第一篇：科技翻譯1

Abstract

From the beginning of the 1980s, mobile communications have experienced the three generations of core technology evolution: the first generation is the simulative cellular mobile communication system which represented by AMPS(Advanced Mobile Phone System)and TACS(Total Access Communication System);The second generation is the digital system cellular mobile communication system which represented by GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications)and CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access);And the third generation mobile communication system, 3G(3rd Generation), is the new generation of broadband multimedia cellular system which symbolized broadband CDMA.3G In addition to providing traditional voice communications, Internet access can provide real-time operational and multimedia operations, 3G era will mankind in achieving the desired goals of personal communications path marked a solid step forward.Since 1987 Guangdong province has built the first national TACS system and put it in market, China mobile communications market develop vigorously.By the end of 2005, the mobile user has reached 3.88 billion, accounting for global mobile users of 18.5 percent.The second generation mobile communication system represented by GSM has achieved a great success.However, with the development of technology of mobile communication and the need of human to move in high-speed data, 3G mobile communication has become the direction of development.The 3G first went into market in Japan, rapid development.Up to the end of October 2005, 3G’s globaluser has exceeded 0.207 billion, China is expected to issue 3G licenses in 2006 or in the first half of 2007, then 3G network commences on full scale.3G for the operators in the telecommunications, the chances and challenges coexists;the Ministry of Information Industry hope to regulate industrial structure, improve operation efficiency, avoid vicious competition, maintain the stability of the market order by issuing 3G licenses, and with its own intellectual property of the national standard of TD-SCDMA promoting national industry development.The 3G licenses issued, will have a potent effect on China mobile communication industry environment, making it step into a strategic turning point.Fujian mobile corporation as a business leader in the mobile communications market in Fujian province, will continue to play an important role in the 3G mobile market in Fujian province.Discussing the development strategy of 3G mobile has important realistic significance.This paper based on the general process of strategic management, with strategic analysisstrategic implementation-strategic control as the clue, and use the relevant theories in strategic management, such as the SWOT analysis, five-forces model, the value chain analysis, core competition powers, McKinsey’7S model, the enterprise’s organizational elements are made up of strategy, structure, systems, style, staff, Shared values and skills.Fujian Mobile in the development process, should be fully taken into account these seven aspects, cooperate with each other, mutual coordination, in order to achieve consistency and balance.The paper the implementation of 3G mobile development strategies Fujian four key factors: staff, systems, skills, and Shared values, and analyzes its key measures should be taken.In terms of staff, we should improve the human resource management system, attracting excellent talents 3G;In systems, through the recycling process to achieve efficient operation;In skills, through technical innovation and management innovation, continuous improvement of enterprise performance;In the common values, outstanding enterprise culture should be the shaped.Finally, due to environment changes and other factors which may cause strategy failure, Fujian mobile company should take precautions and do a good job of forecasting and analysis, and to develop appropriate responses, a strategy to control., a strong opponent of a major analysis of competitive practices and resist change may have a significant impact on the environment and the challenges faced by the Fujian Mobile counter measures.In the future fierce market competition of Fujian 3G mobile, Fujian mobile company will face a great challenge.But if only Fujian mobile keeps its own direction, takes the customers as the center, strengthens the enterprise strategic management, promotes enterprise's strategy implementation, and enhances enterprise’s core competition powers, and then will put itself in an invincible position in the market, becoming the creator of excellent quality.Keywords: Fujian mobile communication, mobile communication, 3G, development strategy, strategic management.

第二篇：科技翻譯練習

Week 13Science and Technology Translation

I.摘要翻譯

1．【摘要】 長篇小說《呼嘯山莊》是英國 19世紀著名女作家艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作。通過對小說中兩代女主人公凱瑟琳在愛情婚姻道路上的命運沉浮、挫折經歷的透視 ,探討了作家艾米莉的女性自我意識 ,展現了艾米莉對女性在愛情婚姻問題上的獨特見解 :人格獨立、個性自由和男女平等是女性得到真正的愛情和美滿的婚姻的關鍵所在 ,也是女性在愛情婚姻問題上進行不屈不撓的自我追求的最終目標。

【Abstract】 Wuthering Heights" is Emily Bronte’s masterpiece who is a famous female writer in the 19th century.In this essay, the writer discussed Emily’s self-consciousness as a female writer through analyzing Katherine’s hardships in pursuit of love and marriage.Emily’s idea about women’s love and marriage is unique.The key point for women to win real love and happy marriage is to get independence and freedom in personality, and gender equality.【關鍵詞】 女性自我意識； 女性自我追求； 愛情婚姻； 人格獨立、個性自由;男女平等；

【Key words】 women’s self-consciousness； women’s pursuit of self-realization； love and marriage； independent personality； free character； gender equality

2【摘要】 數據驅動語料庫資源及其分析軟件的知識產權保護,以及語料庫數據驅動分析技術應用的復雜性,給這一技術在科技翻譯教學中的推廣和普及造成多重障礙。為了克服這些障礙,本文介紹自建小型語料庫的方法和原則,以及我們建立語料庫的實踐經驗。

【Abstract】 The complexities in designing corpus-based teaching aids and the stringent policies on the protection of intellectual property rights makes it hard for teachers to make use of the technology in the teaching of science and technology translation.With the aim to overcome these difficulties so that more teachers can take advantage of the technology in their classroom teaching, this paper makes an attempt to explain the methods and principles of building small bilingual corpus by sharing with the readers our practical experience of building such a corpus for the purpose of translator training.【關鍵詞】 語料庫； 數據驅動； 科技翻譯教學；

【Key words】 corpusdata driventeaching of science and technology translation；

3.【摘要】 第二語言習得研究表明,母語遷移是影響第二語言習得的重要因素之一,它將影響到對第二語言的音位、詞匯、詞法、句法和語篇等各個子系統的學習。自20世紀40、50年代以來,國內外的母語遷移研究者們借助于對比分析和實證研究對影響第二語言習得的各種語言和非語言因素及其相互關系和相互作用進行了卓有成效的研究。

【Abstract】 Second language acquisition(SLA)research shows that first language(L1)transfer is one of the important factors that influence SLA, and this influence can occur in the course of learning all the subsystems of the second language such as phonology, lexicon, morphology, syntax and discourse.Since the 1940s and 1950s, L1 transfer researchers both at home and abroad, by means of contrastive analysis and empirical research, have made effective studies of all the linguistic and nonlinguistic factors that affect SLA as well as their interrelationships and interactions.【關鍵詞】 第二語言； 母語；習得； 遷移；

【Key words】 second language； first language； acquisition； transfer；

第三篇：科技英語閱讀翻譯

Before any evidence can be introduced in support of the topic at hand, the definition of invention must be established.Legally, an invention is a new, useful, and non-obvious process, machine, or product.Maurice Fabre, author of A History of Land

Transportation(1963), offered an interesting take on the automobile and its inventor.“who, for that matter ,can say who invented the automobile? Was it Cugnot with his lumbering 'fardier' of 1769? Was it Trevithick with his steam carriage of 1801, or Benz or Daimler with their first successful internal combustion gasoline engine cars of 1886?It depends what you mean by an automobile.” in the year 2001, what do we consider the automobile to be ? I invite the reader to take a minute to look out the window.I see a street lined with cars.Many of these cars possess similar shapes and sizes.In fact, some of them are the same make and model, only different colors.What does this tell us about the modern automobile? The modern automobile is not a single vehicle;it is a collection of millions of cars designed for utilization by a mass market.In fact, we could argue that the modern automobile is a giant technological system that entails a way of life.Entire economies depend on this automobile.Engineers design the components, machinists manufacture the components, assemblers assemble the components into complete systems, truck drivers deliver the assembled product, and salesmen sell the product to the masses.This brief description does not even account for the office

workers who handle logistics and maintain financial accounts, or the separate companies that mine raw materials or design and manufacture the needed machine tools.What would the economy of the United States be like without the modern automobile?

Obviously, the modern automobile and self propelled vehicle are necessarily the same.翻譯：在任何證據被介紹來支持這個主題以前，必須建立發明的定義。從法律意義上來說,一項發明是一個新的、有用的創造性工藝、機器、或產品。Maurice Fabre的《陸運的歷史》(1963)提供了一個有趣的汽車和其發明者。“關于那件事,誰可以說是誰發明了汽車嗎?是1769年笨拙的柯諾特嗎? 這是1801年特里維西克他的蒸汽運輸車,或奔馳或戴姆勒的首次成功或1886年克萊斯勒的內部燃燒汽油引擎的汽車嗎?那要看你怎么說一輛汽車。“在2001年,我們認為什么是汽車呢?我請讀者花一分鐘的時間往窗外看。我看到了街兩旁的汽車。這些汽車具有相似的形狀和大小。事實上,他們中的一些是相同的廠牌和型號,只是不同的顏色。這個是在告訴我們什么是關于現代的汽車嗎?現代汽車不是單獨的車輛,它是一個收集數百萬輛汽車設計利用的大規模市場。事實上,我們可以認為在我們的生活方式中現代汽車是一個巨大的技術系統,整個經濟依賴這種汽車。工程師設計組件,機械師制造部件,組裝成完整的系統組裝元件,卡車司機提供產品的組裝、銷售人員賣產品到群眾。這一簡單的描述甚至占用不了上班族們處理物流和維護金融帳戶或者單獨的的礦業公司開采原材料或設計和制造所需的工具的時間。如果沒有現代汽車美國的經濟將會怎么樣呢？顯然，現代汽車和自行式車輛必須是一樣的。

第四篇：英語科技論文翻譯

3G TECHNOLOGY Abstract The 21 century is an ages of the information economy, being the 3G TECHNOLOGY of representative technologies this ages, will be at very fast speed develop soon in continuously creatively, and will go deep into the people's work, life and study.Therefore, control this technology and then seem to be more to deliver the importance.Now I mainly introduce some knowledge of the 3G TECHNOLOGY.Keywords GPRS, TD-SCDMA，WCDMA , EDGE ,CDMA2000 , WAP , SYMBIAN G, the third Generation, known as the Chinese meaning is refers to the third Generation of digital communication.The growth of the global 3G was rapidly in recent years.From 2002 to 2008, the 3 G operators have been gradually from the original is pale and management to the accelerated development.By June 2008, global 3 G users accumulative total up to 709 million, the total 84 countries and regions issued 3 G licenses, including effective certificate for 249 copies.Our country of 3 G development is relatively later than the advanced countries.In 2009, China was officially forward 3 G time.In the economic crisis of the downturn state，China's ministry of information industry issued three third generation mobile communication(3 G)license for China mobile, China telecom and China Unicom.China Mobile use our country with independent intellectual property rights of the 3 G standard TD-SCDMA , China Telecom get CDMA2000 license and China Unicom WCDMA license.2009 as China 3 G formal first commercial.Although the technology behind 3G may seem complicated, the ways in which 3G will affect all of our lives are easy to imagine.Just imagine having a combined camera, video-camera, computer, stereo, and radio included in your mobile phone.Rich-media information and entertainment will be at your fingertips whenever you want anywhere there is a wireless network.Mobile communication is moving from simple voice to rich media, where we use more of our senses to intensify our experiences.But not all of this will happen at once.3G is an evolution to a communications ideal that no one completely understands yet.What we do know is that mobile multimedia will hit the Japanese markets in 2001, and Europe and North America will follow soon after.3G brings together high-speed radio access and IP-based services into one, powerful environment.The step towards IP is vital.IP is packet-based, which in simple terms, means users can be “on line” at all times, but without having to pay until we actually send or receive data.The connectionless nature of IP also makes access a lot faster: file downloads can take a few seconds and we can be connected to our corporate network with a single click.3G introduces wideband radio communications, with access speeds of up to 2Mbit/s.Compared with today's mobile networks, 3G will significantly boost network capacityAt home 3G is going to affect our home and social lives in many ways.The services that 3G enables will help us to manage our personal information, simplify tasks such as grocery shopping, make better use of our time and offer services that are just fun to use.Operators will be able to develop myriad new service opportunities to attract and retain new customers.Here are some examples:

· You're sitting on a train and use this “dead” time to log on to your bank account, check your balance and pay a few billsAt work

3G will not just support the needs of businesspeople who travel a lot, but will also help new, flexible working practices, such as home-working and remote access to corporate networks outside traditional working hours.Businesspeople are often high-volume airtime users, so they represent a big opportunity for mobile operators.Here are some examples:

·

At work you receive a message from your “smart” refrigerator at home.The message tells you that certain items need restocking and an order has already been prepared for the local grocery store, which you can approve, so that your groceries are ready to collect on the way home.·

You are on the road, and urgently need to discuss a draft presentation with a number of colleagues back in the office.Pulling into a service station, you use your 3G device to hold a telephone conference with your colleagues and, at the same time, you can all view the draft presentation and make changes on line.·

A maintenance engineer is repairing some equipment on a client's premises and hits a problem.Using his 3G device, he contacts his department and downloads a demonstration video that guides him through the repair process.TECHNOLOGY 3G brings together two powerful forces: wideband radio communications and IP-based services.Together, these lay the groundwork for advanced Mobile Internet services, including personalized portals, “infotainment”, mobile commerce and unified messaging-encompassing high-speed data, superior quality voice and video and location-based services.Making 3G a reality depends on technology developments in different areas.These include

amendments to the radio interface to support wideband communications and in the core network.Supporting technologies, such as WAP and Bluetooth, also have an important role to play.This section provides a brief overview of some of the main technologies and developments involved.Ericsson supports all of these technologies and has played an active role in their development.·GPRS General Packet Radio Service(GPRS)is an enhancement to existing GSM and TDMA networks that introduces packet data transmission, enabling “always on” mobility.This means that users can choose to be permanently logged on to e-mail, Internet access and other services, but do not have to pay for these services unless sending or receiving information.When EDGE is added to GPRS, these data rates will increase up to 384kbit/s.GPRS will be implemented by adding new packet data nodes and upgrading existing nodes to provide a routing path for packet data between the mobile terminal and a gateway node.The gateway node will provide interworking with external packet data networks for access to the Internet and intranets.Benefits:

·Faster data speeds and “always on” mobility ·Almost instantaneous connection set-up

·Connection to an abundance of data sources around the world, through support for multiple protocols, including IP

·A step towards full 3G services.·TD-SCDMA All called Time Division-Synchronous CDMA , this standard is formulated by mainland China alone the 3 G standard.On June 29, 1999, the China telecom science and technology and telecommunications research institute(Datang Telecom)to the ITU, but technical invention father put forward in Siemens AG.TD-SCDMA has the characteristics of low radiation, known as the green 3 G.This standard will intelligent wireless, synchronous CDMA and software radio today the international leading technology into which, in spectrum use efficiency, the business support for flexibility, frequency flexibility and cost, and other aspects of the unique advantages.In addition, because of the huge market in China, the standard by the major telecommunications equipment manufacturer to the attention of the world, more than half of the equipment factory now announced that can support TD-SCDMA standards.This standard is made after 2.5 of the intermediate links, and the generation of directly to the 3 G transition, so it is suitable to GSM system to 3 G to upgrade.Military communication network is the core of TD-SCDMA task.·WCDMA

Wideband Code Division Multiple Access(WCDMA)is a wideband radio technique that provides far higher data rates than other radio techniques available today, up to 2Mbit/s, and highly efficient use of radio spectrum.The higher bandwidth that WCDMA provides will deliver the full potential of 3G.For example，WCDMA allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.WCDMA is fully compliant with IMT-2000 and is the air interface technology for standards in the 2GHz bandwidth(the IMT-2000 core band), known as UMTS(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System)in Europe and ARIB(Association of Radio Industry Businesses)in Japan.Ericsson has been at the forefront of WCDMA development.The company delivered an experimental WCDMA system to NTT DoCoMo in Japan back in 1998.Ericsson has also set up WCDMA test systems around the world.At 2000, Ericsson announced its first family of WCDMA base stations.·EDGE

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution(EDGE)enables GSM and TDMA operators to offer 3G services using existing network frequencies.By making changes and additions to standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks.·CDMA2000 CDMA2000 is a decidedly efficient 3G standard for the delivery of high bandwidth data and high capacity voice services.The evolution of the cdma2000 standard will enable mobile systems to offer data throughputs of 2 Mbit/sec and beyond.The higher bandwidth that cdma2000 provides will deliver the full potential of 3G.For example, cdma2000 also allows simultaneous access to several voice, video and data services at once.CDMA2000 is fully compliant with IMT-2000 requirements for 3G.CDMA2000 will be implemented in the existing frequency bands of CMDA and TDMA at 800 and 1900 MHz, as well as in new spectrum at 2GHz in Japan.Ericsson is a leader in cdma2000 development, and a key driver in the standardization of evolutionary phases of the air interface and the backbone networks, as well as the migration to ALL-IP and multimedia networks.·Bluetooth

Bluetooth is an open standard for two-way, short-wave radio communications between different devices.It marks the end of cables and cords between mobile phones, palmtops, portable PCs and printers, for example.Furthermore, Bluetooth enables information between such devices to be synchronized.Diary information held on a PDA can be updated automatically when within range of a Bluetooth-enabled PC.Bluetooth is also going to be important for machine-to-machine communicationshundreds of companies are members of the worldwide WAP Forum。The latest version of the WAP standard, WAP 1.2.1, has recently been launched.Our dedicated WAP consutants are ready to assist operators and service providers sharpen their competitive edge.They help today's businesses adapt to the new economy and create cost-effective, innovative ways to communicate with customers.What will 3G give us

People will enjoy the 3G time what services it provide, the image of that, 3G is video conference on that plane;3G is patients receive timely assistance of medical experts;3G is fans will not miss the NBA basketball game;3G is to share with friends your beautiful vacation in Hawaii.· more and more 3G video phone

All along, we use QQ, MSN chat with friends remotely.As the mobile data transfer rate, image processing, transmission, mainly the acceptance of such display devices makes mobile video chat stranded.3G time to rely on high-speed 3G data transmission network, which 3G mobile phone users can “face to face” conversation.Through mobile video, As far away from the mother via cell phone together, were falling through the mobile phone lovers can meet again.·3G Push into the mobile phone shopping blowout Use the mobile internet shopping is a new way to shop, mobile shopping not only will be able to let consumer buy goods but also makes the satisfaction convenient for consumers to pick and choose goods compared with the constant.With the improvement of China's 3G network , more and more users will choose to phone shopping patterns.China's mobile phone shop will grow rapidly in a period.Online businesses not only include clothing, books, cell phones, toys, audio-visual products and other daily goods put on the network shelf, cars, laptop computers, jewelry and other luxury goods are also options for the list.One need only log out of 3G mobile phone shopping website of product information, we can buy our favorite items.Online shopping is not only cheaper than the mall , better able to send home delivery.If not satisfied can return on schedule, on-line business integrity committed to ensuring that the consumer's shopping safety.·Broadband Internet access to mobile phones to be a “small computer” Although China has just begun the road to 3G, broadband internet access business has been a bright spot, we can send and receive voice messages on the phone, write a blog, chat, search, download and so on, as well as top-notch services such as online games, mobile navigation, online chat and so on.·the key to the Mobile Office-OA system Although compared with traditional office, automation system greatly improves the working efficiency.However, the limitations of the region's OA system is limited to local area network applications, this office brings to enterprises a lot of inconvenience.Mobile office can keep in touch with units and complete work in anytime and at anywhere.3G mobile phones can download and install office, java and other office software, office software and hardware will be the traditional “compression” in the palm of a large mobile phone.·LCD TVs will be included in Mobile TV Mobile TV is to use with the operating system and streaming video-enabled smart phones to watch TV business.It is a multimedia that use CMMB technology, whether it is GPRS mobile phone or CD-MA1X phone, need to be equipped with mobile terminal operating system to install the appropriate player software.TV programs from the corresponding mobile communication company or by the corresponding SP to organize and deliver.Despite the development of a thriving scene 3G, but because mobile streaming media software, smooth video images and other technical aspects of picture quality there are some problems, Mobile TV strides also takes some time.3G技術

摘要：

21世紀是信息經濟的時代，作為這個時代的代表技術，3G技術將在非常快的速度發展很快，不斷創造性地將進入人們的工作，學習和生活中深。因此，控制這種技術，然后似乎更有重要性。現在，我主要介紹一些3G技術的知識。

關鍵字：探地雷達，TD-SCDMA，WCDMA，邊緣，CDMA2000，桅索制動器，操作系統使用的手機設備

3G，全稱為3rd Generation，中文含義就是指第三代數字通信。全球3G近年來快速成長，從2002年到2008年，全球3G運營商已經逐步從最初的慘淡經營轉為現在的加速發展，截止2008年6月，全球3G用戶累計已達到7.09億，全球共有84個國家和地區發放了3G許可證，其中有效證為249張。

我國3G發展相對先進國家比較晚，2009年我國才正式邁進3G時代，在經濟危機低迷的狀態下，2009年1月7日，中國工業和信息化部為中國移動、中國電信和中國聯通發放3張第三代移動通信（3G）牌照。中國移動使用我國具有自主知識產權的3G標準TD-SCDMA，中國電信獲得CDMA2000牌照，中國聯通獲得WCDMA牌照。2009年成為中國3G正式商用年。

雖然在 3 G 后面的技術可能很復雜, 但是3 G 將會在我們生活中產生的影響是我們可以想象的。僅僅想像在你的行動電話中加入照相機、攝像機、計算機、音響以及收音機功能。這樣，無論何時何地你都將能夠通過無線網絡獲得大量的媒體信息和娛樂。

移動通信正在由單一的語音通信向多媒體方向發展,通過此途徑來加深我們對外界的感覺。

但不是這全部都將立刻發生。至今為止沒有一個人能夠完全掌握3G的發展的進程。我們唯一確信的是2001年多媒體移動通信將沖擊日本市場，而且歐洲和北美也將很快發展多媒體通信市場。

3G在帶來高速的語音通路之外還集以IP為基礎的服務為一身,有強大的發展環境。向IP方向發展是至關重要的。IP技術是以簡單的數據包傳輸為基礎的, 可以使用戶同時上網，但是不必花錢除了我們發送或接收數據。IP 的自然無連接性可以大大提高存取速率: 文件下載只需要很短的時間，而且只需輕輕一點就能和網絡連接上。

3G采用多頻率通信技術,并且達到 2 Mbit/s 的通路速度。與現在的移動網絡相比較,3G將會極大的提高網絡容量-因此將能夠支持更多的使用者, 同時能夠提供更多復雜的服務。3 GSynchronous CDMA(時分同步CDMA)，該標準是由中國大陸獨自制定的3G標準，1999年6月29日，中國原郵電部電信科學技術研究院（大唐電信）向ITU提出，但技術發明始祖于西門子公司，TD-SCDMA具有輻射低的特點，被譽為綠色3G。該標準將智能無線、同步CDMA和軟件無線電等當今國際領先技術融于其中，在頻譜利用率、對業務支持具有靈活性、頻率靈活性及成本等方面的獨特優勢。另外，由于中國內的龐大的市場，該標準受到各大主要電信設備廠商的重視，全球一半以上的設備廠商都宣布可以支持TD—SCDMA標準。該標準提出不經過2.5代的中間環節，直接向3G過渡，非常適用于GSM系統向3G升級。軍用通信網也是TD-SCDMA的核心任務。· WCDMA

寬帶碼分多址接入技術(WCDMA)提供的數據傳送速率遠遠大于現在我們采用的通信方式,提供高達2Mbit/s的傳輸速率, 大大提高了光纖對語音信號的傳輸率。3G提供更寬的帶寬是3G中存在的巨 大的潛能。例如，WCDMA能夠使語音信號、視頻信號和數據同時進行傳輸。

WCDMA完全遵照了IMT-2000提出的2GHz帶寬標準(IMT-2000中心帶寬),就像是在歐洲采用的UMTS(全球的移動傳輸系統)和日本采用的ARIB(語音信號工業標準聯盟)。

愛立信在WCDMA的研發方面走在了前列。公司早在1988年就在日本為移動通信網絡開始了WCDMA的實驗活動。愛立信已經在全球建立了WCDMA的測試系統。在2000年，愛立信

宣布了他建立了WCDMA的基站。·EDGE 全球革命性的提高傳輸速率將是原來的GSM和TSMA運營商利用現有的設備提供3G服務。通過制定新的通信附加標準來對無線通信和網絡中樞進化標準化,同時改革所有的IP業務和多媒體網絡。· cdma2000 cdma2000對于提高寬帶傳輸速率和遞送高質量的語音服務無疑是3G標準最有效率的。cdma2000標準的發展將會使移動通信系統能夠提供2Mbit/sec的數據傳輸率甚至超過這個標準。cdma2000提供的帶寬向我們展示了3G的潛能。舉例來說，cdma2000允許同時的傳輸多組聲音圖像數據。

cdma2000完全融合了IMT-2000標準，并且滿足了3G的標準。cdma2000可以通過現有的CMDA和TDMA在800到1900 MHz的頻段上實現,就像日本在2GHz的光譜中實現。

愛立信是cdma2000研發的先行者,它制定了對無線通信和網絡中樞進行改革的新標準,同時也提出了對IP和多媒體網絡進行改革的意見。· 藍牙

藍牙是在不同的裝置之間進行雙通道短波傳輸的公開標準。舉例來說,它的出現標志著通過電纜進行移動通信連接掌上電腦或筆記本電腦的時代已經過去。此外，藍牙能夠說數據傳輸同步化。存儲在智能數字助理上的日程表可以在個人計算機中藍牙能夠達到范圍里面自動更新。藍牙將成為通信領域中用于不同設備之間傳輸數據最重要的手段，同時它也將成為發展最快的發展領域。

藍牙技術是終端和其他設備使用移動通信網絡的關鍵。藍牙即可應用到現在的2G網絡也可以支持3G系統,它將會在未來的移動通信中占據越來越重要的地位。愛立信已經研制出了藍牙裝置,包括T36藍牙手機和藍牙掌上設備。

藍牙是由愛立信公司首先研制的,但現在藍牙主要是由一個特殊的世界組織來主管。此技術已在所有電信器械生產商、計算機制造商以及芯片制造商中普及。· Symbian Symbian是一個被包括愛立信，諾基亞，摩托羅拉和 Psion公司共同投資的項目。Symbian的目標是通過以下兩種方式提高其在移動通信市場的份額: · 第一, 通過發展軟件的核心，優化系統結構，進一步的研發手機通信設備工具(例如個人數傳助手，小巧的手機和通信器材)。

· 第二,制定移動設備傳輸信息的標準。Symbian的EPOC操作系統已經研制成功，而且愛立信已經在R380中使用了EPOC操作系統。· 無線傳輸通訊協定

無線傳輸通訊協定(無線傳輸通訊協定)是一個全球性的協議，是通過移動設備訪問英特網的公開標準。它可以使用戶通過移動設備例如手機和便攜設備訪問整個移動網絡和受據庫服務商,不用用不同的設備完成這些任務。

無線傳輸通訊協定允許統過建立“無線傳輸通訊協定微型瀏覽器”組織電話信息的方向, 同樣地網絡瀏覽器經由英特網-個人計算機提供在線服務。典型地，無線傳輸通訊協定監控屏將會顯示各種不同的服務或數據入口的若干超鏈接。

和采用無線傳輸通訊協定的手機一樣,愛立信也已經宣布研制出一種無線傳輸通訊協定來服務開發者的裝備(WapIDE)和無線傳輸通訊協定出入口/代理,用移動的網絡在英特網和局域網絡環境中來橋接無線傳輸通訊協定申請和服務。除此之外，愛立信提供應用專利, 像是愛立信本土化了英特網(ELI)給本地服務 , 提供時間和發展環境給無線傳輸通訊協定申請的無線傳輸通訊協定應用服務商。

愛立信是無線傳輸通訊協定論壇的四個最初成員之一。自從 1997 以后，當它成立的時候, 無線傳輸通訊協定論壇已經得到廣泛的工業廠商的支持，他們大部分都是是世界無線傳輸通訊協定論壇的成員。最新版的無線傳輸通訊協定標準，無線傳輸通訊協定 1.2.1,剛剛被開發出來。

我們將盡全力來推進無線傳輸通訊協定，準備協助運營商和服務提供商在競爭中處與更有利的地位。這有助于我們調整現今的業務來適應新經濟的發展，更有效的利用資源，用創新的方法與客戶溝通。

3G能給我們帶來什么

3G時代人們將會享受到他為我們提供的哪些服務呢，形象的說，3G就是飛機上的視頻會議；3G就是病人接受及時救助的醫學專家；3G就是籃球迷不會錯過的NBA比賽；3G就是與朋友共享你在夏威夷的美好假期。· 視頻手機因3G勃興而揚帆啟航

一直以來，我們通過QQ、MSN等視頻聊天功能，與親朋好友進行遠程視頻聊天。由于手機數據傳輸速率、圖像處理傳輸、接受顯示設備等達不到要求使得手機視頻聊天擱淺。3G時代依靠3G網絡的數據高速傳輸，從而3G手機用戶可以“面對面”交談。通過手機視頻，相距萬水千山的母子能夠通過手機相聚，分別日久的戀人能夠通過手機重逢。· ３Ｇ推動手機購物進入井噴期

用手機上網購物是一種新的購物方式，手機購物不僅讓消費者足不出戶就能買到滿意商品 更使得消費者能夠方便快捷的對商品進行挑選比較，隨著我國3G網絡的不斷完善，越來越多的用戶將會選擇手機購物模式。我國的手機購物將會迎來一個高速增長期。

網上商家不僅將服裝、圖書、手機、玩具、音像制品等日常商品擺上網絡貨架，汽車、筆記本電腦、珠寶等高檔商品也在備選之列。人們只要拿出３Ｇ手機登陸購物網站查詢商品信息，就能夠買到心儀的物品。網上購物價格不僅比商場便宜，更能夠送貨到家，如果不滿意可以按期退貨，網上商家誠信承諾保證了消費者的購物安全。· 寬帶上網使手機成為“小電腦”

雖然中國的3G之路剛剛開始，寬帶上網已是亮點業務，我們能在手機上收發語音郵件、寫博客、聊天、搜索、下載等，還有拔尖業務，如網絡游戲、手機導航、網上聊天等。· 手機辦公—OA系統桎梏開啟的鑰匙

傳統自動化辦公系統雖然較之從前大大提高了辦公效率，然而區域的局限使的 OA系統僅限于應用局域網，這給企事業單位辦公帶來了很多的不方便。手機辦公可以隨時隨地與單位的信息系統保持聯系，完成辦公功能越來越受到人們的青睞。３Ｇ手機可以下載安裝office、java等辦公軟件，將傳統辦公軟硬件“壓縮”在手掌大的手機上。· 手機電視將液晶電視收入囊中

手機電視是利用具有操作系統和流媒體視頻功能的智能手機觀看電視的業務，它是利用CMMB技術推出的便攜式的移動的多媒體，不管是 GPRS手機還是CD－

MA1X手機，都需要在裝有操作系統的手機終端上安裝相應的播放軟件，而相應的電視節目則由移動通信公司或者通過相應的SP來組織和提供。盡管３Ｇ發展一片欣欣向榮的景象，然而由于手機流媒體軟件，視頻影像的流暢、畫面質量等技術方面存有問題，手機電視大踏步前進還需要時日。

河南科技學院

信息工程082班

零三七八作品

第五篇：科技實驗報告的翻譯

EXPERIMENT 1: DENSITY OF SOLIDS

The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume.The most obvious way to determine the density of a solid is to weigh a sample of the solid and then find out the volume that the sample occupies.In this experiment, you will be supplied with variously shaped pieces of metal.You are asked to determine the density of each specimen and then, by comparison with a table of known densities, to identify the metal in each specimen.As shown in Table 1, density is a characteristic property.Table 1: Densities of Some Common Metals, g/cc

Aluminum2.7

Lead11.4

Magnesium1.8

Monel metal alloy8.9

Steel(Fe, 1% C)7.8

Tin7.3

Wood’s metal alloy9.7

Zinc7.1

PROCEDURE

Procedure(obtain)an unknown specimen from your instructor.Weigh the sample accurately on an analytical balance.Determine the volume of your specimen by measuring the appropriate dimensions.For example, for a cylindrical sample, measure the diameter and length of the cylinder.Calculate the volume of the sample.Determine the volume of your specimen directly by carefully sliding the specimen into a graduated cylinder containing a known volume of water.Make sure that no air bubbles are trapped.Note the total volume of the water and specimen.Repeat with another unknown as directed by your instructor.