第一篇：英語聽說練習方法

作者：杜偉

我在新東方任教已經兩年多了，以教授與聽力、口語相關的課程為主。我最大的體會是，中國學生的詞匯量巨大，一開口就能說出上千個美國人既沒見過、又沒聽過的單詞；并且中國學生對語法掌握的精辟程度，完全可以勝任教老美TOEFL、GMAT語法之職，不禁自我感覺十分良好。但是，一提到口語、聽力，很多人便倍感痛苦，因為我們的聽、說水平體現不出我們學習英語多年的功底，有時甚至連最簡單、最基本的東西都聽不出，說不明白。有限的聽說技能是橫亙在很多學生求知路上的攔路虎，它使無數人在TOEFL、TSE以其它國內等級考試中吃盡了苦頭。而如今國際性大公司紛紛搶灘中國市場，若想在其中謀得滿意的職位，英語聽說能力是必不可少的敲門磚。許多學生都認識到了在英語口語和聽力方面取得突破的重要性和迫切性，也投入了不少精力，卻收效甚微。其實，英語聽說取得突破并不是那么困難，關鍵在于掌握方法。若把握住其中真諦，你就會很快體會到隨心所欲聽說英語的樂趣。下面，我就談談英語口語和聽力的學習方法。

一、口語的學習方法

1． 語音問題

幾乎每個人都接受過英語語音訓練，但是在實際應用時，語音仍是最讓人頭疼、最難攻克的問題。若是語音不過關，自己開口講話時就會底氣不足，并且無法辨別對方的發音，聽力受挫，那么交流就會很困難。要突破語音難關，首先要明白單個音素的發音，在此基礎上把握連續、縮讀等口語表達時最常見的語音現象，進而練習英語口語的語調和節奏。練習時要模仿原聲錄音，有條件的還應錄下自己的發音，與原聲帶進行對比，這樣比較容易發現自己的不足。糾正發音是一個枯燥的過程，只有具備耐心、細心和恒心，才會有進步。“Well begun is half done”，因此，一定要有一個好的開端。

2． 詞匯問題

中國學生學習英語，詞匯量并不是問題，但為什么我們講話美國人有時聽不懂呢？關鍵在于我們掌握的詞匯含義，與實際的地道用法脫節。很多美國人有這樣一種感覺，中國學生講英語時“talk like a book”，并且是一本“difficult book”。這樣交流的效果肯定是大打折扣的。如何學習、掌握地道的口語語匯呢？我給大家的建議是多看原版電影。盡管電影情節是夸張的，但語匯是最地道的。在實際表達時，并不需要太大的詞匯量，關鍵在于掌握其地道的用法，加以靈活運用。

3． 句型問題

解決語音、詞匯問題的同時，還要積累大量實用、簡潔的英語口語句型。由于傳統英語語法教學的定式作祟，很多人一開口就是結構復雜的句式，從句套從句，一會兒獨立主格，一會兒定語從句，這樣講話，美國人是無法聽懂的。因為這樣表達太麻煩、太復雜。語言是交流的工具，其目的是讓別人明白“what you are talking about”，因此不要把它當做炫耀自己的手段。平時大家在練口語

時，一定要學會使用口語化的句型，《英語900句》就是一本簡單、實用的句型總匯。中國學生認為這本書太簡單而不屑一讀，這也是我們學習英語口語的一個普遍問題，忽視了口語的本質是簡單。英語口語表達的最高境界應該是“simple but elegant”。

4．思維問題

有些人發音不錯，詞匯不是問題，對句型的把握也可以，但是開口說英語時仍磕磕絆絆，詞不達意，這里有一個很重要的問題，就是思維不到位。美國人的思維模式和我們有很大的差異。如果對兩種不同思想表達方式和思維邏輯關系把握不準，就達不到交流的目的。比如說，美國人在勸說、安慰或提建議時都是有一定的思維套路可遵循的。如果大家能把握好它，就能有效地“organize ideas”。語音、詞匯、句型和思維是突破英語口語的關鍵。在此基礎上，還要配合大量的練習，堅信“Practice makes perfect”，要有“hungry for speaking”的欲望。只有這樣，才能在短期內真正地突破口語關。

一、聽力的學習方法

在提高聽力水平之前，你應該嚴格按照前文所述的方法，同時提高口語水平。聽說水平是相輔相成的有機整體，兩者互為條件，互相制約，因此必須同時兼顧。除此之外，練習英語聽力，應該特別注意以下幾個問題：

1． 必須給自己創造一個盡量真實的語言環境

置身于一個處處可聞英語的環境，盡可能多地接受英語信號對自己聽覺的刺激，隨著熟悉度的加深，對捕捉到的英語的反映速度也會加快。提高聽力是不能脫離語言環境的。如何置身于這樣的一個環境呢？學英語之初，我曾問過一個美國朋友，他說：最好的方法是“Go to the United”，其次是“Marry an

American”。當我表示實施起來有很大難度時，他說，那么其他有效的方法就是“watch American movies”。因為看完一部電影，就仿佛是在美國呆了兩個小時，而學到的東西是你在美國兩天、甚至兩個星期都不一定能掌握的。我對此有很深的體會。在我教授電影課期間，很多學生的聽力水平突飛猛進，就是由于電影為他們提供了一個真實的語言環境。

2． 必須要大量的泛聽

英語不僅是一門知識，更是一種技能。俗話中用“拳不離手，曲不離口”來形容熟練掌握一種技能的訣竅。訓練英語聽力的辦法也是如此，它需要大量聽，大量背。一個沒有亂聽過英語的人，不可能突然有一天擁有良好的聽力。一開始有興趣就亂聽，一點兒聽不懂或聽懂很少，這沒有關系。也許三個月過去了，好像每個單詞都這么熟悉，但還是不知道它的確切意思。你的感覺是什么？——沒有長進。其實在不知不覺中，你已經有了很大的進步，只不過這是一個潛移默化的過程。泛聽是一個知識儲備的手段，為你打下了堅實的基礎，為你迎接聽懂英語的“一剎那”做必不可少的準備，有了這個基礎，再配合精聽，你的聽力很快就能實現突破。

3． 泛聽必須和精聽相結合僅僅泛聽是不夠的。它只是量的積累，是一個準備過程，只有在精聽之后，聽力才能有質的飛躍。我練聽力之初，泛聽過很多部美國電影，但對每部影片的理解也就局限于三四成左右，似乎聽力水平就停滯于此了。于是，我開始精聽《畢業生》這部影片，經過仔細學習、揣摩電影中的詞匯、文化和思維等，我對它的理解達到了80%以上。我又用同樣的方法攻克了《阿瑟》、《漂亮女人》、《哈里遇到塞麗》等其他四、五部影片。當我再去看其他影片時，我驚喜地發現，要理解60%以上非常輕松，真有豁然開朗的感覺。從此之后，我很注意看電影時的精泛結合，聽力水平也一步一個臺階地提高了。精聽電影，就如同為自己的聽力插上騰飛的翅膀，成為突破聽力難關不可缺少的步驟。

上述口語、聽力方法的介紹，希望大家借鑒。同時大家也應該明白這樣一個道理：“Rome wasn’t built in a day”, 冰凍三尺非一日之寒。只有持之以恒，突破口語和聽力難關的那一刻離你并不遙遠。

第二篇：中小學英語聽說練習系統建設實施方案

中小學英語聽說練習系統建設實施方案

英語聽說能力是第二語言教學領域非常重要的一個內容，目前在國內一些沿海開放省市（廣東、江蘇、浙江、山東等），已經在小學畢業考、中高考、大學四六級考試、職教英語考試中引入了聽說考試。由于語言學習的本質是為了交流，英語聽說能力的培養完全符合國家教育主管部門對于職業教育需要強化學生實用能力的提升的精神要求。為了貫徹落實這一精神，推動我市教育信息化的改革，特制定基于智能語音評測技術的中小學教育特點的英語聽說測評系統建設實施方案。

一、工作依據

1.十九大報告中明確指出，努力讓每個孩子都能享有公平而有質量的教育。要讓教育在公平基礎上實現“有質量”，關鍵要解決優質教育資源不足、區域配置不均衡的問題。這些，都是實現“有質量”的教育課程表上的必修課。

2.新一輪高考改革浪潮隨著2013年11月發布的《全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定》主體政策文件拉開了序幕，文件中明確提出“外語等科目社會化考試一年多考”。之后于2014年9月，頒布了《關于深化考試招生制度改革的實施意見》進一步提出“外語科目提供兩次考試機會”的具體方向；上海和浙江已經分別出臺相關實施細則，其中上海明確了“外語科目除提供兩次考試機會外，增加聽說測試，從2014年秋季入學的高一學生起開始實施。”

3．在國際從上世紀八十年代開始已逐步在一些語言類

模的實考論證，使得上述困難可以得以有效的解決。本實施方案也將就中小學教育中引入語音評測技術進行日常教學和練習的方式進行深入分析，并結合中小學英語測評的實際情況，最終提出開發部署基于語音評測技術的英語聽說練習系統建設的實施方案。

（一）智能語音評測技術的基本原理

目前國內外技術體系成熟的主流的智能語音評測技術，基本原理一般是基于統計模型的方法：采用事先以海量數據訓練并對當前考生的聲學環境和語言環境進行有效自適應后的聲學統計模型和語言統計模型，對考生音頻進行語音識別和語音分析。根據語音識別和語音分析的結果提取評分相關的高維評分特征，主要包括三大方面：聲學級特征，語言級特征和語義級特征，針對不同測評題型，這些特征側重點會根據考要求作相應調整；最后采用事先以海量真實測評數據訓練并對當前考題評分標準進行有效自適應后的統計評測模型，根據提取的評分特征從考生口語的發音準確度、語音語調、流利程度和語言測量特征等多個方面由計算機自動對考生的口語水平進行評分。

（二）日常教學中如何進行口語練習

日常教學中的英文口語練習主要由口語作業和測評兩部分組成。教師根據課堂教學內容，布置相應的口語作業。學生回家后用手機或PC完成口語作業。整個口語作業從發布、評分到最后生成統計分析報表，都是系統完成。大大減少教師批改作業的工作量。統計報表能直觀的反映學生口語薄弱的地方，教師能在課堂上針對性的指導糾正，提高教學效率。學生也能根據自己的情況，自主在系統上進行口語練

（一）小范圍試用階段

了解目前英語教學的方式、英文教材、機房環境、軟硬件配置等信息。制作針對我市教學的聽說練習和測評內容。選擇不同層級的中小學進行試點。收集教育主管部門、老師和學生在使用過程中提出的需求和建議。組織試點學校進行聽說測評。

因此，此階段的主要工作如下：

1.了解我市學校英文教材、機房環境、軟硬件配置等信息； 2.完成英文聽說練習和測評的內容制作； 3.完成試點學校老師培訓工作；

4.試點學校將系統用于日常教學中，經常布置英文口語作業；

5.組織試點學校進行聽說測評；

6.收集試用階段發現的問題，總結改善措施；

（二）全面鋪開階段

在小規模試用驗證可行的基礎上，在全市中小學推廣英語聽說練習系統。

本階段的主要工作如下：

1． 組織全市中小學老師去試點學校進行參觀和學習； 2． 組織學校老師培訓工作；

3． 完善英文聽說練習和測評的內容制作； 4． 收集使用階段發現的問題，總結改善措施； 5． 讓布置口語作業，組織聽說測評成為常態。

第三篇：英語聽說翻譯

Unit3

1.廣播詞給乘客提供最新的飛行信息。

Announcements provide passengers with updated information about the flight.2.飛機即將起飛時，提醒旅客系好安全帶。

When the take-off is imminent, passengers are reminded to fasten their seat belts.3.乘務員在指定的時間給乘客讀廣播詞。

Cabin attendants read the announcements to the passengers at specified time.4.當飛機正飛越在名勝景點上空時，乘務員會告知乘客。

Cabin attendants will advise the passengers when the plane is flying over the scenic spots.5.由于天氣不好，飛機將在備降機場降落。

The airplane is going to land at an alternate airport due to unfavorable weather conditions.6.為防發生火災，請迅速離開飛機。

Leave the vicinity of the aircraft as soon as possible in case of fire.7.廣播包括預計到達時間、當地時間和天氣狀況。

The announcement contains the estimated time of arrival, local time and weather conditions.8.乘務員向乘客簡單介紹飛機即將到達的機場和城市。

The cabin attendants give the passengers a brief introduction to the airport and the city that the plane is approaching.9.由于等待放行許可，飛機推遲起飛。

The departure is delayed due to waiting for departure clearance.10.飛機現在有些顛簸，請您回原座位坐好，系好安全帶。

We have met with some turbulence.Please return to your seat and fasten your seat belt.Unit4

1.這些乘客除了頭等艙以外，還包括年紀大的、有殘疾的，帶嬰兒的乘客和無人陪伴的兒童。The passengers include the elderly, the handicapped, those with babies or children as well as First Class passengers.2.請按照這個方向走，不要把東西放在過道里。

Please walk in this direction, don’t leave things in the aisle.3.行李應存放在每位乘客前面的座位底下或是在頭頂上的行李箱中。

The baggage should be stored under the seat in front of each passenger or in the overhead compartment.4.請把安全帶系低、系緊。

Please fasten your seatbelt low and tight.5.請不要抽煙。

Please refrain from smoking.6.乘務長派組員去登機橋了。

The chief purser assigned some crew members to the boarding bridge.7.乘務人員要致歡迎詞和作安全演示。

The cabin crew will give the welcome announcement and perform safety demonstrations.8.航站樓外有大巴和出租車通向市里

Just outside the terminal, there are limousine and taxi connection to the downtown area.9.此時，他們才可以稍許休息一下，等著航班起飛，但他們必須保持警惕，因為起飛是飛行中最危險的時刻之一。At this point, they may rest a little, waiting for the flight to take off, but they must remain alert as the take-off is one of the most dangerous moments in the flight.10.對那些放置行李可能有困難的乘客,乘務員需要主動提供幫助。

They need to offer assistance to those passengers who might have difficulty in putting their own baggage away.Unit5

1.他們首先在機腹艙口附近安置好帶式裝載機。They first position belt loaders near the belly cargo hatches.2.郵件和貨物根據終點城市裝好。

Mail and freight are loaded according to destination city.3.由于天氣原因，飛行時間將要長些。

Due to the weather condition, our flight time will be longer.4.請把系好安全帶，保證顛簸時的安全。

Please fasten your seatbelt to ensure your safety during turbulence.5.乘務長給我們分配責任區域。

The purser assigns our section of responsibility.6.救生衣儲存在座位底下，雜志就在椅背的袋子中。

Your life vests are stowed under your seat, and the magazines are in the seatback pockets.7.請把艙頂行李箱鎖好。

Please latch the overhead bins properly.8.請坐在號碼正確的位置上，保持飛機平衡。

Please sit in the seat with the correct number in order to keep the balance of the plane.9.乘務員控制面板上所有開關和控制鈕都得到檢查，確保它們處于飛行設定位置。All switches and controls on the cabin-attendant panel are checked for operation settings.10.對于機組成員，兩位駕駛員在起飛前要進行儀表檢查工作。For the flight crew, the two pilots will check the instruments before take-off.Unit6

1.在椅背的袋子中你可以找到安全手冊和雜志。

You may find the safety instructions leaflet and magazines in the seat-pocket.2.隨身攜帶行李不得超過規定重量。

Your carry-on luggage must not exceed the regulated weight.3.你可以根據需求調整通風孔。

You may adjust the air blower(nozzle/vent)in accordance with your need.4.照明燈在頭頂上，照明方向可以調整。它可以用來閱讀，由于燈光集中，不影響別人。The light is over your head, with adjustable directions.It may be used for reading.Since the light is concentrated, it will not interfere with other passengers.5.為了安全起見，餐桌在降落前應折疊起來。

For the sake of safety, the small table should be folded up before landing.6.如果需要幫助，可以按鈕求助。

If you need any help, press the button to ask for assistance.7.移動電話、攝像機、收音機、電子游戲機、遙控玩具以及任何無線設備在飛行過程中嚴格禁止使用，因為它會干擾飛機的導航和通信系統。Devices like mobile phones, TV cameras, radios, electronic games, toys with remote controls and any cordless items are strictly prohibited all through the flight journey as it can interfere with the aircraft’s navigational and communications systems.8.所有上稅的物件都必須列出來。申報單上沒有的物體可能使物主受到重罰

All taxable items must be listed.Those, which are not found on the declaration form, may subject the owner to heavy fines.9.根據檢疫規定，乘客不能攜帶新鮮水果，他們在飛行結束之前必須處理掉它們或把它們交給乘務員。

According to the regulations of quarantine, passengers can’t bring in fresh fruit, they have to dispose of them or give them to cabin attendants before the end of the flight.Unit7

1.中國的傳統不同于西方文化

The Chinese tradition varies from the Western culture.2.這種飲料由伏特加和桔子汁兌成。

This kind of drink consists of Vodka and orange juice.3.穆斯林餐適合很多中東乘客。

Muslim meals apply to most passengers from the Middle East.4.給孩子喂整口整口的食物會嗆著他的。

You are sure to choke the child if you feed him mouthful of food.5.機上有濃度2%的牛奶和桔子汁。

Two percent milk and juices are available onboard the aircraft.6.可能引起窒息和辛辣的食品應該避免。

Foods that may cause choking or are spicy are avoided.7.乘務員應該對他們所服務的乘客的不同需求給與回應。

Cabin attendants should respond to the varied needs of the passengers they will serve.8.兩種艙都供給軟飲料，不收費。

Soft drinks are offered in both classes at no charge.9.保健食品能適應各種不便的許許多多人。

Meals for medical purposes apply to a large number of people with different conditions.10.中餐、晚餐食品構成基本相同。

Lunch and dinner consist of basically the same dishes.Unit8

1.急救可做到使生命延續、保護昏迷不醒的傷者、阻止病情 的惡化以及幫助病人盡早康復。It can preserve life, protect the unconscious, prevent worsening of a condition and promote recovery.2.如果機上乘客的病情十分嚴重，飛機應在備降機場進行緊急著陸并且尋求地面援助。If the passenger suffers from serious diseases, the plane will make an emergency landing at an alternate airport and ask the help from the ground.3.除非萬不得已不要隨意移動病人或傷者。

Do not move the passenger unless absolutely necessary.4.為了幫助機上生病的乘客，飛機上都必須攜帶急救箱。

In order to help the sick passengers in flight, the first-aid equipment must be carried on board.5.在病人的額頭上放一塊冷毛巾。Place a cool cloth on the forehead of the sick.6.深度昏迷會危及病人的生命安全。

Deep shock can be a life-threatening condition.7.一個感到昏迷的患者會覺得頭暈目眩、內心不安、憂慮不定、惡心和口干舌燥。A casualty experiencing shock may be faint or dizzy, restless and apprehensive, nauseous and thirsty.8.在實施急救措施時，也要采取一些預防措施防止或降低乘務員和患者被感染的可能性。When administering first aid, take precautions to protect yourself and the passenger to reduce the risk of becoming infected.9.在實施急救措施后，盡快洗凈自己的雙手。

Always wash your hands as soon as possible after administering first aid.10.當機上出現急救事件時，乘務員必須有詳細的報告。

When a first aid incident occurs, the cabin attendants must make a complete report.

第四篇：英語聽說對話

The trouble of fame/the meaning of a good fame A:Doyouknow?Wenzhang famous again!

B: Yes，He betrayed Ma Yili.Almost everyone knew.A:yes.Actually,I want to say:do you want to be famous?B:sure,A: en,Do you think what are the advantages of fame?

B:let me see, there are too many benefits.if I become famous,I will get

worship

fromfans and praise from peers.and I have much money I can go to wherever I want to go.A：That's right.But fame also bring about trouble.such as,if you are an artist,you cannot remain idle,when you become bored,your works begins to show a lack ofits appeal and it becomes difficult to sustain the attention of the public.B:you are right.A:in addition,fame’s spotlighttakes you out of yourself:you must be what the publicthinks you are,not what you really are or could be.B:so I think I will be remains true to myself.one drop of fame won’t contaminate the entire well of my soul,A:right，if you be well-known,you should sustain a good fame.B：The meaning of a good name is the person who achieves success that it doesmore good than harm,try to be happywith who you are and what you do.try to do work that you can be proud of.maybe you won’t be famous in your own lifetime,but you may create better art.An original person in my life/why being original is important A: you look upset!What's the matter with you?

B:the resultof My spoken language test is worse.ACheer up,you should face it for positive attitude.B:I havetried,but，, A:then next step is，…Seriously think aboutyourself，if Learning method is correct.Maybe you can try something new and unique way

B:en

A: I'd like to introduce a person to you, she is my teacher

B:your teacher? A:yes，My teacher, she is a original andunique person, she always use a different kind of way to teach, you know, almost everyone likes to hear the story， no matter how boringtheory is , she would be in the form of story to tell us.it can bring the students' interest, and can let studentsremember easily.B:yes,wonderful

A :She told me, originality is very important we should learn to build ourselvis own originality.She put the theory into a very attract people's story, then teach her students.B: Yes, originality is important, it can make themselves stand out from all kinds of game with many players, it also allows you to create their own wealth.But how can I do the originality, how can I let me win from this game? 獨創性重要，它能使自己從各種比賽中和眾多選手中脫穎而出，它也能讓你創造出屬于自己的財富。但是我該怎么樣才能做到獨創性，我要怎樣才能讓我從這比賽中勝出呢。

A: thereare a first name in your life, what do you think they are very successful?, learn about their way of learning, learn their originality B:yes ,there are many person who are my an examples.A:Perhaps, you can start practice oral English, for example, to

participate in the morning reading, communicate with classmates andteachersin English, ensure their various pronunciation is correct, then select a unique speech, such as touching story也許，你可以從練習口語開始，比如，參加晨讀，多與同學老師用英語交流，保證自己的各種發音正確，然后，選擇一篇獨特的演講稿，比如感人故事

B:maybe you are rightI will try my best to do.A:good luck to you

第五篇：英語視聽說（本站推薦）

1,Mention at least three reasons people get angry.What can we do to control our anger?

People tend to get angry when treated unfairly.Specifically, we may fly into a rage when we realize we were betrayed by a close friend or tricked by a clerk into buying something unnecessary at a high price.When people treat us with contempt, or deliberately ignore us, we may get annoyed.Also, the sight of injustice often fills us with indignation.For instance, when we see a child being bullied by a group of hoodlums, it makes our blood boil.To overcome our anger, we have two options: to fight or to run.In the case of a small offense, it's better to walk away and calm down.It is not necessary to explode at a slight provocation.However, when confronted with a gross injustice or a serious crime, we need to stand up for ourselves and speak our mind.After venting our anger, we may feel better.If we keep negative feelings to ourselves, we will probably feel miserable for a long time and regret not taking action.2,Why do people get depressed? Is there any connection between depression and bad luck? Can depression be overcome?

People feel blue for a variety of reasons.They feel depressed after failing an exam or losing a job.They feel grief when someone dear to them, for example a close family member, passes away.Suffering from a serious disease with little hope of a complete recovery, one may feel dejected.There seems to be a relationship between depression and bad luck.If your spirits are down and you show it, people might refrain from talking to you.Many good opportunities may slip away as a result.And you might be left wondering why your luck doesn't change.To cheer yourself up, you can study or work.Your mood might improve if you keep yourself busy and try to achieve goals.And if staying busy doesn't help, you can just wait for the sadness to go away.It is said that time heals all wounds.Finally, you might find solace in realizing.Your situation is not the worst.You can also choose to look at the bright side of things because every cloud has a silver lining.3,What makes you happy? Are you happy when others are happy?

The greatest pleasures seem to come from hard-won achievements.For example, if after a lot of hard work, you passed an important examination, finished a big project, or got a promotion, you would feel incredibly happy, right? Human happiness is not limited to one's good fortune or success.If you help someone in need, you'll probably feel wonderful.This accounts for the success of Project Hope, through which people volunteer time and donate money to help people in need.4,Is there a relationship between reason and emotion? Which plays a bigger role in our lives?

Both reason and emotion are important in our lives.Although they are obviously different from each other, they complement each other just the same.Think about it, it is difficult to isolate reason from emotion and vice versa.When one is arguing, one is combining logic with feelings.When a speaker is advocating a principle, the feeling he puts into his voice reinforces his argument.When scientists conduct researches, they may choose an area that is interesting to them.Darwin studied science because he had been fascinated by plants and animals since his childhood.However, in some areas either reason or emotion may play a bigger role.Science students may need more logic than emotion to conduct experiments, while art students tend to rely more on their emotion for creativity.Within a family, people usually cherish the emotional ties between family members.Emotion could be more

important than reason when falling in love or trusting a member of one's family, whereas reason plays an important role when deciding how to educate a child.Together or separate, reason and emotion play critically important roles in our lives.What do you think? Or feel? 1,In what ways can people improve their appearance?

Some people just want to improve their looks in small ways.They may go on a diet to maintain a good figure, use makeup to improve their appearance, put a facial mask or a skin soother on their faces during the night, have their teeth straightened, or have their nails polished.Some others have a face-lift to change their nose or chin, make their single-fold eyelids double folded, and have their skin tightened to smooth out wrinkles and crow's feet.Some even inject botox(肉毒素)to remove wrinkles.More drastically, some people may have liposuction to remove fat.2,Why do some people want to improve their appearance?

A love of beauty is part of human nature.People like to see beautiful scenery, flowers, and animals.It is not strange that they also want to look at good-looking humans and improve the way they look themselves.With improved features, one may find a better job, attract a more desirable spouse, and gain faster promotion.Some occupations attach great importance to appearance.Most actors, anchorpersons, and fashion models can be recognized by their looks.It is sometimes argued that by looking good, one tends to feel self-confident.With confidence, success is more likely to follow in any undertaking.3,What disadvantages are there in plastic surgery?

We should not attempt to change our physical appearance by cosmetic means.Such changes may bring unexpected disasters in the future.Some beautifying methods, if not properly applied, have dangerous side effects.People who receive botox injections to remove wrinkles may eventually ruin their skin.Some surgical operations that are intended to make single-fold eyelids double fold actually make them multi-folded--not what the patient had in mind.4,How can one strike a balance between buying clothes on a budget and yet having fashionable clothes to wear?

People who don't have much money can also make themselves look fashionable.There are many ways to buy fashionable clothes without spending much money.For example, people can buy clothes that are on sale or sold in discount stores.It's smart to buy winter clothes at the end of the winter.Clothes are cheaper at the end of a season and can be stored until the next season.Some people are good tailors, and they can alter their clothes to make them fashionable.They may even create original styles.1，Describe some superstitions in English-speaking countries.English-speaking nations have a number of superstitions.For example, many people believe 13 to be an unlucky number, and do not want to live on the 13th floor or in Room 13.They say “knock on wood” or “touch wood” to avoid bad luck.To wish somebody good luck, they may say “I'll cross my fingers for you.” Superstitious people avoid walking under a ladder or opening an umbrella in doors.When they see a black cat run across their path, they think it's a bad omen.Some people may hang a horseshoe over their door to ward off bad luck.If they happen to drop a mirror, they worry that they will have seven years' bad luck.To ensure good luck, they may carry a charm of some kind, such as a lucky rabbit's foot!

2,What is the relationship between one's attitude to life and one's fate? Does the former determine the latter or is it the other way round?

Since the world is complex and mysterious, it is not easy to arrive at a definite conclusion.Some scholars, including a British psychologist, suggest that there exists a correlation between one's attitude to life and one's fate.But more research is needed before we can be sure of such a correlation.Moreover, the cause-and-effect relationship has not been clearly identified, and we are uncertain which causes which.In real life we can find counter examples: Some optimistic people are not very lucky, while some pessimistic people are quite lucky.Perhaps we should try to find out which case is more frequent: optimistic people with good luck or optimistic people with bad luck.Judging from my personal observations, the former is more common.I can even supply the reason: Optimistic people have more self-confidence, which facilitates their success in life.A survey involving many people is required to discover what most people think about this issue.3.Do you believe there are extraterrestrial beings in outer space?

It is difficult to come to a definite conclusion on this issue.On the one hand, many people claim to have seen a UFO, and some even assert that they were abducted by aliens in their spaceships.Theoretically, it is difficult to prove that in the vast universe people on Earth are of the most advanced civilization and have the most advanced technology.If we cannot see ETs, it may be because they are far more advanced than we are.Similarly, if primitive people cannot detect radio waves, it does not mean more advanced civilizations do not exist.On the other hand, human beings have not collected solid evidence to prove the existence of ETs.Although some people claim to have witnessed a UFO, it could be a visual mistake.A mirage is a case in point.When somebody claims to have seen a ghost, do you believe it? In my opinion, while mankind should continue to explore mysteries in the universe, they had better direct most of their time and energy toward pursuits that are more relevant to their present lives.4,Do you think success is due more to luck and opportunity or to diligence and perseverance? Why?

Sometimes a lucky person achieves great success without making the corresponding efforts, while a person who has worked diligently on and on fails to accomplish anything.But on the whole, I am inclined to believe that success is more closely related to diligence than to luck.It is true that in gambling, card-playing and some other games, luck plays a large role.But in most fields of endeavor, one has to study and work hard before one has a chance of success.For example, all scientists, engineers, teachers, musicians and athletes must receive years of rigorous training before they can do their work properly and stand out from the rest.Without hard work, they have almost no hope of success at all.After all, opportunity favors those who are well prepared.1,Name at least ten recreational activities, including those requiring a lot of physical exertion and those that are more relaxing.ome forms of recreation require a high level of physical activity.Here are some examples: football, basketball, badminton, tennis, and table tennis.Some people like climbing mountains, going bodysurfing, or going rafting.After those strenuous outings, they feel mentally relaxed.On the other hand, some people prefer more sedentary(久坐的)activities.Instead of playing a ball game, they watch it.They go to a cinema, a theater, an opera house or a concert hall, or they simply sit at home watching TV.Some play various kinds of games on the computer, and others play chess or cards.Even when they want to stay outdoors, they may choose peaceful pastimes like fishing.2,What do you think about the computer and the Internet as sources of entertainment?

With the advent of the computer and the Internet, we can play all kinds of games in the virtual world;we can play chess and cards with people we have never met, even a chess master.We can travel to all parts of the world on the Net.We can send and receive e-mails, and chat with people online.Moreover, we can make use of the Net as a way of learning.But we should be careful not to get too much of a good thing.If we sit in front of a computer all day long, there will be many negative effects.Our eyes may get damaged.Long exposure to radiation from the computer may cause disease.Too much sedentary work is bad for our health.We may become physically weak and develop a weight problem.Worse still, if we get addicted to the computer, we may neglect human relationships and communication between one another.In the end we would rather talk to a computer than to a human.3,Would you like to go on a tour during the vacation?

If I have enough money, I'd like to visit a distant place during my vacation.After a term of hard work, I think I deserve a trip for relaxation.From the trip, I could gain useful geographical and historical knowledge about the place--knowledge different from what we acquire from books.Furthermore, I would be refreshed from traveling, and then I could work more energetically in the next term.However, if I do not have enough money to travel, I can relax myself in many other ways.I can go to parks, or enjoy local scenic and historical sites.What's more, on the Internet I can visit remote places of the world.I can play computer games to kill time.Perhaps I will also do a lot of reading.If I arm myself with abundant knowledge, I may find a good job, which will offer me opportunities for traveling both at home and abroad

4,Stores are closed in the evenings and on Saturdays and Sundays in many Western countries, while they are normally open in China.Which system do you prefer? Why?

In my opinion, each system has its advantages and disadvantages.The weekend is meant for people to have a rest, and the employees at stores, post offices, government departments, schools and so on all deserve a rest.The two-day weekend was won after centuries of demands for workers' rights.If one store breaks the rules and stays open on the weekend, it will do unusually good business, but this is unfair competition.If people can enjoy proper rest over the weekends, they can work more vigorously during the weekdays.However, if all stores are closed, this can be inconvenient for many people, especially those in double-income households.If a small proportion of the population, that is those in the service industry, work on weekends, most people will enjoy their weekends even more.On the whole, I am in favor of the current Chinese system

1,What are the essential differences between the concepts of individualism and collectivism? Search the Internet for information.Individualism asserts the primary importance of the individual and holds that an

individual's interests should be placed above the group's.Individuals are being given opportunities and freedom to develop character, interests, abilities, careers, etc.within the context of individualism.In addition, the collective culture respects and even values the initiatives of each reason.On the other hand, collectivism emphasizes the interests of the group over those of the individual.It is believed that if the group prospers, all its members prosper.If an individual works for the benefit of the group, he or she will benefit as well.Sometimes collectivism requires individuals to sacrifice their short-term interests to the group's long-term goals.Perhaps we should strike a balance between promoting team spirit and bringing individual initiative into play.2,Should we follow the ethics of hard work or introduce fun into our work?

In my opinion, we can introduce fun into our work, but an industrious spirit is a more valuable element.It's true that people like to have fun, and that if learning involves fun, people tend to learn faster.Without fun, learning can be slow or even painful.This is illustrated by the popular saying, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” However, since many people do not study or work hard, I think it is necessary to stress diligence at the present stage in the nation's development.To attain advanced levels, we have to make greater efforts.If we all work hard, our offspring will be able to have more fun.Although fun plays a role in work and study, most human achievements are gained mainly through hard work.Most successful people have worked diligently to achieve success.After all, “no pain, no gain.”

3,Should different cultures integrate or keep their own characteristics?

A well-integrated nation is more capable of maintaining unity and stability.People in some countries dislike foreigners or ethnic minorities to behave differently from the norm.They prefer foreigners to assimilate into their culture.The saying, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do,” illustrates this point.The trend toward globalization promotes international exchanges and integration of different cultures.On the other hand, diversified cultures make our world more interesting and colorful.If all nations integrated into one, the world would be monotonous.Therefore, all ethnic groups should be allowed to keep their unique customs.The Chinese government has adopted favorable policies to allow the ethnic minorities to keep their traditions.All nations should be treated equally.Large nations should not pose their cultures on small nations.The world is composed of different countries and cultures.To achieve better development and cooperation, perhaps we should advocate multiculturalism while encouraging free exchanges between cultures.4,Should we be punctual for class, work or appointments? Why? What can you do to ensure punctuality?

In the past, Chinese did not attach much importance to punctuality.In an agricultural country punctuality was not very important.But nowadays, owing to the quickened pace of life and the influence of Western concepts of time, the Chinese seem to be paying more attention to punctuality.If somebody is twenty minutes late for an appointment, you may be annoyed because it is a waste of your time.To avoid being late, we should make adequate preparations.In case an emergency prevents us from arriving at the destination on time, we can call ahead to inform the person concerned of the delay.But for entertainment activities like a party, we may be a bit late, for that causes no inconvenience to others.