第一篇：英語作文最佳框架結構

Low-carbon life is the lifestyle of the time to minimize energy consumption, thereby reducing carbon dioxide emissions.Low-carbon life, for those of us ordinary people is an attitude to life.It gives us is a willing and we were creating a low carbon life issues.(低碳生活就是把生活作息時間所耗用的能量要盡量減少，從而減低二氧化碳的排放量。低碳生活，對于我們這些普通人來說是一種生活態度。它給我們提出的是一個愿不愿意和大家共創造低碳生活的問題。)Taomi Shui can be used to wash their hands every day, clean furniture, water the flowers and so on.Clean, natural moisture;2.Scrap paper will pave the lowest in the closet can not only absorb moisture, can absorb the smell in the closet;4.Drink tea residue, dry it, make a tea pillow comfortable, and help to improve sleep;(每天的淘米水可以用來洗手、擦家具、澆花等。干凈衛生，自然滋潤； 2.將廢舊報紙鋪墊在衣櫥的最底層，不僅可以吸潮，還能吸收衣柜中的異味； 4.喝過的茶葉渣，把它曬干，做一個茶葉枕頭，既舒適，又能幫助改善睡眠；)Lifestyle to reduce energy consumption when, thereby reducing the carbon, especially carbon dioxide emissions.Low-carbon life, for us ordinary people, an attitude, not ability, we should actively promote and to practice the “low carbon” life, pay attention to energy saving, fuel-efficient, water saving, solar terms, starting from scratch.(生活作息時所耗用能量要減少，從而減低碳，特別是二氧化碳的排放。低碳生活，對于我們普通人來說，是一種態度，而不是能力，我們應該積極提倡并去實踐“低碳”生活，注意節電、節油、節水、節氣，從點滴做起。)

Topic sentence 1____has become a common part of people 's life.空格內用概括性的詞語填出最近出現的總體現象

2And______has always aroused the greatest concern.空格內填題目要去討論的具體現象

3what impress es us most is ______

現象的具體表現

4The reason _____are varied

過渡句，填現象或現象帶來的后果，為下文分析產生的原因作鋪墊

5_______among_____-the ______various reasons,______plays an important role.原因之一 6That is to say,_____

具體說明原因一 7What is more ,_______原因二

8For example,________

舉例說明原因二

9When talking about _______,_______

空格一填作者要討論的現象，空格二填作者的看法。10 On the one hand _______

支持看法的理由一或說明看法的第一個方面 11 On the other hand_______理由問或第二個方面。

一、議論文

開頭段：

1、When talked about---,the overwhelming majority of people are of the opinion that----but others think a little bit differently that-------

2、There has been a heated discussion about-----Some people think that-------(正觀點)，others, however, are of the opinion that---(反觀點)

中間段：

Those who argue that----(正觀點)have the reasons as follows.First,------

Second,------

Third/Besides,------

Others also have their own opinions.(反觀點)

On the one hand,-----

On the other hand,-----

Last but not the least,-----

結尾段：

1、TO sum up, I hold that------(正反觀點隨便選一種，正觀點為多數，或者說個中立的觀點)

2、In conclusion,(同上)

3、In summary，4、From what's said above, I'd like to bring my story to a conclusion that--------

二、說明文/描述文(常見有柱狀圖、餅狀圖以及表格)

開頭：

As is vividly/symbolically shown/described/depicted/illustrated/revealed in the

drawings/photos/pictures, we can find with ease that-----(據圖所示，我們可以很清楚地看出---)

中間：由上述所表示的情況寫出現象背后的本質

結尾：提出自己的想法(解決方法、辦法或手段)2010年12月英語四級作文預測(1)

鑒于近年來所考題目以議論文為主，所以給出如下3道議論文模擬題并做一淺析，以供參考。

(1)The Shortage of Fresh Water

1、目前淡水資源非常緊缺

2、為什么會出現這種情況

3、該如何解決

2010年12月英語四級作文預測(2)

鑒于近年來所考題目以議論文為主，所以給出如下3道議論文模擬題并做一淺析，以供參考。

(2)Part-time Jobs for College Students

1、目前大學校園里很多學生業余時間做兼職

2、對于大學生是否該做兼職工作，人們看法不一

3、我的看法

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Unhealthy Living Style of Youngsters.You should write no less than 120/150 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1、現代年輕人有多種不健康的生活習慣，例如。。

2、這些不健康生活習慣的危害是

3、我們應該怎樣做

寫作思路：三個提綱，對應寫三個段落：提出問題、分析問題、解決問題

首段提出問題，三句話：背景交代+具體描述+舉例說明

The past few years have witnessed the rapid development of people’s living standards.However, at the meantime, it can be noticed that youngsters in contemporary society have a variety of unhealthy living habits.Typical examples include: staying up too late, being addicted to Internet and eating junk food.二段分析問題危害：三句話：主題句(總)+危害1+危害2

Quite obviously, the negative impacts of these habits are various.To begin with, they will impair or harm young people’s physical health.In addition, if this situation were to continue, it certainly would be a possibility that young people would suffer from low efficiency in their work and study.三段解決問題(建議措施)：三句話：主題句(總)+建議1+建議2

To tackle this problem, it is high time that we took feasible steps to restrain this trend.First, it is suggested that public should enhance their awareness of healthy living.Second, we are also highly expected to encourage our friends, relatives and families to refute unhealthy living styles.(151words)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Competition.You should write no less than 120/150 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:

1、現代社會競爭激烈，例如。。。

2、有人喜歡競爭，也有人持反對意見

3、我的看法

On Competition

寫作思路解析：

首段：四句話：現象描述+正方觀點+正方理由1+正方理由2

Living in an era of information and technology, individuals are confronted with a wide variety of competitions or pressures: in study, we suffer from academic competition;in work, we live under pressure of efficiency;in life, we strive against the ascending cost of living.Some are in favor of competition.In their eyes, without competition, it is impossible for the society as a whole to progress.Besides, in their opinion, competition will definitely promote the development of those who spare no effort to work, which otherwise would be impossible.二段：三句話：反方觀點+反方理由1(危害)+反方理由1(危害)

Rewarding as it is, others hold an opposite perspective.First, what makes many experts worried is that too many competitions may harm people’s physical and mental fitness.Second, to some extent, their opinion derives from the fact that competition between friends or colleagues may impair the friendship or team spirit.尾段：三句話：我的看法+理由+展望未來

As a college student, I am firmly convinced that it is necessary to have some competition.In spite of the disadvantages, we do need competition to enhance our working and studying efficiency.Only by means of proper competition can we hope to witness the ideal scene in which every one spare no effort to their work and study.(207words)

Welcome the World Expo As we all know that Shanghai will host the 2010 World Expo.The World Expo has a long history but it has never been held in Asia.So it is a great honor for our city.It is a great honor for all the Asians,too.As a host city,Shanghai will have more chances to develop quickly.The government has promised that it will be the best one among all the Expo that was host in other cities.As a student in Shanghai,I should learn English well so that I can be a volunteer in the World Expo.I want to help vistors that cone from all over the world.I will help them know more about Shanghai and China.I will do my best to welcome the World Expo.【翻譯】迎世博會

正如我們都知道，上海將主辦2010年世界的博覽會.這世博會有著悠久的歷史，但從未在亞洲舉行。因此，它是我們城市的巨大的榮譽。這也是所有的亞洲人非常榮幸。作為主辦城市，上海將有更多的機會迅速發展。政府已作出承諾，這將是世博會中的所有其他城市這是最好的主機之一。作為一個在上海的學生，我要學好英語，這樣我可以成為世博會志愿者。志愿者要幫助來自世界全國各地的的訪問者認為誰將幫助他們了解更多關于上海和中國.我將盡我所能，迎接世博會。

The significance of the Shanghai World Expo Shanghai World Expo carbon the theme “Better City, Better Life”, can be said that both the design and construction from the venue or from the internal structure, all reflect the human yearning for a better life and create.而其中最能體現這一點的，莫過于低碳元素的展示和運用。Which best reflect this point, than the display and use of low-carbon elements.在全球變暖、氣候惡化、人類生存環境越來越糟糕的今天，節能減排已經成為人類的共識和迫切任務，“低碳”成為最時尚的生活方式，“綠色”成為高頻詞匯，而真正要把環保融入人們的生活，需要人類在城市設計中融入更長遠的目光和更智慧的方式，世博會正好提供了這樣一個經驗交流和共享的平臺。Global warming, climate change, human environment is getting worse today, energy conservation has become a common and urgent task of mankind, “low carbon” has become the most fashionable lifestyle, “green” has become a high-frequency words, while environmental protection should be integrated into real people's lives, need to integrate the design of the human in the city longer-term vision and a more intelligent way, the Expo will provide such a platform for experience exchange and sharing.An activity about low carbon living Currently,my school is launching an activity whose theme is that actions change the world to advocate the low carbon living.In the activity,we are required to go to school or some other place by bike or by foot as much as possible instead of by bus.And when the Christmas comes,sending e-greeting cards instead of tridional cards of which are made of wood as we know.Besides,we should use both sides of every piece of paper and we should save water as well as electricity.I believe that only we do thus can we have a better living environment.My View on Job-hopping

People have different attitudes towards their work.Some prefer to stick to one occupation as their lifelong career.These people are of the opinion that one can never do his work well unless he is devoted to only one job in his lifetime.So if one changes his job frequently, he will not get the necessary experience needed in his work.Others, on the other hand, like to change their jobs at times.In their opinion, people work in order to make more money.If they havea chance to get a better paid job, they will certainly try to get this chance.Besides, if a person does only one job all his life, he will certainly be bored with it.My idea is that interest is the most important if one wants to excel others in his job.So if a person is not interested in his job, job hopping is normal and even necessary.Otherwise, he will suffer from his work, and inevitably, he is not likely to succeed in his career.

第二篇：2017考研英語作文,應用文寫作框架結構

2017考研英語作文，應用文寫作框架結構

小編相信大家都應該看考研英語的大綱要求，作文這一項里，包含的應用文的類型是多種多樣的，比如：投訴信、建議信、申請信、求職信、辭職信、求學習呢、求助信、感謝信、號召信、道歉信、簡歷、備忘錄、尋物啟事、招領啟事等等，但是小編根據歷年真題整理出來的數據表明，最常考到的是書信，尤其是在近幾年的考研作文中，應用文考的最多就是書信體應用文。所以小編整理除了一個書信的通用模板的格式給大家，供大家參考。

一、首段的寫作方法

1.問候收信人Dear Sir/Madam2.解釋寫信的原因申請:

I’m writing for an opportunity to work in your esteemed company that boasts of decadesof reputation邀請：I’m writing to request your attendance to a dinner party that is to be held in Beijing onAugust.感謝：I am writing to extend my heartfelt thanks(sincere gratitude)toward…投訴：I am writing to complain about the poor quality of a product that I purchased from yourstore two weeks ago.祝賀：I am writing to extend my sincere greetings, wishing you a happyNew Year, your careergreater success and your family happiness.二、中間段的寫作方法

1.閱讀題目要求，找到可以用到的名詞或動詞。

【示例】Write a letter of application according to the following situation.You saw anadvertisement in this morning’s newspaper.A company needs a secretary and you are interested.Write an application letter to that company.2.注意題目文字暗示，把名詞具體化，把動詞近義詞化

【示例】I am pleased to discover from Beijing Youth that your company is calling for a secretary.Iwonder if you could consider my application, for I am delighted to join your esteemed company.First, I can speak and write English fluently, which happens to meet your current requirement forthe vacancy.Second, I have a good command of Microsoft Office System, Graphic Design andADOBE system.Third and last, I am always ready to help other people because I’m patient,enthusiastic and sincere.Given these considerations, I sincerely hope that I can be a member ofyour esteemed company.三、結尾段的寫作方法(三句話)

【示例】I would appreciate your assistance in this matter.If you have any question, please don’thesitate to contact me.I can be reached at…Look forward to your reply.四、署名在文章右下角署名

一般格式為：Your sincerely…小編這次和大家分享的其實是信件的標準通用模板，即放之四海皆準的框架結構，其實考驗英語作文不乏有出現寫信這種格式的考察方法，那么小編需要提醒大家的就是，信件的寫作一定要注意格式，信件的寫作格式簡直是送

分大家的呀我的童鞋們，如果因為格式問題扣分是不是很冤枉呢!那除了格式之外同學們還要注意的就是信件內容需要把控清楚，不要脫離要求，接下來的時間里，小編或陸陸續續放上來一些應用文的其他類型的模板給大家，比如信件的具體類型，投訴信、建議信之類的，感興趣的同學跟進就好了哦!

第三篇：中考英語作文寫作高分框架結構

議論文的框架

(1)不同觀點列舉型(選擇型)

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一 _______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no doubt that ___觀點二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more _______, the more ________.(2)利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優點一______.And secondly ___優點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, every coin has two sides, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.(3)2015年中考英語作文模板：現象說明文

Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________

____.In Conclusion____________________.(4)2015年中考英語作文模板：說明原因型

Currently,A has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than A.It is clear that ______If you _____, as a result ,your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you_____failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that _____.You donn't have to look very far to find out the truth , in respect that we all know_____.It will exert a profound influence upon _____.With reference to my standpoint ,I think _____.(5)2015年中考英語作文模板：說明利弊題型

說明利弊題型

這種題型往往要求先說明一下現狀，再對比事物本身的利弊，有時也會單從一個角度(利或弊)出發，最后往往要求考生表明自己的態度(或對事物前景提出預測)

1.說明事物現狀

2.事物本身的優缺點(或一方面)

3.你對現狀(或前景)的看法

Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life.Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First----------------(A的優點之一).Besides-------------------(A的優點之二).But every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.One of the important disadvantages is that----------------(A的第一個缺點).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二個缺點).Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones.Therefore, I would like to---------------(我的看法).(From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in.Only by this way,---------------(對前景的預測).)(6)2015年中考英語作文模板：闡述主題題型

闡述主題題型 要求從一句話或一個主題出發，按照提綱的要求進行論述.1.闡述名言或主題所蘊涵的意義.2.分析并舉例使其更充實.中考英語作文萬能模板：解決方法題型 要求考生列舉出解決問題的多種途徑 1.問題現狀 2.怎樣解決(解決方案的優缺點)In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(說明A的現狀).Second,---------------(舉例進一步說明現狀)Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解決方法一).For another-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解決方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future isawaiting us because--------------(帶來的好處).一、開頭句型

I．．．．has both advantages and disadvantages．??既有利又有弊。例如： 1．Obviously television has both advantages and disadvantages． 很顯然電視有利也有弊

2．Living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages． 居住在城市有利也有弊

3．Compared with cars，bikes have their advantages and disadvantages． 和汽車比較，自行車有它的好處也有它的不好處 舉一反三：

1．Although computers bring people a lot of convenience，they have many disadvantages． 盡管電腦給人們帶來許多方便，但它們仍有許多弊端

2．．．．has many advantages．For example，．．．However，just as every coin has two sides，．．．has its disadvantages．

正如每枚硬幣有兩面一樣

（本例將利弊分開講，轉折過渡自然。just as every coin has two sides也很值得背誦。）

II．．．．play（s）an important role ／part in．．．??在??中扮演重要角色／起重要作用。例如：

1．Computers play an important role in science and technology． 2．Computers play a more and more important role in our life． Computers play an increasingly important role in our studies． 3．Education plays an important part in developing our mind． 4．Addiction to alcohol and drugs play a role in homelessness． 除了酒精和藥物在無家可歸者身上發揮作用 舉一反三：

1．Advertisement plays an informative role in our daily life． 廣告在我們日常生活中扮演著提供信息的作用

2．In the past，letters played a decisive role in long-distance communication．But now，telephone，email，fax have taken their place．

III．With the development of．．．，隨著??的發展，例如：

1．With the development of our economy，m any Chinese families can afford a car． 2．With the development of our economy and society，pollution is more and more serious． 3．With the rapid development of science and technology，people can get a college degree by taking online-courses at home． 4．With the current social and technological developments，employees with more knowledge and higher academic degrees are needed． 舉一反三：

1．With the rapid increase of China's population，housing problem is becoming more and more serious． 隨著中國人口的急劇增加，住房問題越來越突出。

2．With more and more women entering society，people's attitude towards women is changing．

隨著越來越多的婦女走入社會，人們對婦女的態度也在改變。

3．With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up，an increasing number of Chinese families can afford a car．

隨著中國改革開放的深入，越來越多的中國家庭買得起車了。

（“越來越多”除了常用的more and more外，還可以用an increasing number of，a growing number of，a significant number of，a great number of等來表達。）

IV．When it comes to．．．，some people think ／believe that．．．，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true．There is probably some truth in both arguments ／statements，but．．．當說到??，有些人認為??，但另一些人則持相反的觀點??。這兩種觀點可能都有點道理，但??。本結構先用when it comes to ．．．引出話題，再用some．．．others ．．．這個對立的結構引出了兩種相反的觀點，然后說There is some truth in both．．．表明嚴謹公正的態度，最后用but．．．很自然地引出了自己的論點。請看下面這個例子：

TV a good thing or bad thing When it comes to TV，some people believe that it is extremely valuable，as it provides relaxation，entertainment and education． Others argue that it is harmful for it begins to control our lives and deprives people of time to do other activities．There is probably some truth in both sides．But we must realize that television itself is neither good or bad．It is the uses to which it is put that determines its value to society．

二、結尾句型

英語議論文多以簡要總結全文或對所討論的問題提出解決辦法來結尾。總結全文時除常用到in one ／a word，generally speaking等外，沒有固定模式。提出解決辦法時卻常使用下一句型。V．．．．take measures to do sth．例如：

1．We should take measures to control pollution in order to save the world． 2．We'd better take effective measures to prevent students from cheating on exams． 3．The government decided to take strong measures against drug abuse4．Urgent measures should be taken to prevent terrorists from carrying out further attacks 常用句型二

一，開頭句型

1.As far as...is concerned 2.It goes without saying that...3.It can be said with certainty that...4.As the proverb says 5.It has to be noticed that...6.It`s generally recognized that...7.It`s likely that 8.It`s hardly that...It’s hardly too much to say that...What calls for special attention is that...需要特別注意的是 There’s no denying the fact that...毫無疑問，無可否認 Nothing is more important than the fact that...what’s far more important is that...更重要的是??

二，銜接句型

A case in point is...As is often the case..這是常有的事??.As stated in the previous paragraph如前段所述

But the problem is not so simple.Therefore然而問題并非如此簡單，所以?? But it’s a pity that...For all that...In spite of the fact that...Further, we hold opinion that...However , the difficult lies in...Similarly, we should pay attention to...not(that)...but(that)...不是，而是

In view of the present station.鑒于目前形勢 As has been mentioned above...In this respect, we many as well(say)從這個角度上我們可以說

However, we have to look at the other side of the coin, that is...然而我們還得看到事物的另一方面，即

三，結尾句型

I will conclude by saying...Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...All things considered,總而言之It may be safely said that...Therefore, in my opinion, it’s more advisable...It can be concluded from the discussion that...從中我們可以得出這樣的結論 From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看來??也許更好

四，能句型

Let’s take...to illustrate this.試舉例以茲證明

let’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this.It’s remains to be further studied...There’s question is how...so that, so...that...

第四篇：最佳英語開場白

最佳英語開場白！

找共同點。就算你對這個陌生人完全不了解，事實上有一點你是知道的－你知道他們與你共處一室。“So what brings you here?” 你就可以這么問。或是，如果你在你朋友Bob的派隊，你就可以問“How do you know Bob?”

贊美他們。大家都喜歡聽關于自己的甜言蜜語。“What a wonderful dress you’re wearing!”告訴他們你有多喜歡這個人的鞋子或是眼鏡。在那之后，如果他們只回答說“thank you”，你就可以接著問，類似“Where did you get it?” 或是“What’s it made out of?” 甚至是“Was it expensive?”這些問題非常有用因為這可以讓對方多告訴你一些關于他們的事。

問關于他們的問題。幾乎所有的人多有工作，那么為什么不問這個人，“So what do you do for a living?” 或是“Where are you from originally?”意思是你想了解他們是在哪里出生的。并且，問句能讓第一次的對話更簡單一些。如果這個禮貌的話，他們也會反問你同樣的問題，這樣一來你就有談論自己的機會了。

介紹你自己。不要僅僅說，“Hi, my name is John.” 告訴別人更多關于你自己的信息。“Hi, my name is John.I’m a friend of Bob’s from high school.We use to have the same math class together.” 這樣可能捕捉到對方的興趣，鼓勵他們問你問題或告訴你更多關于他們的信息。

對某事物作評論。不要直接問任何關于對方的問題，你可以說類似“This is a great party” 或“What a lovely house this is.” 來誘導他們說出他們的看法。就算這個房子或是派對不是他們的，這樣的評論聽起來也非常的舒服容易讓人談論起來。就象是第一個建議，這些開場白能起很好的作用因為你和對方有共同之處：你們在互相交談。best ice-breakers for any English social situation!

Find something in common with them.Even if you think you don’t know anything about this new person, you actually do – you know they’re in the same room as you.“So what brings you here?” you can ask.Or, if you’re at your friend Bob’s party, you can ask “How do you know Bob?”

Compliment them.Everyone likes to hear nice things said about them.“What a wonderful dress you’re wearing!” Point out how much you like the person’s shoes or glasses.After that, if they don’t say anything more than “thank you,” you can ask a follow-up, like “Where did you get it?” or “What’s it made out of?” or even “Was it expensive?” These sorts of questions are good because they invite the person to tell you more about themselves.Ask them a question about themselves.Almost all people have jobs, so why not ask the person, “So what do you do for a living?” Or “Where are you from originally?” meaning you want to know where they were born.Again, questions make any first-time conversation easier.If the person is polite, they will ask you the question in return, which will give you a chance to talk about yourself.Introduce yourself.Don’t just say, “Hi, my name is John.” Offer some information about yourself.“Hi, my name is John.I’m a friend of Bob’s from high school.We use to have the same math class together.” This will hopefully catch the other person’s interest, prompting them to either ask you a question or offer some information about themselves.Comment on something.Without directly asking any questions of this new person, you can draw them out by saying something like “This is a great party” or “What a lovely house this is.” Even though the house or the party are not theirs, these statements still give you something pleasant and easy to talk about.Much like the first suggestion, these ice-breakers work because you do have something in common with this stranger;you’re talking to each other.

第五篇：論文框架結構

論文框架結構引言（研究的背景和意義,大約2000字，一頁半到兩頁紙）

1.1 行業實踐背景

1.2 研究現狀總結

1.3 論文的研究內容及框架結構文獻綜述（將開題報告中對應的部分按照下面的結構重新整理即可，4000字左右，三到四頁）

2.1 所研究問題定義及重要性方面的論文綜述

2.2 所研究問題研究方法方面的論文綜述方法論詳細介紹（論文所用理論方法的內容，兩到三頁，4000字左右）4 實證研究（結合具體的問題和企業實際，對理論進行應用，驗證該理論方法的實際效果，并結合具體對象完善此類問題的解決方法，三到五頁，4000-6000字左右）

4.1 企業現狀

4.2 企業面臨的物流問題分析

4.3 理論方法應用

4.4 應用后的效果及原因分析總結與展望（一頁，500-1000字）

5.1 論文內容總結

5.2 研究展望