第一篇：動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，不定時短語在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。
一.作主語
例如：
To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。
To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語－－動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再 如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.如果要表示動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可以在動詞不定式的前面加一個由介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語，稱為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
It’s good for us to read aloud in the morning.對我們來說每天早晨大聲讀是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.對學(xué)生來說每天使用英語是很重要的。
二.作表語：
動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開車。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是飼養(yǎng)動物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
三.作賓語
動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin, start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.我想給你講個故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點(diǎn)開始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？
*如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。
（2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。
I find it interesting to learn Chinese with you.我覺得和你一起學(xué)漢語很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。
四.作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
The teacher asked us to read aloud for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們早晨朗讀半小時。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老師常告訴Jim不要花太多時間玩電腦游戲。
Please let me help you.讓我來幫助你。
動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示賓語所做的動作，可以用動詞不定式作賓 語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, have，see, watch, hear, feel, notice等感官聽覺動詞或使役動詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式一般要省略動詞不定式符號“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow.I want you to go now.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就去。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母親希望她當(dāng)老師。
2.省“to”的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：
Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.讓那個男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了這個小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看見學(xué)生們在操場打籃球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我經(jīng)常聽到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我經(jīng)常幫媽媽做家務(wù)。
*動詞不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告訴他們不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的動詞不定式的否定式是直接在動詞前面加not.例：
Let the boy not go.讓那個男孩別走。
（3）如果將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語，動詞不定式則不省“to”，即原來省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那個孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
誰第一個到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她沒有紙寫字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么時候是種植蔬菜的最好時間？
Do you have something to drink?
你這有喝的嗎？
*動詞不定式（短語）作定語修飾名詞時，與其所修飾的詞具有一種動賓關(guān)系，如果不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后應(yīng)加上一個含義上所需要的介詞。例：
I have no chair to sit on.我沒有椅子坐。
He has no house to live in.他沒有房子住。
六.動詞不定式作目的狀語：
動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。
有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。例：
To learn English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語，他去了英國。
七.不定式和疑問詞連用，可以作句子的主語、賓語、表語等。例：
The problem is where to get a computer.（表語）
No one knows how to do it.沒有人知道如何做這件事。（賓）
I really don’t know which one to choose.（賓）
我真的不知道選哪一個。
When and where to have the party is not known.（主語）
何時何地舉行聯(lián)歡還不知道。
*不定式和疑問詞連用作賓語時有時可以改為賓語從句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步該做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）
一.選擇填空： 1.He asked me ________ here earlier.A.come
B.to come
C.coming
D.came 2.Please tell him _______ on the wall.A.don’t draw
B.to not draw
C.not to draw
D.not draw 3.He wanted ________ a cup of tea.A.to have
B.having
C.have
D.had 4.I’d like ________ a word with you.A.had
B.having
C.to have
D.have 5.I came here _______ my uncle.A.saw
B.to see
C.seeing
D.to be seen 6.The man refused（拒絕）________ back his words.A.to take
B.taking
C.took
D.takes 7.I can let you ________ one ticket.A.to have
B.have
C.having
D.had 8.We often heard him _________ in his room.A.to sing
B.sings
C.sang
D.sing 9.He was made ________ day and night.A.work
B.working
C.to work
D.worked 10.He stopped ______ a look, but saw nothing.A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.had 11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say
B.not to say
C.to saying
D.didn’t say 11 12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went
B.goes
C.going
D.to go 13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have
B.for, to have
C.of, having
D.for, to has 14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help
B.for, to help
C.of, help
D.of, helping 15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept
B.to keep
C.to give
D.keep 16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went
B.go
C.to go
D.to be gone 12 17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend
B.would attend
C.attending
D.to attend 18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write
B.to write on
C.writing
D.to write i ’t know _______.A.what do B.what will do
C.what to do
D.do what 20.Your radio needs ________.A，to be repaired
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.to repairing 21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming
19.I don
B.to become
C.become
D.became 22.I want ________ him a letter now.A, to write
B.not write
C.write
D.wrote 23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant
B.planted
C.to plant
D.plants 24.Why not ________ here _______ me?
A.to come, to see
B，come, to see
C.came, seeing
D.come, see 25.He wishes me ______ my best
________ hard at English.A，to do, to work
B.doing, working
C.to do, working
D.do, work
26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling
B, where to find, to tell C.where can find, to tell
D.where finding, telling 27.How happy they are ______ each other again!A，to see
B.see
C.saw
D.being seen 28.They decided（決心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表達(dá)）B.writing, express C.write, expressed D, to write, to express 29.The officer ordered（命令）him _ ______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have
B，to lie, to have
C.to lie, having
D.lie, had 30.The headmaster called on（號召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work
B.worked
C.work
D.to working
【試題答案】
一.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B
6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B
11.A 12.D13.B 14.A 15.B
16.C 17.D 18.B19.C 20.A
21.B 22.A 23.C 24.B 25.A
26.B 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.A
第二篇：動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。
一.作主語
例如：To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。
To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語－－動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.如果動詞不定式的動作是誰做的，可以在動詞不定式前面加一個由介詞for引導(dǎo)的短語，稱為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。例：
It’s good for us to read English aloud in the morning.對我們來說每天早晨大聲讀英語是很有益的。
It is important for students to use English every day.對學(xué)生來說每天使用英語是很重要的。
二.作表語：
動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開車。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
三.作賓語
動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
eg:They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點(diǎn)開始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？
*如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。
（2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。
四.作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們早晨讀半小時英語。
Please let me help you.讓我來幫助你。
動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示賓語所做的動作，可以用動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官聽覺動詞或使役動詞后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式一般要省略動詞不定式符號“to”，可以歸納為以下三種句式：
1.不可以省to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：
tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb.to do sth.例:I want you to go now.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就走。
Her parents wish her to be a teacher.她父母親希望她當(dāng)老師。
2.省“to”的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語：
Let / make / have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.讓那個男孩出去。
The boy made the baby cry.男孩弄哭了這個小孩。
see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb.do sth.I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday.昨天我看見學(xué)生們在操場打籃球。
I often hear the girl sing in the next room.我經(jīng)常聽到女孩在隔壁唱歌。
3.可省可不省的：
help sb.（to）do sth.I often help my mother（to）do housework.我經(jīng)常幫媽媽做家務(wù)。
*動詞不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not.例：
（1）Tell them not to play football in the street.告訴他們不要在街道上踢足球。
（2）省to的動詞不定式的否定式是直接在動詞前面加not.例：
Let the boy not go.讓那個男孩別走。
（3）如果將主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞不定式變?yōu)橹髡Z補(bǔ)足語，動詞不定式則不省“to”，即原來省的再加上，例：
The boy made the baby cry.The baby was made to cry by the boy.那個孩子被男孩弄哭了。
五.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：
Who was the first one to arrive?
誰第一個到的？
She has no paper to write on?
她沒有紙寫字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語最好的方法是使用它。
When is the best time to plant vegetables?
什么時候是種植蔬菜的最好時間？
*動詞不定式（短語）作定語修飾名詞時，與其所修飾的詞具有一種動賓關(guān)系，如果不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后應(yīng)加上一個含義上所需要的介詞。例：
He has no house to live in.他沒有房子住。
六.動詞不定式作目的狀語：
動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。
有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語，他去了英國。七.不定式和疑問詞連用，可以作句子的主語、賓語、表語等。例：The problem is where to get a computer.（表語）
No one knows how to do it.沒有人知道如何做這件事。（賓語）
I really don’t know which one to choose.（賓語）
我真的不知道選哪一個。
When and where to have the party is not known.（主語）
何時何地舉行聯(lián)歡還不知道。
*不定式和疑問詞連用作賓語時有時可以改為賓語從句。例：
I don’t know what to do next.我不知下一步該做什么？
I don’t know what I should do next.【模擬試題】（答題時間：30分鐘）
一.選擇填空：
6.The man refused（拒絕）_____ back his words.A.to take
B.taking
C.took
D.takes
11.My father was too angry _________ a word.A.to say
B.not to say
C.to saying
D.didn’t say
12.My brother was old enough ________ to school.A.went
B.goes
C.going
D.to go
13.It is time ________ him ________ supper.A.of, to have
B.for, to have
C.of, having
D.for, to has
14.It’s very kind _______ you ______ me.A.of, to help
B.for, to help
C.of, help
D.of, helping
15.It’s important _________ our classroom clean every day.A.kept
B.to keep
C.to give
D.keep
16.Before liberation（解放）they had no chance _______ to school.A.went
B.go
C.to go
D.to be gone
17.He said he had an important meeting ________.A.attend
B.would attend
C.attending
D.to attend
18.Please give me a piece of paper ________.A.to write
B.to write on
C.writing
D.to write it
19.I don’t know _______.A.what do
B.what will do
C.what to do
D.do what
20.Your radio needs ________.A.to be repaired
B.to repair
C.repaired
D.to repairing
21.My wish is ________ a teacher.A.becoming
B.to become
C.become
D.became
22.I want ________ him a letter now.A.to write
B.not write
C.write
D.wrote
23.It took us three days _________ the trees.A.plant
B.planted
C.to plant
D.plants
24.Why not ________ here _______ me?
A.to come, to see
B.come, to see
C.came, seeing
D.come, see
25.He wishes me ______ my best _________ hard at English.A.to do, to work
B.doing, working
C.to do, working
D.do, work
26.Please tell me ________ her.I have something _______ her.A.where to find, telling
B.where to find, to tell
C.where can find, to tell
D.where finding, telling
27.How happy they are ______ each other again!
A.to see
B.see
C.saw
D.being seen
28.They decided（決心）_______ a letter ______ their thanks.A.to write, expressing（表達(dá)）
B.writing, express
C.write, expressed
D.to write, to express
29.The officer ordered（命令）him _______ down _________ a rest.A.lying, have
B.to lie, to have
C.to lie, having
D.lie, had
30.The headmaster called on（號召）us ______ hard for our country.A.to work
B.worked
C.work
D.to working
【試題答案】一.11.A
12.D
13.B
14.A
15.B
16.C
17.D
18.B
19.C
20.A
21.B
22.A
23.C
24.B
25.A
26.B
27.A
28.D
29.B
30.A
三、初中定語從句的講解與練習(xí)
定語從句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞（關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞）引出。
關(guān)系代詞有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。
關(guān)系副詞有：when, where, why等。18.1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系
代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom, that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是你想見的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語）
2)Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）
3）which, that 它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+ which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例如：Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和“介詞+ which”引導(dǎo)的定語從句，在口語中that常被省略，例如：
His father died the year(that / when / in which)he was born.他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動詞。及物動詞后面無賓語，就必須要求用關(guān)系代詞；而不及物動詞則要求用關(guān)系副詞。例如：
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.1.As far as...is concerned 至今...被認(rèn)為是...2.It goes without saying that...不用說...(意思是：論述的內(nèi)容是顯而易見的）3.It can be said with certainty that...3.不用說...；...是肯定的。4.As the proverb says 4.有句諺語是這樣說的...;常言道...5.It has to be noticed that...5.必須引起注意的是...6.It`s generally recognized that...6.通常認(rèn)為...7.It`s likely that 7.很可能...8.It`s hardly that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說起；我們很少談到...It’s hardly too much to say that...8.hardly表否定，...不被經(jīng)常說起；我們很少談到...What calls for special attention is that...9.需要引起特別注意的是...There’s no denying the fact that...10.事實不容否認(rèn)...Nothing is more important than the fact that...11.沒有比這更重要的是...what’s far more important is that...12.意思同上，更重要的是...As time goes by,.....隨著時間的流逝 There is no doubt that...毫無疑問...As far as I'm concerned, I think....就我而言，我認(rèn)為...It is said that...據(jù)說...Two heads are better than one.三個臭皮匠，頂個諸葛亮。It is...that...強(qiáng)調(diào)句
It is important for sb to do sth.there be句型
Compared with A, B is more...與A相比，B更...in my opinion 在我看來
It is high time that we did sth.是我們做..的時候了。Only in this way, can wei solve this problem properly.只有這樣我們才能妥善解決這個問題。sth is so...that...如此..以至于..not only...,but also...不僅...而且...To be honest
To tell the truth 老實說來 too..to 太..以至于不能..On one hand,..on the other hand,..一方面..另一方面...高考英語翻譯（Jan..30）中譯英常設(shè)考點(diǎn)
1、形式主語或形式賓語it
2、動名詞作主語
3、句型結(jié)構(gòu)
4、連詞
5、倒裝句型
6、動詞或動詞短語
7、中英文化差異
8、各類從句
9、成語英譯 一：形式主語或形式賓語it
1、It’s + adj.+ of/for sb.to do sth.Eg.It’s so careless of you to make so many spelling
mistakes in the English exam
2、It so happened that…
Eg.It so happened that I didn’t have any money on me.3、It’s reported/ believed/ estimated that…
It’s estimated that about 30 passengers were killed in the bus accident.4、在強(qiáng)調(diào)句it is + that 中
Eg.It’s because of his perseverance that led to his late success.5、在含有某些形容詞的句子中，如important，necessary，impossible, natural, common, strange等。
6、It’s likely that…
Eg.It’s likely that John won’t come though he has promised do.二：動名詞作主語
充分利用時間并不意味著從早到晚不停地看書。(make full use of time)Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping on reading books from morning till night.三：句型結(jié)構(gòu)
很多人身體有疾病時才認(rèn)識到保持健康的重要性。(not…until)Many people are not aware of the importance of being healthy until they are ill.這部有關(guān)第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的歷史小說引人入勝，我簡直愛不釋手。(so…that)The historical novel about World War I is so attractive that I can’t bear to put it down.Practice
這個練習(xí)太難，沒幾個人能做對。（so…that）他下決心不再依賴父母，要靠自己用雙手謀生。（not…but）瑪麗把開門的鑰匙丟了，只好在屋外等她媽媽。（do nothing but）她身體太弱，沒法從事這樣艱苦的工作。（too…to）與閱讀一樣，聽力在語言學(xué)習(xí)過程中也起著重要作用。（as…as）人們普遍認(rèn)為，用腦越多，智力越活躍。（the more…the more）正是在這個小城里，他度過了幸福的童年。（It is … that…）他是鑒定書法的高手，自己也寫得一手好字。（not only…but also）過了若干年那個事件的真相才被揭示出來。（It…before…）
四：連詞
我們將作進(jìn)一步的討論，然后再作出最終結(jié)論。(before)We will have a further discussion before we draw a final conclusion)六：動詞或動詞短語
這張照片使我想起了我們在夏令營里度過的日子。(remind)The photo reminds me of the days we spent in the summer camp.說老實話，我真后悔沒能幫助他擺脫困境。(regret)To tell the truth, I really regret not being able to help him out of the trouble.眾所周知，成功來自勤奮，不努力則一事無成。
As we all know, success comes from hard work, without efforts nothing can be done.or It is known to all that success results from diligence;without efforts nothing can be achieved.他們應(yīng)從這件事中吸取教訓(xùn)，玩火者必自焚。
They should learn a lesson from this incident;he who plays with fire will surely get burnt.這個地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展很快，可是某些市民的素質(zhì)還不盡如人意。
Although the economy in this area is developing rapidly, the qualities of some citizens are still not satisfactory.當(dāng)時，那位出租車司機(jī)別無選擇，只能求助與游客。
At the time, the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourists/traveler(for help).許多外國游客都想去長城一游，他們知道“不到長城非好漢”。
Many foreign tourists want to visit the Great Wall.They know that” He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” 2003年：
雖然她孤身一人，無親無故，但鄰居們都向她伸出了援助之手。
Although she lives(alone)with no relatives or friends, all the/her neighboures offer her a helping hand/offer to help her.這個游戲的規(guī)則太復(fù)雜，三言兩語解釋不清。
The rules of the game are too completed to explain/be explained in a few words.我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難與那些一貫固執(zhí)己見的人合作。
I find it is hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinion.只要我們齊心協(xié)力，就能很快解決這個技術(shù)難題。
So long as/As long as/If we work co-operatively/with combined efforts/joint efforts, we will be able to solve/work out the technical problems.soon.他進(jìn)公司后不久就開始獨(dú)立完成了一項艱巨的任務(wù)，同事們對他刮目相看。
（so）
He finished a difficult task on his own / independently soon / shortly after he entered the company, so his colleagues looked at him with new eyes / regarded him in a totally different light/ treated him with increased respect.每次我向她請教，她總是有求必應(yīng)。而且解釋得令我十分滿意。(satisfaction)Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full satisfaction.這小孩太調(diào)皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心煩意亂。(So…)So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with their work.九：復(fù)合句（各類從句）
我第一次寫英語作文時，犯了許多拼寫錯誤。(make)（2002年上海）The first time I wrote the English composition, I made a lot of spelling mistakes.彼得每月留出一點(diǎn)錢以便在不久的將來購買一輛新汽車。(set aside)（1998上海高考）Peter sets aside some money every month so that he can buy a new car in the near future.這張照片讓我們想起了在夏令營里度過的日子。(remind)（2000年上海）The picture reminds me of the days that were spent in the summer camp.不管天有多晚，他從不把今天的事拖到明天。(put off)（2002年上海）However late it is, he never puts off what should be done today till tomorrow.盡管遭受如此嚴(yán)重的自然災(zāi)害，但只要不灰心，我們終會克服暫時的困難。(Although…)Although we are suffering such a severe natural disaster, we will eventually overcome the temporary difficulty as long as we don’t lose heart.
第三篇：動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式用法
動詞不定式是一種非謂語動詞形式，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“to＋動詞原形”，其中to不是介詞，而是動詞不定式的符號，稱為小品詞，動詞不定式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。動詞不定式和其后面的名詞等構(gòu)成不定式短語，在句子中可以用作主語、表語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、定語、狀語等。
一.作主語
To be a doctor is hard.做醫(yī)生很難。
To learn English well is not easy.學(xué)好英語不容易。
動詞不定式（短語）作主語時，為了避免句子的頭重腳輕，可以用“it”作形式主語，而把真正的主語－－動詞不定式（短語）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示為：
It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.再如：
It’s important to plant trees in spring.二.作表語：
動詞不定式（短語）作表語常用于系詞be的后面。例：
His work is to drive a car.他的工作是開車。
My job is to feed animals.我的工作是飼養(yǎng)動物。
Her ambition is to be a doctor.她的理想是當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
三.作賓語
動詞不定式（短語）可以放在一些動詞后面用作賓語，能以動詞不定式作賓語的動詞有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例：
I want to tell you a story.我想給你講個故事。
They begin to work at eight every morning.他們每天早晨8點(diǎn)開始工作。
Don’t forget to lock the door.別忘了鎖門。
Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow? 明天和我們一起去野餐好嗎？
*如果and連接兩個動詞不定式，第二個動詞不定式一般省“to”例：
（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我們一起去游泳。
（2）若作賓語的動詞不定式（短語）很長，可用it作形式賓語。
I find it’s interesting to learn English with you.我覺得和你一起學(xué)英語很有趣。
He found it hard to catch up with others.他覺得趕上別人很困難。
四.作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning.老師讓我們早晨讀半小時英語。
The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games.老師常告訴Jim不要花太多時間玩電腦游戲。
五.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語常用來修飾名詞或不定代詞，放于所修飾的詞后，為后置定語。例：
Who was the first one to arrive? 誰第一個到的？
She has no paper to write on? 她沒有紙寫字？
The best way to learn English is to use it.學(xué)英語最好的方法是使用它。
六.動詞不定式作目的狀語：
動詞不定式作目的狀語常用在go, come, hurry等不及物動詞后，表目的。
He went to see his sister yesterday.他昨天去看妹妹了。
They got up early to catch the early bus.他們早起去趕早班車。
有時可以把不定式（短語）提前，放于句首，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)目的。例：
To early English quickly and well, he went to England.為了更快更好地學(xué)英語，他去了英國。
第四篇：初中英語動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
初中英語動詞不定式用法小結(jié)
動詞不定式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，又叫非謂語動詞，它沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，在句子中不能做謂語；它由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，這里的to是動詞不定式符號，本身沒有詞義，其否定形式常在to前加not；由于它仍保持動詞的特點(diǎn)，可以有自己的賓語和狀語，還可以帶疑問詞和由for引出其邏輯主語等形成動詞不定式短語；不定式或不定式短語具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征，在句子中可作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語、定語和狀語等句子成分。為使同學(xué)們更好地掌握其用法，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：
一、動詞不定式作主語
動詞不定式作主語時，為避免句子的頭重腳輕，常用it作為形式主語，而真正的主語動詞不定式后置。如要說明動作的執(zhí)行者，可在不定式前加for引導(dǎo)的短語；但如果表語是nice, kind, clever等描述動作執(zhí)行者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞時，則應(yīng)在不定式前加of引導(dǎo)的短語。常用句型:It +be+adj./n.+(for/of sb.)to do sth./It takes sb.some time to do sth.二、動詞不定式作賓語
一些動詞，如want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need, teach, prepare,等，常接動詞不定式作賓語。當(dāng)動詞不定式作賓語時，如果后接賓語補(bǔ)足語，常用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語放在賓語補(bǔ)足語之后。應(yīng)注意有些動詞后面可接不定式作賓語，也可接動名詞作賓語，但所表達(dá)的意義不同。常見的有：（1）stop to do sth.停止正在做的事，去做另一件事；stop doing sth..停止正在做的事（2）go on to do sth.做完一件事后，繼續(xù)做另一件事；go on doing sth.繼續(xù)做同一件事（3）remember/forget to do sth.記?。浫プ瞿呈拢籸emember/forget doing sth.記得／忘記做過某事
三、動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作后置定語時，與被修飾的名詞邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系。如果動詞不定式是不及物動詞時，則要帶上與之搭配的介詞，構(gòu)成及物動詞短語。動詞不定式作后置定語常用于“have/has ＋某事＋to do”或“enough＋名詞＋to do”“It’s time to do sth.”等結(jié)構(gòu)中。
四、動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語
有些動詞，如tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, call等可接帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb.to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)。應(yīng)注意動詞不定式作使役動詞和感官動詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語時應(yīng)省去to，在被動語態(tài)中應(yīng)加上to。這些動詞可歸納為“一感(feel)，二聽(listen to, hear)，三讓(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半幫助(help)(即在動詞help后面作賓語補(bǔ)足語時，to可有可無)”。另有口訣幫助記憶：“感使動詞真奇怪，to在句中像妖怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來?！?let不用于被動語態(tài))
五、動詞不定式作狀語
動詞不定式作狀語主要用來修飾動詞，表示目的，結(jié)果或原因。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，有時可以把動詞不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加in order或so as。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有too + adj./adv.+ to dosth.等。
六、固定句式中動詞不定式的用法
在固定句式中對不定式的考察常見的有：had better(not)do sth./Would you like to do sth.?/Why not do sth.?/Would you please(not)do sth.?等。動詞不定式專項訓(xùn)練題：
一、單項選擇。
1._______ is difficult to work out the maths problem.A.This
B.That C.It
D.Its 2.We decided _______ at the end of this month.A.travel B.not start out C.to leave D.going 3.They have no paper_______.A.to write B.to write with C.write on D.to write on 4.Let him _______ a rest.I think he must be tired after the long walk.A.has
B.have C.to have D.having 5._______the computer is a problem.A.How to use B.What to use C.Where to use D.Which to use 6.The teacher told us _______in bed.A.don’t read B.read not C.to not read D.not to read 7.The old man was _______angry _______ say a word.A.so, that B.as, as C.too, to D.very, to 8.Why _______home tomorrow? A.not go B.not going C.not to go D.didn’t go 9.The TV set is too loud.Will you please _______? A.turn down it B.turn it down C.to turn it down D.to turn down it 10.It’s cold outside.You had better _______ your coat.A.to put on B.putting on C.puts on D.put on
二、用所給動詞的正確形式填空。
1.It took half an hour _______(get)to the World Park from Kitty’s school.2.It was interesting _______(see)so many places of interest from all over the world.3.They want _______(save)time by using shorter words and phrases.4.Kitty’s classmate Daniel taught himself how _______(make)a home page.5.Things _______(do)in Beijing 6.He put his photos on it for everyone _______(look)at.7.Help him _______(put)the photos in the correct order.8.He made the girl _______(cry)yesterday.9.It’s time for class.Please stop _______(talk).10.I’d like _______(go)to the Temple of Heaven.參考答案：
一、1—5 CCDBA
6—10 DCABD
二、1.to get 2.to see 3.to save 4.to make 5.to do 6.to look 7.(to)put 8.cry 9.talking 10.to go
第五篇：初中英語動詞不定式的用法小結(jié)
初中英語動詞不定式的用法小結(jié)
一、作主語，可以用it代替，it叫形式主語，動詞不定式放在后面叫真正主語
1．To learn a foreign language is not easy.It is not easy to learn a foreign language.2.It’s dangerous to drive very fast.二、作表語
My idea is to ring him up at once.我的想法是馬上給他打電話。
如果主語部分含實義動詞do，且作表語的動詞又是“do”的內(nèi)容，這時表語不定式的“to”可以省略。如：All I did was wait here.我能做的就是在這里等。
三、?？山觿釉~不定式作賓語的動詞有：agree(同意), hope(希望), decide(決定), need(需要), mean(打算), wish(希望), fail(失敗), want(想要), begin(開始), would like(想要)等。
He has decided to go to the countryside.他已決心去鄉(xiāng)下。
四、“疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)可以作動詞know、think、find out等的賓語。
I don’t know who to ask.我真不知道該問誰。
五、“疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”可以作動詞show、teach、ask等后面的直接賓語。
She told me where to find the earphone.她告訴我什么地方可以找到耳機(jī)。
六、如果賓語太長，可用it作形式賓語，構(gòu)成“主語 + 謂語 + it + 賓語不足語(名詞或形容詞)+ to do sth”結(jié)構(gòu)，謂語動詞常為find、think、feel等。
I found it difficult to stop him.我發(fā)現(xiàn)攔截他很困難。
七、動詞不定式可以作介詞的賓語。
Autumn harvest is about to start.秋收即將開始。
I’m worrying about what to do next.我正愁下一步該怎么辦。
八、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞有動賓關(guān)系。
I have a lot of books to read.我有許多書要讀。
此時，如果動詞不定式動詞為不及物動詞，后面的介詞絕對不能省略。
We had only a cold room to live in.我們只有寒室一間。
九、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞有主謂關(guān)系。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.他總是第一個到，最后一個走。
十、作定語的動詞不定式與被修飾詞之間只有修飾關(guān)系。
We have no time to go to town today.今天我們沒有時間去城里。
十一、作狀語的動詞不定式常表示目的、原因、方向、結(jié)果等。
I’m glad to meet you.見到你，我很高興。
They ran over to welcome the foreign guests.他們跑過來歡迎外賓。
十二、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“for sb to do sth”可用作主語、表語、定語、狀語等。
It’s for her to decide.這得由她來決定。（表語）
There are many books for you to read.這有許多書供你閱讀。（定語）
The book ids too difficult for children to read.這本書太難了，孩子們看不懂。（結(jié)果狀語）
不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，需注意：
It’s + 形容詞 + for / of + sb + to do sth.當(dāng)上面的形容詞指的是to do sth的性質(zhì)時，用介詞for。
It’s dangerous for children to swim in the river.孩子在這條河里游泳很危險。（游泳這件事情危險）
當(dāng)上面的形容詞指的是sb的性質(zhì)時，用介詞of。這些形容詞往往修飾人：good, bad, polite, unkind, kind, nice, clever, right, wrong, careful, careless
It was careless of you to do that.你這么做真粗心。（你這個人粗心）
十三、動詞hear, see, feel, watch, notice, look at, listen to等后面的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時不能帶to, 即常見的形式為: hear sb do sth等
Many people like to watch others play games.許多人喜歡看別人玩游戲.十四、let, make, have后面的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語, 也不能帶to;help后面的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語, to可有可無
She let us meet her at the station, but she didn’t come.她讓我們?nèi)ボ囌居铀?卡她沒有來.十五、十三和十四這兩種情況下的動詞不定式在改被動語態(tài)句子時,必須將省略的to還原,也就是說,動詞后需跟帶to的動詞不定式.We heard him sing every day.He was heard to sing every day.那時每天都聽到他唱歌.十六、跟帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞還有: ask, beg, leave, like, love, hate, prefer, order, teach, tell, believe, find, know, want, think, understand, would like等
形式為: ask sb to do sth
Would you like me to visit him? 要不要我拜訪他?
I would prefer you not to come tomorrow.我寧愿你明天不要來.He ask the driver to stop the motobike.他要那位司機(jī)攔下那輛摩托車.十七、區(qū)別下列詞組的不同含義:
①like to do sth
like doing sth
②stop to do sth
stop doing sth
③remember to do sth
remember doing sth
④forget to do sth
forget doing sth
十八、It takes sb some time to do sth.花費(fèi)某人一段時間干某事.It took me half an hour to do my homework yesterday.昨天我花了半小時做回家作業(yè).It took Jim an hour and a half to read the book.吉姆花了一個半小時看這本書.It took mother one and a half hours to do the housework.母親花了一個半小時干家務(wù).用漢字表述上面的句型為:It + take + 人 + 一段時間 + to do sth.一段時間形式往往為像這樣的例子:fifteen minutes15分鐘,an hour一個小時, two days兩天, half a month半個月,a year and a half一年半...等等
十九、不定式的特殊句型too…to…
①too…to
太…以至于…
He is too excited to speak.他太激動了，說不出話來。
----Can I help you ? 需要我?guī)兔?
----Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same.不用了。這箱子太重，恐怕你搬不動。謝謝您。
②如在too前有否定詞，則整個句子用否定詞表達(dá)肯定，too 后那個詞表達(dá)一種委婉含義，意 為“不太”。
It's never too late to mend.(諺語)
改過不嫌晚。
③當(dāng)too 前面有only, all, but時，意思是：非常… 等于very。
I'm only too pleased to be able to help you.我非常高興能幫助你。
He was but too eager to get home.他非常想回家。
二十、不定式的特殊句型Why not
“Why not +動詞原形”表達(dá)向某人提出建議，翻譯為：“為什么不……?” “干嗎不……?”例如：
Why not take a holiday?
干嗎不去度假?
點(diǎn)擊咨詢 