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2018年江蘇高考專(zhuān)題一語(yǔ)法知識(shí):第1講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)

時(shí)間:2019-05-14 20:42:51下載本文作者:會(huì)員上傳
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第一篇:2018年江蘇高考專(zhuān)題一語(yǔ)法知識(shí):第1講動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)

第1講 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)

1.He hurried home,never once looking back to see if he________.(2017·江蘇,27)A.was being followed

C.had been followed

答案 A 解析 句意為:他匆忙回家了,一次也沒(méi)有回頭看看他是否正被跟蹤。這里if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻(hurried home)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。又因he與follow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。綜合可知選A項(xiàng)。

2.He’s been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background.(2017·江蘇,31)A.hasn’t qualified

C.doesn’t qualify

答案 C 解析 句意為:他已被告知,因?yàn)樗膶W(xué)術(shù)背景,他沒(méi)有獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的資格。本空的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞qualify在這里用作不及物動(dòng)詞,表示“有資格,有權(quán)利”,此處并不表示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作,而是說(shuō)明“他沒(méi)有資格”這一實(shí)際情況,因此用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的否定式doesn’t qualify。3.—________ that company to see how they think of our product yesterday? —Yes.They are happy with it.(2017·北京,24)A.Did you call

C.Will you call

答案 A 解析 句意為:——昨天你給那家公司打電話詢(xún)問(wèn)他們對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品印象如何了嗎?——打

B.Have you called D.Were you calling B.hadn’t qualified D.wasn’t qualifying B.was following D.followed 過(guò)了,他們對(duì)我們的產(chǎn)品很滿(mǎn)意。由yesterday(昨天)可知,句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。D項(xiàng)是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),與語(yǔ)境不符。

4.In the 1950s in the USA,most families had just one phone at home,and wireless phones ________ yet.(2017·北京,29)A.haven’t invented B.haven’t been invented C.hadn’t invented D.hadn’t been invented 答案 D 解析 句意為:在20世紀(jì)50年代的美國(guó),大多數(shù)家庭家里僅有一部電話,那時(shí)無(wú)線電話還沒(méi)有被發(fā)明出來(lái)。由in the 1950s可知句子說(shuō)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,又由yet可知,要用完成時(shí),故空格處用過(guò)去完成時(shí);又因phones與invent之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。綜合可知,選D項(xiàng)。

5.People ________ better access to health care than they used to,and they’re living longer as a result.(2017·北京,33)A.will have

C.had

答案 B 解析 句意為:人們有了比過(guò)去更便捷的醫(yī)療服務(wù),因此人們更長(zhǎng)壽了。句子說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在的情況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),選B項(xiàng)。have access to有權(quán)使用,有機(jī)會(huì)接近。

6.I_______ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.(2017·天津,8)A.was driving

C.would drive

答案 A 解析 句意為:我正開(kāi)車(chē)去倫敦,這時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)我走錯(cuò)路了。be doing...when...是固定句式,表示“正在做??這時(shí)??”。

7.More efforts,as reported,________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform.(2016·江蘇,22)A.a(chǎn)re made

C.a(chǎn)re being made

B.will be made D.have been made B.have driven D.drove B.have D.had had 答案 B 解析 句意為:據(jù)報(bào)道,為加快供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革今后幾年要付出更多的努力。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the years ahead可知,此處要用一般將來(lái)時(shí),再結(jié)合主語(yǔ)more efforts與動(dòng)詞make之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系可知答案為B。

8.Dashan,who ________ crosstalk,the Chinese comedic tradition,for decades,wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.(2016·江蘇,29)A.will be learning

C.had been learning

答案 D 解析 句意為:大山已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)相聲——中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)喜劇形式——數(shù)十年了,他想把中國(guó)相聲與西方單口相聲融合起來(lái)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for decades和主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞wants可知,此處表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在(有可能延續(xù)到將來(lái))的動(dòng)作,故此處要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。9.Jack ________ in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016·北京,21)A.works

C.was working

答案 C 解析 句意為:杰克正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里工作這時(shí)突然停電了。be doing...when...(某人)正在做某事,這時(shí)??,是固定句式。由occurred可知停電是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某一具體時(shí)刻,故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),選C。

10.The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.(2016·北京,30)A.rewarded

C.will reward

答案 D 解析 句意為:學(xué)生們一直努力學(xué)習(xí)功課,他們的付出最終會(huì)獲得成功的。由句意可知,reward這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在have been working之后,故用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài);efforts和reward之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選D。

11.When walking down the street,I came across David,whom I ____ for years.(2016·天津,3)A.didn’t see

C.hadn’t seen

B.haven’t seen D.wouldn’t see B.were rewarded D.will be rewarded B.has worked D.would work B.is learning D.has been learning 答案 C 解析 句意為:沿街走路時(shí),我偶然遇到了戴維,我們已有好幾年沒(méi)見(jiàn)了。“沒(méi)見(jiàn)”表示的動(dòng)作在came across之前,且for years是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志,所以應(yīng)選表示過(guò)去完成時(shí)的hadn’t seen。

12.—Excuse me,which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars.We ________ here for more than two hours.(2016·北京,23)A.waited

C.would be waiting

答案 D 解析 句意為:——請(qǐng)問(wèn),你們?cè)诘饶膱?chǎng)電影?——新的《星球大戰(zhàn)》,我們?cè)谶@兒已經(jīng)等了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)了。由句中時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“for more than two hours”可知,動(dòng)作從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,并對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了直接影響,且動(dòng)作還可能繼續(xù),故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選D。

13.I ________ half of the English novel,and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend.(2016·北京,25)A.read

C.a(chǎn)m reading

答案 B 解析 句意為:我已經(jīng)讀完這本英文小說(shuō)的一半了,我會(huì)爭(zhēng)取在周末讀完。前一分句表示到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作,并且這個(gè)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況仍有影響,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。14.The real reason why prices ________,and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.(2015·江蘇,30)A.were

C.have been

答案 A 解析 句意為:物價(jià)過(guò)去很高,現(xiàn)在依然居高不下,其真正原因是復(fù)雜的,不是兩三句話能圓滿(mǎn)解釋的。根據(jù)空格后面的and still are(而且現(xiàn)在仍然是)判斷,前面是指物價(jià)過(guò)去的情況,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故選A項(xiàng)。

15.—Dr Jackson is not in his office at the moment.—All right.I ________ him later.(2015·北京,30)A.will call

C.call

B.have called D.will be calling B.will be D.had been B.have read D.will read B.wait

D.have been waiting 答案 A 解析 句意為:——Jackson博士現(xiàn)在不在他的辦公室里。——好的。過(guò)一會(huì)兒我再給他打電話。由句中的later可知此處要用一般將來(lái)時(shí),故選A。

16.Jane can’t attend the meeting at 3 o’clock this afternoon because she ________ a class at that time.(2015·天津,6)A.will teach

C.has taught

答案 D 解析 句意為:簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午3點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議,因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)她將在授課。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at that time指的是前面的at 3 o’clock this afternoon,表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在做某事,要用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。17.Despite the previous rounds of talks,no agreement________ so far by the two sides.(2015·天津,9)A.has been reached

C.will reach

答案 A 解析 句意為:盡管之前進(jìn)行了多輪會(huì)談,但到目前為止雙方還沒(méi)達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far可知此處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語(yǔ)agreement與動(dòng)詞reach之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式。

18.Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child,few people guessed that he ________ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.(2015·浙江,8)A.has been

C.was going to be

答案 C 解析 句意為:阿爾伯特·愛(ài)因斯坦生于1879年。孩提時(shí),很少有人會(huì)猜想到他能成為其理論會(huì)改變世界的著名科學(xué)家。由語(yǔ)境可知,此處指在愛(ài)因斯坦小時(shí)候人們所猜想的,表示“從過(guò)去看將來(lái)會(huì)發(fā)生的事情”,要用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),用would/should do,was/were to do或者was/were going to do表示,故C項(xiàng)正確。

19.That’s why I help brighten people’s days.If you ________,who’s to say that another person will?(2015·湖南,35)A.didn’t

B.don’t B.had been D.was B.was reached D.will have reached B.would teach D.will be teaching C.weren’t

答案 B

D.haven’t 解析 句意為:那就是為什么我要幫助人們使他們天天心情愉快。如果你不那樣做的話,誰(shuí)能說(shuō)另一個(gè)人會(huì)那樣做呢?本句中if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,從句中需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

20.To my delight,I ________ from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015·福建,26)A.was chosen

C.would choose

答案 A 解析 句意為:令我高興的是,在幾百個(gè)申請(qǐng)者中我被選中參加開(kāi)幕式了。首先,句子主語(yǔ)I和choose是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);其次,本句是對(duì)過(guò)去所發(fā)生事情的客觀描述,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

B.was being chosen D.had chosen

一、幾種易混的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的比較 1.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較

(1)用兩種時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)表述發(fā)生在過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果;而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表達(dá)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),和現(xiàn)在關(guān)系不大。She has cleaned the room.It’s very clean now.她打掃了房間。現(xiàn)在非常干凈。

此句中的has cleaned就不能改為cleaned,因?yàn)閏lean這一動(dòng)作的結(jié)果仍與現(xiàn)狀有關(guān)。(2)漢語(yǔ)中的“了”“過(guò)”“曾”等詞常用完成時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá),I have seen that film.我看過(guò)那部電影了。

但是如果是在過(guò)去的特定時(shí)間“看了”或“做過(guò)”,就不可用完成時(shí)而必須用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表達(dá)。

—When did you see that film? —I saw it yesterday.——你什么時(shí)候看了那部電影? ——我昨天看的。

2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是某個(gè)剛剛完成的動(dòng)作,或某個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果;現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性,還可表示動(dòng)作的重復(fù)。

Shakespeare’s play Hamlet has been made into at least ten different films over the past years.莎士比亞的戲劇《哈姆雷特》在過(guò)去的幾年里至少被拍成了十部不同的電影。—Hi,Tracy,you look tired.—I am tired.I have been painting the living room all day.——嗨,特雷西,你看起來(lái)很累。——我累了。我一整天都在粉刷客廳。3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)描述現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或發(fā)生的事;過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,兩者選取的時(shí)間參考點(diǎn)不同。—Hey,look where you are going!

—Oh,I’m terribly sorry.I wasn’t noticing.——嘿,看你往哪兒走的!——哦,真對(duì)不起。我沒(méi)注意到。

由語(yǔ)境可知,第一句描述正在發(fā)生的事情,故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí);答話者在對(duì)方提醒下才注意到自己的過(guò)失,也就是之前一直沒(méi)有注意到,故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。4.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較

一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間或某一段時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,是一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成了的、只做一次的動(dòng)作;過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,是一個(gè)尚未完成的動(dòng)作,可以表示過(guò)去反復(fù)做的動(dòng)作。

He was writing a book about China last year,but I don’t know if he has finished it.他去年在寫(xiě)一本關(guān)于中國(guó)的書(shū),但我不知道他是否已經(jīng)完成了。

從“I don’t know if he has finished it”可推斷,他去年一直在寫(xiě),所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。Tom slipped into the house when no one was noticing.沒(méi)人注意時(shí),湯姆溜進(jìn)了屋子。

slipped指過(guò)去有結(jié)果的動(dòng)作(他溜進(jìn)去了),when no one was noticing指他溜進(jìn)去的一剎那正在發(fā)生的情況(沒(méi)有人注意)。

二、破除思維定式解決時(shí)態(tài)題

思維定式一:“for+一段時(shí)間”總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用

“for+一段時(shí)間”用在句子中,只表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間,這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)結(jié)束,也可能在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生,還可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止。所以“for+一段時(shí)間”并不總是與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用。

—Haven’t seen you for ages!Where have you been? —I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.——好久沒(méi)見(jiàn)到你了,你去哪兒了?

——我去了寧夏,在那里待了一年,作為一名志愿者教書(shū)。

由對(duì)話可知,went和stayed是兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,并沒(méi)有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故stay要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

思維定式二:“平行結(jié)構(gòu)”中的時(shí)態(tài)要一致

平行結(jié)構(gòu)往往表示兩個(gè)或多個(gè)發(fā)生在同一時(shí)間段內(nèi)的動(dòng)作,因此動(dòng)作常常銜接而來(lái),時(shí)態(tài)要盡量一致(特殊情況除外)。如:

Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we had expected.手寫(xiě)所有的邀請(qǐng)函比我們預(yù)計(jì)的更費(fèi)時(shí)。(“預(yù)計(jì)”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在手寫(xiě)邀請(qǐng)函之前,而手寫(xiě)邀請(qǐng)函是一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí),故“預(yù)計(jì)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。)思維定式三:過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)要與過(guò)去的各種時(shí)態(tài)連用

I was coming to visit you later that day,but I had to phone and cancel.那天我本來(lái)打算晚些時(shí)候去拜訪你的,但是我不得不打電話取消了。

根據(jù)句意可知,在過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)說(shuō)將來(lái),如果謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是come,go,leave...,則常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái)。

思維定式四:句子中出現(xiàn)look,hear用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

句子中出現(xiàn)look,hear以提醒別人注意時(shí),往往這一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,但也有例外: —Look!Somebody has cleaned the sofa.—Well,it wasn’t me.I didn’t do it.——看!有人已經(jīng)把沙發(fā)整理干凈了。——哦,那不是我。我沒(méi)有做。

從答語(yǔ)可以看出事件已經(jīng)完成了,故前面一句著重談對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。

1.—Hi,Jenny,how are you getting on with your packing? —I ________ what to take with me.(2017·南京、鹽城一模,27)A.will have decided

C.a(chǎn)m deciding

答案 C 解析 句意為:——嗨,珍妮,你的行李收拾得怎么樣啦?——我正在決定要帶什么呢。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,兩人之間的對(duì)話為現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情,而珍妮正在決定要帶什么行李。結(jié)合句意可知本題的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),故選C項(xiàng)。2.—Didn’t you talk any with Rice? —No,the plane ________ off when I rushed to the airport to see her off.(2017·南京九中模擬,31)A.was taking

C.took

答案 B 解析 句意為:——你沒(méi)有和Rice說(shuō)什么嗎?——沒(méi)有,我趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)送她的時(shí)候飛機(jī)已經(jīng)起飛了。take off這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在rush這一動(dòng)作之前,rush用的過(guò)去時(shí),所以take off要用過(guò)去的過(guò)去,即過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故選B項(xiàng)。3.—Have you got the washing machine fixed? —I paid a lot of money,but still it ________ to work.(2017·南京學(xué)情調(diào)研,25)A.fails

C.has failed

答案 A 解析 句意為:——你的洗衣機(jī)修好了嗎?——我付了很多錢(qián),但是洗衣機(jī)仍然無(wú)法運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,洗衣機(jī)仍然無(wú)法運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)為發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在的事情,故本題的時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),答案選A。

4.The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious when we graduate than when we ________ admitted.(2017·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,26)A.will get

C.got

B.get D.have got B.is failing D.had failed B.had taken D.has taken B.would decide D.had decided 答案 C 解析 句意為:我們學(xué)校的校長(zhǎng)希望我們?cè)诋厴I(yè)的時(shí)候比入學(xué)的時(shí)候更有雄心。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,畢業(yè)是在將來(lái),而入學(xué)是在過(guò)去,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí),故選C項(xiàng)。

5.I hope when you come tomorrow,you ________ the reading and have something to share.(2017·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,34)A.did

C.will be doing

答案 D 解析 句意為:我希望當(dāng)你們明天來(lái)的時(shí)候,你們已經(jīng)閱讀完了,并且有東西分享。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,此處在談?wù)搶?lái)的事情,應(yīng)用將來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài),排除A、B兩項(xiàng);根據(jù)have something to share可知,已經(jīng)讀完才有東西可分享,應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí),故選D項(xiàng)。

6.When someone ________,it will double his or her chances of being helpful again.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江一模,22)A.thanks

C.was thanked

答案 B 解析 句意為:當(dāng)有人被感謝的時(shí)候,他或她再次助人的可能性將增加一倍。根據(jù)being helpful可知,一個(gè)人在助人為樂(lè)后得到感謝會(huì)再幫助別人,“得到感謝”應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),排除A、D兩項(xiàng);根據(jù)主句的一般將來(lái)時(shí)可知,從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái),故選B項(xiàng)。7.—It’s a complete mess.Where are the kitchen table tops? —At the back.We ________ them by 7 pm this evening.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,29)A.a(chǎn)re placing

C.will be placing

答案 D 解析 句意為:——這簡(jiǎn)直是一團(tuán)糟。廚房桌子的桌面在哪里?——在后面。我們今晚七點(diǎn)前會(huì)將它們擺放好。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by 7 pm this evening可知本題的時(shí)態(tài)為將來(lái)完成時(shí),故選D。

8.I’m afraid the teacher will blame you for you’ve failed to do what you ________ to.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,5)A.will expect

B.will be expected B.have placed D.will have placed B.is thanked D.thanked B.a(chǎn)re doing D.will have done C.expected

答案 D

D.were expected 解析 句意為:恐怕老師會(huì)因?yàn)槟銢](méi)能做到所期望的事而責(zé)備你。根據(jù)句意可知,你是被老師期望做某事,應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);根據(jù)you’ve failed可知,被期望的事發(fā)生在過(guò)去,應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去式,故選D項(xiàng)。

9.When he ________ the bill in the restaurant,he suddenly realized that he had left his wallet in the car.(2017·南通一調(diào),29)A.paid

C.was to pay

答案 C 解析 句意為:當(dāng)他在餐館里要付錢(qián)的時(shí)候,他突然意識(shí)到他把錢(qián)包落在車(chē)?yán)锪恕8鶕?jù)語(yǔ)境可知,他打算付錢(qián),be to do可以表示即刻的將來(lái),且能用在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中。本題講述的是過(guò)去的事情,應(yīng)用was to do,表示過(guò)去打算做某事,故選C項(xiàng)。10.—Where is Gary? —He is at the library studying for his German test on Wednesday.In fact,he ________ for the test every day over the past week.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,24)A.has reviewed

C.has been reviewing

答案 C 解析 句意為:——Gary在哪里?——他在圖書(shū)館為周三的德語(yǔ)考試學(xué)習(xí)呢。事實(shí)上在過(guò)去的一周他每天都在為考試復(fù)習(xí)。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)over the past week常和完成時(shí)態(tài)連用,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,Gary過(guò)去一周一直在學(xué)習(xí),即動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行中,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),故選C項(xiàng)。

11.—The new machines have arrived and are being tested in the workshop.—I’m glad we ________ them in the years ahead.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,30)A.will be operating

C.would be operating

答案 A 解析 句意為:——新機(jī)器已經(jīng)到了,正在車(chē)間里被測(cè)試。——我很高興在今后的幾年里可以操作它們。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the years ahead可知,操作機(jī)器應(yīng)發(fā)生在將來(lái),故選A項(xiàng)。

B.have been operating D.had been operating B.was reviewing D.had been reviewing B.would be paying D.had paid 12.It is almost always the case that the police conduct an investigation and look at the evidence that may suggest who ________ the offence.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,25)A.commits

C.committed

答案 C 解析 句意為:情況幾乎總是這樣的:警察進(jìn)行調(diào)查并且查看證據(jù),而證據(jù)可能暗示是誰(shuí)犯了罪。根據(jù)句意可知,誰(shuí)犯了罪是發(fā)生在警察進(jìn)行調(diào)查并且查看證據(jù)之前的事情。由conduct an investigation and look at the evidence的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可知空處的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),故選C項(xiàng)。13.Owing to the speeding up of urbanization and improvement of living standards,people’s consumption patterns ________ in the last few years.(2017·蘇北四市一調(diào),21)A.changed

C.had changed

答案 D 解析 句意為:由于城市化的加速和生活水平的提高,在過(guò)去的幾年中人們的消費(fèi)模式發(fā)生了變化。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the last few years可知,變化發(fā)生在過(guò)去的幾年里,即從幾年前到現(xiàn)在,符合現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的使用語(yǔ)境,故選D項(xiàng)。14.—Guess what?I met Mark at the party.—If my memory serves me correctly,you two ________ each other for almost ten years.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,6)A.haven’t seen

C.didn’t see

答案 B 解析 句意為:——你猜怎么著?我在聚會(huì)上遇到了Mark。——如果我沒(méi)記錯(cuò)的話,你們倆差不多10年沒(méi)見(jiàn)面了。兩人差不多10年沒(méi)見(jiàn)面是發(fā)生在I met Mark at the party之前的事,也就是發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí),故選B項(xiàng)。15.—Why are you so upset,Mary? —My boss ________ fault with me.He is not so kind as you think.(2017·南通一模,22)A.a(chǎn)lways finds

C.has always found 答案 B

B.is always finding D.a(chǎn)lways found B.hadn’t seen D.don’t see B.change D.have changed B.commit D.will commit 解析 句意為:——Mary,你為什么這么沮喪啊?——我老板總是挑我的毛病。他沒(méi)有你想的那么友善。be always doing sth.總是做某事,帶有感情色彩,或喜歡或討厭,符合語(yǔ)境,故選B項(xiàng)。

16.—Go for a drink together? —Fine.I ________ how to spend the rest of the night.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,31)A.wonder

C.was wondering

答案 C 解析 句意為:——一起去喝一杯?——好啊,我剛才正在想如何來(lái)度過(guò)今晚余下的時(shí)光呢。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示說(shuō)話者在說(shuō)這句話之前正在做的事情,還可以表示一種禮貌,符合交際用語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn),故選C項(xiàng)。

17.New energy vehicle-sharing projects ________ in dozens of cities across the country to fuel China’s sharing economy in the next few years.(2017·連云港、徐州、宿遷三模,27)A.a(chǎn)re to carry out B.a(chǎn)re being carried out C.were carried out D.will have been carried out 答案 B 解析 句意為:為了在未來(lái)幾年為我國(guó)的分享經(jīng)濟(jì)注入發(fā)展動(dòng)力,新能源汽車(chē)共享項(xiàng)目正在多個(gè)城市展開(kāi)。根據(jù)句意可知,項(xiàng)目現(xiàn)在正在被開(kāi)展,故選B項(xiàng)。18.—I hope you’ll make good efforts while I’m away.—Be assured!You’ll be amazed at what ________ accomplished when you get back.(2016·南通三模,25)A.will have been

C.was

答案 A 解析 句意為:——我希望我不在的時(shí)候你能夠好好努力。——請(qǐng)放心!當(dāng)你回來(lái)的時(shí)候,你會(huì)對(duì)我完成的事情感到吃驚。本題中when you get back是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),那么get back是發(fā)生在將來(lái)的動(dòng)作,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,當(dāng)你回來(lái)的時(shí)候我已經(jīng)完成了,故應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。19.—Tom,you look worried.Anything I can do for you?

B.has been D.would be B.had wondered D.have wondered —I ________ if you could give me a three-day leave to look after my baby in hospital.(2016·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州調(diào)研,35)A.had wondered

C.would wonder

答案 B 解析 句意為:——湯姆,你看起來(lái)很擔(dān)心,需要我為你做些什么嗎?——我剛才正在想你能否給我三天假來(lái)照顧我住院的小孩。這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)句意可知,我剛才正在考慮這件事,符合交際用語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn),故B正確。

20.When you visit our town next August,a modern sports center ________,for the National Games are to be held then.A.will be constructing B.has been constructing C.will have been constructed D.is being constructed 答案 C 解析 句意為:到明年八月份你來(lái)參觀我們鎮(zhèn)的時(shí)候,一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化的體育中心將已經(jīng)完工,因?yàn)槿珖?guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)將在那時(shí)舉行。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)next August可知construct應(yīng)該在將來(lái);另外到那個(gè)時(shí)候?qū)⑴e行全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì),體育中心應(yīng)該已經(jīng)完工,應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),故選C項(xiàng)。

B.was wondering D.have wondered

第二篇:2018年江蘇高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題一語(yǔ)法知識(shí):第4講動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

第4講 動(dòng)詞與動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

1.Working with the medical team in Africa has_____ the best in her as a doctor.(2017·江蘇,25)A.held out

C.picked out 答案 B 解析 句意為:在非洲與醫(yī)療隊(duì)的合作使她作為一名醫(yī)生的最佳素質(zhì)彰顯了出來(lái)。hold out伸出,堅(jiān)持;bring out使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出;pick out挑選出,辨認(rèn)出;give out分發(fā),發(fā)出。2.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help ________ your year ahead.(2017·江蘇,30)A.shape

C.stretch

答案 A 解析 句意為:到了年底,快速回顧一下自己的成功和失敗,這會(huì)有助于你為未來(lái)的一年做好規(guī)劃。shape影響(某事物的發(fā)展),符合語(yǔ)境。switch轉(zhuǎn)換,轉(zhuǎn)變;stretch變大,拉長(zhǎng);sharpen使變鋒利,使增強(qiáng)。

3.Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter ________,get married,and have kids.(2017·天津,5)A.settle down

C.get up

答案 A 解析 句意為:布朗夫婦希望看到女兒安頓下來(lái)(settle down),結(jié)婚成家,生兒育女。keep off使避開(kāi),不接近;get up起床,站起來(lái);cut in插嘴,打斷別人說(shuō)話。

4.He did not ________ easily,but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.(2016·江蘇,25)A.a(chǎn)pproach

C.compromise

答案 C 解析 句意為:他不輕易妥協(xié),但他很樂(lè)意接受對(duì)一項(xiàng)崇高事業(yè)的任何建設(shè)性的建議。compromise妥協(xié),符合句意。

5.Many businesses started up by college students have ________ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation.(2016·江蘇,30)

B.wrestle D.communicate B.keep off D.cut in B.switch D.sharpen B.brought out D.given out A.fallen off

C.turned off

答案 B

B.taken off D.left off 解析 句意為:由于良好的創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境,許多大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)成功。take off成功,起飛,符合句意。fall off跌落,下降;turn off關(guān)掉;leave off停止(做)某事,戒掉,均不符合題意。6.Parents should actively urge their children to ________ the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016·江蘇,33)A.gain admission to

C.take advantage of

答案 C 解析 句意為:父母應(yīng)積極督促孩子抓住機(jī)會(huì)加入運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)。take advantage of利用,符合句意。gain admission to獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入;keep track of與……保持聯(lián)系;give rise to引起,導(dǎo)致,均不符合題意。

7.We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite,rather than ________ us.(2016·浙江,8)A.divide

C.control

答案 A 解析 句意為:當(dāng)我們學(xué)會(huì)求同存異,而非對(duì)立分歧時(shí),我們會(huì)收獲頗多。divide分開(kāi);reject拒絕;control控制;abandon放棄,拋棄。根據(jù)句意可知選A。

8.When their children lived far away from them,these old people felt ________ from the world.(2016·浙江,12)A.carried away

C.cut off

答案 C 解析 句意為:當(dāng)孩子們住得離他們很遠(yuǎn)時(shí),這些老人們感覺(jué)與外界隔離了。carry away帶走,奪走;break down拋錨,垮掉;cut off切斷,隔離;bring up撫養(yǎng),提出。根據(jù)句意可知選C。

9.When the time came to make the final decision for a course,I decided to apply for the one that ________ my interest.(2016·浙江,14)A.limited

C.reflected

答案 C 解析 句意為:當(dāng)最后決定選一門(mén)課程時(shí),我決定申請(qǐng)那門(mén)反映我興趣的課程。reflect反映,B.reserved D.spoiled B.broken down D.brought up B.reject D.a(chǎn)bandon B.keep track of D.give rise to 體現(xiàn),符合語(yǔ)境。limit限制;reserve預(yù)訂,保留;spoil毀掉,溺愛(ài)。

10.Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she ________ her opinion on the subject.(2016·天津,8)A.gave voice to

C.turned a deaf ear to

答案 A 解析 句意為:瑪麗在討論初期保持了沉默,但最終還是提出了對(duì)這一話題的看法。give voice to意為“表達(dá)對(duì)……的想法”,符合語(yǔ)境。keep an eye on照看,留意;turn a deaf ear to對(duì)……充耳不聞;set foot on進(jìn)入,參觀。

11.I hate it when she calls me at work—I’m always too busy to ________ a conversation with her.(2016·天津,14)A.carry on

C.turn down

答案 A 解析 句意為:我討厭工作時(shí)她給我打電話——我一直很忙,沒(méi)時(shí)間與她進(jìn)行談話。carry on意為“進(jìn)行,繼續(xù)”,符合語(yǔ)境。break into打斷,闖入;turn down調(diào)低,拒絕;cut off停止,中斷。

12.Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged to ________ to their greatest potential.(2015·江蘇,22)A.a(chǎn)ccelerate

C.perform

答案 D 解析 句意為:學(xué)校應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)個(gè)人發(fā)展他們最大潛力的、充滿(mǎn)活力的地方。accelerate加速;improve改善;perform執(zhí)行;develop發(fā)展。

13.The university started some new language programs to ________ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.(2015·江蘇,27)A.a(chǎn)pply to

C.a(chǎn)ppeal to

答案 B 解析 句意為:大學(xué)開(kāi)始開(kāi)設(shè)一些新的語(yǔ)言項(xiàng)目,以迎合國(guó)家的絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶。apply to 適用于,申請(qǐng);cater for 迎合,滿(mǎn)足所需;appeal to 呼吁,上訴;hunt for 搜尋。

14.The whole team ________ Cristiano Ronaldo,and he seldom lets them down.(2015·江蘇,29)A.wait on

C.count on

B.focus on D.call on B.cater for D.hunt for B.improve D.develop B.break into D.cut off B.kept an eye on D.set foot on 答案 C 解析 句意為:整個(gè)球隊(duì)依靠克里斯蒂亞諾·羅納爾多,而他很少讓他們失望。wait on 服侍,等待;focus on 集中于,關(guān)注;count on依靠,指望;call on 拜訪,號(hào)召,呼吁。15.Studies have shown that the right and left ear ________ sound differently.(2015·浙江,5)A.produce

C.process

答案 C 解析 句意為:研究表明左右耳處理聲音的方式不同。process加工,處理,符合語(yǔ)境。produce生產(chǎn),制作,創(chuàng)作;pronounce發(fā)音;download下載。

16.If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able to ________ on the sea?(2015·浙江,16)A.float

C.shrink

答案 A 解析 句意為:如果鋼鐵比水重的話,那為什么輪船能夠浮在海面上?float漂浮,符合語(yǔ)境。drown淹沒(méi),(使)溺死;shrink(使)收縮,(使)縮小;split(使)裂開(kāi),(使)破裂。17.If you come to visit China,you will________ a culture of amazing depth and variety.(2015·安徽,22)A.develop

C.substitute

答案 D 解析 句意為:如果你來(lái)訪問(wèn)中國(guó),你將體驗(yàn)到有著驚人的深度和多元化的文化。develop開(kāi)發(fā);create創(chuàng)造;substitute替代;experience經(jīng)歷,體驗(yàn)。

18.The team are working hard to ________ the problem so that they can find the best solution.(2015·湖北,23)A.face

C.raise

答案 D 解析 句意為:這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)正在努力分析這個(gè)問(wèn)題,以便他們能找到最好的解決方法。根據(jù)題干中的find the best solution可知,在找到最好的解決方法之前應(yīng)該是先努力“分析(analyze)”問(wèn)題。face面對(duì);prevent阻止;raise提高。

19.In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards to ________ that someone was moving about upstairs.(2015·湖北,24)A.whisper

C.declare

B.signal D.complain B.prevent D.a(chǎn)nalyze B.create D.experience B.drown D.split B.pronounce D.download 答案 B 解析 句意為:為了不讓別人聽(tīng)到自己的聲音,她豎起手指示意有人正在樓上走動(dòng)。根據(jù)題干中的pointed her finger upwards可知,她只是豎起手指示意,并沒(méi)有出聲。signal意為“示意”,所以答案選B項(xiàng)。whisper低語(yǔ);declare宣布;complain抱怨。

20.If you have any doubts about your health,you’d better________ your doctor at once.(2015·天津,11)A.convince

C.a(chǎn)void

答案 B 解析 句意為:如果你對(duì)自己的健康狀況有所懷疑的話,你最好馬上咨詢(xún)醫(yī)生。consult請(qǐng)教,咨詢(xún),找(醫(yī)生)診治,符合語(yǔ)境。convince使相信,使明白;avoid避免;affect影響。

B.consult D.a(chǎn)ffect

1.有些動(dòng)詞,如feel,look,taste等,既可用作系動(dòng)詞,又可用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,怎么判斷呢?系動(dòng)詞常跟形容詞作表語(yǔ);實(shí)義動(dòng)詞則常用副詞作狀語(yǔ);系動(dòng)詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí),但在表示語(yǔ)意客氣、生動(dòng)、親切時(shí),可用進(jìn)行時(shí)。The newly-invented drinking tastes quite unique.這種新研制的飲料嘗起來(lái)挺獨(dú)特的。(系動(dòng)詞)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.廚師正在仔細(xì)地品嘗這條魚(yú)。(實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)2.run out/run out of的區(qū)別:run out是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),主語(yǔ)通常是表示時(shí)間、食物、金錢(qián)等的名詞;run out of是及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于use up,主語(yǔ)通常為人。My money ran out.我的錢(qián)花完了。I ran out of my money.我把錢(qián)花完了。

3.具體語(yǔ)境中對(duì)動(dòng)詞“熟詞生義”的考查。如下列單詞的“熟詞生義”:

ache渴望;address在……上寫(xiě)地址;appreciate理解,意識(shí)到;count有價(jià)值;cover足以支付;develop逐漸形成;draw推斷出;escape被忘掉;fail使失望,衰退;invite招致;observe遵守,慶祝;push督促;promise預(yù)示;part分手,放棄;read寫(xiě)著;relate講述;say假設(shè);walk遛等。

4.常見(jiàn)的基礎(chǔ)詞匯如get,take,put,break,look,call等構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)一直是高考考查的重點(diǎn)。如:If the new safety system had been put to use,the accident would never have happened.句中put...to use是固定搭配,意為“利用/使用……”。As their children lived far away from them,these old people felt cut off from the world.此句中的cut off意為“隔絕,隔離”。

1.Roger trained hard for the tournament for months,but unfortunately he had to ________ due to a knee injury.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,32)A.pull out

C.try out

答案 A 解析 句意為:Roger為了這次錦標(biāo)賽艱苦訓(xùn)練了好幾個(gè)月,但不幸的是,由于膝傷,他不得不退出。work out計(jì)算出,鍛煉;try out試驗(yàn),選拔;give out散發(fā),分發(fā),用完。pull out退出,(使)離開(kāi),符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。

2.If you want to go further in the new sport,the best way is to ________ and practise more frequently.(2017·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,22)A.dive in C.catch on

答案 A 解析 句意為:如果你想在這項(xiàng)新的運(yùn)動(dòng)上走得更遠(yuǎn),最好的方法就是熱切地投入和更加頻繁地練習(xí)。dive in熱切地加入,符合句意。drop out退出,輟學(xué);catch on流行起來(lái);spring up突然出現(xiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。

3.If you manage to survive the crisis,think about how it will help you ________ new challenges.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,30)A.give up

C.hold up

答案 B 解析 句意為:如果你設(shè)法在危機(jī)中幸存下來(lái),思考一下它將如何幫助你接受新的挑戰(zhàn)。take up接受,拿起,舉起,占據(jù)(空間或時(shí)間),開(kāi)始從事,符合句意。give up放棄;hold up舉起,支撐,耽擱,延誤;put up舉起,升起,設(shè)立,建造,提供住宿,張貼,懸掛。故選B項(xiàng)。4.You wouldn’t normally ________ these two writers;their styles are completely different.(2017·泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,27)A.distinguish

C.a(chǎn)djust

答案 B 解析 句意為:你通常不會(huì)把這兩位作家聯(lián)系在一起,他們的風(fēng)格完全不同。associate把……聯(lián)系在一起,使有關(guān)系,符合題意。distinguish區(qū)別,區(qū)分;adjust調(diào)整,校準(zhǔn);divorce離婚,使分離。

B.a(chǎn)ssociate D.divorce B.take up D.put up B.drop out D.spring up B.work out D.give out 5.Sharing a flat with someone helps ease one’s loneliness,but living alone ________ me,for I can play music as loud as I want.(2017·泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,30)A.caters to

C.a(chǎn)ppeals to

答案 C 解析 句意為:和某人共享一個(gè)公寓有助于緩解孤獨(dú)感,但獨(dú)居對(duì)我更有吸引力,因?yàn)槲铱梢詫⒁魳?lè)播放到我想要的那樣響。appeal to sb.對(duì)某人有吸引力,符合句意。cater to款待,為……服務(wù);refer to參考,指的是;respond to響應(yīng),回應(yīng)。

6.As its economy is maturing,China’s ________ a greater role in critical issues like climate and development.(2017·南京三模,30)A.defining

C.guaranteeing

答案 B 解析 句意為:隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的成熟,在像氣候和發(fā)展那樣的重要問(wèn)題上中國(guó)正在承擔(dān)更大的作用。define定義,使明確;guarantee保證,擔(dān)保;assure保證,確保。均不符合語(yǔ)境。assume承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn),假定,認(rèn)為,assume a greater role承擔(dān)更大的作用,符合題意,故選B項(xiàng)。7.The recently released film Kong:Skull Island successfully ________ the audience to the adventure with Dolby 3-D technology.(2017·南京三模,35)A.transports

C.transforms

答案 A 解析 句意為:最近上映的電影《金剛·骷髏島》成功地用杜比三維立體技術(shù)把觀眾帶入了這次冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)歷中。adjust調(diào)節(jié),適應(yīng);transform使改觀,使變形;relate聯(lián)系,均不符合語(yǔ)境。transport在此處表示“使產(chǎn)生身臨其境的感覺(jué)”,符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。

8.In the virtual laboratory environment created in the VR app,students can ________ a particular experiment before doing them in a real lab.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,29)A.reveal

C.preview

答案 C 解析 句意為:在用虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用程序創(chuàng)設(shè)的虛擬實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境中,學(xué)生們可以在真正的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)之前預(yù)先進(jìn)行某個(gè)特定的實(shí)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)before doing them in a real lab可知,此處指預(yù)先進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),preview預(yù)展,預(yù)演,符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。

9.The Palace of Versailles,F(xiàn)rance’s national treasure,has ________ many changes in its century-long history while keeping its beauty.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,23)

B.reserve D.provide B.a(chǎn)djusts D.relates B.a(chǎn)ssuming D.a(chǎn)ssuring B.refers to D.responds to A.gone through

C.led to

答案 A

B.taken on D.showed off 解析 句意為:凡爾賽宮,法國(guó)的國(guó)寶,在它一個(gè)世紀(jì)的歷史中,經(jīng)歷了許多變化卻依然美麗。take on呈現(xiàn),接納;lead to導(dǎo)致;show off炫耀。go through經(jīng)歷,經(jīng)受,此處注意動(dòng)賓搭配,go through changes經(jīng)歷變化,符合語(yǔ)境,故選A項(xiàng)。

10.Owing to The Chinese Poetry Competition,publications on classical Chinese literature are ________ a significant share of storage space at the bookstore.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,31)A.taking up

C.breaking up

答案 A 解析 句意為:得益于《中國(guó)詩(shī)詞大會(huì)》節(jié)目的播出,有關(guān)中國(guó)經(jīng)典文學(xué)的出版物占據(jù)了書(shū)店存儲(chǔ)空間的重要位置。take up占據(jù);divide up分割;break up解散;put up提出。根據(jù)句意可知,答案為A。

11.Friendship does not merely ________ a sharing of activities;it is a sharing of self on a very personal level.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,23)A.involve

C.a(chǎn)ssociate

答案 A 解析 句意為:友誼并不僅僅包含一起參加活動(dòng);它還是一種從非常個(gè)人的角度對(duì)自我的分享。involve包含,需要,使成為必然部分(或結(jié)果),符合句意。request要求,請(qǐng)求;associate聯(lián)系,聯(lián)想;deliver遞送,運(yùn)送,發(fā)表(講話),接生。

12.I think the experiment supports my theory,but I need to ________ the results a couple of times to make sure that no mistakes were made while collecting the data.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,27)A.get over

C.hand over

答案 D 解析 句意為:我認(rèn)為這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)支持我的理論,但是我需要仔細(xì)檢查幾次結(jié)果以確保在收集數(shù)據(jù)的時(shí)候沒(méi)有犯錯(cuò)。go over仔細(xì)檢查,溫習(xí),復(fù)習(xí),符合句意。get over克服,戰(zhàn)勝,恢復(fù);take over接收,接管,控制;hand over交給,遞給,移交。13.—I regret to tell you that the council did not ________ our plan.—Oh,what a shame!(2017·南京、鹽城一模,29)A.smile on

C.see through

B.concentrate on D.live through B.take over D.go over B.request D.deliver B.dividing up D.putting up 答案 A 解析 句意為:——我遺憾地告訴你委員會(huì)不贊同我們的計(jì)劃。——哦,真可惜!smile on對(duì)……加以稱(chēng)贊,對(duì)……青睞,符合句意。concentrate on專(zhuān)心于……,集中精力在……上;see through看穿,識(shí)破;live through經(jīng)歷過(guò),經(jīng)受住,經(jīng)歷……而幸存。

14.The computer program of the 1970s was unable to ________ between letters and numbers.(2017·南通一模,31)A.discriminate

C.negotiate

答案 A 解析 句意為:20世紀(jì)70年代的電腦程序無(wú)法區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字。discriminate歧視,區(qū)別,辨別;conclude斷定,結(jié)束;negotiate協(xié)商,談判;compensate彌補(bǔ),補(bǔ)償。discriminate between letters and numbers區(qū)分字母和數(shù)字,符合題意,故選A項(xiàng)。15.—He could have put pressure on us to adopt his proposal.—Yes,but he didn’t ________.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,25)A.make his way

C.give his way

答案 B 解析 句意為:——他本可以對(duì)我們施加壓力來(lái)采納他的提議。——是的,但是他并沒(méi)有為所欲為。make one’s way前進(jìn),行進(jìn);get one’s way隨心所欲,為所欲為;沒(méi)有g(shù)ive one’s way這種形式,只有g(shù)ive way to “給……讓路,被……所取代”;feel one’s way摸索著前進(jìn)。根據(jù)句意選B項(xiàng)。

16.A recent research shows smoking and drinking ________ with your body’s ability to process oxygen,thus greatly affecting your health.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,27)A.identify

C.combine

答案 D 解析 句意為:最近一項(xiàng)研究顯示,吸煙和飲酒影響你身體吸收氧氣的能力,從而極大地影響你的健康。identify確定;correspond對(duì)應(yīng);combine結(jié)合;interfere干擾。故選D。17.AlphaGo’s beating Go grandmaster Lee Sedol 4-1 has ________ an international debate about whether robots will completely take the place of humans.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,29)A.given off B.worked out C.set off D.put out 答案 C 解析 句意為:人工智能機(jī)器人阿爾法圍棋以4:1打敗圍棋大師李世石引發(fā)了一場(chǎng)關(guān)于機(jī)器人是否將完全取代人類(lèi)的國(guó)際爭(zhēng)論。give off發(fā)出;work out算出;set off動(dòng)身,引起;put out

B.correspond D.interfere B.get his way D.feel his way B.conclude D.compensate 熄滅。故選C。

18.In time of anger,do yourself a favor by ________ it in a quiet place so that you won’t be hurt by its flames.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市二模,25)A.releasing

C.refreshing

答案 A 解析 句意為:在氣憤時(shí)心疼一下自己,找個(gè)僻靜處散散心,宣泄宣泄,不要讓那些無(wú)名之火傷到自己。release釋放;recover恢復(fù),再生;refresh恢復(fù)精神;recycle回收利用。19.You are not ________ to unemployment benefit if you have never worked.A.a(chǎn)ccustomed

C.entitled

答案 C 解析 句意為:如果你從來(lái)沒(méi)有工作過(guò)的話,就沒(méi)有資格享受失業(yè)救濟(jì)金。accustom使習(xí)慣;resign辭職;submit屈服,投降。entitle使符合資格,entitle sb.to sth.使某人有……的資格或權(quán)利,符合語(yǔ)境,故選C項(xiàng)。

20.By applying the theory to the problem,we can brush away the details and ________ simple patterns.A.release

C.reveal

答案 C 解析 句意為:通過(guò)把這個(gè)理論應(yīng)用于這個(gè)問(wèn)題,我們能夠去除細(xì)節(jié),使簡(jiǎn)單的模式顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。release釋放,發(fā)布;reject拒絕,排斥;replace代替。reveal顯示,揭示,符合題意,故選C項(xiàng)。

B.reject D.replace B.resigned D.submitted B.recovering D.recycling

第三篇:2018年江蘇高考英語(yǔ)專(zhuān)題一語(yǔ)法知識(shí):第2講非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

第2講 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

1.Many Chinese brands,________ their reputations over centuries,are facing new challenges from the modern market.(2017·江蘇,21)A.having developed

C.developed

答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為:很多中國(guó)品牌歷經(jīng)幾個(gè)世紀(jì)樹(shù)立了聲譽(yù),它們正面臨著當(dāng)代市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)的新挑戰(zhàn)。“________their reputations over centuries”在句中作狀語(yǔ),修飾整個(gè)句子。句子主語(yǔ)many Chinese brands與動(dòng)詞develop之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且句中有延續(xù)性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)over centuries,這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式表示主動(dòng)和延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作,因此選A。

2.Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online ________ their valuable time.(2017·北京,27)A.save

C.to save

答案 C 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意為:現(xiàn)在許多航空公司允許乘客在網(wǎng)上打印登機(jī)牌以節(jié)約他們寶貴的時(shí)間。不定式短語(yǔ)to save their valuable time在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。

3.The national park has a large collection of wildlife,________ from butterflies to elephants.(2017·北京,30)A.ranging

C.to range

答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。句意為:國(guó)家公園有一大批野生生物,從蝴蝶到大象都有。range from...to...從??到??(的范圍)。a large collection of wildlife與range之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。

4.Jim has retired,but he still remembers the happy time ____ with his students.(2017·北京,32)

B.range D.ranged B.saving D.saved

B.being developed D.developing A.to spend

C.spending

答案 D

B.spend D.spent

解析 考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。句意為:吉姆已經(jīng)退休了,但他仍然記得和學(xué)生們一起度過(guò)的快樂(lè)時(shí)光。time與spend之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故此處用過(guò)去分詞形式。

5.I was watching the clock all through the meeting,as I had a train ________.(2017·天津,10)A.catching

C.to catch

答案 C 解析 考查不定式作定語(yǔ)。句意為:整個(gè)會(huì)議期間,我一直在看時(shí)間,因?yàn)槲乙s火車(chē)。結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,且catch與a train是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故用動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ),用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。

6.The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment,________ more patients to be treated.(2017·天津,14)A.being allowed

C.having allowed

答案 B 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。句意為:醫(yī)院最近獲得了新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備,從而使更多的病人能夠得到治療。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),故選B項(xiàng)。

7.In art criticism,you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work.(2016·江蘇,28)A.to hide

C.hiding

答案 B 解析 考查過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。句意為:在藝術(shù)評(píng)論中,你得假設(shè)藝術(shù)家藏了一個(gè)秘密信息在作品中。句中message與hide是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故要用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。

8.________ it easier to get in touch with us,you’d better keep this card at hand.(2016·北京,26)A.Made

C.Making

答案 D

B.Make D.To make B.hidden D.being hidden B.a(chǎn)llowing D.a(chǎn)llowed B.caught D.to be caught 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意為:為了更容易地和我們?nèi)〉寐?lián)系,你最好把這張名片卡放在手邊。由本句話的后半句可知,make的邏輯主語(yǔ)為you,you與make之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,結(jié)合句意可知,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在這里作目的狀語(yǔ),故選D。

9.________ over a week ago,the books are expected to arrive any time now.(2016·北京,28)A.Ordering

C.Having ordered

答案 D 解析 考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為:那些書(shū)一周前已經(jīng)預(yù)定了,現(xiàn)在有望隨時(shí)到貨。order與其邏輯主語(yǔ)the books之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故選D。

10.The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows,________ air conditioning unnecessary.(2016·天津,4)A.making

C.made

答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。句意為:涼爽的風(fēng)通過(guò)我們臥室的窗戶(hù)吹進(jìn)來(lái),沒(méi)有必要吹空調(diào)了。題中swept是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,所以make只能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式;句子主語(yǔ)the cooling wind與make是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),表示自然而然的結(jié)果。11.To return to the problem of water pollution,I’d like you to look at a study ________ in Australia in 2012.(2016·浙江,10)A.having conducted

C.conducting

答案 D 解析 考查過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)。句意為:為了再討論一下水污染的問(wèn)題,我想讓大家看一項(xiàng)2012年在澳大利亞進(jìn)行的研究。分析句子成分可知,句中沒(méi)有連詞,所以空處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,且 a study和 conduct 構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。12.I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do_______with students.(2016·浙江,19)A.working

C.to work

答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意為:航海的樂(lè)趣與我現(xiàn)在和學(xué)生一起上課的樂(lè)趣一樣多。

B.work D.worked B.to be conducted D.conducted B.to make D.being made B.To order D.Ordered 題干中的do指代前面的have fun,have fun doing sth.做某事很開(kāi)心,是固定搭配,故選A。13.Much time ________ sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(2015·江蘇,24)A.being spent

C.spent

答案 C 解析 考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為:長(zhǎng)時(shí)間坐在辦公桌前,辦公室職員通常被健康問(wèn)題所困擾。time 與spend之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞形式。

14.________ for two days,Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015·天津,8)A.To work

C.To be working

答案 D 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為:工作了兩天后,史蒂夫設(shè)法準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成了報(bào)告。work與其邏輯主語(yǔ)Steve之間為主謂關(guān)系,故要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式;同時(shí)work的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作managed to finish之前,故要用完成時(shí)。

15.When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile,she stood rooted to the ground,________ whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南,30)A.wondering

C.to wonder

答案 A 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為:那名店員看到一張友善的臉,臉上因歉意的微笑布滿(mǎn)了皺紋,這時(shí)她愣在了那里,琢磨著是走還是留。句子的主語(yǔ)she與wonder之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且wonder與主句動(dòng)作stood是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,故用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。16.Sometimes I act as a listening ear for fellow students________ what is bothering them.(2015·湖南,34)A.to talk over

C.talk over

答案 A 解析 考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。句意為:有時(shí)對(duì)我的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)我充當(dāng)了聽(tīng)眾的角色,以便與他們?cè)敿?xì)聊一聊正在困擾他們的事情。本句用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

B.talked over D.having talked over B.wonder D.wondered B.Worked D.Having worked B.having spent D.spending 17.Like ancient sailors,birds can find their way ________ the sun and the stars.(2015·重慶,11)A.used

C.using

答案 C 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為:就像古時(shí)候的水手一樣,鳥(niǎo)能利用太陽(yáng)和星星找到它們的路。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,use與其邏輯主語(yǔ)birds之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且use表示的動(dòng)作與主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作find同時(shí)發(fā)生。故用v.-ing形式的一般式。

18.Listening to music at home is one thing,going to hear it __________ live is quite another.(2015·浙江,18)A.perform

C.to perform

答案 D 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意為:在家聽(tīng)音樂(lè)是一回事,去現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)正在被演奏的音樂(lè)完全是另外一回事。題干中含有“hear+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語(yǔ)it(指代music)與perform之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且此處表示去現(xiàn)場(chǎng)聽(tīng)正在被演奏的音樂(lè),故應(yīng)用being performed作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

19.Back from his two-year medical service in Africa,Dr Lee was very happy to see his mother________ good care of at home.(2015·陜西,18)A.taking

C.take

答案 B 解析 考查過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。句意為:李博士在非洲進(jìn)行了兩年的醫(yī)療服務(wù),回來(lái)后看到他的母親在家里被照顧得很好他很高興。此處是“see+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可以是do,doing或者done。若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程,用省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式,即do;若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行,用doing;若賓語(yǔ)與補(bǔ)語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,用過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)。此處his mother與take good care of之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故選B項(xiàng)。

20.________the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.(2015·安徽,27)A.Ignore

B.Ignoring B.taken D.be taken B.performing D.being performed B.having used D.use C.Ignored

答案 B

D.Having ignored 解析 考查現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。句意為:忽視這兩個(gè)研究結(jié)果的不同將是你犯的最嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤之一。從will be one of the worst mistakes you make來(lái)看,will的前面部分是主語(yǔ),因此用v.-ing短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。分詞的完成式不能作主語(yǔ)。

一、常考考點(diǎn)

1.在“句子,非句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中,非句子部分用非謂語(yǔ)

The teacher devoted his life to his career,making most of his students successful in study.這位老師把他的一生都奉獻(xiàn)給了他的事業(yè),使他的大部分學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)上取得了成功。2.在“非句子,句子”結(jié)構(gòu)中,非句子部分用非謂語(yǔ) Having worked with children,I know what is needed most.和孩子一起工作后,我知道什么是最需要的。

3.在“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)中,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 With her baby sleeping on her back,the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.這位婦女在打掃富人的房子,她的孩子正睡在她的背上。

4.在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear...等使役動(dòng)詞或感官動(dòng)詞后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí),也可能用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

His sister was made to cry by his taking away her toy.他拿走了妹妹的玩具,把妹妹弄哭了。

二、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)梳理

1.表面上考分詞,實(shí)際上考形容詞的情況 The man won a big prize,surprised and happy.他中了大獎(jiǎng),又驚喜又快樂(lè)。

句中surprised形式上是過(guò)去分詞,但已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞,在句中作狀語(yǔ)(或主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))。2.在“被動(dòng)形式表主動(dòng)”情況中出題

Dressed in a white skirt,the girl looks like an angel.穿著白色裙子,這個(gè)女孩看上去像天使。

dressed是過(guò)去分詞,但它沒(méi)有被動(dòng)的意思,而表示“穿著”這一主動(dòng)意義。3.在“主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)”的情況中出題

Looking tired and weak,the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.這位婦女看起來(lái)又累又虛弱,她應(yīng)該請(qǐng)一天假去看醫(yī)生。look在本題中為感官動(dòng)詞,感官動(dòng)詞在非謂語(yǔ)中用主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。4.從“主語(yǔ)一致或主語(yǔ)不一致”角度出題

用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的前后兩部分的邏輯主語(yǔ)有時(shí)一致,有時(shí)不一致。邏輯主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般要自帶邏輯主語(yǔ),從而構(gòu)成“分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)”。Seen from this angle,the mountain looks like a face of a man.從這個(gè)角度看,這座山看起來(lái)像一個(gè)人的臉。

Time permitting,I’ll go there with you tomorrow afternoon.時(shí)間允許的話,明天下午我就和你一起去那里。

5.在“and/or/but+句子”的并列句結(jié)構(gòu)中,可能會(huì)考查“以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭”的祈使句,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)表面上像非謂語(yǔ),其實(shí)考查的是謂語(yǔ)。Study hard or you will fail in the exam.努力學(xué)習(xí),否則你會(huì)考試不及格的。

1.Many natural disasters took place across the country,________ severe losses on people’s life and property.(2017·南通一模,28)A.to have brought

C.only to bring

答案 B 解析 句意為:很多自然災(zāi)害發(fā)生在全國(guó)各地,結(jié)果給人們的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)重的損失。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。only to do作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí),表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,不符合本題語(yǔ)境;自然災(zāi)害的發(fā)生造成生命財(cái)產(chǎn)的損失是自然而然的結(jié)果,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞,故選B項(xiàng)。

2.“President Xi and Saudi Arabian King’s talks,” the spokesman continued,“ ________ to several hot issues,witness the friendship of the two countries.”(2017·華庚中學(xué)測(cè)試,31)A.refer

C.having referred

B.referring D.referred B.only bringing D.having brought 答案 B 解析 句意為:發(fā)言人繼續(xù)說(shuō)道,“習(xí)主席和沙特阿拉伯國(guó)王提及幾個(gè)熱點(diǎn)問(wèn)題的會(huì)談見(jiàn)證了兩國(guó)的友誼。” 根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾talks,talks與refer to...之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ),故選B項(xiàng)。

3.The Three-Body Problem has quickly become the best-selling Asian work of literature on Amazon.com,________ that China also has a successful science fiction scene.(2017·宿遷青華中學(xué)月考,29)A.proving

C.to be proved

答案 A 解析 句意為:《三體》迅速成為亞馬遜網(wǎng)站上最暢銷(xiāo)的亞洲文學(xué)作品,這證明中國(guó)也有成功的科幻小說(shuō)。proving that...是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),其邏輯主語(yǔ)是前面的整個(gè)句子。故選A。

4.To the couple’s great surprise,the house was in a mess as if ________.(2017·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,23)A.breaking into

C.broken into

答案 C 解析 句意為:令這對(duì)夫婦非常吃驚的是,屋子里一片狼藉,仿佛被強(qiáng)行闖入過(guò)。分析句子成分可知,主語(yǔ)the house與break into之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,即the house was in a mess as if(it was)broken into,故選C項(xiàng)。5.—What’s the matter with Tim? —Oh,Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally,never ________ again.(2017·宿遷青華中學(xué)月考,24)A.to find

C.finding

答案 B 解析 句意為:——Tim怎么了?——噢,他的手機(jī)不小心忘在出租車(chē)上,再也找不回來(lái)了。Tim’s cell phone和find之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,且find的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之后,故用動(dòng)詞不定式的一般被動(dòng)式,故答案為B。

B.to be found D.being found B.having broken into D.being broken into B.to prove D.will prove 6.In a diverse society,one would expect ________ multiple interpretations of rights.(2017·啟東中學(xué)月考,32)A.it being

C.there being

答案 D 解析 句意為:在一個(gè)多樣化的社會(huì),一個(gè)人總是期望對(duì)于權(quán)利有多種解釋。此處考查的是expect一詞的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用法,即sb.expect sb.to do sth.以及其與there be句式的混合考法,即生成expect there to be的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故選D項(xiàng)。

7.The water was now two feet deep,making it difficult,if not impossible,________ the car out.(2017·南京九中模擬,22)A.getting

C.to get

答案 C 解析 句意為:水現(xiàn)在有兩英尺深,即使有可能,也很難把汽車(chē)弄出來(lái)。動(dòng)詞不定式作真正的賓語(yǔ),it是形式賓語(yǔ),difficult是補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故答案為C。

8.Adapted versions of foreign shows have gained massive audiences,thus ________ more Chinese television groups to buy foreign materials.(2017·南京學(xué)情調(diào)研,28)A.to inspire

C.inspired

答案 B 解析 句意為:根據(jù)外國(guó)的節(jié)目改編的版本獲得了大量的觀眾,從而激勵(lì)更多的中國(guó)電視集團(tuán)購(gòu)買(mǎi)國(guó)外的素材。分析句子成分可知,逗號(hào)前面為主句,其后為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意以及thus可知空格處表示自然而然的結(jié)果,故選B項(xiàng)。

9.The white building,________ threats to pull it down,is now a private house in the possession of a retired professor.(2017·南通如皋聯(lián)考,11)A.to survive

C.surviving

答案 D 解析 句意為:在險(xiǎn)些被拆除后,那棟白色建筑現(xiàn)在是一位退休教授的私人房屋。根據(jù)句意可知,空格處為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。the white building與survive之間應(yīng)為主動(dòng)關(guān)系且

B.survived D.having survived B.inspiring D.having inspired B.got D.get B.it to be D.there to be survive先于句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生,故用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,故選D項(xiàng)。

10.Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government,the rest ________ from the coming charity concerts.(2017·南通、揚(yáng)州、泰州、淮安三模,31)A.to be collected

C.being collected

答案 A 解析 句意為:大多數(shù)重建那個(gè)遭受地震破壞的城鎮(zhèn)的錢(qián)已由政府募集,余下的將來(lái)自即將到來(lái)的慈善音樂(lè)會(huì)的募捐。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,逗號(hào)后不能構(gòu)成句子,應(yīng)用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。the rest與collect之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系;根據(jù)the coming charity concerts可知,余下的錢(qián)將通過(guò)音樂(lè)會(huì)被募捐,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu),故選A項(xiàng)。

11.Women deserve to be treated with dignity and they should make their voices ________ in the world.(2017·鎮(zhèn)江期末,28)A.heard

C.hearing

答案 A 解析 句意為:女性值得被有尊嚴(yán)地對(duì)待,她們應(yīng)該讓她們的呼聲被世界聽(tīng)到。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處為賓補(bǔ),make后常用不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ),排除D項(xiàng);賓語(yǔ)voices與hear之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞heard,故選A項(xiàng)。

12.A wise mother will never get herself into the state of her children ________ to the slightest possibility of danger.(2017·泰州中學(xué)摸底考試,26)A.exposed

C.being exposed

答案 C 解析 句意為:明智的母親決不會(huì)讓她的孩子置身于一丁點(diǎn)兒危險(xiǎn)之中。介詞of后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),her children是動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ),且her children和expose之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式,所以正確答案為C。

13.Laughter produces short-term changes in the function of the heart and blood circulation,________ heart rate and oxygen consumption.(2017·南京三模,25)

B.exposing D.to be exposed B.having heard D.to be heard

B.having been collected D.to have been collected A.increasing

C.having increased

答案 A

B.to increase D.being increased 解析 句意為:笑會(huì)使心臟功能和血液循環(huán)產(chǎn)生短期的變化,增加心率和氧氣的消耗。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處應(yīng)是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),increase帶有賓語(yǔ),為主動(dòng)形式,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞表示自然而然的結(jié)果,故選A項(xiàng)。

14.—Can you tell me what it means by “You can check out any time you like but you can never leave” from the song Hotel California?

—It implies that drug users find themselves ________ in a prison from which they cannot escape.(2017·蘇州調(diào)研,28)A.to be trapped

C.trapped

答案 C 解析 句意為:——你能告訴我《加州旅館》這首歌中的“你隨時(shí)可以退房,但你永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法離去”這句歌詞是什么意思嗎?——它暗示了吸毒者發(fā)現(xiàn)他們自己被困在了一個(gè)他們無(wú)法逃脫的監(jiān)獄里。分析句子成分可知,themselves與trap之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故選C項(xiàng)。15.—Sharon,why is the man so upset now? —His wallet,mobile phone and ID card ________,the police are investigating and will send him to a social assistance station.(2017·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,27)A.was stolen

C.being stolen

答案 B 解析 句意為:——Sharon,為什么那個(gè)人現(xiàn)在那么沮喪?——他的錢(qián)包、手機(jī)和身份證都被偷了,警察正在調(diào)查而且要把他送到社會(huì)救助站。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處所在部分為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),his wallet,mobile phone and ID card與steal之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。being stolen表示正在被偷,與題意不符,應(yīng)該是已經(jīng)被偷了,故選B項(xiàng)。

16.________ a record-breaking seven Golden Globes,the musical La La Land surprisingly does not appeal to Chinese viewers.(2017·南京、鹽城二模,33)A.Winning

C.Having won

B.Won D.To win B.stolen D.having stolen B.having trapped D.trapping 答案 C 解析 句意為:在獲得了破紀(jì)錄的七個(gè)金球獎(jiǎng)之后,音樂(lè)劇《愛(ài)樂(lè)之城》卻出人意料地沒(méi)有吸引中國(guó)的觀眾。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處表示的動(dòng)作先于句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生,即贏得獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)在先,不吸引中國(guó)觀眾在后。having won為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式,此處作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生,故選C項(xiàng)。

17.—What does Nicky’s job involve as a public relations director? —________ quite a lot of time with other people.(2017·蘇北六市聯(lián)考,29)A.Spending

C.To spend

答案 A 解析 句意為:——Nicky作為公共關(guān)系總監(jiān)要做什么事呢?——花很多時(shí)間和別人在一起。第二個(gè)說(shuō)話人針對(duì)問(wèn)題中的what進(jìn)行回答,空格處應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ),故選A項(xiàng)。

18.________ on the cyberspace issue in a speech at a welcoming dinner in Seattle,Xi Jinping called on all countries to cooperate and draw up Internet policies corresponding with their national conditions.(2016·蘇州一模,26)A.Touched

C.Touch

答案 B 解析 句意為:在西雅圖的歡迎宴會(huì)的講話中習(xí)近平談及網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間的問(wèn)題時(shí),他號(hào)召所有國(guó)家合作制定與國(guó)情相符的網(wǎng)絡(luò)政策。句子主語(yǔ)Xi Jinping與touch on(談及,涉及)之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系,應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。

19.There are always some obstacles in the way,something ________ before we realize the real goal of education.(2016·蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市一模,26)A.to be got through B.got through C.getting through D.having been got through 答案 A 解析 句意為:總有一些障礙在擋路,一些我們實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的教育目標(biāo)前需要克服的東西。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這里需要非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)修飾something,get through意為“克服”,B.Touching D.To touch B.Having spent D.To have spent something與get through間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系;根據(jù)句意可知,“實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的教育目標(biāo)”是將來(lái)的事,因此“需要克服的東西”也在將來(lái),故選A。

20.—A new bridge is reported ________ across the river in your hometown.—Yes,and it brings us great convenience.A.to be building

C.to have built

答案 D 解析 句意為:——據(jù)報(bào)道一座新橋已經(jīng)被建造在你家鄉(xiāng)的那條河上。——是的,它給我們帶來(lái)很大的便利。根據(jù)答句的時(shí)態(tài)可知,橋已經(jīng)被建造好,故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用完成式,又因?yàn)閎ridge與build之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,故應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的完成被動(dòng)式。故選D項(xiàng)。

B.to be built D.to have been built

第四篇:2014高三英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(6)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)范文

(6)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1.(2012·唐山質(zhì)檢)—What's that terrible noise,David?

—Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.A.were testedB.will be tested

C.a(chǎn)re being testedD.have been tested

2.(2012·煙臺(tái)檢測(cè))The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________.A.would takeB.a(chǎn)re taken

C.were being takenD.will be taken

3.(2012·南京調(diào)研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.A.a(chǎn)re notB.were not

C.hadn't beenD.wouldn't be

4.(2012·淮陽(yáng)檢測(cè))—Monitor?

—I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A.will just helpB.a(chǎn)m just to help

C.a(chǎn)m just helpingD.have just helped

5.(2012·南京檢測(cè))—I hear you________ at Smith's.—Yes,I________ there for about three months.A.work;had been working

B.worked;was working

C.a(chǎn)re working;have been working

D.worked;have worked

6.(2012·徐州調(diào)研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?

—Oh,sorry.But I________ the film.A.seeB.saw

C.have seenD.had seen

7.A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.A.has been takenB.is being taken

C.was takenD.had been taken

8.(2012·汕頭模擬)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me,I ________ five pounds.A.will have lostB.will lose

C.have lostD.a(chǎn)m losing

9.(2012·啟東模擬)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?

—Well,I________ yet.I might make some other choices.A.didn't decideB.haven't decided

C.don't decideD.hadn't decided

10.(2012·信陽(yáng)質(zhì)檢)Mary,I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.A.forgot to doB.forgot doingC.have forgotten to doD.had forgotten doing

11.—We thought he would have won the game.—What a pity!He ________ too nervous when playing.A.had beenB.has been

C.wasD.would have been

12.(2012·長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢)—When did you move to Sanya?

—In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.A.has workedB.has been worked

C.have been workingD.worked

13.—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?

—Sorry.My mind ________.A.is wanderingB.was wandering

C.has wanderedD.has wandered

14.(2012·荊門(mén)二模)—Look!What a mistake!Why?

—Sorry,I________ on it.A.don't concentrate

B.hadn't concentrated

C.haven't been concentrating

D.wasn't concentrating

15.(2012·大連二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.A.is drivingB.was driving

C.droveD.would drive

16.(2012·南京調(diào)研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?

—I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.A.don't knowB.didn't know

C.haven't knowD.won't know

17.—That must have been a challenging examination.—Yes.It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.A.takesB.took

C.has takenD.was taking

18.(2012·漳州模擬)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?

A.getsB.will get

C.gotD.has got

19.(2012·淮陽(yáng)月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.A.cameB.has come

C.would comeD.had come

20.(2012·深圳調(diào)研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.When he was 36, a person was to change his life.A.has workedB.had worked

C.workedD.works解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的What's that terrible noise 可知,這里應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),噪音是機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)時(shí)發(fā)出的,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

答案:C解析:句意為:襲擊者被捕了,他們不知道正被帶往何處。根據(jù)didn't know 可知,空格處也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài),所以B、D不正確;根據(jù)句意可知此處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故選C。

答案:C解析:句意為:人們開(kāi)始了解到由于在過(guò)去沒(méi)有采取必要的預(yù)防措施從而造成了大多數(shù)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。in the past暗示出用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài);hadn't been 指在一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前發(fā)生的事情;wouldn't be 表過(guò)去將來(lái),故B項(xiàng)正確。

答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。下句意為:我只是在幫助老師,直到選出班長(zhǎng)為止。根據(jù)上下句語(yǔ)意可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示答話者當(dāng)時(shí)所處的狀態(tài)。

答案:C解析:本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。聽(tīng)說(shuō)你正在Smith's 上班,因此應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);我在那里已經(jīng)工作大約三個(gè)月了(可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去),因此需要使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

答案:C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由語(yǔ)意可知,這個(gè)電影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已經(jīng)看過(guò)了,也就是說(shuō)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,因此應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

答案:D解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。since(自從)所在的從句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

答案:A解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為:我已經(jīng)減肥好幾個(gè)月了,等下次再見(jiàn)我時(shí),我就會(huì)輕五磅。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境知句子要用將來(lái)完成時(shí),故A項(xiàng)正確。

答案:A解析:本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。從答語(yǔ):也許還有別的打算可知,目前還沒(méi)有做出決定,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。“It is(was)the+序數(shù)詞+time+that從句”,表示“是某人第幾次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面為it is,則that 從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),若前面為it was,則that 從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí);而forget to do sth.表示忘了應(yīng)去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做過(guò)某事。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知此題應(yīng)選C。

答案:C解析:考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為:他當(dāng)時(shí)太緊張了。答語(yǔ)是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的陳述,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案:C解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。由題干可知答話人在2008年搬到三亞之前曾在西藏工作過(guò)8年,敘述的是過(guò)去的事實(shí),故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

答案:D解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。從語(yǔ)境可知“剛才你說(shuō)話的時(shí)候,我走神了”,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行”的狀態(tài),所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),答案選B項(xiàng)。

答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處表示的是在說(shuō)話之前的那段時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有專(zhuān)心,因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

答案:D解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情。司機(jī)意識(shí)到他正開(kāi)往錯(cuò)誤的方向。

答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)目前的狀況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

答案:A解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中的must have been表示的是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的肯定推測(cè),可推斷考試發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。

答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知此處講的是將來(lái)的事情,故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

答案:B解析:考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知此處用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),本句的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),故此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

答案:C解析:考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可以判斷此處描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。此處不強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)另一個(gè)動(dòng)作的影響或動(dòng)作的先后順序,不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

答案:C

第五篇:2012屆高考英語(yǔ) 全國(guó)通用考前沖刺押題語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題系列動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

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態(tài)

名師押題:

一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

【押題1】With our society developing,the level of life in our eountry greatly recently.

A.has been rose B.has been raised C.had rose D.rose 【解題指導(dǎo)】此題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別之一:時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同。一般過(guò)去時(shí),常與表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的詞連用(表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作);而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常與表在造成的影響或結(jié)果。因此解題的關(guān)鍵是:結(jié)合句意判斷這個(gè)動(dòng)作有無(wú)影響。

【押題指數(shù)】★★★★

【解析】A。過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響就隱藏在句中:How clean they ale!也就是說(shuō)你的打掃使得房間清潔,強(qiáng)調(diào)”你的打掃”的影響和結(jié)果,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

【押題3】一I haven“seen you for ages.Haven’t you graduated from college?一Yes,——English four’years in Seijing.

A.study B.have studied C.a(chǎn)m studying D.studied 【解題指導(dǎo)】此題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別之三:過(guò)去時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用表示動(dòng)作沒(méi)有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在;而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一段時(shí)間連用表示動(dòng)作持續(xù)到了現(xiàn)在。結(jié)合句意判斷動(dòng)作是否持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在是解題的根本所在。【押題指數(shù)】★★★★

【解析】D。“Yes”表明“已經(jīng)畢業(yè)”,也就是說(shuō),“已不在北京學(xué)習(xí)”,即動(dòng)作沒(méi)有持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示某一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成,而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)卻表示動(dòng)作在持續(xù)或未完成。近三年全國(guó)各地區(qū)考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別的題目有10道。

【押題4】I had wanted to help you last night but I couldn’t spare my time,for I

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http://www.tmdps.cn a composition which I had to hand in this morning.

A.wrote B.was writing C.had written D.have’written 【解題指導(dǎo)】結(jié)合句意判斷動(dòng)作是否完成是解題的關(guān)鍵。【押題指數(shù)】★★★★

【解析】B。結(jié)合句意”我昨晚想幫你可是抽不出時(shí)間,因?yàn)樽蛲砦以趯?xiě)一篇作文,這

合考查的。如2010年全國(guó)有6個(gè)地區(qū)考查了被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法。

【押題6】Clothes made of this material comfortably,but easily. A.wear;aren’t washed B.a(chǎn)re’worn;don’t wash C.wear;don’t wash D.a(chǎn)re worn;aren’t washed 【解題指導(dǎo)】考生要弄清何時(shí)用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義:

1.表示感覺(jué)、感官的系動(dòng)詞后跟形容詞時(shí)。

2.某些動(dòng)詞,如sell,write,wash與副詞連用,表示事物的特征時(shí)。

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3.want,need,require表示”需要”時(shí),其后用動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。幾種將來(lái)時(shí)間表達(dá)法的區(qū)別

近三年全國(guó)各地區(qū)考查將來(lái)時(shí)間表達(dá)法比較的題目多達(dá)9道。如2009年江蘇卷考查了will be going to表將來(lái)的用法區(qū)別。【押題8】Whatever may happen,go on until you succeed,and you what life is about. A.should know B.must know C.have known D.will know 【解題指導(dǎo)】考生應(yīng)弄清以下幾種將來(lái)時(shí)間表達(dá)法的區(qū)別:

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(lái),表示最近按計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,僅用于少數(shù)短暫性動(dòng)詞。2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái):在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。

3.在”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,and/or后的句子用”will+動(dòng)詞原形”。解題時(shí),考生首先要弄清每一種”將來(lái)時(shí)間表達(dá)法”的適用情境,然后結(jié)合語(yǔ)境作出判斷。【押題指數(shù)】★★★

【解析】D。此句符合”祈使句+and/or+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu),其中and/or后的句子用”will+動(dòng)詞原形”,故答案為D。

【押題9】一Did you tell Julia about the result? 一Oh,I forgot.her now.

A.called B.will call C.a(chǎn)in going to call D.has called 【解題指導(dǎo)】解題的關(guān)鍵是弄清will,be going to表將來(lái)的區(qū)別:如果主語(yǔ)的意圖事

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2、(2012年鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級(jí)第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè)英語(yǔ))I can’t believe that you got fined for speeding.I ______ of you as a careful driver.A.think B.a(chǎn)m thinking C.thought D.have thought 【答案】C 【解析】 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:我難以相信你會(huì)因?yàn)槌傩旭偙涣P款。我本以為你是一個(gè)謹(jǐn)慎的司機(jī)。由句意可知,“認(rèn)為”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí),thought 表示“本以為”。

3、(北京市東城區(qū)2012屆高三第一學(xué)期期末教學(xué)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)英語(yǔ))If you ring the doorbell when visiting our home, you ______ by our dog.A.will be greeted B.will greet C.were greeted 【答案】A D.greeted 【解析】 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:你來(lái)我家如果按響門(mén)鈴,我家的狗會(huì)迎接你的。在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái),主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。來(lái)拜訪應(yīng)該是被迎

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5、—Excuse me.but I wonder if Joan is available at 3:30 this afternoon.—I’m afraid she _____________ Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone.A.will watch B.will be watching C.is to watch D.is watching 【答案】 B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問(wèn)話中的this afternoon可知是將來(lái)的時(shí)間,語(yǔ)意表示在三點(diǎn)半這個(gè)時(shí)刻Joan將正在看《哈利波特與魔法石》,所以用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。

6、.—I________the book till now.—No worry.You may have left it at home.A.hadn’t found B.don’t find C.won’t find D.haven’t found 【答案】 D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由句中的till now可知,此處應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示“我的書(shū)到現(xiàn)在都沒(méi)找到”,所以答案選D項(xiàng)。

7、—Thank you for your coffee.—But you_______ it.A.didn’t drink B.aren’t drinking C.don’t drink D.hadn’t drunk 【答案】 A 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。語(yǔ)意:“謝謝你的咖啡。”“但你(剛才)并沒(méi)有喝。”根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知空處表示的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

8、(山東省濰坊東營(yíng)淄博濱州四市2012屆高三聯(lián)考英語(yǔ))—What do you think of the Eiffel Tower? —Splendid.When I was in France, I ______ it.A.have visited C.could visit B.had visited D.visited 【答案】D 【解析】 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)答句“當(dāng)我在法國(guó)的時(shí)候,我去參觀了”可知去參觀是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí),即D項(xiàng)正確。

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9、Traffic conditions in Beijing___________ for decades.At first people only complained about jams during rush hours,but today every hour is rush hour. A.is worsening B.have worsened C.have been worsening D.worsened 【答案】 C 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:北京的交通狀況幾十年來(lái)一直在惡化。起初,人們只是抱怨交通高峰期的堵塞,但是如今每個(gè)小時(shí)都是高峰期。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示這種狀態(tài)從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還可能繼續(xù)下去。

10、By the time he realizes the mistake he ______,it will be too late for him to do anything about it.A.has made B.made C.makes D.will make 【答案】 A 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“在他意識(shí)到他所犯的錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候,再采取任何措施已經(jīng)為時(shí)已晚”。顯然,在他意識(shí)到犯錯(cuò)誤的時(shí)候,他已經(jīng)犯下錯(cuò)誤,因此應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

11、I wonder why Ann didn't get ____ the job.She is the right person for it.A. to be offered B.to offer C.offering D.offered 【答案】D 【解析】考查語(yǔ)意:我不知道為什么 Ann 沒(méi)有被提供給這份工作,她是合適的人選。get done 表示被動(dòng),Ann 與 offer 之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。

12、—Your spoken English is so good.Have you been abroad? —Yes: I ____ in London for two years.A.have stayed B.stayed C.had stayed D.have been staying 【答案】B

14、—Have you been teaching here since graduation? —No, I ____ on a farm for 5 years.A.had worked B.have worked C.was working D.worked

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http://www.tmdps.cn 【答案】 D 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)樵谵r(nóng)場(chǎng)工作五年沒(méi)有明顯的截止時(shí)間界限,所以屬于持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的過(guò)去存在的狀態(tài),要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

15、—Monitor? —I’m not monitor of our class.I____ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A.will just help B.a(chǎn)m just helping C.a(chǎn)m just to help D.have just helped 【答案】 B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。從“我不是我們班的班長(zhǎng)”可知,后邊的句子意思為“我只是暫時(shí)幫老師的忙直到班長(zhǎng)被選出”。根據(jù)句意,此處表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。

16、With the country's population reaching 1.6 billion in the mid of this century, most of China's rivers, including the Yellow River, ____.A.is drying up B.will be drying up C.dry up D.have dried up 【答案】B 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ) in the mid of this century 再結(jié)合語(yǔ)意可知本題應(yīng)該使用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在將來(lái)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的變化。

17、—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain yesterday? —No, but we ____ to get in touch with them ever since.A.have tried B.have been trying C.had tried D.had been trying 【答案】B

19、Please do me a favor —____ my friend Mr.Smith to Youth Theater at 7:30 tonight.A.to invite B.inviting C.invite D.invited 【答案】C 【解析】考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意及句中破折號(hào)可知后面的部分是一個(gè)祈使句,應(yīng)該用動(dòng)詞原形。

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http://www.tmdps.cn

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