第一篇：2013高考英語總復習 4.5A Trip Along the Three Gorges課時作業 外研版

【優化指導】（全國通用）2013高考英語總復習4.5A Trip Along the

Three Gorges課時作業 外研版

2．—Did you make sense of what the man said just now ? —No，his meaning didn’t ______.Would you explain it to me? A．get through C．get across

B．get off D．get out 解析：考查短語辨析。根據后句需要對方解釋一下，可知此人不理解剛才那個人的講話，故用C。get through 意為“接通電話”，get off 意為“停止討論”，get out 意為“生產，出版”。

答案：C 3．As a teacher，you should allow children the space to ______their opinions，even if they are different from your own.A．announce C．declare

B．sound D．voice 解析：考查詞語辨析。voice one’s opinion意為“發表意見”。announce 意為“宣布，宣告”，sound 意為“聽起來”，declare意為“宣布，宣告”。

答案：D 4．—Excuse me，I wonder if you can help.I______my ID card.—But where did you lose it? A．have lost C．had lost

B．lost D．lose 解析：考查時態。根據第二句“你把身份證丟哪里了？”可知，第一句表示說話時，身份證已經丟失，故用現在完成時。

答案：A

5．Friends are like leaves，______everywhere，but true friends are like diamonds，precious and rare.A．to find C．found

B．finding D．being found 解析：考查非謂語動詞。found everywhere＝which are found everywhere。答案：C 6．There is a real danger ______the US will not keep its position on the world economic stage.A．where C．which

B．that D．one 解析：考查同位語從句。that 引導同位語從句，且不作任何成分。答案：B 7．______it is______you obtain，you must tell your parents.A．Whatever；that C．What；that

B．No matter what；/ D．Whatever；/ 解析：本句是強調句的特殊句式，第一空whatever作被強調部分，第二空that 為強調句結構。

答案：A 8．—I’ve never found a better job.—______.A．Good luck C．Congratulations

B．Too bad D．Don’t worry

解析：考查交際用語。“我再也找不到比這更好的工作了”。“祝賀你”。答案：C 9．It is said that Van Gogh succeeded in selling only one painting in his lifetime，______sold to his brother.A．one C．the one

B．another D．which 解析：考查代詞。此空應用the one 指代前面提到的one painting。如果用which引導非限制性定語從句，應為which is sold to his brother。

答案：C 10．—I didn’t take notes at yesterday’s meeting because I had left my pen at home.—You______mine.I______it.A．must have borrowed；wasn’t using B．may have borrowed；wasn’t using C．should have borrowed；hadn’t used D．could have borrowed；wasn’t using

解析：考查情態動詞。由于第一人把鋼筆落在家里沒有做會議筆記，所以第二人說“你本來可以借用我的鋼筆，那時候我沒有用它”。所以答案為D，could have done 表示“本來可以做??”。

答案：D 11．Now we are faced with a shortage of electricity，which is found to be the ______in many other cities of our country.A．example C．matter

B．condition D．case 解析：考查詞語辨析。example意為“例子”，condition意為“狀況，條件”，matter 意為“事情，問題”，case 意為“具體情況”，根據語境可知選D。

答案：D 12．There is no ______method of measuring intelligence.A．precious C．primary

B．previous D．precise 解析：考查詞語辨析。precious意為“珍稀的”，previous意為“先前的，以往的”，primary 意為“首要的”，precise意為“準確的”，根據句意“沒有測量智力的準確方法”可知，應選D。

答案：D 13．A dozen family members gathered at the table______there were traditional local foods such as preserved ham sausage.A．what C．that

B．which D．where 解析：考查定語從句。根據先行詞table，可知此空用關系副詞where。

答案：D 14．To deal with the global financial crisis，China has ______a string of forceful measures over the past months.A．worked out C．turned out

B．found out D．made out 解析：考查短語辨析。work out 意為“計劃，思考”，find out 意為“發現”，turn out 意為“出席”，make out 意為“看清，辨認清楚”。根據句意“為了應對全球金融危

機，中國在過去的幾個月計劃了一系列的有力措施”可知，應選A。

答案：A 15．The director added a few characters and changed some names in this movie，but ______this is a true story.A．completely C．necessarily

B．essentially D．gradually 解析：考查詞語辨析。根據句意“導演在這部電影中添加了幾個人物，還更改了一些名字，但基本上這是一個真實的故事”可知應選B，essentially 意為“本質上，基本上”。

答案：B

二、完形填空

My family spent one summer vacation enjoying the beaches.My oldest daughter was about 6 years old and the youngest was 3.I bought a two-man inflatable boat thinking this would __1__a really fun day for both of them.But the little one got tired.So，I took her to our spot on the sand as my older girl__2__to play in the boat.I probably became a little too __3__with my younger daughter and spent a little too much time not __4__what was going on within the small distance to the water.But I became concerned __5__I saw the little boat with my oldest daughter in it had moved far out from the shore.I__6__to her to come closer to shore and she seemed to be __7__and not doing all she could to accomplish just that.Her little arms were too __8__to reach across the boat.About this time，__9__on the beach were noticing this little girl so far out but no one seems to be __10__anything but watching.I was standing as far out in the water as I could—shouting instructions to her with no__11__.I couldn’t__12__any longer and jumped into the water immediately，not realizing I couldn’t swim.The first stroke(劃水動作)of my arms seemed to be in slow motion，but I couldn’t __13__I was doing this.I swam until I no longer knew or could __14__that I had legs.I saw my arms somehow __15__its own hook over the edge of that small boat and began making my way__16__pulling her and calming her，when everything inside me was screaming.We made it back to shore and even __17__some applause but my life was forever changed by that __18__.I learned we don’t always have to __19__our own strength.But，if we can trust enough and take that first stroke we will have all

the __20__we need.語篇解讀：生活中難免有意料不到的事情發生，但只要我們邁出第一步，就會有勇氣面對一切困難。

1.A.make for C．stand for

B．apply for D．substitute for 解析：我買了一個雙人充氣艇，認為這樣會為女兒們增加樂趣。make for促成，有助于；apply for申請；stand for代表；substitute for 代替。

答案：A 2．A.started C．wished

B．continued D．happened 解析：聯系上下文可知：大女兒繼續在船上玩。答案：B 3．A.busy C．involved

B．delighted D．strict 解析：從本句spent a little too much time可知我可能太關注我的小女兒了，花的時間有點多。

答案：C 4．A.noticing C．providing

B．observing D．imagining 解析：沒注意到水上發生的事情。notice注意；observe觀察；provide提供；imagine想象。

答案：A 5．A.so C．if

B．though D．when 解析：但當我看到載著我大女兒的小船已經離開岸邊到很遠的地方的時候我很擔心。答案：D 6．A.planned C．called 解析：我大聲朝她叫喊，讓她靠岸。答案：C 7．A.thrilled C．eager

B．confident D．frightened B．managed D．offered 解析：聯系下文可知：她似乎很害怕，不能照我說的去做。thrilled非常激動；confident自信的；eager急切的；frightened害怕的。

答案：D 8．A.long C．heavy

B．short D．narrow 解析：從上文My oldest daughter was about 6 years old可知：她的胳膊太短了。答案：B 9．A.parents C．others

B．swimmers D．passers-by

解析：就在這個時候，岸上的“其他人”只看著小女孩遠去，似半沒有一個人想做些事(來幫助她)。others其他人；parents父母；swimmers游泳者；passers-by過路人。

答案：C 10．A.doing C．requiring

B．arranging D．explaining 解析：參見上題解析。do做；arrange安排；require要求；explain解釋。答案：A 11．A.comment C．strength

B．communication D．success 解析：我大聲指導著她，但沒有成功。comment評論；communication交流；strength力氣；success成功。

答案：D 12.A．expect C．stand

B．wait D．fear 解析：我不能再等下去了，立即跳進了水里，甚至忘記了自己不會游泳的事實。wait最符合作者當時的心情。

答案：B 13．A.understand C．believe

B．remember D．mind 解析：一開始游泳時我動作很慢，但我沒想到我會這么做。believe相信，料想。答案：C 14．A.feel C．touch

B．see D．answer 解析：直到我游得身體麻木。feel感到；see看到；touch觸摸；answer回答。答案：A 15．A.loosening C．controlling

B．grasping D．forgetting

解析：我看到自己抓住了小船的鉤子。loosen松開；grasp抓住；control控制；forget忘記。

答案：B 16．A.forward C．down

B．upward D．back 解析：從下文We made it back to shore可知答案。答案：D 17．A.got C．gave

B．offered D．rewarded 解析：我們回到了岸上，甚至得到了掌聲。get得到；offer提供；give給予；reward獎賞。

答案：A 18．A.terror C．experience

B．project D．condition 解析：但我的生活被那次經歷永遠改變了。terror驚恐；project項目；experience經歷；condition條件。

答案：C 19．A.take control of C．take on

B．take away D．take over 解析：我意識到我們不一定要掌握自己太多力量。take control of掌控；take away帶走，減弱；take on呈現；take over接管。

答案：A 20．A.preparation C．appearance

B．strength D．security 解析：聯系上句的our own strength可知：但如果我們能夠充分相信自己并邁出第一步，我們就會擁有我們所需要的全部力量。

答案：B

三、閱讀理解

Scott Langteau has this message for kids：Spend less time playing video games.It’s a message that many a mom and dad have tried to impress upon many a youngster(and some not-so-youngsters)who spend perhaps a bit too much time with game controllers in hand.But the 40-year-old Langteau isn’t a parent.He’s a veteran(老手)of the video game industry—one who played producer on three“Medal of Honor”games and

co-founded his own game development company.Langteau has just published a children’s book called“Sofa Boy”，which tells the story of a kid who spends too much time sitting on the couch with controller held in hand and the rather terrible consequences that follow.It’s a fairy tale picked straight from Langteau’s own experiences as a kid with a fondness for video games and his own bouts with a bit of game addiction.But first，Langteau would like to make one thing clear：“I’m not saying that you shouldn’t play video games.I think video games are great.I think they do great things for kids.”Instead，Langteau says his book is all about a little something called“moderation(克制)”．

“It’s about being well rounded，”he says.“Just like with anything else，we all need to make sure that there’s a variety in what we do.”

Video gamers can be rather bad-tempered when it comes to accepting criticism about their favorite entertainment.And understandably so.After all，most people who go around talking about the dangers of playing video games tend to be outsiders—people who don’t play video games and certainly don’t understand that they can be a valuable and healthy form of entertainment.But Langteau and“Soft Boy”seem to be in a unique position to deliver a message of gaming moderation that the young game masses might actually listen to.After all，this is a man who understands what it means to be a kid with a passion for games.His early experience has taught him a lesson.語篇解讀：本文向我們介紹了Scott Langteau 用他自己的體驗勸告青少年要有克制地玩電子游戲和他所取得的非凡成果。

1．Which of the following is TRUE of the book“Sofa Boy”？ A．The boy in the book is not an addict on games.B．The book describes a veteran on games.C．The boy in the book wins a medal for games.D．The book tells of the writer’s own story.3．By saying“It’s about being well rounded”，Langteau thinks ______.A．games should be viewed from all sides B．games do great things for kids C．gamers are usually fat and round D．gamers are to blame for their behaviors 解析：推理判斷題。由下句“Just like with anything else，we all need to make sure that there’s a variety in what we do.”對本句的補充說明可知，Scott Langteau 希望人們對玩電子游戲有全面的了解。

答案：A 4．What topic will be discussed in the following paragraph? A．His idea to create“Sofa Boy”．

B．His enthusiasm for games when he was a small boy.C．His great achievement in games as a kid.D．His hard times to set up his game company.解析：推理判斷題。由本段中的“this is a man...with a passion for games” 和 “His early experience...”可推斷出下一段的話題。

答案：B

第二篇：高考總復習英語課時作業40

(選修八·Unit 5)

Ⅰ.單項填空

1．—Why don't you do some shopping in the second-hand store?

—Well，the goods there are ________，but ________.A．more expensive;worse

B．more expensive;not as bad

C．cheaper;good enough

D．cheaper;not as good

答案與解析：D 考查形容詞的用法。由語境結合常識可知，和新貨比起來，二手店里的貨物價格便宜，但是質量不如新貨好。很顯現這是把兩種店里的貨從價格和質量方面進行了比較，后面省略比較狀語。

2．He has a terrible toothache.So his mother has to________all his food for him.A．cut outB．cut off

C．cut upD．cut away

答案與解析：C cut up 切碎。句意：因為他牙痛的要命，所以他母親不得不為他將所有的食物切碎。cut out 切掉，停止；cut off 切斷；cut away 切掉，砍掉，均不符合句意。

3．There is not much time left，but________we must get there in time.A．somehowB．somewhat

C．howeverD．anyway

答案與解析：D anyway“不管怎樣”。句意：剩下的時間不多了，但是不管怎樣，我們必須按時到達那里。somehow“不知怎么地”；somewhat“有點”；however“然而”。

4．As time goes by，the________between the various classes of society are not so sharply marked as they used to be.A．divisionsB．gaps

C．separationsD．intervals

答案與解析：A division“區分”。句意：隨著時間的推移，現在社會上各階層的區分不像過去那樣明顯了。gap“隔閡”；separation“分開；分離”；interval“間隔”。

5．It's reported that thousands of people are going back to school online for career________or just for fun.A．developmentB．advancement

C．promotionD．relief

答案與解析：B advancement“進步，提高”，此處表示為了改進工作，很多人上網校。development當“經濟、社會等的發展”講；promotion“晉升；推廣”；relief“(痛苦，負擔等的)緩和”。

6．To our________，computers，far from getting rid of jobs，can create employment.A．anxietyB．relief

C．viewD．judgment

答案與解析：B to one's relief使某人欣慰的是。根據句意，空白處應填入一個名詞構成表示“使我們感到放心”之意的介詞短語。anxiety意為“焦慮”；view意為“觀點”；judgment意為“判斷”。句意：使我們欣慰的是，電腦完全不是消除工作，而能創造工作。

7．Not having enough to eat，many died from________in the search for the new land.A．hungryB．thirst

C．strategyD．starvation

答案與解析：D 根據not having enough to eat可知許多人死于饑餓，可排除B、C項；A項hungry為形容詞，所以選D項。

8．________his wife's strong objection，the husband insisted on putting all the money they had into the stock market，which almost drove her crazy.A．Regardless ofB．In relation to

C．On behalf ofD．In memory of

答案與解析：A regardless of“不管，不顧”。

9．She tried to explain what had happened but he________her several times.A．botheredB．spoiled

C．cutD．interrupted

答案與解析：D interrupt“打斷；插話”。bother“麻煩”；spoil“寵壞”；cut“切”。

10．Let's________that there is a selection this month.What is the result likely to be，given the latest opinion polls?

A．assumeB．announce

C．assistD．approve

答案與解析：A assume“假定；設想”，符合題意。

11．He was________when customs officers found drugs in his bag.A．arguedB．fought

C．persuadedD．arrested

答案與解析：D arrest“逮捕”符合題意。argue“爭論”；fight“打架”；persuade“說服”。

12．—I wonder if you are satisfied with my proposal.—But I prefer to see an________one before making a decision.A．alternativeB．another

C．otherD．others

答案與解析：A 根據句子意思可知回答者希望能有選擇的余地再做決定，可與one搭配的只有alternative。another前不需要冠詞。

13．The origin of Chinese culture________more than 5,000 years ago.A．is dated back toB．dates back to

C．is dated fromD．dates back

答案與解析：B more than 5,000 years ago是時間點而不是時間段，故排除D項。date back to還可以用date from來表示，它們都無進行時態和被動語態，故選B項。

14．Everyone should________and save a little money each year for when he retires.A．look forwardB．look up

C．look aheadD．look into

答案與解析：C look ahead“為將來打算”，符合題意。look forward“期望”；look up“向上看”；look into“調查”。

15．—I just hear the tickets for tonight's film had been sold out.—Oh，no！________.A．It's not at all interesting

B．It doesn't matter

C．I was looking forward to that

D．I know

答案與解析：C 題意：“今天晚上的電影票已經賣完了。”“哦，不！我一直盼著呢！”只有C項能表達說話者的迫切的心情。

Ⅱ.閱讀理解

Starbucks coffee shops can be found all over America and in more than thirty countries around the would.Many people think they are great places to enjoy a cup of hot coffee or tea.But others dislike the company.If you are in any major city in America，the chances are great that you are not far from a Starbucks.In fact，you might be very close to several of these coffee shops.The company started in the West Coast city of Seattle，Washington，in 1971.Starbucks was named after a character in the famous American novel Moby-Dick by Herman Melville.Today，there are more than 12 000 Starbucks around the world.Sales in 2008 were almost eight billion dollars.Starbucks sells more than just plain coffee.It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language and coffee workers called“baristas”．It sells many kinds of hot and cold coffee drinks；like White Chocolate Mocha and Frappuccino.It also sells music recorders，coffee makers，food，and even books.But most of all，it sells the idea of being a warm and friendly place for

people to sit，read or talk.Starbucks is a great successful story.Buiers are willing to pay as much as five dollars for coffee drink.Many people say they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want and it is nearby.Some say Starbucks has helped to educate people about coffee from many countries.However，some people do not like the company's expansion.Owners of independent coffee stores cannot compete with Starbucks.Some small coffee sellers even took the company to court，saying Starbucks controls the market and forces out competition.1.Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?

A．Starbucks，the Coffee Giant(巨人)

B．The World's Starbucks

C．Starbucks，Selling Ideas

D．Starbucks，In or Out

答案與解析：A確立文章標題。文章主要介紹擁有眾多連鎖店的咖啡店巨無霸Starbucks，B、C、D三項都只是介紹Starbucks coffee shops的某一個側面，較片面。

2.People will go to Starbucks for coffee drink because of________.A．the sense of satisfaction there

B．the highly educated baristas

C．the plain taste of the drink

D．the low price there

答案與解析：A 細節理解題。由第四段第三句“Many people say they go to Starbucks because they can depend on it to have exactly what they want”由此推斷人們去Starbucks是由于一種滿足感。

3.What do you think takes the most important role in Starbucks' success?

A．Selling their ideas.B．The coffee culture they have created.C．Their great economic power.D．All kinds of their coffee drinks.答案與解析：B 判斷推理題。由第三段中“Starbucks sells more than just plain coffee.It started a whole coffee culture with its own special language...But most of all it sells the idea of being a warm and friendly place for people to sit，read or talk”可推斷Starbucks成功之處在于他們創立的咖啡文化。

4.The writer's attitude towards Starbucks is________in writing the passage.A．supportiveB．critical(批評的)

C．objectiveD．doubtful

答案與解析：C 判斷作者態度題。本文介紹Starbucks咖啡連鎖店特有的文化經營理念，所以作者的態度是客觀的。

Ⅲ.篇章結構

“__1__It all depends on your personality，”said British naturalist Richard Mabey.“Personality shapes your view of the season，”he said.“You may see it as a fading away，a packing up(結束)，or as a time of packing in another sense –the gathering of resources before a long journey.” __2__ About November，he wrote：

No warmth，no cheerfulness，no healthful ease

No shade，no shine，no butterflies，no bees

November!

On the other hand，another English poet John Keats，already sensing he was seriously ill，was inspired by a late September day to pen one of the most famous poems in the English language，According to Richard Mabey，Keats has the biological evidence on his For example，just at the moment that Keats's“gathering swallows”(in To Autumn)are departing for Africa，millions of creatures are fleeing from the frozen north like Iceland，Greenland and Russia

to winter along the east and south coasts of Britain.People might argue that it is the coloring of the leaves and their eventual fall that make people feel sad about autumn.But no one is sure why trees drop their leaves in the first place.It may be likely to rid the poisonous material trees collect over A century after Keats，the American poet Loren Eiseley wrote in his journal：“Suppose we saw ourselves burning like maples in a golden autumn.And suppose we could disintegrate(瓦解)like autumn leaves...Would not our attitude towards death be different？”

A.Autumn is not a time of slowing down，but a time of new beginnings and great movements of creatures.B．He wrote to a friend afterwards that there was something comforting and healing about autumn.C．Keats thought we should take a negative attitude towards death.D．Autumn means different to different people.E．If this is true，perhaps it tells us a little about，for instance，Thomas Hood，the 19th Century English poet.F．More likely，it is a way of reducing the loss of water，which tree roots find hard to take in from cold soil.G．The fall of tree leaves is more likely to make people sad.答案： 1.D 2.E 3.B 4.A 5.F

Ⅳ.短文改錯

On a snowy winter night，a bus with 45 passenger had an accident because the slippery road.And all of them were trapping in the bus and what was worse，the bus ran out of gas and it is very cold in it.They could do nothing but to wait for help.A man who lived nearby saw what had happened.He and some villagers tried to open the door and helped all of whom out of the bus.He took them to his home but offered them food and water and even some warm clothes for children.They spent two days in his home and finally help came.All of them were thankfully for his kind help.答案：

On a snowy winter night，a bus with 45had an accident because ∧ the slippery of

road.And all of them were trapping in the bus and what was worse，the bus ran out of gas and itvery cold in it.They could do nothing but towait for help.A man who lived nearby saw

what had happened.He and some villagersto open the door and helped all ofout of the bus.He took them to his home but offered them food and water and even some warm clothes for ∧ children.They spent two days in his home and finally help came.All of them were the

for his kind help.

第三篇：【金版新學案】2014高考英語一輪總復習課時作業8 Module 2 No Drugs 外研版必修2

課時作業(八)必修2 Module 2 No Drugs Ⅰ.單項填空

1．(2012·浙江調研)—I’ve got something weighing on my mind at the moment.Could you give me some advice? —________.Tell me all about it and I’ll do what I can.A．Never mind

C．No problem

B．No way D．Forget it 2．(2012·山東濰坊、東營、淄博、濱州四市聯考)He said he wasn’t disappointed at the result of the final exam，but the look on his face________himself________.A．gave；up C．gave；out

B．gave；off D．gave；away 3．Anny was banned________driving for two years because of a serious accident caused by drinking and driving.A．against C．in

B．from D．to 4．(2013·金華十校聯考)The conference has been held to discuss the ________of global warming on people’s lives all over the world.A．importance C．protection

B．effects D．impression 5．(2013·東北三校第一次聯考)Go to bed right away.Forget you need to get up as early as you can________the early train? A．catch C．caught

B．catching D．to catch 6．(2013·西安模擬)We were in________when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.A．a rush so anxious C．so an anxious rush

B．a such anxious rush D．such an anxious rush 7．We always pay attention to the weather because it ________us so directly what we wear，what we do and even how we feel.A．benefits C．concludes

B．affects D．attracts 8．—The cars give off a great deal of waste gas in the streets.—Yes.But I’m sure something will be done to________air pollution.A．reduce C．collect

B．remove D．warn

9．Young drivers are always careless and far more________to have accidents than older drivers.A．possible C．likely 10．(2011·濰坊模擬

B．probable D．unlikely)The matter________your study surely requires________carefully.A．related to；dealing with B．relating to；dealt with C．related to；being dealt with D．relating to；having dealt with 11．The conference was a successful one，as none of the people present________the proposal.A．agreed with C．disagreed to

B．agreed on D．disagreed on 12．—I thought it must have been William that took the dictionary by mistake.—So did I，but he________taking it.A．refused C．admitted

B．denied D．recognised 13．—Will you go out with me to see the new car exhibition? —________.I’m planning to buy one.A．I couldn’t agree more C．I believe not

B．I’m afraid not D．I don’t think so

14．Faced with trouble or difficulty，a person takes ________help that is available.A．whatever C．wherever

B．whenever D．however 15．When he returned from his vacation，he found his apartment________and a lot of things________.A．breaking into；stealing C．breaking in；stolen Ⅱ.閱讀理解

A

(2013·東北三校第一次聯考)When Taylor Swift first came to the attention of the public，she was a 17-year-old newcomer who loved singing to her guitar.She seemed far more enthusiastic than

B．broken into；stolen D．broken in；stealing

skillful.Four years later，Swift became a multi-award winner.This month，she was crowned “Woman of the Year” by Billboard magazine，the youngest singer-song-writer ever to receive the honor.“Aged only 21，Taylor has already made a maior impact on music and has been an unbelievable role model for hopeful artists and young women everywhere，” said Bill Werde，Billboard’s director.Werde’s_words_do_not_come_from_nowhere.Unlike many pop singers，especially those who do not write their own material，Swift has the power of turning her ideas into lyrics that will set people thinking.“Hidden beneath Taylor Swift’s not-a-girl，not-yet-a-woman sweetness is a very skillful songwriting technique，” wrote Leah Greenblatt in an American magazine.Songwriting，as Swift explains，is to cope with issues.“I tend to write about things that really impact me most.” There certainly seems to be something true and honest running through every one of the 14 songs on her album，Speak Now，about “the lessons and confusion and heartbreak and all the different things that go along with being 18,19 and 20.”

“For the audience too young to have experienced real passion or heartbreak，Swift’s songs are like a potential road map，promising things will work out OK，” commented Dorian ynskey in a British newspaper.Now Swift is getting ready to go further and has so far written about 10 songs for her 2012 album，which is about feelings of growing up and becoming an adult.“They’re sad，if I’m being honest.”“They’re about my heartbreaks and my moving on.But more importantly，they are about achieving contentment.You’re not always going to be perfectly happy as you grow up.”

1．What does the writer mean by saying “Werde’s words do not come from nowhere”？

A．Swift stands out as a singer and songwriter.B．Only Swift writes her own songs.C．Swift begins to take interest in singing.D．Swift decides to deal with problems in her new album.2．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? A．Swift has the ability to write songs with deeper meanings.B．Swift is both enthusiastic and skillful now.C．Swift became a multi-award winner when she began to sing on the stage.D．Swift’s album Speak Now has 14 songs.3．Taylor Swift’s 2012 album mainly records________.A．dream and reality C．pain and growth

B．heartbreak and despair D．problems and society 4．What is the best title for the passage? A．Swift comes to people’s attention B．Swift rises to fame C．Swift wins many awards D．Swift experiences real passion

B

(2013·西安市第一次質量檢測)More than half of rich Americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last Tuesday.The survey，published by the Bank of America，studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.It found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have well-developed plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”．

The majority of the 457 people surveyed are self-made，first-generation rich.Fifty-two percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.One in three parents said they had never thought to do it.They are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.Only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遺產)they plan to leave them.“There is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，” said Sallie Krawcheck，president of the Global Wealth and Investment Management of the Bank of America.“Our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”

The trend is led by the world’s richest man Bill Gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the Bill and Malinda Gates Foundation(基金會)，and not to his children.“We want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，” he said.Of his plans for his children，Gates said：“I will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage...they will need to work but they will feel

reasonably taken care of.”

5．We can learn from the passage that________.A．rich parents may not know how to manage their inheritance B．rich parents don’t equal rich kids，at least in the US C．American children don’t get to inherit their parents’ wealth D．poor children don’t expect themselves to be as rich as their parents 6．According to the survey，most rich Americans________.A．think they owe their children nothing B．think it best to give their money back to society C．doubt their children’s ability to handle wealth D．are confident of their children’s ability to handle wealth 7．The underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refers to________.A．responsible children C．first-generation rich

B．Bill Gates and his wife D．rich parents 8．From the last paragraph，we can see that Bill Gates wants to show________.A．the trend of leaving no inheritance to children B．the positive impact of charity on society C．the way of giving back to society D．the importance of independence for children 5

詳解答案

課時作業(八)

Ⅰ.單項填空

1．解析： 說話人想征求對方的建議，根據答語下一句的內容可知對方認為“沒問題”，故選C表示“(樂于相助)沒問題”。Never mind.沒關系；No way.沒門兒；Forget it.別提了。

答案： C 2．解析： 考查動詞短語辨析。語意：他說他對期末考試的結果不失望，但是他臉上的表情出賣了他。give away使露馬腳，暴露，符合語意。give up放棄；give off發出(氣味、光、熱、聲音等)；give out分發；耗盡。

答案： D 3．解析： ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事。句意為：因為一次由酒后駕駛所造成的嚴重事故，Anny被禁止開車兩年。

答案： B 4．解析： 考查名詞辨析。effects 意思是“影響”，即討論全球氣候變暖對人們生活的影響。importance 意思是“重要性”；protection 意思是“保護”；impression意思是“印象”。

答案： B 5．解析： 考查非謂語動詞。句意為：立刻去睡覺，你忘了明天需要盡可能早起去趕早班車嗎？此處是不定式短語作目的狀語。句中的as early as you can是時間狀語，與后面的不定式無關。

答案： D 6．解析： such...that...表示結果。such后接名詞，正確的語序是such an anxious rush；so后接形容詞，正確的語序是so anxious a rush，故選D。

答案： D 7．解析： 考查動詞辨析。句意為：我們總是很關注天氣的情況，因為它直接影響到我們的著裝，我們所做的事情，甚至我們的感覺。在此，affect是動詞，意為“影響”。benefit對??有益；conclude得出結論；attract吸引，均不合句意。

答案： B 8．解析： 考查動詞辨析。reduce減少，縮小；remove移動，除去；collect收集，集中；warn警告。

答案： A 9．解析： possible和probable作表語時，主語一般不能是人，常用于It’s possible/probable(for sb.)to do sth.或It’s possible/probable that...句型，可

排除A、B兩項；根據句意此處表示肯定含義，可排除D項。

答案： C 10．解析：(be)related to(與??)有關系的；require(need/want)＋動詞-ing(主動形式表示被動含義)表示“需要做??”。根據句意“與你的學習相關的那件事情確實需要仔細處理”，可知A項合適。

答案： A 11．解析： 句意為：這次大會是一次成功的大會，因為與會人員沒有不同意提議的。agree with一般后跟人；agree on表示雙方就某事達成一致意見；agree to后一般跟idea，plan，proposal等詞；根據句中none可知此處需填一否定詞，雙重否定等于肯定。

答案： C 12．解析： 考查動詞辨析。refuse拒絕，后跟不定式；deny否認，后常跟動詞-ing形式；admit承認，后跟動詞-ing形式；recognise認識，認出，后面一般跟名詞或從句。由句中but可知“他否認拿了”，故選B。

答案： B 13．解析： 考查情景交際。由I’m planning to buy one.可知說話者非常同意對方的提議。“can’t/couldn’t＋形容詞或副詞的比較級”表示“非常??，不能再??”，表示肯定概念，表示最高級含義。

答案： A 14．解析： 句意為：面對困難或挫折，一個人會接受任何可能得到的幫助。whatever 在此修飾help，意為“無論什么”，而其他三個選項，不作形容詞，不能修飾名詞，故排除。

答案： A 15．解析： break into和break in都表示“破門而入”，但后者不能接賓語，不能用于被動語態。此處break into與his apartment以及steal與a lot of things之間都是邏輯上的被動關系，故都用過去分詞的形式。broken into與stolen在此處作賓語補足語。

答案： B Ⅱ.閱讀理解

語篇解讀： 本文主要講述了Swift由開始時對音樂的酷愛到最終成為成績卓著的音樂人的故事。

1．解析： 推理判斷題。根據第二段中Werde所說的話及第三段的第二句可知，畫線句表明“Swift作為歌手和曲作家很出色。”

答案： A 2．解析： 正誤判斷題。根據第二段的第一句可知，Swift 4年后才成為一個多次獲獎的贏家。由此可知C項與原文內容不符。

答案： C 3．解析： 細節理解題。由最后一段的內容可知，她的這個專輯是有關成長及隨之而來的痛苦的。

答案： C 4．解析： 標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了Swift作為一個音樂人逐步走向成功的故事。故B項作為標題最合適。

答案： B 語篇解讀： 調查表明，大部分美國富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算將豐厚的資產傳給后代。

5．解析： 推理判斷題。第二段的后半部分提到在被調查的美國富人中，幾乎沒有人計劃為他們的孩子保留資產或者將資產傳給孩子，由此可推斷在美國，父母富有并不意味著孩子富有。

答案： B 6．解析： 推理判斷題。根據第四段內容可推知，大部分美國富人懷疑他們的孩子處理財富的能力。

答案： C 7．解析： 猜測詞義題。人們期望富裕的父母把他們的財富傳給下一代，此處they指代的是畫線詞前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。

答案： D 8．解析： 推理判斷題。根據本段中比爾·蓋茨所說的話可推知，他更強調孩子的個人奮斗，認為培養孩子的自立很重要。

答案： D

第四篇：高考英語從句總復習

從句

一． 定義

1.句子分為簡單句和復合句。簡單句是只有一個主謂賓結構。復合句是由兩個或兩個以上的主謂賓結構構成的句子。

2.復合句是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子。主句是全句的主體，從句是主句的一個成分，它不能單獨做句子，它在句子中作什么成分，就叫什么成分的從句，如作主語的就叫主語從句，作賓語的就叫賓語從句，作表語的就叫表語從句，作定語的叫定語從句，作狀語的就叫狀語從句。3.復合句主要有三大從句，即名詞性從句（包括主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句，同位語從句）、形容詞性從句（即定語從句）、副詞性從句（即狀語從句,包括時間、條件、結果、目的、原因、讓步、地點、方式等）。

二． 名詞性從句

（一）主語從句

1.主語從句是指從句充當主語的句子。2.引導詞;關系代詞：（1)從句成分什么都不缺：thatwhetherif(whether一般跟or not 搭配使用，if不能)That the earth is round is true Whether she comes or not makes no difference(2)從句成分缺人：whowhomwhosewhoeverwhomever(3)從句成分缺物：whatwhatererwhichwhichever Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.Whose watch was lost is unknown.What caused the accident remains unknown.Whatever you did is right.關系副詞：where:（什么地方），從句中缺地點狀語 when:(什么時候)，從句中缺時間狀語 why:(什么原因)，從句中缺原因狀語 how:(如何，怎樣)，從句中缺方式狀語

Where he is from is the question nobody can answer She don’t know how she can get to the hospital Why he is late is he was ill yesterday 3.主語從句的特殊形式:it做形式主語的主語從句結構(1)It is ＋名詞＋從句

It is a fact an honor that（2)it is ＋形容詞＋從句

It is natural obviouspossible that…(3)it is ＋不及物動詞＋從句

It seems happened that…(4)it ＋過去分詞＋從句

It is reported that… 據報道… It is said that…據說…

It has been proved that… 已證實…

4.主語從句不可位于句首的五種情況

(1)if 引導的主語從句不可居于復合句句首。

(2)It is said ,(reported)…結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week.(right)That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong)(3)It happens…, It occurs… 結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(right)That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(wrong)

(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …結構中的主語從句不可提前。例如：

It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(right)Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(wrong)

(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。例如：

Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?(right)Is that will rain in the evening likely?(wrong)5.注意：

（1）主語從句的時態：不受主句的時態影響和限制。

Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.（2）主語從句中的引導詞放在句首不能省略

（二）．賓語從句

1.從句在主句中充當賓語的句子是賓語從句 2.引導詞

3.賓語從句的幾種形式（1）做及物動詞的賓語 I heard that he joined the army.I wonder whether you can change this note for me.She told me that she would accept my invitation.(2)作介詞的賓語

Our success depends upon how hard we work(3).作形容詞的賓語

I am afraid(that)I’ve made a mistake.I am glad that you have made such progress(4)動詞+it+that結構

It做形式賓語，代替that引導的賓語從句

He has made it clear that he won’t give up the opportunity We consider it necessary that we should open out(5)賓語從句否定的轉移

若主句謂語動詞為think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, guess, imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：

I don’t think this dress fits you well.4.注意：（1）賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序

（2）如果主句謂語是現在時或將來時，賓語從句的謂語時態不受限制，如果主句時態是過去時，賓語從句一般要隨著改為相應的過去時（即一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等）。He thought he was working for the people．

I heard she had been to the Great W all．

John hoped that he would find a job soon．

但賓語從句如果表示定理法則、永恒真理等，則不變化：

The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun

（三）表語從句

從句在主句中充當表語成分的句子是表語從句。一般結構是“主語＋連系動詞＋表語從句” The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.This is why we can’t get the support of the people

But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.（四）同位語從句

1.同位語從句是修飾前面名詞的從句。

The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general 2.同位語在句子中的位置

同位語從句有時可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。例如：

He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.3.同位語從句與定語從句的區別

(1)定語從句中的that既代替先行詞，同時以在從句中作某個成分（主語或賓語），而同位語從句中的that是連詞，只起連接主句與從句的作用，不充當句中任何成分。

(2)定語從句是形容詞性的，其功能是修飾先行詞，對先行詞加以限定，描述定的性質或特征；同位語從句是名詞性的，其功能是對名詞進行補充說明。例如：

The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告訴我的消息是湯姆明年將出國。）（第一個that引導的從句是定語從句，that在從句中作賓語）

The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（湯姆將出國的消息是他講的。）（同位語從句，that在句中不作任何成分）

三．形容性從句（定語從句）

（一）含義：從句充當定語成分的句子叫做定語從句。定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句。先行詞：被定語從句修飾的成份。先行詞可以為一個詞，短語，或整個主句。引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞，分為關系代詞和關系副詞。

（二）限制性定語從句

1.限制性定語是指定語從句緊跟它所修飾的中心名詞或代詞之后，沒有逗號分開。2.引導詞：分為關系代詞和關系副詞。（1）關系代詞引導的定語從句：

that:指代人、事物，作主語、賓語，做賓語時可以省略 who:指代人，做主語

whom:指代人，做賓語，可以省略。它在口語和非正式用語中常用who代替，可以省略 The man whowhom you met just now is my brother.which:指代事物，做主語、賓語。做賓語可以省略 whose:指代人、物，做定語，其后直接加名詞 He has a friend whose father is a doctor.The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.指物時常用以下結構代替：

The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.——The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired（2）關系副詞引導的定語從句：

where：指地點，在定語從句中做地點狀語 Shai hai is the city where I was born

The house where I live ten years ago has been pulled down when: 指時間，在定語從句中做時間狀語

I still remember the day when I first came to the school why: 指原因，在定語從句中做原因狀語

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane 注意: 關系副詞引導的定語從句都可以用“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句來代替 Shai hai is the city wherein which I was born I still remember the day whenon which I first came to the school Please tell me the reason why for which you missed the plane 練習：

A letter------is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主語)Do you know the gentleman-----spoke just now? You can take anything----you like.（賓語）What is the question-----they are talking about? Here is the man-----you want to see.3.注意

(1)限制性定語從句中只能用that的幾種情況：

A 當先行詞是anything, everything, nothing(something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代詞時，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代詞修飾時，要用that Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said? There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.All that can be done has been done.B 當先行詞是序數詞或被序數詞修飾,如：firstlastnext等

The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.C 當先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾時

This is the best film that I have seen.D 當形容詞被the very, the only 修飾時

This is the very dictionary that I want to buy，After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.當先行詞指人時，偶爾也可以用who

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ E 當先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時

Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? F 當先行詞既有人，也有動物或者物體時

Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? G 如有兩個從句，其中一個關系代詞已用which，另一個關系代詞宜用that。He built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.（2）限制性定語從句中只能用who的情況：

A 當定語從句對指人的先行詞進行隔位修飾時，只能用who(whom)。如：

Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認識黑板前面正在給學生們講話的那位女孩子嗎？

B 當先行詞為people和those時，只能用who(whom)。如：

Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那兒的人請來這邊。

C 當先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人)時，只能用who(whom)。如： Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反對我們的人就是我們的敵人。D 在there be句型中名詞的定語從句多用who(whom)。如：

There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我們班有些學生你見過。

E 當句子中有兩個指人的現行詞分別帶有兩個定語從句時，若一個定語從句的引導詞為that, 那么，另一個定語從句的引導詞必定為who。如：

The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.剛才你會到的那個男孩是李明的剛從大學畢業的弟弟。

(3)以the way為先行詞的定語從句通常由in which, that引導，而且通常可以省略。

The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising

（三）．非限制性定語從句

1.含義：先行詞和從句用逗號隔開，對所修飾你名詞或代詞等起補充說明的作用。如果去掉從句，并不影響它所修飾的先行詞的意義。

2.引導詞（1）關系代詞：

指人：who :做主語，不可省略 ；whom:做賓語，不可省略 指物：which:做主語或賓語，不可省略（2）關系副詞：

when where why as等

Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it

B.that

C.which

D.he 答案C.此為非限定性從句，不能用 that修飾，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成為句子，兩個獨立的句子不能單以逗號連接。況且選he句意不通。

The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定語從句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定語從句，it不為連詞，使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。

3.as和which 引導的非限制性定語從句

（1）as和which都可在句子中做主語或賓語，它們指代的是整個句子 He married her,aswhich is natural He is honest,aswhich we can see(2)as引導的定語從句可以放在主句之前，也可放在主句之尾，還可分割整個主句，which引導的定語從句只能放在主句之后;as有“正如，正想”之意 As is known to us，china is a developing country He is from south,which we can see from his accent

John ,as you know,is famous writer(3)作主語時，which既可以作系動詞be的主語，也可以作實義動詞的主語；而這時as 只可以做系動詞be的主語。例如：

A)He married her, which was natural.（可用as代替which）他和她結婚，這是很自然的事。

B)He won a/the Nobel Prize in chemistry, which made him illustrious.(不可用as 代替which)他獲得了諾貝爾化學獎，這使他名揚天下。

It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it(4).在which引導的定語從句中，謂語動詞若是am, is, are則這些系動詞不能省略；而as后面若是這種情況，則可以省略。例如：

A)He is a teacher, as(is)clear from his manner.(is可以省略)B)He said he had never seen her before, which was not true.(was不可省略)(5)當先行詞有such,the same修飾時，常用as I have never heard such a story as he tells This is the same book as I lost last week 注意：當先行次由the same修飾時，偶爾也用that引導定語從句，但是和由as所引導的定語從句意思不同

She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.她穿著她在MARY婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。

She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。

（四）引導詞+介詞引導的定語從句

關系代詞在從句中做介詞的賓語時，從句常用介詞+關系代詞引: The school whichthat he once studied is vert famous ——the school in which he once studied is very famous Tomorrow I will bring a book whichthat you ask for Tomorrow I will bring a book for which you ask 注意：

A:含有介詞的動詞短語一般不拆開使用。如：look at, look for, look after, take care of等 This is watch whichthat I looking for B:當介詞放在關系代詞之前時，關系代詞指人是只能用whom,，關系代詞指代物時，只能用which，關系代詞是所有格時，用whose The man with whom you talked is my friend C:介詞+定語從句，前面可有some any both each none neither 等代詞或數詞修飾 He love his parents deeply，both of whom are very kind to him There are forty students in our class,，most of whom are from cities 四．狀語從句

一：時間狀語從句

（一）when, while和as。

1.when引導從句的動作可以與主句的動作同時發生，也可以先于主句的動作。引導的從句的謂語動詞可以是延續性的動詞（一段時間），又可以是瞬時動詞（一點時間）。when還含有“at that moment”的意思，引起的句子不能放在句首

When he heard the news，they were much surprised(從句的動作先于主句的動作)When she came in, I stopped eating.她進來時，我在吃飯。(瞬時動詞)

When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.當的住在農村時，我常常為他擔水。（延續性的動詞）

We were watching TV when suddenly the lights went out.我們正在看電視，這時燈突然滅了。They had just arrived home when it began to rain.他們剛到家，這時天就開始下雨了。

2.while 從句的動作和主句同時發生，從句的謂語動作必須是延續性的。并且while有時還可以表示對比 While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV I like playing football while you like playing basketball 3.as 從句的動作和主句同時發生。從句的謂語動詞可是瞬時性的，也可是延續性的。從句和主句要表示一個人的兩個動作交替進行或同時完成時，則多用as，可譯為“一邊......，一邊......” She came up as I was cooking.(延續性)The runners started as the gun went off.(瞬時性)He looked behind from to time as he went.他一邊走，一邊不時地往后看。

As time goes on, it’s getting warmer and warmer..隨著時間的推移，天氣變得越來越暖了。練習：

1.He was about halfway through his meal ____ a familiar voice came to his ears.(2006遼寧)

A.why B.where C.when D.while 2.— I’m going to the post office.— ____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?(1999)

A.As B.While C.Because D.If 3.____ the days went on, the weather got worse.(1990)

A.With B.Since C.While D.As 4.Tom ____ into the house when no one ____.(1992)

A.slipped;was looking B.had slipped;looked

C.slipped;had looked D.was slipping;looked 如果主句的動作發生于表示“當……時”的時間狀語從句中的動作的進行過程中，從句常用進行時。如： The landlady suspected that someone must have broken into the house when/while/as she was watching TV show.女房東懷疑在她看電視時曾有人闖入屋

5.I ____ along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____.(2006安徽)

A.went;was occurring B.went;occurred C.was going;occurred D.was going;had occurred 6.It was some time ____ we realized the truth.(2005山東)

A.when B.until C.since D.before 7.— Why didn’t you tell him about the meeting?

— He rushed out of the room ____ I could say a word.(2006四川)

A.before B.until C.when D.after

（二）before 和after

before引導時間狀語從句時表示從句的動作發生在主句動作之后，如主句是將來時，從句中現在時,從句是過去時,主句用過去完成時。after引導時間狀語從句時表示從句的動作發生在主句動作之前。

It will be some time before we know the results After we had finished dinner,we went home.重點：before 的用法

1.用于It + be + 時間段 + before...句型中，意思是“在……之后才……”，如果主句中用否定式，則表示“不多久……就”。

It will be five years before I come back.我五年后才能回來。

It was not long before the enemy was driven out of their country.不久之后，敵人就被趕走了。

It won’t be long before they understand each other.他們不久就會互相了解的。

2.還有“趁……（還沒有）”之意。例如：

They are thinking of buying the house before the prices go up.他們正在考慮趁房價未漲時把房子買下來。

Do it before you forget it.趁早動手，以免忘了 3.短語before long與long before的區別

before long是“很快，不久”的意思, 可以用于各種時態。如：

Before long, he went to America.不久，他就去了美國。

I hope to see you before long.我希望不久后再見到你。

而 long before是“很久以前”的意思，一般用在過去時或過去完成時的句子里。如： She said she had read the novel long before.她說她很久以前就讀過這部小說。

（三）till和until

①until和till都可表示“直到．．．為止”，與主句中持續性動詞的肯定式連用。He waited until / till we finished our meal.他一直等到我們吃完飯。

②當until和till表示“直到．．．才．．．．”時，通常與主句中短暫動詞的否定式連用，這時，until和till也可用before代替。

I didn’t leave until / till / before she came back.直到她回來，我才離開的。③be動詞的肯定式和否定式都可以和until或till連用。

④until引導的從句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，但till從句一般不放在句首。Until he told me, I knew nothing about it.他告訴我了我才知道。當not until位于句首時，主句中的主語、謂語要使用倒裝語序： Not until she came back did I leave.= I didn’t leave until she came back.在強調句型中一般用until，不用till。如：

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a

1.It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life ____ we’ve actually had that lesson.(2007天津)A.until B.after C.since D.when 2.They ____ the train until it disappeared in the distance.(1998)A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.observed 題干中的主句為肯定句，until需要跟主句里肯定形式的表延續性動作的謂語動詞連用，因此本題應選表示延續性動作的watched(其他選項中的saw，noticed，observed所表示的動作都不能延續，意味著結果)。3.“You can’t have this football back ____ you promise not to kick it at my cat again,” the old man said firmly.(2006 A because B.since C.when D.until

（四）since的用法 1.連詞

（1）表示“自從……以來”：

A:主句+since+非延續性動詞

一般主句用現在完成時，從句用過去時,翻譯：“某某自從…以來已經…了 He has studied very hard since he came to our school Since he graduated from the college, he has worked in this city B:主句+since+延續性動詞或表示狀態的動詞

主句用現在完成時，從句用過去時，翻譯：“某某自從沒有…以來已經…了”

He has had several jobs since he was a student at Yale.他自從從耶魯大學畢業以來已經做了好幾份工作。We all have been missing her since she lived here 自從她從這里搬走，我們就再也沒見過她 He has written to me frequently since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他屢次給我寫信。He has written to me frequently since I fell ill.自從我生病以來，他就屢次給我寫信。C:主句+since +延續性動詞

主句是現在完成時，從句是現在完成時，翻譯：“某某自從…以來…了’

Since we have owned a car, we have gone camping every year。自從我們自己有了汽車，我們每年都去野營。

He has never been to see me since I have been ill.自從我生病以來，他從未來看過我。

He has never been to see me since I was ill.自從我病愈以來，他從未來看過我。

D：It be(一般式或完成式)＋表示一段時間的詞匯＋since引導的時間狀語從句。It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.我成為研究生已經有2年了。It was three years since we had been there.我們在那兒已呆了三年。

應注意的是，在這種結構中，since引導的從句絕對不能用否定式的謂語動詞來表示否定意義，下面兩句都錯了：

It is a long time since he didn’t study English.It’s two months since you didn’t come to see me.正確的說法為：

It’s a long time since he studied English 他好久沒學英語了。

You haven’t come to see me for two months.你有兩個月沒來看我了。（2）既然；因為

He must have taken the book since it isn't here.他一定是把書拿走了,因為書已不在這里了。

Since it is so hot, let's go swimming.既然天氣這么熱,我們去游泳吧。

2.介詞：表示“自從……以來”，其具體用法有兩種情況：

(1)since＋表示過去某個時間點的詞匯(如具體的年、月、日期、鐘點)。

They have been friends since childhood.他們從幼時起一直是好朋友。I have been there many times since the war.自那次戰爭以來，我曾去該地多次。(2)since＋表示一段時間的詞匯＋ago。

I have been here since five months ago.五個月以來我一直在這里。

They ____ friends since they met in Shanghai.(1989)A.have made B.have become C.have been D.have turned

（五）表示“一…就…”：as soon as, immediately, instantly, directly, hardly /scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…；表示“當…時候”： the time, the moment；by the time（到…時候為止）, next time(下次), the first time(第一次…的時候), the last time(上次…的時候)，once（一旦…）

She rushed into the room immediately / the moment she heard the noise.她一聽到聲音就沖進房間 He had no sooner arrived there than he fell ill.他剛到達那里就生起病來。

He had hardly finished when someone rose to refute his points.他還沒說完就有人起來反駁他的論點 He left me a good impression the first time I met him.我第一次見他時，他給我留下了好印象。注意：hardly /scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…

前面常用過去完成時，后面用一般過去時。同時它們還可以倒裝: No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill.他剛到達那里就生起病來。Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his points.（六）表示習慣性、經常性：every time（每次）, each time（每次）, whenever（每當）等。Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每當我們遇上困難的時候他們就來幫我們 Each time he came to town he would visit our school.他每次進城，總要來看看我們的學校。Every time I went to his house, he was out.我每次去他家，他都出去了。

二．地點狀語從句

地點狀語從句一般由由where（在……的地方）, wherever（無論哪里），everywhere（每一個地方）引導的 He is ready to help wherever he is Put you son where you can see him Everywhere they want, they were warmly received 三．原因狀語從句

（一）because since as for 1.because 表示的原因語氣最強；通常放在主句之后，有時也放在主句之前；直接回答why 提出的問題；在強調句中只能用because；被not所否定時只能用because It because he was too careless that he failed 2.since和as表示的原因是人們事先已經知道的，是對已知事實提供理由，而不表示直接原因；since比as語氣稍強，且比as略為正式，兩者通常都放在主句之前 3.for是并列連詞(其作三者為從屬連詞)，它有時可表示因果關系(只能放在主句之后，且可與because換用)，有時不表示因果關系，而是對前面分句的內容加以解釋或推斷(也只能放在主句之后，但不能與because換用)。

The ground is wet, for(或because)it rained last night.地面是濕的，因為昨晚下過雨。

It rained last night, for(不能用because)the ground is wet this morning.昨晚下過雨，今天早上地面都是濕的(二)由now that，seeing that，considering that（由于…，既然…）

Seeing that it’s raining，we’d better stay indoors.既然外邊在下雨，我們最好待在室內。Now that you are here, you’d better stay.你既然來了，最好還是留下吧

Considering that she has no experience, she has done well enough.考慮到她沒有經驗，她已經做得不錯了

四．條件狀語從句

（一）if，unless

1.if引導的條件狀語從句時，主句是將來時的時候,從句要用一般現在時；if引導條件狀語從句的虛擬；if引導條件狀語從句的省略

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.2.unless = if……not

You will never make rapid progress if you don’t work hard

You will never make rapid progress unless you work hard

（二）1.as（so）long as “只要……”As [So] long as you need me, I’ll stay 只要你需要我，我就留下。as（so）long as 還可表示一段時間

Stay as long as you like。你愿留多久都可以。

So long as he lived, I didn’t feel that I have the right to see you between you.在他死之前，我覺得我沒有權利介入你們之間

2.only if 與 if only。only if 意為“只要”，只用于真實條件句中，是if 的強調式；if only 有兩個意思，一是表示“只要”，此時通常與陳述語氣連用，與 only if 用法相似；二是表示“但愿”“要是……就好了”，此時多用于虛擬語氣和感嘆句中。

I will come only if you don’t promise to invite Mary.只要你答應不請瑪麗，我就來。

If only it clears up, we’ll go.只要天晴，我們就去。

If only I hadn’t told him about it.要是我沒有告訴他這事就好了 If only he will listen to you！他要是聽你的話多好！3.as long as 與 only if 的區別

（1）從語氣上看，only if 的語氣要比as long as 強

（2）當主句和從句的謂語動詞均為短暫性動詞時，通常只用 only if，而不用 as long as。如：He will come only if you ask him.（3）兩者均可引導從句置于主句之后，也可置于主句之前。但是，當only if 引導的狀語從句置于主句之前時，其后的主句要用倒裝語序，而且 as long as 引導的從句置于主句之前不用倒裝。如：

As long as it doesn’t rain we can play.只要不下雨，我們就能玩。

Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room.只有得到教師的允許，學生才可以進這間屋。

（三）provided（providing）(that)，on condition that，given that，in case，suppose(supposing)等都有“如果”“假如”之意。

He will do the work providing you pay him 如果你給他錢，他就干活

I send you this book on condition that you pay in cash 假如你付現金，這架相機就賣給你

Given that he wins the support of the people, he will win the election.如果贏得人民的支持，他將取得競選的勝利

Suppose you fail a second time, do not get disappointed, but try again 假如第二次失敗，別灰心，再試試。

五． 讓步狀語從句

（一）although, though“雖然，盡管” 引導讓步狀語從句時，句中不能用but表示轉折語氣，但可跟yet，still表示轉折

Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.雖然在下雨，但他們仍在地里干活。

（二）ever if, even though.“雖然，盡管，即使”We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad.（三）“no matter +疑問詞” 或“疑問詞+后綴ever” ：意為“無論…”。No matter what happened, he would not mind.（1）“no matter +疑問詞”不能引導名詞性從句 Whatever you say is of no use now.Prisoners have to eat whatever they're given.囚犯們只能給什么吃什么（2）注意however以下兩類句型結構 ① however+主語+謂語：

However you travel, it’ll take you at least three days.不管你怎么走，至少要三天。② however+形容詞或副詞+主語+謂語：

However much he eats, he never gets fat.無論他吃多少, 他都不發胖。③ 有時該結構中的主語和謂語可以有所省略：

He was of some help, however small.他總能幫些忙，不管多小的忙。I refuse, however favorable the condition.不管條件多好，我都不接受。

（四）讓步狀語從句與倒裝

引導倒裝的讓步狀語從句通常用as和though，但不是能用although；as 可以在以上這樣的倒裝結構中引出讓步狀語，但若不倒裝，則不能用as，而與之相反，although在不倒裝的結構中可引導讓步狀語，但在倒裝的結構中卻不可以用。

（五）讓步狀語從句的虛擬語氣

六．目的狀語從句

（一）so that，in order that, so, that表示“以便；為了”，so that：如果主句是一般現在時，從句常與may，can，will連用；如果主句是一般過去時，從句常與could，should，would，might連用。

We learn English so that we can read English newspapers She came in quietly in order that she couldn’t wake up the baby

（二）least，in case，for fear that 表示“以防，以免”，從句的謂語動詞常用虛擬語氣

七．結果狀語從句

（一）so that，so...that，such...that 1.so…that與such…that的區別在于：

（1）A such＋a(an)＋adj.＋單數可數名詞＋that…

He is such a clever boy that everybody likes him.他非常聰明，大家都非常喜歡他。

B such＋adj.＋復數可數名詞＋that…

They are such interesting novels that I want to read them once again.這些小說非常有趣，我想再讀一遍。

C such＋adj.＋不可數名詞＋that…

He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.注意：如果such后邊的名詞前由many、much、few、little等詞所修飾的話，則不用such而用so。如：

He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他所受教育很少，不適合做這個工作。（2）so…that也作“如此…以致”

so＋adj.／adv.＋that…clause（so的后面跟形容詞或副詞）

He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，沒人能追上他。

2.so that引導結果狀語從句時，意思是“因此;所以”；在從句前常有逗號與主句分開；結果狀語從句中沒有情態動詞；目的狀語從句可移到句首，而結果狀語從句不能。

Iohn went early, so that he got a good seat.約翰去的很早，得到了一個好位置。

Iohn went early so that he could get a good seat.約翰去的很早，為的是得到一個好位置。

The little boy saved every coin_________ __________he could buy his mother a present on Mother's day 八．方式狀語從句

方式狀態語從句常由as, as if/as though等。例如：

She acted as if/though nothing had happened.It looks as if it'll rain.as if/as though引導方式狀語從句要用虛擬語氣

第五篇：2018高考英語一輪復習構想Unit2Cloning課時作業

Unit 2 Cloning Ⅰ.閱讀理解

A(2017·濰坊4月模擬)Every evening Sylvie left her grandmother's house at 530 to bring their cow home.The old animal spent her days out in the open country eating sweet grass.When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.This evening it had taken Sylvie longer than usual to find her cow.The child hurried the cow through the dark forest, following a narrow path that led to her grandmother's home.“Hello, little girl，” a young man called out cheerfully.“I've been hunting for birds, but I've lost my way.” The young man explained he was a scientist, who searched for birds.“Do you put them in a cage？” Sylvie asked.“No，” he answered, “I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.”

“I saw a white heron(蒼鷺)not far from here two days ago.It's a very rare bird.Have you seen it, too？” he asked Sylvie.Sylvie's heart began to beat fast.She knew that strange white bird!The young man was staring at Sylvie.“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”

Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $ 10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.Her plan was to climb to the top of a tall pine tree to see where the white heron had hidden its nest.The pine tree seemed to grow taller, the higher that Sylvie climbed.Suddenly a bird with broad white wings flew past Sylvie and landed on a pine branch below her.The white heron sat on its nest in a nearby tree.Sylvie gave a long sigh.She knew the wild bird's secret now.Slowly she began her dangerous trip down the ancient pine tree.About an hour later Sylvie returned.Both her grandmother and the young man stood up as she came into the kitchen.The splendid moment to speak about her secret had come.But Sylvie was silent.She could not tell the heron's secret and give its life away.【解題導語】 本文是一篇記敘文，講述了小女孩Sylvie最終因為她的善良而沒有把白蒼鷺的棲息地告訴年輕的科學家的故事。

1．Where would Sylvie usually meet the cow every evening? A.In the open country.B.Among the forest.C.On a narrow path.D.In the bushes.答案與解析：D 細節理解題。根據關鍵句可知，Sylvie是在灌木叢中遇到這頭奶牛。故D項符合題意。

【關鍵句】When the cow heard Sylvie's voice calling her, she would hide among the bushes, unwilling to go home.(第一段最后一句)譯文：當這頭奶牛聽見Sylvie叫她的聲音時，她就會藏在灌木叢中，不愿意回家。2．What was the young scientist's job according to his introduction? A.Collecting birds.B.Raising birds.C.Observing birds.D.Protecting birds.答案與解析：A 推理判斷題。根據關鍵句可推知，這個年輕的科學家的工作可能是收集各種鳥類標本。故A項符合題意。

【關鍵句】．..I shoot them and deal with them with special chemicals to preserve them.(第三段最后一句)譯文：??我射殺它們，并用特殊的化學藥劑來處理它們，目的是保存它們。3．What had Sylvie planned to do about the white bird? A.Make good friends with it.B.Prevent it from being caught.C.Find its nest but keep it secret.D.Find it for money and the man.答案與解析：D 細節理解題。根據關鍵句可知，因為錢和這個年輕人，Sylvie想找到白蒼鷺。故D項符合題意。

【關鍵句】Sylvie had a plan that she would get the $10 for her grandmother and make the young man happy.(第五段第一句)譯文：Sylvie有了一個計劃，她可以為她的祖母掙10美元并且還能使這個年輕人高興。4．What saved the white bird's life at last? A.Grandmother's sympathy.B.The white bird's beauty.C.Sylvie's kindness.D.The young man's generosity.答案與解析：C 推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段的內容可知，當Sylvie找到白蒼鷺的巢的位置，回到家之后，她決定不把這個秘密告訴這個年輕人，因為她不想白蒼鷺丟掉性命。由此可推知，Sylvie是一個善良的小女孩。故C項符合題意。

【長難句分析】“I would give $10 to the person who showed me where the white heron is.”(第四段最后一句)分析：本句是一個復合句。who引導定語從句，修飾先行詞the person，在從句中作主語；where引導賓語從句，作動詞showed的賓語。

譯文：“誰帶我去找白蒼鷺，我就給誰10美元。”

B(2017·福建省質量檢查)When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked.Scientists present the methods that got the best result.They often show only the results that are significant and important.What they won't show are the mistakes or failures that came first.Yet sometimes those mistakes pointed the way to success.It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success.Robbin, 16, and Annabelle, 15, learned that while working this summer in a biochemistry lab at Stony Brook University in New York.What's more, they learned that failure is not necessarily something to fear.“I like the idea of scientific research，” says Robbin.It's the basis for “every lesson you learn in school and understanding everything you see in life”.This summer, Robbin has been working with Lauren, a chemistry student, who is making new drugs to fight harmful bacteria.At first, the tests made Robbin anxious.She worried that she might be making costly mistakes.But Lauren reassured her that finding out what doesn't work is“just part of the learning process”.With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed.Annabelle also learned a lot about failure and success.She worked with graduate student Agnieszka Gil.“Sometimes I try something and it takes a while for the experiment to run.” This means that finding out whether Annabelle did something wrong can be a stressful waiting game, because “if you did something wrong you need to do it again”.But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success.In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success.【解題導語】 在閱讀科學發現的文章時，人們往往對科學成就過度關心，其實科學成就往往是建立在無數次失敗的基礎之上的。Robbin和Annabelle在實驗室里體會到了坦然接受實驗失敗的價值。

5．What impresses students most in articles about scientific discovery? A.Scientists' achievements.B.The reasons for success.C.The cause of mistakes.D.Stressful process of research.答案與解析：A 考查細節理解。根據第一段的第一句“When students read articles about scientific discovery, they learn what worked”以及第二段的第一句“It can take a long time and many experiments to achieve scientific success”可知，學生在閱讀科學發現的文章時，對科學成就的印象最為深刻，故A項正確。

6．What can we learn from the passage? A.Robbin is a graduate student.B.Lauren managed to make new drugs.C.Annabelle learns the value of patience.D.Agnieszka expected instant success.答案與解析：C 考查推理判斷。根據倒數第二段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學會了耐心，不期望立即成功；據此可以判斷，Annabelle知道了耐心的價值，故C項正確。

7．What did Robbin and Annabelle have in common in their experiments? A．They did their experiments independently.B．They realized not all experiments would succeed.C．They assisted graduate students to make new drugs.D．They made severe mistakes in the experiments.答案與解析：B 考查細節理解。根據第三段的最后一句“With time, the teen got comfortable with the idea that every experiment wouldn't succeed”可知，Robbin坦然接受了并不是每次實驗都會成功的事實；根據第四段的最后一句“But she's now learning to be patient and not to expect instant success”可知，Annabelle學會了耐心，不期望立即成功；據此可知，Robbin和Annabelle的共同點是她們都意識到了不是每次實驗都會成功，故B項正確。

8．What does the writer intend to tell us? A.The cause of making errors in science.B.The significance of scientific discovery.C.The importance of doing experiments.D.The correct attitudes towards failures.答案與解析：D 考查目的意圖。通讀全文可知，本文的主題句是文章最后一句“In science, figuring out why something failed is what may just put them on the road to success”；由此可知，探索科學世界，失敗是成功之母；據此可以判斷，本文旨在告訴人們對待失敗的正確態度，故D項正確。

Ⅱ.七選五

(2017·河北石家莊考試)

How to Avoid an Internet Addiction

While it may seem like everyone surfs the web these days, there is a fine line between casually checking your social media pages and having a full-blown Internet addiction.If you fear that you may lose interest in other aspects of your life because you prefer to be on the Internet, you may be on your way to an Internet addiction.__1__ Admit you are at risk of an addiction.More and more people in the world are becoming addicted to the Internet.You are not the only one with this problem, and it is becoming more and more common and more and more well-known.__2__ Set aside limited time for computer use.Make sure not to turn it on too many times a week.If you have a laptop, make sure to put it somewhere that you can remember but not somewhere that you see every day.Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it.__3__ If you have a desktop PC, try not to go near it or put something over it like a sheet.Call people instead of sending instant messages or texts.If you are free on weekends, call friends and ask them to go outside.This will distract you from the computer.__4__ Use an alarm clock or timer.Before using your computer, decide on a time limit such as 30 minutes.Set the clock or timer and make sure that you get off the computer when the time is up.Alternatively create a shutdown timer on your desktop.__5__ A.Make a small list of what you want to do within that time.B.When the computer is not looking at you, you are less likely to use it.C.This can be programmed to shut down your computer after the set time.D.Luckily, there are ways to avoid living your life in front of the computer.E.This will stop you from using the Internet so often or going on to another page.F.If you have a problem on weekdays, phone your friends or ask for help in person.G.Do not be embarrassed;find others with the same problem and help each other beat it.答案與解析 【文章大意】 網癮會給人們的生活帶來很大的影響，本文就如何避免網癮提出了建議。1．D 上文談到網癮會導致你對生活的其他方面失去興趣，下文的幾條建議則是有關如何避免網癮的，D項對全文起著承上啟下的作用。

2．G 本段的主旨是“Admit you are at risk of an addiction”，再結合本段講述的“越來越多的人有網癮，這是一個普遍現象”可知，選G項“不要覺得不好意思，找到和你一樣有網癮的人，互相幫助去戰勝網癮”。

3．B 根據空前的“Try keeping the lid closed when you are not using it”可知，作者建議你不用電腦時，把它合上，故選B項“看不到電腦時，你用它的可能性就小”。

4．F 本段的主題是“給朋友打電話而不是在網上發信息”，上文的“call friends and ask them to go outside”與F項中的“phone your friends or ask for help in person”，還有上文的“on weekends”與F項中的“on weekdays”前后呼應。

5．C 本段的主題是“Use an alarm clock or timer”，作者建議使用鬧鐘或定時器來限制上網的時間，空前的“shutdown timer”與C項中的“shut down your computer after the set time”相對應。

Ⅲ.語法填空

(2017·石家莊模擬考試)Dogs are __1__ very popular pet.Most of them just live with their families.But some dogs have very special jobs __2__(do).A group of dogs __3__(know)as “Therapy Dogs”.These dogs are family pets with special training, __4__ allows them to go into public buildings and comfort people __5__ need.The dogs are trained to be calm and quiet.Loud noises and unfamiliar places don't frighten them.They enjoy spending time with people.Some therapy dogs go into places, such as hospitals and nursing homes.When the dogs visit the patients, the patients are cheered up.They have fun __6__(pet)the dogs and look forward to their visits.The dogs help to brighten their day.Therapy dogs can improve people's health as well.Studies show that when people pet animals, their blood __7__(press)and heart rates go down.They are calmer and __8__(they)mood improves.Other therapy dogs work in schools and libraries.They serve as warm and caring __9__(friend)to children, but they also do __10__(much).In one town in California, therapy dogs have become children's reading buddies.The dogs make a great audience.The children look forward to reading to the dogs, and the dogs love the attention.答案與解析

【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了有著特殊用途的狗——治療犬。它們能給病人帶來心理上的安慰，能成為孩子的朋友。

1．a 考查冠詞。依據本句中的“very popular pet”可知，此處應用不定冠詞，表示泛指。

2．to do 考查固定用法。本句中應用不定式作后置定語，have sth.to do表示“要做某事”。

3．are known 考查時態、語態和主謂一致。分析句子結構可知，本句話缺少謂語動詞，“a group of＋名詞復數”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數，dogs與know是動賓關系，此處描述的是一般情況，因此用一般現在時的被動語態。

4．which 考查定語從句。這是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞為“special training”。

5．in 考查介詞。由句意可知，這些治療犬可以到公共場所安撫那些需要幫助的人。in need表示“在困難時，在危難之中”，為固定搭配。

6．petting 考查非謂語動詞。have fun(in)doing sth.表示“做某事有樂趣”。7．pressure 考查名詞。分析句子結構可知，此處應用名詞，blood pressure表示“血壓”。

8．their 考查代詞。修飾名詞mood要用形容詞性物主代詞，故用their。9．friends 考查名詞的數。根據句子的主語They可知，此處用名詞復數。

10．more 考查比較級。句中的but暗示這些狗對孩子來講不僅僅是朋友，它們會做得更多。