第一篇：2015高考英語復習 2014高三真題_動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)解析

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2014全國高考匯編之動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)

一（2014安徽卷）23．The twins, Whotheir homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A.will finishB.finishC.have finishedD.had finished

考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】D【解析】句義：已經完成了他們的家庭作業(yè)，這對雙胞胎被允許在操場上打羽毛球。根據句義可知他們完成作業(yè)是在被允許到操場上打羽毛球之前。而他們被允許打羽毛球已經使用了一般過去時，所以完成作業(yè)應該使用過去完成時。故D正確。

【舉一反三】---Peter, do you know who____ my dictionary ?A.has taken awayB.was taking away

---Sorry , I don’t know.I didn’t do it.C.had taken awayD.is taking away

【答案】A試題分析：句意：--皮特，你知道誰把我的字典拿走了嗎？--對不起，我不知道，我沒有拿。這里拿走發(fā)生在過去，強調對現在造成的影響，不知在什么地方，故用現在完成時。

二（2014北京卷）22.---Hi, let’s go skating.A.fillB.have filled---Sorry, I’m busy right now.I ___ in an application form for a new job.C.am fillingD.will fill

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】句意：—喂，我們五滑冰吧！—對不起，我現在很忙，我正在填寫一份新的工作申請表。根據句意可知本句是在敘述說話時正在進行，正在發(fā)生的事情，所以使用現在進行時。故C正確。【試題延伸】時態(tài)題的考查關鍵是抓住句子的上下文含義和句中的時間狀語。要根據時間狀語來選擇合適的時態(tài)，在平時的學習中要注意積累有關時態(tài)的用法和各種時態(tài)的特殊之處。

【舉一反三】——I hear youin a pub.what’s it like?A.are workingB.will work

——Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.C.were workingD.will be working

【答案】A【考點】考查動詞的時態(tài)。【解析】句意為“——我聽說你在酒吧里上班，這份工作怎么樣？——咳，這是份辛苦活，老感到累，不過我不介意。”對話所用的現在時表明現在還在酒吧里上班，用現在進行時描述現階段長期重復的一個動作。故選A。

三（2014北京卷）23.Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _______ half an hour.A.byB.inC.forD.until

【考點】考察將來時和介詞使用【答案】B

【解析】本題的關鍵是the train to the airport leaves火車將要離開；在這句話里使用了一般現在時代替將來時，表示按照車站的時間表列車進出。實際上本句是一個將來時，四個選項里只有“in+一段時間”可以和將來時連用。句意：Jane很著急，因為去機場的火車半小時以后就要出發(fā)了。故B正確。

四（2014北京卷）31.---What time is it?A.checkB.checked---I have no idea.But just a minute, I ______ it for you.C.will checkD.would check

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】本題考察的是will的一個特殊用法。句意：—現在幾點了？—我不知道。可是請你稍等，我現在就幫你看一下。根據句意可知不可能是過去發(fā)生的事情，排除BD項。我為你去看時間屬于將要發(fā)生的事情，所以使用will表示臨時決定要做某事。故C正確。

五（2014北京卷）32.I found the lecture hard to follow because it _______ when I arrived.A.startedB.was startingC.would startD.had started

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】D【解析】句意：我發(fā)現這個報告很難懂，因為當我到的時候，它已經開始了。根據句意可知這個報告是在我到達之前就開始看，而句中我到達使用了arrived，而報告是在這之前發(fā)生的，所以使用過去完成時。故D正確。

【舉一反三】—Peter , where did you guys go for the summer vacation?

—We________ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.A.wereB.have beenC.had beenD.will be

〖答案〗C.〖考點〗考查時態(tài)題.〖解析〗我們去海邊發(fā)生在過去.而我們忙于工作在此之前.因此用過去完成時.六（2014大綱卷）22.Unless extra money____, the theatre will close.A.was foundB.findsC.is foundD.found

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】本題考察的是時態(tài)。句義：除非找到另外的投資，否則這個電

2015年高考英語3天迅捷提分密碼詳情請到百度文庫中輸入”沈陽高分英語家教”或”沈陽英語家教查詢”!

影院就監(jiān)視被關閉。本句中Unless引導的是一個條件狀語從句，使用一般現在時代替將來時，后面的主句

使用將來時。根據句義可知mony和find構成被動關系，所以也要使用被動語態(tài)。故C正確。

七（2014大綱卷）32.The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody ______ them since.A.seesB.sawC.has seenD.had seen

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】句義：這些報告在2012年就不見了，從那以后沒有人看見過它

們。本句的關鍵詞是since自從那時。根據句義可知是指自從2012年這些文件不見是開始，到現在為止沒

有人看見。Since經常和現在完成時連用的。故C正確。

【舉一反三】—The window is dirty.A.hasn’t cleanedB.didn’t clean

— I know.It ________ for weeks.C.wasn’t cleanedD.hasn’t been cleaned

〖答案〗D〖考點〗該題是根據交際情景中考查動詞時態(tài)與語態(tài)。

〖解析〗關鍵詞for weeks, 考慮現在完成時, 表示到目前為止的結果, 好幾周不擦了；窗戶與擦的關系是

被動關系, 故被動語態(tài)。句意；“窗戶很臟了。”“我知道。好幾周沒有擦了。”注：由終止性動詞leave, arrive,come, go, return, begin, start, put, stop, start, put, stop, die, fall, buy, borrow, see等構成的完成時不能與for或

since引導的時間狀語連用。但這些終止性動詞的否定式可以與for或since短語連用。如：I haven’t met him

for two years.八（2014福建卷）23.—Haven't seen you for ages!Where have you been?A.stayedB.stay

—I went to Ningxia and there for one year, teaching as a volunteer.C.had stayedD.am staying

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】A

【解析】句義：—很久沒有看見你了！你到哪里去了？—我去了寧夏，并在那里待了一年時間，作教書的志愿者。本句只是敘述我過去在寧夏待了一年，沒有強調過去發(fā)生的事情對現在的影響。而且也沒有持續(xù)

到現在，因為我已經回來了。所以不需要使用完成時，使用一般過去時陳述事實即可。故A正確。

【舉一反三】----Where_____the recorder ?I can not see it anywhere.-----I_____it right here.But now it is gone!

A.did you put,have putB.have you put, putC.had you put,was puttingD.were you putting,have put

【答案】B 【解析】試題分析：考查時態(tài)。句意：—你把錄音機放在什么地方了？我找不到。—我就放

在這兒。但是現在不見了。根據句意說明第一空詢問的是過去發(fā)生的事情對現在的影響，故使用現在完成時。第二空就是陳述過去發(fā)生的事情，使用一般過去時。故B正確。

九（2014湖南卷）28.Since the time humankind started gardening, we _____to make our environment more

beautiful.A.tryB.have been tryingC.are tryingD.will try

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】B【解析】本題考察時態(tài)，關鍵詞是since….自從…；since引導的從句經

常要和現在完成時以及現在完成進行時連用。句義：自從人類開始搞園藝活動到現在，我們一直都在讓我們的環(huán)境更美麗。本句使用現在完成進行時，強調動作的持續(xù)性和反復性。故B正確。

【試題延伸】關鍵是抓住句子的上下文含義和句中的時間狀語。要根據時間狀語來選擇合適的時態(tài)，在平

時的學習中要注意積累有關時態(tài)的用法和各種時態(tài)的特殊之處。如since，so far等經常與現在完成時連用。在條件狀語從句中用一般現在時代替將來時等等。

【舉一反三】He_____ articles for our wall-newspaper these years, and he____ about thirty articles.A.has written;wrote B.has been writing;wroteC.is writing;has been writing D.has been writing;has written

【答案】D 【解析】試題分析：第一個空表示動作從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現在，并且有可能持

續(xù)下去，故用現在完成進行時；第二個空表示自過去某一時刻到說話時這段時間中的經歷，用現在完成時。

十（2014湖南卷）34.Whenever you, a present, you should think about it from the receiver’s point of

view.A.bought B.have boughtC.will buy D.buy

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】D【解析】本題考察的是時態(tài)。在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，通常

使用一般現在時代替將來時，后面的主句通常使用將來時。句義：無論何時你購買禮物的時候，你都應該

從接受者的角度來考慮問題。故D正確。

【舉一反三】Frank_____ London by train which ____ at 8:30 next morning.A.is leaving for;will leaveB.is leaving for;leavesC.will leave for;will leaveD.leaves for;leaves

【答案】B試題分析：考查將來時的表達法。現在進行時代替將來時表示按照計劃安排要發(fā)生的事情。

用一般現在時代替將來時表示按照機場，車站的時間表要發(fā)生的事情。本題第一空是指按照安排要發(fā)生的事情，第二空指按照時刻表要發(fā)生的事情。故B正確。

十一（2014江蘇卷）23.—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?

—Well, the media ________ _________it in a variety of forms.A.cover B.will cover C.have covered D.covered

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】句意：—你對即將在南京舉行的青奧會了解多少？—很好，媒

體以多種形式對青奧會舉行了報道。根據本句中的well，可知后者對青奧會很了解。這主要是因為媒體多

種形式的報道，本句使用現在完成時體現出過去所發(fā)生的事情對現在的影響。故C正確。

【試題延伸】動詞時態(tài)是高考的熱點，英語的時態(tài)多，又很復雜，現在的高考不是純粹考時態(tài)的問題，而

是把它們放在一定的語言環(huán)境里，讓考生根據特定的環(huán)境來確定答案。

【舉一反三】---Peter, do you know who____ my dictionary ?A.has taken awayB.was taking away

---Sorry , I don’t know.I didn’t do it.C.had taken awayD.is taking away

【答案】A試題分析：句意：--皮特，你知道誰把我的字典拿走了嗎？--對不起，我不知道，我沒有拿。這里拿走發(fā)生在過去，強調對現在造成的影響，不知在什么地方，故用現在完成時。

十二（2014江西卷）----Tony , why are your eyes red ?A.cutB.was cutting

---I __ up peppers for the last five minutes.C.had cutD.have been cutting

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】D【解析】本題考察的是現在完成進行時。句義：—Tony，為什么你的眼

睛那么紅啊？—在過去的的5分鐘里，我一直都在切辣椒。根據句義可知本句表示在過去的一段時間里一

直都在做某事，所以使用現在完成進行時表示動作的持續(xù)性和反復性。故D正確。

【舉一反三】---We've spent too much money recently.---Well，it isn't surprising.Our friends and relatives ______ around all the time.A.are comingB.had comeC.were comingD.have been coming

【答案】D試題分析：考查時態(tài)：句意:--最近我們花了很多錢。--不奇怪。我們的朋友和親戚一直過來。可知最近一段時間一直有親戚朋友來，用現在完成進行時。選D。

十三（2014山東卷）1.Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we______.A.will expectB.are expectingC.expectD.had expected

【答案】D【解析】本題考察的時態(tài)。句義：手工寫下所有的邀請函要比我們預料的花去更多的時間。根據句義可知我們預料是在實際上寫之前發(fā)生的，而本句中實際寫花去的時間使用了過去時was，所以

expect使用過去完成時。故D正確。【試題延伸】時態(tài)題的考察要特別注意動詞發(fā)生的先后順序，尤其是

現在完成時或者過去完成時，這一點特別明顯。

【舉一反三】-----We didn’t find Smith attending the lecture.A.told;there to beB.had told;there to be

------No one _____ him about ______ a lecture the following day.C.told;there wasD.had told;there being

【答案】D【解析】考查時態(tài)和非謂語。根據前面一句可知told動作發(fā)生在didn’t find之前，故用過去

完成時;而about是個介詞，故后面應用there being.十四（2014山東卷）5.They made up their mind that they______ a new house once Larry changed jobs.A.boughtB.would buyC.have boughtD.had bought

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】B【解析】本題考察的是時態(tài)。句義：他們決定，一旦larry 換了工作，他們就買一個新房子。本句中的would表示的是過去將來時。他們是在過去決定一個將要發(fā)生的事情，所

以使用過去將來時。故B正確。

十五（2014陜西卷）22.During his stay in Xi’an, Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends ________,A.would recommendB.had recommendedC.have recommendedD.were recommending

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】B【解析】句義：在Jerry待在西安期間，他嘗試了他的朋友向他推薦的幾乎所有的食物。根據句義可知他的朋友向他推薦食物是在Jeery嘗試的食物之前，句中已經使用了

tried，所以推薦使用過去完成時。故B正確。

十六（2014四川卷）9.She ______ someone, so I nodded to her and went away.A.phonedB.had phonedC.was phoningD.has phoned

【考點】考察上下文語境時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】句意：她正在和一個人打電話，于是我向她點了下頭便走了。根據后句I nodded to her and went away“我只向她點了下頭”說明她正在打電話。所以使用過去進行時表示在過去某個時間正在進行的事情。故C正確。

【舉一反三】I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through.Her brother ______ on the phone all the time.A.has been talkingB.was talkingC.has talkedD.talked

【答案】B試題分析：考查時態(tài)：句意：我昨天晚上給漢娜打了幾次電話，但一直打不通，他弟弟一直在打電話，說明是昨天晚上我打電話的時候，她的弟弟一直在打電話.用過去進行時，選B。

十七（2014天津卷）11.We won’t start the work until all the preparations __________.A.are being madeB.will be madeC.have been madeD.had been made

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】C【解析】通常說來, 在時間狀語從句中使用一般現在時代替將來時，前面的主句中使用將來時。在高中英語中也使用現在完成時代替將來時，表示到將來某個時間已經完成的事情。句義：直到所有的準備工作都做好以后，我們才開始工作。故C正確。

十八（2014浙江卷）11.Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _____ most of the guests before.A.has seenB.had seenC.sawD.would see

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】B【解析】句意：Sofia回顧四周所有的臉龐，她有印象她之前見過大部分的客人。根據句意可知她見過這么多的客人是在她擁有這個印象之前發(fā)生的事情，本句中had說明看見這么多客人應該使用過去完成時。故B正確。

【舉一反三】-----We didn’t find Smith attending the lecture.A.told;there to beB.had told;there to be------No one _____ him about _____ a lecture the following day.C.told;there wasD.had told;there being

【答案】D 【解析】考查時態(tài)和非謂語。根據前面一句可知told動作發(fā)生在didn’t find之前，故用過去完成時;而about是個介詞，故后面應用there being.十九（2014重慶卷）4.You’d better write down her phone number before you ___ it.A.forgetB.are forgettingC.forgotD.will gorget

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】A【解析】本題考察的是時態(tài)題中的一個常考的用法。在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，常常使用一般現在時代替將來時。本句中的連詞before引導的就是一個時間狀語從句，所以使用一般現在時代替將來時。句意：在你忘記之前最好把他的電話號碼寫下來。故A正確。

【舉一反三】The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people_______ to eat more fruit and vegetables.A.persuadeB.will persuadeC.be persuadedD.are persuaded

【答案】D【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。在條件句和時間狀語從句中，使用一般現在時代替將來時，主語用將來時。而且人們是被說服吃更多的水果和蔬菜。故D正確。

二十（2014重慶卷）8.James has just arrived, but I didn’t knowhe ___until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.had come D.came

【考點】考察時態(tài)【答案】B【解析】本題考察的是過去進行時表示過去將來時的用法。當表示事先計劃好的，安排好的要發(fā)生的事情，且謂語動詞是一些表示位置變化的動詞，如：leave, come等的時候，可以使用進行時表示將來時。句意：James已經到了，但是知道昨天我才知道他要來。根據句意可知他要來這里是計劃好的事情，且動詞come表示的是位置變化。故B正確。

【舉一反三】The moment ____ soon, he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A.cameB.has comeC.was comingD.is coming

【答案】D【解析】本題考查時態(tài)。【解析】根據soon可知為將來的事情，且是直接引語，應為現在，所以選D，進行時態(tài)表將來。動詞的時態(tài) 現在進行時態(tài)表將來。

第二篇：高三英語語法復習教案-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)

高三英語語法復習教案-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài) 【時態(tài)的基本概念】

時態(tài)是表示謂語動作時間概念的動詞形式。英語中的時態(tài)專指謂語動詞而言，不同時間概念的謂語動作有不同的時態(tài)，每一個時態(tài)又有各自不同的動詞形式。高中階段要求學生熟練掌握八種時態(tài)，此外現在完成進行時在高中教材中反復出現，也應列入“應知應會”的范圍。

1.一般現在時：經常發(fā)生的動作或規(guī)律性的動作。

Each person needs water and a diet of healthy food.(P.2, Senior Book1B)The moon travels round the earth once every month.(P.8, Senior Book2B)在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般現在時表示將來的概念。引起時間狀語從句的連詞有：when, after, before, until, as soon as；引起條件狀語從句的連詞有：if, unless;so(as)long as。

I will not stop my fight against slavery until all slaves are free.(P.52, Senior Book1A)2.一般過去時：過去發(fā)生過了的動作，這個動作的全過程已經結束。諸如yesterday, last… …ago都是典型的一般過去時的時間狀語。

Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.(P.34, Senior Book2B)The interview went well and I told the company about my experiences and answered their questions as honestly as I could.(P.34, Senior Book2B)3.一般將來時：將要發(fā)生的動作。----It's a bit windy today, isn't it?----Yes, it is.Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.(P.43, senior Book2B)Besides, you will not find coral near the mouths of rivers either because the river water has too much soil in it or because it is polluted.(P.20, Senior Book2B)Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built?(P.24, Senior Book2B)4.現在進行時：說話時正在發(fā)生的動作。

I'm doing a word puzzle in this newspaper.I'm trying to find the name of a famous person.Can you help me?(P.1, Senior Book2B)現在進行時同always配合使用時，帶有厭惡、批評，不喜歡等感情色彩。

They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating.(P.3, Senior Book1B)5.過去進行時:過去某一時間或某段時間正在進行的動作。

He bought a coffee and as the train was traveling fast and moving from side to side , he decided to drink it there and not to carry it back to his seat.(P.32, Senior Book2B)Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.(P.6, Senior Book1B)6.現在完成時：與現在有聯(lián)系的過去的動作。

Mr.Ball has just called on Mrs.Zhu to give her a message.(P.13, Senior Book2B)同現在的聯(lián)系是：“剛剛探訪了朱夫人，給她帶了口信”，這件事距現在時間很近，沒有多長時間。

We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have just told you.(P.19, Senior Book1B)同現在的聯(lián)系是：現在你們已經知道有關她的經歷，不會影響做出決定。

7.過去完成時：比過去的一個參照動作或時間更早的動作，作為參照的過去的動作或時間有時在句子中直接表述出來，有時通過上下文暗示。Her parents were dead and had left her a lot of money.(P.14, Senior Book2B)本句中had left her a lot of money 發(fā)生在her parents were dead之前，比較容易看出“過去的過去”，應該不會產生理解上的困難。

Einstein had always been fond of music and had learnt music as a young boy.(P.3, Senior Book2B)課文一直在敘述愛因斯坦的經歷、成就，使用的都是一般過去時。或者我們可以說一般過去時是課文的基礎時態(tài)。課文的最后又倒敘愛因斯坦少年時代的事情，這是比基礎時態(tài)一般過去時更早的動作，因此兩個并列的謂語動詞都用過去完成時。在這類句子中，作為參照的動作或時間需要我們通過對文章的整體理解才能體會出來。

8.過去將來時：以過去某一時間為參照，將要發(fā)生的動作。在賓語從句中由于時態(tài)呼應的要求，經常會用到過去將來時。

I thought it was going to be fun.(P.54, Senior Book1A)針對 I thought 這個過去的動作而言的將來。

9.現在完成進行時： 由過去開始，延續(xù)到現在并且可能繼續(xù)進行的動作。現在完成進行時在句子中一般可以翻譯成“一直┉”。

People have been talking of it a lot recently.(P.25, Senior Book2B)最近人們一直在大量地談論這件事。

Pippa's parents have been waiting for them.(P.61, Senior Book2A)Pippa的父母一直在等他們。

For years we have been dreaming better housing and jobs.(P.37, Senior Book2B)多年來我們一直夢想著更好的住房和工作。【相關知識及運用】

1.一般過去時、現在完成時、過去完成時的區(qū)別。

上述三個時態(tài)在使用中容易混淆是因為他們有相近的地方，這個相近之處就是“過去”。現在完成時和過去完成時的概念都同“過去”有關，彼此之間的混淆便由此產生。只有抓住他們的不同，才能熟練地將這三種時態(tài)區(qū)別開。①一般過去時只用以陳述過去發(fā)生過的事情。

In a poor district in Paris, in the year 1775, there was a wine shop, the owner of which was Monsieur Defarge.(P.56, Senior Book2B)向讀者陳述1775年所發(fā)生的故事的地點、人物等有關信息。②現在完成時表達的動作雖然發(fā)生在過去，但說話時要強調的是這個過去的動作與現在有關系，語意的重心著眼于現在。這種過去的動作同現在的聯(lián)系有兩種情況： a)過去的動作對現在仍具有影響。

----Would you go to see the film with me this evening?----Sorry, I have seen it before.have seen the film的動作肯定發(fā)生在過去，對現在的影響是“我不想和你去看了”。b)過去的動作延續(xù)到現在。表示這種延續(xù)時經常會用到for、since一類時間狀語。I have worked in Beijing since I graduated from the university.(從畢業(yè)一直延續(xù)到現在)We have lived in Beijing for about 20 years.(20年前發(fā)生的 “l(fā)ive”，一直延續(xù)到現在)③過去完成時必須有一個過去的動作作為參照點，由此發(fā)生了同一般過去時混淆的問題。過去完成時是一種相對的時態(tài)，它必須有一個過去的動作為參照，比這個過去的參照動作更早的動作才能用過去完成時。如果沒有這個過去的參照的動作，就沒有過去完成時，即使是一億年前的動作也是一般過去時。

When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.got to the cinema是過去的動作，had begun則發(fā)生在got to the cinema 之前。進行時態(tài)的兩種概念

現在進行時和過去進行時都具有兩種不同的時間概念：瞬間概念和階段概念。

①現在進行時的瞬間概念就是“說話的時候”。表示瞬間概念時，現在進行時的時態(tài)特點是，動作已經開始，正在過程中，但尚未結束。

基于這一特點，下列句子通常用現在進行時，以表達動作沒有結束。Our country is getting stronger and stronger.I'm getting on well with my English.過去進行時的瞬間概念通常用表示“點時間”的時間狀語表達出來。I was doing my homework this time yesterday.Mother was cooking when I came home.②階段概念的時間狀語是“段時間”，表示在一段時間內一直在做的動作，至于動作是否結束則不是說話者所關心的。

He is writing a new novel these days.這些天他一直在寫一本新小說。（沒有干其他的事情）The workers were building a bridge last year.這些工人們去年一直在修建一座橋。2.將來時的五種動詞形式

1.will(shall)+動詞原形，用以表示“預見”和“主觀意圖” Go through the gate and you will find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side.(P1, Senior Book2A)（表示“預見”）

Let's go together then.I will meet you at the theatre at six-thirty.(P.19, Senior Book2A)

(表示“主觀意圖)2.be going to + 動詞原形，用以表示”打算做某事“或”已經有跡象將要發(fā)生的情況。I'm going to cut this tree down.(P.25, Senior Book1B)It is going to rain.(有跡象表明將要下雨)3.be to +動詞原形，用以表示按照計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作或表示命令、禁止。

The message is this: you are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.(P.33, Senior Book2B)4.will be doing，在當代英語中用以表示純粹的將來。Who will be taking over her job? Everybody else will be wearing jewellery.(P.13, Senior Book1B)5.用進行時的動詞形式表示將來的概念。這種用法通常僅限于瞬間動詞，因為瞬間動詞不可能有“進行”的概念，所以不會產生歧義。

How many of you are making the trip?(P.9, Senior Book1B)Is anybody seeing you off?(P.13 Senior Book1A)

【語態(tài)的基本概念】 語態(tài)是表示主語、謂語和賓語之間相互關系的動詞形式。在英語中有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)之分。

主動語態(tài)所表達的主、謂、賓之間的關系是：主語發(fā)出或執(zhí)行謂語動作，謂語動作的對象或承受者為賓語。即主語同謂語具有語意上的邏輯關系，謂語同賓語具有語意上的邏輯關系。被動語態(tài)所表達的關系是：動作的承受者做句子的主語，這時句子的主語和謂語之間具有邏輯上的動賓關系。Satellites for broadcasting are used to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.(P.8, Senior Book2B)謂語動詞use同主語satellites for broadcasting具有邏輯動賓關系，因此使用被動語態(tài)。我們可以將這個句子恢復成正常的主、謂、賓關系：

We use satellites for broadcasting to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.【相關知識及運用】

1.被動語態(tài)的動詞形式問題： 在語言實踐中，語態(tài)和時態(tài)總是結合在一起使用，每一個時態(tài)都有同它相對應的被動語態(tài)形式。

被動語態(tài)的基本形式：語態(tài)助動詞be + 過去分詞。

凡需進行時態(tài)變化時，只將be 變?yōu)榕c其相應的時態(tài)形式，過去分詞永遠不變。

動詞do 的時態(tài)、語態(tài)形式變化對照表

主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)

一般現在時 do(does)am(is, are)+ done 一般過去時 did was(were)+ done 一般將來時 will(shall)do will be + done 現在進行時 am(is are)doing am(is,are)being+done 過去進行時 was(were)doing was(were)being+done 現在完成時 have(has)done have(has)been+done 過去完成時 had done had been+done 過去將來時 would do would be + done 現在完成進行時 have(has)been doing 沒有被動形式 過去完成進行時 Had been doing 沒有被動形式

Many of them are well received, such as Follow Me;Follow Me to Science.(P.46, Senior Book1A)Ships and planes can be warned so that they can keep out of the path of the hurricane.(P.9, Senior Book2B)They are already being used in agriculture and industry.(P.26, Senior Book2B)Computer will be used more and more in transport.(P.26, Senior Book2B)A new government programme has been designed to help disabled people.(P.46, Senior Book2B)2.高考試題實例分析 直接考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)知識的試題主要體現在單項選擇和改錯兩個題型中，而且?guī)缀趺磕甓紩嫉剑虼吮仨殞r態(tài)、語態(tài)問題作為復習的重點內容，務求達到深刻理解，熟練運用。近年來高考命題的特點是，在特定的語言環(huán)境中考查對時態(tài)、語態(tài)的理解。試題的意圖往往隱蔽、迂回，迷惑項的設計技巧很高，容易干擾考生的思維。如果沒有對時態(tài)概念的深刻理解，沒有對語言應用環(huán)境的綜合分析，便會對試題感到困惑。下列試題可以幫助我們領悟高考命題的趨勢。例1：

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly.（2001年高考試題）

A.is changing

B.has changed

C.will have changed

D.will change 答案為A。試題沒有把考查的意圖定位于對時態(tài)概念的簡單理解，考生必須對現在進行時的本質特征----動作尚未完成，仍在過程中----有深刻的理解，否則將思路僅僅局限在“正在變化”、“已經變化”或“將要變化”，難于得出正確的結論。例2：

I ______ ping-pong quite well, but haven't had time to play since the new year.（2001年高考試題）

A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 答案為D。but 分句使用現在完成時，將談話的時間概念限定在“當前”。如果選C，前一分句說“過去”，后一分句說“現在”，不合邏輯。本句的意思是說“乒乓球一向打得好，只是最近一段時間沒有打”，“乒乓球打得好”是一種技能，選用一般現在時，是“經常發(fā)生的動作”這一概念的擴展和延伸。例3：

----You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda.Do you like it?---I'm sorry I ______ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it's pretty on you.（2002年高考試題）

A.wasn't saying

B.don't say

C.won't say

D.didn't say 答案為D。sorry的原因是早先沒有說到這件事，因此必須用一般過去時。例4：

The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so.（1999年高考試題）

A.went down

B.will go down

C.has gone down

D.was going down 答案為 C。目前價格的狀況已經低下來，至于“價格下降”始于何時同談話的內容無關。試題意在考查對“過去的動作對現在的影響”的理解。

時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練1 I.用所給動詞的適當的過去時或將來時的形式填充。

1.Let's keep to the point or we ______ never_______(reach)any decisions.2.My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I______(miss)half of it.3.I don't think Jim saw me;he _____ just ______(start)into space.4.I ____(ask)you not to move my dictionary--now I can't find it.5.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______(begin)to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.6.--George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?

--No, I ______ ______ ______(invite).Did they have a big wedding?

7.Shirley _____(write)a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.8.John and I have been friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _____ ______(see)each other a couple of times before that.9.His wife _____ ______(hope)to catch the first train but she was too late.10.I _____ ______(catch)in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.11.I found the sentence _____ ______(not read)smoothly.12.What he had said at the meeting _____(prove)true.13.---Did you see Tom at the party?

---No.He _____ _____(leave)by the time I arrived.14.---How time flies!It's already 10 o'clock.---Oh, I _____ _____(not realize)it at all.15.---I'm sorry that I shouldn't have been so rude to you.---You did_____(lose)your temper but that's OK.II.用所給動詞的適當的過去時或將來時的形式確翻譯下列各句 ：

1.The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _____ _____(一直抓著)him but failed.2.--What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

--I had just finished my work and ____ _____(正準備開始)to take a shower.3.--You were out when I dropped in at your house.--Oh, I_____ _____(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport.4.---Why haven't you asked her to come here?

---She ________(正在做工)an important experiment when I found her and she hasn't finished it.5.---What were you up to when she dropped in?

---I_____ _____(剛玩了一會兒)for a while and _____ _____ _____ _____(正打算看書)some reading.6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______often_____(會看到)advertisement showing happy families.7.---What place is it?---Haven't you seen that we are back where we _____(回到了原地)? 8.---Tomorrow is my birthday.I'd like you and Jane to come.---I'm not sure if she _____ _____(將)free.9.The crazy fans ______ _____ ______(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.10.You_______ _______(要求你ask)not to move the desk--now it is broken.時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練2 1.By the time I saw the angry expression in his face, I _____ exactly what I was having to face.But not for a moment _______ I should quit.A.had known;I thought

B.have known;had I thought

C.would know;I would think

D.knew;did I think 2.In such a fierce competition, a person h as to make every effort if he _____.A.has succeeded

B.is to succeed

C.should succeed

D.will succeed 3.The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if ______ that he had something to tell the doctor.A.saying

B.having said

C.to say

D.to have said 4.It should be 302.But I hear that it _____ till tomorrow.A.was put off

B.will put off

C.has been put off

D.is put off 5.The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to ____ new challenges.A.be faced

B.face

C.facing

D.faced 6.In fact, more and more people _____ to live a greener, healthier and more environmentally “green life”.A.chose

B.choose

C.are choosing

D.have chosen 7.Our car _____ at the present speed until it reaches Qingdao at about nine o'clock tonight.A.went

B.is going

C.goes

D.will be going 8.China is _____ to______ continued help to Iraq in its reconstruction.A.willingly;give

B.willing;giving

C.willing;offer

D.will;offering 9.I ________, but I can't leave until I finish typing all the letters.A.had planned to

B.planned to

C.am still planning to

D.was still planning to

10.Unfortunately, when we dropped in, Doctor Li _______ for Indonesia to rescue the injured there, so we only had time for a few words.A.has just left

B.was just leaving

C.had just left

D.just left 11.Has George returned from Japan yet? I'd like to meet him.Why do you look so upset?Usually at 13:15 but because of a small accident on the line, it

at 13:45.A．does;is going to start B．will;starts C．does;will start D．will;is to start 11.---How about my food? I __________ here for almost half an hour.---I'm sorry, sir.It must be ready by now.A.have been sitting

B.am sitting C.had been sitting

D.was sitting 12.---Remember the first time we met, Susan?---Of course I do.You _______ in the library.A.read

B.had read

C.were reading

D.would read 13.The number of people hurt in the traffic accident _______ to 95, the news agency reports.A.has increased

B.have increased

C.has been increased

D.have been increased 14.It seems that you _______ this report or you can see what I questioned just now.A.don't read B.didn't read C.haven't read D.hadn't read 15.-Hello, Jim.I

to see you today.Sonia said you

ill.-Oh I'm OK.A.didn't expect;were

B.don't expect;were C.haven't expected;are

D.are not expecting;are 16.We were very busy yesterday.Otherwise we _____ part in the discussion.A.would take

B.did take

C.had taken

D.would have taken 17.---My flight ______.I'd better be on my way.Goodbye.---Bye.Happy landing!A.was announced

B.is being announced

C.has announced

D.is announced 18Dear me!You

anything in the taxi!A.had never left

B.have never left

C.would never leave

D.never leave 19.This time next week, we _______astronauts from the Challenger trying to deal with the mechanical problems.A.will see B.will have seen C.will be seeing D.shall see 20.Hey, Lee.I ___________ you never took interest in anything like this.What a surprise!A.don't think

B.didn't think C.think

D.thought 21.George had thought of paying a visit to the zoo with his children last Sunday, but he just ________ he would have so little time to spare.A.hadn't known

B.wouldn't know

C.knew

D.didn't know 22.Those who were late for school this morning，down your names on the blackboard!A.write

B.wrote

C.are writing

D.will write

時態(tài)語態(tài)高考題 2007年高考

1.The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time.（全國卷I）

A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 2.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago.（全國卷I）

A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 3.-Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.-Oh, nothing much.In fact, I ____ of my friends back home.（全國卷II）A.have just thought B.was just thinking C.would just think D.will just be thinking 4.-Tom, you didn't come to the party last night?

-I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.（全國卷II）A.had to B.didn't C.was going to D.wouldn't 5.-Did you tidy your room?（上海卷）

-No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors.A.had B.have C.have had

D.will have 6.With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.（上海卷）A.discovered B.have discovered C.had been discovered D.have been discovered 7.They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they'd never have been able to afford to go.（山東卷）

A．had got

B．got

C．have got

D．get 8.-Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He ________, because he doesn't know much about computers.（安徽卷）A.has it fixed

B.had fixed it

C.had it fixed

D.fixed it 9.They became friends again that day.Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years.（安徽卷）

A.didn't speak

B.hadn't spoken

C.haven' t spoken D.haven' t been speaking 10.-How can I apply for an online course?

-Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you.（北京卷）A.see

B.are seeing

C.have seen

D.will see 11.I got caught in the rain and my suit____.（北京卷）

A.has ruined

B.had ruined

C.has been ruined

D.had been ruined 12.-It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, don't mention it.I _____past your house anyway.（北京卷）

A.was coming

B.will come

C.had come

D.have come 13.-I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.（福建卷）-Impossible.She

TV with me in my home then.A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching 14.Danny

hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.（福建卷）A.works

B.is working

C.has worked

D.worked 15.As the years passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-________ with Dad's flowers.（湖南卷）

A.are marked

B.were marked

C.have marked

D.had marked

16.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _____ English for a year.（湖南卷）

A.studies

B.studied

C.is studying

D.has been studying 17.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______.（江蘇卷）A.has been reached B.had been reached

C.has reached

D.had reached 18.-______ you ______ him around the museum yet?（江蘇卷）-Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have … shown

B.Do … show C.Had … shown

D.Did … show 19.-Ouch!You hurt me!

-I am sorry.But I

any harm.I

to drive a rat out.（江西卷）A.didn't mean;tried

B.don't mean;am trying C.haven't meant;tried

D.didn't mean;was trying 20.-I have got a headache.-No wonder.You

in front of that computer too long.（江西卷）

A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 21.I

there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.（陜西卷）A.would be B.have been C.had been D.will be 22.The unemployment rate in this district

from 6% to 5% in the past two years.（上海春）A．has fallen B．had fallen

C．is fall in

D．was falling 23.John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it

seriously.（上海春）A．damaged B．was being damaged

C．had damaged D．had been damaged 24.When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what ________.（四川卷）A．have marked

B.have been marked

C．had marked

D．had been marked 25.-Did you see a man in black pass by just now?

-No, sir.I ________ a newspaper.（四川卷）

A.read

B.was reading

C.would read

D.am reading 26.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ____ in science and technology.（天津卷）

A.had discovered

B.had been discovered

C.has discovered

D.has been discovered 27.-Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.（浙江卷）-________? That's his third one in just one month.A.Had he

B.Did he

C.Does he

D.Has he

28.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.（浙江卷）

A.hasn't been decided

B.haven't decided

C.isn't being decided

D.aren't decided 29.The play had already been on for quite some time when we ____ at the New Theatre.（浙江卷）

A.have arrived

B.arrived

C.had arrived

D.arrive 30.-Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?-Yes, he did.He ________ his old friends for a long time.（重慶卷）

A.didn't see

B.wouldn't see

C.hasn't seen D.hadn't seen 31.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)_______birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.（重慶卷）

A.is said to be buying

B.is said to have bought

C..had said to buy

D.has said to have bought 32.-Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?-As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he _______.（重慶卷）A.writes B.does writing

C.is writing

D.does write 33.When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone.Where______?（重慶卷）A.did you go

B.have you gone

C.were you

D.had you been 34.-Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?

-Yes, I have.I guess it ______ now.（遼寧卷）

A.has graded

B.is graded

C.is being graded

D.is grading 35.-Has your father returned from Africa yet?-Yes, but he _____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.（遼寧卷）A.was

B.has been

C.will be

D.would be 2008年高考

1.-Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?（全國I卷）-Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society.A.has joined B.joins

C.had joined

D.joined 2.The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ______ to arrive.（全國I卷）A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects

D.will be expected 3.-----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?（安徽卷）

-----Yes, I did.You know, my brother ________ in the match.A.is playing

B.was playing

C.has played

D.had played 4.I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.（安徽卷）A.taught

B.have taught

C.are taught

D.have been taught 5.So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.（福建卷）A.saw

B.see

C.had seen

D.have seen 6.I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through.Her brother _____ on the phone all the time!（湖南卷）

A.was talking

B.has been talking

C.has talked

D.talked 7.Well, I'm thinking about the salary….（湖南卷）

A.offer

B.will offer

C.are offered

D.will be offered 8.-I'm sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.-I think so.He ______ for it for months.（江蘇卷）A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing 9.By the time he realizes he ______ into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.（山東卷）A.walks

B.walked C.has walked D.had walked 10.I ______it to you this morning!（浙江卷）

A.would lend

B.was lending

C.had lent

D.lent 20.-What's that noise?（浙江卷）

-Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______ A.was tested

B.will be tested

C.is being tested

D.has been tested 21.-Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?-Who _______ it?（北京卷）

A.writes

B.has written

C.wrote

D.had written 22.The hotel wasn't particularly good.But I ____ in many worse hotels（北京卷）.A.was staying

B, stayed

C.would stay

D.had stayed 23.No decision

about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.（北京卷）

A.will be made

B.is made

C.is being made

D.has been made 24.He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.（天津卷）A.was playing

B.played

C.has played

D.had played 25.Judy is going to marry the sailor she __ in Rome last year.（重慶卷）A.meets

B.met

C.has met

D.would meet 26.He __ as a national hero for winning the first gold metal for his country in the Olympics.（重慶卷）

A.regarded

B.was regarded

C.has regarded

D.had been regarded 27.Teenagers __ their health because they play computer games too much.（重慶卷）A.have damaged

B.are damaging

C.damaged

D.will damage 28.Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(上海卷)Terry? Never!She ___ tents and fresh air!A.has hated

B.hated

C.will hate

D.hates 29.In recent years many football clubs ___ as business to make a profit.(上海卷)A.have run

B.have been run C.had been run D.will run

參考答案

時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練1 I.1.will never reach

2.missed

3.was;staring

4.asked

5.began

6.hadn't been invited

7.wrote

8.had seen

9.had hoped

10.was caught 11.didn't read

12.proved

13.had left

14.didn't realize

15.lose II.1.was holding

2.was starting

3.was waiting

4.was doing

5.had played;was going to do

6.will;see

7.were

8.will be

9.had been waiting

10.was asked 時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練2 1-10 DBCCC CDCCB

11-20 AABCA DBCDC

時態(tài)語態(tài)強化訓練

1-5 BCCDD

6-10 ABBDB

11-15 ACACA

16-21 DBBCD

21-22 DA

時態(tài)語態(tài)高考題 2007年高考

1-5 CCBCA 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 CADCB

16-20 DBADC 21-25CADBB 26-30 DBABD

31-35BBCCA 2008年高考題

1-5 DABDD

6-10 ACDCA

11-15 CDACA 26-29 BBDB

21-25CDABB 16-20 ABBDC

第三篇：關于時態(tài)語態(tài)歷年真題與解析訓練匯總

1．(2016新課標Ⅰ，62)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base，where ticket money helps pay for research.I ________(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.

【答案與解析】was allowed句意：……在這個占地六百英畝的中心，我被允許靠近這些可愛的動物。由語境可知作者被允許接近這些動物，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。

2．(2016新課標Ⅲ，62)Truly elegant chopsticks might ________(make)of gold and silver with Chinese characters.【答案與解析】be made句意：真正考究的筷子可能是由具有中國特色的金或銀制成的。make和chopsticks之間是動賓關系，應用被動語態(tài)，空格前有might，所以用be made。

3．(2016四川，61)The giant panda________(love)by people throughout the world.【答案與解析】is loved句意：大熊貓被全世界人民所喜愛。主語the giant panda和動詞love構成被動關系，故應用一般現在時的被動語態(tài)。

4．(2016四川，69)Then，after two and a half years，the mother ________(drive)the young panda away.【答案與解析】drove句意：然后，兩年半之后這位母親趕走了熊貓寶寶。根據句意可知，此處應用一般過去時。

5．(2016浙江，5)While online shopping ________(change)our life，not all of its effects have been positive.【答案與解析】has changed句意：盡管網上購物已經改變了我們的生活，但是并不是所有的影響都是積極的。主語是online shopping，結合語境以及后面的have been可知，這里要用現在完成時。

6．(2016浙江，9)Silk ________(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.【答案與解析】had become句意：到公元前100年為止，絲綢已經成為絲綢之路上交易的主要商品之一。by about 100 BC是時間狀語，這里強調到公元前100年為止，所以要用過去完成時。

7．(2016北京，21)Jack ________(work)in the lab when the power cut occurred.【答案與解析】was working句意：杰克正在實驗室里工作的時候突然停電了。本句使用了be doing sth.when...句式，表示“正在做某事，突然……”，此時主句用過去進行時，分句用一般過去時。

8．(2016北京，23)—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for?

—The new Star Wars.We ________(wait)here for more than two hours.【答案與解析】have been waiting句意：——對不起，你們在等什么電影？——新版的《星球大戰(zhàn)》。我們在這里等了兩個多小時了。根據時間狀語判斷，語境表示在過去很長時間里一直在做某事，并且還將繼續(xù)，此時應用現在完成進行時。

9．(2016北京，25)I ________(read)half of the English novel，and I'll try to finish it at the weekend.【答案與解析】have read句意：這本英語小說我已經讀了一半，這個周末我將盡力把它讀完。語境表示“已經讀了一半”，應該用現在完成時表示過去發(fā)生并且對現在有影響的動作。

10．(2016北京，30)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________(reward)with success in the end.【答案與解析】will be rewarded句意：這些學生一直在努力學習功課，他們的努力最終會以成功作為回報。由語境可知，學生的努力會得到回報是將來的動作，故用一般將來時；reward和their efforts之間是被動關系，故用被動語態(tài)。

11．(2016天津，3)When walking down the street，I came across David，whom I ________(see)for years.【答案與解析】hadn't seen句意：在街上散步時，我偶遇了大衛(wèi)。我已經很多年沒見過他了。“我很多年沒見過他”發(fā)生在came across之前，表示“過去的過去”，應用過去完成時。

12．(2015新課標Ⅰ，61)It was raining lightly when I ________(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.【答案與解析】arrived句意：黃昏前我到達陽朔時正下著小雨，但是我不在意。由主句 “It was raining.” 可知這里應用一般過去時。

13．(2015新課標Ⅱ，68)This cycle ________(go)day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.【答案與解析】goes句意：這個循環(huán)日復一日的進行……主語this cycle為單數形式；結合時間狀語day after day可知，表示經常發(fā)生的情況，須用一般現在時，故填goes。

14．(2015北京，30)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I________(call)him later.【答案與解析】will call句意：——杰克遜醫(yī)生現在不在辦公室。——好的。我一會兒打給他。根據發(fā)話者的is not...at the moment及答語中的later可知，在這種情況下，答話者將晚點打電話給他，用一般將來時態(tài)。

15．(2015北京，22)—Did you enjoy the party?

—Yes，we ________(treat)well by our hosts.【答案與解析】were treated句意：——你喜歡那個派對嗎？——喜歡，我們受到了主人熱情的款待。根據上一句的時態(tài)可知，這里使用一般過去時態(tài)；we和treat之間是被動關系，所以這里使用被動語態(tài)。結合起來這里用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。

16．(2015北京，27)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann's house?

—Not really.She ________(give)us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.【答案與解析】had given句意：——你們找到安的家費了很大力氣嗎？——沒有。她給了我們清楚的指示，所以我們很容易就找到了。因為找到安的家發(fā)生在過去，所以安給出指示應該發(fā)生在過去的過去，所以這里使用過去完成時態(tài)。

17．(2015福建，26)To my delight，I________(choose)from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.【答案與解析】was chosen句意：令我高興的是，在成百上千的申請者中我被選中參加開幕式。主語和謂語是被動關系，所以要用被動語態(tài)，而且發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。

18．(2015湖南，22)As you go through this book，you ______(find)that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.【答案與解析】will find句意：當你瀏覽這本書的時候，你會發(fā)現那些經歷過二戰(zhàn)的幾百萬人中，每一個人都有不同的經歷。時間狀語從句使用的是一般現在時態(tài)，所以主句使用一般將來時。

19．(2015湖南，25)I wasn't able to hide my eagerness when I ________(ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？”

【答案與解析】asked句意：當我問“你希望我現在做什么？”的時候我掩飾不住自己的渴望。因為主句使用的是一般過去時態(tài)，所以when引導的從句使用一般過去時。

20．(2015安徽，22)If you come to visit China，you ________(experience)a culture of amazing depth and variety.【答案與解析】will experience句意：如果你來中國參觀，你就會體驗有著驚人深度且多元化的文化。因為if條件句使用的是一般現在時態(tài)，所以主句使用一般將來時。

21．(2015安徽，24)Just as I got to the school gate，I realised I ________(leave)my book in the cafe.【答案與解析】had left句意：當我到達學校門口的時候，我才意識到我把我的書落在了咖啡館里。由句意可知我“到達校門口”發(fā)生在過去，“丟書”在這個動作在前，所以這里使用過去完成時。

22．(2015安徽，29)It is reported that a space station ______(build)on the moon in years to come.【答案與解析】will be built句意：據報道，在未來的幾年里，月球上將會建起一個太空站。根據時間狀語in years to come可知，本句使用一般將來時，又因為space station與build之間是被動關系，所以這里使用被動語態(tài)。結合起來，這里使用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。

23．(2015四川，4)More expressways ________(build)in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.【答案與解析】will be built句意：為了促進當地經濟發(fā)展，更多的高速公路將很快在四川建造。根據時間狀語soon及expressways與build之間的被動關系可知應用will be built，即一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。

24．(2015陜西，22)Marty ________(work)really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.【答案與解析】has been working句意：馬蒂一直非常賣力地在寫他的書，并且他覺得到星期五他就會寫完了。現在完成進行時態(tài)表示發(fā)生在過去的動作持續(xù)到現在并沒有結束，將一直持續(xù)下去。

25．(2015天津，6)Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she ________(teach)a class at that time.【答案與解析】will be teaching句意：簡不能出席今天下午3點的會議了，因為在那個時間她正在上課。at that time提示此處表示將來的某個時間點將正在發(fā)生的動作。

26．(2015天津，9)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement ________(reach)so far by the two sides.【答案與解析】has been reached句意：盡管先前進行了幾輪的談判，但是迄今為止，兩邊還沒有達成任何協(xié)議。考查現在完成時態(tài)，提示詞為so far，由agreement可知用單數形式。

27．(2016新課標Ⅰ，61)In 1969，the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland，Ohio.It ________(be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.【答案與解析】was句意：在1969年，俄亥俄州克利夫蘭市附近的凱霍加河沿岸污染嚴重，難以想象它能夠被清理干凈。根據前一句的in 1969及本句中從句的時態(tài)判斷，本句應用一般過去時。

28．(2016新課標Ⅱ，45)．...So I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike ________(catch)my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.【答案與解析】caught句意：……我能很好地看到人行道，一個騎自行車的男孩子吸引了我的注意。他在公交車旁邊騎行并揮舞著手臂。所填的詞是句子的謂語，根據上下文時態(tài)可知，catch my attention發(fā)生在過去，故填caught。

29．(2016江西南昌高三10月聯(lián)考)．...for more and more students would drop out of school if their personal safety could not ________(guarantee)．

【答案與解析】be guaranteed句意：……因為如果他們的個人安全得不到保障，那么就會有越來越多的學生退學。分析條件狀語從句中主語與謂語動詞的關系可知，應用被動語態(tài)。

30．(2016廣西，22)Unless some extra money ________(find)，the theatre will close.【答案與解析】is found句意：如果找不到額外的資金，這家劇院就會關閉。主句用一般將來時，條件狀語從句用一般現在時表示將來；money與find是被動關系，故填is found，構成一般現在時的被動語態(tài)。

31．(2016山東，5)They made up their minds that they ________(buy)a new house once Larry changed jobs.【答案與解析】would buy句意：他們決定一旦拉里換工作，就購置新房。由主句時態(tài)判斷，buy是在過去某個時間看來將要發(fā)生的，故填would buy。

32．(2016四川，9)She ________(phone)someone，so I nodded to her and went away.【答案與解析】was phoning句意：她正在給人打電話，所以我沖她點了點頭就走開了。根據從句判斷，phone是過去某時正在發(fā)生的動作，故填was phoning。

33．(2016北京，31)—What time is it?

—I have no idea.But just a minute，I________(check)it for you.【答案與解析】will check句意：——幾點了？——我也不知道。等一下，我?guī)湍憧匆幌隆８鶕Z境可知，check是臨時打算要做的動作，故用will do，表示將來。

34．(2016重慶，8)James has just arrived，but I didn't know he ________(come)until yesterday.【答案與解析】was coming句意：詹姆斯剛剛到，但是直到昨天我才知道他要來。結合語境可知，我過去不知道他要來，表示“過去將要……”，故填was coming。

35．(2016陜西，22)During his stay in Xi'an，Jerry tried almost all the local foods his friends________(recommend)．

【答案與解析】had recommended句意：在西安逗留期間，杰瑞幾乎品嘗了他的朋友推薦的所有的地方名吃。結合句意可知，“推薦”發(fā)生在“品嘗”之前，因此用過去完成時。

36．(2016福建，23)— Haven't seen you for ages！Where have

you been?

—I went to Ningxia and________(stay)there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.【答案與解析】stayed句意：——好幾年沒見你了！你去哪兒了？——我去了寧夏，在那兒待了一年，作為一名志愿者在那里教學。根據句意，在寧夏待了一年是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故應填stayed。

37．(2016安徽，23)The twins，who ________(finish)their homework，were allowed to play badminton on the playground.【答案與解析】had finished句意：那對雙胞胎已完成家庭作業(yè)，他們被允許在操場上打羽毛球。結合句意可知finish動作在were allowed前發(fā)生，表示“過去的過去”，故填had finished。

38．(2013安徽，24)I'm calling about the apartment you ________(advertise)the other day.Could you tell me more about it?

【答案與解析】advertised句意：我打電話咨詢一下你們前幾天在廣告中介紹的那座房子，你能不能給我詳細介紹一下？由句中的時間狀語the other day可知，這里要用一般過去時。

39．(2013陜西，11)On Monday mornings it usually________(take)me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.【答案與解析】takes句意：雖然實際距離只有20英里，但是在每周一的早上我開車去上班通常會花費一個小時。根據句子中的時間狀語on Monday mornings和副詞usually暗示可知，應該用一般現在時，強調動作的反復性。

40．(2016安徽合肥八中第一次段考)He had wild black hair flecked with gray and ________(wear)a pink shirt and silk slippers.【答案與解析】was wearing句意：他亂亂的黑發(fā)中長有些許白發(fā)，身穿粉紅色的襯衫，腳上穿著一雙絲綢拖鞋。由于描述當時所穿的衣服、鞋子等，故用過去進行時。

41．(2016福建福州十三中期中考試)Then he ________(hide)behind a tree and waited.【答案與解析】hid句意：于是，他躲在樹后等待著。根據and后面的waited可知，與之并列的動作也發(fā)生在過去，須用一般過去時。

42．(2016福建福州十三中期中考試)“The night ________(be)very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”

【答案與解析】will be句意：“夜晚將會漆黑，一些鄰居漆黑中過來就會被這塊石頭絆倒。”根據后面句子中的will come along可知，指將會發(fā)生的情況。

43．(2016山東臨沭一中高三第一次月考)At my school，“dress down” tickets ________(sell)on school days.【答案與解析】are sold句意：我們學校上學日都有“免穿校服”券出售。分析tickets與sell的語義關系可知，應用一般現在時的被動語態(tài)。

44．(2015四川岳池中學高考一輪)I noticed a man sitting at the front.He ________(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.【答案與解析】was pretending句意：我注意到前面坐著一個男人，他一直佯稱老虎玩具是真的并為它配音。pretend是過去動作“注意到前面坐著一個男人”發(fā)生時正在發(fā)生的，故本句用過去進行時。

45．(2015廣西南寧第一次適應性檢測)Oh，it looks like Professor Brown is here.I ________(talk)to you some more after class.【答案與解析】will talk句意：奧，好像布朗教授在這里，下課后再和你聊。根據前一句的時態(tài)及after class判斷，talk是將要發(fā)生的動作，故填will talk。

46．(2015黑龍江大慶高三二模)Years ago，when I was a poor artist trying to sell my paintings in local galleries，I ________(live)in the heart of the city.【答案與解析】lived句意：多年前，我是一個窮畫家，試著在一家當地的美術館賣畫。那時，我住在市中心。由years ago判斷，句子用一般過去時，故填lived。

47．(2015廣西梧州、崇左高三摸底考)She also ________(believe)in healthy diet.And she requires us to have regular meals.【答案與解析】believes句意：她相信健康飲食，并且要求我們按時吃飯。根據后一句的時態(tài)判斷，句子用一般現在時；she作主語，故填第三人稱單數形式believes。

48．(2015山東淄博高三一摸底)We jumped out of the windows as he came in through the door and ________(go)into the kitchen to take some food for the first time.【答案與解析】went句意：他從門口進來時，我們從窗戶跳了出去，第一次從廚房里拿了一些食物。and連接并列謂語，go的形式與前面的jumped一致，故填went。

49．(2015河南洛陽第一次統(tǒng)考)I immediately responded with a smile and my heart felt free of the stress that I ________(carry)．

【答案與解析】was carrying/had been carrying句意：我立刻報以微笑，而且我心中所帶的壓力也釋放了。根據felt free判斷，定語從句的謂語動詞carry是過去某動作之前在進行的/持續(xù)的，可用過去進行時或過去完成進行時，故可填was carrying或had been carrying。

50．(2016山西運城期末調研)Every answer I gave ________(receive)by a frown from the manager.【答案與解析】was received句意：我的每一個答案經理都是皺眉反應。所填詞是句子的謂語，與單數主語every answer之間是被動關系；根據從句時態(tài)判斷用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故填was received。

第四篇：動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)及情態(tài)動詞專練100題(一)解析

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動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)及情態(tài)動詞專練100題(一)

1.— May I have a word with Miss Anna?

— Sorry, she ____ to her friend on the phone.A.is talking

B.has talked

C.talked

D.talks

2.When Nancy was at college, she ____ three foreign languages, but I am surprised to find that she ____ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.had spoken;had forgotten

C.spoke;has forgotten

D.had spoken;has forgotten

3.By the end of next July this building ____.A.will be completed

C.will have been completed

D.has been completed

B.will have completed

4.— Hurry, Mary!You ____ on the phone.— Oh, I ____.Thank you, Mom.A.have wanted;have come

B.will be wanted;will come

C.are being wanted;come

D.are wanted;am coming

5.Because farmland ____ quickly, the government are considering starting a program to solve the problem.A.is being lost

B.is lost

C.is losing

D.loses

6.— What were you doing when I phoned you yesterday evening?

— I ____ just finished my homework and I ____ to watch TV.A.have;am going

B.have;was going

D.had;am going

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7.We ____ dinner at seven o’clock when CCTV ____ to broadcast news.A.are having;will start

D.will have had;starts

C.have;will start

B.will be having;starts

8.— Where are Jack and Mike?

— They ____ the furniture you asked for into the house.A.have been carrying

B.carried

D.were carried

C.have been carried

9.Professor Haley told me that he ____ by many of his students at the railway station.A.had been seen off

B.have been seen off

D.have seen off

C.had seen off

10.As we stood on the top of the hill, we could see the beautiful scene that ____ before us.A.had spread

B.has spread

C.spread

D.spreads

11.An order has come that the police should find out where the thief ____.A.hides

B.was hiding

C.hiding

D.is hidden

12.— You must be surprised and excited to see the film star here.— You’re right.____.A.I don’t expect to see her here

B.I didn’t expect to see her here

C.I am expecting to see her here

D.I expected to see her here

13.Mr.Ham felt that he himself, rather than Alice and Lisa, ____ for the coldness that had grown between them.中學學科網學海泛舟系列資料

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A.were to blame

B.was to be blamed

D.was to blame

C.were to be blamed

14.— What else did you do this morning besides doing the shopping?

— Two hours ____ washing the windows and floor.A.were taken

D.will be spent

C.has taken

B.was spent

15.I’m glad you’ve come, Miss Rose;I ____ you, but you’ve saved me the trouble now.A.am going to call

B.was about to call

D.am to call

C.had called

16.Did you tell me that there ____ an English test the next week?

A.would be

B.will be

C.is

D.were

17.— Did you meet the pianist at the station?

— No, he ____ by the time I ____ there.A.had left;got

B.has left;reached

D.left;had got

C.was leaving;got

18.I should very much like to have gone to that party of theirs, but ____.A.I’m not invited

B.I have not been invited D.I had not been invited

C.I was not invited

19.— How is the boy?

— Sorry.He ____ though the doctor made every effort to save him.A.died

B.was dead

C.had died

D.has been dead

20.— Bob must be wealthy.— Yes, he ____ more in one day than I do in a week.中學學科網學海泛舟系列資料

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A.is earning

B.earns

C.had earned

D.has earned

21.You can certainly leave the classroom as soon as your homework ____.A.has done

B.has been done

D.will have been done

C.will be done

22.— Did you telephone the manager’s office?

— Yes, he ____ back before 9 o’clock this morning.A.expects

B.is expected

C.expected

D.was expected

23.— Would you like to tell me what our teacher said just now?

— She said that light ____ faster than sound.A.travels

B.traveled

C.would travel

D.was traveling

24.— Has William finished writing his graduation paper yet?

— I don’t know exactly, but he ____ all day.A.is writing

B.has been writing

D.wrote

C.was writing

25.When you come into the exhibition hall, you can see a large board with a notice on it, saying visitors ____ not to touch the exhibits.A.will request

B.request

C.are requesting

D.are requested

26.SARS ____ in Hong Kong in the winter of 2002.A.was broken out

B.was broke out D.was breaking out

C.broke out

27.— The Chinese astronaut Yang Liwei is here already.— I ____ he ____ until tomorrow.A.think;is coming

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B.thought;would come

C.didn’t think;was coming

D.don’t think;will come

28.The couple ____.I really don’t know why.A.always quarrel

B.are always quarreling

C.have always quarreled

D.have always been quarreled

29.— My sister finished school three years ago.— What ____ these years?

A.did she do

B.has she been doing D.does she do

C.is she doing

30.— ____ the sports meeting is likely to be put off.— Yes, it all depends on the weather.A.I’ve been told

B.I’ve told D.I told

C.I was telling

31.Thousands of people took part in the work when the old temple ____.A.would be rebuilt

D.had been rebuilt

C.was being rebuilt

B.was rebuilding

32.— Was the trip pleasant when you vacationed in the mountain village last summer?

— No, it ____ for four days when we arrived, so the roads were very muddy.A.was raining

B.would be raining D.have rained

C.had been raining

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33.When and where to build the new school ____ yet.A.have not been decided B.are not decided

C.has not been decided D.has not decided

34.This cloth you bought is cheap, but it ____well.A.is worn

B.wore

C.wears

D.wearing

35.Here ____ the professor and writer as well as his friends.A.has come

B.comes

C.come

D.are coming

36.My money____.I must go to the bank to draw some of my savings out before I’ve none in hand.A.has run out

B.is running out D.is being run out

C.has been run out

37.Be careful!Don’t get the orange juice on your shirt, for it ____.A.isn’t washed out

B.won’t be washed out

D.isn’t washing out

C.won’t wash out

38.Robert ____ me his address the other day, but I’m afraid I ____it.A.had given;lost

B.has given;have lost

D.gives;have lost

C.gave;have lost

39.Shelly ____ California for Texas in 1996 and ____ there ever since.A.left;worked

C.left;has worked

D.has left;worked

B.has left;had worked

40.— I thought I asked you to fix the radio.— Oh, I’m sorry.Mother, I ____ it right now.A.am to do

B.will do

D.am going to do

C.was about to do

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41.If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she ____.A.does

B.has done

C.will do

D.would do

42.He ____ to the airport to meet us, but he had to leave before we arrived.A.did go

B.didn’t go

C.would go

D.had gone

43.I ____ to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.A.intended

B.had intended

D.was intended

C.was intending

44.— Bob has gone to New York, I hear.— Oh, I wonder when he ____.A.had left

B.leaves

C.left

D.was leaving

45.— Look at the black clouds.It ___soon.— Sure.If only we ____out.A.is raining;didn’t come

B.is to rain;won’t start

C.will rain;haven’t started

D.is going to rain;hadn’t come

46.She ____ to the office than she got down to writing the report.A.has no sooner got

B.had hardly got

D.had no sooner got

C.no sooner got

47.Beijing Children’s Library ____ four branch libraries in different districts.They can receive more readers than before.A.will set up

B.has been set up

D.set up

C.has set up

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48.— Can you attend the conference tomorrow, Bob?

— I think I can when my stomachache ____ completely.A.will disappear

B.is disappearing

D.will have disappeared

C.disappears

49.I don’t know what decision ____ at the conference, as Mike hasn’t reported to me yet.A.is made

B.was made

C.has made

D.had made

50.— Do you smoke?

— No, I don’t.It’s two years since I ____.A.smoked

B.have smoked

C.has smoked

D.don’t smoke

答案及解析：

1.A。根據sorry一詞可以判斷出Anna小姐正在給她朋友打電話,故用現在進行時。

2.C。Nancy上大學時講三門外語,用一般過去時符合題意;從but I am surprised to find...來看,應該是敘述她目前對這三門外語的掌握情況,故用現在完成時。

3.C。“by the end of +表將來的時間”通常和將來完成時連用。complete用作及物動詞,此處要用被動語態(tài)。

4.D。You are wanted on the phone.為固定表達;“I am coming.”意思是“(我)來啦!”,符合上下文語意。

5.A。從主句的時態(tài)可以判斷出,要解決的問題是目前存在的問題;從quickly一詞可以看出用進行時態(tài)合適,故選A。

6.C。問句是問過去發(fā)生的事,因此,答語中要用過去時態(tài)才符合邏輯。

7.B。“will be doing sth.”為將來進行時,口語中常用此時態(tài)表示將來某時正發(fā)生的事。該題從句中用一般現在時表示一段時間或很長時間內不變的計劃或安排。

8.A。“杰克和邁克一直在往屋里搬運‘你’要的家具。”這句話正是英語中現在完成進行時常表達的含義。

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9.A。學生為Haley教授送行的事實發(fā)生在他告訴我之前,故而要用過去完成時。

10.C。此處的spread為過去式,作不及物動詞用。

11.D。“be hidden”表示躲藏的狀態(tài);選項B時態(tài)錯誤。

12.B。“I didn’t expect to...”表示“我原沒有料到……”,符合題意。

13.D。從句中的主語是he,因此A、C不正確;“be to blame”是固定結構,意為“應該受到責備”。

14.B。問句問的是過去發(fā)生的事,答語也應用過去時;“spend time(in)doing sth.(花費時間做某事)”是固定結構。

15.B。從“but you’ve saved me the trouble now”可以判斷出“我”沒有給“你”打電話,因此“was about to call(剛要打電話)”符合題意。

16.A。主從句的時態(tài)通常應保持一致。這兒用過去將來時態(tài)符合題意。

17.A。“by the time”通常和過去完成時或將來完成時連用,其引導的從句通常使用一般過去時或一般現在時。根據問句,應選A。

18.C。“我”本來非常想參加他們的晚會,可是沒人邀請。談的是過去發(fā)生的事,用一般過去時符合題意。

19.A。強調“死”這個動作?熏用die;強調“死”的狀態(tài)?熏用be dead。根據從句中的時態(tài)來看,選A合適。

20.B。

21.B。在時間狀語從句中可以用現在完成時表示將來, 強調從句的動作發(fā)生在主句謂語所表示動作之前。

22.B。“he is expected...”意為“人們預計他……”。

23.A。表示客觀真理常用一般現在時。

24.B。表示“一整天都在做某事(此時該動作還沒有結束)”要用現在完成進行時。

25.D。“request sb.(not)to do sth.要求某人(不要)做某事”是固定結構,根據題干,應使用被動語態(tài)。

26.C。break out(爆發(fā))沒有被動語態(tài)。

27.C。在此之前,“我”認為“楊利偉”明天才能到這兒,此題應注意否定轉移和not...until...句型。

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28.B。always同進行時態(tài)連用通常表示說話者贊揚、責備、厭惡等情緒。

29.B。“這些年她都在做什么?”要用現在完成進行時來表示。

30.A。根據賓語從句中的時態(tài)可以判斷出正確答案,選項B的錯誤在于told后缺間接賓語。

31.C。用過去進行時的被動語態(tài)表示動作的持續(xù)。

32.C。根據題意及“for four days”,應采用過去完成進行時。

33.C。when and where to build the new school指的是“一件事”,故謂語動詞用單數形式,且decide一詞用作及物動詞,所以應用被動語態(tài)。

34.B。wear well意為“耐用”。某些可以用來表達事物內在品質或屬性的動詞(如:draw, read, sell, wash, write, open, shut),常用主動形式表示被動含義。

35.B。

36.B。由后文看出, 錢還未用完,故用現在進行時表將來。

37.C。解析見34。38.C。

39.C。由于有明確的過去時間(in 1996),故第一空應用left;ever since常與完成時態(tài)連用。

40.B。此處用 will do表示臨時決定要做的事。

41.A。主句用一般將來時,until/ when/ before / unless/if等引導的從句常用一般現在時表將來。

42.A。助動詞does/do/did +動詞原形, 起加強語氣的作用。

43.B。had intended/ thought/ planned/ wanted / expected/ hoped to do sth.等常用來表示主語未曾達到的希望、愿望或打算。

44.C。

45.D。be going to do sth.常見的用法為:①表示按計劃或安排打算去做某事,②表示有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事, 此題是第二個用法。if only引起的句子中謂語部分要用虛擬語氣, 與過去事實相反時, 用過去完成時。

46.D。在no sooner...than...句型中,主句用過去完成時,從句常用一般過去時。

47.C。

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48.C。

49.B。

50.A。since從句中動詞若為延續(xù)性動詞, 則意為“自從不……以來”。

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第五篇：高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)總結

十六種時態(tài)

1.一般現在時

用法：A)表示現在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B)習慣用語。

C)經常性、習慣性動作。例：He always helps others.（他總是幫助別人。）

D)客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現在時，則無法保持 主句、從句時態(tài)一致。E)表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表示“來、去、動、停、開始、結束、繼續(xù)”等動詞)可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用。常見用法是：飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。）How often does this shuttle bus run?（這班車多久一趟？）

F)在時間和條件狀語從句里經常用一般現在（有時也用現在完成時）表示將來事 情。

例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成這份報告的時候，我就已經等了將近3個小時了。）

2.現在進行時(be doing)用法：現在正在進行的動作。

3.現在完成時(have done)

用法：A)表示動作到現在為止已經完成或剛剛完成。

例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell答案（C)

B)表示從過去某時刻開始，持續(xù)到現在的動作或情況，并且有可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時經常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點，或for 加一段時間，或by加一個現在時間。

例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challengeB)may be challengedC)have been challengedD)are challenging全句意思是：“雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物，但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現代科學家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物動詞，在本句中應是被動語態(tài)；動作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現在完成時態(tài)。可見答案是

C)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主動語態(tài)，不可能是答案。B)may be challenged雖是被動語態(tài)，但意思與全句內容不合，不對。C)表示發(fā)生在過去，但對現在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。例：John has broken his left leg.約翰摔斷了左腿。注意事項：A)現在完成時是聯(lián)系過去和現在的紐帶。現在完成時和過去時的區(qū)別在于：現在完成時強調動作的動態(tài)，或受動態(tài)的影響，是動態(tài)的結果，對現在有影響；過去時只表示過去的某個具體時間里發(fā)生的動作，與現在沒有聯(lián)系。例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個過去的事實，他現在已經不在那家醫(yī)院了。）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作，一直工作到現在，現在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）

B)因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時，有動態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點，所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。例：My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（終端動詞）My sister has been married for 5 years.（過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third?? time that??”句型里要求用完成時。

例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產品第二次參加國際展覽會。）

D)句型“It is/ has been??since”所使用的兩種時態(tài)都正確。

例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見到他以來已經10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ??when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中，主句要求完成時。例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見過那位教授。）

4.現在完成進行時(have been doing)

用法：表示某一動作開始于過去某一時間，延續(xù)或重復地出現至今，或將繼續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個項目，已經花了一個多月時間了。）注意事項：與現在完成時相比，現在完成進行時更強調：在從過去到現在的時間里，動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復出現。

例：（1997年6月四級第45 題）It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take

the machine apart to put it right.A)had leakedB)is leakingC)leakedD)has been leaking

從本題上下文看，這兩個句子的意思是：“看來，這個管道漏油已有一段時間了，我們將不得不拆卸機器排除故障。”第二句表示將要采取的措施。第一句動作發(fā)生在第二句之前，并且延續(xù)到現在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此，空格中需用現在完成時或現在完成進行時。D)has been leaking是現在完成進行時，因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B)is leaking。由于本句有時間狀語for some time，表示謂語動作延續(xù)，謂語不能用現在進行時，必須用和完成時有關的時態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C)leaked或A)had leaked。是因為他們沒有注意到本題第二句是一般將來時，所以第一句的謂語不能用過去時或過去完成時。

5.一般過去時

用法：A)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。

B)表示過去習慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達的句型，本身表示的 就是過去時。

例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數個小時，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）

He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）

C)有時可代替一般現在時，表達一種婉轉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借車用一用，可以嗎？）

Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）

注意事項： A)注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應該是表示過去某個時間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因為這樣的時間狀語都與現在有關系，應該用現在完成時或一般現在時。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別：你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對。

Used to do經常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結構進行對比。前者表示“過去常常或過去曾經”，要求加動詞原形；后者表示“習慣于”，要求加名詞或動名詞。

6.過去完成時(had done)

用法：表示在過去的某個時間或動作以前已經發(fā)生的動作或已經存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說的：表示“過去的過去的動作或狀態(tài)”。Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A)didn't hear C)hasn't heard B)hasn't been hearing D)hadn't heard

全句的意思是：“到那時為止，他家里已經有六個月沒得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，謂語動詞的動作延續(xù)到過去的某一時刻才完成，因此謂語要用過去完成時。答案是D)。其它選項中：A)didn't hear，因為一般過去時只表示過去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，所以不能與時間狀語for six months連用。B)hasn't been hearing，現在完成進行時表示過去某時刻繼續(xù)到現在或現在還在進行的動作，與題意不符。C)hasn't heard，現在完成時表示從過去某一時刻到現在為止發(fā)生的動作。而題中的then只表示過去的某一時刻，不能表示現在時間。注意事項：“過去的過去”這種邏輯關系常通過上下文體現出來，而不一定受某個時間狀語的限制。

例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（剛才有人在我們的房間里，因為我們打開前門進來時，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。）分析：雖然時間狀語是just now，似乎應該使用一般過去時，但是“在房間里”這個狀態(tài)是在“開門”和“注意”這兩個過去的動作之前就存在的，所以應該用過去完成時。

7.過去將來時(would/ should do)

用法：表示從過去的某個時間看將要發(fā)生的事。

例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.（我星期四說我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。）事項：由于過去將來時是由過去時和將來時組合而成的，所以其注意事項可以參考過去時和將來時的相關注意事項。

8.過去進行時(was/ were doing)

用法：A)表示在過去一個比較具體的時間正在發(fā)生的動作。

例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.（10分鐘前，瑪麗正在聽輕音樂。）

B)如果when, while這樣的時間狀語引導詞所引導的主從句之一是一般過去時，則另一個句子常用過去進行時。例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.（你敲前門時我正在洗頭發(fā)。）注意事項：其它與將來時有關的事項請參見下面所講的一般將來時。

9.一般將來時

用法：A)基本結構是will / shall do。例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工制品，作為給她的生日禮物。）

B)有些動詞，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進行時，并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用，可以表示將來時。

例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我媽媽下周將來看我，并會呆到5月。）

C)表示“打算去??，要??”時，可用be going to do。

例：This is just what I am going to say.（這正是我想說的。）

D)表示“即將、正要”時，可用be about to do。強調近期內或馬上要做的事。

例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.別擔心，我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查E)“be to do”的5種用法：

a)表示“按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你準會在實驗室見到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語氣。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺，不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內就要到了。）

c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近can, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）

d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來將要發(fā)生的事情。

例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attendedB.will be attended toC.is attendedD.is attended to

will be attended to關鍵的一點是：attend表示“處理，解決”時是不及物動詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應該用將來時的被動語態(tài)。答案是B。

e)用于條件從句“如果??想，設想”（接近if ??want to,或if ??should）

例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to beB)can beC)will beD)has been

答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必須作出更大努力來增加農業(yè)產量。”F)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。

例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.（教練想要放棄這場比賽了，因為對方已經射進了7個球。）

例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回來的時候，他的身體已經好多了。）

10.將來進行時(will be doing)

用法：強調在將來的某個具體時間正在發(fā)生的動作或事情。

例：Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（別擔心，你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。）

注意事項：由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的，所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項，可參考“一般將來時”和“現在進行時”的有關注意事項。

11.將來完成時(will have done)

用法：表示從將來的某一時間開始、延續(xù)到另一個將來時間的動作或狀態(tài)，或是發(fā)生在某個將來時間，但對其后的另一個將來時間有影響的動作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現在完成時平移到時間軸的將來時時段一樣。其用法從和過去及現在有關，變成了和將來及將來的將來有關。

本題考核謂語動詞的時態(tài)。全句的意思是：“會議從開始到結束將持續(xù)整整一個星期。”句中by the time it ends表示動作要延續(xù)到將來某一時刻，因此要用將來完成時。答案是B)will have lasted。如果選A)，因為情態(tài)動詞must后面接動詞不定式的完成時形式表示對已經發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測，而本句的時間狀語是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了時態(tài)不呼應的錯誤。Would雖可以表示推測或可能性，但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作，所以C)would last錯誤。因為D)has lasted是現在完成時，表示到現在為止已經完成的動作，不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作，所以也不正確。

注意事項：由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和完成時融合在一起的，所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項，可以參考“一般將來時”和“現在完成時”的有關注意事項。

12)將來完成進行時：（shall have been doing，will have been doing）

例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.（到下個月底為止，這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。）（被動語態(tài)）

13)過去完成進行時：（had been doing）

例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.（我回到家之前，我10歲大的兒子已經把這個舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。）（此處強調“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個過去的過去的動作一直在反復進行。）（被動語態(tài)）

14)過去將來進行時：（should be doing , would be doing）

例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.（政府承諾說第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。）（此句的時間狀語是具體的將來時間，所以最好用將來進行時。）（被動語態(tài)）

15)過去將來完成時：（should have done , would have done）

例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.（我堅信到那年年底為止，那個軟件的新版本將被開發(fā)出來。但是我錯了。）（此句為被動語態(tài)）

16)過去將來完成進行時：（should have been doing , would have been doing）

例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.（他們說到第二個月底為止，這項工程就已經不停地進行了3年了。）

高中英語被動語態(tài)總結

一、被動語態(tài)的構成形式

1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化 被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式, 被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are +done(過去分詞)一般現在時例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 現在完成時例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 現在進行時例A new cinema is being built here．

4）was/were done 一般過去時 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 過去完成時 例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 過去進行時 例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般將來時 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 過去將來時 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 將來完成時（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.10）should/would have been done 過去將來完成時（少用）

2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結構形式

1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結構。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter

2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)當“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語，其余不動。

Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞＋介詞”，“動詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被動語態(tài)(一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài))。