第一篇：俗語翻譯法

?習語大都具有鮮明代形象，適宜用來比喻事物，因而往往帶有濃厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。不少習語前后對稱，音節優美，韻律協調。由于習語具有這些特點，翻譯時就應當盡量保持這些特點。譯者除了忠實地表達原文習語的意義外，還應盡可能保持原文習語的形象比喻，豐富聯想，修辭效果以及其民族，地方特點等。

? 英語習語就其廣義而言，包括俗語，諺語，俚語等。

?習語的英譯漢有三種主要方法：直譯法，套用法，意譯法，直譯加注法 ? 一，直譯法

? To fight to the last man ? To break the record ? Under one’s nose ? Armed to the teeth ? Packed like sardines ? A die-hard

? An gentleman’s agreement ? An olive branch ? The heel of Achilles ? The open-door policy ? The most-favored-nation ? 血濃于水 ? 吠犬不咬人 ? 滾石不生苔

? 海內存知己，天涯若比鄰 ? 兼聽則明，偏聽則暗

以眼還眼，以牙還牙 引狼入室 自助者天助

千里之行，始于足下

The gift itself may be as light as a feather, but sent from afar, it conveys deep feelings.? A gentleman uses his tongue, not his fists.? Good medicine is bitter in the mouth, but good for the disease.套用法

? 也稱為以習語譯習語

? Constant dripping wears the stone ? 滴水穿石

? To burn one’s boats ? 破釜沉舟

? Walls have ears ? 隔墻有耳

? Many a little makes a mickle ? 積少成多

? Look before you leap ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? 三思而后行

There is no smoke without fire 無風不起浪

謀事在人，成事在天

The burnt child dreads the fire 一朝被蛇咬，十年怕草繩

Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion 寧為雞頭，勿為牛尾

Where there’s a will, there’s a way 有志者，事竟成 殺機取卵

To kill the goose that lays golden eggs 成熱打鐵 緣木求魚

To fish in the air

Don’t wash your dirty linen in public 家丑不可外揚

A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit 吃一塹，長一智

Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings 饑不擇食

Some idioms which exhibit strong national or cultural characteristics can neither be handled by borrowing idioms from the target language nor translated literally because it would cause misunderstanding or could not be easily accepted by native speakers of the other language.In this case, it is necessary to resort to paraphrasing according to the context.To be going from bad to worse;to be deteriorating.To know practically nothing about

What’s done is done, and cannot be undone.Regardless of the consequences To be simply nothing compared to In a turmoil;to be extremely upset A fly on the wheel A bull in a china shop

(an area)flowing with milk and honey By hook or crook

To carry fire in one hand and water in the other hand Every dog had its day

This approach is used when certain idioms, particularly those with historical stories or names involved, can hardly be understood and accepted by the listener, and the translator cannot find their proper equivalents in the target language.If literal translation were used, they would lose their original vividness.殺雞給猴看 ? To kill the chicken to frighten the monkey– to punish somebody as a warning to others.? 班門弄斧

? To show off one’s skill with the axe before Lu Ban the master carpenter-to display one’s slight skill before an expert/ ? To teach your grandma to such eggs ? To offer to teach fish to swim ? 三個臭皮匠賽過諸葛亮

? Three cobblers with their wits combined surpass Zhu geLiang the mastermind-to heads are better than one Principles for translating idioms

? 1.retain the vividness and forceful effect ? 既往不咎

? Let bygones be bygones ? 有錢能使鬼推磨

? Money makes the mare go;money talks ? The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak ? 物以類聚，人以群分

? Birds of a feather flock together ? Once bitten, twice shy ? 2.retain the image

? A stitch in time saves nine

? Man proposes, God/Heaven disposes ? A gentleman uses his tongue, not his fists ? 3.achieve brevity

? The unexpected always happens

? Give him an inch and he will take an ell ? 天網恢恢，疏而不漏 ? Justice has long arms

? To have eyes but fail to see Taishan Mountain? To entertain an angel unawares ? You can’t eat your words ? You can’t break your promise ? You are pulling my leg

? A horse stumbles that has four legs ? He’s leading a dog’s life ? I am dead-beat today ? To take French leave ? A stony heart

? At one’s fingertips

? To have a hand like a foot ? As mute as a fish

? To return good for evil

? To shut one’s eyes against

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? To talk black into white To turn a deaf ear to Practice makes perfect To face the music Plain sailing To be dead drunk Laugh and grow fat To fly into a rage

To look for a needle in a haystack A leap in the dark

To show one’s colors

To make a noise in the world More haste, less speed Neither fish nor flesh To pick holes in

To mind one’s P’s and Q’s

To be at the end of one’s rope To flog a dead horse To turn over a new leaf

To put all one’s eggs in one basket He just had forty winks.His wife held the purse string.You should keep your nose out of here.That night he slept like a top, and woke with his knee of almost normal size.I am not talking about castles in the air-the donkey’s carrot.Mother said, “John, you’re talking through your hat.You’re craze”.His accent gave him away.The Nazis in Berlin became desperate and tried to make hell while the sun was shining.As blind as a bat

As cool as a cucumber

Between the devil and the blue sea To call a spade a spade Now or never

Much cry and little wool With tongue in cheek

To wear one’s heart on one’s sleeve The leopard cannot change its spots

As the touchstone tries gold, so gold tires men.The proof of pudding is in the eating

One cannot make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear.Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.The mills of God grind slowly.He laughs best who laughs last.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ?

Nothing venture, nothing gain.Fish begins to stink at the head.Speech is silver, silence is gold.遠親不如近鄰

Neighbors are dearer than distant relatives/ Neighbors are more helpful than relatives/

a remote kinsfolk is not as good as a near neighbor 情人眼里出西施

Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder/

love sees no fault/

Love blinds a man to imperfections 有緣千里來相會，無緣對面不相逢

Those who are meant to meet will meet even if they are separated by a thousand miles;those who are not meant to meet will not get acquainted even if they brush shoulders with one another.醉翁之意不在酒

Many kiss the baby for the nurse’s sake

The drinker’s heart is not in his cup-he has something else in his mind.天有不測風云，人有旦夕禍福

Storms gather without warning in nature, and bad luck befalls men overnight.The weather and human life are both unpredictable

第二篇：常用俗語的翻譯

常用俗語的翻譯：不可錯過

Idle young, needy old.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。2.Familiarity breeds contempt.虎生猶可近，人熟不堪親。3.Homer sometimes nods.智者千慮，必有一失。4.Art is long;life is short.學海無涯，人生苦短。5.Like father, like son.有其父必有其子。

6.Nothing venture, nothing have.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。7.Accidents will happen.天有不測風云，人有旦夕禍福。8.Bad news travels fast.（好事不出門），壞事傳千里。9.Look before you leap.三思而后行。10.Waste not, want not.細水長流。11.Cast pearls before swine.對牛彈琴。12.Time flies.光陰似箭，日月如梭。13.Seeing is believing.百聞不如一見。14.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。15.Let sleeping dogs lie.勿惹事生非。16.Love is blind.愛是盲目的。17.Health is wealth.健康即財富。18.Haste makes waste.欲速則不達。19.Knowledge is power.知識即力量。

20.Money makes the mare go.有錢能使鬼推磨。21.Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬, 十年怕井繩。22.I think;therefore, I am.我思故我在。23.Murder will out.若要人不知，除非已莫為。24.No cross, no crown.不受苦中苦，難得甜中甜。25.Still waters run deep.深藏不露。26.Walls have ears.隔墻有耳。

27.New brooms sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。28.Let bygones be bygones.既往不究。29.Paddle your own canoe.自力更生。30.Time waits for no man.時不我予。31.Silence is gold.沉默是金。32.Silence gives consent.沉默即同意。

33.First Come, first served.先到是君，后到是臣。（捷足先登。）34.Exchange is no robbery.一個愿打，一個愿挨。35.Better bend than break.委曲求全。36.Care killed a cat.憂能傷人。

37.Spare the rod and spoil the child.不打不成器。玉不琢不成器。38.Time is money.一刻千金。39.Times change.時過境遷。

40.There is no place like home.在家千日好，出門時時難。41.Blood is thicker than water.血濃于水。42.Well begun is half done.好的開始是成功的一半。43.There is honor among thieves.盜亦有道。44.Grasp all, lose all.貪他一斗米，失卻半年糧。45.Easier said than done.說來容易做來難。

46.East or west, home is best.金窩，銀窩，不如自己的狗窩。47.East come, easy go.來得容易去得快。48.Paddle your own canoe.自力更生。49.Patience is a virtue.小不忍而亂大謀。

50.Through hardship to the stars.筍因落籜方成竹，魚因奔波始化龍。51.Danger past, God forgotten.過河拆橋。52.Out of debt, out of danger.無債一身輕。

53.Out of sight, out of mind.離久情疏。眼不見，心不煩。54.Nothing is perfect.山中無直樹，世上無完人。55.Ill weeds grow apace.小人當道。56.Tastes differ.各有所好。

57.Opportunity seldom knocks twice.時機不可失。58.Opportunity makes the thief.財不露白。

59.Never judge by appearances.凡人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。60.Lightly come, lightly go.來得容易去得快。

61.Cast not the first stone.責人之心責己，恕人之心恕人。62.Every cloud has a silver lining。塞翁失馬，焉知非福。

63.Every dog has his day.十年河東，十年河西。（十年河東轉河西，莫笑窮人穿破衣。）

64.It takes two to make a quarrel.一個巴掌拍不響。65.Custom makes all things easy.習慣成自然。66.Never do things by halves.有始有終。67.Beauty is but skin deep.美貌只是皮相。68.Keep something for a rainy day.未雨綢繆。69.Love will find a way.終成眷屬。70.More haste, less speed.欲速則不達。71.We reap what we sow.種瓜得瓜，種豆得豆。72.The pot calls the kettle black.五十步笑百步。73.A watched pot never boils.心急水不沸。74.Make hay while the sun shines.趁熱打鐵。75.Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。76.A stitch in time saves nine.防微杜漸。

77.Man proposes, God disposes.謀事在人，成事在天。（萬般都是命，半點不由人。）78.Might is right.強權即公理。

79.Too many cooks spoil the broth.人多手雜。

80.Two heads are better than one.集思廣益。三個臭皮匠，勝過諸葛亮。81.Prevention is better than cure.預防勝于治療。82.Actions speak louder than words.坐而言不如起而行。83.All’s well that ends well.結尾好的事都是好事。84.The bitter is sometimes bit.害人反害己。85.Extremes meet.物極必反。

86.Every man has his taste.各有所好。87.Nothing comes from nothing.事出必有因。88.Live and learn.活到老學到老。89.In wine there is truth.酒后吐真言。90.Charity begins at home.百善家為先。91.Life is sweet.人生真美。

92.Marriage comes by destiny.姻緣命中注定。93.Any port in a storm.聊勝于無。94.The bait hides the hook.口蜜腹劍。95.Best is cheapest.買貨買得真，折本折得輕。96.The biter is sometimes bit.惡人自有惡人磨。97.The best of friends must part.天下無不散的宴席。98.Bread is the staff of life.人是鐵，飯是剛。99.Brevity is the soul of wit.要言不煩。100.Call a spade a spade.直言不諱。

第三篇：英語諺語俗語翻譯

Part One ? I had only recently seen John in a restaurant.The news of his death came as a bolt from the blue ? She found the keys she had lost last month, which was like a bolt from the blue A bolt from the blue ? Meaning：A complete surprise, like a bolt of lightning from a blue sky.? Origin：This has the feel of a Shakespearian or Biblical phrase, but it isn't as old as it sounds.There are several forms of it: 'out of the blue', 'a bolt out of the blue', etc.The earliest citation is Thomas Carlyle, in The French Revolution, 1837: “Arrestment, sudden really as a bolt out of the Blue, has hit strange victims.” ? It is unpleasant to hear him speak on national topics, for he is a bird of ill omen.? 叫他談論國事是不愉快的，因為他常出不吉之言。

a bird of ill omen ? 中國有句老話:“夜貓子進宅，無事不來”，可見貓頭鷹是種不吉利的象征。它往往和黑暗、神秘甚至死亡聯系起來。然而在日本，貓頭鷹卻是吉利和幸福的代表。? 奧運會的吉祥物

? 雕像、掛鐘、水壺、牙簽盒，甚至還有女士佩戴的胸針

? They were only crying crocodile tears at the old man's funeral because nobody had really liked him.? 在老人的葬禮上，他們在假裝慈悲，因為他們之中沒有誰喜歡過他。

? We need not hope for lower taxes in the future ─ that would be crying for the moon.? 我們不應抱任何希望將來會降低稅收，這是根本不可能的事。

“不可能”，“沒門”的譯法 ? No way/There is no way!? Impossible!? Out of the question/That's out of the question!? Not a chance!? Hopeless!? Pigs might fly!? The sun might rise in the west!? Never/Never ever ever!? You are crying for the moon!Street Arabs are produced by slums and not by original sin.? 流浪兒是貧民窟的產物，而不是原始罪惡的產物。

John is ashamed of his humble background.That is his Achilles' heel.? 約翰因出身卑賤而自慚形穢，這是他的致命弱點。

? Every atom of your flesh is as dear to me as my own;in pain and sickness it would still be dear.? 在我看來，你身上的每一個細胞都像我自己的細胞一樣親，即使你痛苦你有病，也還是一樣親。? I'll play old Gooseberry with the office, and make you glad to buy me out at a good high figure.? 我要在工作上故意搗蛋，使你不得不付出高價收買我。? play gooseberry(British humorous)? to be with two people who are having a romantic relationship and who would prefer to be alone.? “Best be off to bed, my boy ─ ho, ho!” “No, no.We know a trick worth two of that.We won’t go home till morning, till day light does appear!”

? “孩子，最好上床睡吧——嗬，嗬！”“不，不，你不必跟我們玩那一套。不到明天，不到天大亮我們不歸家。? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? know a trick worth two of that: 有更好的辦法

What you suggest is very good.But listen to me.I know a trick worth two of that.When the well's dry, we know the worth of water.We'll never know the worth of water till the well go dry.We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.She gave her heart to one who could not know its worth.No one know the worth of woman's love till he sue for alienation.You know a trick or two after twenty years in business.Your class made him monitor, which amounts to setting the fox to keep the geese.你們班推選他當班長，這等于是引狼人室 set a fox to keep one's geese： 引狼人室

Yes, I went there the night before last, but she was quite on the high ropes about something, and was so grand and mysterious that I couldn’t make anything of her.不錯，前天晚上我到那兒去過，也不知道她為何異常得意洋洋，又威風 又神秘，弄得我莫名其妙 be on the high ropes：興高采烈, 得意 The Squire broke in, “Don’t think that I’ll have any humble pie eaten to that fellow Bellew!“ 鄉紳插嘴道：“別以為我會向貝魯這種人低聲下氣。”

Eat humble pie(British, American & Australian)also eat crow(American)：Act submissively and apologetically, especially in admitting an error.忍氣吞生，賠禮道歉 我們原打算在媽媽生日那天給她意外驚喜，可他卻泄露了秘密。

We had planned to give Mum a pleasant surprise on her birthday, but let the cat out of the bag To look like the cat that ate the canary形容一個人顯得非常滿足的樣子。rain cats and dogs傾盆大雨

All cats are（或look）black（或gray）in the dark./We are in the same boat.五十步笑百步或烏鴉笑豬黑。

西方人也喜歡貓，并將貓養為寵物。但是黑貓卻讓西方人心生恐懼，尤其是英國人，他們將黑貓與女巫聯系在上起。如果是漆黑的星期五晚上碰上一只黑貓，便預示著此人會遭厄運。在英國古代的傳說中，人們認為妖魔常變成黑色的動物，尤其是黑貓，還有人說黑貓就是巫婆變的。黑貓有九命，巫婆有變九次的魔法。殺死一只黑貓，她還可以再變八次。所以英語的貓還含有”心地惡毒的女人，愛說人壞話的女人“等意思。

? She is a cat（她是個包藏禍心的女人）

? Mrs Smith is a perfect cat（史密斯太太是個地地道道的長舌婦）

? The man and his wife live a cat and dog life, and both are miserable(他們夫妻倆經常吵架，兩人都感到痛苦)? It‘s difficult to get a man to bell the cat（敢于在危險中挺身而出的人不容易找到）? A cat has nine lives（貓有九命/自有天相）

? Cats hide their claws（貓總是藏起自己的爪子/知人知面不知心）

? All cats are grey in the dark（黑暗處的貓都是灰色的/人未出名時看起來都差不多）? A gloved cat catches no mice（戴手套的貓抓不到老鼠/不愿吃苦的人成不了大事業）? The cat shuts its eyes when stealing cream（掩耳盜鈴，自欺欺人）? There‘s more ways than one to kill a cat（有的是辦法）? like a cat on hot bricks（焦躁不安，如熱鍋上的螞蟻）

? 他決定不了究竟是上大學還是去找工作，可事實上他只能干一件，兩者不能兼得。

? He can’t make up his mind whether to go to college or get a job.You can't eat your cake and have it, too.? To have one’s cake and eat it too ： ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（eat one’s cake and have it too or simply have one’s cake and eat it）”you can't have it both ways“ and ”you can't have the best of both worlds.“ 如果你在數學課堂上準備英語考試，那就好比是挖肉補瘡

It is just like robbing Peter to pay Paul if you try to prepare for the English exam during a maths class rob Peter to pay Paul(拆東墻補西墻)Fig.to take or borrow from one in order to give or pay something owed to another For example By borrowing money to meet the debt, you are just robbing Peter to pay Paul You borrow money from me to pay the bank loan.It is like robbing Peter to pay Paul.害群之馬，無處不有。

There is a black sheep in every flock 餓了糠也甜，飽了蜜也咸。

Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings 我剛來，真是“丈二和尚——摸不著頭腦”！你的估計怎樣？

Being new here, I'm very much in the dark myself!Let’s hear your assessment of it.那二鬼子被村子里的人打得鼻青臉腫。

The puppet soldier was beaten black and blue by the villagers 我看見火車朝他們開來，還沒來得及喊，它已經撞上了其中一人。

I saw the train coming towards them.Before I could say Jack Robinson，it had hit on one of them.He ran off before I could say Jack Robinson．

As I walked into the kitchen the cat jumped out of the window before you could say Jack Robinson．

她有一次解釋她為何嫁給比她矮小很多的人。她說：“他雖然矮一點, 但他不但仁慈而且精力充沛，工作又勤奮。所謂身小會文國家用，大漢空長做什么？ ? She once explained why she married him so much shorter than her.“He may be a bit short,’’

she said,” but he's not only kind, but very energetic and hardworking.Better short and sweet than long and lax.”

short and sweet: brief and to the point；without de lay 簡短扼要；不拖延

The politician’s speech was surprisingly short and sweet；it only lasted ten minutes． The students appreciated the fact that the teacher made the exam short and sweet． 我平日和你說話，你全當耳邊風。

But let whatever I say go in one ear and out the other.How many times have I told you to get to work on time? But my words just go in one ear and out the other.So I don’t have any choice but to fire you.Whatever you say to him goes in at one ear and out at the other.The teacher's directions to the boy went in one ear and out the other.Since his mind was already made up, my arguments went in one ear and out the other.他認為這些美麗的中國畫是連城之璧。

He thinks that these beautiful traditional Chinese paintings are beyond price(rare and valuable)他是個不中用的貨，又不會種田，又不會作生意，坐吃山空，把些田地都弄得精光。

This fellow was a good-for-nothing； he could neither till the land nor trade.He just sat at home eating until he had eaten up all his property 現在國家正當多事之秋，那王公大臣只是恐怕耽處分，多一事不如少一事。Now the country is in peril, yet the nobles and high officials are only afraid of being punished, ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? and their policy is to let sleeping dogs lie.? It's better to save trouble.;the less trouble the better;avoid trouble whenever possible;don't meet trouble halfway ? If I were you, I would not tell Nellie you saw her husband having lunch with another woman.It might have been perfectly innocent, but I'd let sleeping dogs lie.? Better let sleeping dogs lie.The boss likes Peter so much, and you are just like fish in a big pond.Be smart and stay quiet until your chance comes.Practice 2 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Remain where you are till I return;be as still as a mouse.你呆在此處等到我回來，靜靜地不要弄出聲響。

John, a timid middle-aged mickey mouse who was afraid of crowds，people，anything.約翰，一個膽小的微不足道的中年人，他怕人多，怕同人接觸，什么都怕

If the mountain will not come to Mahomet，Mahomet must go to the mountain.(諺語〉事不將就人，人就得將就事。（他不遷就你，你就得遷就他）You needn't pay the bill.It's my turn to stand Sam.你不必付賬。這次輪到我做東。

He rose again and toured the dishevelled room.The man at the other table raised his head, ”You seem a bit on your toes.”

他又站起來在亂糟糟的房間里踱來踱去，在另一餐桌旁的那個人抬起 頭來說：“你看上去有些坐立不安。

on one's toes: stay alert and ready for action.Keep on your toes, lads, the attack is expected at any moment.It keeps your brain on its toes.A toadeater is one who eats somebody's toads.馬屁精是拍某人馬屁的人

If you do it, it means that you are setting the tortoise to catch the hare.你若做它，這意味著你在做不可能做到的事

He has an old head on young shoulders ； at one moment he is a scampish boy, and at another a resolute man.他少年老成：一會兒是個淘氣的小孩，一會兒是剛毅果斷的男子漢

He talks about nothing but money —— It's becoming a King Charles' head!他只談到了錢——錢成了他不離口的話題

當有人對我提出另一個工作時，我進退維谷，因為我仍然對我的老板懷有極大的忠心。

I was on the horns of a dilemma when I was offered another job because I still felt a great deal of loyalty to my boss.錢先生周歲時“抓周”，抓了一本書，因此得名“鐘書”。（舒展文《錢鐘書與楊絳》〉

When Qian was just one year old, he was told by his parents to choose one thing among many others, he picked up a book of all things.Thereupon his father very gladly gave him the name: Zhongshu(= book lover)諺曰：“桃李不言，下自成蹊”。此言雖小，可以喻大。

The peach and plum trees can not talk, yet a path is trodden out to them.This simple saying conveys a wealth of meaning.真是一說曹操，曹操就到！老無賴來了！杰克，你已經訂婚了，是不是？

Well, speak of the wolf(and he will appear)！Here is the old scoundrel！Is that right, you've gotten yourself engaged, Jack? 許多家長太溺愛孩子了，這樣反而害了他們。他們給孩子們太多的錢，太多的自由，這樣很容易導致少年犯罪。

A great many parents are killing their children with kindness by giving them too much money ? ? ? ? ? ? and freedom.This may lead to juvenile delinquency.Practice 3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Guards knew when blue devils had seized the inmates of these cages, they couldn't eat.看守們知道，牢籠里的人憂郁沮喪時，飯就吃不下。

Being out of health, she was sorely afflicted with the blue devils.由于身體不好，她變得極為憂郁。blue coat警察 blue jacket水手 blue-blooded高貴的 blue stocking女才子 a bluemoon稀罕的事 in a bluemood情緒低落 blue baby天生蒼白的小孩 a blue blood出生高貴的人 blue talk色情言語、污言穢語 to have the blue憂傷、傷感 the blue moon千載難逢的機會

“ Where's the fire，dear boy?” he drawled，“ Do you really have to run for it?” “干嘛這么急，老弟？”他慢吞吞地說，“難道我們非跑步不可嗎？”

I can’t live this life of milk and water.I must get excited somehow — or I shall burst!我無法過這種毫無生氣的生活。我得設法興奮一下，否則我受不了！Each bit the thumb but neither dared say he bit it at the other.他倆互相瞧不起，卻又不敢公開承認。

It is much cry and little wool with him.To hear him talk you would think he was the world’s greatest artists;actually they're very mediocre.他說得好可做得差。聽他講話覺得他似乎是世界上最了不起的藝術 家，實際上乃平庸之輩也。A prophet is not without honour, save in his own country.先知在故鄉無人尊敬；本地姜不辣

The new chief justice, Sir Robert Wright was ignorant to a proverb.這位新任大法官羅伯特爵士的無知，是盡人皆知的。

Millions of people have lived near or below the breadline for almost two decades.差不多20年了，生活在貧困線以下或溫飽問題還沒有解決的人口仍有 幾百萬。John's letter doesn’t make sense ； it is neither rhyme nor reason.約翰的信寫得一點也不明白，簡直莫名其妙。

I has crossed the Rubicon，and refused to give him what he wanted.我巳采取斷然措施，拒絕給他所要的東西。

International pressure may be able to prevent the country crossing the Rubicon to authoritarian rule.It was a real feather in his cap for the new teacher when he was made head of the history department.對這位新老師來說，被任命為歷史系的系主任可是一件值得驕傲的事兒。

It was no use crying over spilt milk.No use building castles in the air.What was needed was a plan---lots of plans---serious, practical, sensible plans for the new life.覆水難收，徒悔無益。空中樓閣，也沒好處。需要的是規劃——許許多 多的規劃——為新生活而作的嚴肅、切實、明智的規劃。

She didn't expect too much of him ； they were birds of a different feather.她沒有對他指望太多;他們走不到一塊去。

I am from Missouri, you've got to show me.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

?

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? ? ? ? ? ?

? Several art dealers got their fingers burned on old master paintings that later turned out to be fakes

? The donkey means one thing and the driver another.? 不同的人有不同的觀點；各人從自己的利益出發看問題。

? 仁者見仁，智者見智: the donkey means one thing, and the driver another./ the benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom.? He had walked two miles through the pouring rain, and arrived at our house looking like something the cat's brought in.? 他在傾盆大雨中走了兩英里，到我們家時渾身沾滿泥漿，一副精疲力盡 的樣子。我要見到確實證據才相信；我是不見不信。

John can be relied on.He eats no fish and plays the game.約翰為人可靠，他既誠實又正直。

That is a tall story about the town's street.有關這城主街的說法實在令人難以置信

Listening to classical music is my cup of tea.古典音樂我最愛聽。? One’s cup of tea You could always get him to go for a walk.Hiking was just his cup of tea.Chemistry, not art, is my cup of tea.My uncle sent me a novel written by Balzac.That’s just my cup of tea.This is a fine kettle of fish！I forgot my book.真糟糕，我的書忘了帶了。

There I was, stuck on a lonely road 50 miles from home, after I was stupid enough to lock myself out of my car.It was dark and not a house in sight.A fine kettle of fish, I tell you!He left a fine kettle of fish behind.We couldn't find out what our money had been spent for;we couldn’t tell which members had paid their dues, and the rent wasn't paid.What a mess!To have other fish to fry.Honey, they want me to run for Congress, but I said no.I have other fish to fryyou look like something the cat dragged in!She is head and shoulders above the rest of the class in singing.在唱歌方面，她比班上其他人強得多

head and shoulders above someone or something This wine is head and shoulders above that one.John stands head and shoulders above Bob.If he were down in the mouth, one could feel sorry for him.But he looks as pleased as Punch with himself.他要是愁眉苦臉，人們倒會可憐他，可是他卻滿開心地自得其樂呢。down in the mouth ：口語，“沮喪的”，“頹喪的”，“氣餒的” be as pleased as Punch ”gloomy at the thought of what he had to face“;”gloomy predictions“;”a gloomy silence“;”the darkening mood“;”lonely and blue in a strange city“;”depressed by the loss of his job“;”a dispirited and resigned expression on her face“;”downcast after his defeat“;”feeling discouraged and downhearted“ If he were seen it was dollars to doughnuts that he would be arrested.若當時他被人瞧見，十拿九穩他會被捕。

It’s dollars to doughnuts:相差懸殊，十有八九

I will bet you dollars to doughnuts there will be no rains tomorrow.It is dollars to doughnuts that Wang is not expecting us tonight Dollars to doughts they have forgotten about their appointment with us.two doughnuts and coffee ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

? 賊臣董卓，將欲篡位；朝中文武，無計可施。

? Here is how matters stand ： the traitor Dong Zhuo is preparing to seize the throne, and our civil military officials have no means to prevent him.? 雖然他非常有才能，但他非常謙虛不擺架子，故他樹敵不多，所謂大智若愚，大巧若拙。

? He has made few enemies, even though he's very brilliant，because he’s so modest and unassuming.It is a great talent to be able to conceal one's talents.? 大智若愚，大巧若拙：

? He knows most who speaks least.? It is wisdom sometimes to seem a fool.? Greatest genius often lies concealed.? A man of great wisdom often appears slow-witted [stupid].? Men of great wisdom often appear slow-witted.? Cats hide their paws.? Still waters run deep.? 假使你希望約翰工作愉快，你最好給他加薪；否則他將辭職；所謂三天不吃飯，什么事都敢干

? You should give John a raise in salary if you expect him to be happy at his work;otherwise, he might quit.A hungry man is an angry man.? “不到黃河心不死，哈哈哈！”李秘書突然大聲笑了。

? “ Won't quit until we drive them into the sea — Ha, Ha, Ha!” Commissioner Li burst into hearty laughter.? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Until all is over ambition never dies.；

not to stop until one reaches the Huanghe River not stop until one reaches one's goal 你別狗仗人勢欺侮人，爭權奪利，勾心斗角的事我不干。

You don’t bully others on the strength of your boss;I won't scramble for power and profit and intrigue against others.狗仗人勢：be a bully with the backing of a powerful person 爭權奪利:to scramble for power and wealth 勾心斗角:intrigue against each other 兩雄相遇，必有一搏。

It will certainly be an exciting match when Greek meets Greek.他們的后臺總是靠不住的，一旦樹倒猢猻散，全局就改觀了。

Their wire-pulling bosses are not reliable ； once the tree falls, the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter, and the whole situation will change.他們說連他放個屁都是香的。

They say a Russian fart is fragrant 這才是“知人知面不知心”呢。那里有這樣禽獸的人。

You can know a man’s face but not his heart.I’ll show the beast！We may know a man's exterior but not his heart.It is impossible to judge a man's heart from his face.One may know a person for a long time without understanding his true nature.You know a man or you recognize him when you see him, but you don't know what he is at heart.You may know a person's face, but not his heart.親身經歷，勝過旁人教誨。

Wit bought is better than wit taught.千里之堤，潰于蟻穴。

Slight negligence may lead to great disaster.A small leak will sink a great ship.(小漏水也會沉大船)不嘗黃連苦，哪知蜜糖甜。不要總以為天下烏鴉一般黑。

Who has never tasted bitter, knows not what is sweet.But don‘t always be thinking “in every country dogs bite.Evil people are samely bad all over the world.in every country dogs biteDogs bite in every country 人人負責，無人負責。艘公多了會翻船。

Everybody's business is nobody's business.Too many cooks may spoil the soup 有事只管來找我。

Come to see me whenever you need any help.不要以為它太貴了。（快來買呀，）過了這個村就沒這個店了。Please don't think it is too much.So it is now or never.子曰：“無欲速，無見小利。欲速則不達，見小 利則大事不成。”

Confucius said, “Don't wish for speed； don't see small advantages.If you wish for speed, you won't succeed ； if you see small advantages, great things will not be accomplished.” Haste makes waste fool's haste is no speed More haste, less speed.The more haste, the less speed.1.The hotels were all full，so we had to pig it in an old hut for the night.旅社均已客滿，我們不得不擠在一個又臟又舊的棚屋里過夜。2.Let sleeping dogs lie.Why, these people are kittle cattle to shoe.別惹是生非。哎，這些人都是難對付的人 Be kittle cattle to shoe: 難以對付的人

3.The bandits seemed to have got away with no trouble at all, the police had jam on their faces this time.匪徒們似乎很順利地逃脫了，警察部門這次可丟臉了。

If you say that someone has jam on their face, they appear to be caught, embarrassed or found guilty.lie on one's face 臉朝下躺下...Just put your John Henry on that Check and then take it to the bank.請你在支票上簽個名，然后把它拿到銀行去。

4.Money makes the mare go.You can secure your ends with one hundred pounds.有錢能使鬼推磨，用100英鎊你就能達到目的。

Secure one?s position:穩住陣腳

5.The accused knew that he had to bite the bullet until he was proved innocent.被告知道在證明他是無辜的以前，他只得咬緊牙關忍受。bite the bullet：原意：咬住子彈

引伸義：咬緊牙關挺過去

6.When he entered our college four years ago，he was as poor as Job, but now he has become a millionaire.當他4年前進我們學院時，他窮得家徒四壁，可現在成了百萬富翁。

As poor as Job:一貧如洗，家徒四壁。

7.Two may keep counsel when the third's away.沒有不泄露的秘密；沒有不透風的墻（有意無意的被流傳開去，也有意無意的傷了人）。

8.He is a real Jekyll and Hyde：at home he's kind and loving，but in business he's completely without principles.他是個真的具有雙重人格的人；在家和藹可親，可在生意場上，他卻完全不講道義。

9.That was not asking much, and yet.…he could not help thinking it was like asking for the moon.這樣要求本來并不過分，可是……他們卻不由得想，這簡直是異想天開。

Ask for the moon: to want something that you cannot reach or have;to try for the impossible，異想天開

10.He has good reason to believe in you, for you are as kind a man as the sun shines on.他完全有理由相信你，因為你是世上少有的好心人（或打起燈籠也找不到的好心人）。11.Sir, I am only just getting well of a fever, and I am as weak as water.先生，我髙燒才好，身體非常虛弱。As weak as water:渾身沒勁兒

to be in hot water/in deep water：陷入困境 water over the dam：木已成舟，既成事實

as weak as water：身體非常虛弱；意志薄弱；性格懦弱 fish in troubled/muddy waters：混水摸魚；趁火打劫 in rough / troubled water：災難深重 spend like water：揮霍無度

12.He was a man not yet forty years of age，with still much of the salt of youth about him.他不到40歲，仍有著不少青年人的朝氣。the salt of youth:青年人的熱情

Try translating the following into English 1.袖手旁觀，守株待兔。

Standing by with folded arms and waiting for gains without pains 2.失之東隅，得之桑榆。

What you lose on the swings you get back on the roundabouts.英譯lose at sunrise and gain at sunset我覺得一些看上去很健康的女孩子施以濃妝，實在是多此一舉。

I always feel that it would simply be to gild the lily for some health-looking young girls to make up their faced so heavily.3.媽媽說我最好離開廚房，因為她不需要我幫忙。我在那兒碰這撞那，反而礙事。

Mum said that I?d best/had better leave the kitchen because she didn't need my help and I was like a bull in a china shop there.4.月滿則虧，水滿則溢。

The moon waxes only to wane, water brims only to overflow.月滿則虧，說明：月亮圓了，接著就會慢慢的變成月牙。水滿則溢，說明：盛水的容易內水滿了，再注水就會溢出來啦。比喻做什么事情到了極點都會慢慢衰退的。The Origins Jekyll and Hyde Jekyll and Hyde源于蘇格蘭作家R.L.史蒂文森1886年發表的作品《化身博士》（Doctor Jekyll and Mr.Hyde),該作品所描寫的是一個具有雙重對立人格的人：一是善良的Dr Jekyll，一是邪惡的Mr Hyde。結合起來就是一個具有雙 重對立人格的人。漢譯時，譯著“兩面派，具有善惡雙重人格的人” Sword of Damocles Sword of Damocles出自古代希臘的一則歷史故事。精通古希臘歷史、文 學的羅馬杰出作家與政論家西塞羅（106BC-43BC)在其論文《圖斯庫拉的話》 屮寫道：“公元前4世紀的西西里島上敘拉克的統治者狄奧尼修斯一世(406BC-367BC)有個親信的名字叫達摩克里斯，他很羨慕帝王的柰華生活，常說: “君王是人世間最幸福的人。”狄奧尼修斯為了教訓這個想得君位者，在一次宴會上，要他坐在國土的寶座上。當他猛然抬頭，只見頭頂上有一把用頭發懸著 的寶劍，隨時都有刺到頭頂的危險。他嚇得戰戰兢兢，如坐針氈，時刻提心吊 膽，惶惶不安。由于該成語用來比喻臨頭的危險或情況的危急，因此可漢譯為 “千鈞一發“，但也可譯為“達摩克里斯的寶劍” Burn one’s boats(bridges為美國人使用）源于一則歷史故事0 古羅馬朱力斯?凱撒大軍乘船越過Rubicon后就把船燒了，以此向士兵指明后 路已斷不可能后退。現借用來比喻“不留后路，下定決心干到底”。可漢譯為 “破釜沉舟”。Homer sometimes nods.此語可譯為“智者千慮，必有一失”。用來比喻 “偉人有時也會出錯”。源自古羅馬著名詩人賀拉斯（65BC4BC)寫的《詩藝》： “我認為居然可敬的荷馬也打瞌睡（Even Homer sometimes nods)o這是羞愧的 事，但在如此長久的寫作中，睡意襲來時，打一下瞌睡未嘗不可/這里同時值 得一提的是荷馬（Homer)這位曾得到馬克思極高評價的古希臘的偉大詩人，他 曾寫過兩部性界著名的史詩：《伊亞特》與《奧德賽》。這兩部史詩無論從藝術 技巧或者從歷史、地理、考古學和民俗學方面講都有很大的藝術價值，有“永久 的魅力”，是“一種規范和高不可及的范本”。Hobson's choice 此語可譯為“毫無選擇的余地。”源自英國《觀察家》雜 志H12年第509期。Hobson是6世紀英國劍橋地區驛站老板。按規定驛站都 向顧客出租馬匹，他因喜歡自己的馬匹而堅持按固定的順序輪流將馬出租。顧 客到馬廄去牽馬時，不論該馬如何即牽即走，無商量的余地。如顧客不服從, 就只得自認倒霉。Hobson毫不徇私情，非叫顧客用該馬不可，否則就別想有馬 騎。因而，老板的這種怪癖叫人不敢和他討價還價了。

1.I went on a bat in his room, and we smoked and drank till three.我到他的房間里去狂歡，我們在那里又抽煙又喝酒，一直到清晨三點。go on a bat 縱酒取樂，酗酒胡鬧 go out on a bat 酗酒胡鬧

go to bat [美國俚語]被判入獄，判刑

on one's own bat [俚語] 通過自己的努力；靠自己的力量

blind as a bat [口語]近乎全盲的；視力很差的，眼力不行的；鼠目寸光的；完全看不見東西的 like a bat out of hell [俚語] 如飛地，飛速地；不顧一切地，魯莽地，胡來地

2.Are you running with the hare and hunting with the hounds? You?re either for us or against us.Which is it? 你兩面討好嗎？你要么贊成我們，要么反對我們。究竟是哪一種態度？ Hare也叫jackrabbit或jack rabbit，不打洞（burrow/warren），而是在地面坑（depression）里或窩（form）。出生帶毛（furred），眼睛睜開。Rabbit是住在洞里的，出生沒毛，不能睜眼；家養的通常住在小木屋（hutch）中。Hare比rabbit體型大，耳朵更長，有黑色斑點（marking），不群居，沒有被人類馴化（domesticated），所以可以叫?野兔?。一歲以下的hare叫leveret。一群叫drove。Rabbit可以翻譯為?家兔?，但有的也叫hare，因為長相接近，但實際上還是rabbit，如Belgian Hare.“兔”在中國人心中可謂形象復雜，有好的一面，如“形如脫兔”（比喻動作快捷）；也有差的一面，如“狡兔三窟、兔子尾巴長不了”。對外國人來說，rabbit的形象可不美。a rabbit意為a person who plays a game badly（蹩腳的運動員———尤指網球運動員）；在俚語中，hare指坐車不買票的人。run with the hare and hunt with the hounds

hunt是“追捕、獵殺”的意思，hound指“獵狗”，它的拼寫是h-o-u-n-d，字面意思就是“和兔子一起奔跑的同時派獵狗追趕”，既想得到兔子的信任又想獵殺兔子，也就是“兩面討好”。

這個“兩面討好”和我們漢語里講的“兩面派”（two-faced）意思可不一樣，我們來看一個例子：

They want to keep the peace and have everyone happy.For this reason they learn very quickly to run with the hares and hunt with the hounds;to side with whoever is nearest in a relentless quest to avoid rows.他們希望保持平穩并且讓大家都高興，所以很快了學會討好的方法。為了避免沖突他們就站在不斷提要求的人那邊。

大家體會出這兩個說法的不同了嗎？two-faced一般指當面一套，背地又一套的伎倆，而run with the hare and hunt with the hounds 則指人兩面討好，不得罪任何一方的做法。

3.In ancient times if a man?s eye was put out by his enemy, he might get his revenge by paying him backing his own coin.古時候某人的眼睛若被敵人挖出，他一定要挖出敵人的眼睛作為報復。這就是以其人之道還治其人之身。pay sb back in his own coin eye for eye tooth for tooth

4.He went on throwing open doors, and peeping in.Everything was in apple pie order, ready for immediate occupation.他繼續將各扇門打開朝里窺視：一切井井有條，馬上就可住進去。in apple pie order 有條不紊，井然有序

這個習語的由來尚有爭論。在美國，有人認為它產生在新大陸移民時期。那時，家庭主婦要烤蘋果派時，需將蘋果一片片切成同樣的大小，這樣烘烤出來的蘋果派才會香酥可口。所以這個習語用來形容東西擺放得整整齊齊，井然有序。

Her room is always in apple pie order.他的房間總是整整齊齊的。apple of love 愛情的蘋果

這個習語源于殖民時期的南美洲。當時在秘魯的叢林中，生長著一種叫“狼桃”的水果。這種水果色澤光亮、鮮艷，形狀和蘋果十分相似。但人們認為這種水果是一種毒果，沒人敢吃，只把它作為觀賞植物加以栽培。后來有人冒著生命危險，勇敢地品嘗并證實了它的美味。到了16世紀，英國有一位公爵游歷到了秘魯，非常喜歡這種水果，于是，他把它們帶回英國皇宮，作為珍貴的禮品獻給他心目中的愛人——當時的英國女王伊麗莎白。這種水果，實際上就是西紅柿。從那以后，西紅柿在異國他鄉的土地上得到廣泛種植，被人們稱為“愛情的蘋果”。如今，這一短語可喻指“愛情的信物”。例：Hey, don't touch that bike.It's my apple of love.嗨，別動那輛自行車。它可是我的愛情信物 as American as apple pie 典型的美國人的性格 美國人向來喜歡吃蘋果餡餅（apple pie），也就是我們常說的“蘋果派”。這是一種用烤箱制作的甜點，外面裹著一層面粉，里面包著蘋果做的餡兒。美國人喜愛吃蘋果派的嗜好始于他們剛從歐洲移居到美洲來的時候。那時每個家庭主婦都經常自己動手做蘋果派。為了說明蘋果派是美國生活方式的一個特點，人們常說：as American as apple pie。這個習語的意思是：就像蘋果派一樣具有美國特色。

例句：Japanese sushi and Vietnamese spring rolls have become as American as apple pie.日本壽司和越南春卷都已經變成像蘋果派一樣的美國食品了

5.“Why didn't the chap come? …Can't kick my heels here for ever,“ thought John.那家伙怎么沒來？我可不能老在這兒等下去了。”約翰想

kick your heels：(British)to be forced to wait for a period of time(usually in continuous tenses)Wait impatiently to be summoned.Origin：The kicking of heels alludes to the toe shuffling and foot tapping that people resort to when they are impatient at having to wait for something.It is an 18th century phrase and is first cited in a work by the appropriately named Samuel Foothe has no idea of how to even start the job.Why, my nine-year old daughter knows more about computers than he does!他說：我跟你說，Ed，這個人簡直乳臭未干，他甚至連這工作怎么著手干都不知道。嘿，我九歲女兒對電腦的了解都比他要多。

這里的wet behind the ears，相當于中文里的“乳臭未干的，” 用來形容某人幼稚無知 3.在那個國家，很多人感到60年代初的種族隔離是件棘手之事。

In that country, many people found racial segregation a hot potato in the early '60s.美國人很喜歡吃土豆，特別是剛從烤箱里拿出來的一個個熱氣騰騰的土豆。下面我們要介紹的一個俗語是hot potato。大家都知道hot的意思是熱或燙，potato就是土豆。熱的土豆固然好吃，但是它會燙你的手，你會想法馬上甩掉的。Hot potato作為俗語，它的意思就是一個爭論很激烈的問題，沒有一個人愿意為它承擔責任。例如：The question of whether to raise taxes to cut the budget deficit is a real hot potato for a lot of politicians.是否用增加稅收的方法來減少預算赤字的問題對于許多政客來說是一個棘手的問題。下面這個例子是一位律師在給另一位律師提供建議：

If I were you, I'd drop that client like a hot potato;he's always suing somebody for something, but he usually loses and he doesn't pay his lawyer's bills.要是我是你的話，我就把你那個顧客馬上甩掉。他老是為了什么事去告別人，可是他總是輸給別人，他還往往不付律師費。

英語potato一詞特別有意思。不僅因為sweet potato（甜土豆）即是“白薯（山芋）”，這樣的命名特別有趣，而且potato常可用以指人，例如small potatoes原意是“雞毛蒜皮等微不足道的東西”，但更多用以指“小人物”“微不足道的人”（類似上海方言“蘿卜頭”）。“He is a small potato.”也常被學生作為口頭禪，拿來互相取笑。

Hot potato可指“麻煩的事”、“棘手的問題”或“難對付的人”，類似中文 “燙手的山芋”，例如The subject of police brutality is a hot potato.（警察暴行的話題是一個棘手的問題。）

短語the clean potato指“最正確、最適當的事物”，也可以指“正派的人”、“規矩的好人”。而反過來，not the clean potato則意為“形跡可疑的人”。

作為一種常見的食品，potato在美國俚語里也有很多體現。比如，potato常指“頭”或“難看的臉”；potato-trap指“嘴”；potato-head則指“傻瓜”（土豆是沒有腦子的）；而potato digger則指“古板守舊、不受歡迎的人”（大概是由在地里掘土豆的農民形象轉化而來的）。

上世紀90年代初出現了一個新的短語couch potato，專指“吃飽飯后成天窩在沙發上看電視的人”，非常形象。（順便提一下，英美人很少用sofa一詞，長沙發叫couch，單人沙發則叫armchair。）隨著電腦的普及，近來一個與potato有關的新短語流行開來，即mouse potato（這里的mouse不是“老鼠”，而是“鼠標”），專門指“整天坐在電腦前的電腦迷”。這一詞條已被正式收錄在2006年版的《韋氏大學詞典》（Webster Collegiate Dictionary）的100個新詞語中。筆者相信，今后還會有更多“新土豆”的出現。

4.他同意獨自完成這項工程，簡直是蛇吞象。

He bit off more than he could chew when he agreed to finish this project alone He bit off more than he could chew.他說得多，做得少。

他承諾太多他辦不到的事情。用意譯：“思想的巨人，行動的矮子！”

5.我只是告訴你，和他打交道的惟一方法就是與他面對面展開斗爭。

I simply wanted to tell you that the only way to do business with him was to beard the lion in his den.beard the lion in his den：入虎穴取子(老虎頭上捉虱, 太歲頭上動土)

6.對于詩我讀得不多。要讀的時候，我總是寧可選擇過去的佳作，而不要當代的次品。.Of poetry I don't read much and when I do I choose the dead lion in preference to the living dog.A living dog is better than a dead lion．(下賤而活著比高貴而死了的強。)將對應的兩個成分拆開并在句中重作安排，分別喻指“過去的佳作”(死獅)和“當代的次品”(活狗)，形成強烈對比，表現力強。

7.現在最好不要向老板講，因為你沒有遵守限期，他正在氣頭上哪。

Better not try to talk to the boss now, He's as mad as a wet hen because you didn't meet your deadline.as mad as a wet hen:非常生氣

8.有些人在上火車的時候，不等乘客下車就一擁而入，這種行為真叫我生氣。

It gets me goat the way some people push onto a train before the passengers on board can get off When someone says the phrase “something or other really gets my goat,” they mean that they are extremely irritated.A wide variety of things could contribute to irritation, ranging from someone else's actions to a series of events, but, despite the turn of phrase, goats are not usually involved.Like many colorful idioms in the English language, the origins of “get my goat” are murky, difficult to pin down, and actually rather fascinating, for people who enjoy exploring language.9.我們公司規定的試用階段，目的在于區分能夠勝任工作和不能勝任工作的人。

The purpose of our company^ trial employment period is to separate the wheat(the sheep)from the chaff(the goats).separate the sheep from the goats(British, American & Australian)also sort(out)the sheep from the goats(British & Australian)

to choose the people or things of high quality from a group of mixed quality I'll look through the application forms and separate the sheep from the goats.10.他是個膽小鬼，他不可能臨危不懼于關鍵時刻。

He is a chicken and it is impossible for him to face the music at the critical moment.11.這不是任何人的錯誤，責任完全在我們自己身上。我們不自量力，結果把自己搞得完蛋了

It was nobody's fault but our own.We cooked our own goose by trying to bite off more than we could chew.Cook one’s goose: ruin your chances;make impossible to succeed Explanation: Used when speaking about a person or thing that makes success impossible.Examples: Well, I cooked my goose by asking the wrong questions on the interview.-You'd better be careful when speaking to her, you don't want to cook your goose by saying something insensitive.12.她對家譜很感興趣。所謂自己無學問，莫把祖宗夸；我認為對一個人的評價源于其本身所為，而非其祖先。She's showed great interest in genealogy [,d?i:ni'?l?d?i](family tree).But mules boast much that their ancestors were horses;I think a person's value derives from what he does, not from what one of his ancestors might have been 13.與過去相比，小康之家逐漸多了起來。

Compared with the past, there is an increasing number of well-to-do families.Say something about the origins of the following.Adam’s profession Adam's profession此語源自莎士比亞：《哈姆雷特》第五場，譯為“園藝，農藝”。Shakespeare 在第五場中寫道：There is no ancient gentlemen but gardeners, ditchers, and grave makers ；they hold up Adam's profession.這里沒有古代紳士，只有花匠、挖溝者和修墓人；他們干的是園藝。measure for measure measure for measure.此語可譯為“一報還一報；冤報冤；仇報仇；以牙還牙”。源自《圣經■馬太福音》。耶穌說：“你們不要評判人，免得你們被人評 判。因為你們怎樣評判人，也必然會被人怎樣評判。你們用什么量器量別人，別人就必然會用什么量器來量你們。” enough to make the angles weep enough to make the angels weep.此語可譯為“愚逸得使人喪失信心和希望”。源自莎士比亞劇本《一報還一報》（Measure for Measure)第2幕第2場 once in a blue moon once in a blue moon.此語的中譯為“極為罕見，（機會）極少”。源于自 然科學現象。即在一定的條件下，當大氣中有大小合適的微塵時，就會出現太陽和月亮均呈深藍色的自然奇觀。據科學家們分析，此種罕見景觀的微塵可能 來自火山爆發，或沙漠揚塵，甚至森林大火。由于藍色月亮和藍色太陽出現的 機會少，所以此語具有上述譯文

以小人之心，度君子之腹 “以小人之心，度君子之腹,?可譯為gauge the heart of a gentleman with one's own mean measure t 或譯為 try to estimate what's in the heart of the great with the heart of the mean,語出《左傳?昭公二十八年》“愿以小人之腹，為君子之 心。”后經改造，用來指某些人以自己鄙陋或卑劣的心理，去推測品德髙尚者的 胸襟。南朝宋劉義慶《世說新語?雅量》：“庚曰：?可謂以小人之慮，度君子之心。此成語涉及這樣一則故事：公元前514年，晉國的執政大臣韓宣子去世，一位名叫魏舒的人繼位。他將兩個舊責族的田地分為10個縣，派賢能有功者 去任縣長。其中與他同宗的魏戊被派到梗陽縣任該職。此時，有一樁官司使其 深感棘手，他即報之魏舒，讓其處理。

對是，涉案一方暗中送魏舒一個女樂人，他欲將其收下。此事讓魏戊知道 了，他就對大臣閻沒和女寬說：“魏舒以不受賄賂而揚名各國，若收下女樂人，就沒有比這更大的賄賂了。您二位一定要勸諫他。”

之后，閻沒和女寬在庭院里等著魏舒的到來。吃飯的時候，魏舒就招呼他 倆一起來用餐，可他倆盯著桌上的飯菜接連嘆了三次氣。飯畢，魏舒就問其究 竟，并說伯父、叔父曾告訴他說，吃飯時要忘掉憂愁，剛才二位為何三次嘆氣呀？他們倆回答說“昨晚有人把酒賜給咱們兩個小人，所以沒吃晚飯，現在肚子 餓得慌，惟恐剛上的飯菜不夠吃而嘆氣。見菜上了一半時，咱們責備6己道：?難道將軍請咱們吃飯會不夠吃？?因而再次嘆氣。等飯菜上完，咱們倆愿意把小人的肚子當做君子的心，剛剛滿足就行了！” 嫁禍于人

“嫁禍于人”可譯為：①shift the blame onto ②lay one's own fault at sb else?s door ③put one's misfortunes onto other people's shoulder.語出《史記?趙世 家》，對曰：“夫秦蠶食韓氏地，中絕不會相通，固自以為坐而受上黨之地也。韓氏所以不人秦者，欲嫁其禍于趙也。”這則故事說的是：公元前262年，韓囯 上黨守將馮亭派使者到趙國，便對孝成王說：“咱韓國已無法守住上黨了，它似 就要并人秦國了。但上黨的官吏與百姓均愿歸屬趙國，而不愿歸屬秦國。上黨 有城池17座，希望大王來管轄”。趙孝成王聞之喜形于色，即召見平陽君趙豹并詢問其看法。趙豹答曰： “圣人視無緣無故而得到為大禍害。” 孝成王反問道“天下人為我的恩德所感召，為何說此乃無緣無故而得 利呢？”

趙豹道：“秦國一直在蠶食韓國的土地，并早已認為輕易地得到上黨這塊 地方。韓國之所以不想把上黨交給秦國而交給趙國，是打箅把禍害轉到我們趙國身上。秦國付出了辛苦，卻未得到它，而咱趙國卻白白得到了，這怎能說非 無緣無故得了利呢？大干一定不要接受。” 孝成王不悅地說：“如今派百萬大軍去進攻，一年半載也不一定能得到一 座城池，現在人家送來17座城池之大禮于我，這可是大利呀！”后來孝成王因接受了這份禮物而引發了秦趙間的一場大戰。

第四篇：有關政治方面的俗語翻譯

英語專業八級考試大綱

一 考試目的

本考試的目的是全面檢查已完成英語專業高年級階段課程的學生是否達到了《大綱》所規定的英語語言綜合運用能力標準以及英語專業知識的要求。

二 考試的性質與范圍

本考試屬于標準參考性教學檢查類考試.考試范圍包括《大綱》所規定的聽、讀、寫、譯四個方面的能力以及英語專業知識.三 考試時間、對象與命題

本考試在英語專業第八學期舉行,每年一次.考試對象為英語專業四年級學生.本考試由教育部高等學校外語專業教學指導委員會英語組組織有關命題專家命題, 外語專業教學指導委員會辦公室負責考試的實施.四 考試形式

為了有效考核學生綜合運用英語進行交際的能力,既兼顧考試的科學性、客觀性,又考慮到考試的可行性以及高年級階段英語水平評估的特點,本考試采用多種考試形式,以保證考試的效度和信度.五 考試內容

本考試共有六個部分:聽力理解、閱讀理解、人文知識、改錯、翻譯、寫作。整個考試需時185分鐘。

翻譯（Part V：Translation）1．測試要求:（a）能運用漢譯英的理論和技巧，翻譯我國報刊雜志上的文章和一般文學作品。速度為每小時250至300個漢字。譯文必須忠實原意，語言通順、流暢。

（b）能運用英譯漢的理論和技巧，翻譯英美報刊雜志上的文章和文學原著。速度為每小時250至300個英文單詞。譯文必須忠實原意，語言通順、流暢。

2．測試形式: 本部分為主觀試題，分兩個項目。考試時間60分鐘。Section A：From Chinese to English 將一段150個漢字組成的段落譯成英語。Section B: From English to Chinese 將一段150個英文單詞組成的段落譯成漢語。

3． 測試目的: 測試學生的翻譯能力。

專八命題分析與應試技巧

英語專業八級考試中的漢譯英試題是對學生綜合應用語言能力的一個測試。它既是對學生漢語水平的測試，又是對英語專業學生四年專業學習之后綜合應用英語能力的檢測。實踐證明，我們的學生在四年的英語學習過程中，忽略了對漢語的學習，因而在對漢語詞語和句子的理解過程中出現了一些可笑的問題；同時，漢譯英測試也反映出學生在用英語表達過程中，由于母語干擾或其它方面原因，也有很多典型的錯誤。這里我們僅從理解和表達兩個角度，分析英語專業八級考試漢譯英常見的一些問題，并通過分析這些問題，指出英語專業本科階段漢譯英教學中，加強學生基本功是該課程的一個核心任務。

一般認為，理解漢語對于漢語是母語的中國學生來說，不應該構成什么問題；翻譯過程的第二階段，即表達階段，才是問題出現比較多的地方。但是，在我們的學生中，的確存在著因為漢語功底不扎實而造成錯誤理解的問題。這種錯誤主要出現在對一些不能夠從字面上推測意義的習語上，例如部分學生對“寒暄”、“破天荒”、unprecedentedly “干脆”等詞語會產生錯誤的理解。我們有的同學將“寒暄”譯成了“coldly talk for a while”，這說明習語的理解對于漢語功底不深厚、光顧著學習外語卻忽視母語學習的外語專業學生來說的確是一個很突出的問題。

其次，學生還會出現斷句的錯誤。由于漢語語言的習慣，漢語句子在斷句問題上并不嚴格，因此對句子的停頓很多情況下完全取決于讀者的語感。學生對此往往認識并不充分，不敢果斷斷句，以為原文中的一個長句一定要用英語的一個長句來表達，因而出現跟原文風格不一致的譯文，甚至在組織譯文語言的時候出現很多語法錯誤。當然，漢語功底的欠缺、語感的薄弱往往也會造成錯誤的斷句，從而導致錯誤的翻譯。例如，2000年八級考試中，第一句話是“世界上第一代博物館屬于自然博物館，它是通過化石、標本等向人們介紹地球和各種生物的演化歷史”。很多同學用which這個關系代詞來形成了一個結構很復雜的主從復合句，但是在組織這個句子時出現很多錯誤，造成修飾關系不明的情況。如果我們果斷斷句，翻譯成:  The world’s first generation museums are museums of natural history.They introduce to the people with fossils and specimens the evolution of the earth and various living organism on it.用這樣兩個簡單句來處理，就可以避免語法錯誤，而且可以使句子語義鮮明。

此外，斷句的錯誤還表現在詞組間關系的斷定上，比如，“科學知識”和“科學技術”，后者“科學”和“技術”之間是一種并列關系。這種修飾和并列關系在漢語中并沒有形式上的分別，這種關系是一種意合關系，需要讀者發揮自己的判斷力和語感。很多同學把這兩個短語分別譯成了“science and knowledge”和“scientific technology”，由此可見我們在理解上還存在問題，學生們的漢語功底還不夠深厚。

 另外，對原文的理解還需要結合一定的背景知識，例如95年八級考試漢譯英試題中提“奧斯汀”這位作家，如果我們不熟悉這位作家，我們就可能連她的姓氏如何拼寫也不知道。再比如說，“我的導師是亞裔人”（1998年八級考試），不能簡單地翻譯成“My tutor is an Asian”，因為所謂“亞裔”，是指亞洲的血緣，但并沒明確國籍，根據上下文，卻應該是美國國籍，因此這句話應該翻譯為“My tutor is an Asian American.”，同樣的道理，在同一篇文章中出現的“除有一名來自德國外，其余5位均是亞裔學生”也應該處理成“...except one of German origin, the rest five were all of Asian origin”。

1999年八級考試試題中也出現了類似的句子“現今180萬溫哥華居民中，有一半不是本地出生的，每4個居民中就有一個是亞洲人。25萬華人對溫哥華的經濟轉型起著決定性的作用”也應該根據以上的理由翻譯為“Of the present 1.8 million residents in Vancouver, half are not native, and one in every four is of Asian origin.The 250,000 Chinese Canadian have been playing a decisive role in the economic transformation of Vancouver.”

由此看來，缺乏一定的背景知識，我們就不可能把這些句子處理正確。

對于政論文章的翻譯來說，一定政治意識的缺乏會造成錯誤的理解和表達。例如，“振興”、“統一”等，考慮到中國的歷史，我們應該將它們分別理解和表達為“revitalization”或“rejuvenation”和“reunification”。再例如“個體戶”、“國營企業”、“三資企業”、“計劃生育” 等概念，要求翻譯時必須準確理解原意，然后在譯文中作適當的表達，因而需要同學們熟悉官方的翻譯法。從這個意義上說，政論翻譯，尤其在譯名問題上，涉及到繼承傳統譯名的情況比較多，因此我們應該多讀一些國內的外文刊物，如《中國日報》、《北京周報》、《人民日報》（海外英文版）等，增強政治意識，統一翻譯口徑，這樣才能夠把漢譯英做好。

總之，英語專業八級的翻譯考試對譯文的要求是忠實原文和語言通順。翻譯的功能是將原有的文字資料轉換成另一種語言，從而使讀者用其熟悉的語言了解原本用另一種語言表述的信息。鑒于此，衡量譯文的一個重要標準就是看其所轉換的信息是否準確，是否忠實于原文。譯者對原文的把握、理解是關鍵所在。譯者要對原文的思想、語氣、風格有透徹的理解和準確的把握。

如果在這方面出現偏差，譯文就會與原文有出入，也就很難做到忠實于原文。質量高的譯文除了忠實于原文外，在語言上也要力求做到通順。具體地說，就是所譯語言要符合規范，行文自然、流暢，不帶有過多生硬翻譯的痕跡。就英譯漢而言，譯文應該斷句恰當，句式正確，選詞妥貼，段與段、句與句之間呼應自然，有一定文采。對于漢譯英來說，要求譯文的句式處理恰當，選詞妥貼，英語比較地道。在八級翻譯考試里，語言通順對漢譯英項目來說尤為重要。譯文英語不地道，不僅會失去原文的文體風格，而且還會誤轉原意。

專八常用政治術語的英文翻譯

馬列主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represent’s”important Thought

新民主主義革命new-democratic revolution 來源：考試大

民族獨立和人民解放national independence and the liberation of the people

經濟體制改革和政治體制改革reforms in the economic and political structure

社會主義制度socialist system

社會變革social transformation

建設有中國特色的社會主義事業the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics

中華民族的偉大復興the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

黨在社會主義初級階段的基本理論、基本路線、基本綱領the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism 來源：考試大

改革開放政策the policies of reform and opening to the outside

中國共產黨十一屆三中全會

The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China 馬克思主義政黨Marxist political Party 來源：考試大

黨的第一（第二、第三）代中央領導集體the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first(second/third)generation

人民民主專政the people’s democratic dictatorship

國民經濟體系national economic system

綜合國力aggregate national strength

國內生產總值the annual gross domestic product(GDP)

獨立自主的和平外交政策an independent foreign policy of peace

馬克思主義基本原理同中國具體實際相結合

the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China

加強和改進黨的建設，不斷增強黨的創造力、凝聚力和戰斗力，永葆黨的生機與活力strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality

“三個代表”就是必須代表中國先進生產力的發展要求，代表中國先進文化的前進方向，代表中國最廣大人民的根本利益，是我們黨的立黨之本、執政之基、力量之源，是我們黨始終站在時代前列，保持先進性的根本體現和根本要求。

“Three Represent’s” shows that our Party must always represent the requirements of the development of China’s advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of China’s advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundation for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature 黨的理論、路線、綱領、方針、政策Party‘s theory, line, program, principles and policies

工人階級的先鋒隊the vanguard of the working class

生產力、生產關系、經濟基礎、上層建筑productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute

科學技術是第一生產力science and technology are the primary productive force

社會主義物質文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilizations of socialism

有理想、有道德、有文化、有紀律的公民citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline

自立意識、競爭意識、效率意識、民主法制意識和開拓創新意識self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit

依法治國和以德治國 the rule of law and the rule of virtue

科教興國戰略the strategy of invigorating the country through science and education

倡導愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義思想，反對和抵制拜金主義、享樂主義、極端個人主義等腐朽思想advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship,hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas 21世紀教育網

先天下之憂而憂，后天下之樂而樂be concern about the country and the people before anything else

全心全意為人民服務、立黨為公、執政為民serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people

解放思想、實事求是emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts

主觀主義、形而上學subjectivism, metaphysics

民主集中制、黨內民主democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy

集體領導、民主集中、個別醞釀、會議決定 collective leadership, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting

政治路線確定之后，干部就是決定因素cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided

黨管干部的原則the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres' affairs

“公開、平等、競爭、擇優open, fair, competition, basis of merits來源：考試大

公開選拔、競爭上崗the upervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment

自重、自省、自警、自勵self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation

以權謀私、貪贓枉法、腐敗分子to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements

小康社會、小康生活well-to-do society, well-to-do life

四項基本原則Four Cardinal Principles

社會主義初級階段the primary stage of socialism

“政治合格、軍事過硬、作風優良、紀律嚴明、保障有力””gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support“ 21edu.com ”臺獨“ Taiwan’s ”independence“

和平與發展peace and development

冷戰cold war

世界多極化、經濟全球化world multi-polarization and economic globalization

聯合國憲章UN Charter

獨立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉內部事務independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each other's internal affairs

世界貿易組織、關貿總協定World Trade Organization /The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade

亞太經合組織Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation

世貿中心World Trade Center

恐怖主義terrorism

常用中譯英詞組之生態環保

1． 保護和改善生活和生態環境 protect and improve the living environment and the ecological environment 2.保護珍貴動植物 protect rare animals and plants 3.普及環保知識 popularize environmental protection knowledge 4.增強環境意識 enhance the awareness(consciousness)of environmental protection 5.改善生態環境 improve the eco-environment 6.防治污染 prevent and control pollution 7.加強水土保持 reinforce the conservation of water and soil 8.加強城市綠化 strengthen the greening of the city 9.提高環境管理水平raise the environmental management level 10.享受國家一級保護 enjoy first-class protection of the State 11.加強環境保護 strengthen environmental protection 12.保持生態平衡 keep ecological balance 13.創造良好的生態環境 create a pleasant(good)ecological environment 14.采用環保技術 adopt environmental friendly technique 15.為大量野生動植物提供棲息地 provide habitats for a huge number of wild animals and plants 16.為人類提供水和食物 supply water and food for human beings www.tmdps.cn 17.非常注重保護森林 pay great attention to the conservation of forest 18.產生巨大的水文效應 produce great hydrological effects 19.引發一系列的問題 result in a series of problems 20.幫助減緩全球變暖速度 help slow down the pace of global warming 21.提高居民的環保和生態意識 improve residents’ environmental and ecological awareness 22.完善城市基礎設施建設 improve the construction of urban infrastructure 23.促進城市可持續發展 promote the sustainable development of the city 24.符合舉辦奧運會的要求 meet the requirements of hosting the Olympic Games 25.擴建管道網絡 expand the pipe network 26.淘汰或改造燃煤鍋爐 eliminate or convert coal-burning boilers 27.禁止露天焚燒 prohibit burning out in the open 28.發展太陽能 develop solar energy 29.提高清潔能源的比重 increase the supply of clean energy 30.減少機動車輛 reduce the number of vehicles 31.使用清潔能源 use clean fuel 32.實行嚴格的機動車排放標準 implement strict vehicle emission standards 33.關閉化工廠 shut down chemical plants 34.加大污染治理力度 strengthen pollution control 35.治理沙地和水土流失問題 tackle the problems of sand and soil erosion 36.加強珍稀野生動植物的保護工作 protect rare wild animals and plants 37.崇尚綠色生活方式 pursue a “green” life 38.使用再生紙 use recycled paper 39.參加環保運動 take part in environmental protection activities 40.門前三包 ”be responsible for general sanitation, green covering and keeping good social order in a designated area outside the unit building " 41.參加城市重建 participate in the reconstruction of the city 42.注重節約資源 attach importance to saving resources 43.采用新的開采方法 apply new exploitation methods 44.削減污物排放 reduce / cut the discharge of pollutants 45.抑制傳染病的傳播 restrain / prevent the spread of infectious diseases

常用中譯英詞組之政治類

1．日益昌盛 become increasingly prosperous 2.快速發展 develop rapidly 3.隆重集會 gather ceremoniously 4.熱愛和平love peace 5.追求進步 pursue progress 6.履行權利和義務 perform the responsibilities and obligations 7.回顧奮斗歷程 review the course of struggle 8.展望偉大征程 look into the great journey 9.充滿信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength 10.必勝 be bound to win 11.主張各國政府采取行動 urge governments of all countries to take action 12.和平共處 coexist peacefully 13.對內開放和對外開放 open up both externally and internally 14.經歷兩個不同時期 experience two different periods 15.戰勝無數的困難 overcome numerous difficulties 16.贏得一個又一個勝利 win one victory after another 17.完全意識到 be fully aware that 18.邁出重要的一步 make an important step 19.采取各種措施 adopt various measures 20.得出結論 ,告一段落 draw(arrive at, come to reach)a conclusion 21.正確處理經濟發展同人口、資源、環境的關 correctly handle the relationship of economic development versus（with）population，natural resources and environment 21世紀教育網

22.鼓勵創建文明家庭 encourage the idea of “Civilized Families” 23.拒絕生小孩 refuse to have a child 24.提出離婚 ask for a divorce 25.和睦相處 live in harmony 26.倡導人力資源管理 advocate the management of human resources 27.損害人類社會的道德觀 damage the morality of human society 28.開辟人類歷史新紀元 start a new chapter in the history of human 29.禁止他人作克隆人的實驗 inhibit others from doing human cloning experiments 30.造福人類和科學 benefit mankind and science 31.控制人口數量(增長)control the population size(growth)32.控制人口出生率 control birth rate 33.提高人口素質 improve the population quality 34.晚婚晚育 marry late and have children late(delayed marriage and delayed child bearing)35.優化人口結構 optimize the population structure 36.優生優育 bear and rear better children 37.尊重和保障人權 respect and guarantee human rights 38.維護和促進人民的生存權和發展權 safeguard and promote the people’s rights to subsistence and development 39.提倡晚婚晚育 encourage late marriage and late childbirth 40 堅持計劃生育的基本國策 stick to the basic state policy for family planning 21.實現民族獨立 realize national independence 22.追求真理 seek the truth 23.建立社會主義制度 establish a socialist system 24.根除(防止,消除)腐敗 root out(prevent, eliminate)corruption 25.響應號召 respond to the call 26.進入新時期 enter a new period 27.實行新政策 practice new policies 28.展現生機和活力 display one’s vigor and vitality 29.增強綜合國力和國際競 enhance comprehensive(overall)national strength and international competitiveness 30.進入世界先進行列 edge into the advanced ranks in the world 31.解決溫飽問題 solve the problem of food and clothing 32.吸收各國文明的先進成果 absorb what is advanced in other civilizations 33.與日俱增 increase every day 34.實現夙愿 fulfill the long-cherished wishes 35.必將實現 be bound to come true 36.鍛造一支人民軍隊 forge a people’s army 37.建立鞏固的國防 build a strong national defense 38.進行和談 hold peace talks 39.修改法律 amend the laws 40.在．．．中起（至關）重要作用 play a major(crucial, an important)role in

常用中譯英詞組之文化類

1． 消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance 2.掃除文盲 eliminate（wipe out）illiteracy 3.營造良好的文化環境 create a healthy cultural environment 4.促進文化市場健康發展 facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products 5.開展對外文化交流 conduct cultural exchange with other countries 6.博采各國文化之長 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries 7.開展群眾性文化活動 carry out mass activities on culture 8.保護文化遺產 protect(preserve)cultural heritage 9.繼承歷史文化優秀傳統 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history ／ carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions 10.繁榮文學藝術 enable literature and art to flourish / promote flourishing literature and art 11.舉行每年一次的學術會議 hold an annual academic meeting 12.尊重知識，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people / talents 13.向世界展示中國文化建設的成就 introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world 14.加強文化基礎設施建設 build more cultural establishments 21edu.com 15.提倡文明的生活方式 advocate civilized lifestyle(way of life)16.不注重歷史 neglect history 17.推動人類文明進步 push forward human civilization 18.對．．．持歡迎態度 take a welcoming attitude to 19.與各國人民交往 communicate with people of all countries 20.和．．．持相似觀點 share similar views with 21.促進兒童身心健康發展 promote the healthy development of children both physically and mentally 22.改進教學 improve teaching and learning 23.保護文化遺產 protect cultural relics 24.觸及現行法律的盲區 touch a blank area of the existing law 25.提高自我保護意識 raise one’s awareness of protecting one’s right 26.列為世界自然文化遺產 list ?as a world natural heritage site 27.以全新的面貌進入新世紀 enter the new century with a brand-new look 28.普及科普知識，傳播科學思想，倡導科學精神 popularize scientific and technological knowledge, spread scientific thought and advocate the scientific spirit 29.提高公務員的綜合素質 improve the overall quality of civil servants 30.通過資格考試 pass qualification examinations 31.舉辦文化節 / 展覽會 hold(conduct, give)cultural festivals / an exhibition 32.普及九年制義務教育 make nine-year compulsory education universal 33.精心編寫教材 compile the textbooks with great care 34 承擔應有的義務 undertake the due obligations 35.促進相互了解 enhance(further)mutual understanding 36.相互促進 help each other forward 37.互派訪問學者 exchange visiting scholars 38.交換意見 exchange views(ideas, opinions)39.反映中國的燦爛文化 reflect the rich culture of China 40.容納三千名旅客 accommodate 3000 passengers 41.發揮．．．的聰明才智 take advantage of one’s talents and wisdom 42.充分發揮知識分子的積極性和創造性 bring the intellectuals' enthusiasm and creativity into full play 43.開設課程 offer courses 44.重視實用性 place stress on practicality 45.制止盜版軟件 control / crack down on the pirated software 46.提供受教育機會 offer a chance of education 47.有力地推動教育的發展 effectively push to the development of education 48.承前啟后，繼往開來 build on the past and prepare for the future； inherit the past and usher in the future 49.物質文明,精神文明一起抓 pay equal attention to the material progress and cultural progress 50.形成文明、健康、崇尚科學的社會風尚 form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice

常用中譯英詞組之經濟類 1．給．．．帶來機遇和挑戰 present(bring)both opportunities and challenges to 2.給．．．帶來積極影響 bring a more positive impact on．．．.3.給予財政資助 support financially 4.有巨大潛力 have huge potential for 5.開發 / 青睞中國市場 tap / favor the Chinese market 6.申請專利 apply for a patent 7.阻礙．．．的經濟發展 handicap(hamper)the economic development 8.增加農業投入 invest more in agriculture 9.有望達到（上升到）be expected to reach(rise to, be up to)10.造成很大壓力 pose a big pressure on 11.占領市場10% occupy(take, account for)10 percent of the market 12.縮小．．．間的距離 narrow the gap between 13.加快經濟發展和結構調整 speed up economic development and restructuring 14.奪回失去的市場 take back lost market 15.減輕．．．的負擔 reduce(lighten)the burden of(on)16.采取反壟斷措施 take anti-monopoly measures to 17.加快努力 speed up efforts to 18.在．．建立分公司 set up branches in 19.促進改革 promote reform 21世紀教育網

20.面對可能的壓力和競爭 face possible pressure and competition 21.充分利用 make full use of 22.把列．．．為基本國策 list?..as fundamental national policies 23.發揮自身優勢 give full play to one’s advantages 24.開拓市場 exploit markets 25.擴大消費市場 expand consumption market 26.改善投資環境 improve the environment for investment 27.加強風險防范 prepare oneself against possible risks 28.擴大貧富差距 widen the gap between the rich and the poor 29.為．．．提供巨大商機 present huge business opportunities 30.快速穩定增長 grow fast and steadily 31.讓．．．處于同一起跑線 put? on the same platform and at the same starting point 32.趕超先進 surpass the advanced 33.遵循市場經濟的規律 follow the law of market economy 34.根據市場做出調整 gear ourselves to the market orientation 35.牟取暴利 seek excessive profits 36.做好充分準備 make good preparations for 37.對．．．造成／構成威脅 form ／pose a threat to? 38.和．．．合作 cooperate with 21edu.com 39.和．．．進一步合作 further cooperation with 40.提高公務員工資 raise the salaries of civil servants 41.計算出準確的工資水平figure out an exact salary level 42.和．．．有合作關系 have cooperative ties with 43.從國外引進先進技術和管理經驗introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise 44.優勝劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior 45.保證下崗職工的基本生活 guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers 46.取締非法收入 ban unlawful incomes(ban illegal earnings)47.深化改革 deepen the reform 48.控制通貨膨脹 control inflation(keep inflation under control)49.讓位于競爭需要 give way to the need for competition 50.向．．．投資巨額資金 invest huge amounts of money into 51.損失慘重 suffer great losses 52.制造假象 create smoke screens to do 53.陷入困境 land oneself in deep trouble 54.吸引外商投資 attract foreign investment 55.抓住機遇 seize opportunities 56.適應．．．的發展 adapt oneself to the development of 57.被指控接受賄賂 be accused of accepting bribes 58.和．．．達成（簽訂）協議 reach（sign）an agreement with 59.促進地區間的合作 promote regional cooperation 60.退還大量錢款 give back a large amount of money 61.舉報非法行為 disclose any illegal activities 62.籌集足夠的資金 raise enough funds 63.采取不同的辦法 adopt various methods 64.承擔風險 bear(take)risk 65.創收外匯 earn foreign exchange(currency)66.活躍市場 enliven the market 67.造成損失 cause a loss to 68.十分重視 attach importance to 69.制訂．．．法律 make a law of(to)70.大力發展 strive to develop 71.提高居民生活 improve residents’ standard of living 72.提高管理水平raise the management level 73.加強管理 reinforce the management 74.完善服務 perfect services 75.刺激國內需求 stimulate domestic demand 76.打破壟斷 break the monopoly 77.加快競爭步伐 accelerate the competition 78.為當地人帶來多種經濟和社會效益 bring multiple economic and social benefits to the local people 21edu.com 79.優先發展公共運輸 give priority to the development of public transportation 80.調整產業結構 adjust the industrial structure

專八翻譯指導：企業中英文名稱大全

外貿、貿易、投資、信托、保險、租賃、證券、工藝品進出口公司

Native Produce & Animal By-products Import and Export Corporation 土產畜產進出口公司

Chemicals Import and Export Corporation 化工進出口公司

Metals & Minerals Import and Export Corporation 五金礦產進出口公司 Electronics Import and Export Corporation 電子技術進出口公司 Electric Wire & Cable Export Corporation 電線電纜出口聯營公司 Publishing Industry Trading Corporation 出版對外貿易公司 Packaging Import and Export Corporation 包裝進出口公司 Instruments Import and Export Corporation 儀器進出口公司

Historical Relics Exhibition Corporation for Foreign Countries 對外文物展覽公司 Performing Arts Agency 對外演出公司

Overseas Building Materials and Equipment Corporation 對外建筑材料設備公司 Foreign Trade Storage Corporation 對外貿易倉儲公司

foreign Trade Transportation Corporation 對外貿易運輸公司

Foreign Trade Consultation & Technical Service Corporation 對外貿易咨詢與技術服務公司

Exhibition Agency for Foreign Countries 對外展覽公司 21edu.com Export Commodities Fair 出口商品交易會

Machinery & Equipment Import and Export Corporation 機械設備進出口公司 Complete Plant import and Export Corporation 成套設備進出口公司

Communications Import and Export Service Corporation 交通進出口服務公司 Machine-building International Corporation 機械對外經濟技術合作公司 Machinery Import and Export Corporation 機械進出口公司

Corporation for International Cooperation in Agriculture, Livestock and Fishery 農牧漁業國際合作公司

Import and Export Service Company for Farms and Land Reclamation 農墾進出口服務公司

Import and Export Commodities Inspection Corporation 進出口商品檢驗公司 Technical Import and Export Corporation 技術進出口公司 Textiles Import and Export Corporation 紡織品進出口公司 Import Corporation of Textile Machinery 紡織機械進出口公司

Import Corporation of Technology of Textile Machinery 紡織機械技術進出口公司 Metallurgical Import and Export Corporation 冶金進出口公司 Forestry Import and Export Company 林業進出口公司

Forestry Machinery Import and Export Company 林業機械進出口公司

International Packaging Leasing Corporation Ltd.國際包裝租賃有限公司

International Non-ferrous Metals Leasing Corporation Ltd.國際有色金屬租賃有限公司

International Book Trading Corporation 國際圖書貿易有限公司

International Economic Consultants Incorporation 國際經濟咨詢公司 International Marine Containers Ltd.國際海運集裝股份有限公司

Light Industrial Products Import and Export Corporation 輕工業品進出口公司 Publication Import and Export Corporation 圖書進出口公司

Tea and Native Produce Import and Export Corporation 茶葉土產進出口公司 Animal Breeding Stock Import and Export Corporation 種畜進出口公司 Bearing Joint Export Corporation 軸承出口聯營公司

Aero-technology Import and Export Corporation 航空技術進出口公司 Tobacco Import and Export Corporation 煙草進出口公司 Leasing Company Ltd.租賃有限公司

Railway Foreign Service Corporation 鐵路對外服務公司

Cereals, Oil and Foodstuffs Import and Export Corporation 糧油食品進出口公司 21edu.com Coal Import and Export Corporation 煤炭進出口公司

Microforms Import and Export Corporation 縮型出版物進出口公司

Precision Machinery Import and Export corporation 精密機械進出口公司 Abrasives Export Corporation 磨料磨具進出口公司

Scientific Instrument import and Export Corporation 科學儀器進出口公司 foreign Trade Corporation 對外貿易公司

Aquatic Products Import and Export Corporation 水產進出口公司 Ceramics Import and Export Corporation 陶瓷進出口公司

International Cooperation Corporation of Economics and Technology 國際經濟技術進出口公司

Trading Company 貿易公司

comprehensive Trading Company 綜合貿易公司 Trade Development Company 貿易發展公司

Overseas Economic Trading Company 海外經濟貿易公司 Investment Company 投資公司 Trust Company 信托公司

International Trust and Investment Company 國際信托投資公司 Loan Investment Company 信貸投資公司

Overseas Chinese Investment Company 華僑投資公司 People's Insurance Agency 人民保險公司 Labour Insurance Agency 勞動保險公司 Life Insurance Agency 人壽保險公司

Pacific Insurance Agency 太平洋保險公司 Securities Agency 證券公司 Stock Exchange 股票交易所 Futures Exchange 期貨交易所

Commodities Futures Exchange 商品期貨交易所

Futures Brokerage Company Ltd.期貨經紀有限公司 Cereals and Oil Futures Exchange 糧油期貨交易所 郵電、水電、交通、運輸、計算機、電器、器材

Posts and Telecommunications Apparatus Company 郵電器材公司 Posts and Telecommunications Engineering Company 郵電工程公司 Running-water Company 自來水公司

Water and Electricity Construction Company 水電建設公司 Power Industry Company 電力工業公司

Electrical Installing Company 電力安裝公司 Air Line 航空公司

Shipping Company 船舶公司

Ocean Transportation Company 遠洋運輸公司 Salvage Company 打撈公司

Ocean Shipping Agency 外輪代理公司

Ocean Shipping Tally Company 外輪理貨公司 Ship-building Company 造船公司

Automobile Transportation Company 汽車運輸公司 Container Transportation Company 集裝箱運輸公司 Storage and Transportation Company 儲運公司 Taxi Company 出租汽車公司

Automobile Service Company 汽車修理公司 Ocean Shipping Supply Company 外輪供應公司 Fishing-boat Industry Company 漁船工業公司 Automobile Parts Company 汽車配件公司

Automation Engineering Company 自動化工程公司 Microcomputer Company 微電腦公司 Computer Company 計算機公司

Computer Software Development Company 計算機軟件開發公司 Hardware Company 五金公司

Household Electric Appliance Company 家用電器公司 Refrigerator Industry Company 電冰箱工業公司 Radio Apparatus Company 無線電器材公司 Performing Instrument Company 演出器材公司 Printing Apparatus Company 印刷器材公司 Teaching Instrument Company 教學儀器公司

常用中譯英詞組之人口類

1．進行全國人口普查 carry out national population census 2.總人口為? have a population of ? 3.縮小代溝 narrow the generation gap 4.重視人口老年化問題 pay attention to the problem of an aging population 5.調查性和婚姻狀況 conduct a survey on sex and marriage 6.展示明顯的差異 display a marked difference 7.反映人們的私生活 reflect people’s private lives 8.占總人口的10% account for 10% of the total population 9.實現向低出生、低死亡、低自然增長的現代人口再生產類型的轉變 bring about a transition to the modern population reproduction pattern characterized by a low birth rate，low death rate and low natural growth rate 10.過孤獨的生活 lead an isolated life 11.城市人口比例上升 the population of urban residents rose by ? 12.征求父母的意見 ask for her parents’ opinion 13.造成不同的思想和觀念 result in a different ideology and concept 14.對子女寄予厚望 pin great hopes on their children 15.享受優越的生活條件 enjoy good living condition 16.掙零花錢 earn their pocket money 17.逐漸削弱長輩的權威 undermine the authority of the older generation 18.不服從父母 disobey their parents 19.人口死亡率下降?.the death rate of the population decrease from ? to ? 20.居民的平均預期壽命提高 the people’s life-expectancy on average is raised

社會主義榮辱觀-八榮八恥 社會主義榮辱觀——八榮八恥

堅持以熱愛祖國為榮、以危害祖國為恥，以服務人民為榮、以背離人民為恥，以崇尚科學為榮、以愚昧無知為恥，以辛勤勞動為榮、以好逸惡勞為恥，以團結互助為榮、以損人利己為恥，以誠實守信為榮、以見利忘義為恥，以遵紀守法為榮、以違法亂紀為恥，以艱苦奮斗為榮、以驕奢淫逸為恥。

Socialist concept of honour and disgrace—Eight Dos and Don'ts（Eight Honors & Eight Disgraces）

Love, do not harm the motherland.Serve, don't disserve the people.Uphold science, don't be ignorant and unenlightened.Work hard, don't be lazy and hate work.Be united and help each other, don't gain benefits at the expense of others.Be honest and trustworthy, not profit-mongering at the expense of your values.Be disciplined and law-abiding instead of chaotic and lawless.Know plain living and hard struggle, do not wallow in luxuries and pleasures.《名作精譯——中國翻譯英譯漢，漢譯英選萃》青島出版社 《大學英語誦讀文選》虞建華，上海外語教育出版社 大連理工沖擊波系列人文

第五篇：64條中國諺語和俗語的俄文翻譯

64條中國諺語和俗語的俄文翻譯

彼得

這是本人在這個俄語翻譯領域的一次嘗試，錯誤和疏漏肯定不少，請各位俄語愛好者指正并不吝賜教，2010年3月）

1.沒吃早飯總是早，沒有結婚總是小！

Пока не завтракалбулькает.3.久病成醫。

После долгой болезни сам становишься хорошим врачом.4.賣瓜的不說瓜苦，賣鹽的不說鹽甜。

Продавец тыкв не говорит, что тыквы горькие, продавец вина не говорит, что вино разбавленное.5.不上高山不顯平地。

Протекает наверху, а знают об этом те, кто внизу.6.畫鬼容易畫人難。

Рисовать черта легко, рисовать тигра трудно(т.к.черта никто не видел, а тигр должен быть похож на настоящего зверя).7.好男沒好妻，賴男娶花枝。

Рысак часто везет на себе дурака, мудрая женщина часто живет с глупым мужчиной.8.少時偷針大時偷金。

С детства ворует иголкисамое вредное.13.瞎貓碰著死老鼠。

Слепой кошке попалась дохлая мышь.(О везении)

14.百病從寒起。

Сто болезней начинаются с простуды.15.借錢容易還時難。

Стоя отдают долг, на коленях просят вернуть деньги.16.前世修善今享福。

Счастье следующего века строится в этот век.17.當局者迷旁觀者清。

Тому, кто участвует в деле,бойся, что не учишься.33.不知者不罪。

Не знатьне станешь Буддой.35.爬高必跌重。

Не поднимешьсяне узнаешь высоты неба;не спустишься в безднукто говорит, что никто не знает?

38.無債一身輕。

Нет долговобщие силы.41.平常人做平常事。

Обычные люди управляют обычными делами.42.紙里包不住火。

Огонь в бумагу не завернешь.43.自生自滅。

Огородные черви в огороде и умирают.44.一枝動，十枝搖。

Одну ветку тронешьлучше сразу рассмеяться.48.疑人不用用人不疑。

Если сомневаешься в человеке, не веди с ним дела, а если ведешьэто уже добродетель.50.酒肉朋友。

Есть деньги, есть виноничего не прибавилось, нет тебязабыл о боли.54.做了壞事怕見光。

Зло, которое боится, что о нем узнают-наверняка большое.55.隔墻有耳。

И в ограде есть щели, и у стен есть уши.56.青山遮不住，畢竟東流去。

И высокая гора не заслонит солнца.57.咸魚翻身,時來運轉。

И для упавшего кирпича приходит день, когда его перевернут.58.狗嘴里吐不出象牙。

Из вороньего гнезда не возьмешь куриного яйца.59.雞蛋里挑骨頭。

Искать кости в курином яйце.60.人勤地不懶。

Когда человек трудолюбив, то и земля не ленится.61.養兵千日用兵一時。

Кормят войска тысячу дней, а используют одну минуту.62.近水樓臺先得月。

Кто ближе к огню, тот первым и сгорает.63.一分錢掰成兩半花

Трястись над каждой копейкой

64.打著燈籠沒處找的好女婿

Суженого конем не объедешь.