第一篇：2017英語六級作文萬能句

英語六級作文萬能句子及寫作模板

一、常見開頭

1：It is well-known to us that……（我們都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（就我所知…）

2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus.==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……問題引起了關(guān)注）

3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（現(xiàn)今，人口過剩已成為我們不得不面 對的問題）

4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已在我們的生活扮演著越來越重要的角色，它給我們帶來了許多好處但也產(chǎn)生了一些嚴(yán)重的問題）

5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（隨著科技的 迅速發(fā)展，越來越多的人認(rèn)為……）

6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人們一般認(rèn)為……）

二、闡述觀點(diǎn)

1：People's views on……vary from person to person.Some hold that……However, others believe that……（人們對……的觀點(diǎn)因人而異，有些人認(rèn)為……然而其他人卻認(rèn)為……）

2：People may have different opinions on……（人們對……可能會持有不同見解）

3：Attitudes towards（drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人們對待吸毒的態(tài)度因人而異）

4:There are different opinions among people as to……（對于……人們的觀點(diǎn)大不相同）

三、結(jié)束語

1：In short, it can be said that……（總之，他的意思是……）

2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（從上面提到的，我們可以得 出結(jié)論……）

3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的 這些因素加以考慮，我們自然可以得出結(jié)論……）

4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我們最好的出這樣的結(jié)論……）

5:There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.（毫無疑問，跳槽有優(yōu)點(diǎn)也有缺點(diǎn)）

6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（總之，我們沒有……無法生活，但同時我們必須尋求新的解決辦法來面對可能出現(xiàn)的新問題）

四、提出建議

1：It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).（該是我們停止這一趨勢的時候了）

2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫無疑問，對……問題應(yīng)予以足 夠重視）

3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（顯然，如果我們想要做么事，很重要的 是……）

4：Only in this way can we ……（只有這樣，我們才能……）

5：Spare no effort to + V（不遺余力的）

五、推測后果

1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明顯，如果我 們不能控制這一問題，很有可能我們會陷入危險）

2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫無疑問，除非我們采取有效措施，否則我們很可能會……）

3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很緊迫的是應(yīng)立即采取措施阻止 這一事態(tài)的發(fā)展）

六、表示論證

1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看來，支 持第一種觀點(diǎn)比第二種更有道理)

2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我無法完全同意這一觀點(diǎn)）

3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我來說……）

4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced(that)子句.（我真誠地相信……）

5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地說，還有另外一個實 際的原因……）

七、給出原因

1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）

2:This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First,…….Second,…….Third，……。這一現(xiàn)象存在有很多 原因的，第一……第二……第三……

3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一 方面……

4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分贊同這一論述，即……。其主要原因如下。

八、列出解決辦法和批判錯誤觀點(diǎn)做法

1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解決這些麻煩的最好辦法是……

2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……

3;It is obvious that……很顯然……

4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是對的，但這并不意味著……

5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……認(rèn)為……是自然的，但我們不應(yīng)忽視…… 6：There is no evidence to suggest that……沒有證據(jù)表明……

九、表示好處和壞處

1：It has the following advantages.它有如下優(yōu)勢

2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它對我們有益處

3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之處

十、表示重要、方便、可能

1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.對于某人做……是……

2：It plays an important role in our life.十一、采取措施

1：We should take some effective measures.我們應(yīng)該采取有效措施

2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力去克服困難

3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我們應(yīng)該盡力去做……

4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我們應(yīng)該解決我們面臨的困難

十二、顯示變化

1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.過去五年發(fā)生了很多變化 2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international communications.在國際交流中理所當(dāng)然會發(fā)生 很多大的變化

3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已經(jīng)從…增加/減少到…

4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.這個工廠7月份產(chǎn)量以增加了15%

十三、表明事實現(xiàn)狀

1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我們不能忽略這個事實……

2：No one can deny the fact that……沒人能否認(rèn)這個事實……

3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.4:be closely related to ~~（與...息息相關(guān)）

十四、進(jìn)行比較

1：Compared with A,B……與A比較，B……

2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.十五、常用英語諺語

1：Actions speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯

2：All is not gold that glitters.發(fā)光的未必都是金子

3：All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬

4：A good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半

5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊 6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里

7：Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母

8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奮是成功之母

9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，學(xué)到老

10:Knowledge is power.知識就是力量

11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上無難事，只怕有心人

第二篇：旅游作文句

關(guān)于旅游的作文句

1.For your next vacation, why not consider visiting Pairs? Paris is one

of the liveliest cities in Europe.2.Beijing has lots of wonderful sights, including the Great Wall, the

Summer Palace and so on.3.It has everything---beautiful views, friendly people and exciting

things to do.You can take photos in the Summer Palace and try delicious Chinese food in Wangfujing Street.4.Shanghai is a good place to go shopping.You can buy lots of gifts for

your friends.5.Last winter vacation, I went to Beijing with my parents.We had a

great time there.6.In the morning we went to the Palace Museum where we leant a lot

about Chinese culture and history.The buildings there were so amazing that I took a lot of photos.7.During the day, we climbed the hills and enjoyed the beautiful scenery.At night, we sang songs, danced and told stories happily by the campfire.8.This winter vacation, I will volunteer my time to help others.9.Several years have passed.Every time my parents repeat the story, we cannot help giving a hearty(衷心的)laugh.10.I closed my eyes to feel the sun, the breeze and the fresh air with my heart.11.It’s a very good trip, and we all enjoyed ourselves.If I have another holiday, I will go there again.12.It is on the farm that I get to know the meaning of the saying, “ A grain, a sweat.”（“一滴汗水，一份收獲”）

13.Travel helps you stay away from the noise and pollution of the city.It also gets you closer to nature.14.The experience in Beijing is so impressive that I will never forget it.關(guān)于旅游的作文句

1． 關(guān)于你的下一個假期，為什么不考慮參觀巴黎呢？巴黎是歐洲最有

活力的城市之一。

2． 北京有許多很棒的景點(diǎn)，包括長城頤和園等等。

3． 它什么都有——美麗的景點(diǎn)、友好的人們以及讓人激動的事情。你

可以在頤和園照相并且在王府井大街嘗美味的中國食物。

4． 上海是一個購物的好地方。你可以給朋友買許多禮物。

5． 上個寒假，我和父母去了上海。我們玩得很高興。

6.上午我們?nèi)チ斯蕦m，在那我們了解了許多中國文化和歷史。那的建筑物是如此令人吃驚我們照了許多照片。

7.白天，我們爬山并欣賞美麗的風(fēng)景。晚上，我們繞著篝火開心地唱歌跳舞。

8.這個寒假，我將用我的時間做志愿者幫助別人。

9.幾年過去了，每當(dāng)父母舊事重提，我們都忍不住開心一笑。

10.我閉上眼睛，用心感受陽光、微風(fēng)和清新的空氣。

11.旅游幫助你遠(yuǎn)離城市的喧囂與污染。它也幫助你離大自然更近。

12.在北京的經(jīng)歷是如此讓人印象深刻我永遠(yuǎn)也無法忘記。

第三篇：雅思圖表作文句

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雅思圖表作文模板句

Para1.This is a table / chart /(line線狀 bar柱狀 pie餅狀)graph which demonstrate / illustrate / reveal /depict /privide information

about......Para2.(1)Obvious /Apparent from the graph is that...rank the

first/highest,while/whereas....turn out to be the lowest

(2)It is exhibited/shown in the table that.....(3)It can be seen from the table that.....Para3.(1)餅．柱圖 A，which accounts for...%,ranks the first;then next is B with...%;followed by C,constituting...%;finally it comes D.E.F at...%...%and...%respectively

(2)特殊變化（不變，增長或下降多的）

①It is worth mentioning that....②It must be pointed out that....③More striking/suprising is that....Para4.To conclude /In conclusion/overall

第一部分、用于雅思小作文開頭部分經(jīng)典句型

1、通過第一個曲線圖，我們可以知道____,也說明了結(jié)果是___

According to the first graph, it can be seen that ______________, it can also be concluded from it that ______________.2、一張有趣、有教育意義的內(nèi)容的圖片

There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: _

3、當(dāng)前有一張涉及______的增長曲線圖，許多人______，然而其他人傾向于___.Nowadays there is a growing concern over ______________.Many people like______________, while others are inclined to ______________.4、目前，共同之處是_____,許多人喜歡______因為_______除此之外還由于_____Nowadays, it is common to ____.Many people like___,because _______.Besides, _____________.5、（圖表所示）_____，就像許多其他事物，被____更加喜愛，然而這一觀點(diǎn)正被_______所抨擊，一些人認(rèn)為_________，他們指出___________

______________, just like many other things, are preferred by ______.While being attacked by the idea that _________, some people consider

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________.They point that ______________.6、每種事物都有兩面性和________，是沒有異議的，包括利和弊

Everything has two sides and ______________ is not an exception, it has both advantages and disadvantages.7、_____作為_____被觀察了許多年，但是人們現(xiàn)在像發(fā)現(xiàn)新大陸一樣注視著它For years ______________ had been viewed as ______________.But people are taking a fresh look at it now.8、政府保證________，對于這份保證，大多數(shù)人做出了強(qiáng)烈地回應(yīng)，因為_____It has stipulated by the government that _________.To this

stipulation,many people respond actively because ______________.9、_______出現(xiàn)在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪惺呛芷匠５模瑹o論我們做什么，_______都是不可避免的._______ is a common occurrence in our daily life.Whatever we do, _______ can't be avoided.10、___在人群中已經(jīng)成為熱門話題，特別是在年輕人中，激烈的爭論無休止

______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way.11、最近，_______已經(jīng)成為社會焦點(diǎn)，這樣，人們涌往______

Recently, ______________ has become the focus of the society, and in this way.People swarm to ______________.12、_____在我們?nèi)諒?fù)一日的生活中起到了越來越重要的作用，它為我們帶來了許多好處,同時也減少了許多問題

_____________ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought us a lot of benefits but created some serious problems as well.13、人們正面臨著一個很嚴(yán)重的問題_______,首先______，然后________

Man is now facing a big problem-______________, which is becoming more and more serious.First, ______________ second, ______________.14、現(xiàn)在，越來越多的人開始意識到________的嚴(yán)重性

Nowadays more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of ______________.15、最近幾年人們基本意識到_________

It is only during the last years that man has become generally aware that______________.16、有一個舊的說法________-，它是我們父輩的經(jīng)驗，然而，今天在許多事情上，它仍是正確的There is an old saying, ______________.It's the experience of our forefathers,however, it is correct in many cases ever today.17、英國諺語_______，這是非常正確的，因為_________

The English proverb says, ___________.This is quite true because ________.18、_____是______,同時又是_____,這兩個因素已經(jīng)引起______,我們應(yīng)該做些什么解決________面對目前的環(huán)境

______________ is now______________, and at the same time______________.These two factors have caused ______________.Then what shall we do to solve ______________ in the face of such a situation.19、一位遠(yuǎn)古的哲人說過，________,中國人已經(jīng)銘記于心

One of our ancient philosophers said, ______________.Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.20、一位非常著名的作家說過______,如果這是真的，目前的狀況應(yīng)使我們沉思______.One of the great early writers said that ______________.If this is true, the present situation should make us ponder over ______________.第二部分、用于雅思小作文中間部分經(jīng)典句型

1.最明顯的原因_______,因此_________

The most obvious reason for this phenomenon is that __________.Consequently, _______.2.無論你喜歡與否，_____已經(jīng)變得越來越流行，這是有原因的No matter you like it or not, AAA has become more and more popular and there are many reason for it.3.對我們來說，改變這個不利的環(huán)境________是非常緊急的It’s an urgent task for us to change this unfavorable situation: ______________.4.這個圖片會讓你想起一些奇怪的東西，這種現(xiàn)象還是會繼續(xù)存在這個社會The picture can reminds you of some strange, yet familiar phenomena existing in our society.5.提供了大量的解決方案，一些人建議______,另一些人建議______

A great number of solutions are being offered.Some people suggest that______________.Others argue that ______________.6.對于____,我們應(yīng)該____

Confronted with AAA, we should take a serious of effective measures to cope with the situation.7.然而，______引起了許多為問題，However, _______ may cause some problems.First, it is _______.Second, ______.Finally, ___________.So, it is clear that ________has its advantages and disadvantages.8.雖然____有一個______的非常大的好處，但是它不能完全______在_____方面Although ______________ has a great advantage of ______________, it can’tcompete with ______________ in ______________.9._____也許更喜歡_____,但是_____忍受_____的不利之出

______________ may be preferable to ______________, but it suffers from the disadvantages that ______________.10._____的有利之處比______的有利之處要多，舉例說明，_____

The advantages of ______________ are much greater that those of_________.For instance, ____________.11.But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ______________.For instance, ___________.Worst of all, _____________.12.There are many ways to _____.First, _____.Second, ____.Third, __

13.On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ______________.They believe ______________.Moreover, they think ______________.14.There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can ______________, there are a number of advantages of __________.Another solution is to ________.15.It is high time that something was done about it.For example, ___.In addition,_________.All these measures will certainly ______________.16.There are some other people, who ______________.Their reasons are different,something for ______________, sometimes for ______________, and sometimes simply for ______________.17.______________ is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction.First,______________.What’s more, ______________.Most important of all, ______________.18.However, if not managed properly, ______________ can create many problems.Sometimes ____________.Furthermore, ____________.Therefore, _____________ has been gaining public concern.19.有很多原因____，???

①There are probably many reasons for _______.First, _________.Second, ________.Finally, ________.There are,I think,two main reasons for _____.In the first place,______.In the second place, _________.Therefore,__________.② Well, why is there ______________? I think there might be two reasons.One is ______________, and the other is ______________.③Why ______________? For one thing, ______________.For another, ___________.Perhaps the main reason is ______________.④Why ______________? The first reason is that ______________.The secondreason is ______________.The third is ______________.For all this, the main cause of ______________ is due to ______________.20.It is no easy job to find the reasons for this tendency which involves several complicated factors.For some ________.For others ___________.21.“Why do ______________?” Many people often ask questions like this.22.In recent years, there is a general tendency to ______________.According to a study, there is ______________.compared with ______________ last year.Why______________?

23.According to a survey, there is a growing number of ______________.What brings this result? The main reason rests with.24.①Some people prefer to ______________.In their opinion, ___________.In addition, ______________.Nevertheless, nowadays, ______________ has become more and more common.②Many people are inclined to ___________.In their opinion, _____.They believe that ______________.25.Today, there _____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____ second, _____.What makes things worse is that ___.26.Nowadays, _____ has become a problem we have to face.Though it’s easier said than done, with the help of modern technology, we now have many means to solve it.27.對于這個圖，說明了_____

①The graph shows the general trend in ______________.②According to the figures/numbers/statistics/percentages in the table/chart/bar graph/line graph, it can be seen that ______________.Obviously, ______________, but why?

③The figure indicates/shows/suggests/proves that ______________.There is a steady/rapid development/trend of ______________.④From the graph/chart, we know the statistics of ______________ and______________.It can be seen easily that ______________.⑤According to the two graphs presented, it can be observed that _____In the left graph, ______________.At the same time, ______________ as the right graph shows.28.現(xiàn)在我們經(jīng)常聽到_____,但是真的如此嗎？

①These days we are often told that ______________.But is it true?②These days we often hear about ______________.But is this really the case?

29.一位著名的作家曾經(jīng)說過_____，One of the great writers once said that ______________.Now it still has arealistic significance.30.回看歷史，______的想法從來都沒流行過，一方面_____另一方面______In our history, the idea that ______________ never has been so popular.On one hand,_____, on the other hand,____________.31.人們中有許多像____不同的意見，一些人認(rèn)為_______

There are different opinions among people as to ______________.Some people suggest that ______________.32.一些人認(rèn)為_______對_______來說在許多方面都是好的，然，其他人不同意Some people hold the opinion that ______________ is superior to ______________ in many ways: Others, however, disagree with it.33.現(xiàn)在雖然越來越多的人______,但仍有一些_____的人，他們也許認(rèn)為_____Nowadays although more and more people ______________, still there are some who think ______________, they may think ____________.

第四篇：作文句輔導(dǎo)班版

以下為作文模板句，我給大家找了一些通用句式，可以考前參考一下,只列舉了?？嫉膬深愖h論文文體

對立觀點(diǎn)類文章

首段：

（1）When asked about___________, the vast majority of people say that_______.But others

think a little differently that__________.（2）Should/What_______? Options of _______vary greatly: some_________, while

others_______.But in my opinion,__________.（3）Now it is commonly believed that______.They argue that________.But I wonder

whether_________.中間段落：

On one hand, some people think that_____.First,_____.Second,_________.Last,_________.On the other hand,other people argue that ________.For example,_______.Besides,_________.末段：

（1）From what has been discussed above , we may safely draw the conclusion that ________.（2）In summary/ In a word,_____________

社會現(xiàn)象文章（比如：環(huán)境污染，工作壓力大，吸煙等等）

首段：

（1）Recently, the rise in the phenomenon of ________has aroused public / wide concern.（2）Recently the issue of ________has been brought into public attention。

（3）Now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize/be aware that______.中間段落（自己發(fā)揮，隨意）

末段：

（1）While it can not be solved immediately, still there are ways.The most popular is

______.Another method is _______.Still another one is __________.Awareness of the problem is the first step toward the situation.（2）Many solutions are being offered here, all of which make some sense, but none is

adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in a wide way.（3）Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the payout might be

worth the effort.It will not only benefit _______but also_______.In any case, whether it is positive or negative, one thing is certain that it undoubtedly__________.

第五篇：優(yōu)美文句

久違的笑傲江湖琴簫合奏曲，彈指一晃，十幾年過去了，每次在耳邊響起這曲的時候，我的思緒亦隨之若煙云般飄散開去......想劉正風(fēng)與曲洋合奏時的那豪氣干云的場面，人非人，道非道，魔非魔......唯有真情不滅！

只聽琴聲驟起，似黑夜中滑過一道閃電，全身如遭雷擊般顫抖，隨后愈見激烈，好似一琴一簫并肩戰(zhàn)斗，場面極為兇險。許久，曲調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)向柔和，仿佛琴簫持有者厭倦了江湖紛爭，欲歸隱山林，一時如春光明媚，百花含笑，清風(fēng)拂柳；又似桂華流瓦，月下對酌，低吟淺唱。

此曲為何有如此大的魅力？其一，據(jù)書中所述，該曲的大部分來源于竹林七賢中的嵇康的《廣陵散》。想那嵇康是何等高蹈獨(dú)立、性情剛烈的人物！面對司馬氏借名教以誅滅異己的黑暗現(xiàn)實，雖口稱“老子、莊周吾之師也”，卻學(xué)不來“安時而處順”的人生哲學(xué)，終不能保家全身?！稄V陵散》自然充滿著不可抑制的憤世嫉俗之情。

其二，世人都以為《廣陵散》已成絕響，所幸魔教長老曲洋自東漢蔡邑墓中盜得，并將其譜入《笑傲江湖之曲》，后同衡山派劉正風(fēng)共同鉆研，才譜出這一絕世妙曲。只因正邪相交不容于武林而慘遭追殺，臨終時更是奮二人醫(yī)生之絕學(xué)，合奏出這情動天地、氣驚鬼神的《笑傲江湖之曲》，使琴簫合奏籠罩于化不開的孤絕和悲愴之中。焉能不叫聞?wù)邿嵫?、心似狂潮！想那梅莊“江南四友”，意欲歸隱山林，卻終究逃不過江湖紛爭，說到底也因此曲喪命。笑傲江湖而不可得，不亦痛哉！豈獨(dú)武林中人如此？我等凡人，行走于世間，渺渺如驚濤駭浪中的一葉孤舟，雖欲任意東西，終不過為幻想，更是痛如切腹！

其三，吾如此癡迷于它,大概也是久久不能忘懷于呂版《笑傲江湖》最后一幕吧!令狐沖與任盈盈一人撫琴，一人吹簫，心意相通，其樂融融，配合得天衣無縫。一曲末了，兩人相視一笑，一群白鴿自令狐沖肩頭飛起……好一對神仙伴侶！只覺這琴簫合奏中更有千般柔情，萬般婉轉(zhuǎn)，比之古人所稱道的琴瑟合鳴，另有一番深意！那是共歷劫難的映證，是繁華褪盡、滄桑過后的釋然！

愛琴簫合奏，還因?qū)α詈鼪_不能釋懷的情愫。憐他孤苦無依，漂泊不定；感他癡情一片，卻情無所終；恨他心地太過澄明，屢遭誹謗；愛他尖嘴滑舌，幽默風(fēng)趣；更愛他放蕩不羈，風(fēng)流瀟灑，俠肝義膽，靜如朗月清風(fēng)，動似飛雪無痕！

于是，在每個陽光燦爛的日子里，我總會不由自主地抬頭看天，像苦戀中的儀琳一樣，幻想著令狐大哥吹一管長簫，自云端悄然飄下，星眸含笑。不經(jīng)意間，我的手中竟多出一架古琴。我輕抬右手，撥向琴弦。這一刻，時間凝滯不動，一切已然消失。整個世界只有我倆，只有琴簫合奏……

從音樂角度看《笑傲江湖》

不論中西文化，音樂與文學(xué)的關(guān)系自古以來便關(guān)系密切，中西皆然，只有內(nèi)容及語言上之不同，并無高下之分。在中國傳統(tǒng)文化中，音樂與文學(xué)往往有雅與俗的相對觀念，這在金庸小說中有頗貼切的運(yùn)用，可是到了徐克的電影，則有與中國音樂實際操作大相違背的處理。

本來小說與電影多虛構(gòu)，不必全為事實，幻想力與創(chuàng)作力愈高，讀者愈欣賞。但幻想與創(chuàng)作應(yīng)以實際的常識為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，方有說服力。電影《笑傲江湖》（包括大部分港產(chǎn)片）若能在音樂及中國文化的理解上能令人信服，則我們最少不會有目前由電影帶給觀眾在畫面及音響上錯亂百出的中國音樂理解。

為了討論傳統(tǒng)中國文化中，尤其是在四九年前文學(xué)上的雅俗觀念，先說明兩件中國樂器：古琴與胡琴。

正邪之分等閑事古琴七弦，身長，琴面有十三小圓點(diǎn)指示按弦的位置，稱為十三徽，但無琴碼（古箏有），為中國古代之重要樂器。相傳孔子善琴，儒生四藝：琴、棋、書、畫，即指此器，為舊時文人必修之藝。一直以來，在中國文學(xué)中，以此器最為高雅，非知音面前不彈，著名的「高山流水」典故即以子期、伯牙之友誼為寄托。而金庸在《笑傲江湖》中描寫曲洋與劉正風(fēng)之友誼，亦明顯有子期伯牙故事的烙印。而以胡琴寫莫大之俗，以古琴形容曲劉二人交情之雅（不分正邪），均為后來襯托任盈盈之雅鋪路。

胡琴一詞原指魏晉南北朝及隋唐時指從西域傳來的胡琵琶，為撥弦樂器，曲項（指琴柄）四弦，直項五弦，形狀與今日流行之四弦琵琶相似。約自宋代，下至明、清到今日，「胡琴」一詞乃指弓弦類的拉奏樂器。京劇的主要伴奏樂器即名胡琴，一般叫「京胡」，其他弓弦樂器如二胡、高胡、板胡等均屬胡琴類樂器。無論琵琶或二胡等胡琴，在中國舊文學(xué)上，均為俗樂的樂器，社會地位卑下，故金庸用胡琴（指弓弦類）形容莫大之悲涼落寞，亦有卑俗之意。

小說中對琴曲《廣陵散》的描述小說中莫大以胡琴奏「瀟湘夜雨」，按胡琴曲目中無此曲，金庸之靈感似得自他對古琴曲的認(rèn)識。古琴有「瀟湘水云」一曲，古箏有「蕉窗夜雨」一曲（客家漢樂），蘇州彈詞有「瀟湘夜雨」一曲。金庸為吳人，應(yīng)知彈詞，而把古琴與古箏二曲之名合而為一，亦雅俗共冶之創(chuàng)作。

相傳此曲即「聶政刺韓王」。嵇康臨刑前奏此曲，并嘆「廣陵散」從此絕矣！成為成語「廣陵絕響」的典故，指失傳之物。但琴曲「廣陵散」仍見于一四二五年朱權(quán)編的《神奇秘譜》，未知成語中絕響。蔡邕《蔡文姬之父）在「琴操」一文對此故事之描寫極具電影感，簡潔有力，集奇情、神怪、暴力、俠義、中國大男人主義、*兒女私情的冷血?dú)⑹?、為揚(yáng)兒名而殉義的母親種種流行電影的素材，戲劇性與音樂性甚強(qiáng)。其故事亦明顯有荊軻刺秦王的影子。

《神奇秘譜》中「廣陵散」的序則交代了嵇康與此曲的歷史。嵇康于古人處學(xué)得此曲（實非人，乃鬼），并應(yīng)允誓不傳人，加添了此曲的神秘色彩。其臨終時先顧日影而彈，即計準(zhǔn)時間，一曲既畢即行刑，可見其豁達(dá)從容。自以為此曲將成絕響，不料其甥袁孝尼已偷偷地于靜夜聽學(xué)此曲得三十三拍（段），后再續(xù)全曲，可見當(dāng)時琴曲的創(chuàng)作觀念，一曲非必由一人全作，彈琴之人若領(lǐng)會其曲意，亦可順其曲意續(xù)作，此傳統(tǒng)在今日仍有部分保留下來。在中國傳統(tǒng)音樂中，改編前人作品多習(xí)以為常，并無西方之作者與作品完整之觀念。作曲家的觀念古代并不如近代清晰，創(chuàng)作空間在演奏者手中更大。

金庸顯然是熟讀《晉書》嵇康傳及蔡邕《琴操》中有關(guān)聶政的故事的。他亦不諱言對嵇康任俠性格的仰慕（借曲洋口中道出）。而整部《笑傲江湖》的主題，其實借古琴譜之特徵為靈感，引伸出武林中人誤以為琴譜是武功秘笈，可見金庸明了琴譜的特點(diǎn)。書中有關(guān)音樂的描寫自然是出于小說家的想像。但大體上作者對琴譜及音樂意象聯(lián)想的運(yùn)用是頗為準(zhǔn)確的。

琴譜符號似天書古琴的減字譜，其實是把漢字的部首及偏旁作為符號，把演奏的手法指示縮寫成為譜字。而原來的指法指示，是一句句表達(dá)出來的。換言之，琴譜即用漢字的偏旁把一篇指示演奏的方法縮寫成符號；看起來似漢字，但一般人看不懂，以為是天書！《紅樓夢》亦有相類的描寫（見寶玉看黛玉之琴譜一段）。不懂琴的武林中人誤以為武功秘笈是合理的誤會。其實琴譜主要指示左右手動作的配合，頗有舞蹈成分（學(xué)者榮鴻曾有專文論及），亦多少與武功的劍譜、拳譜相似。由于琴譜乃指法譜，非音高譜，故不能像西方五線譜或簡譜般視奏，而需奏者按譜指示熟練全曲后，不用再看譜摸索，才可正式演奏。所以電影《笑傲江湖》中演令狐沖的許冠杰要證明該譜非武功秘笈《葵花寶典》，寶為琴譜，于是用三統(tǒng)奏出該曲，可見編導(dǎo)對古琴譜及中國器樂實際操作的無知。

拍電視宜理解樂理首先，曲洋與劉正風(fēng)二人合奏《笑傲江湖》，書中之琴簫合奏是古琴傳統(tǒng)中常見的形式，但電影中午馬（劉正風(fēng)）吹的是橫笛，非洞簫，已大有問題。笛有膜，嘹亮的音色與音量定蓋過古琴，故琴不與笛合奏，笛亦為琴人所遠(yuǎn)之器。二人琴簫合奏，亦絕不可能容令狐沖用三弦加入，因三弦若放在琴的傳統(tǒng)美學(xué)中，是被認(rèn)為是低俗的樂器，與橫笛一樣，在音量上定會把古琴淹沒。而在文化觀念上，三弦是不會被接納在琴簫的幽雅傳統(tǒng)中的。這些并不是褒琴而貶簫與三弦，而是歷史上的中國社會確曾出現(xiàn)過這種觀念，說故事要令人信服，應(yīng)求合乎該故事的時代背景；就是今日的中國器樂合奏組合，那有古琴與笛子、三弦的合奏！因音量與音色不相配也。而且彈三弦亦不能視奏古琴譜，因先要譯成音高譜才行。

第二，電影畫面上曲洋彈的是古琴，但聲帶出的是古箏聲音。這種無知的錯誤在港臺古裝電影、電視中屢見不鮮。若懂一點(diǎn)音樂與文學(xué)，則不會如此錯亂！導(dǎo)演或編劇在音樂與畫面上的處理自然有其戲劇及電影上的理由，但這些「成功的」畫像與造假的音響（古琴出古箏的聲音）卻由于電影的賣座已根植于對中國音樂不大了解的觀眾腦海中，其誤導(dǎo)之處，在一般人對中國傳統(tǒng)音樂無知的基礎(chǔ)上，加深了不必要的誤解。外國電影鮮有畫面上出古鍵琴（harpsichord）而在聲帶上放鋼琴（piano）的不專業(yè)做法，大陸電影亦相對地較少出現(xiàn)琴、箏不分，簫、笛相混的情形。如《秦頌》一片，故事自然是虛構(gòu)，但片中的古琴影像與聲帶一致，并無造假與誤導(dǎo)。港產(chǎn)片何時在這方面可達(dá)專業(yè)水平？于此更懷念老一輩的電影工作者如李翰祥、胡金銓的文化修養(yǎng)與識見。

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笑傲江湖

琴蕭合奏

廣陵散