第一篇：高考英語二輪考點復習講義 閱讀理解 科普知識與現代技術

2013高考英語二輪考點復習講義：閱讀理解-科普知識與現代

技術

2.這種科普文章多為說明文，要求考生根據上下文語境邏輯推斷其指代對象。解題時應認真分析動作轉換背景，區分動作不同執行者，從而準確判斷代詞的正確指代；判斷正確的流程順序、正確的生產方法、正確的機械配制。解題時一定要認真閱讀分析發明創造誕生過程和工藝流程過程的介紹，以提高理解準確率。分析備選項時應對照原文介紹情況，以便最終做出正確判斷。

3.著重揭示自然界潛在奧秘，多解釋性、定義性、說明性長句，甚至可能會出現多種從句疊現的現象，因此說明文時同學們一定要保持冷靜，始終以平靜的心態閱讀原文，解答試題。同時應認真分析長句句子結構和邏輯關系，這樣才能對其做出準確理解。

4.科普文章因為其內容的客觀性，所以作者的態度也往往采取中立。一般用言簡意賅的文字介紹、解釋事理。一般來說，都寫得條理分明，有一定的說明順序和說明方法。

5.科普文的第一句通常為主題句，開宗明義、點明全文要說明的對象，如上所述，說明文的行文方式有其特點，即主要有比較、對照和分類幾種格式，每篇短文以一種為主，有時幾種兼用。

6.我們同時還要注意一些關于如何培養、知道學生、孩子的科普意識的建議方面的文章。·鏈接高考

鏈接1.（2012山東卷）

For those who are tired of doing the laundry, Samsung has found an answer: a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).Strange though it may seem—“my wife already does that“ was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show(CES)this week-Samsung is just one of many appliance make* racing to install(安裝)a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them ”smart.“ Last year, it was a refrigerator that tweeted.This year, it's Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.The washers and dryers, available starting in the spring, connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application.The phone can then be used a remote control, so

the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.Samsung says it's not just something new-the app connection actually has some practical uses.”If you started to dry clothes in the moving and forgot to take them out, you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home, so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.The company also says that with electricity rates(電價)varying depending on the time of day, more control over when the machines are used can help save money.Perhaps, but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do—enable laziness.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done, users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.72.What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES? A.The machine will be a big success.B.Their wives like doing the laundry.C.The machine is unrelated to their life.D.This kind of technology is familiar to them.73.What can we learn about the new laundry machines? A.They can tell you when your clothes need washing.B.They can be controlled with a smartphone.C.They are difficult to operate.D.They are sold at a low price.74.We can conclude from Samsung's statements that.A.the app connection makes life easier B.it is better to dry clothes in the morning C.smartphones can shorten the drying time D.we should refresh clothes back at home 75.What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A.The laundry should be frequently checked.B.Lazy people like using such machines.C.Good technologies also cause problems.D.Television may help do the laundry.鏈接2.（2012安徽卷）

In Asia, there are special competitions where kites have complex designs and are fitted with instruments that make musical sounds as the wind blows through them.Although all kites have a similar structure（結構）, they are widely different in size and shape.Kite-fighting competitions are also held, in which competitions us their kites to attack and bring down their opponents’（對手）kites or cut their strings（線）.For more than 15 years, the Big Wind Kite Factory has been giving kite-making and kite flying classes for the children on an island in Hawaii.In its kite-making lessons, students can make kites in as little as 20 minutes!Children as young as four years old can learn how to fly a kite.Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.their kites are made of nylon（尼龍）.Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.The designs are cut out of the nylon with a hot knife that seals the edges and then fastened directly onto the kite.The kite that is used to give lessons is regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern.The difference between this kite and the ones they make during the lessons is that it is a two-string controllable kite.Big Wind employees fly the kite and for a few minutes show students how pulling on one line and then on the other controls the direction the kite goes in.Then the controls are given to the students Jonathan insists that it is not necessary to make a huge impressive kite to have fun making and flying kites.Even the simplest structure can work, and can give hours of fun.Go on, give it a try!68.Which of the following is true according to the text? A.A hot knife is used to iron the nylon.B.Children never fly kites on their own in flying lessons.C.Kite strings must not be cut in kite-fighting competitions.D.Daphne designs kites for the Big Wind Kite Factory.69.What is different about the kite used for flying lessons? A.It has two strings.B.It is simple in design C.It has a rainbow pattern.D.It is shaped like a diamond.70.According to Jonathan ,what do you need to have fun with kites? A.A large kite.B Any type of kite.C.A complex structure.D.A kite that impresses others.71.What is mainly described in the text? A.A kite factory

B.Kite-flying lessons.C.Special competitions.D.The kite-making Process.【考點】日常生活類—科技說明文

【文章大意】。本文講的是由Jonathan和他的妻子組建的 the Big Wind Kite Factory的制造的各種各樣的飛機和Jonathan給孩子們傳授制造各種各樣的飛機的課。68.【答案】D 【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Jonathan Socher and his wife Daphne started the kite factory in 1980.their kites are made of nylon（尼龍）.Their designs are Hawaiian themes created by Daphne.”可知D項正確。【難度】較難

鏈接3（2012安徽卷）

Welcome to your future life!You get up in the morning and look into the mirror.Your face is firm and young-looking.In 2035, medical technology is better than ever.Many people your age could live to be 150,so at 40, you’re not old at all.And your parents just had an anti-aging(抗衰老的)treatment.Now, all three of look the same age!You say to your shirt , ”Turn red.” It changes from blue to red.In 2035, “smart clothes” contain particles(粒子)much smaller than the cells in your body.The particles can be programmed to change clothes’ color or pattern.You walk into the kitchen.You pick up the milk ,but a voice says ,” You shouldn’t drink that!” Your fridge has read the chip(芯片)that contains information about the milk , and it Knows the milk is old.In 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.It’s time to go to work.In 2035, cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.On the way , you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve.Such “smart technology” is all around you.75.What is the text mainly about? A.Food and clothing in 2035.B.Future technology in everyday life.C.Medical treatments of the future.D.The reason for the success of new technology.【考點】科幻類—說明文

【文章大意】。本文講的是對未來的生活吃，穿，住，工作等的描述。72.【答案】D 【試題解析】文章的第二段“The particles can be programmed to change clothes’ color or pattern.”可知答案。【難度】一般 73.【答案】C 【試題解析】段落大意題。根據文章第四段所講的，當到廚房的時候，牛奶過期了，會有電子信息告訴你不能吃了。故選C項。【難度】一般 74.【答案】D 【試題解析】根據“It’s time to go to work.In 2035, cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car” where to go.”可知D項正確。【難度】一般 75.【答案】B 【試題解析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“For new technology to succeed,”和后面的the internet 可知下一段將要講的是科技。故選B項。

【難度】一般

·專項訓練

A Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist ? Robert Hooke was all these and more.Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century.In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect, Christopher Wren.Hooke’s early education began at home, under the guidance of his father.③He entered Westminster School at the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England.Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments.In 1662, at the age of 28, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating new experiments at the society’s weekly meetings.Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!him in appreciation of his services to this branch of science.1.We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Hooke is ____.A.friendly B.sociable C.creative D.helpful 2.Why possibly did Hooke accept the job as Curator of Experiments? A.Because his parents couldn’t afford his education.B.Because his family needed his support.C.Because he wanted to please the famous scientists in England.D.Because he liked designing experiments.3.The cell got its name because of ____.A.its use B.its shape C.Hooke’s favorites D.Hooke’s experiences 4.The last paragraph is to prove that ____.A.Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century B.Hooke was good at making discoveries C.Hooke’s contributions were not limited to one filed D.Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers 5.The best title for the text may be ____.A.The Greatest Scientist B.A Helper of Newton C.A Brief Introduction to Hooke D.Achievements of Hooke B Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them.Helping them enjoy science can be easy;there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.You only have to share your children’s curiousness.Firstly ,listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of seven year olds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence.Finally I said,“Now that we’re finished with your lists ,do you have questions of your own about science?” 

After a long pause, a boy raised his hand,“Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache.Why?” 

This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly ,give them time to think.④Studies over the past 30 years have shown that ,after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think.When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more ,children give more logical , complete and creative answers.

Thirdly, watch your language.Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”.These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over.Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”,or coming up with more questions or ideas.

Never push a child to “Think”.It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to.What’s more ,this can turn a conversation into a performance.The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.

Lastly, show;don’t tell.Real life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大鏡),and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸發),set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

1.According to the passage , children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is ____________. A.to let them see the world around B.to share the children’s curiosity

C.to explain difficult phrases about science D.to supply the children with lab equipment 2.In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced

by ____________. A.any questions B.any problems

C.questions from textbooks D.any number of questions 3.According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults ____________. A.ask them to answer quickly

B.wait for one or two seconds after a question C.tell them to answer the next day

D.wait at least for three seconds after a question 4.In which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion? A.The second and third.B.The fourth and fifth. C.The fifth and sixth.D.The seventh.5.The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity except that adults should ____________. A.tell their children stories instead of reciting(背誦)facts B.offer their children chances to see things for themselves C.be patient enough when their children answer questions D.encourage their children to ask questions of their own 

C Why does eating feel so good? The secret may lie in the head, not in the stomach, US researchers reported.Tests on rats show that the appetite hormone Ghrelin(釋放激素釋放肽)acts on pleasure receptors(感受器)in the brain.The findings may help researchers develop better diet drags.“In mice and rats, Ghrelin excites the same neurons(神經細胞)as delicious food, that is, neurons that provide the feeling of pleasure and the expectation of reward,” the researchers write in the Journal of Clinical Investigation.“These neurons are located in a region of the brain known as the ventral tegmental area(VTA),“ wrote the researchers, headed by Dr.Tamas Horvath of the Yale University School of Medicine in Connecticut.Horvath's team found that Ghrelin, which is only discovered in the last decade, acts on a molecular structure on brain cells called the growth hormone secret receptor or GHSR for short.⑤When Ghrelin was put into this area of the rats' brains, they ate as hungrily as they did after being kept hungry overnight, the researchers said.Ghrelin is produced in the gut(腸道)and causes the brain to promote eating.Several hormones are known to be involved in eating and appetite, and studies have shown that influencing them can affect weight gain in rats and mice.Influencing human eating behavior has proven far more difficult, however.Horvath said it might be possible to design a drag that interferes with GHSR and thus help people with eating disorders.1.Which is the best title for this passage? A.Eating Addiction Is All in the Head B.Researchers Finds Secrets of the Brain C.Hormones Explain Eating Habits D.Researchers Develop Better Diet Drags-2.According to the passage, GHSR _________.A.is one kind of hormones B.is a pleasure receptor in the brain C.lies in the gut D.causes eating disorders 3.What's the possible application findings? A.To control the weight of mice and rats.B.To analyze hormones in animals.C.To make healthy diets for humans D.To develop better diet drugs.4.The underlined words ”interferes with" in the last paragraph probably means “_________”.A.turns down B.results in C.acts on D.goes with 5.According to the reported study, which of the following is TRUE? A.Several hormones affect weight gain in rats and mice.B.Ghrelin acts On GHSR.C.It's difficult for hormones to influence human eating behavior.D.Only ghrelin can cause the feeling of pleasure.·答案速遞

4.C 歸納題。根據問題的內容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。

5.A 推斷題。從第四段排除C；從文章前三段的內容排除D；從第七段排除B。從而可推知

答案為A。

C篇：本文大意：研究發現，老鼠的食欲受特定腦細胞的控制，這一發現有助于人類研制保健藥品。

1.A。從本文的主題句(見第一段第一、二句)可知，A項標題最具針對性。2.B。根據第三段并結合第一段第三句可知，B項正確。

3.D。從第一段最后一句和最后一段可知，該項研究發現的可能性應用是研制保健藥品，故選D。

4.C。猜測詞義題。借助于第三段可知正確答案為C項。

5.B。倒數第二段中所提及的情況為以往的研究發現，與本文報道中討論的研究無關，故可排除A和C；D項是對第二段第一句的錯誤理解；B項內容符合第三段中所述事實。

·黃金表達

①It can take five hours to go west-east from New York(NY)to London but seven hours to travel east-west from London to NY.由西向東從紐約到倫敦乘坐飛機花5個小時，而由西到東從倫敦到紐約卻要花費7個小時。

②In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials.在不遠的將來，他們希望能夠提高電池的功率，縮小它的體積，并且能試著用原料。

③He entered Westminster School at the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England.他在13歲的時候進入維斯敏斯特學校就讀，然后從那兒去了牛津大學，就是你在那兒她得以和一些當時英國最好的科學家進行接觸。

④Studies over the past 30 years have shown that ,after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think.通過近三十年的研究表明，問了一個問題后，成年人具有代表性地都是等1秒鐘甚至更少就要得到答案，而不是給孩子們時間去思考。

⑤When Ghrelin was put into this area of the rats' brains, they ate as hungrily as they did after being kept hungry overnight, the researchers said.研究人員說，當把釋放激素釋放肽放到老鼠大腦的這個區域，它們就會像被餓了一整夜的那樣狼吞虎咽。·單詞百寶箱

atmospheric adj.大氣的;大氣中的

Atmospheric conditions often prevent observation of stars.大氣的情況常使人們無法觀察那樣星星。

devices n.裝置,設備,器具

變化。

promote vt.提升；促進

The organization works to promote friendship between nations.該組織旨在促進各國之間的友誼。

appetite n.胃口,食欲

Sudden decrease in appetite is sometimes a sign of illness.食欲突然減退有時是生病的征兆。

第二篇：浙江省2016高考英語二輪復習科普知識閱讀理解

科普知識閱讀理解（1）

科普知識（閱讀理解）由(2012山東,D)改編

For those who are tired of doing the laundry,Samsung has found an answer:a washing machine that can tell you when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).Strange though it may seem—“my wife already does that”was a common response among attendees viewing the device when it was introduced at the Consumer Electronics Show(CES)this week—Samsung is just one of many appliance makers racing to install(安裝)a large number of internet-connected features in machines in an effort to make them “smart”.Last year,it was a refrigerator that tweeted.This year,it’s Wi-Fi-enabled laundry machines and fridges that can tell you when your groceries are going bad.The washers and dryers,available starting in the spring,connect to any smartphone through a downloadable application.The phone can then be used as a remote control,so the machines can be turned on and off while their owner is at work or on the bus.Samsung says it’s not just something new—the app connection actually has some practical uses.“If you started to dry clothes in the morning and forgot to take them out,you can go to your phone and restart your dryer for the time when you come home,so your clothes are refreshed and ready to go,” said spokesperson Amy Schmidt.The company also says that with electricity rates(電價)varying depending on the time of day,more control over when the machines are used can help save money.Perhaps,but what they will probably really accomplish is what all good technologies do—enable laziness.Rather than getting up to check on whether the laundry is done,users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.1.What can be inferred from the common response of the attendees at the CES?()A.The machine will be a big success.B.Their wives like doing the laundry.C.The machine is unrelated to their life.D.This kind of technology is familiar to them.2.What can we learn about the new laundry machines?()A.They can tell you when your clothes need washing.B.They can be controlled with a smartphone.C.They are difficult to operate.D.They are sold at a low price.3.We can conclude from Samsung’s statements that

.A.the app connection makes life easier B.it is better to dry clothes in the morning C.smartphones can shorten the drying time D.we should refresh clothes back at home 4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?()A.The laundry should be frequently checked.B.Lazy people like using such machines.C.Good technologies also cause problems.D.Television may help do the laundry.語篇解讀:本文屬于科普知識類。對于那些討厭洗衣服的人來說,Samsung為他們找到了解決辦法:一種智能洗衣機可以通過靈巧的手機來控制,使得生活更加便利,但是好的技術同樣會產生問題。

答案及剖析:1.D 事實細節題。第二段提到,出席產品展銷會的人員說“my wife already does that”,這是他們對新型智能洗衣機的普遍反應。由此可知,他們都非常熟悉智能洗衣機的操作流程,故選D。

2.B 事實細節題。根據第一段“...when your laundry is done via a smartphone app(application).”可得出答案。

3.A 推理判斷題。文章第六段提到,如果你早晨甩干的衣服忘記拿出來了,你可以拿出手機重啟烘干機,這樣你的衣服就煥然一新了。由此可以推斷出這種新型洗衣機給生活帶來了便利。

4.C 主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“...enable laziness.Rather than...users will instead monitor it on their phones while watching TV.”可知,先進的技術同樣會帶來問題,故選C。【疑難詞匯解讀】

from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively.Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate—making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently.Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese’s inability to face it.Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy.Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available.“Most patients in China just don’t get help，”a Chinese doctor says.“In my hospital，I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say ‘Hello，how do you feel？’”

In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that they will be stricken_off_the_rolls.“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it.Because they feel the most secure about themselves，” an American doctor says.Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment.1．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression.B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work.C．Depression is a commonly-existing problem only in rich countries.D．The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression.2．Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be________.A．very unconfident and often absent-minded B．easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks C．working efficiently and productively D．either weak or lazy 3．Depression becomes more serious in China because of________.A．the understanding of the problem B．the lack of treatment and doctors C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss D．the doctors’ careless work 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists.5A．Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.B．Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.C．It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.D．It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.4．What does the text focus on? A．Dreams and memories.C．The benefits of dreams.B．Dreams and emotions.D．The patterns of dreams.5．In which part of a magazine can this text be found? A．Entertainment.C．Science.語篇解讀 本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了夢的好處，即可以改善學習和情緒。

1．解析： 推理判斷題。根據第二段可知，為了證實夢對學習有幫助，Robert Stickgold做了這次實驗，而實驗結果表明選手的技能有所提高，根據本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，夢對學習各種技能都是有幫助的，故選B。答案： B 2．解析： 細節理解題。根據第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions(情緒)．”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，夢有助于改善心情，故選C。答案： C 3．解析： 細節理解題。根據最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者認為關于我們為什么會做夢的解釋不止一個，但也沒必要非要有一個解釋。答案： D 4．解析： 主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要說明了夢的好處：有助于改善學習和情緒。答案： C 5．解析： 推理判斷題。根據文章主旨可知，文章是關于夢的科學研究方面的知識，所以最可能在雜志的有關科學的欄目里找到此文章，故選C。答案：C。

B．Tourism.D．Advertisement.

第三篇：2016湖南株洲縣高考英語二輪復習閱讀理解練習

湖南株洲縣2016高考英語閱讀理解二輪練習（5）

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。

Most young people enjoy some forms of physical activity.It may be walking, cycling, or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing.It may be a game of some forms—football, basketball, hockey, golf or tennis.It may be mountaineering.Those who have a passion of climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment.Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks in high mountains? This astonishment is caused, probably, by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.Mountaineering is a sport and not a game.There are no man-made rules, as others, as there are for such games as golf and football.There are, of course, rules of different kinds which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people.Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “team game”.We should be mistaken in this.There are, it is true, no “ matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man.He has to fight the forces of nature.His sport requires high mental and physical qualities.A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year by year.A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty.But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps.They may take more time than younger men, but they perhaps climb with more skills and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.1

【文章大意】本文敘述了登山運動的獨特之處以及登山運動員所要戰勝的困難。登山運動員不遵循一些人為的規則，而是自由的用自己的方法來攀登，因此登山屬于一種運動而不是一種比賽。登山運動員不僅要戰勝內心的強迫意識而且要戰勝自然界的力量。46.What sports are popular among people in winter in the passage? A.Soccer and golf.B.Skiing and skating.C.Cycling and hockey.D.Mountaineering.【答案】B 【 解析】細節理解題。根據or in winter, skating or skiing.可知冬季人們喜愛的運動有滑雪和滑冰。故選B 47.The underlined word “passion” in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by ______.A.strong emotion B.good way C.better feeling D.enough affection 【答案】A 【 解析】詞義猜測題。根據willing to suffer cold and hardship and to take risks in high mountains可知登山運動員愿意遭受寒冷和辛苦，冒險登山需要的是很強的熱情和激情。故選A 48.Mountaineering is a sport, not a game because_______.A.it has man-made rules B.it is too dangerous for climbers C.it can’t bring people joy or leisure D.it is free for climbers to use their own methods 【答案】D 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.可知登山運動員不遵循一些人為的規則，而是自由的用自己的方法來攀登，因此登山屬于一種運動而不是一種比賽。故選D。

49.We know from the passage that _______.A.mountaineering has no appeal for people B.physical quality is more important than mental one for climbers C.a mountain climber passes his best by the age of thirty D.it is possible for an old man of fifty or sixty to climb the Alps 【答案】D 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據But it is not unusual for men of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps.可知50歲或60歲的男人攀登最高山阿爾卑斯山是很常見的，是有可能的。故選D。

50.What is the best title for the passage? A.Sports in winter B.Team work in climbing C.Mountaineering D.The quality for mountaineering 【答案】C 【 解析】標題歸納題。全文圍繞著登山運動的獨特之處，以及登山運動員需要戰勝的困難，可知本文主要講的是登山運動。故選C。

閱讀理解.Why play games? Because they are fun, and a 1ot more besides.Following the rules?planning your next move...acting as a team member?these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek.Such games are entertaining and fun.But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating(合作).3

Many children’s games have a practical side Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups.For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones.Which sharpens the hand-eye coordination（協調）needed in hunting.Many sports encourage national or local pride.The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition.People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it.For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.Sports are also an event that unites people.Soccer is the most popular sport in the world.People on all continents play it—some for fun and some for a living.Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer.He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.()1.Through playing hide-and-seek, children are expected to learn to ________.A.be a team leader B.obey the basic rules C.act as a grown-up D.predict possible danger 41.B.細節理解題。根據第一段中Following the rules?planning your next move...acting as a team member?these are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.可知B項正確。

()2.The underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably means that games can________.A.describe life in an exciting way B.turn real-life experiences into a play C.make learning life skills more interesting D.change people’s views of sporting events

42.C.詞義猜測題。這部分前面的謂語動詞是translate有“翻譯，解釋，轉移，調動”的意思，該部分后面有一個定語從句，前后結合就可以理解這部分的意思了。

()3.According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging? A.It inspires people’s deep love for the country.B.It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.C.It helps the country out of natural disasters.D.It earns the winners fame and fortune.43.A.細節理解題。根據第四段中的People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it.可知A項正確。

()4.Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to _______.A.bring fun to poor kids B.provide soccer balls for children C.give poor kids a chance for a better life D.appeal to soccer players to help poor kids 44.C.推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.可推出C項是正確的。()5.What can be inferred from the passage? A.Gamed benefit people all their lives.B.Sports can get all athletes together.C.People are advised to play games for fun.D.Sports increase a country’s competitiveness.45.A.推理判斷題。整段分析做游戲的好處，不僅兒童、成人也可以玩游戲。由此可以推斷有些對人終身有益。

閱讀理解.In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil.I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am recommending to my mother.Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did.Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one.“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.” I say to her, walking bank into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil.“You still use a pencil.Can’t you afford a pen?” My mother replies a little sharply.“It works perfectly well.I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen.I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.”

Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently.My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty.One of the children must have taken the paper.So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back.It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”

This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is, as a gifted mathematician.I feel embarrassed that I complain about not having enough child-free time to work.Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards.Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics.Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal.()1.Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen? A.To leave messages.B.To list her everyday tasks.C.To note down maths problems.D.To write down a flash of inspiration.()2.What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand? A.It has great value for the family.B.It needs to be replaced by a better one.C.It brings her back to her lonely childhood.D.It should be passed on to the next generation.()3.The author feels embarrassed for _________ A.blaming her mother wrongly.B.giving her mother a lot of trouble.C.not making good use of time as her mother did.D.not making any breakthrough in her field.()4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.The mother is successful in her career.B.The family members like traveling.C.The author had little time to play when young.D.The marks on the breadboard have disappeared.()5.In the author’s mind ,her mother is____ A.strange in behavior.B.keen on her research.C.fond of collecting old things.D.careless about her appearance.本篇文章為記敘文。主要講述“我”的母親總是習慣實用廚房里的記事本和鉛筆。50年過去了，換了 5 所房子，可母親的習慣沒有改變，卻更熱衷于此。我突然意識到母親是位天才的數學家。

46.D細節理解題。根據第四段第三句 never knew when I might want to note down an idea, “and I was always in the kitchen in those days”可知作者母親隨時在存放的記事本上記錄自己的想法，故選 D 項。

47.B 推理判斷題。根據第三段作者說的“I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these years.”“Can’t you afford a pen”可知作者態度，是在反問母親，想讓母親用更好的筆和記事本，故選B

48.C 細節理解題，根據第五段第二句“I fell embarrassed that T complain about not having enough child-free time to work”可判斷選C項

49.A 推理判斷題。根據最后一段內容，可知我意識到母親的成功，她是天才數學家，母親充分利用了廚房里的記事本寫下數學，以及她對我的影響，由此判斷選A 50.B細節理解題。根據第五段第二句母親的話““One day I was cooking and watching baby ?It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.”可知，作者的母親很熱衷于自己的發現，由此判斷選B

閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。When times get tough, we all look for ways to cut back.When we’re hungry, we eat at home instead of going out.We take buses instead of taxis.And we wear our old designer jeans just a few months longer.With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.One cost-cutting proposal is to allow college students to get a bachelor’s degree in three years instead of four.Educational institutions have been actively exploring ways to make the learning process more efficient.But there’s a question: Would the quality of undergraduate education suffer? Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.I doubt that mainstream North American colleges will carry out a three-year curriculum(課程)any time soon.For one thing, most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits.In addition, at famous universities, the committee who determine which courses are required and which courses are electives are unlikely to suddenly “throw out” one quarter of the required credits.Professors will resist “diluting(稀釋)” the quality of the education they offer.In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education.A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major.It is not a good idea to water down education, any more than it’s not a good idea to water down medicine.If we want to help students find their way through university, we should help them understand early on what knowledge and skills they need to have upon graduation.We should allow students to test out of as many courses as possible.We should give them a chance to earn money as interns(實習生)in meaningful part-time jobs that relate to their university studies, such as the five-year co-op program at Northeastern University.【文章大意】本文敘述了大學教育是否要削減時間，由四年制改為三年制。雖然許多美國大學沒有正式的贊同三年制的教育模式，但是在美國大多數大學，有些優秀大學生可以提前畢業。作者認為四年制的大學教育質量比三年制的更優越，學生可以利用充足的時間在所主修的專業和領域變得越來越熟練。

51.Which of the following can be the best title? A.It’s time to shorten the learning process B.Best learning takes place over time C.University education should be watered down D.College education calls for reform 【答案】B 【 解析】標題歸納題。根據A college education requires sufficient time for a student to become skilled in their major and do coursework in fields outside their major.可知作者認為大學教育要求學生利用充足的時間在所主修的專業和領域變得熟練，也就是要求最好的學習需要充足的時間。故選B 52.We can learn from the passage that ________.A.most American universities are against the “three-year degree” model B.many famous US universities are considering adopting the “three-year degree” model

C.professors are willing to accept the “three-year degree” model D.The “three-year degree” model can make college learning more efficient 【答案】A 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據Few US universities have formally approved a “three-year degree” model.可知幾乎沒有美國大學正式的贊同三年制的教育模式。故選A。

53.In most US universities，________.A.college students are offered the co-op program B.electives’ credits make up one quarter of the required credits C.all students are required to finish four-year education before graduation D.some excellent students can graduate ahead of time 【答案】D 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據most universities already allow highly qualified students to graduate early by testing out of certain classes and obtaining a number of college credits.可知在美國大多數大學，有些優秀大學生可以提前畢業。故選D。54.We can infer that________.A.the author is a college professor B.the author thinks the cost of a university education is too high for people to afford C.the author considers the university education quality very important D.the author pays special attention to the all-round development of college students 【答案】C 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據In my opinion, a quality four-year education is always superior to a quality three-year education.可知作者認為四年制的大學教育質量比三年制的更優越，從中可推斷作者認為大學的教育質量非常重要。故選C 55.The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．

A.explanation B.definition C.introduction D.comment 【答案】C 【 解析】推理判斷題。根據With college expenses at all-time highs, high school students are eager to do anything to cut the cost of a university education.可知全額的滿時的高校學生渴望削減大學教育成本，由此導入下文的大學教育是否要削減時間。因此第一段起到了導入，介紹的作用。故選C。

第四篇：XX高考二輪復習英語教案閱讀理解

XX高考二輪復習英語教案閱讀理解

XX高考二輪復習英語教案專題十九閱讀理解【專題要點】閱讀理解題考查的不僅是考生對整篇的把握能力，還考查了他們快速撲捉信息、準確理解特定細節以及復雜句子的能力；考生不僅要理解表層意義，更重要的是要通過的表層去合理判斷、挖掘的隱含意義、延伸意義。這是對考生能力、智力、心理的一個綜合檢驗。具體要點如下：1主旨大意類；2細節理解類；3推理判斷類；4詞義猜測類；觀點態度類等五大要點。【考綱要求】考綱對考生閱讀能力的要求：1．要求考生能讀懂一般性話題，且生詞率不超過2％的簡短文字材料，如公告、說明、廣告以及書、報、雜志中的簡短。2．要求考生能夠做到以下幾點：理解主旨大意；尋讀具體信息；識別不同文體特征；根據上下文提供的語境推測生詞詞義；作出簡單的判斷和推理；理解文段的基本邏輯結構；理解作者的意圖和態度；理解文段的文化信息。新標對對高中英語閱讀技能的要求：1能識別不同文體特征；2能通過分析句子結構理解難句和長句；3能理解閱讀材料中不同的觀點和態度；4能根據學習任務的需要從多種媒體中獲取信息并進行加工處理；除教材外，外閱讀量累計達到30萬詞以上。【教法指引】教師在引導學生突破閱讀理解題時可以從高考命題方向和該題選材特點對學生進行訓練，在訓練中點撥技巧，在訓練中提高考生的綜合運用能力。具體說：1閱讀理解作為高考英語中最重要的一種題型，題量最大，所占分值也最多。此類題型是全面檢測考生接受書面信息和反饋能力的重要標尺。高考閱讀理解要求考生在3分鐘左右的時間內，完成對4～篇短文的閱讀理解并作出解答。用來考查考生的以下幾種能力：1）考查考生綜合運用語言的能力；2）考查考生的英語思維能力和社會文化意識；3）考查考生辨認、捕捉和歸納細節信息，并通過字面意思對中心思想、作者的寫作目的、意圖、態度以及的行文特點進行合理推斷的能力；4）考查考生的閱讀速度與詞匯量。近些年來，高考英語閱讀理解著重檢測考生對語篇的整體把握能力、根據所提供的語境進行語篇分析的能力以及綜合利用有效信息解決實際問題的能力。在近幾年的高考中，涉及較低能力要求的事實性和細節性的考題雖仍是考查重點，但詞義猜測、推理判斷和主旨概括等深層次試題也占很大比重。2．高考閱讀理解中的選材特點：1)所選材料均于實際生活，其內容與社會現實保持較高的一致性，強調了語篇選材的真實性，具有鮮明的時代感。行文表達常使用比較正式的書面語言；2）語篇題材分布比較均勻，題材豐富多樣。閱讀語篇包括記敘文、說明文、議論文和應用文等文體。內容涵蓋日常生活、人物、社會、文化、史地、科技、政治、環保、經濟等諸多領域的熱點、焦點問題。3）高考閱讀理解持續保持較大的閱讀量，要求考生在特定語篇中有目的地獲取信息。另外試題材料含有較高的詞匯量，增加了試題的信息含量，體現了新標的理念。一般4-篇閱讀題閱讀詞匯量控制在1000詞左右；4）閱讀材料的原汁原味越來越濃厚，體現了現代英語的特點，閱讀材料的文化含量加大，的行文風格更具英語語言的特點，的遣詞造句也更加地道，許多考生通常要反復閱讀才能讀懂。3點撥閱讀技巧，在練中領悟，領悟中訓練，技巧能力并進。

第五篇：高考英語二輪復習閱讀理解專項限時訓練[29]

高考英語二輪復習專項限時訓練·閱讀理解（二十九）

A

No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed”, until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student.Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for reading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation” of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once.Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward.But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it, if there isn’t time for both.I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry.Poetry is “ a criticism of life”, and “ a heightening(提升)of life”.It is “an approach to the truth of feeling”, and it “can save your life”.It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry.Those who don’t like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else.But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.1.To have a better understanding of a poem, one should________.A.discuss it with othersB.analyze it by oneself

C.copy it down in a notebookD.practise reading it aloud

2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of poetry?

A.Extending your lifeB.Saving your life

C.Criticizing lifeD.Heightening life

3.According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students________.A.to understand life.B.to enjoy poetry.C.to become teachers.D.to become poets

4.What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?

A.More stress should be laid on the teaching of poetry.B.Poetry is more important than any other subject.C.One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry

D.Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses

5.The phrase “make room” in the last paragraph could be best replaced by

A.“build a booth”B.“provide equipment”

C.“leave a certain amount of time”D.“set aside enough space”

B

Reading to oneself is a modern activity which was almost unknown to the learned in the early days of the history, while during the fifteenth century the term “reading” undoubtedly meant reading aloud.Only during the nineteenth century did silent reading become popular.One should be careful, however, of supposing that silent reading came about simply because reading aloud is distraction（分散注意力）to others.Examination of reasons connected with the historical development of silent reading shows that it became the usual mode of reading for most adult reading tasks mainly because the tasks themselves changed in character.The last century saw a gradual increase in literacy（讀寫能力）and thus in the number of readers.As readers increased, so the number of listeners dropped, and thus there was some reduction in the need to read aloud.As reading for the benefit of listeners grew less common, so came the popularity of reading as a private activity in such public places as libraries, trains and offices, where reading aloud would disturb other readers in a way.Towards the end of the century there was still heated argument over whether books should be used for information or treated respectfully, and over whether the reading of material such as newspapers was in some way mentally weakening.Indeed this argument remains with us still in education.However, whatever its advantages are, the old shared literacy culture had gone and was replaced by the printed mass media on the one hand and by books and magazines for a specialized readership on the other.By the end of t he century students were being advised to have some new ideas of books and to use skills in reading them which were not proper, if not impossible, for the oral reader.The social, cultural, and technological developments in the century had greatly changed what the term

“reading” referred to.6.Why was reading aloud common before the nineteenth century?

A.Because silent reading had not been discovered.B.Because there were few places for private reading.C.Because few people could read for themselves.D.Because people depended on reading for enjoyment.7.The development of silent reading during the nineteenth century showed_______.A.a change in the position of literate people

B.a change in the nature of reading

C.an increase in the number of books

D.an increase in the average age of readers

8.Educationalists are still arguing about__________.A.the importance of silent reading

B.the amount of information provided by books and newspapers

C.the effects of reading on health

D.the value of different types of reading material

9.What is the writer of this passage attempting to do?

A.To explain how present day reading habits developed.B.To change people’s way to read.C.To show how reading methods have improved.D.To encourage the growth of reading.C

Sherlock Holmes is considered by many people as the greatest detective in fictional literature.He is, in fact, more famous than his own creator, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.In the popular series of stories, Holmes is described as “tall and lean, pope-smoking, always in his cape and speaks in a splendid manner”.Doyle gave Holmes’ address as 221-B Baker Street, London, and to this day some visitors to London still go to Baker Street to search for 221-B.Of course, there never was really any such address.Holmes’ flat was supposed to be shared by the lovable, but sometimes clumsy Doctor Watson who went around with Holmes trying to solve crimes before Holmes did.Poor Dr Watson lost out to Holmes every time.Doyle gave Holmes a masterly skill of deduction---the ability to come up with interesting conclusion from the simplest clues found at the scene of a crime.Doyle said that the description of Holmes was modeled on one of his lecturers at Edinburgh University where he studied medicine.That man was Dr Joseph Bell.Sherlock Holmes first appeared in Doyle’s A Study in Scarlet published in 1887.Holmes was so loved by all that when his author killed him off in one of his stories, readers wrote in anger to complain.They refused to allow Holmes to die!Holmes was brought back to “life” and appeared in further stories.The stories of Sherlock Holmes have been reprinted many times ever since then.Today we can watch Holmes at work on cinema and television screens as well as on stage.10.Sherlock Holmes was________.A.the greatest detective who ever lived

B.Dr Joseph Bell

C.Arthur Conan Doyle

D.only a character made up by Arthur Conan Dolye

11.Dr Watson was________.A.tall and learn

B.lovable but always clumsy

C.lovable but sometimes clumsy

D.lovable and never clumsy

12.Holmes was supposed to have lived_______.A.with Dr WatsonB.with Dr Joseph Bell

C.with the greatest detectiveD.with Doyle

13.Doyle made up the description of Holmes_______.A.from his own imagination

B.based on a famous London doctor

C.based on Dr Joseph Bell at Edinburgh University

D.based on a model of Holmes

答案與解析

1.D 根據第一段內容可知答案。

2.AB、C、D三個選項在文章中第三段都提到了。

3.B 根據文章中第三段第二句話I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry.可知答案。

4.A 結合本段主題及It also deserves a place …more central than it presently occupies.可知答案。

5.C 根據第三段第一句話I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing” it, if there isn’t time for both.及in the classroom(在課堂上)可知答案。

6.C從文中第三段的前兩句可以看出。

7.B 從最后一段可找到答案。

8.D 文中第四段的第一句話作了明確說明。

9.A 作者寫此文的目的正是向我們說明現代的閱讀習慣是如何變化的、發展的。

10.D 從第一段前兩句話可知：Holmes(福爾摩斯）被公認為是虛構文學中最偉大的偵探家，事實上他比他的創作者Arthur Conan Doyle 先生還出名，由此可知Holmes是Arthur Conan Doyle 筆下虛構的一個人物形象。

11.B 由第一段倒數第二句話可知：福爾摩斯和很可愛但有時難免笨拙的華倫醫生住在一起。華倫醫生伴隨福爾摩斯左右并試圖在福爾摩斯之前破案，但可憐的他每次都輸給福爾摩斯。由此可知答案。

12.A 由第一段倒數第二句可知在小說中Holmes即福爾摩斯被安排和華倫醫生住在一起，故選A。

13.C 由第二段第二句話可知福爾摩斯的原型來源于愛丁堡大學的Joseph Bell 博士。