第一篇：特朗普百日新政“葛底斯堡演說”全文中英文對照

特朗普百日新政“葛底斯堡演說”全文

Gettysburg, PA: Today, in historic Gettysburg, PA, Donald J.Trump presented a game-changing plan for his first 100 days in office.This revolutionary “Contract with the American Voter” will ensure that America’s economy is revitalized and citizens are protected.今天（22日），在葛底斯堡Gettysburg，PA，特朗普發(fā)布了他的革命性的入主白宮100天計劃.這個名為“我與廣大美國選民的契約”將會保證重振美國經(jīng)濟，確保國民安全。

“I’m not a politician, and have never wanted to be one.But when I saw the trouble our country was in, I knew I couldn’t stand by and watch any longer.Our country has been so good to me, I love our country, I felt I had to act,” said Mr.Trump in his address.“我從來不是，也不想成為一個政客。但當(dāng)我看見我們國家的問題的時候，我知道我無法再袖手旁觀了。我們的祖國曾經(jīng)施惠于我，我愛她，我感到我必須行動起來。

“Change has to come from outside this broken system.The fact that the Washington establishment has tried so hard to stop our campaign is only more proof that our campaign represents the kind of change that only arrives once in a lifetime,” he continued.“變革必須來自這個崩塌的系統(tǒng)的外部，而我的競選能夠代表這種一生難得的變革。建制派對我的競選的瘋狂抵制就是明證。

“I am asking the American people to rise above the noise and the clutter of our broken politics, and to embrace that great faith and optimism that has always been the central ingredient in the American character.I am asking you to dream big.我呼吁，美國人民從當(dāng)下政治的嘈雜和凌亂中探起頭來，一起擁護(hù)美國精神的中流砥柱—偉大的信仰和樂觀精神。我懇請大家（對國家）有遠(yuǎn)大的愿景。

“What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again.It is a contract between Donald J.Trump and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington,” he concluded.接下來就是我的100天計劃to Make America Great Again.這是特朗普和所有美國選民的關(guān)于重塑華府誠信、責(zé)任和革新的契約。

DONALD J.TRUMP CONTRACT WITH THE AMERICAN VOTER

唐納德特朗普與美國選民的契約

What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again.It is a contract between myself and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington Therefore, on the first day of my term of office, my administration will immediately pursue the following six measures to clean up the corruption and special interest collusion in Washington, DC:

接下來是我的100天行動計劃。在我就職的第一天，我的政府會立即開始執(zhí)行6條措施來清除華府的腐敗和特殊利益勾結(jié)。

FIRST, propose a Constitutional Amendment to impose term limits on all members of Congress;

第一，起草一項憲法修正案，規(guī)定國會成員的任期有上限term limits

SECOND, a hiring freeze on all federal employees to reduce federal workforce through attrition(exempting military, public safety, and public health);

第二，所有政府部門停止招聘新的員工以削減開支（軍隊，公共安全，公共健康部門除外）

THIRD, a requirement that for every new federal regulation, two existing regulations must be eliminated;

第三，以后每產(chǎn)生一條新的聯(lián)邦法規(guī)，必須先廢除兩條舊的。

FOURTH, a 5 year-ban on White House and Congressional officials becoming lobbyists after they leave government service;

第四，規(guī)定所有白宮與國會官員離職5年之內(nèi)不能擔(dān)任政治說客lobbyist（公司或團體的在政府內(nèi)部擁有關(guān)系、能為公司或團體謀利益的人）。

FIFTH, a lifetime ban on White House officials lobbying on behalf of a foreign government;

第五，規(guī)定所有白宮與國會官員終身不能擔(dān)任其他國家政府的政治說客lobbyist。

SIXTH, a complete ban on foreign lobbyists raising money for American elections.第六，規(guī)定禁止其他國家的說客為美國大選籌款。

On the same day, I will begin taking the following 7 actions to protect American workers:

在同一天，我將開始執(zhí)行以下7條措施來保護(hù)美國工人：

FIRST, I will announce my intention to renegotiate NAFTA or withdraw from the deal under Article 2205

第一，宣布與NAFTA重新談判、或者按照Article 2205文件退出協(xié)議。

SECOND, I will announce our withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership

第二，宣布退出環(huán)太平洋合作組織TPP

THIRD, I will direct my Secretary of the Treasury to label China a currency manipulator

第三，讓財政部長標(biāo)定中國為匯率操縱國

FOURTH, I will direct the Secretary of Commerce and U.S.Trade Representative to identify all foreign trading abuses that unfairly impact American workers and direct them to use every tool under American and international law to end those abuses immediately

第四，讓商業(yè)部和美國貿(mào)易代表團裁定所有那些對美國工人不公正的非正當(dāng)?shù)膰H貿(mào)易舉措，引導(dǎo)美國工人利用美國的國際法來終止這些不正當(dāng)?shù)馁Q(mào)易。

FIFTH, I will lift the restrictions on the production of $50 trillion dollars’ worth of job-producing American energy reserves, including shale, oil, natural gas and clean coal.第五，減輕對價值五十萬億美元的美國能源儲備生產(chǎn)活動所采取的限制，包括頁巖，天然氣，清潔煤

SIXTH, lift the Obama-Clinton roadblocks and allow vital energy infrastructure projects, like the Keystone Pipeline, to move forward

第六，減輕奧巴馬和克林頓對能源基建項目所采取的限制，比如keystone 管道計劃

SEVENTH, cancel billions in payments to U.N.climate change programs and use the money to fix America’s water and environmental infrastructure

第七，撤銷對聯(lián)合國氣候變化項目的高達(dá)十億美元的資助，并將這筆資金用于修復(fù)美國水資源和環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)。

Additionally, on the first day, I will take the following five actions to restore security and the constitutional rule of law:

另外，在第一天我還會采取5項措施來恢復(fù)安保和保障憲法：

FIRST, cancel every unconstitutional executive action, memorandum and order issued by President Obama

第一，取消所有奧巴馬發(fā)出的違憲的決策（？）、備忘錄和法令（order？）

SECOND, begin the process of selecting a replacement for Justice Scalia from one of the 20 judges on my list, who will uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States 第二，開始大法官篩選程序、從20個我選出的法官中選出一位Scalia大法官的替代者。該替代者會維護(hù)和保障美國憲法。

THIRD, cancel all federal funding to Sanctuary Cities

第三，取消所有對Santuary Cities 收容所城市？的聯(lián)邦資助

FOURTH, begin removing the more than 2 million criminal illegal immigrants from the country and cancel visas to foreign countries that won’t take them back

第四，開始遣返大于兩百萬的非法移民罪犯。倘若對方國家不愿意接收，則取消對方國家的簽證。

FIFTH, suspend immigration from terror-prone regions where vetting cannot safely occur.All vetting of people coming into our country will be considered extreme vetting.第五，暫停從terror-prone 有恐怖主義傾向的、且移民審查失效的國家接受移民。所有來美國的移民必須接受極端審查extreme vetting。

Next, I will work with Congress to introduce the following broader legislative measures and fight for their passage within the first 100 days of my Administration:

接下來，我會和國會一起采取下面這個更廣泛的立法措施，并確保其在我上任100天內(nèi)通過（國會表決）。

1.Middle Class Tax Relief And Simplification Act.An economic plan designed to grow the economy 4% per year and create at least 25 million new jobs through massive tax reduction and simplification, in combination with trade reform, regulatory relief, and lifting the restrictions on American energy.第一，中產(chǎn)階級稅務(wù)減輕和簡化法案。這是一項旨在通過減稅和簡化稅法使得GDP增速達(dá)到4%、產(chǎn)生兩千五百萬個新工作的經(jīng)濟計劃。同時與之配套的還會有貿(mào)易改革、寬松法規(guī)relief 和減輕美國能源限制等舉措

The largest tax reductions are for the middle class.A middle-class family with 2 children will get a 35% tax cut.The current number of brackets will be reduced from 7 to 3, and tax forms will likewise be greatly simplified.中產(chǎn)將得到最大的稅務(wù)減免。一個2孩的中產(chǎn)家庭會有35%的稅務(wù)減免。目前的稅務(wù)種類bucket？會從7種減少到3種，稅表也會相應(yīng)簡化。

The business rate will be lowered from 35 to 15 percent, and the trillions of dollars of American corporate money overseas can now be brought back at a 10 percent rate.商業(yè)稅率會從35減少到15，數(shù)以萬億美元的美國企業(yè)海外資金會以10%的速度回流。

2.End The Offshoring Act.Establishes tariffs to discourage companies from laying off their workers in order to relocate in other countries and ship their products back to the U.S.tax-free.第二，停止離岸offshoring 法案。通過設(shè)立關(guān)稅來抑制公司一些全球化的行為，比如將總部設(shè)立到海外、產(chǎn)品返運回美國時避稅并且解雇美國本土工人。

3.American Energy & Infrastructure Act.Leverages public-private partnerships, and private investments through tax incentives, to spur $1 trillion in infrastructure investment over 10 years.It is revenue neutral.第三，美國能源與基建法案。通過稅率優(yōu)惠來爭取私營貸款，從而進(jìn)行一項為期10年的1萬億的基建投資（？）該項目可以確保收支平衡。

4.School Choice And Education Opportunity Act.Redirects education dollars to gives parents the right to send their kid to the public, private, charter, magnet, religious or home school of their choice.Ends common core, brings education supervision to local communities.It expands vocational and technical education,and make 2 and 4-year college more affordable.第四，學(xué)校選擇與教育機會法案。重新定向教育資金，從而使父母能有權(quán)利選擇送他們的孩子去公立、私立、教會、磁校、宗教或者家庭學(xué)校。取消common core（The Common Core State Standards Initiative，是給全美所有都統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行的從一年級到十二年級的教學(xué)質(zhì)量評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，主要是英語和數(shù)學(xué)。川普這里想讓每個地方政府自己定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以便照顧地區(qū)差異性，而不要全國統(tǒng)一用一樣的。），將教育監(jiān)督的權(quán)利還給當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)。這項法案會拓展職業(yè)教育和技能教育，并使2年制和4年制的大學(xué)更便宜。

5.Repeal and Replace Obamacare Act.Fully repeals Obamacare and replaces it with Health Savings Accounts, the ability to purchase health insurance across state lines, and lets states manage Medicaid funds.Reforms will also include cutting the red tape at the FDA: there are over 4,000 drugs awaiting approval, and we especially want to speed the approval of life-saving medications.第五，撤銷和替換奧巴馬醫(yī)保Obamacare 法案。完全撤銷奧巴馬醫(yī)保，用一項健康儲蓄賬戶Health Savings Accounts替換。新的法案會讓普通人有能力在各個州購買健康保險，并讓各個州管理Medicaid基金。改革同樣包括精簡FDA的新藥批準(zhǔn)流程。目前有4000中藥物正在等待批準(zhǔn)，我們特別希望能加速這一過程。

6.Affordable Childcare and Eldercare Act.Allows Americans to deduct childcare and elder care from their taxes, incentivizes employers to provide on-side childcare services, and creates tax-free Dependent Care Savings Accounts for both young and elderly dependents, with matching contributions for low-income families.第六，可負(fù)擔(dān)的兒童保障和老年人保障法案。兒童保障和老年人保障將可用于抵稅，從而鼓勵員工提供on-side？兒童保障服務(wù)。同時設(shè)立免稅的、針對年輕和年邁的受扶養(yǎng)人的保障儲蓄賬戶Dependent Care Savings Accounts。

7.End Illegal Immigration Act.Fully-funds the construction of a wall on our southern border with the full understanding that the country Mexico will be reimbursing the United States for the full cost of such wall;establishes a 2-year mandatory minimum federal prison sentence for illegally re-entering the U.S.after a previous deportation, and a 5-year mandatory minimum for illegally re-entering for those with felony convictions, multiple misdemeanor convictions or two or more prior deportations;also reforms visa rules to enhance penalties for overstaying and to ensure open jobs are offered to American workers first.第七，撤銷非法移民法案。全力資助南部邊境的隔離墻的修建，并確保墨西哥會補償美國的修墻支出。對于再次非法入境美國的，強制至少2年聯(lián)邦監(jiān)獄服刑。對于再次非法入境美國的重罪、多次犯罪、多次遞解出境的罪犯，強制至少5年聯(lián)邦監(jiān)獄服刑。同時改革簽證法規(guī)，加重對于超期滯留的處罰，并保證有新的工作機會時，美國工人被首先考慮。

8.Restoring Community Safety Act.Reduces surging crime, drugs and violence by creating a Task Force On Violent Crime and increasing funding for programs that train and assist local police;increases resources for federal law enforcement agencies and federal prosecutors to dismantle criminal gangs and put violent offenders behind bars.第八，恢復(fù)社區(qū)安全法案。建立專項武裝部隊來減少犯罪、販毒、暴力行為，增加項目支出用以訓(xùn)練和協(xié)助當(dāng)?shù)鼐健Ｔ黾泳瘑T數(shù)量來瓦解犯罪團伙，監(jiān)禁罪犯。

9.Restoring National Security Act.Rebuilds our military by eliminating the defense sequester and expanding military investment;provides Veterans with the ability to receive public VA treatment or attend the private doctor of their choice;protects our vital infrastructure from cyber-attack;establishes new screening procedures for immigration to ensure those who are admitted to our country support our people and our values.第九，恢復(fù)國家安全法案。減少協(xié)防支出？？增加軍事投入，重建軍力。為退伍軍人提供公共VA treatment（專門的管理退伍老兵的機構(gòu)（Department of Veterans Affairs），老兵醫(yī)療服務(wù)一般就是VA treatment，由專門的VA醫(yī)療服務(wù)中心提供）。加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全建設(shè)。建立新的移民篩選機制，保證新移民能夠支持我們的人民和價值觀。

10.Clean up Corruption in Washington Act.Enacts new ethics reforms to Drain the Swamp and reduce the corrupting influence of special interests on our politics.第十，反貪腐法案。通過新的職業(yè)道德規(guī)范改革ethics reform ?? 來清除不良風(fēng)氣，減少特殊利益集團對我國政治的影響。

On November 8th, Americans will be voting for this 100-day plan to restore prosperity to our economy, security to our communities, and honesty to our government.在十一月8號，美國人民會為我這100天計劃投票，來重新恢復(fù)我們國家經(jīng)濟繁榮，社區(qū)安全和政府誠信。

This is my pledge to you.這是我對你們的誓約

And if we follow these steps, we will once more have a government of, by and for the people.如果我們按計劃執(zhí)行這些步驟，我們會再次擁有民有、民治、民享的政府。

第二篇：【精品】川普葛底斯堡百日新政演講

Gettysburg, PA: Today, in historic Gettysburg, PA, Donald J.Trump presented a game-changing plan for his first100 days in office.This revolutionary “Contract with the American Voter” will ensure that America’s economy is revitalized and citizens are protected.今天，在葛底斯堡Gettysburg，PA，特朗普發(fā)布了他的革命性的入主白宮100天計劃--“我與廣大美國選民的契約”。該計劃旨在重振美國經(jīng)濟，確保國民安全。

“I’m not a politician, and have never wanted to be one.But when I saw the trouble our country was in, I knew I couldn’t’t stand by and watch any longer.Our country has been so good to me, I love our country, I felt I had to act,” said Mr.Trump in his address.“我從來不是，也不想成為一個政客。但當(dāng)我看見我們國家的問題的時候，我無法再袖手旁觀。我們的祖國曾經(jīng)施惠于我，我愛她，我感到我必須行動起來。

“Change has to come from outside this broken system.The fact that the Washington establishment has tried so hard to stop our campaign is only more proof that our campaign represents the kind of change that only arrives once in a lifetime,” he continued.”變革必須來自這個崩塌的系統(tǒng)的外部。我的競選能夠代表這種鳳凰涅磐般的改革，體制內(nèi)的建制派們對我的瘋狂抵制就是明證。

“I am asking the American people to rise above the noise and the clutter of our broken politics, and to embrace that great faith and optimism that has always been the central ingredient in the American character.I am asking you to dream big.我呼吁，美國人民從當(dāng)下政治的嘈雜和凌亂中探起頭來，一起擁護(hù)美國精神的中流砥柱— 偉大的信仰和樂觀精神。我懇請大家（對國家）有遠(yuǎn)大的愿景。

“What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again.It is a contract between Donald J.Trump and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington,” he concluded.接下來就是我的100天計劃 to Make America Great Again.這是特朗普與所有美國選民的關(guān)于重塑華府誠信、責(zé)任和革新的契約。

DONALD J.TRUMP CONTRACT WITH THEAMERICAN VOTER

唐納德 特朗普與美國選民的契約

What follows is my 100-day action plan to Make America Great Again.It is a contract between myself and the American voter – and begins with restoring honesty, accountability and change to Washington Therefore, on the first day of my term of office, my administration will immediately pursue the following six measures to clean up the corruption and special interest collusion in Washington, DC:

接下來是我的100天行動計劃。在我就職的第一天，我的政府會立即開始執(zhí)行6條措施來清除華府的腐敗以及與特殊利益的勾結(jié)行為。

● FIRST, propose a Constitutional Amendment to impose term limits on all members of Congress;

第一，起草一項憲法修正案，規(guī)定國會成員的任期有上限 term limits。

● SECOND, a hiring freeze on all federal employees to reduce federal workforce through attrition(exempting military, public safety, and public health);

第二，所有政府部門停止招聘新的員工以削減開支（軍隊，公共安全，公共健康部門除外）

● THIRD, a requirement that for every new federal regulation, two existing regulations must be eliminated;

第三，以后每產(chǎn)生一條新的聯(lián)邦法規(guī)，必須先廢除兩條舊的。

● FOURTH, a 5 year-ban on White House and Congressional officials becoming lobbyists after they leave government service;

第四，規(guī)定所有白宮與國會官員離職5年之內(nèi)不能擔(dān)任政治說客lobbyist（公司或團體的在政府內(nèi)部擁有關(guān)系、能為公司或團體謀利益的人）。

● FIFTH, a lifetime ban on White House officials lobbying on behalf of a foreign government;

第五，規(guī)定所有白宮與國會官員終身不能擔(dān)任其他國家政府的政治說客lobbyist。

● SIXTH, a complete ban on foreign lobbyists raising money for American elections.第六，規(guī)定禁止其他國家的說客為美國大選籌款。

On the same day, I will begin taking the following 7 actions to protect American workers:

在同一天，我將開始執(zhí)行以下7條措施來保護(hù)美國工人：

FIRST, I will announce my intention to renegotiate NAFTA or withdraw from the deal under Article 2205

第一，宣布與NAFTA（北美自貿(mào)協(xié)定）重新談判，或者按照Article 2205文件退出協(xié)議。

SECOND, I will announce our withdrawal from the Trans-Pacific Partnership

第二，宣布退出環(huán)太平洋合作組織 TPP

THIRD, I will direct my Secretary of the Treasury to label China a currency manipulator

第三，讓財政部長標(biāo)定中國為匯率操縱國

FOURTH, I will direct the Secretary of Commerce and U.S.Trade Representative to identify all foreign trading abuses that unfairly impact American workers and direct them to use every tool under American and international law to end those abuses immediately

第四，讓商業(yè)部和美國貿(mào)易代表團裁定所有那些對美國工人不公正的非正當(dāng)?shù)膰H貿(mào)易舉措，引導(dǎo)美國工人利用國際法和美國國內(nèi)法來終止這些不正當(dāng)?shù)馁Q(mào)易。

FIFTH, I will lift the restrictions on the production of $50 trillion dollars’ worth of job-producing American energy reserves, including shale, oil, natural gas and clean coal.第五，減輕對價值五十萬億美元的美國能源儲備（包括頁巖，天然氣，清潔煤）的生產(chǎn)活動所采取的限制

SIXTH, lift the Obama-Clinton roadblocks and allow vital energy infrastructure projects, like the Keystone Pipeline, to move forward

第六，減輕奧巴馬和克林頓對能源基建項目所采取的限制，讓諸如Keystone 管道計劃等項目能夠繼續(xù)進(jìn)行

SEVENTH, cancel billions in payments to U.N.climate change programs and use the money to fix America’s water and environmental infrastructure

第七，撤銷對聯(lián)合國氣候變化項目的高達(dá)數(shù)十億美元的資助，并將這筆資金用于修復(fù)美國水資源和環(huán)境基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)。

Additionally, on the first day, I will take the following five actions to restore security and the constitutional rule of law:

另外，在第一天我還會采取5項措施來恢復(fù)安保和保障憲法：

FIRST, cancel every unconstitutional executive action, memorandum and order issued by President Obama

第一，取消所有奧巴馬頒布的 違憲的 行政命令、備忘錄和法令（order？）

SECOND, begin the process of selecting a replacement for Justice Scalia from one of the 20 judges on my list, who will uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States

第二，開始大法官篩選程序、從20個我選出的法官中選出一位Scalia大法官的替代者。該替代者會維護(hù)和保障美國憲法。

THIRD, cancel all federal funding to Sanctuary Cities

第三，取消所有對 Sanctuary Cities 收容所城市？ 的聯(lián)邦資助

FOURTH, begin removing the more than2 million criminal illegal immigrants from the country and cancel visas to foreign countries that won’t take them back

第四，開始遣返大于兩百萬的非法移民罪犯。倘若對方國家不愿意接收，則取消對方國家的簽證。

FIFTH, suspend immigration from terror-prone regions where vetting cannot safely occur.All vetting of people coming into our country will be considered extreme vetting.第五，暫停從 terror-prone 有恐怖主義傾向的、且移民審查失效的國家接受移民。所有來美國的移民必須接受 極端審查 extreme vetting。

Next, I will work with Congress to introduce the following broader legislative measures and fight for their passage within the first 100 days of my Administration:

接下來，我會和國會一起采取下面這個更廣泛的立法措施，并確保其在我上任100天內(nèi)通過（國會表決）。

1.Middle Class Tax Relief And Simplification Act.An economic plan designed to grow the economy 4% per year and create at least 25 million new jobs through massive tax reduction and simplification, in combination with trade reform, regulatory relief, and lifting the restrictions on American energy.第一，中產(chǎn)階級稅務(wù)減輕和簡化法案。這是一項旨在通過減稅和簡化稅法使得GDP增速達(dá)到4%、產(chǎn)生兩千五百萬個新工作的經(jīng)濟計劃。同時與之配套的還會有貿(mào)易改革、寬松法規(guī)relief 和 減輕美國能源限制等舉措

The largest tax reductions are for the middle class.A middle-class family with 2 children will get a 35% tax cut.The current number of brackets will be reduced from 7 to 3, and tax forms will likewise be greatly simplified.中產(chǎn)將得到最大的稅務(wù)減免。一個2孩的中產(chǎn)家庭會有35%的稅務(wù)減免。目前的稅務(wù)種類bucket？ 會從7種減少到3種，稅表也會相應(yīng)簡化。

The business rate will be lowered from 35 to 15 percent, and the trillions of dollars of American corporate money overseas can now be brought back at a 10 percent rate.商業(yè)稅率會從35減少到15，數(shù)以萬億美元的美國企業(yè)海外資金會以10%的速度回流。

2.End The Off shoring Act.Establishes tariffs to discourage companies from laying off their workers in order to relocate in other countries and ship their products back to the U.S.tax-free.第二，停止離岸 off shoring 法案。通過設(shè)立關(guān)稅來抑制公司一些全球化的行為，比如將總部設(shè)立到海外、產(chǎn)品返運回美國時避稅并且解雇美國本土工人。

3.American Energy &Infrastructure Act.Leverages public-private partnerships, and private investments through tax incentives, to spur $1 trillion in infrastructure investment over 10 years.It is revenue neutral.第三，美國能源與基建法案。通過稅率優(yōu)惠來爭取私營貸款，從而進(jìn)行一項為期10年的1萬億的基建投資？？？。該項目可以確保收支平衡。

4.School Choice And Education Opportunity Act.Redirects education dollars to gives parents the right to send their kid to the public, private, charter, magnet, religious or home school of their choice.Ends common core, brings education supervision to local communities.It expands vocational and technical education, and make 2 and4-year college more affordable.第四，學(xué)校選擇與教育機會法案。重新定向教育資金，從而使父母能有權(quán)利選擇送他們的孩子去公立、私立、教會、磁校、宗教或者家庭學(xué)校。取消 common core（The Common Core State Standards Initiative，是給全美所有都統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行的從一年級到十二年級的教學(xué)質(zhì)量評判標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，主要是英語和數(shù)學(xué)。川普這里想讓每個地方政府自己定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，以便照顧地區(qū)差異性，而不要全國統(tǒng)一用一樣的。），將教育監(jiān)督的權(quán)利還給當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)。這項法案會拓展 職業(yè)教育 和 技能教育，并使2年制和4年制的大學(xué)更便宜。

5.Repeal and Replace Obama care Act.Fully repeals Obama care and replaces it with Health Savings Accounts, the ability to purchase health insurance across state lines, and lets states manage Medicaid funds.Reforms will also include cutting the red tape at the FDA:there are over 4,000 drugs awaiting approval, and we especially want to speed the approval of life-saving medications.第五，撤銷和替換奧巴馬醫(yī)保 Obama care 法案。完全撤銷奧巴馬醫(yī)保，用一項 健康儲蓄賬戶 Health Savings Accounts替換。新的法案會讓普通人有能力在各個州購買健康保險，并讓各個州管理Medicaid基金。改革同樣包括精簡FDA的新藥批準(zhǔn)流程。目前有4000中藥物正在等待批準(zhǔn)，我們特別希望能加速這一進(jìn)程。

6.Affordable Childcare and Eldercare Act.Allows Americans to deduct childcare and elder care from their taxes, incentivizes employers to provide on-side childcare services, and creates tax-free Dependent Care Savings Accounts for both young and elderly dependents, with matching contributions for low-income families.第六，可負(fù)擔(dān)的兒童保障和老年人保障法案。兒童保障和老年人保障將可用于抵稅，從而鼓勵員工提供on-side？ 兒童保障服務(wù)。同時設(shè)立免稅的、針對年輕和年邁的受扶養(yǎng)人的 保障儲蓄賬戶Dependent Care Savings Accounts。

7.End Illegal Immigration Act.Fully-funds the construction of a wall on our southern border with the full understanding that the country Mexico will be reimbursing the United States for the full cost of such wall;establishes a 2-year mandatory minimum federal prison sentence for illegally re-entering the U.S.after a previous deportation, and a 5-year mandatory minimum for illegally re-entering for those with felony convictions, multiple misdemeanor convictions or two or more prior deportations;also reforms visa rules to enhance penalties for overstaying and to ensure open jobs are offered to American workers first.第七，撤銷非法移民法案。全力資助南部邊境的隔離墻的修建，并確保墨西哥會補償美國的修墻支出。對于再次非法入境美國的非法移民，強制至少2年聯(lián)邦監(jiān)獄服刑。對于再次非法入境美國的重罪、多次犯罪、多次遞解出境的罪犯，強制至少5年聯(lián)邦監(jiān)獄服刑。同時改革簽證法規(guī)，加重對于超期滯留的處罰，并保證有新的工作機會時，美國工人被首先考慮。

8.Restoring Community Safety Act.Reduces surging crime, drugs and violence by creating a Task Force On Violent Crime and increasing funding for programs that train and assist local police;increases resources for federal law enforcement agencies and federal prosecutors to dismantle criminal gangs and put violent offenders behind bars.第八，恢復(fù)社區(qū)安全法案。建立 專項工作組 來減少犯罪、販毒、暴力行為，增加項目支出用以訓(xùn)練和協(xié)助當(dāng)?shù)鼐健Ｔ黾泳瘑T數(shù)量來瓦解犯罪團伙，監(jiān)禁罪犯。

9.Restoring National Security Act.Rebuilds our military by eliminating the defense sequester and expanding military investment;provides Veterans with the ability to receive public VAtreatment or attend the private doctor of their choice;protects our vital infrastructure from cyber-attack;establishes new screening procedures for immigration to ensure those who are admitted to our country support our people and our values.第九，恢復(fù)國家安全法案。減少 國際協(xié)防支出defense sequester？？, 增加軍事投入，重建軍力。為退伍軍人提供公共VA treatment（專門的管理退伍老兵的機構(gòu)（Department of Veterans Affairs），老兵醫(yī)療服務(wù)一般就是VA treatment，由專門的VA醫(yī)療服務(wù)中心提供）。加強網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全建設(shè)。建立新的移民篩選機制，保證新移民能夠支持我們的人民和價值觀。

10.Clean up Corruption in Washington Act.Enacts new ethics reforms to Drain the Swamp and reduce the corrupting influence of special interests on our politics.第十，反貪腐法案。通過新的 職業(yè)道德規(guī)范改革 ethics reform ?? 來清除不良風(fēng)氣，減少特殊利益集團對我國政治的影響。

On November 8th, Americans will be voting for this 100-day plan to restore prosperity to our economy, security to our communities, and honesty to our government.在十一月八號，美國人民會為我這100天計劃投票，來重新恢復(fù)我們國家經(jīng)濟繁榮，社區(qū)安全和政府誠信。

This is my pledge to you.這是我對你們的誓約

And if we follow these steps, we will once more have a government of, by and for the people.如果我們按計劃執(zhí)行這些步驟，我們會再次擁有民有、民治、民享的政府。

第三篇：林肯葛底斯堡演說中英文對照翻譯

聽力課堂,開放式外語學(xué)習(xí)的平臺！TingClass.com

林肯葛底斯堡演說中英文對照翻譯 林肯的講話是極簡短、極樸素的。這往往使那些滔滔不絕的講演家大瞧不起。

葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役后，決定為死難烈士舉行盛大葬禮。掩葬委員會發(fā)給總統(tǒng)一張普通的請?zhí)麄円詾樗遣粫淼模挚洗饝?yīng)了。既然總統(tǒng)來，那一定要講演的，但他們已經(jīng)請了著名演說家艾佛瑞特來做這件事，因此，他們又給林肯寫了信，說在艾佛瑞特演說完畢之后，他們希望他“隨便講幾句適當(dāng)?shù)脑挕薄＿@是一個侮辱，但林肯平靜地接受了。兩星期內(nèi)，他在穿衣、刮臉、吃點心時也想著怎樣演說。演說稿改了兩三次，他仍不滿意。到了葬禮的前一天晚上，還在做最后的修改，然后半夜找到他的同僚高聲朗誦。走進(jìn)會場時，他騎在馬上仍把頭低到胸前默想著演說辭。

那位艾佛瑞特講演了兩個多小時，將近結(jié)束時，林肯不安地掏出舊式眼鏡，又一次看他的講稿。他的演說開始了，一位記者支上三角架準(zhǔn)備拍攝照片，等一切就緒的時候，林肯已走下講臺。這段時間只有兩分鐘，而掌聲卻持續(xù)了10分鐘。后人給以極高評價的那份演說辭，在今天譯成中文，也不過400字。

Commented by 魚化石：林肯的這篇演說是演說史上著名的篇章，其思想的深刻，行文的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語言的冼練，確實是不愧彪炳青史的大手筆。尤其是其中的第二段，建議加以仔細(xì)分析，其語義的承轉(zhuǎn)，結(jié)構(gòu)的安排，甚至包括其句式的使用，無一不是極盡推敲之作。GETTYSBURG ADDRESS

Abraham Lincoln

Delivered on the 19th Day of November, 1863

Cemetery Hill, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continenta new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition thatall men are created equal.Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War,testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated,can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We havecome to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for thosewho gave their lives that Nation might live.It is altogether fitting andproper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannothallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here,have consecrated 聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學(xué)習(xí)使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。-1-

聽力課堂,開放式外語學(xué)習(xí)的平臺！TingClass.com

it far above our power to add or detract.The world willlittle note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget whatthey did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to thegreat task remaining before us;that from these honored dead, we takeincreased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measureof devotion;that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom;and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall notperish from the earth.葛底斯堡演說

亞伯拉罕·林肯，1963年11月19日

87年前，我們的先輩們在這個大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個新國家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來平等的原則。現(xiàn)在我們正從事一場偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗這個國家，或者任何一個孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國家是否能夠長久存在下去。我們在這場戰(zhàn)爭中的一個偉大戰(zhàn)場上集會。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個國家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們來到這里，是要把這個戰(zhàn)場的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹５牵瑥母鼜V泛的意義上來說，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，不能夠圣化，不能夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。我們今天在這里所說的話，全世界不大會注意，也不會長久地記住，但勇士們在這里所做過的事，全世界卻永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。毋寧說，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)——我們要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻(xiàn)身精神，來完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè)；我們要在這里下定最大的決心，不讓這些死者白白犧牲；我們要使國家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個民有、民治、民享的政府永世長存。

聲明：本資料由聽力課堂網(wǎng)站收集整理，僅供英語愛好者學(xué)習(xí)使用，資料版權(quán)屬于原作者。-2-

第四篇：林肯葛底斯堡演說中英文對照翻譯

林肯葛底斯堡演說中英文對照翻譯葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役后，決定為死難烈士舉行盛大葬禮。林肯的這篇演說是演說史上著名的篇章，其思想的深刻，行文的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，語言的冼練，確實是不愧彪炳青史的大手筆。尤其是其中的第二段，建議加以仔細(xì)分析，其語義的承轉(zhuǎn)，結(jié)構(gòu)的安排，甚至包括其句式的使用，無一不是極盡推敲之作。GETTYSBURG ADDRESS

Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent, a new Nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who gave their lives that Nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we can not hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us;that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom;and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth.87年前，我們的先輩們在這個大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個新國家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生來平等的原則。現(xiàn)在我們正從事一場偉大的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，以考驗這個國家，或者任何一個孕育于自由和奉行上述原則的國家是否能夠長久存在下去。我們在這場戰(zhàn)爭中的一個偉大戰(zhàn)場上集會。烈士們?yōu)槭惯@個國家能夠生存下去而獻(xiàn)出了自己的生命，我們來到這里，是要把這個戰(zhàn)場的一部分奉獻(xiàn)給他們作為最后安息之所。我們這樣做是完全應(yīng)該而且是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>

但是，從更廣泛的意義上來說，這塊土地我們不能夠奉獻(xiàn)，不能夠圣化，不能夠神化。那些曾在這里戰(zhàn)斗過的勇士們，活著的和去世的，已經(jīng)把這塊土地圣化了，這遠(yuǎn)不是我們微薄的力量所能增減的。我們今天在這里所說的話，全世界不大會注意，也不會長久地記住，但勇士們在這里所做過的事，全世界卻永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記。毋寧說，倒是我們這些還活著的人，應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于勇士們已經(jīng)如此崇高地向前推進(jìn)但尚未完成的事業(yè)。倒是我們應(yīng)該在這里把自己奉獻(xiàn)于仍然留在我們面前的偉大任務(wù)——我們要從這些光榮的死者身上汲取更多的獻(xiàn)身精神，來完成他們已經(jīng)完全徹底為之獻(xiàn)身的事業(yè)；我們要在這里下定最大的決心，不讓這些死者白白犧牲；我們要使國家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使這個民有、民治、民享的政府永世長存。

第五篇：葛底斯堡演說

《葛底斯堡演說》（英文：Gettysburg Address）是亞伯拉罕?林肯最著名的演說，也是美國歷史上為人引用最多之政治性演說。在1863年11月19日，正值美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中葛底斯堡戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束后四個半月，林肯在賓夕法尼亞州葛底斯堡的葛底斯堡國家公墓（Gettysburg National Cemetery）揭幕式中發(fā)表是之演說，哀悼在長達(dá)5個半月的葛底斯堡之役中陣亡的將士。林肯的演講于當(dāng)天第二順位發(fā)表，修辭細(xì)膩周密，其后成為美國歷史上最偉大的演說之一。以不足三百字的字?jǐn)?shù)，兩到三分鐘的時間，林肯訴諸獨立宣言所支持的凡人生而平等之原則，并重新定義這場內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，不止是為聯(lián)邦存續(xù)而奮斗，而是“自由之新生”，將真平等帶給全體公民。

以因襲的詞句“八十七年前”發(fā)端，林肯論及美國獨立革命，稱許葛底斯堡這場揭幕式為一契機，不止題獻(xiàn)一塊墓地，更能尊崇殊死奮斗以確保“民有、民治、民享之政府當(dāng)免于凋零”者。

出乎意料的是，盡管這場演說名垂青史，聲震寰宇，其確切之措辭卻頗受爭議。五份已知的演說稿，與當(dāng)時新聞報導(dǎo)中的謄抄本，于若干細(xì)節(jié)上彼此互異。

目錄[隱藏]

歷史背景儀式進(jìn)行與艾佛瑞特的‘葛底斯堡演說’

林肯的葛底斯堡演說五份不同的手稿當(dāng)時的原始資料與回應(yīng)主題與內(nèi)文分析市井傳說大眾文化中的葛底斯堡演說關(guān)于中譯文英文原文 歷史背景儀式進(jìn)行與艾佛瑞特的‘葛底斯堡演說’

林肯的葛底斯堡演說五份不同的手稿當(dāng)時的原始資料與回應(yīng)主題與內(nèi)文分析市井傳說大眾文化中的葛底斯堡演說關(guān)于中譯文英文原文[編輯本段]歷史背景聯(lián)邦軍陣亡者，提摩西·歐蘇利文攝葛底斯堡之役（1863年1月1日至3日），徹底改變了葛底斯堡這個小鎮(zhèn)。戰(zhàn)場上，聯(lián)邦波多馬克軍團與聯(lián)盟國北維吉尼亞軍團雙方留下超過七千具的戰(zhàn)士遺骸、數(shù)以千具戰(zhàn)馬尸骨，莊嚴(yán)有序地埋葬死者成為當(dāng)?shù)財?shù)千居民的首要之務(wù)。尸體腐爛的惡臭在戰(zhàn)事結(jié)束后一周內(nèi)，使許多小鎮(zhèn)居民劇烈作嘔。終于，在32歲富有檢查官大衛(wèi)?威爾斯（David Wills）的指示下，賓夕法尼亞州購下17英畝（69,000平方公尺）的土地作為墓園之用，以為這些葬送于烈日沙場的英靈善后。

威爾斯最初計劃于1863年9月23日星期三題獻(xiàn)這座墓園，并邀請時任國務(wù)卿的愛德華?艾佛瑞特、多名聯(lián)邦參眾議員、麻薩諸塞州州長、以及哈佛大學(xué)校長作為主講人。艾佛瑞特時為全國最知名的演說家，聲名遠(yuǎn)播。他回復(fù)威爾斯及治喪委員會，因時間倉促，無從備妥合適的演說，要求將日期延后。經(jīng)委員會同意，揭幕式順延至11月19日星期四。

威爾斯及治喪委員會幾乎是事后才想起邀請林肯參與揭幕式。威爾斯的信中寫道，‘敢請屈駕，于演說之后，以全國行政首長之尊，賜以適切之短評，使此土此地因蒙官式對待，得添神圣莊嚴(yán)。’林肯于演說順序中排名第二，類似于現(xiàn)今邀請貴賓于開幕式剪彩的傳統(tǒng)。

林肯搭乘火車于11月18日到達(dá)葛底斯堡，當(dāng)夜作客于威爾斯位于葛底斯堡市鎮(zhèn)廣場的住宅中，并為其于華盛頓寫就的演說稿作最后的潤色。與市井傳說不同的是，林肯既未在火車上準(zhǔn)備講詞，也未寫就于信封背面。11月19日早晨9:30，林肯于騎著一匹棗栗色馬，加入排成一長列的達(dá)官顯要、市井小民、與戰(zhàn)士遺孀中出場，位置在國務(wù)卿威廉?席瓦德與財政部長沙蒙?蔡斯之間。

據(jù)估計，約有一萬五千至兩萬人參與儀式，入席者包括當(dāng)時廿四個聯(lián)邦州中的六位州長：賓夕法尼州的安德魯?葛瑞格?柯丁（Andrew Gregg Curtin）、馬里蘭州的奧古斯都?布萊德福（Augustus Bradford）、印地安那州的奧利佛?摩頓（Oliver P.Morton）、紐約州的候拉提歐?西摩爾（Horatio Seymour）、紐澤西州的喬?帕克（Joel Parker）、以及俄亥俄州的大衛(wèi)?陶德（David Tod）。[6]確切之出場序仍有爭議。[7]將掩埋在戰(zhàn)場內(nèi)各墓穴的尸體掘出重葬于墓園的工作，于戰(zhàn)役結(jié)束后數(shù)月內(nèi)即開始進(jìn)行，至揭幕日僅完成不到一半。

[編輯本段]儀式進(jìn)行與艾佛瑞特的‘葛底斯堡演說’

愛德華·艾佛瑞于林肯的短評之前發(fā)表演說當(dāng)日安排由威爾斯與治喪委員會所安排之儀式進(jìn)行表如下：

? 音樂牧師史塔克頓博士（T.H.Stockton, D.D）? 音樂愛德華?艾佛瑞特閣下（Hon.Edward Everett）? 音樂美利堅合眾國總統(tǒng)? 挽歌牧師鮑爾博士（H.L.Baugher, D.D.）當(dāng)日視之為“葛底斯堡演說”者并非林肯總統(tǒng)的簡短致詞，而是艾佛瑞特長達(dá)兩小時的演講。艾佛瑞特這場今已罕聞之13,609字演講其開頭為：

‘立此晴空下，眺及四野，靜謐自已逝年代之勞苦，偉大之阿爾根尼山脈聳立，隱朝我等，以及腳下諸同志安息之處；以我卑微之聲破上天動人之岑寂，實感躊躇。然則奉各位之召，其責(zé)無可辭卸-其以爾之悲憫，應(yīng)我祈求。’

“Standing beneath this serene sky, overlooking these broad fields now reposing from the labors of the waning year, the mighty Alleghenies dimly towering before us, the graves of our brethren beneath our feet, it is with hesitation that I raise my poor voice to break the eloquent silence of God and Nature.But the duty to which you have called me must be performed;that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotionthat this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.[編輯本段]五份不同的手稿五份已知的葛底斯堡演說手抄本，各以自林肯之手承接之相關(guān)人士命名。林肯給他的私人秘書約翰?尼柯萊（John Nicolay）與約翰?黑伊（John Hay）每人各一份。兩份皆在其11月19日演說日左右寫就，而其他三份演說稿本，艾佛瑞特本(Everett)、班克勞福本（Bancroft）、與畢利斯本（Bliss），為林肯為慈善目的于11月19日后自撰。由于林肯對畢利斯本下標(biāo)題并署名及記下日期，該本成為大多數(shù)林肯葛底斯堡演說的復(fù)寫再制品之來源。

兩份最早的草稿互有關(guān)連，然兩者之存在與起源有若干的混淆與矛盾之處。尼柯萊與黑伊二人，由林肯之子羅伯特?陶德?林肯（Robert Todd Lincoln）于1874年指派為林肯文件的保管人。[3]尼 柯萊本于1894年出現(xiàn)在約翰?尼柯萊的文章之副本中；據(jù)猜測，其于尼柯萊在1901年去逝后，混雜在其女海倫轉(zhuǎn)交給黑伊的文件當(dāng)中。羅伯特?林肯于 1908年開始找尋原稿，海倫從而耗時數(shù)年追尋尼柯萊本未成。在給林肯的信中，海倫寫道：“黑伊先生在文件轉(zhuǎn)交后不久告訴我，令尊給了家父葛底斯堡演說的原 稿。”林肯追尋的結(jié)果是在約翰?黑伊裝訂成冊的論文本中發(fā)現(xiàn)一份葛底斯堡演說手抄本-即今稱‘黑伊稿本’（”Hay Draft“）者，其使用的紙張、每行字?jǐn)?shù)、整篇的行數(shù)、以及林肯編校的手跡，皆不同于約翰?尼柯萊在1894年印行的版本。八年后，1916年3月，符合倫?尼柯萊記憶與其父文章之今稱‘尼柯萊本’者，據(jù)報存于約翰?黑伊的孫女愛麗絲?黑伊?瓦德史渥絲（Alice Hay Wadsworth）的所有物中。（引據(jù)之注解今已絕版）尼柯萊本尼柯萊本據(jù)信為現(xiàn)存最早的副本，通稱“首稿”（”first draft“）。學(xué)者們對于尼柯萊本是否即林肯于11月19日發(fā)表葛底斯堡演說時所誦讀者意見不一。1894年，身為林肯文件保管者的尼柯萊，于一篇包含此本之摹寫的文章中寫道，林肯將以白宮文具寫就之講稿前半攜至葛底斯堡，并于11月19日發(fā)表演說前以鉛筆在橫格紙寫下講稿之次頁。兩 張紙上仍明顯可見的相稱折痕，顯示其或為目擊者所稱林肯自其外套口袋掏出并于典禮中誦讀者。有些人認(rèn)為其講辭業(yè)已丟失，因尼柯萊本的若干詞句與林肯當(dāng)時演 講的抄本不符。例如說，“憑借神佑”一句，不見于“此一國度，（憑借神佑），定享自由之新生”這一段。若說尼柯萊本就是當(dāng)時所誦讀者，那么不是當(dāng)時的謄錄 不確，便是林肯于講稿中數(shù)處悖于其寫定的文辭。這份葛底斯堡演說的副本據(jù)推測在約翰?尼柯萊于1901年去逝之前始終為其所有，后傳交于其摯友兼同事約翰? 黑伊；其后消失于眾數(shù)年，復(fù)于1916年三月尋獲。尼柯萊本現(xiàn)于華盛頓的國會圖書館中之美國珍品展（American Treasures exhibition）中永久陳列。

黑伊本于1906年首次發(fā)布于眾后，普立茲獎得主蓋瑞?威爾斯（Garry Wills）稱黑伊本為 “在林肯的五份副本中最令人難以索解。”當(dāng)中有數(shù)處增減，顯示其經(jīng)倉促抄寫；經(jīng)檢閱后，多處之刪削為全句基本含義之關(guān)鍵，非僅林肯可用以強化或明晰其語義 之簡單字詞。此副本，時稱“次稿”（”second draft“），若非于演講日一早寫就，即是林肯于回到華盛頓不久之后完成。相信演講日寫就者指出，當(dāng)中有若干詞句不見于首稿，但出現(xiàn)在對這場演說的新聞 報導(dǎo)與林肯其后撰寫的各副本中。他們斷定，依國會圖書館所收藏，隨附于首稿與次稿兩者原件的注解之聲明，這份次稿有可能為林肯發(fā)表演講時手中所持者。林肯最后把這份副本給了他另一位個人秘書，約翰?黑伊；其后裔于1916年將這份次稿連同尼柯萊本捐贈給國會圖書管。

艾佛瑞特本艾佛瑞特本，又稱艾佛瑞特-奇易斯本，于1864年初由林肯總統(tǒng)應(yīng)愛德華?艾佛瑞特之請而致贈。艾佛瑞特收集各人在葛底斯堡的演說稿，裝訂成冊，于紐約的美國衛(wèi)生部展覽場中為傷兵義賣。林肯所致贈的手稿后成為第三份署名的副本，現(xiàn)為位于伊利諾州春田市的伊利諾州立歷史文物館館藏。目前陳列于亞伯拉罕林肯總統(tǒng)圖書博物館（Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum）的珍品藝?yán)龋═reasures Gallery）中。

班克勞福本葛底斯堡演說的班克勞福本由林肯總統(tǒng)于1864年四月應(yīng)喬治?班克勞福之請寫就。身為當(dāng)時最知名的歷史學(xué)家，班克勞福計劃將這份副本納入《我國之肇建者身后真跡》（Autograph Leaves of Our Country's Authors），并于巴爾地摩的海陸軍衛(wèi)生展覽場中拍賣。由于這第四個副本寫于紙張的兩面，故不適合于此目的。班克勞福先生獲允保留下來。這是唯一一份隨附林肯寄送手稿所用之原有信封，并有林肯手書地址及免費郵遞字樣者。這份副本留在班克勞福家族手中數(shù)年，后捐贈予康乃爾大學(xué)中的卡爾克勞區(qū)圖書館（Carl A.Kroch Library）。這是五份副本中唯一私有收藏者。

畢利斯本在發(fā)現(xiàn)其第四份手跡成為喬治?班克勞福收納的《身后真跡》后，林肯總統(tǒng)寫下第五稿。畢利斯本為林肯唯一署名之副本，曾一度為亞歷山大?畢利斯上校家族所有；他是班克勞福的繼子與《身后真跡》發(fā)行人。這是林肯所寫的最后一份手稿，由于其外觀經(jīng)小心保存，也由于林肯于此副本下標(biāo)題并署名及記下日期，它成為這場演講的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版本。畢利斯本成為大多數(shù)林肯葛底斯堡演說的復(fù)寫再制品之源頭。原稿今藏于白宮的林肯室，為前古巴駐美大使奧斯卡?辛塔斯（Oscar B.Cintas）致贈的禮物。辛塔斯為富有的文物藝品收藏家，他于1949年在一場拍賣會中以五萬四千美元買下畢利斯本，就公開拍賣的文件而言，其為史上最高價位。

蓋瑞?威爾斯（Garry Wills）在1993年的 普立茲得獎作品《林肯在葛底斯堡：再造美國的字句》中論斷，畢利斯本“文體在一個極重要的方面上，較他本可取：林肯自‘其為之盡獻(xiàn)（于此）’中刪除了于此 ”，也就是此本之第七個“于此”。”威爾斯評論道，林肯“持續(xù)的改進(jìn)，顯示他注重內(nèi)文之完美甚于保存‘原稿’（當(dāng)然這是可理解的）。”

[編輯本段]當(dāng)時的原始資料與回應(yīng)另一份當(dāng)時講稿的原始資料為聯(lián)合新聞（Associated Press）的有線服務(wù)（wire service）廣播，轉(zhuǎn)謄自記者約瑟夫?吉爾伯特（Joseph L.Gilbert）的速計筆記；同樣在一些小地方與草稿的本文有異。

對于林肯當(dāng)時的表現(xiàn)，現(xiàn)場目擊者的報導(dǎo)同樣也是各色觀點兼具。1931年，時年87歲的莎拉?庫克?麥爾斯夫人（Mrs.Sarah A.Cooke Myers），曾在19歲時參與揭幕式，她表示林肯演說后現(xiàn)場莊重肅靜：“我當(dāng)時很靠近總統(tǒng)，聽完全部演講，但好像太短了。然后是一陣令人印象深刻的靜默，類似于我們的Menallen教友團契。他講完后并沒有掌聲。”[據(jù)歷史學(xué)家謝爾白?富特（Shelby Foote）所言，在林肯發(fā)表完演說后，掌聲遲疑、零亂、且“敷衍了事”。[相對之下，賓夕法尼亞州長柯丁直言：“他以全場清晰可聞的聲音宣講那場演說，在場群眾因總統(tǒng)站在面前而陷入寂靜?‘太令人欽佩了！’是各人一致的評論。好一場演講，正如他們所說的一樣！”

林肯后來收到艾佛瑞特于次日寫出的信，頌揚總統(tǒng)簡明扼要而具說服力的演講，他寫道：“若我能滿意于自己在兩小時內(nèi)趨近盛典的主要構(gòu)想，一如閣下于兩分鐘內(nèi)道破者，我當(dāng)十分慶幸。”林肯當(dāng)時慶幸這場演講并非“徹底失敗”。

其他對這場演說的公眾反應(yīng)因黨派之見而壁壘分明。芝加哥日報（Chicago Sun-Times）次日報導(dǎo)：“這位被有頭腦的外國人指為美利堅合眾國總統(tǒng)者，語調(diào)無聊、呆板、又蹩腳。各位美國人若以這種語調(diào)朗讀，必感面紅耳赤。”

林肯本人，隨著時間推移，也修訂了自己對“我這場小演說”的看法。

[編輯本段]主題與內(nèi)文分析林肯五次使用“國家”（”nation“）一字，但未用“聯(lián)邦”（”union“）一字，此字于當(dāng)時或單指北方-再者，恢復(fù)“國家”，而非各主權(quán)州的聯(lián)邦共同體，為至高無上。林肯的文辭涉及1776年與美

國獨立戰(zhàn)爭，并包含“凡人生而平等”等美國獨立宣言中廣為人知的字句。

林肯并未間接提及1789年的美國憲法，憲法中的五分之三協(xié)議（three-fifths compromise，每位黑奴折抵五分之三個自由民，作為各州產(chǎn)生聯(lián)邦眾議員的居民人數(shù)基礎(chǔ)）暗示承認(rèn)奴隸制度。他也未提及內(nèi)戰(zhàn)之前時期（antebellum）的種種政治爭議如拒行聯(lián)邦法規(guī)（nullification，州政府撤廢聯(lián)邦法規(guī)，自行其是）或是州權(quán)（state's rights，即主張美利堅合眾國為各主權(quán)州之集合，總統(tǒng)為各州委任之代理人，無權(quán)涉入奴隸制度等州內(nèi)重大事務(wù)）。

在《林肯在葛底斯堡：再造美國的字句》一書中，蓋瑞?威爾斯表示這場演說受美式希臘復(fù)興（Greek Revival）及雅典的傳統(tǒng)葬禮演說之影響，以及一位論（Unitarian，上帝只有一位，而非三位一體）中的超越論（Transcendentalism，頓悟）與廢奴主義者希歐多爾?帕克（Theodore Parker，‘全民共有，全民共治，全民共享’（”of all the people, by all the people, for all the people“）警句的原創(chuàng)者），還有丹尼爾?韋伯斯特（Daniel Webster）對憲法的主張。

作家，以及內(nèi)戰(zhàn)學(xué)者詹姆斯?麥佛森（James McPherson）對威爾斯著作之評述，擬之于修斯提底斯（Thucydides，古希臘史家）所述，佩里克利斯（Pericles，雅典政治家）于伯羅奔尼撒戰(zhàn)爭（Peloponnesian War）期間的葬禮演說，并列舉若干特點與林肯的演說比較。佩 里克利斯的演說，一如林肯，以向可敬的先人致意為開端：‘我須始于我輩先祖：是正確而適當(dāng)者，其若齒及今日如此盛典，應(yīng)感與有榮焉。’（”I shall begin with our ancestors: it is both just and proper that they should have the honour of the first mention on an occasion like the present“）；再來是贊揚國家對民主的 承諾獨一無二：‘觀其律法，賦平等正義予全體人民’（”If we look to the laws, they afford equal justice to all in their private differences“），尊崇亡者的犠牲：‘故寧力拒而亡，不受辱而生者，已遠(yuǎn)辱而犯險’（”Thus choosing to die resisting, rather than to live submitting, they fled only from dishonour, but met danger face to face“）；并敦促生者繼續(xù)奮斗：‘爾等，其孓遺，須決心以不移之念以入沙場，庶可為適切之爭而禱。’（”You, their survivors, must determine to have as unfaltering a resolution in the field, though you may pray that it may have a happier issue.“）葛瑞格?史密斯（Craig R.Smith）于《對政治修辭與修養(yǎng)的完善之批判》（”Criticism of Political Rhetoric and Disciplinary Integrity“）中，也表示韋伯斯特（Webster）的著名演講影響林肯在葛底斯堡演說中對政府觀點的闡釋，尤其是韋伯斯特的《對黑涅的二次回 復(fù)》（”Second Reply to Hayne“）。他在其中陳述：‘此政府，可敬的先生，為公眾志愿之產(chǎn)物，非州議會之創(chuàng)造，非也。尤有甚者，若須表述全部真理，則使其成真之人民、肇建、并擁護(hù)迄今者，為此之圖，連同他事，氣魄宏大而明確地強烈限制對州之最高主權(quán)。’（”This government, Sir, is the independent offspring of the popular will.It is not the creature of State legislatures;nay, more, if the whole truth must be told, the people brought it into existence, established it, and have hitherto supported it, for the very purpose, amongst others, of imposing certain salutary restraints on State sovereignties.“）有人注意到林肯以誕生、存活、消亡的比喻性手法用于國家的‘肇建’（”brought forth“）、‘孕育’（”conceived“）、以及必不自地球上‘消亡’（”perish“）。另外，包含作家艾倫?歸爾佐（Allen C.Guelzo）在內(nèi)，曾表示林肯公式化的表述‘八十有七’（”four score and seven“）間接來自英王欽定版圣經(jīng)（King James Version of the Bible）Psalm 90。圣經(jīng)中對壽算之表述類于‘六十有十’（”threescore and ten“）作家曼肯（H.L.Mencken）對他所認(rèn)為的林肯中心思想大加撻伐。林肯認(rèn)為葛底斯堡的戰(zhàn)士們‘為自決之事業(yè)捐軀’。曼肯論斷：‘很難想像還會有什么更虛假的。該戰(zhàn)役中的聯(lián)邦軍將士們實際上是為了反對自決而戰(zhàn)；是邦聯(lián)軍為其人民自治之權(quán)而戰(zhàn)。’

[編輯本段]市井傳說一個廣為流傳的傳言稱，林肯于演說結(jié)束后，轉(zhuǎn)向其隨扈瓦德?希爾?拉蒙（Ward Hill Lamon），評述自己的演說猶如敗犁，‘不可扒梳’。據(jù)蓋瑞?威爾斯所言，這種說法毫無事實根據(jù)，大部分是來自拉蒙不可靠的記憶。依威爾斯的觀點，‘（林肯）已達(dá)其欲成（于葛底斯堡）者’。

另一個始終不息的市井傳言為，林肯于自華盛頓至葛底斯堡的火車旅程上完成講稿，且寫就于信封背面。這是基于先前多份手稿流通，以及林肯于大衛(wèi)?威爾斯宅中作客期間定稿的報導(dǎo)而外加的故事。

另外，有傳言說葛底斯堡的治喪委員會原本預(yù)期林肯會講得比這場葛底斯堡演說要長一些。其實當(dāng)?shù)厮腥硕贾溃ɑ驊?yīng)該知道）總統(tǒng)當(dāng)日的角色實屬次要。唯一一幀已知林肯攝于葛底斯堡的相片，由攝影大師大衛(wèi)?巴克拉區(qū)（David Bachrach）所攝，于1952年在美國國家檔案及文件總署（National Archives and Records Administration, NARA）里，馬修?布雷迪（Mathew Brady）收集的照相底片中，為人認(rèn)出。因林肯的演說為時短暫且或須防止于演說中途被拍多幀照片，總統(tǒng)與其他諸位要人于進(jìn)行余下儀式時枯坐數(shù)小時。

國會圖書館中的各講稿副本封裝于特殊設(shè)計、恒溫控制、充填氬氣密封的容器中。以保護(hù)該文件不受氧化及繼續(xù)變性。

[編輯本段]大眾文化中的葛底斯堡演說美國大眾文化中不斷出現(xiàn)葛底斯堡演說，其于美國歷史上的重要性一再受強調(diào)。其卓越的地位不但表現(xiàn)在被鏤刻于華盛頓特區(qū)的林肯紀(jì)念堂中，石建內(nèi)殿的南壁；葛底斯堡演說更經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)于大眾文化產(chǎn)品中，明示當(dāng)代的觀眾對這些詞句相當(dāng)熟悉。

其范例包括馬瑞迪斯?威爾遜（Meredith Willson）1957年的音樂劇《歡樂音樂妙無窮》（The Music Man），其河邊鎮(zhèn)鎮(zhèn)長一貫地以‘八十?’（Four score?）起頭，然后便被打斷，直到下一次又輪到他以同樣的臺詞起頭。1967年的音樂劇〈毛發(fā)〉（Hair）有首歌叫做‘艾比寶貝／八十’（Abie Baby/Fourscore），涉及林肯遇刺，并將葛底斯堡演說以諷刺性的方式表現(xiàn)出來。在1989年電影《阿比阿弟的冒險》（Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure）中，亞伯拉罕?林肯被從事時光旅行的主角自過去劫走，并對圣迪瑪斯高中的學(xué)生發(fā)表這般的演說：‘八十有七分鐘前。’1999年電影《白宮也瘋狂》（Dick）中，飾演貝西與愛琳的角色說道：‘八十又七年前我們祖先（our forefather）干了些我不知道的事。’這是一個林肯的實際用語‘吾輩先祖’（our fathers）常遭誤用的例子。

[編輯本段]關(guān)于中譯文1919年，孫文在《文言本三民主義》中譯：“林肯氏曰：“為民而有，為民而治，為民而享”者，斯乃人民之政府也。有如此之政府，而民者始真為一國 之主也。”1921年6月，孫文演說《三民主義之具體辦法》時說，“這句話的中文意思，沒有適當(dāng)?shù)淖g文，兄弟就把它譯作：民有、民治、民享。of the people就是民有，by the people就是民治，for the people就是民享。林肯所主張的這民有、民治和民享主義，就是兄弟所主張底民族、民權(quán)和民生主義！”

徐道鄰在 中譯這篇演說時，將”of the people, by the people, for the people“譯成“民有、民治、民享”，應(yīng)是根據(jù)孫文的中譯而來的。他又加以題解：“其論民主政治之真諦，以三介詞闡發(fā)無剩義，尤為神來之筆。他人千言 萬語徒為詞費矣。”，不過錢歌川在《英文疑難詳解》一書中曾對這樣的中譯方式提出質(zhì)疑。

[編輯本段]英文原文Memorial versionTHEGETTYSBURGADDRESSFourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forthon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, anddedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testingwhether that nation, or any nation so conceived and sodedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle-field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion ofthat field as a final resting-place for those who here gavetheir lives that this nation might live.It is altogetherfitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate…we cannotconsecrate…we cannot hallow…this ground.The brave men,living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated itfar above our poor power to add or detract.The worldwill little note nor long remember what we say here, butit can never forget what they did here.It is for us, theliving, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinishedwork which they who fought here have thus far so noblyadvanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to thegreat task remaining before us…that from these honoreddead we take increased devotion to that cause for whichthey gave the last full measure of devotion;that we herehighly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain;that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth offreedom;and that government of the people, by the people,for the people, shall not perish from the earth.November 19, 1863The five manuscriptsNicolay DraftCopy of Nicolay's draft of the Gettysburg AddressFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that ”all men are created equal"Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of it, as a final resting place for those who died here, that the nation might live.This we may, in all propriety do.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate-we can not consecrate-we can not hallow, this ground-The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have hallowed it, far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here;while it can never forget what they did here.It is rather for us, the living, to stand here, we here be dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that, from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here, gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve these dead shall not have died in vain;that the nation, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people by the people for the people, shall not perish from the earth.Hay DraftFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met here on a great battle field of that war.We are now have come to dedicate a portion of it as the a final resting place of for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But in a larger sense we can not dedicate-we can not consecrate-we can not hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our ^poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished ^work which they have, thus far, so nobly carried on.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before ^us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to the that cause for which they here gave gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain;that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom;and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.Everrett CopyFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle-field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate-we cannot consecrate-we cannot hallow-this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here, have, thus far, so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that, government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.Bancroft CopyFour score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle-field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives, that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate-we can not consecrate-we can not hallow-this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us-that

from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.