第一篇：IT用法小結

It用法小結

王婷婷

It的用法復雜多變，現對it的用法小結一下。

1.It 用作人稱代詞：It可用代詞，作人稱代詞，指前面已經提到過的事物，動物或人，在句中作主語或賓語．

例如：1）.He bought a dictionary and gave it to me.(指代物品the dictionary)2）.Don’t think any more about it.(指代事件）3）.---Who is that ?---It’s me.Open the door, please.(指代人）

2.It 用作非人稱代詞：It 也用作非人稱代詞，常常用作句子主語，表示天氣，日期，時間，溫度，距離等．

1）.It was raining when I left the office.(表示天氣)2）.It is February 14th today.(表示日期)3）.It is an hour’s walk from my home to the school.(表示距離)IT在表示時間時要注意以下的一些句式：

① It be … since...該句型主句中的 it 指時間,主句中是時間作表語，其時態是現在時或完成時，since 引導的從句通常是一般過去時態。如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時。

It is(has been)5 years since his father died.It was 5 years since I had enjoyed myself so much.It is(has been)5 years since I smoked.②It be...when...該句型中的 when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句，主句中的 it 指時間，表語由具體的時間充當。常譯為“當……的時候，是……”。

It was 5 o'clock when he came here.③It be...before...該句型主句中的 it 指時間, 主句中的時態常是將來一般時或過去時兩種時態．主句中的表語多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時間段的詞或短語。常譯為“……之后……”“過多久....才...”。

It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.④It is time(about time , high time)that...該句型中that 后的從句應該用虛擬語氣，① 常用過去時態表示虛擬．② 有時也用should + 動詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為“是（正是）……的時侯……”。

It is time that children should go to bed.= It is time that children went to bed.⑤It is the first(second …)time that …該句型要和上一個句型區別開來。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語氣，而用完成時態。至于用什么完成時態，由主句的謂語動詞的時態決定。如果是一般現在時，后面從句用現在完成時態；如果是一般過去時，后面從句則用過去完成時態。該結構中 that 可以省去；it 有時用 this 替換，常譯為“是第一

（二）……次……”。

It is the first time I have been here.= This is the first time I have been here.3.It作形式主語

替代作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞，為避免“頭重腳輕”，而把真正作主語的從句、動詞不定式、動名詞置于句尾。

It 作形式主語的常見句型：

1）.替代作主語的動詞不定式，其句型為

①

It be adj.(for∕of sb.)to do sth.常見的形容詞有：

important, necessary, natural ,easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, impossible, pleasant,foolish,clever,brave,kind,wise 等。

②

It takes sb.sometime to do sth.2）

替代作主語的動名詞的常見句型：

It’s no good/ no use / useless doing… 3).替代作主語的從句常見句型

①It is + noun(a pity, a shame, no wonder)+從句

②.It is adj.+clause ③It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do

(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know,suggest,demand,request,order等）如果為表示命令，建議，要求的詞，則從句要用虛擬語氣，及shoule+v.（should可省）

④It verb(to sb.)that…= sb/sth verb to do(verb = appear, seem, happen, occur, turn out 等)

⑤It verb sb.+ clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb.that…

4.It作形式賓語

當不定式、動名詞、that 從句作賓語，又有自己的賓語補語時，要用it 作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語后置。能夠用于形式賓語句型的動詞有think, make, find, consider, feel, take，suppose,keep等。如：

Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.The fisherman made it a rule that he never cast his net more than four times a day.We think it necessary reading aloud every morning to improve our English.以下的動詞在接賓語從句時需要先加it再接從句：hate,like,dislike,love,appreciate,enjoy,prefer等。

eg.I would appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.I like it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.5.It 用在強調句型中

①It is + 被強調部分 + that...該句型是強調句型。將被強調的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that 之后。被強調部分可以是主語，賓語，或狀語。強調的對象是人時,可用who, whom, that,其余情況一律用 that;當強調對象在從句中做主語時用who, that,當強調對象在從句中作賓語時用whom ,that如果把這種句型結構劃掉后，應該是一個完整無缺的句子。這也是判斷強調句型與其它從句的方法。

It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that(who)cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father.②.強調對象是疑問詞

Why is it that you want to leave so soon? ③.It is not until + 被強調部分 + that...該句型也是強調句型。主要用于強凋時間狀語，譯成漢語 “直到……才……”，可以說是 not...until...的強調形式。

It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didn't realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

第二篇：it用法小結

小結(2008-12-08 15:57:31)

標簽：教育

It用法小結

it在英語語法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不僅不簡單，而且很復雜。

一、用于指人以外的一切生物、無生命的東西和事情。

一般指說話者心目中已經了解或所指的生物、無生命的東西或事情、沒有性別的區分；可以是可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞，在句子中既可做主語，也可以作賓語。

1．指動物和植物。如：

—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。

—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只貓！

Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．

什么地方種植茶？中國東南部種植茶。

2．指代一些無生命的東西。如：

Is it your watch？這是你的手表嗎？

Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看這雨！雨很大，對嗎？

3．代替上文提到過的整個事情。如：

Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。這太危險了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘蘋果是艱苦活，可他們都樂意去干（它）。

二、用于指代人。

1．指代說話者心目中不太清楚的那個人，常在打電話或敲門時用。如：

—Who was it？是誰（打來的電話）？

—Was it Susan？（打電話的）是蘇珊嗎？

—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根據上下句，“it was”也可不譯出來。）

再如：—Who is knocking at the door？誰在敲門？

—It's me．是我。

2．指說話者心目中的那個人。如：

—Is it your sister，Kate？（那舊照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凱特吧？

—No！不是。

—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？

—No！不是。

—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。

3．指代性別不詳的嬰幼兒或在不計較性別時，也可用it來指人。如

The child smiled when it saw its mother．這小孩一見到母親就笑了。

I don't know who it is．我不知道他是誰。

注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽到這樣的話）時，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）

4．在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問句時，常用it指人。如：

—Who's that？那人是誰？

—Is it Kate？是凱特嗎？

—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你說對了，是凱特。

三、用于指時間、距離和自然現象等。

1．表示時間。如：

—What time is it？幾點鐘？

—It's ten．十點鐘。

It's summer in Australia now．現在澳大利亞是夏天。

特別注意it用于表示時間時還常見于以下兩個句型中：

（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．譯為“是（某人）該干??的時間了”、“到??的時候了”。如：

It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚飯的時候了。

I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想現在是我們開始上課的時候了。

（2）It is ／has been ＋時間段＋since ＋一般過去時。譯為“自從??以來已過了??（時間）”。此結構可以與另一種句型進行同義句轉換。如：

It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自從我們上次相遇以來，兩個星期過去了。

It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到這里已經三年了。

2．表示距離。如：

It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．從我家到學校步行得花半小時時間。—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，農場在哪里？遠嗎？

—No，it's quite near．不，（距）離這很近。

3．表示自然現象。如：

Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有時下雪，大地一片白。

It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下這兒很安靜。

四、用作形式主語。

英語中常常見到某個句子以it開頭，it與其后面的動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語、名詞性從句等相呼應，以表達一個完整的意義。這是一種習慣表達法，這樣的句式可避免句子顯得頭重腳輕。

1．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋（for／of sb．）＋動詞不定式短語。對于這個句型中究竟用 for還是用of，一般遵循這樣的規則：如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等則用of。如：

It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水質清潔對我們來說是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你這樣說真是太好了。

注意：這一句式中的形容詞位置也可換用名詞；連系動詞be也可換用其它連系動詞，如feel等。如：

It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好習慣。

It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飛船飛往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有個孿生姐妹感覺很奇怪。

2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容詞＋動名詞短語。如：

It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是沒好處的。

Is it any good trying again？再試一次有用嗎？

3．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋從句。如：

It is certain that he will come．他一定會來。

It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同學。

It is strange that he should say so．他居然這么說，真是奇怪。

4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意為“該輪到某人做某事（做某事是某人的責任、愉悅的事）”。如：

It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天輪到你值日了。

5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意為“（某人）花??時間做某事”。如

It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周時間看完這本書。

6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．譯為“某人花多少錢做某事”。如：It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我買這塊新手表花了260元。

7．It seems ／seemed ＋從句。譯為“看起來好像??”，此結構可以轉換成“seem ＋動詞不定式”形式。如：

It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起來他好像病了。

[原題再現]

①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it

答案: ① D ② D

五、用作形式賓語。

當句子的真正賓語是動詞不定式、動名詞或從句時，為避免句子頭重腳輕，須將其放在賓語補足語之后，改用先行詞it占據其原來的位置。it用作形式賓語的句型為：主語＋謂語＋it＋賓語補足語＋動詞不定式／動名詞／從句。該句型中賓語補足語可由形容詞、名詞等充當。如：

He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他發現學好一門外語是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我們認為躺在床上看書無益處。

I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我認為開這個會是必要的。

[原題再現]

Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as grantedB.take this for granted

C.take that for grantedD.take it for granted

答案: D

六.構成強調句。

如：

It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看見李明。

[原題再現]

________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when

答案: B

七.構成特殊句式。如：

It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【練習】

（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)

（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything?

A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)

(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?

A.now B.man C.that D.it

(4)I consider____ my duty to help you．

A.it B.this C.that D.its

(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as

答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B

(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國I）

A.this B.that C.it D.one

(7).-Do you like ___ here?

-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全國II）

A.this B.these C.that D.it

(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which

(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them

(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one

答案：C D B A A

八、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區別

it, one和that雖然都可以用來替代前面所提到的一個單數名詞,以避免重復,但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡述如下:

1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可數名詞也可以是不可數名詞。

[原題再現]

The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?

A.did theyB.didn't theyC.did itD.didn't it

答案: D

2.one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個。該事物只能是可數名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語。

[原題再現]

-Why don't we have a little break?

-Didn't we just have________?

A.it B.that C.one D.this

答案: C

3.that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個。該事物既可以是可數名詞也可以是不可數名

詞,要有后置定語,但不可以有前置修飾語。

[原題再現]

Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those

答案: C

高考“it”的用法英語題

歷屆高考英語單項選擇題精選

（一）“it”的用法

1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?

A.thatB.while

C.in whichD.then(88)

2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A.thisB.that

C.itD.he(89)

3.I don

t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.that

C.itsD.it(91)

4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A.thisB.that

C.heD.it(91)

5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , thatB.until , that

C.until , thatD.when , then(92)

6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.thatB.this

C.oneD.it(93)

7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.whileB.which

C.thatD.since(94)

8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.This

C.ThatD.It(95)

9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.that

C.thenD.so(97)

10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.that

C.theseD.them(98)

11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.that

C.whatD.it(2000)

KEYS:1-5 ACDDB6-10 DCDBA11 B ’

第三篇：with用法小結

with用法小結

一、with表擁有某物

Mary married a man with a lot of money.馬莉嫁給了一個有著很多錢的男人。

I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我經常夢想有一個帶花園的大房子。

二、with表用某種工具或手段

I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把鋒利的刀削平果。

Tom drew the picture with a pencil.湯母用鉛筆畫畫。

三、with表人與人之間的協同關系

make friends with sb

talk with sb

quarrel with sb與……吵架

fight with sb與……打架

play with sb

work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自從我們一起工作以來，我和湯姆已經是十年的朋友了，我們從沒有吵過架。

四、with 表原因或理由.這種語義的with多半與表示情緒的詞連用.John was in bed with high fever.約翰因發燒臥床。

He jumped up with joy.他因高興跳起來。

Father is often excited with wine.父親常因白酒變的興奮。

五、with 表“帶來”，或“帶有,具有”，”在…身上，在…身邊”之意（相當于having, carrying）

The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那個金頭發的女孩看起來漂亮。

The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那個有名的導演將帶著男女主角來到會場。

Do you have money with you.身上帶著錢嗎？

Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.隨身帶傘，以防下雨。

注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和屬性.With表示屬于人和物的顯著特點;about表示附屬于人或物不可捉摸的的特點;in表示附屬與人或物的內部固有特點.﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位紅鼻子老人。

﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那個人有某種魅力。

﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有點奇怪的地方。

六、with表想法，信念，態度與…一致

I agree with you on how to deal with it.關于此事如何處理，我同意你的看法。

七、with表示讓步,“雖有,盡管”

With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有著錢和名譽，他還是不快樂。

With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.雖有著好老師和熱心的同學，這個新來的還是感覺孤獨。

八、with表同時，或同一方向，“隨著”

The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血動物的體溫隨著周圍的環境的改變而變化。

The big ship is sailing with the wind.這個大船正隨風向航行。

And with the last words, she turned away.隨著最后一句話說完，他轉身離開了。

九．With后加上一個名詞（多為表情緒的詞），表示“。。。地”等情態意義，其作用相當于一個副詞。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly

十、with的復合結構表行為方式或伴隨情況

1、with + n/pron + adj.He left the room with the door open.門開著，他就離開了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里滿是東西時不要說話。

2、with + n/pron + adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音機開者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡著。

With Tom away , I always feel lonely.湯母不在，我一直感覺孤獨。

3、with + n/pron + done

The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.這個家伙兩手交叉，站在那里。

The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.莊稼都收割了，農民們有了一個好收成。

4、with + n/pron + to do

With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有這本書來幫忙，你能盡快完成工作。

With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有著太多問題要去處理，新經理擔憂的吃不下任何東西。

5、with + n/pron + n

The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因為他兒子是公司的主席，這個老頭瞧不起任何人。

He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到醫院，他的腿血肉模糊。

6、with + n/pron + 介詞短語

The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.這個男人手里拿著書離開了會議。

The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那個脖子上帶項鏈的女人一定很有錢。

十、with其他用法主要出現在一些常用詞和習語中，記住其特定含義即可。如： It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很長時間沒有和湯母取得聯系了。

Down with imperialism.打倒帝國主義。

第四篇：with用法小結

with用法小結

一、with表擁有某物

1、Mary married a man with a lot of money.馬莉嫁給了一個有著很多錢的男人。

2、I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我經常夢想有一個帶花園的大房子。

3、The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island.這個老人和一條小狗住在荒島上。

二、with表用某種工具或手段

1、We can walk with our legs and feet.我們用腿腳行走。

2、He writes with a pencil.他用鉛筆寫。

3、I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把鋒利的刀削平果。

4、Tom drew the picture with a pencil.湯母用鉛筆畫畫。

三、with表人與人之間的協同關系 make friends with sb

talk with sb quarrel with sb

fight with sb play with sb

work with sb

四、with 表原因或理由

1、John was in bed with high fever.約翰因發燒臥床。

2、He jumped up with joy.他因高興跳起來。

3、Father is often excited with wine.父親常因白酒變的興奮。

4、They were wild with joy.他們欣喜若狂。

五、with 表“帶來”，或“帶有,具有”，在…身上，在…身邊之意

1、The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那個金頭發的女孩看起來漂亮。

2、The director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那個導演將帶著男女主角來到會場。

3、Do you have money with you.身上帶著錢嗎？

4、Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.隨身帶傘，以防下雨。

六、with表想法，信念，態度與…一致

1、I agree with you on how to deal with it.關于此事如何處理，我同意你的看法。

2、I believe with the headmaster that a good teacher should not only teach a student what to learn but also how to learn it.我相信校長所說，一個好老師不但教學生學什么，而且應教學生怎么去學。

七、with表示讓步,“雖有,盡管”

With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有著錢和名譽，他還是不快樂。

八、with表同時，或同一方向，“隨著”

1、The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血動物的體溫隨著周圍的環境的改變而變化。

2、The big ship is sailing with the wind.這個大船正隨風向航行。

3、And with the last words , she turned away.隨著最后一句話說完，他轉身離開了。

九、“和……在一起”，表示伴隨。例如：

1、Can you go to a movie with me? 你能和我一起去看電影嗎？

2、He often goes to the library with Jenny.他常和詹妮一起去圖書館。

3、She lives with her son.她和兒子住在一起。

十、“關于，對于”，表示一種關系或適應范圍。例如： What’s wrong with your watch? 你的手表怎么了？

十一、“在……方面”。例如：

Kate helps me with my English.凱特幫我學英語。

十二、“隨著，與……同時”。例如：

With these words, he left the room.說完這些話，他離開了房間。

十三、包括...在內

1、I like tea with sugar.我喜歡加糖的茶水。

2、China is a country with a long history.中國是一個歷史悠久的國家。

十四、中考with詞組總結

1、agree with sb/to+V.同意某人的意見／某事

2、be angry with sb.生某人的氣

3、be busy with / doing sth.忙于做某事

4、be covered with被……覆蓋

5、be fed up with厭倦

6、be friends with對 …… 友好，與 …… 交上朋友

7、be pleased with對……感到高興

8、be strick with +sb/in +sth對誰／某事嚴格．

9、begin with從開始

10、come up with趕上,提出

11、communicate with與……交流

12、compare with與……比較

13、deal with處理

14、do with處置, 處理

15、fall in love with[中考]相愛，愛上

16、fill with用……裝滿

17、get on well with與 ……相處融洽

18、help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事

19、in line with與 …… 一致，按照

20、make friends with與……交朋友

21、meet with遭遇

22、play with以 …… 為消遣，玩弄

23、quarrel with(和某人)吵架

24、shake hands with與……握手

25、take up with和 …… 交往，忍受，采用

26、talk to / with sb與某人談話

27、with one's own eyes親眼(目睹)

28、with pleasure愉快地

29、with the help of /with one's help[中考]在……的幫助下

30、with the purpose of為了

31、work out ＝come up with做出，算出，制定出

32、chat to / with sb.和某人聊天

33、play with snow玩雪

34、with a smile面帶笑容

35、in step with與...一致/協調

36、come along＝come with sb.跟上來

37、be popular with sb.受某人歡迎

38、catch up with sb.趕上某人

39、fall in love with sb./sth.愛上什么

40、offer / provide sb.with sth.給某人提供

41、sb.spend sometime with sb.花了多少時間陪誰

42、have a conversation with sb.與...談話；交談

43、with the development of industry隨著工業的發展

44、play a joke with sb.和某人開玩笑

45、be mad with joy欣喜若狂

46、meet with a storm遇到風暴

47have nothing to do with與...無關

48、be patient with sb.對某人有耐心

49、supply sb.with sth.向某人供應／提供

50、finish with完成，結束

第五篇：it用法小結

小結(2008-12-08 15:57:31)

標簽：教育

It用法小結

it在英語語法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不僅不簡單，而且很復雜。

一、用于指人以外的一切生物、無生命的東西和事情。

一般指說話者心目中已經了解或所指的生物、無生命的東西或事情、沒有性別的區分；可以是可數名詞，也可以是不可數名詞，在句子中既可做主語，也可以作賓語。1．指動物和植物。如：

—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。

—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只貓！

Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．

什么地方種植茶？中國東南部種植茶。2．指代一些無生命的東西。如： Is it your watch？這是你的手表嗎？

Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看這雨！雨很大，對嗎？ 3．代替上文提到過的整個事情。如：

Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。這太危險了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘蘋果是艱苦活，可他們都樂意去干（它）。

二、用于指代人。

1．指代說話者心目中不太清楚的那個人，常在打電話或敲門時用。如：

—Who was it？是誰（打來的電話）？ —Was it Susan？（打電話的）是蘇珊嗎？

—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根據上下句，“it was”也可不譯出來。）再如：—Who is knocking at the door？誰在敲門？

—It's me．是我。

2．指說話者心目中的那個人。如：

—Is it your sister，Kate？（那舊照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凱特吧？

—No！不是。

—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？

—No！不是。

—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。

3．指代性別不詳的嬰幼兒或在不計較性別時，也可用it來指人。如 The child smiled when it saw its mother．這小孩一見到母親就笑了。I don't know who it is．我不知道他是誰。注意：看到這樣的句子（或聽到這樣的話）時，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它譯成“它”。）4．在回答用指示代詞表示人的特殊問句時，常用it指人。如：

—Who's that？那人是誰？

—Is it Kate？是凱特嗎？

—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你說對了，是凱特。

三、用于指時間、距離和自然現象等。1．表示時間。如：

—What time is it？幾點鐘？

—It's ten．十點鐘。

It's summer in Australia now．現在澳大利亞是夏天。特別注意it用于表示時間時還常見于以下兩個句型中：（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．譯為“是（某人）該干??的時間了”、“到??的時候了”。如：

It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚飯的時候了。

I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想現在是我們開始上課的時候了。

（2）It is ／has been ＋時間段＋since ＋一般過去時。譯為“自從??以來已過了??（時間）”。此結構可以與另一種句型進行同義句轉換。如：

It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自從我們上次相遇以來，兩個星期過去了。

It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到這里已經三年了。2．表示距離。如：

It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．從我家到學校步行得花半小時時間。

—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，農場在哪里？遠嗎？

—No，it's quite near．不，（距）離這很近。3．表示自然現象。如：

Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有時下雪，大地一片白。It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下這兒很安靜。

四、用作形式主語。

英語中常常見到某個句子以it開頭，it與其后面的動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語、名詞性從句等相呼應，以表達一個完整的意義。這是一種習慣表達法，這樣的句式可避免句子顯得頭重腳輕。

1．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋（for／of sb．）＋動詞不定式短語。對于這個句型中究竟用 for還是用of，一般遵循這樣的規則：如果形容詞僅僅是描述事物的形容詞，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等則用of。如：

It is interesting to play with snow in winter． 冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水質清潔對我們來說是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你這樣說真是太好了。注意：這一句式中的形容詞位置也可換用名詞；連系動詞be也可換用其它連系動詞，如feel等。如：

It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好習慣。

It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飛船飛往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有個孿生姐妹感覺很奇怪。2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容詞＋動名詞短語。如： It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是沒好處的。Is it any good trying again？再試一次有用嗎？ 3．It＋is／was＋形容詞＋從句。如：

It is certain that he will come．他一定會來。It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同學。It is strange that he should say so．他居然這么說，真是奇怪。

4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意為“該輪到某人做某事（做某事是某人的責任、愉悅的事）”。如：

It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天輪到你值日了。5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意為“（某人）花??時間做某事”。如 It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周時間看完這本書。

6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．譯為“某人花多少錢做某事”。如： It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我買這塊新手表花了260元。7．It seems ／seemed ＋從句。譯為“看起來好像??”，此結構可以轉換成“seem ＋動詞不定式”形式。如：

It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起來他好像病了。

[原題再現] ①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There B.This C.That D.It ② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.this B.that C.there D.it 答案: ① D ② D

五、用作形式賓語。

當句子的真正賓語是動詞不定式、動名詞或從句時，為避免句子頭重腳輕，須將其放在賓語補足語之后，改用先行詞it占據其原來的位置。it用作形式賓語的句型為：主語＋謂語＋it＋賓語補足語＋動詞不定式／動名詞／從句。該句型中賓語補足語可由形容詞、名詞等充當。如：

He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他發現學好一門外語是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我們認為躺在床上看書無益處。I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我認為開這個會是必要的。[原題再現] Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as granted

B.take this for granted C.take that for granted

D.take it for granted 答案: D

六.構成強調句。如：

It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看見李明。[原題再現] ________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when 答案: B 七.構成特殊句式。如：

It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【練習】

（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything? A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? A.now B.man C.that D.it(4)I consider____ my duty to help you． A.it B.this C.that D.its(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as 答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全國I）A.this B.that C.it D.one(7).-Do you like ___ here?-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全國II）A.this B.these C.that D.it(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one 答案：C D B A A

八、it, one和that作替代詞的用法及區別

it, one和that雖然都可以用來替代前面所提到的一個單數名詞,以避免重復,但在具體用法上卻有不同。簡述如下: 1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,該事物既可以是可數名詞也可以是不可數名詞。[原題再現] The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______? A.did they B.didn't they C.did it D.didn't it 答案: D 2.one代替前面提到的同類事物中的一個。該事物只能是可數名詞,前面可以有冠詞,也可以被this、that或形容詞修飾,其后也可以有定語。[原題再現]-Why don't we have a little break?-Didn't we just have________? A.it B.that C.one D.this 答案: C 3.that代替前面提到的同類事物中特指的一個。該事物既可以是可數名詞也可以是不可數名詞,要有后置定語,但不可以有前置修飾語。[原題再現] Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.some B.any C.that D.those 答案: C

高考“it”的用法英語題

歷屆高考英語單項選擇題精選

（一）“it”的用法

1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?

A.that

B.while

C.in which

D.then

(88)2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this

B.that

C.it

D.he

(89)3.I dont think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.this

B.that

C.its

D.it

(91)4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this

B.that

C.he

D.it

(91)5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then

(92)6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.that

B.this

C.one

D.it

(93)7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.while

B.which

C.that

D.since

(94)8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.There

B.This

C.That

D.It

(95)9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.until

B.that

C.then

D.so

(97)10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it

B.that

C.these D.them

(98)11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.one

B.that

C.what

D.it

(2000)KEYS: 1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B

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