第一篇：血字的研究 讀書筆記 英文版

Reading Report

A study in scarlet

SUMMARY

Main CharactersSherlock Holmes: He acts as a detective in the book.He is very smart.He knows everything about the crimes.He also has some bad habits such as abusing drugs to keep his brain exciting.John Watson: He acts as a reporter and an assistant in the book.He is a doctor who comes back form the Afghan War.Main Event:

PART 1

Watson was badly hurt in the Afghan War.He came back to London and had no money to afford the house rent, and he wanted to find a man who could share the house rent.Then his friend told him about the Sherlock Holmes also wanted a man to share the house rent.They agreed on at once.After they lived together, Watson knows that S.H.was a detective.When the S.H.was complaining that there was nothing exciting happened, a man sent a mail to Baker S.T.221B which said there was a murder happened in the Lauriston Garden.The mystery was that there was a scarlet on the wall written RACHE.S.H.found some proofs and evidences to find the murder, which was quick and efficient, although he made a mistake when he was chasing the assistant of the murder.PART 2

In part 2, it mainly talked about the background of the murder.ThemesDetective2 solve the problems

Like＆Dislike

Interesting storyProfessional words

Conclusion:

Suggestion to the future readers: It is a very interesting book.Everyone may know about the S.H.(I think), if you have read the Chinese type, you should read the Origin type.Reading skill:Skimming such as Part 2Contextsuch as cadaver which means dead body

Personal Conclusion:Carefulness: We should be careful about the things around us, which may affect you in the future.Relation:Many things have relationship, how to deal with them is the key in your future life.

第二篇：血字的研究

《血字的研究》讀后感

夏洛克·福爾摩斯是英國作家柯南道爾筆下的一個人物，《福爾摩斯探案》是以福爾摩斯的助手華生的視角，記敘了福爾摩斯讓世人驚嘆的推理。福爾摩斯已經(jīng)成了家喻戶曉的世界上最著名的名偵探之一。

柯南道爾一生寫了福爾摩斯很多的故事，比較著名的有《血字的研究》、《四簽名》、《巴斯克維爾的獵犬》、《最后一案》等等。在《最后一案》中，福爾摩斯和宿敵莫里亞蒂教授在瑞士的萊辛巴赫瀑布決一死戰(zhàn)，雙雙落下了懸崖。后來，柯南道爾又應(yīng)讀者的要求，讓福爾摩斯奇跡般地復(fù)活，又接辦了很多著名的案子。看過《福爾摩斯探案》的人，都會被他完美的推理所折服。我通過閱讀《血字的研究》這個案子，對福爾摩斯的辦案推理有了深刻的認識。

小說開篇記敘了華生從阿富汗戰(zhàn)場歸來，因為合租房子而認識了福爾摩斯。兩人第一次見面，福爾摩斯就推理出了華生曾經(jīng)在阿富汗戰(zhàn)場待過。這讓華生驚嘆不已。隨著劇情的發(fā)展，當福爾摩斯詳細得說明了他推理出這個結(jié)論的全過程時，我被他的推理能力所折服了。沒有一絲線索和背景，只見過第一面，僅僅憑著第一眼的印象和觀察，在不到1秒內(nèi)就得到了準確的結(jié)果。這是一個吸引人的開篇，使我們對福爾摩斯的敬佩之情油然而生。

還有一段推理讓我印象深刻，這來自于對勞瑞斯頓花園街的慘案的調(diào)查，福爾摩斯觀察完現(xiàn)場后推論道：“這是一件謀殺案。兇手是個男人，他高六英尺多，正當中年。照他的身材來說，腳小了一點，穿著一雙粗平方頭靴子，抽的是印度雪茄煙。他是和被害者一同乘坐一輛四輪馬車來的。這個馬車用一騎馬拉著，那騎馬有三只蹄鐵是舊的，右前蹄的蹄鐵是新的。這個兇手很可能是臉色赤紅，右手指甲很長?！边@番話搞得大家一頭霧水、將信將疑。

離開兇殺現(xiàn)場后，華生詢問福爾摩斯如此推論的其中緣由，福爾摩斯回答道：“一到那里，我首先便看到在馬路石沿旁有兩道馬車車輪的痕跡。由于昨晚下雨以前，一個星期都是晴天，所以留下這個深深輪跡的馬車一定是在夜間到那里的。除此以外，還有馬蹄的印子。其中有一個蹄印比其它三個都要清楚得多，這就說明那只蹄鐵是新?lián)Q的。這輛車子既然是在下雨以后到那里的，同時根據(jù)葛萊森所說，整個早晨又沒有車輛來過，由此可見，這輛馬車一定是昨天夜間在那里停留過；因此，也就正是這輛馬車把那兩個人送到空房那里去的。”聽完分析后，之前感到驚奇的華生馬上表示：“這看來好象很簡單”。柯南道爾很好地在之前作了伏筆，他寫福爾摩斯來到現(xiàn)場時提前下了馬車，走了一段路，并不急于到尸體躺著的房間，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)了腳印和車痕，這才有了上邊的結(jié)論。從這里我們可以看到，福爾摩斯是多么的心細，那些印痕之所以能讓他發(fā)現(xiàn)到，不在于他“未卜先知”，而在于他的細致。

華生又提問福爾摩斯是如何知道兇手的身高情況的，福爾摩斯對此答道：“一個人的身高，十之八九可以從他的步伐的長度上知道。計算方法雖然很簡單，但是現(xiàn)在我一步步地教給你也沒有什么用處。我是在屋外的粘土地上和屋內(nèi)的塵土上量出那個人步伐的距離的。”更精彩的，是接下來的這段論述“接著我又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個驗算我的計算結(jié)果是否正確的辦法。大凡人在墻壁上寫字的時候，很自然會寫在和視線相平行的地方?，F(xiàn)在壁上的字跡離地剛好六英尺……”確實是這樣，人在緊要場合總會無意識地保持自己的平日習慣，在這一時刻，很少有人能夠辦到再處心積慮地去思考各類細節(jié)，此案中的兇手之所以想在墻上寫“RACHE”字樣，根據(jù)他本人的解釋，這是“靈機一動……這也許是由于一種惡作劇的想法，打算把警察引入起途”，而并非早已規(guī)劃好的策略，故他沒有及時想到彎下腰來改變血字的位置，以達到進一步攪亂警方調(diào)查，因此福爾摩斯以血字的高度來推測兇手的大致身高，是很有科學性的。

接著華生又問到兇手的年齡，福爾摩斯回答到：“假若一個人能夠毫不費力地一步跨過四英尺半，他決不會是一個老頭兒。小花園里的甬道上就有那樣寬的一個水洼，他分明是一步邁過去的，而皮靴子卻是繞著走的，方頭靴子則是從上面邁過去的。這絲毫沒有什么神秘的地方。”大多數(shù)老人沒有練“太極”，小孩一般也不會干兇殺，所以不出例外的話，這條結(jié)論也比較合乎情理。

還有就是兇手的手指甲，福爾摩斯又如此推論：“墻上的字是一個人用?食指蘸著血寫的?。我用放大鏡看出寫字時?有些墻粉被刮了下來?。如果這個人?指甲修剪過?，決不會是這樣的。”兇手要是修剪過指甲的話，他也不會刻意地用指甲去刮墻壁。

《血字的研究》是非常短小的一個案子，卻充分地表現(xiàn)出了福爾摩斯的推理能力。正因為它短小，所以它更說明福爾摩斯推理能力的高超。不過從福爾摩斯的分析看來，他是結(jié)合了不少當時的社會背景的，他對華生職業(yè)的推論是因人而異、隨機應(yīng)變，而并非適合任何時代、任何社會的死規(guī)律。所謂的推理，很多時候畢竟是經(jīng)驗之談，并非是絕對唯一的鐵定答案，犯罪事件總是富于變化的，而沒有實踐的推理就只是猜測而已，推理本身就帶有推論，高明的推理就是比別人分析得更準確一些。但再高明的推理也只能辦到相對準確，而不能辦到絕對無誤，凡事都有例外，有些平時我們認為順理成章的事兒，可能在某些特定的時刻就會被否定掉。所以推理最重要的是“合情合理”，能夠令人信服，而不是“先知”、“預(yù)知”、“神算”。

第三篇：血字分析讀后感

血字分析讀后感

（一）王杰

“他似乎是一個很理想化的人，從來不計較金錢，名利。他活得自由，活得精彩，他就是為了自己而活?！?/p>

《血字分析》讀后感

夏洛克·福爾摩斯已經(jīng)聽過很多回了，很多他的偵探小說已經(jīng)被拍成了電影、電視劇等，也有不少同學是福爾摩斯的粉絲，向我推薦過關(guān)于他的小說，但是一直沒有看過，寒假閑著沒事，想找點科普類的圖書開闊一下知識面來著，就用圖書館的應(yīng)用打算下載幾本書看，瀏覽的時候看到了《血字分析》，一開始我還以為是關(guān)于血液的科普類書籍，引起了我的興趣，結(jié)果下載了閱讀以后才發(fā)現(xiàn)原來是柯南道爾的偵探小說。

既然下了就看下去了，這是我讀的第一本柯南道爾的偵探小說，第一次自己接觸福爾摩斯，也正是這本書讓我喜歡上了福爾摩斯。書中對福爾摩斯特點的描寫讓我很驚訝，看人一眼就可以有理有據(jù)說出他的來歷職業(yè)等等，精通化學解剖學但是對人文卻一點都不懂。不知道應(yīng)該用偏科還是學霸，用正常還是不正常來評價他。

在華生的描述中我走進到這個兇殺案里，小說開篇記敘了華生從阿富汗戰(zhàn)場歸來，因為合租房子而認識了福爾摩斯。兩人第一次見面，福爾摩斯就推理出了華生曾經(jīng)在阿富汗戰(zhàn)場待過。這讓華生驚嘆不已。隨著劇情的發(fā)展，當福爾摩斯詳細得說明了他推理出這個結(jié)論的全過程時，不只是華生，連我(相信應(yīng)該是大部分甚至是所有的讀者)都被他的推理能力所折服了。沒有一絲線索和背景，只見過第一面，僅僅憑著第一眼的印象和觀察，在不到1秒內(nèi)就得到了準確的結(jié)果。這是一個吸引人的開篇，使我們對福爾摩斯的敬佩之情油然而生。不只是華生，所有的讀者都成了襯托福爾摩斯驚人推理能力的工具。

現(xiàn)在《名偵探柯南》很流行，但柯南遇到的命案和福爾摩斯遇到的命案相比，就是小巫見大巫了。公認的觀點是，柯南的推理是基于大量的證據(jù)進行的排除，而福爾摩斯遇到的命案，則是在完全沒有候選嫌疑人的基礎(chǔ)上完全進行的推理，最后在茫茫人海中鎖定嫌疑人，并設(shè)計方法捉拿歸案。這在《血字分析》中得到了很好的體現(xiàn)。作者布置了非常陰森，詭異的現(xiàn)場，隨著福爾摩斯的到來，現(xiàn)場慢慢地被細化，然后作者既清晰，又模糊地描述出了現(xiàn)場的景象。在我們的眼中，似乎只是一盤散沙，但他通過福爾摩斯的嘴巴，他們卻成了非常有力的推理基礎(chǔ)，每一個細微的環(huán)節(jié)，經(jīng)過福爾摩斯的分析，就變成了非常重要的線索，將一條條線索串聯(lián)起來，整個案件便慢慢地變得清晰了。全然都在情理之中，但又在意料之外。每一條線索都來地自然，順暢，我們絲毫不能找出任何破綻。它們非常明顯，因為有了福爾摩斯的推理；它們又非常深奧，因為我們無法獨立地推理出這樣的結(jié)果。于是我們的智商又一次襯托出了福爾摩斯驚人的推理能力。

接下來，當案件的進展似乎不符合福爾摩斯的推理時，又發(fā)生了第二件命案。當我們還在為第二件命案摸不著頭腦時，福爾摩斯卻認為這符合他的推理。似乎一切都在他的意料之中。當他去過一次命案現(xiàn)場后，本以為他該繼續(xù)進行推理，然而他卻以迅雷不及掩耳之勢抓住了一個馬車夫，并說明他就是兇手。一切就是那么快，所有的人都還在尋思命案的經(jīng)過時，他卻已經(jīng)有了充分的把握認定了兇手。()一切完成之后，他回過頭來詳細說明了推理的細節(jié)，又是那么精確，那么滴水不漏。似乎作者在寫作之時，就已認定，把所有的讀者都當作了福爾摩斯的襯托。

《血字分析》，非常短小的一個案子，卻充分地表現(xiàn)出了福爾摩斯的推理能力。正因為它短小，所以它更說明福爾摩斯推理能力的高超。另一個方面，這個案子也是華生認識福爾摩斯的開始，讀者認識福爾摩斯的開始。他的推理能力無容置疑，除此之外，他更是一個活靈活現(xiàn)的人。他不是十全十美的，他有優(yōu)點，也有缺點；他有精通的方面，也有一無所知的方面。雖然并不完美，但更接近了生活，讓人感覺他就是生活在這個世界上的一員。他有鮮明的個性。他會為了一個單純的目的在實驗室鉆研幾天，他也會拉拉小提琴來打發(fā)無聊的時光。在遇到案子時，他會很亢奮；在無所事事時，他又會很沉默。他似乎是一個很理想化的人，從來不計較金錢，名利。他活得自由，活得精彩，他就是為了自己而活。

柯南道爾非常成功地塑造了福爾摩斯的形象，但同時，他的小說又是非常犀利地指出了顯示生活中存在的社會問題?！堆址治觥肪褪遣缓侠淼恼讨贫群突橐鲋贫柔劤傻谋瘎?。在當時的社會里，這樣的現(xiàn)實數(shù)不勝數(shù)。另一方面，作者又非常靈活地調(diào)侃了當時蘇格蘭場的警-察，把當時政府中一些官員明爭暗斗，追名逐利的心理和當時社會上趨炎附勢的現(xiàn)象描寫的淋漓盡致，使讀者回到了19世紀末的古老的倫敦。

優(yōu)秀的作品總是讓人越看越想看，總不希望結(jié)束，讀完《血字分析》以后我也喜歡上了福爾摩斯這個人物，心中總會有一種崇拜的感覺。雖然我也看過不少偵探小說，比如東野圭吾的《嫌疑人X的獻身》《白夜行》《惡意》等，雖然東野圭吾的推理小說同樣精彩，但是并沒有塑造一個福爾摩斯這樣的名偵探，我對福爾摩斯路轉(zhuǎn)粉，讓我更想去閱讀其他柯南道爾的福爾摩斯小說。也更理解了福爾摩斯在其他作品里死了，在無數(shù)的粉絲堅持下，柯南道爾又讓他在其他作品里復(fù)活了，現(xiàn)在能稍微了解到一點這些福爾摩斯真愛粉的心情了。

血字分析讀后感

（二）《福爾摩斯探案》之《血字的研究》讀后感

七（1）奚佳琪

說實話，這本書是我看了《名偵探柯南》以后才想看的。我曾看過這本書的簡介，覺得很平常，后來看了《名偵探柯南》，里面的主人公非常崇拜福爾摩斯，我就很好奇，柯南已經(jīng)很聰明了，為什么還這么崇拜福爾摩斯呢？難道福爾摩斯真的有什么過人之處？懷著疑問，我看完了柯南道爾整個福爾摩斯探案系列的第一篇《血字的研究》。

故事講述的一個人為了復(fù)仇而精心策劃了一切，但終被福爾摩斯偵破。這是“勞瑞斯頓花園街兇殺案”。別人都認為這是一個很離奇的事件，而且沒有任何頭緒時，卻隨著福爾摩斯的到來，現(xiàn)場慢慢地被細化。這些在我們的眼中似乎只是一盤散沙的線索通過福爾摩斯的嘴巴，它們卻成了非常有力的推理基礎(chǔ)，每一個細微的環(huán)節(jié)，經(jīng)過福爾摩斯的分析，就變成了非常重要的線索，將一條條線索串聯(lián)起來，整個案件便慢慢地變得清晰了。這不得不讓我佩服——他的知識、觀察力、推理能力等。

接下來，又發(fā)生了第二件命案。當我還在為第二件命案摸不著頭腦時，福爾摩斯卻認為這符合他的推理。似乎一切都在他的意料之中。當他去過一次命案現(xiàn)場后，本以為他該繼續(xù)進行推理，然而他卻以迅雷不及掩耳之勢抓住了一個馬車夫，并說明他就是兇手。一切就是那么快，所有的人都還在尋思命案的經(jīng)過時，他卻已經(jīng)有了充分的把握認定了兇手。一切完成之后，他回過頭來詳細說明了推理的細節(jié)，又是那么精確，那么滴水不漏。我感覺到我成了福爾摩斯的襯托。

最后的結(jié)尾也讓我覺得意味深長。“笑罵由你，我自為之；家藏萬貫，唯我獨賞?！泵髅魇歉柲λ箓善频陌讣?，到頭來，卻說是雷斯垂德和葛萊森偵破的，還說他們倆是福爾摩斯的老師。我不免為福爾摩斯抱不平。但他卻早已料到，而且并不放在心上。這就讓我想到了這周學的白居易和劉禹錫的詩，一個是“二十三年折太多”，一個卻是“病樹前頭萬木春”。

看到這兒，我明白了，為什么柯南這么崇拜福爾摩斯？柯南遇到的命案和福爾摩斯遇到的命案相比，真是小巫見大巫了。原因是，柯南的推理是基于大量的證據(jù)進行的排除，而福爾摩斯遇到的命案，則是在完全沒有候選嫌疑人的基礎(chǔ)上完全進行的推理，最后在茫茫人海中鎖定嫌疑人，并設(shè)計方法捉拿歸案。我要繼續(xù)看下去！

第四篇：英文讀書筆記

The Life And Adventures Of Robinson Crusoe On summer vacation, I read an English book called the life and adventures of Robinson Crusoe, I was attracted by the details of book and the quality of the hero.Robinson Crusoe is a youth of about eighteen years old who resides in Hull, England.Although his father wishes him to become a lawyer, Crusoe dreams of going on sea voyages.He disregards the fact that his two older brothers are gone because of their need for adventure.His father cautions that a middle-class existence is the most stable.Robinson ignores him.When his parents refuse to let him take at least one journey, he runs away with a friend and secures free passage to London.Misfortune begins immediately, in the form of rough weather.The ship is forced to land at Yarmouth.When Crusoe's friend learns the circumstances under which he left his family, he becomes angry and tells him that he should have never come to the sea.They part, and Crusoe makes his way to London via land.He thinks briefly about going home, but cannot stand to be humiliated.He manages to find another voyage headed to Guiana.Once there, he wants to become a trader.On the way, the ship is attacked by Turkish pirates, who bring the crew and passengers into the Moorish port of Sallee.Robinson is made a slave.For two years he plans an escape.An opportunity is presented when he is sent out with two Moorish youths to go fishing.Crusoe throws one overboard, and tells the other one, called Xury, that he may stay if he is faithful.They anchor on what appears to be uninhabited land.Soon they see that black people live there.These natives are very friendly to Crusoe and Xury.At one point, the two see a Portuguese ship in the distance.They manage to paddle after it and get the attention of those on board.The captain is kind and says he will take them aboard for free and bring them to Brazil.I think it was lucky that Crusoe can made friend with Friday when Crusoe didn’t express love for his parents, brothers, sisters, or even his wife.“When he espied me, he came running to me, laying himself down again upon the ground, with all the possible signs of a humble, thankful disposition, making many antic gestures to show it?to let me know how he would serve me as long as he lived.” This was what Friday did after Crusoe had rescued him from the two savages chasing him.It was easy for me to see why Crusoe had loved Friday.After sometime, Crusoe and Friday were to rescue Friday’s father.When Friday reunited with his father, the scene was easy to move anyone: “It would have moved anyone to tears to have seen how Friday kissed him, embraced him, hugged him, cried, laughed, halloed, jumped about, danced, sung;and then sung and jumped about again, like a distracted creature.The book teaches us only insist to victory, only work can let us out of trouble, work is more important than belief,I always imagine if I went to an island and live for a few days? One day? Two days? What can I do? Chopping wood? Hunting for cooking? I don't even wash his clothes are all thumbs!Then again, no one to talk, how lonely!I will suppress dead!How much visible Robinson optimistic!I think people should learn from him the does not fear the difficulty, optimistic spirit, no matter when and where to have strong to survive, even if only for a ray of hope, never give up!We should like Robinson, there is ambition, perseverance and love of labor, with their own hands to create wealth.

第五篇：英文讀書筆記

(1)把握大局 ：grasp the overall situation(2)擺譜兒 ：put on airs;keep up appearances(3)白手起家: start from scratch(4)拜年：pay New Year call(5)班門弄斧：teach one's grandma to suck eggs(5)保質(zhì)期：guarantee period(6)報銷 ：apply for reimbursement(7)爆冷門：produce an unexpected answer(8)曝光：make public(9)奔小康：strive for a relatively comfortable life(10)閉門羹：given cold-shoulder（11）比上不足，比下有余：fall short of the best,but be better than the best(12)逼上梁山：be driven to drastic alternatives(13)變相漲價：disguised inflation(14)邊遠貧困地區(qū)：outlying poverty-stricken areas(15)邊緣知識人：Marginal intellectuals(16)表面文章：Lip service;surface formality(17)博導(dǎo)：Ph.D supervisor(18)補發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)腦筋：Clear up pension payments in arrears(19)不眠之夜：white night(20)菜鳥：green hand(21)產(chǎn)品科技含量 technoligical element of a product(22)長江三角洲：Yangtze River delta(23)長江中下游：the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River(24)超前消費:pre-mature consumption(25)城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for residents(26)城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保險制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers(27)重復(fù)建設(shè)：buiding redundant project;duplication of similar projects(28)充值卡：rechargeable card(29)春運：passenger transport around the Chinese lunar new year(30)打破僵局：break the deadlock/stalemate(31)電腦盲：computer illiterate(32)點球：penalty kick(33)電視會議：video conference(34)電視直銷：TV home shopping(35)定向培訓(xùn)：training for specific posts(36)動感電影：multidimensional movie(37)豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects(38)對...毫無顧忌：make no bones about(39)奪冠：take the crown(40)政治多元化：political pluralism(41)服務(wù)行業(yè)：catering industry(42)復(fù)合型人才：inter-disciplinary talent(43)崗位培訓(xùn)：on-the-job training（44）高等教育自學考試：self-study higher education examination(45)高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)：high and new technological industrial development zone(46)各大菜系：major styles of cooking(47)各行各業(yè)：every walk of life(48)功夫不負有心人：Everything comes to him who waits(49)各盡其能：let each person do his best(50)公益活動：public welfare activities(51)工薪階層：state employee;salaried person(52)過猶不及：going too far ia as bad as not going far enough(53)函授大學：correspondence university(54)好萊塢大片：Hollywood blockbuster(55)核心競爭力：core competitiveness(56)虎父無犬子：A wise goose never lays a tame leg(57)基本國情：fundamental realities of the country(58)激烈競爭：cut-throat competition(59)極限運動：maximal exercise/X-games(60)集中精力把經(jīng)濟建設(shè)搞上去：go all out for economic development(61)加班：work extra shifts(62)嘉賓:distinguished/honored guest(63)加快市場步伐：quicken the pace of marketization(64)假冒偽劣產(chǎn)品：counterfeit and shoddy products(65)減負：alleviate burdens on sb(66)江南水鄉(xiāng)：the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River(67)教書育人：impart knowledge and educate people(68)腳踏實地：be down-to-earth(69)解除勞動關(guān)系：sever labor relations(70)擴大內(nèi)需：expand domestic demand(71)拉拉隊：cheering squad(72)論文答辯：(thesis)oral defence(73)馬到成功：achieve immediate victory(74)三維電影/動畫片：three-dimensional movie/animation

(75)森林覆蓋率：forest coverage(76)社會保險機構(gòu)：social security institutions(77)社會熱點問題：hot spots of society(78)社會治安情況:law-and-order situation(79)申辦城市：the bidding cities(80):身體素質(zhì)：physical constitution（81）生計問題：bread-and-butter issue(82)生意興隆 ：business flourishes(82)市場疲軟：sluggish market(83)市政工程：municipal works/engineering(84)事業(yè)單位：public institution（85）試用期：probationary period(86)首創(chuàng)精神：pioneering spirit(87)手機充值：cellular phone replenishing(88)臺灣同胞：Taiwan compatriots(89)脫貧致富：cast off poverty and set out on a road to prosperity(90)西部大開發(fā)：Development of the West Regions(91)新秀：up-and-coming star（92）學生處：students' affairs division(93)輿論導(dǎo)向：direction of public opinion(94)招生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)辦公事：enrolment and

vocation guidance office(95)支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)：pillar conerstone industry(96)中專生：secondary specialized or technical school student(97)專題報道：special coverage(98)《阿Q正傳》:The True Story of Ah Q(99)《春秋》:Spring and Autumn Annals(100)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)：intellectual property rights 匆忙地做某事 do something in a rush 商務(wù)禮節(jié)：business etiquette 面部表情facial expression 你與客戶、同事或賣主的初次接觸對你的業(yè)務(wù)成功而言是至關(guān)重要的。Your initial contact with a client,colleague or vendor is critical to your success in business.在長期看來你的第一步就會走的扎實，會帶你走向良好的人際關(guān)系。You will have a solid start for long-term and profitable relationships.(profitable有益的，盈利的)肢體語言 body language被困在盆栽后面無法起身be trapped behind a potted plant and can’t stand up（potted plant盆栽）看著其他地方或眼光亂飄,那么人家會決定你在等某個更有趣、更重要的人出現(xiàn)If you are staring off somewhere else or glancing around the room,you give the appearance of looking for someone more interesting or important to come along.(come along 出現(xiàn))堅定有力地握手offer a firm handshake伸手extend your hand抵抗住沖動 resist the urge to do先伸出手的一方往往被視為自信而且自在The person who puts a hand first comes across as confident and at ease.直觀地、直覺地intuitively 順暢而專業(yè)地做自我介紹make introductions smoothly and professionally 地位較低的人lower ranking pelple親密共處close proximity拖凈灑出來的水wipe up the spills 每個人共同承擔著公司順暢運營的職責Everyone shares the responsibility for making the company run smoothly.回應(yīng)接受能力不強unresponsive and unreceptive增加工作滿意度boost job satisfiction重要線索valuable cues 咬指甲 bite your nails 在你將咖啡壺里的咖啡倒空時，花一分鐘時間再煮一壺，這樣下一個人就能喝了。After you’ve drained the coffee pot into your cup, take a minute to make another pot for the next person.（drain排干、倒干）昨夜剩下的食物 leftover food 別這么做 Forget about it.將復(fù)印機參數(shù)重新設(shè)定回正常值 reset the copy machine to normal copying.（reset重置）在你剩下的東西發(fā)霉之前，扔掉它們。Before your leftovers sprout green fuzz,toss them.這些東西會塞滿公用的冰箱 that jam up the communal refrigerator(communal 公用的)為自己設(shè)立時間表，每天花幾個時間段閱讀、回復(fù)電子郵件。Set up a schedule to read and respond to your e-mail several times each day.（Set up a schedule）由于非語言交流是在無意識的層面上學習和采用的because nonverbal communication is learned and practiced on an unconscious level（nonverbal communication 非語言交流）你應(yīng)該清楚地了解哪些行為讓人很難接近你。（hinder 阻礙；vital 必不可少的，極其重要的）it is vital to understand some of the non-receptive behaviors that hinder your approachability.避免以下六種交流障礙 aviod the following six barriers to communication（barrier 障礙）將陌生人變成有價值的聯(lián)系人transtform strangers into valuable connections（transtform?into）別人會認為你很焦慮 you will be perceived as anxious 你的目光向上your eyes are focused up 沉浸于沉思中be engrossed in deep thought 思維閉塞close minded會評判別人的judgmental 聳肩 close your shoulders聽耳機 listen to headphones知道最新的新聞 catch up the news 惟一一個阻擋了你將他人轉(zhuǎn)化為互相有用的聯(lián)系人的人，就是你自己。The only thing that stands in your way of transforming people into mutually valuable connections is you.具有感染性的微笑contagious smile 把自己與互動隔絕shield yourself from interaction其他人會很樂意接近你的others will be happy to step onto your front porch 推銷單sales pitch一份手寫感謝信是最好的方法 A handwritten thank you note is the best route to take.你永遠不知道以后你會在何時何處需要他們 You never know what you may need from them down the road.(down the road在將來，今后)完成你的目標 accomplish your goal 有時候，短期的損失能帶來長期的收獲Sometimes a short term loss can equal a long term gain.粗體筆 A bold pen 特別亮麗的顏色 distinct bright colors 贅述 become hung up on length有破損的衣服frayed clothing 相關(guān)建

議attire recommendations 合成材料synthetic material在我們工作的環(huán)境中，衣服應(yīng)該平正無皺。In our work environment ,clothing should be pressed and never wrinkled.有品位的領(lǐng)帶 tasteful ties 有節(jié)制with restraint工作中有幾天是便服日，通常是周五。Certain days can be declared dress down days,generally Fridays.(dress down days便服日)沒有后續(xù)行動does not include any followup沒有任何一種著裝能涵蓋所有的可能性，因此，員工們必須在某種程度上做出自己的判斷。No dress code can cover all contigencies so employees must exert a certain amount of judgement in their choice of clothing to wear to work.在此期間in the mean time雙方both parties專業(yè)形象是值得提倡的，濃妝艷抹是不專業(yè)的體現(xiàn)。A professional appearance is encouraged and excessive makeup is unprofessional.我深深堅信 I believe profoundly that如果著裝依舊不符合要求，那么公司將會采取進一步的規(guī)范行動。Progressive disciplinary action will be applied if dress code violations continue.一段關(guān)系必須經(jīng)過培養(yǎng) A relationship must be nurtured.理所當然地 understandably.它會隨著時間的推移而增長It grows over time.一個現(xiàn)實的希望a realistic aspiration在有效的關(guān)系中，每一方都開誠布公的表達他們的立場和感受。In effective relationships,parties openly express their position and feelings.如果我決定了，我與某人的關(guān)系很重要，那么我會投入時間和精力，以了解那個人的需求并處理過程中出現(xiàn)的任何障礙。If I decide my relationship with someone is important,then I will invest time and energy to understand that person’s needs and to deal with anything that gets in the way.在非正式場合 in informal settings 無用的futile即使我嘗試后失敗了，我也知道我已經(jīng)盡了全力，這會讓我心里寬慰些。Even if I try and fail, I will know that I gave it my best shot and gain comfort from that.提及對自己重要的事項 raising issues that are important to them借以whereby建立一個人們能夠表達感受的文化develop a culture whereby people can express their feelings.建立親密感build closeness大家都是那樣的All are like that.讓我們依次研究一下這些阻礙吧Let’s take a look at each of these in turn.鼓勵人們互相聯(lián)系的公司文化會促使人們做出一種充滿激情的、共同達成美好目標的互相承諾。Organizational cultures that encourage people to connect can generate a passionate commitment to achieve wonderful things together.不管不顧地將任務(wù)達成drive through the task regardless在形成有效關(guān)系時，有很多困難和阻礙，如，曾經(jīng)有過互不信任或刻板印象，關(guān)系不好而責怪對方，專注于任務(wù)本身而忽略了對方的感受和需求，還有雙方目標、角色和期待不清晰等。A number of things can get in the way of forming an effective relationship , including: a history of mistrust or stersotyping, blaming the other party for a difficult relationship,focusing on the task and excluding the feelings and needs of others, and unclear objectives, roles and expectations of each other.這會導(dǎo)致關(guān)系的破裂 This causes distruction in relationships.疏遠自己的客戶alienate your customers誤解無法避免，關(guān)系也會因此惡化 misunderstandings are inevitable and the relationship will suffer他將信息反饋給對方He then feeds back to this person.接著雙方角色對調(diào)Then the roles are reversed.得出解決方案arrive at a solution一張紙a sheet of paper 開個全體會議meet together in a plenary session 研究數(shù)據(jù)examine the data解決共有的問題tackle common problems啦啦隊the cheerleader知己the confidante密友the sidekick守護神the guardian ['gɑrd??n] angel圣人the sage全力支持某人root for sb.甚至在我們偶爾摸索前進的時候even in the rare moments when we fumble忠誠的loyal鏡子反射出你的成就和錯過的機遇，并以一種基于事實的方式呈現(xiàn)出來。The mirror reflects back your accomplishments and missed opportunities in a fair evidence-based way.對你持有中性態(tài)度Be neutral about you 在最平凡的日子里in the most mundane day 在附近埋伏著lurk nearby當有人緊隨其后時，你會跑得更快You run faster when there’s someone right on your heals.低估underrate深刻的見解insightful ideas他們不會為各種各樣的壓力而分心They don’t get distracted by miscellaneous [,m?s?'lenj?s] pressures or issues.提出方法和建議propose

solutions and suggestions討論后續(xù)行動或接下來的步驟discuss follow-up or next steps這兒有一些基本步驟，幫你解決與上司直接的棘手問題。Here are some basic steps to help you address a touchy issue with your boss.徹底地回顧一遍review it thoroughly他需要點時間看看財務(wù)記錄之后才能答應(yīng)你的要求He needs time to review the financial records in advance of committing to your request.新主管a new supervisor現(xiàn)在你的努力會為長期的有利工作關(guān)系打下基礎(chǔ)Your efforts now will lay the groundwork for a productive working relationship over the long haul.對你一整天的情況都緊密監(jiān)控keep close tabs on you throughout the workday職業(yè)背景vocational background一家大型投資銀行a major investment bank 衣櫥wardrobe表現(xiàn)主動性demonstrate initiative拿一摞文件，在別人要求你閱讀它們之前把它們讀完taking a stack of files and going through them before you are asked它值得再三提起it bears repeating 它使我明白了許多道理It has made me realize lots of common sense.言而由衷，說話算話。Say what you mean and mean what you say.沒有什么比真心交流更有效了There’s no substitute for authentic communication.降低自己給別人提意見的欲望，提高尋求他人意見的欲望Be less inclined to give advice and more inclined to seek it.克制沖動，不要對他人及其動機草率地下結(jié)論。查查源頭、獲得事實，再作出決定Resist the urge to jump to conclusions about people and their motives.Go to the source,get the facts,and then decide.認清總讓你抓狂的人的最大優(yōu)點，下次你倆互動時，將這個有點牢記在腦中Identify the biggest redeeming quality of that person who’s always driving you crazy.Keep it in mind the next time the two of you interact.（redeeming補償?shù)?，彌補的）當與同事打招呼時，跳過愚蠢的“你好么？”問一個能夠顯示出你真的對他感興趣的問題When greeting a colleague,skip the mindless“How are you ?”Ask a question that shows the genuine interest.不用自己的方式向別人道謝。真誠的感謝是很有力的武器——它集反饋、認可和尊重于一體。Go out of your way to say thank you.Sincere appreciation is powerful stuff——it’s feedback, recognition,and respect all wrapped in one.（all wrapped in one集??于一體）如果你表達感激過晚，那就要補償這一延誤。與每個你還未感謝的人聯(lián)系，讓他們知道你多么感謝他們的幫助。.If you’re overdue in showing gratitude,make up for lost time.Contact everyone who’s owed thanks from you, and let them know how much you appreciate their help.將功勞和奉承獻給每一個有所貢獻的人。如果你認為某一個可喜的成就完全出自你手，那就再想想吧.When credit and compliments come your way ,spread them around to all who helped.And if you’re solely responsible for that honored achievement,think again.只有當你確實做得到的時候再做出承諾。如果你沒有做到，就要向他人解釋為什么Promise only what you can deliver,If what you deliver falls short,explain why.當事情出現(xiàn)問題的時候，忍住不要責怪他人。失敗來自體系，所以糾正體系，不要糾正別人。When things go wrong.Resist the urge to assign blame.It’s the system that really fails,so fix the system,not the people.擴大你的社交圈。如果你總是和同一批人吃午飯，那你應(yīng)該邀請新的人加入。Widen your social circle.If you always go to lunch with the same group,invite someone new.無緣無故也要送禮。如果你和熱愛自然的人一起工作，那就送些植物或花卉。如果團隊常年喜愛甜食，那就弄些甜食來，并隨時補足。Give a gift for no reason.If you work with nature lovers,order some plants or flowers.If the group has a chronic sweet tooth,get some sweet dishes and keep them full.當你聽到一個謠言時，要左耳進右耳出When a rumor reaches your ear,let it go out the other.適時地將每天的單調(diào)任務(wù)放到一邊，和同事閑聊一會。如果這個同事很少與你交談，那就更好了。Step down from the treadmill of daily task and have an inefficient chat with a colleague.If it’s someone you rarely engage in conversation,all the better.對他人的興趣表示你的興趣。你可能對帕特的集郵興趣并不那么感冒，不過如果你問起的話，帕特總是會興高采烈的。.Show interest in someone else’s interests.You may not be dying to hear about Pat’s passion for stamp collecting,but Pat will be

thrilled you asked.當你選擇了一個立場，并在稍后發(fā)現(xiàn)自己站錯了邊，那么就誠實地說出來。When you take a stand and later realize it’s the wrong stand,be honest enough to say so.在權(quán)衡選擇和作出決定的時候，讓更多的人參與進來。你周圍有讓人難以置信的絕妙想法，所以干嘛不好好利用呢？Involve more people in weighing options and making decisions.There‘s incredible brainpower all around you,so why not put it to work?如果你想要給步行幾步即可走到他面前的同事發(fā)郵件，別這么做。起身、走過去，跟他們直說你要說的。If you tend to send e-mails to colleagues who are an easy walk away.Give the computer a rest.Get up,walk over, and talk to them.試著一整天都不要對人做出評價。祝你好運，這可不是容易事兒。Try going a whole day without making judgment about people.Good luck——it’s tough!不要等著別人對你友善。甘地明白這一點：我們必須成為我們想要在世界上看到的變化。Don’t wait for kindness to come your way.Gandi had it right:we must be the change we wish to see in the world.寫郵件compose a email一旦你想到了這封電子郵件的讀者，你傳達信息的語調(diào)和內(nèi)容就會起相應(yīng)的變化。Once you have your reader in mind, youe message’s tone and contest follows suit.主題欄永遠要與你的主題相關(guān)Always align your subject line to your subject.有負面后果have negtive consequences將你的要求隱藏在郵件的中間段落當中bury your request in the middle of the paragraphs強調(diào)信息highlight information草稿箱draft folder簡短而到位short and sharp正式的晚宴上，對話不應(yīng)該冒犯到周圍的人 Conversation at a formal dinner should nor be offensive to those around you.如果你覺得你說的有些過頭了If you sense that you’ve crossed the line in dinner topics.(cross the line做的太過分了，過格了)用牙簽剔牙pick up your teeth with a toothpick 如果接電話的人不知道打電話的人是誰，那么立刻告知打電話的目的和打電話的人的相關(guān)信息就很重要了If the caller is not known to the receiver it is important that the purpose of the call and the caller’s credentials are established immediately.在電話交談中，詳細說明你致電的原因Particularize your intension behind the call.詳細敘述信息并詳細說明打電話的目的Expand upon information and specify the purpose of the call在打電話的時候，你要時刻牢記秘密事件的隱私性和安全性Privacy and security around furtive issues must always be borne in mind on the phone.如果電話交談中敏感話題必須出現(xiàn)，商務(wù)禮節(jié)要求你向接電話的人確定這么做是否合時。If it is imperative that sensitive discussions take place over the phone,business etiquette requires that you confirm with the receiver whether this is appropriate.輕率的行為或決定rash actions or decisions 簡體中文字simplified Chinese characters 金色是一種會帶來幸運的顏色Gold is an auspicious color頭銜title 表現(xiàn)良好禮節(jié)demonstrate good etiquette幾個重要例子a few key examples對??也適用be applicable to 佛經(jīng)故事Buddhist Parables過去有一個人，頭上沒有毛發(fā) Once,there was a man who was bothered by total baldness.夏天苦于暴曬之熱 In summer, the heat scorched his head.(scorch v.炙烤)他晝夜不得安寧 He had no peace day or night.所以這個禿子便來到醫(yī)師的住所，對醫(yī)師說：“大師，替我治好這個病吧。”So the bald man called on him at his residence and implored him,“Master ,please cure my illness.”(implore v.懇求，請求；implore sb to do sth.)他非常愚昧無知His foolishness knew no bounds 看到一個極美的三層樓的樓房，高大富麗、寬敞明亮 see a magnificent three-storeyed building which was tall ,spacious and bright.(magnificent極美的.多形容建筑 spacious 寬敞的)喚來木匠 call in a carpenter 于是他要求給他建一座類似的房子 whereupon he ordered a similar house be built for him.(whereupon conj.于是，在此以后)木匠開始測量地基，壘磚造樓The carpenter started to clear the ground and piled up mud bricks.無法自制unable to restrain himself 看守keep an eye on 戴一條條紋領(lǐng)帶wear a striped tie由于燈光的照射天空是棕黑色的 The sky is dark brown because of all the city lights that shine up into the sky.旗子在旗桿上，旗桿使旗子直插云霄，所以旗桿風可以使旗子迎風招展The flag is

on a pole.The pole puts the flag high into the air,so the wind can make it flap.旗桿是豎直的，旗子是水平的。The pole is vertical and the flag is horizontal.它有13條條紋是因為13個殖民地打敗了英國It has 13 stripes because 13 colonies defeated the British.除了幾朵云彩，天空晴朗The weather in this picture is clear except for a few clouds.驢子拉著一個無蓋的運貨車This wagon is being pulled by a mule.他麻袋里的貨物像是食物His cargo looks like food in sacks.這些食物將被帶到集市上去賣These sacks of foods will be moved to the market where they will be sold.貨物對運貨車來說太重了The cargo is very heavy for the wagon.輪胎似乎沒有氣了The tires also look like they have low air pressure.電線桿an electrical pole磚墻（磚壁）brick wall 夸大其詞，效果甚微overpromising,under-delivering格子裙a plaid skirt