience D.time 【答案】A 【解析】adjusting：調(diào)整，適應(yīng)。符合句意。81.A.especially B.totally C.thus D.far 【答案】B 【解析】totally：完全地。totally different：完全不同。82.A.same B.agreeable C.different D.suitable 【答案】C 【解析】different：不同的。修飾bedtime schedules。83.A.unless B.however C.but D.because 【答案】D 【解析】because表示原因，符合句意。84.A.move B.get C.share D.take 【答案】C 【解析】share：分享。belongings：所有物。85.A.strange B.hard C.nice D.easy 【答案】B 【解析】hard：困難的。符合句意。Part V Writing(15 points)

Directions: Write an essay in about 120 words on the topic of “What would I wish something for somebody else”.You should base your composition on the Chinese outline given below.Write your essay on the ANWSER SHEET.如果讓你幫某人實現(xiàn)一個愿望，你會許什么愿望，你最希望幫助誰？

【寫作思路】建議依據(jù)寫作提示進(jìn)行展開。例如：可以許愿幫助一名失學(xué)兒童（a child who has dropped out of school）；重返校園（return to campus）;因為“每個人都有受教育的權(quán)利（Everyone has the right to receive education.）”；孩子是祖國的未來（Children are the future of our motherland.）；知識就是力量“Knowledge is power.”

第三篇：2014年在職研究生英語考試真題

2014年真題

Part I Oral Communication(10 points)

Section A

Directions:In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has

three blanks and three choices A,B and C, takenfrom the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue andmark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue One

A.They had been in there for about 5 minutes

B.It's theother man I'm talking about

C.I thought you said there were three men

Burney: There were two men, I think.No, three.They ran into the bank and the one with thegun，the tall one, he runs up to the window, and starts shouting something, I don't know, “Give me all your money” and the other one-Police officer:_____1______?

Burney: No, there were two men and a girl._____2_____the one carrying the suitcase,well, he goes up to the other guy-Police officer: The one with the gun?

Burney: Yes, and he opens the suitcase and the cashier, well, shethey hand over piles of money and two men put it into the suitcase and they run out.It was l:35.________3______ Dialogue Two

A.Ilike a goodstory

B.They still make movies like that

C.People today don't like that

Speaker A: I like watching old l movies and I think they are the best.Speaker B: I agree with you, eventhough they're in black and white.I think a good story is more important than color.Speaker A: And there was no violence in old movies.Speaker B: No, there wasn't._______4_______

Speaker A: They like lots of action.Speaker B:_____5______

Speaker A:I like to see actors who are like real people.Speaker B:Like real people with real problems.Speaker A:___6____

Speaker B: Yes, but they never make much money.Section B

Directions: In this section there is one incomplete interview which hasfour blanks and four choices A, B, C and D, taken from the interview.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A.I do a lot of research on the Internet too

B.I document everything

C.Of course they mail their friends endlessly

D.I do a lot of my shopping on the net now

Interviewer:Ms.Chen, can you tell us which pieces of technology are important to you?

Interviewee: Three things: my Sharp laptop;myiphone5;and my Olympus digital camera.____7____: the kids, art, buildings, clothes, scenes that catch myeye as I walk past.Interviewer:What do you use your computer for? Interviewee: Well, I send emails all the time.But I do a lot of my design work on screennow and I can send my ideas straight to directors and producers._____8______-there are some fantastic sites around now.Interviewer: Who uses the computer at home?

Interviewee: The kids use the computer all the time at home._____9_____than in the past.Cheating appears to have gainedacceptance among good and poor students alike.Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows.Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today's youth.Others have attributedincreased cheating to the fact that today's youth are far more pragmatic（實用主義的）than their more idealistic predecessors.Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies，students were filled with visions about changing the world，today’s students feel greatpressure to conform and succeed.In interviews with students at high schools andcolleges around the country, both young men and women said that cheating had becomeeasy.Some suggested they did it out of spite for teachers they did not respect.Others looked at it as a game.Only if they were caught, some said, would they feel guilty.“People are competitive,” said a second-yearcollege student named Anna, fromChicago.There's an underlying fear.If you don't do well, your life is going to be ruined.The pressure is not only form parents and friends but from oneself.To achieve.To succeed.It’s almost as though we have to outdo other people to achieve our own goals，Edward Wynne , a magazine editor ,blames the rise in academic dishonesty on the schools.He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action.Dwight Huber ,chairman of the English department at Amarillo.sees the matterdifferently, blaming the rise in cheating on the way students are evaluated.“I wouldcheat if I felt I was being cheated,” Mr.Huber said.He feels that as long as teachers gives short-answer testsrather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can put information together,students will try to beat the system.“The concept of cheating is based on the false assumption that the system is legitimate and there is something wrong withthe individual who are doing it,” he said.“That's too easy an answer.We've got to start looking at the system.” 26.Educators are finding that students who cheat_______.A.are not only those academically weak

B.tend to be dishonest in later years

C.are more likely to be punished than before

D.have poor academic records

27.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?

A.Reform in the testing system will eliminate cheating.B.Punishment is an effective method to stop cheating..C.Students' cheating has deep social roots.D.Students do not cheat on essay tests.28.Which of the following points of view would Mr.Huberagree with ?

A.Cheating would be reduced through an educational reform.B.Students who cheat should be expelled from school.C.Punishment for cheaters should be severe in this country.D.Parents must take responsibility for the rise in cheating.29.The expression “the individuals”(the last paragraph)refers to ________

A.school administrators

B.students who cheat

C.parents

D.teachers 30.The passage mainly discusses_______

A: ways to eliminate academic dishonesty

B: factors leading to academic dishonesty

C: the decline of moral standards of today's youth

D: people's tolerance of students' cheating

Passage Three

Last week, I read a story about a 34-year-old British woman who is extremely afraid of metal forks.She's been using plastic ones for 17 years because the sound of a fork rubbing against a plate g:ives her a panic attack.Strange, right? But she's not alone.While popular phobias(恐懼癥)about snakes and spiders might get all of the attention, there are a wide variety of not-so-obvious horrors that make people nervous.While some phobias might seem a bit silly, they can cause serious emotional distress.My co-worker Magda is terrified of pigeons, a phobia that is taking over her life.She won't walk in certain parts of the city and runs screaming from the subway when one of these “rats with wings” finds its way onto the platform.Another friend isdisgusted with cheese.Once I saw her run away from a slice of it.So where does anirrational fear of cheese come from?

Are phobias something we inherit from our genes or do we acquire these unusualanxieties over time?

Ever since I can remember I have been unreasonably frightened of elevators.Therewas no terrible childhood experience and I am fine with confined spaces, but something about elevators makes me nervous.And so, when my boyfriend and I found ourselvestrapped in an elevator last yearit wasn't all that bad.Nervous and inconvenient maybe, butterrifying? Not so much.Liberating yourself from a deep-seated phobia can be a long and difficult process,but sometimes it can be as simple as confronting it head on.31.The 34-year-old British woman is extremelyafraid of metal forks because

A.she has never used them before

B.she has been injured by them before

C.she couldn't bear their sound on plate

D.she is afraid that they may hurt her

32.The phrase “rats with wings”(Para.3)refers to______

A.strange birdsB.pigeons

C.devilsD.exotic rats

33.The author's fear of elevators is the result of_______

A.her phobia for no reason

B.her nervousness of being alone

C.her dislike of being in closed spaces

D.her terrible experience

34.After the fear subsided, the author realized that______

A.her boyfriend's help was important

B.she could have had a good time with her boyfriend

C.an elevator ride could be exciting

D.it was not as horrible as she had thought

35.The purpose for the author to share her experience is to_______

A.illustrate conquering a fear can be difficult

B.encourage people to overcome their fears

C.introduce what strange fears people have

D.explain why people have strange fears Passage Four

The American public's obsession with dieting has led to one of the most dangeroushealth misconceptions of all times.Many television ads, movies, magazine articles, anddiet-food product labels would have consumers believe that carbohydrates(碳水化合物)are bad for the human body and that those who eat them will quickly becomeoverweight.We are advised to avoid foods such as potatoes, rice and white bread andopt for meats and vegetables instead.Some companies promote this idea to encourageconsumers to buy their “carb-free” food products.But the truth is, the human bodyneeds carbohydrates to function properly, and a body that relies on carbohydrates but isexhausted of thisdietary element is not in good shape after all.Most foods that we consume on a daily basis like potatoes and rice are loaded withcarbohydrates.Contrary to popular belief, carbohydrates have many health benefitssome fight diseases such as high blood pressure and heart disease, and others help toprevent cancer and stroke.Cutting these foods out of your diet may deprive your bodyof the many health benefits of carbohydrates.One of the best benefits of carbohydrates is their ability to help to maintain the health of our organs, tissues, and cells.Scientific studies have shown that one type of carbohydrate called fiber reduces the risk of heart disease.Carbohydrates also contain

antioxidants(抗氧化劑), which protect the body's cells from harmful particles with thepotential to cause cancer.This does not mean that the human body can survive on a diet composed entirely ofcarbohydrates.We also need certain percentages of proteins and fats to maintain healthybodies.But carbohydrates certainly should not be avoided altogether.In fact, the foodpyramid, the recommended basis of a healthy diet, shows that a person should consumesix to eleven servings of breads and grains, as well as three to four servings each offruits and vegetablesthey take place at home.Comment 1:

Basically the choice is whether one wants to let kids to be kids.Persistent parentalinvolvement and constantly communicating to the kids on what the parents wantconsciously or unconsciously would help the kids grow up or think like the parentssooner than otherwise.Comment 2:

It also depends on the kid.Emotional and social maturityhave a lot to do withsuccess in college and in life.Some kids may have the brains and are bored by highschool, but that doesn't mean they are ready for college or the work place.Comment 3:

The article doesn't clearly define “helping,” but I understood it as actually assistingchildren in the exercises(e.g.helping them to solve a math problem)and/or reviewingtheir work for accuracy rather than simply making sure they've completed their work.Ithink the latter is more helpful than the former.I would also certainly hope that no studywould discourage parents from monitoring their children's performance!

41.The word “they”(Para.l)refers to.A.studies

B.principles

C.values

D.obligations

42.What is the main conclusion of the Robinson and Harris’s study?

A.The kids of more-involved parents improve over time.B.Parental involvement may not necessarily benefit children.C.Parental involvement works better with low-achievers.D.Schools should communicate with parents regularly.43.Comment1 suggests that

A.parents should leave their children alone

B.kids should be kids after all

C.parents may influence children's thinking

D.persistent parental involvement is a must

44.The writer of Comment 2 would probably agree that

A.high intelligence does not guarantee success

B.getting ready for college is an emotional process

C.social maturity is sufficient to achieve success in life

D.high school is often boring in the U.S.45.Which of the following parental helps will the writer of Comment 3 consider proper?

A.Reviewing kids' homework for accuracy.B.Monitoring kids' class performance.C.Assisting kids in their exercises.D.Making sure kids have finished their work

Part IV Cloze(10 points)

Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks.For each blank thereare four choices marked, A, B, C,and D.Choose the bestanswerfor each blankand mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Ironically, a study finds that we’re awful gift-givers precisely because we spend too much time trying to be considerate.We imagine our friends 46 a gift that is impressive,expensive,and sentimental.We imagine the look of happinessand surprise on their faces and the warmth we feel.47.But there’s something thatthe most sentimental-gift-givers tend not to think too much about: 48 the gift is practical in the first place.49 , practicality seems like an enemy of great gift giving.Beautiful jewelry, lovely watches, perfect rugs, finely crafted kitchen hardware: These things50great gifts because they communicate something beyond practicality.Theycommunicate that the giver cares.But do the receivers care? Often,no.“Gift receivers would be 51 ifgivers gave them exactly what they requested 52.attemptingto be'thoughtful and considerate' by buying gifts they did not explicitly request” to surprisethem, the researchers write.Their clever paper asks givers and receivers to 53 gifts from two perspectives: desirability(e.g.the cost of a coffee maker)and feasibility(e.g.the 54 of the coffee maker).Across several experiments, theyfind that givers consistently give gifts based on desirability and receivers 55 favor gifts based on feasibility.46.A.to open B.opening C.have opened D.opened

47.A.in person B.in turn C.in place D.in return

48.A.Whether B.When C.Why D.How

49.A.To be sure B.To sum up C.In many ways D.In many cases

50.A.work out B.lead to C.make for D.take up

51.A.happier B.more surprised C.happy D.surprised

52.A.regardless of B.rather than C.as toD.but for

53.A.decide B.classify C.select D.measure

54.A.look B.quality C.nevertheless D.ease

55.A.unexpectedly B.whereas C.nevertheless D.continuously

Part V Text Completion(20 points)

Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging

from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted.First, usethe choices provided in the box to complete thephrases.Second, use the completed phrasesto fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text One

A.accelerate B.otherwise C.between D.imitate

Phrases:

A.would be difficult to 56

B.from 57 its feathers

C.enabling the bird to 58

D.it 59 could 46.A.to open B.opening C.have opened D.opened

47.A.in person B.in turn C.in place D.in return

48.A.Whether B.When C.Why D.How

49.A.To be sure B.To sum up C.In many ways D.In many cases

50.A.work out B.lead to C.make for D.take up

51.A.happier B.more surprised C.happy D.surprised

52.A.regardless of B.rather than C.as toD.but for

53.A.decide B.classify C.select D.measure

54.A.look B.quality C.nevertheless D.ease

55.A.unexpectedly B.whereas C.nevertheless D.continuously

Part V Text Completion(20 points)

Directions: In this part, there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions(Ranging

from 56 to75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to becompleted.First, usethe choices provided in the box to complete thephrases.Second, use the completed phrasesto fill in the blanks of the text.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Text One

A.accelerate B.otherwise C.between D.imitate

Phrases:

A.would be difficult to 56

B.from 57 its feathers

C.enabling the bird to 58

D.it 59 could The emperor penguin traps air in its feathers.Not only does this insulate thebird against extreme cold but it also enables it to move two or three times fasterthan60How? Marine biologists have suggested that it does so byreleasing tiny air bubbles 61.As these bubbles are released, the reduce friction on the surface of the penguin's wings, 62.Interestingly, engineers have been studying ways to make ships go faster byusing bubbles to reduce friction against their hulls(船身).However, researchersacknowledge that further investigation is challenging because “the complexity ofpenguin’s wings 63

Text Two

A.beyond B.as well as C.sending

Phrases:

A.64 the wages of average families

B.65 young people to college

C.66 the reach ofmostAmericans

A research group in California has released a ”national report cardon highereducation.“ The report says the price of college has increased more than four hundred percent since 1982.Costs have climbed much faster than other pricesthat new technology will eventually create as many jobs as it destroys.But futurologist Hymen Seymour says the astonishing efficiency of the new technology means there will be a simple net reduction in the amount of human labor that needs to be done.”We should treat this as an opportunity to give people more leisure.It may not be easy, but society will have to reach a new agreement on the division and distribution of labor” Seymour says.Part VII Writing(15 points)

Directions: Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic:A Way to Success.Read the following article in Chinese, then write according to the outline given below.Write yourcomposition on the Answer Sheet.大學(xué)畢業(yè)時，小劉決定不找工作，他默默地從事起了網(wǎng)絡(luò)翻譯工作。當(dāng)時幾乎沒有人看好他，大家認(rèn)為，大學(xué)剛畢業(yè)，最好找一個好單位，學(xué)點本領(lǐng)、積累點經(jīng)驗，然后才能有好出路。

5年時間過去了，雖然我們很多人畢業(yè)時都信誓旦旦地說，一旦在單位里學(xué)到本領(lǐng)，積累夠經(jīng)驗，就出去打拼一番屬于自己的事業(yè)，但大多數(shù)人在單位這個避風(fēng)港里，已經(jīng)失去了面對大風(fēng)浪和新環(huán)境的勇氣，辭職創(chuàng)業(yè)逐漸成了空談。可小劉已經(jīng)開了公司，成為了一名成功的企業(yè)主。

在一次同學(xué)會上，小劉說出了他的“秘密”。他說： “成功往往取決于你敢不敢往人少的地方走。這可能會有風(fēng)險，但因為沒人或很少有人走過，留給你的可能是碩果累累。走別人開辟的老路，雖然看起來很安全，但因為走的人太多，財富與資源大多已被人占有。即使幸運地發(fā)現(xiàn)了一小部分，也必然會被蜂擁而至的人群爭搶與瓜分。”

1．根據(jù)以上文章寫一篇讀后感；

2．你如何看待小劉的成功之道；

3．關(guān)于成功你有什么經(jīng)驗和建議？

2014 年同等學(xué)力真題答案

Dialogue

1-3 C B A

4-6 C A B

7-10 B A C D

Vocabulary-15 B B C D C

16-20 C A A D C

Reading Comprehension

Passage one B D D C C

Passage two A C A B B

Passage three C B A D B

Passage four B C A B B

Passage five D B C A D Cloze

45-50 B D A A C

51-55 A B C B D

Text Completion

Text one

56-59 D C A B

60-63 D B C A

Text Two

64-66 B C A

67-69 A C B

Text Three

70-72 A C B

73-75 A C B Translation

失業(yè)問題所造成的社會成本遠(yuǎn)非政府發(fā)放福利和失業(yè)救濟(jì)就能解決。據(jù)一項聯(lián)邦調(diào)查顯示，失業(yè)會加劇離婚的風(fēng)險，也會增加虐待兒童或酗酒等問題。有些專家聲稱這一問題只是暫時的---也就是說，新技術(shù)會帶來失業(yè)，但也會最終創(chuàng)造出相應(yīng)的就業(yè)機(jī)會。但是未來學(xué)家海門?賽莫說，新技術(shù)帶來的非凡效率就意味著我們需要的勞動力會必然的減少。“我們應(yīng)該將其視為一次享受更多休閑時光的機(jī)會。也許這一切并沒那么容易接受，但社會最終會在勞動力的分類和分配方面達(dá)成協(xié)調(diào)，”賽莫如是說。

Writing(略)2014同等學(xué)力申碩英語作文范文

As is clearly shown in the story, Xiao Liu chose a different way from his classmates after graduate and got a different story.Xiao Liu succeeded finally while most of others lived in an ordinary life and loose the encouragement to face huge challenge.Nowadays the way to success has aroused immediate concern and widespread discussion among the general public.From Xiao Liu’s experience, we can draw a conclusion that sometimes choosing a road seldom chosen by other people could increase the chance of success.On one hand, it can be reasonably argued that there will be more chance if we choose a different way to work or live.If we just do as what others do, then there will not be much wealth or resources left for us to take use of.In this case, the chance to success won’t be too much.On the other hand, however, there will be risks existing the same time.The reason why seldom people choose the way may be that it is not a correct way to success, and the people who choose it may face the risk of failure.I strongly believe that we can do as what XiaoLiu does but need to estimate the risk first.In the process of my growth, I have a lot of successful experience.In my opinion, there are many factors needed for success.The first one that comes to my mind readily is that knowledge and skills.They are the basic factors and one can’t get success without them.What's more, effort and spirit of persisting are important key factors to success.No success can come easily and there are many examples that people give up in the half way.We need put all effort and stick to it then we could achieve the goal.

第四篇：2016職稱英語考試真題及答案

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第1部分：詞匯選項(第1～15題，每題l分，共15分)

下面每個句子中均有1個詞或者短語有下劃線，請為每處下劃線部分確定1個意義最為接近的選項。

1、Have you talked to her?lately?

A.lastly

B.finally

C.shortly

D.recently

2、About?one quarter of?the workers in the country are employed in factories.A.third

B.fourth

C.tenth

D.fifteenth

3、The dentist has decided to?extract?her bad tooth.A.take out

B.repair

C.push in

D.dig

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13、He is?certain?that the dictionary is just what I want.A.sure B.angry C.doubtful D.worried

14、Our lives are?intimately?bound up with theirs.A.tensely B.nearly C.carefully D.closely

15、The soldier?displayed?remarkable courage in the battle.A.placed B.showed C.pointed D.decided

第2部分：閱讀判斷(第16—22題，每題1分，共7分)

下面的短文后列出了7個句子，請根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A;如果該句提供的是錯誤信患，請選擇B;如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

回答16-22題：

Easy Learning

Students should be jealous.Not only do babies get to doze their days away, but they’ve also mastered the fine art of learning in their sleep.By the time babies are a year old they can recognise a lot of sounds and even simple words.Marie Cheour at the University of Turku in Finland suspected that they might progress this fast because they learn language while they sleep as well as when they are awake.To test the theory, Cheour and her colleagues studied 45 newborn babies in the first few days of their lives.They exposed all the infants to an hour of Finnish vowel sounds—one that sounds like “oo”, another like “ee” and a third boundary vowel peculiar to Finnish and similar languages that sounds like something in between.EEG recordings of the infants brains before and after the session showed that the newborns could not distinguish the sounds.Fifteen of the babies then went back with their mothers, while the rest were split into two sleep-study groups.One group was exposed throughout their night-time sleeping hours to the same three vowels, while the others listened to other, easier-to-distinguish vowel sounds.When tested in the morning, and again in the evening, the babies who’d heard the tricky boundary vowel all night showed brainwave activity indicating that they could now recognise this new sound.They could identify the sound even when its pitch was changed, while none of the other babies could pick up the boundary vowel at all.Cheour doesn’t know how babies accomplish this night-time learning, but she suspects that the special ability might indicate that unlike adults, babies don’t “turn off” their cerebral cortex while they sleep.The skill probably fades in the course of the first year of life, she adds—so forget

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下面的短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個最佳標(biāo)題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中為每個句子確定1個最佳選項。

回答23-30題：

Screen Test

Every year millions of women are screened with X-rays to pick up signs of breast cancer.If this happens early ecough, the disease can often be treated successfully.According to a survey published last year, 21 countries have screening programmes.Nine of them, including Australia, Canada, the US and Spain, screen women under 50.But the medical benefit of screening these younger women are controversial, partly because the radiation brings a small risk of inducing cancer.Also, younger women must be given higher doses of X-rays because their breast tissue is denser.Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics.After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause.The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board(NRPB)predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal.The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led, to a lower figure of 20 cancers.The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated.The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened.But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation.The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimise the technique” for breast cancer screening.“There is a trade-off between the diagnostic benefits of breast screening and its risks.” admits Michael Clark of the NRP

B.But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution.“On the basis of the current data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life.That’s why radiation exposure should be minimised in any screening programme.”

Paragraph 2_____

24、Paragraph 3_____

25、Paragraph 4_____

26、Paragraph 5_____

A.Harm Screening May Do to a Younger Woman

B.Investigating the Effect of Screening

C.Effects Predicted by Two Different Models

D.Small Risk of Inducing Cancers from Radiation

E.Treatment of Cancers

F.Factors That Trigger Cancers

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In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything.Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.There is special psychology of bargain hunting.To save money, 0f course,most people search for sales, low prices and discounts.Compulsive bargain hunters, however,often buy things they don't need just only because they are cheap.They believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game: when they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winners.Most people, experts claim,have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for things that they do and the real one.Of course, it is not only scientists who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also business people.Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business:they consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic value, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.Psychologists can often use a method called “behavior therapy” to help individuals solve their personality problems.In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.The word “compulsive”(Line 2, Para.1)probably-means__________.A.necessary

B.compulsory

C.complicated

D.fearful

32、According to the passage, the greatest pleasure of crazy shopping for a compulsive spender is__________.A.to get things they want

B.to meet their strong psychological need

C.to spend a lot of money

D.to meet their basic needs

33、According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters constantly search for the lowest possible prices __________.A.because they feel satisfied if they spend less moneythan others

B.because they have money problem

C.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money

D.because they want to save money to help their budget

34、According to the passage, which of the following is true?__________.A.All people only buy things they need.B.Both business people and advertisers increase sales through using psychology.C.Scientists understand psychology better than business people.D.Compulsive spenders can never get any help to solve their problems.with money.35、What does the passage mainly discuss?__________.A.The use of the psychology of spending money in business.B.A special psychology of bargaining.C.A method to help compulsive spenders to solve the problem of money.D.The psychology of money-spending habits.36、回答36-50題：

Lifetime Employment in Japanese Companies

In most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment.What this means

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The story of man's dream of flight, of his desire to reach the stars, is as old as mankind itself.According to Greek legend, Daedalus was the first man to fly.He and his son had been kept on an island.In order to escape, Daedalus shaped wings of wax(2)into which he stuck bird feathers.During their flight, his son flew too high and the sun melted the wax.He was drowned in the sea.The father was supposed to have continued his flight and reached Sicily, several hundred miles away.There is also an English legend of King Bladud who, during his rule in the ninth century

B.C., used wings to fly.But his flight was short-lived and he fell to his death.The dream of flying continued, but in all the legends, the flier rose like a bird only to fall like a stone.It took hundreds of years that men flew up into the air and returned to earth safely.The first man to approach flying on a scientific basis was an Englishman who lived during the thirteenth century.He looked at the air about us as a sea, and he believed that a balloon could float on the air just as a boat did on water.Almost four hundred years later, an Italian priest applied his principle of air flight.He designed a boat, which would be held in the air by four hollow spheres(空心球).ach of the four balls was to be 20 feet in diameter(直徑)and made of very thin copper.But his boat was never built since it was not possible to make spheres of such thin metal and such size in those days.After studying the flight of birds and the movement of the air, a great scientist of the fifteenth century concluded that birds flew because they flapped(擺動)their wings and that it was possible for man to do the same.So a kind of flapping-wing flying machine was invented.Many men tried and failed to fly with flying machines.It was not until 1890 that people discovered why this method would never succeed-man could not develop sufficient power with his arms and legs.How did Daedalus manage to escape to Sicily, according to the passage?

A.He killed the guards and got out of the island.B.A god came to rescue him and took him away.C.His son came to rescue him and took him away.D.He made wings of wax and flew away from the island.42、According to the English legend, King Bladud lost his life because__________.A.he flew too far.B.he flew too high.C.he fell to the ground，D.he was hit by a stone.43、The first scientific air flight was designed by__________.A.a Greek.B.an Englishman.C.a Chinese.D.an Italian.44、The priest failed to build the boat because__________.A.he could not raise enough money.B.his design was not scientific.C.he could not find enough copper.D.copper spheres could not be made as designed

45、According to the last paragraph, man could not fly with flapping-wing flying machines

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themselves.__________(49)

Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools Which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning before they could begin to build.__________(50)You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere.Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to be overcome.A.The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape have made them less likely to fall into ruin.B.It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preserved.C.The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place.D.Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used.E.Many people were killed while building the pyramids.F.They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems likely that they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet.________

47、________

48、________

49、________ 50、________

第6部分：完形填空(第51-65題，每題1分，共15分)

下面的短文有15處空白，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個最佳選項。

回答51-65題：

Transportation

For many years in the desert, camels Used to be the only form of transportation(運輸).Before the(51)of modern trains, camel trains used to carry all the goods for trading between Central Africa and Europe.Traders sometimes(52)to put together camel trains with 10,000 to 15,000 animals.Each animal often carried(53)400 pounds and could travel twenty miles a day.This form of transportation was so important that camels were called the “ships of the(54).”

Now modern trains travel across the desert in a very(55)time.One engine can pull as much weight as 135,000(56).In addition, trains use special cars for their load.Refrigerator cars carry food;boxcars carry heavy goods;stock cars carry animals;and tank cars carry oil.Air travel has changed, too.The earliest planes were biplanes(雙翼飛機(jī)), with(57)sets of wings.The top speed of this plane was 60 miles per hour.The pilots used to sit or lie on the wings in the open air.The plane(58)sometimes stopped in the middle of a trip.It used to be(59)to fly in bad weather.In snow or in rain, the wings frequently became icy.Then the plane might go down.Mechanical improvements during the First World War changed airplanes.Monoplanes(單翼飛機(jī))took the(60)of biplanes.Pilots flew inside of covered cabins.Still, even these planes were small and expensive.Only(61)people were be able to travel in airplanes.Now modern jets make air travel possible for all people.No place in the world is more than

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A.probable B.possible C.improbable D.impossible 60、A.seat B.pace C.place D.vacancy 61、A.technical B.rich C.those D.professional 62、A.got rid of B.raised C.avoided D.lowered 63、A.much B.so C.very D.such 64、A.sometimes B.occasionally C.neither D.never 65、A.But B.So C.Now D.However 更多內(nèi)容請登陸天宇考王官網(wǎng)查看

第五篇：電子科技大學(xué)研究生歷年學(xué)位英語考試試題及答案

2004年1月研究生英語學(xué)位課統(tǒng)考真題講解

第二部分 詞匯

Section A

21.(D)該句意為：盡管這些農(nóng)民勤勞，拼命干活，但由于閉塞，當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)十分落后。

industrious: adj.勤勞的capable:adj.有能力的ingenious: adj.新穎的，獨創(chuàng)的innovative: adj.創(chuàng)新的，革新的hard-working: adj.能干的，辛苦的22.(A)該句意為：由于婦女運動進(jìn)行的斗爭，許多婦女找到了好工作。

put up: v.(carry on): 進(jìn)行initiate: v.策劃，發(fā)動，倡議

propose: v.建議support: v.支持，贍養(yǎng)terminate: v.中止，結(jié)束

23.(B)該句意為：這些新雇員的工作表現(xiàn)突出了樂觀思維的作用。

highlight: v.強(qiáng)調(diào)，突出confirm: v.證實，確認(rèn)emphasize: v.重視；強(qiáng)調(diào)

enhance: v.加強(qiáng)enlighten: v.啟蒙，指導(dǎo)，教育

24.(A)該句意為：這張由人體造型編成的旗幟的照片驚人的美麗，我們?nèi)胰遂o靜地站著看了它一分種。amazingly: adv.驚人地surprisingly: adv.驚人地indescribably: adv.無法描述地

permanently: adv.永久地uniquely: adv.獨一無二地

25.(A)該句意為：加強(qiáng)情報收集工作的決定有望減少部隊傷亡。

intelligence: n.信息，情報intellect: n.智力

26.(B)該句意為：在我看來，圣.弗朗西斯是虔誠合奉獻(xiàn)融合一體的象征。

blend: n.混合物composition:n.作曲，作文，構(gòu)成mixture: n.混合elaboration: n.詳細(xì)論述speculation: n.投機(jī)；思考

27.(C)該句意為：這些發(fā)現(xiàn)被發(fā)表之后，幾個州在重新思考開設(shè)訓(xùn)練營的計劃。

in the wake of: prep.緊隨，在…之后precede: v.在…之前target at: v.目標(biāo)是

28.(D)該句意為：對該工程投入的巨資沒能產(chǎn)生預(yù)想的效果。

staggering: adj.走路不穩(wěn)的，驚人的fluctuating: adj.起伏不定的increasing: adj.增加的diminishing: adj.減少的overwhelming: adj.巨大的，征服性的29.(B)該句意為：這件事使我對死亡、生命和人類進(jìn)行了思考并最終幫我度過了難關(guān)。

ultimately: adv.最后，后來decisively: adv.果斷地eventually: adv.后來

somewhat: adv.有點兒，略微somehow: adv.莫名其妙地

30.(C)該句意為：這時，她首先想到的是大禍臨頭。

around the corner:馬上到come to an end: 結(jié)束in the air: 懸而未決out of the question: 不可能的 Section B

31.(B)該句意為：你的孩子是否擔(dān)心要無愧于你的英雄形象是有壓力的？

come up with:想出，提出live up to: 達(dá)到，不辜負(fù)catch up on: 完成add up to: 合計

32.(A)該句意為：在最艱難的時候，你要利用出現(xiàn)的一切美好的東西。

come along: 跟隨，出現(xiàn)（不及物）come by: 得到come across: 偶然遇到come to: 蘇醒；逐漸…

33.(D)該句意為：老板看什么都不順眼，而且專橫跋扈；商討事情時一個人唱主角，不理會不同的意見。facilitate: v.有助于，促進(jìn)illustrate: v.闡明，解釋illuminate: v.照明dominate: v.占主導(dǎo)地位

34.(B)該句意為：安德森伸出雙臂來躲避攻擊，但鯊魚咬住他的右前臂后向水下游去。

turn off: 關(guān)上；使…厭煩ward off: 避開trigger off: 誘發(fā)call off: 取消

35.(D)該句意為：她精通英語，這使她能自如地與國外同事交談。

standard: n.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，水平criterion: n.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)evaluation: n.評價command: n.命令；（語言）水平

36.(D)該句意為：大學(xué)無法接受所有具備基本資格的年輕人，所以上大學(xué)需要競爭。

admiration: n.羨慕；欣賞approach:n.靠近，方式admission: n.進(jìn)入,錄取assignment: n.任務(wù)；作業(yè)

37.(C)該句意為：直升機(jī)迅速開往“神舟”5號著陸的地方，對中國首位宇航員實施求助。

touch down: 著陸turn down: 拒絕settle down: 安家shoot down: 擊落

38.(A)該句意為：中國人已取得很大成就，但困難和艱險將長期存在。

這四個詞都有“忍受”之意，但endure還有“存在”的意思。

39.(C)該句意為：這種任務(wù)擺脫精神壓力就會健康的觀點不再適用，原因是我們工作十分緊張。作為不及物動詞，hold有“說得通或站得住腳”的含義。

40.(B)該句意為：人造革的手包被認(rèn)為是過時的，而且質(zhì)量差。

systematic: adj.系統(tǒng)的synthetic: adj.合成的sympathetic: adj.同期的statistic: adj.統(tǒng)計的 第三部分 完形填空

41.(C)有些人特意選擇學(xué)習(xí)一些和新的工作有關(guān)的課程以便能夠換一個新的職業(yè)。

separately: 個別地spiritually: 在精神上地

specifically: 特意socially: 善于交際地

42.(A)上夜校使一個非常好的途徑，使我們能夠更新技能或者獲得新的技能。

update: 更新uprise: 升起，起義uproot: 根除uphold: 支持

43.(D)在有些情況下，一開始是因為愛好而學(xué)，結(jié)果都變成了自己的職業(yè)。

term: 期限，條款occasion: 時機(jī)consequence: 后果case: 情況

44.(B)Jory不僅在夜校學(xué)歷所有的攝影技術(shù)課，她還碰到了另外一些熱心攝影的人，她意識的這是一個極好的合作機(jī)會。perspire: 出汗，滲出aspiring: 熱心的，有抱負(fù)的expiring: 期滿的，終止了的45.(C)specialty: 專業(yè)phase: 階段

46.(B)結(jié)果我們共同舉辦了一次世紀(jì)攝影展。

give in: 屈服，讓步end up: 結(jié)果cease to: 停止result from: 由于

47.(C)最后Jory辭掉了原來的工作，現(xiàn)在她已經(jīng)是一位專業(yè)時裝與人物攝影師了。

qualification: 資格，條件portrait: 肖像，人像

48.(A)但是，無論是誰為了一個特定的目的去選修夜校的課，在注冊之前一定要弄清楚這門課是否能夠給你帶來你期望的結(jié)果。deliver: 遞送；陳述；發(fā)表delight: 使高興detect: 發(fā)覺

49.(D)事前要做一些調(diào)查研究。in advance: 事先

50.(D)要確保你學(xué)的課程與你的預(yù)期結(jié)果一致，并確定你所學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)校在這方面是高水準(zhǔn)的。redundant: 多余的reserved: 保留的resolved: 有決心的relevant: 相關(guān)的第四部分 閱讀理解

第一篇

本文講述了電視和廣播給人們生活帶來的負(fù)面影響之一：電視和廣播的出現(xiàn)使人們很少自己唱歌和演奏樂器了。作者分析了這種現(xiàn)象的兩個原因：一是人的惰性。有了電視和廣播里專業(yè)演員的歌唱和演奏，人們就懶得自己去唱或演奏了；二是人們害羞的天性。當(dāng)我們聽到專業(yè)演員唱得那么好，自己就羞于開口了。作者回憶了兒時母親為他們唱歌和朗讀給他們帶來的快樂，并指出人們還是應(yīng)該多參與像卡拉OK這樣的自娛自樂的活動。

51.(B)

第二段作者說：一百年前當(dāng)電視和廣播還沒有被發(fā)明出來的時候，如果一個人想要用唱歌和音樂來消遣一下的時候，他們要么自己放聲歌唱，要么拿起小提琴自己演奏，可是現(xiàn)在他只要打開收音機(jī)和電視機(jī)就可以了。這樣歌唱和演奏音樂的人就越來越少了。

52.(D)

第三段第三、四句作者說：印度的電影大多是以一個簡單的故事為線索配以大量的歌舞，結(jié)果在印度的村莊里人們就唱得少多了。

53.(D)

見第四段全段及文章內(nèi)容介紹。第四段作者沒有提到著名的天才音樂家們原因隨時愿意為人們演唱和演奏。

54.(A)

第五段開始作者說：我是近來才有這些想法的，因為最近別人給我寄來了兩盤具有歷史意義的CD錄音盤，是歷史上著名的作家朗讀他們自己的作品。聽到了這些已經(jīng)去世很久的19世紀(jì)的作家的聲音真的使我非常激動。Thrilling既有“使人害怕，毛骨悚然”的意思，也有“使人非常激動”的意思，但這里作者是積極主張大事朗誦的，因此一定是很激動。

55.(B)

第五段第四、五句作者說：現(xiàn)在孩子兩歲以后我們就不再給他們唱歌了，五歲以后就不再給他讀故事書了。一旦他們自己能閱讀，我們就成了聾人。我們只有從電視和音響中才能感受到聲音的美妙。

56.(B)

最好一段第四句作者說：出于同樣的原因人們發(fā)現(xiàn)卡拉OK對他們是一種解放，它是惟一的一種能使人們聽到自己聲音的電子裝置。

第二篇

本文通過介紹Small博士的一本書?記憶經(jīng)?指出人腦老化的開始比我們想像的要早得多，但是我們可以通過做一些大腦得練習(xí)、吃健腦的食品、鍛煉身體以及減少壓力等來緩減大腦老化的速度。文中還介紹了一些大腦練習(xí)的具體的方法。

57.(D)

第一段作者說我們大腦有時會變得不好使，比如說你想不起朋友跟你說了些什么話，或者忘了把鑰匙放在什么地方了。如果這些情況越來越多，那么你可以多做些大腦的練習(xí)，或多吃些健腦的食品，也許會有幫助。mad:發(fā)瘋的；愚蠢的58.(B)59.(C)

第五段第一句作者說：Small博士為我們提供了全面反擊大腦老化的武器。第六段第一句作者又說：Small博士承認(rèn)這些練習(xí)聽上去有些奇怪，但確實有效。

60.(B)

第五段作者通過舉例介紹了一些減緩記憶喪失的方法，如觀察、快速記憶以及聯(lián)想等。

61.(B)

第五段第三句開始作者引用Small博士的話說：“假如你想記住一個人的名字和他的長相，你就應(yīng)該把你頭腦中的第一印象與其他事物聯(lián)系起來記憶。假如你見到Beatty夫人，你注意到了她臉部與別人不同的特征，也行是眉毛部位特別突出。在這種情況下我就會想到演員Warren Beatty, 所以我就在腦海中閃出一個鏡頭Warren Beatty在親吻Beatty夫人的額頭。”

62.(D)

在最后一段Small博士還建議要多進(jìn)行體育鍛煉，多吃些低脂肪但富含omega-3脂肪酸的食品，比如魚類、核桃、巴西堅果以及含抗氧化劑較高的蔬菜和水果如藍(lán)草莓和洋蔥等，此外還要減少壓力。

第三篇

本文講述了長期以來人類對于領(lǐng)袖才能和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的研究一直都沒有形成統(tǒng)一的理論。不同的時代，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的理論也不同。作者列舉了許多歷史上著名的人物對于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)理論的研究做出的貢獻(xiàn)，但是作者認(rèn)為沒有一種理論能夠經(jīng)得起時間得檢驗，因此認(rèn)為對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的研究陷入了一種不能自拔的陷阱。

63.(A)

第一段第二句作者說：領(lǐng)袖的才能是一直沒有變化的，只是人們對什么是領(lǐng)袖才能、領(lǐng)袖才能如何起作用以及人們?nèi)绾芜\用這些才能這些問題的理解都發(fā)生了變化。

64.(C)

第一段的第三句作者說：我們確實開始了對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的總體理論的研究，從歷史和社會方面，最主要的是對偉大的領(lǐng)袖人物的思想進(jìn)行研究，例如摩西（圣經(jīng)中古代猶太人的領(lǐng)袖――編者注）、愷撒、詹姆斯.麥迪遜（美國歷史上的第四任總統(tǒng)，美國的開國元勛之一，他對美國憲法和人權(quán)法的制定做出了重大貢獻(xiàn)――編者注），以及當(dāng)代最杰出的智慧天才甘地、丘吉爾、毛澤東和基辛格。他們除了都曾經(jīng)存在過、都用文章清楚地表達(dá)了自己的思想之外，別無共同之處。

65.(A)

全文第一句作者就指出：多上年來我們對于什么是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)以及什么樣的人可以成為領(lǐng)袖的看法變化相當(dāng)大。另參見第64題。

66.(C)

第三段第二句作者說：對領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的解釋是多種多樣的，而每一種都是片面的、不完整的和不充分的。這些定義大部分相互矛盾，而且很大都沒有研究領(lǐng)袖的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)技巧。這些定義反映了當(dāng)時的時尚、政治潮流和學(xué)術(shù)趨向。它們不能反映實際情況，有時一點用都沒有。

67.(B)

最后一段第一句作者說：許多關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的理論流行了一段時間就消失了。第四句起作者說：這些理論沒有一個能經(jīng)得起時間的檢驗。有了這樣的記錄我們就不難理解為什么關(guān)于領(lǐng)導(dǎo)藝術(shù)的研究和理論這樣令人沮喪，以至于人們把它說成是組織研究的“死亡陷阱”。這里所說的“死亡陷阱”是在位于洛杉磯的一處瀝青坑里發(fā)現(xiàn)了不同紀(jì)的史前動物的遺址，這些動物來到此處是想探個究竟，結(jié)果就回不去了。

68.(A)

第四篇

本文主要是向美國想要退休的雇員介紹退休養(yǎng)老金制度的一些注意事項。文章特別提醒了那些想要提前退休的人們?nèi)绾尾拍茏钣行У乇ＷC支取和使用雇主應(yīng)付的養(yǎng)老金，并指出提前退休的時間越早，養(yǎng)老金的損失就越大。

69.(D)

文章第一、二句作者說：如果你與雇主簽訂的是傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金計劃而你想要不干了，不要以為你就拿不到這筆養(yǎng)老金了，你有權(quán)拿到你應(yīng)得的這份福利。第二段第一句作者又說：你以前的雇主應(yīng)該給你一份證明表明你應(yīng)得的養(yǎng)老金的數(shù)額。

70.(C)

第二段第二句起作者說：如果說你應(yīng)得的養(yǎng)老金數(shù)額不到5000美元，或者公司同意一次給你付清的話，公司回結(jié)清你的養(yǎng)老金帳戶并付給你養(yǎng)老金的錢。錢可能不多，但是用這5000美元投資20年，按8％的匯報率算，就是2.3萬元（意為這樣還是合算的）。

71.(C)

第四、五段作者說：如果你與雇主簽的合同是按春天的養(yǎng)老金計劃那么提早退休會比你想像的損失要大。大部分人以為如果你比原計劃中正常年齡提前退休的話，就會按比例扣除提前退休的部分。比如說你需要干到30年才可能退休，而你想提前三年退休的話，你就能拿到養(yǎng)老金總額的90％。但實際上并不是這樣算的。雇主實際上會決定按每年減掉你養(yǎng)老金的5％。因此如果你提前三年退休你就只能拿到原計劃退休金總數(shù)的85％。

72.(A)

第六段第一句作者說：如果你與雇主簽約時簽訂的是“規(guī)定貢獻(xiàn)”式養(yǎng)老金計劃（請參見本篇精解之后的文章背景介紹），而你又提前退休的話，問題就是你得開始花本來可以掙得利息得那一部分投資。

73.(C)74.(B)

從全篇內(nèi)容看如果人們了解了退休養(yǎng)老金制度是如何執(zhí)行的，那么就可能改變提前退休得計劃，以減少養(yǎng)老金的損失。選擇B“人們?nèi)绻私馔诵蒺B(yǎng)老金制度是如何運行的那么提前退休是劃算的”與此意思相反。文章背景介紹：

美國退休養(yǎng)老金制度比較復(fù)雜，主要由三大部分組成：一部分是由政府提供的社會保險（social security），其數(shù)額不大，但要等到退休人員達(dá)到65歲（對于1940年以后出生的人要到67歲）時才能支付；第二部分是雇主為雇員提供的養(yǎng)老金，也就是第四篇閱讀所涉及的這一類養(yǎng)老金計劃，其形式依法有多種，較為復(fù)雜，許多美國人自己也弄不清楚。文中提到的傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金計劃（traditional pension）是由雇主每年按與雇員簽訂得合同支付到一個賬號中，到雇員達(dá)到合同的一定年限可以退休時再支付給雇員。與傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金計劃不同的還有文中提到的“規(guī)定貢獻(xiàn)”（defined-contribution plans）養(yǎng)老金計劃。按此計劃雇主不是每個月向雇員的帳戶中存入固定的養(yǎng)老金數(shù)額而是視雇員的情況而存入不同的數(shù)額，如按雇員工資的6％存入，或可以讓雇員存入一部分，如6％，雇主再存入另外6％。這部分養(yǎng)老金可以用來投資，如購買公共基金（mutual fund）等，這樣這筆養(yǎng)老金的錢既不用交個人所得稅又可以增值；第三部分養(yǎng)老金是由雇員個人購買的養(yǎng)老保險等。

第五篇

本文作者通過一個案例討論了公共圖書館應(yīng)該為讀者提供什么樣的網(wǎng)上服務(wù)的問題。美國地區(qū)法院的法官裁決：用過濾軟件來限制公共圖書館的讀者進(jìn)入某些網(wǎng)站的做飯是違反憲法的，因為美國?憲法第一修正案?中有保證人們言論自由的規(guī)定。此案對全國各地圖書館的政策有著重大的影響，但作者也提出了另一問題：許多私人公司生產(chǎn)的過濾軟件決定了我們能上哪些網(wǎng)站，這樣就剝奪了讀者自由選擇網(wǎng)站的權(quán)力。作者認(rèn)為為了保證人民的言論自由，不應(yīng)設(shè)置任何限制，應(yīng)該讓人們自己來決定瀏覽什么網(wǎng)站。

75.(D)76.(A)

第三段第一句作者說：根據(jù)Reno告美國民用圖書館聯(lián)合會一案，Brinkema法官否定了被告的抗辯。被告認(rèn)為安裝這類過濾裝置是圖書館決定購置什么設(shè)備的決定，不適用于?憲法第一修正案?。

77.(C)

第二段第二句作者說：Loudown 縣圖書館用的這種X-Stop軟件可以阻止讀者進(jìn)入許多網(wǎng)站。在第一段最后作者說：Brinkema法官裁決該圖書館以保護(hù)兒童不受有害內(nèi)容影響為由而減少成年人進(jìn)入的網(wǎng)站的數(shù)量是不合法的。文章第一句還提到法官裁決此做飯是違反憲法的。在文章的第四段作者還說這些軟件都是由私人公司生產(chǎn)并賣給用戶使用的。選擇項C“該軟件修改了圖書館中百科全書的某些部分”顯然是不正確的。

78.(D)

第四段第一、二句作者說：雖然Brinkema法官的裁決對全國圖書館的發(fā)展影響很大，但是一個關(guān)鍵性的潛在問題不能通過法律的程序來解決。這就是過濾軟件都是由私人公司編制和生產(chǎn)的，他們非常想要并非常高興為我們來做決定。

79.(A)

第三段的第二句作者說：法官指出因為該圖書館原來提供的是未經(jīng)審查的因特網(wǎng)服務(wù)，然后有用特別的方法來限制它。uncensored: 未經(jīng)審查的。這里與free同義。

80.(B)

最后一段作者說：華盛頓反審查聯(lián)合會在其原創(chuàng)的T恤衫上提出了我們能夠信任的、能保證我們言論自由的解決方法：“用你自己的大腦，這是你與生俱來的過濾器。”

第五部分 翻譯

【英譯漢】

盡管布什政府承諾讓伊拉克人管理自己的政府，但和平和秩序還很遙遠(yuǎn)。一方面，薩達(dá)姆仍下落不明；另一方面，激增的暴力行為、流血事件、自殺性爆炸和人們走向街頭抗議使美國陷于尷尬的境地。布什總統(tǒng)最近發(fā)表講話，似乎是回應(yīng)民主黨總統(tǒng)候選人的批評意見。這些人批評高層決策者未能預(yù)料到將來日益增多的困難。人們希望聯(lián)合國積極參與這個飽經(jīng)戰(zhàn)亂的國家的重建工作并在和平解決伊拉克面臨的問題當(dāng)中發(fā)揮更積極的作用。

【漢譯英】

Those who take the entrance examination for graduate schools spend much(far)more time on English than on other subjects, hoping for(for the hope of getting)the highest possible scores of English.Many people are convinced that the secret to success is to attend training courses and learn many sample writings by heart, only to find that doesn’t work.Their effort to improve their English can’t pay off easily.注：扣分點包括一項錯譯：

1.the time they spend on English is more than

2.many people convince that…

3.the secret to succeed …

4.recite many sample writings

5.as a result, …

6.be difficult to be rewarded7.They effort to…