第一篇:高考作文分類專項(四)興 趣 愛 好
高考作文分類專項
(四)興 趣 愛 好
一、基礎積累
(1)surf the internet上網(2)chat online 在線聊天(3)enjoy popular music 喜歡流行音樂
(4)be fond of/be keen on喜歡…(5)have some hobbies有一些愛好
(6)be interested in對……感興趣(7)take an interest in對……感興趣
(8)be crazy about...對……著迷(9)come to like...越來越喜歡
(10)develop a great liking for...漸漸愛上
(11)I prefer watching a TV show to going to a concert.我寧愿看電視表演,而不愿去聽音樂會。
(12)He goes for playing on-line games.他喜歡玩在線游戲。
(13)Shopping is my favorite hobby in my spare time.購物是我閑暇時最喜歡的愛好。
(14)I hate visiting museums, for I think they are boring.我討厭參觀博物館,因為我覺得它們讓人感到無趣。
二、基礎寫作:就家長反對自己集郵寫求助信
假如你熱衷集郵,但家長并不支持,于是你向一個學生心聲的專欄寫信咨詢解決的辦法。內容包括:
1.你的意見:(1)增長知識;(2)減壓;(3)掙錢。2.家長意見:(1)浪費錢;(2)占了學習時間。
基礎寫作:就家長反對自己集郵寫求助信
I’ve always been fond of collecting stamps since I was a child.As far as I’m concerned,collecting stamps is a meaningful hobby, helping me to know a lot.Besides,dealing with my collection of stamps not only gives me great satisfaction but also helps me relax under the great pressure of studies.What’s more,I even earn money by selling some stamps and my collection will be more valuable as times goes by.However,my parents are strongly against it for they consider it as a waste of money and they also think that sorting out my stamps may take up too much of my time,which should be spent on my studies.三、舉一反三:該不該迫使孩子學習他們不感興趣的才藝
培養孩子的興趣愛好是非常必要的,但現在有很多家長一味地追求子女的多才多藝,迫使孩子學習他們不感興趣的東西,請你以大約120個詞談談對這種現象的看法,內容包括:
(1)你是否贊同上述家長的做法;(2)以你或你朋友的經歷說明你的觀點;
(3)呼吁家長們要尊重孩子的意愿。
任務寫作:該不該迫使孩子學習他們不感興趣的才藝
Today’s children are lucky to have many opportunities to develop their talents.But on the other hand,a lot of parents push their children too hard.(26 words)
In that case,I don’t envy them.It is true that good hobbies make life more colorful and enjoyable.However,things are different if children take no interest in the “hobby” that their parents choose for them.Without interest as motivation,they find it a burden rather than a hobby.My 6-year-old neighbour often cries while practicing the piano.She is busier on weekends than on weekdays because she has to attend many extracurricular activities.Her mother complains that she even sleeps in class.Therefore, parents should see the bad effects from their over-effort to cultivate children’s talents.Parents are supposed to help children learn what they are interested in.Only in this way can they learn well and be happy!(121 words)
第二篇:高考作文分類評析
現在我們來聊聊作文,這是個多少有點讓人感到沮喪和尷尬的話題,高考作文占了三分之一還要多,沒有哪個同學會不重視作文,現在充斥市場的作文寶典、作文訓練大全、優秀作文示范可從一個側面反映出對作文訓練的用力之猛,與此同時存在的事實是:無論什么樣的題目學生寫出來的作文都是一個調調,實驗班與平行班的作文分數相差無幾,怎樣訓練作文平均分都在四十分上下,這種局面嚴重影響了同學們寫作文的積極性。
好作文的好大家都很清楚,但是準確找出作文中的病,并以此為基礎尋找相應的教學手段,才更是一種建設性的思考。結合這些年主持高考語文評卷經驗,今天對于當前高考作文之病略作梳理與探究,不當之處,請大家批評。
“平”:這一類作文沒有跑題,對材料主旨的理解恰當,立論正確,表達也清楚,全文結構完整層次分明,找不出明顯的缺陷,但讀起來平淡乏味,你說不出它哪里不對,但也沒有哪一句話能夠進入你的內心,如《莫讓生活失衡》的立論為“生活需要保持一種平衡,我們不只要從物質上滿足精神的平衡,更要從多方面豐富它,使它更加多彩迷人在我們前行的路上更要時刻保持一份平衡的心態,不因妒忌而失去原則,不因艷羨而貪圖富貴忘了本性。”《生活的平衡木》中心論點為“我們也需要過一種平衡的生活,不至于由于一邊過重而使我們倒下。我們的生活不能一味地去勞作,也不能一味地去娛樂,這樣的生活將會失去意義,勞逸結合可以使我們生活充滿陽光”這毫無疑問是正確的,也僅僅是正確而已,止于最普通的認識,缺乏思想的深度、高度,也就沒有思想的力量。寫出這樣作文的學生其寫作的基本技能是沒有問題的,文從字順、清楚明了,要讓他們的作文上50分,需要培養其理性認識、辯證分析的能力。認識能力的培養需要一個較長的過程,如果能著眼于青年世界觀人生觀價值觀養成,系統探討人與自然關系、科學進步與社會發展、當代社會的倫理道德、現代社會的人際關系、健康的人生價值取向等問題,既滋養了思想與情感,又為考試積淀了思想基礎。需要說明的是,對這些問題要真正地探討,而不是找一些格言之類讓學生背,老師要做充分的準備引導學生思考,選取恰當的切入點,這對老師的要求很高。寫好作文,有時功夫在寫之外,老師教好作文,功夫在教之外。語文老師的語文生活。
“亂”:這一類作文立論正確,論點也比較清晰,全文的結構是完整的,但細看之下就會發覺作者的思路糾纏不清、論證中邏輯關系不清晰,表述不到位,給人的整體印象是混亂瑣碎。比如《過上一種平和的生活》論點為“人生,應該過寧靜祥和的生活,不以物喜,不以己悲”,觀點大致是不錯的,但文章中的論證則牽強附會,如“過上一種平和的生活,是敗也如清水穿石,有窮且志堅,不墜青云之志的倔強傲岸”,語言不倫不類,語意不明,又舉孔子人生的為例,與平和不搭。《生活永不平衡》的論點為“生活的不平衡正是因為生活中充滿了各種問題,生存、生活、理想......而人生的意義正是去解決這些問題,在不平衡中一直進取。”作者用美國海豹突擊隊的經歷來證明自己的觀點:“一位久經沙場的海豹突擊隊員在他的回憶錄中記敘了一個悲劇般的故事;作者及另外三人參加一次獵殺基地組織重要任務,然而不料被敵軍發現,敵方集結了至少200人以上的兵力,對其死人在山林中進行了圍追堵截。最后他們中的三人戰死,只剩下唯一的幸存者,孤獨的幸存者。4人對戰200人,常人無法想象的懸殊,極端的差距。雖然這是海豹突擊隊史上最黑暗的一員,然而他們雖敗猶榮,他們也許深知自己的命運,但是他們依然拿起槍繼續戰斗,即使沉重的子彈將他們擊倒,他們也拔出手炮,直到打完最后一個彈匣。這正是一種可貴的精神。毫不畏懼實力的懸殊,這種精神才讓一個國家為之驕傲。”也許作者對海豹突擊隊的這一經歷印象很深,感慨頗多,但是,他顯然沒有找到這個事件與自己論點之間的關聯,或者說沒有把這種關系表述出來。閱卷時,有的作文乍一看似乎還行,細讀又不知所云,就往往是這種情況。解決這類問題重在培養思維的邏輯性,要做到文章的內容無論走多遠、內容多復雜,都是或遠或近、或直接或間接地證明自己的中心觀點;達到這個目標不能一蹴而就,要從小到大。先叫學生分析一些單個的事例或人物或故事,學會使用恰當的敘述方式自然牽引出事例中蘊含的觀念、命題和思想,1
最后一定要落到故事包含的道理上,不妨使用因為所以的句式、三段論的格式來尋找其中的道理,當已經能夠準確輕松地找出其中的道理時,再嘗試把多個事例或故事聯結起來,這個時候要考慮多個事例之間的關系,一定要構成明確的關系,全文才會緊湊,《生活永不平衡》 中的兩個事例韓寒和海豹突擊隊的關系就不清晰,顯得混亂,而《物質生活與精神生活的平衡》房姐和牛頓“前一段時間,新聞里放的沸沸揚揚的“房姐”壟愛愛,無疑。她是一個只追求物質生活的而放棄精神生活的人。一個人,兩個戶口,幾十套房子,試想她工商銀行行長的職位能換來這些報酬嗎?在她追求物質生活時,她忘記了道德,丟棄了精神生活。所以,她的結果不會好,她的優越的物質生活不會永遠存在。而牛頓,卻是和“房姐”相反的人。晚年的牛頓,放棄了對自然科學的研究,轉而研究神學。在他的研究中,他忽略了物質生活,一心追求一個理想的世界。他沉迷于他的精神生活當中。一心向往神學,向往上帝。最終,他迷失在了自己的精神生活中不能自拔,走到了錯誤的路口。試想,牛頓在追求精神生活時如果能不忘記對物質生活的研究那么他的成就定不只“三大力學定律”那些了吧!”則簡潔有力。
“飄”:飄的作文問題主要在審題立意上,立論看似符合題意又不真正符合題意,這是因為學生對材料的理解、概括存在問題。材料作文的立意往往多元,題中一般會說“根據閱讀材料后中的感悟、聯想與思考”來寫作文,要總體把握材料所包含的意義與思想,“不要脫離材料內容及含義”是指作文的立意與材料所蘊含、體現的思想內容以及可以從材料中引申得到的思想與情感相關,這種相關是指整體意義上的相關,不是字、詞、句子、段落的直接引用與粘貼。如果學生缺乏對材料的整體把握,斷章取義地尋找同義詞、近義詞,立論就會飄到一邊去。今年作文主題是平衡的生活,與平淡、平凡、平常有關系,但平衡的生活不一定就平淡、平凡、平常,一些作文單純地談平淡、平凡、平常的內涵則飄得過遠了。《平凡的生活,不平凡的人生》談平凡的生活與不平凡的人生的辯證關系,這種認識本身沒有錯,但與材料的關系就飄渺了,《精彩人生——閑適》通篇談閑適,也扣得偏了,材料中包含了閑適的意味,但重心是在平衡的生活。對材料的把握實質是要把握現象背后的本質,能在復雜零散的材料中提出核心的思想來,要集中地做概括材料的練習,去年我講過三句話練習,讓學生面對大量的材料寫三句話概括材料的主旨,一個材料可以寫多個三句話(多元立意),用高強度的思維活動來磨礪學生的理性思辨。
“浮”:這類作文的通病是語言華美,好用歷史人物、典故的描繪壯大聲勢,縱橫古今、談玄闡幽,貌似深刻與豐富,實際上全篇內容散漫,無具體的觀點,也沒有中心統帥文中的材料,空洞蒼白,寫作的追求停留于漂亮單句的制作上。《于江渚之中看見》就是典型的“浮泛”之文,作者用辛棄疾“于寂寞之中尋求平衡”,李清照“于離散之中尋求平衡”,莊子“于濮水之中尋覓平衡”結構全文,看起來似都是以“平衡”中心,但是全文中毫無對“平衡”的詮釋,也無對平衡的生活的理解,至于平衡如何與寂寞、離散、濮水關聯 起來,更是毫無邏輯可 言,于是就單個的句子而言都是美麗的,通觀全文則不知所云。《平衡,當清水出芙蓉而雕之》也是這樣,標題即是文章的中心觀點,在文中三次重復,作者是有意造成結構嚴謹之象,但就是標題中的兩個句子也是不搭的,無論是常規的思維還是這篇文章的具體闡釋,都沒有把二者關聯起來,因此這個句子是沒有意義的,如果這個句子成立,那么可以把平衡置換成任何詞語。這樣的浮泛之文不是偶然的一個兩個,每年都會見到一些,而且寫法都差不多,我認為原因在于導向問題。第一是對文章之美的理解停留于膚淺表面,以好詞麗句的營造代替對思想理性和激情的追求;第二是在寫作練習上的舍本逐末,放棄理性認識的提高、邏輯思維磨礪、觀察世界的體驗,專致于文章結構、遣詞造句、堆砌材料等技巧的熟練,寫作出來的是沒有認識、沒有情感、沒有靈魂的三無產品;第三是應試策略上的投機心理,以為在時間相對匆忙的評卷過程中,可以單憑好詞麗句博得評卷人的青睞,掩蓋其蒼白空洞的實質。不是不能寫好詞麗句,關鍵是寫有內容的好詞麗句。《平衡生活,自在清歡》
也是好詞麗句,但是有內容:“平衡生活,既不放任于完全的閑適,亦不做風雨中孤獨永恒的漂泊者和跋涉者。在跋涉中需要一個詩意的停頓,在停泊中亦不可忘卻靠岸后登陸搏擊的浩然之氣。平衡生活,不是一味朝平淡或激進那一方靠近,而是在中間尋得一個恰到好處的平衡點,以其共同作用達到蘇軾所言“人間有味是清歡”的境界。”
“木”:“木”是走到了“浮”的反面的毛病,這類作文立論淺露,表達簡單直白,內容較為單薄,給人質木無文的感覺,難以博得高分。孔子說:質勝文則野,文勝質則詩。《平衡不如精通》:“平衡的生活,雖說什么都會,但也只是略懂,跟真正的大師相比,那就是自不量力。平衡,也是一種平淡,不去追求,不去拼命,怎能得到自己想要的,滿足即便是此時此刻的需求。”不是詞不達意,而是詞與意都不精彩。《生活的平衡木》用設問句貫穿全文,使得文章線索很清楚,可惜的是幾個問句不夠精練有力量:生活,需要平衡,如果只是一味地學習和工作,不知道那樣的你將會是怎樣的,生活,需要平衡,如果只是一味地娛樂和享受,不知道那樣的你又將會是怎么樣的,生活,需要平衡,如果你是一個勞逸結合的人,那么你又會是怎樣的呢? 這樣的學生,就要有意識地多作句子練習,設定一些觀點,嘗試用排比句、比喻句表達,練習使用象征手法、比喻手法、夸張手法,還要積累一些內涵深厚、雋永精警的詞匯,以提高文章的文化品味。
第三篇:高考作文分類專項(七)節假日活動
高考作文分類專項
(七)節假日活動
一、基礎積累
1.中國節日名稱
(1)The Spring Festival春節(2)The Dragon Boat Festival端午節(3)The Mid-autumn Festival中秋節
(4)New Year’s Day元旦(5)National Day國慶節(6)International Labor Day五一勞動節
(7)Teachers’ Day教師節(8)Children’s Day兒童節(9)Women’s Day婦女節
(10)Tomb-sweeping Day清明節(11)Double Ninth Festival重陽節(12)Lantern Festival元宵節
2.西方節日名稱
(1)Christmas day 圣誕節(2)Thanksgiving Day 感恩節(3)Valentine’s Day 情人節
(4)April Fool’s Day 愚人節(5)Halloween Day 萬圣節(6)Easter Day 復活節
(7)Mothers’ Day 母親節(8)Fathers’ day 父親節
3.相關句子
(1)National Day is coming.國慶節快到了。
(2)National Day falls on Monday this year.今年國慶節是星期一。
(3)We celebrated the New Year with a dance party.我們舉行舞會來慶祝新年。
二、基礎寫作:邀請美國朋友在春節期間來中國(據2009年山東卷改編)
假設你是李華,曾在美國學習半年,現已回國。你想聯系你的美國老師Mr.Smith,但沒有其聯系方式。請根據以下要點給你的美國同學Tom 寫一封信:
1.感謝Tom對你英語學習的幫助; 2.詢問Mr.smith 的近況并索要其聯系方式;
3.邀請Tom在春節期間來中國感受中國文化。
Dear Tom,In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in New York.Additionally,I have been missing our English professor,Mr.Smith.I desire to contact him for some suggestions on improving my listening ability.However,his e-mail address is not available,so would you mind delivering it to me via the online mailbox
I am more than delighted to invite you to join us to celebrate the Spring Festival-Chinese Lunar New Year so that I can repay your friendship.With my best regards!
Yours cordially,Li Hua
三、舉一反三:母親節我為母親做了什么和打算做什么
1.用大約30個詞概括短文內容要點;2.然后以大約120個詞發表你的觀點,包括如下要點:
(1)你是否認為只有女孩才能向父母表達愛;(2)回憶今年的母親節,你做了什么;(3)你今后應當如何做。Love our Mothers
On Mother’s Day, the author found it hard to say “I love you” to his mother.However, thinking of the kindness of his mother, he was determined to give her an unexpected card with love.(34 words)
What the writer did this time is very dutiful.In my opinion, boys can show their respect to their parents as well as girls.They both can express their appreciation to them, because, after all,each parent has paid out so much for their children’s growth.To celebrate Mother’s Day this year, I bought a bunch of pretty flowers with a card on it,reading, “You are the best mom that a daughter has ever had.I love you, Mum!”
From now on, to express my love to my mother, I am going to do more housework,cooking, washing, cleaning and shopping, which seems to be endless.By doing these, I will come to realize that, as a matter of fact, mum is very toilsome(辛苦的)all the time.(128 words)
第四篇:高考作文分類專項(十) 飲食健康
高考作文分類專項
(十)飲食健康
一、基礎積累
(1)suffer from 遭受, 患上(2)near-sighted近視的(3)feel stressed/depressed 感到緊張/沮喪
(4)have a pain in...某處疼痛(5)mentally unhealthy 心理不健康的(6)relax oneself 自我輕松
(7)relieve pressure 緩解壓力(8)go on diet 節食;proper diet恰當的飲食
(9)take three meals on time 按時吃三餐(10)eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品
(11)(un)healthy eating habits(不)健康的飲食習慣(12)be high /low/rich in...……含量高/低/豐富
(13)be optimistic/ pessimistic about 對……樂觀/悲觀(14)physical and mental condition 生理和心理狀況
(15)feel weak(well, terrible, sick)感覺虛弱(健康/很糟/惡心)
(16)face difficulties/setbacks with courage 勇敢面對困難/挫折
(17)An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一只蘋果不用看醫生。(諺語)
(18)Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富有和聰明。
二、基礎寫作:提醒朋友注意衛生,預防甲流
你從電視上看到美國正流行甲型H1N1流感(A/H1N1 flu),部分學校停課。你為你正在美國上學的筆友Mike的健康與安全擔心。
請給Mike寫一封email,內容包括:
1.建議
(1)盡量呆在家里,少去人多的地方;(2)勤洗手,講衛生;(3)多開窗,保持空氣新鮮;(4)多吃水果蔬菜。
2.安慰他不要擔心.Dear Mike,From the TV I know many A/H1N1 flu cases are reported recently in the United States and many schools are closed as a result.I’m so worried about you.Are you all right? Are there any HINI flu cases in your school?
To stay away from the disease, you’d better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people.Besides, you should wash your hands more often so as to keep them clean.Also,keeping the windows open to have more fresh air in the room is helpful.And above all, it does a lot of good to you if you eat more fruit and vegetable, for doing this can help keep you fit and strong.The disease is not so deadly as it seems to be,so do be at ease!Take care and you’ll be OK.Yours truly,Li Hua
三、舉一反三:面對挫折(setback)時如何保持心理健康
1.以約30詞概括所閱讀短文的主要內容;
2.以約120詞就“面對挫折(setback)時如何保持心理健康?”發表看法,內容包括:
(1)請舉例描述你遭遇過的挫折(2)你是怎樣看待挫折的?(3)就面對挫折如何保持心理健康提出一些建議。Despite the efforts made by the government,many college graduates failed to get a good job this year and felt depressed and ashamed.What’s worse, some of them committed suicide, just like Miss Liu in this report.(37 words)
I came across many setbacks in my study and life.For example, I failed in my math final exam when I was in Senior One.Knowing the result, I cried hard.I analyzed the situation and studied harder.With all my efforts and the help of others, I finally became good at math and passed many exams.In my opinion, setbacks are harsh teachers, but the lessons we learn from them can be invaluable.When setbacks happen,we should be brave and stay optimistic.It is a good way to relieve the pain to turn to our trusted ones for comfort, see a funny movie, listen to music, or visit a beautiful place.After we cool down, maybe we can gain something out of this painful experience.(127words)
第五篇:高考作文分類專項(六) 計劃和愿望
高考作文分類專項
(六)計劃和愿望
一、基礎積累
1)feel like doing想要做(2)be prepared to do準備做(3)decide/ be determined to決定
(4)mean /plan/intend to do計劃做(5)look forward to doing盼望做(6)have a desire to do希望做
(7)long/hope/wish/want to do渴望/希望/想做
(8)He planned to go abroad for further studies.他計劃出國學習深造。
(9)So I am determined to meet the challenge.因此,我準備迎接挑戰。
(10)There’ll be a football game in our school this week.本周我們學校有一場足球比賽。
(11)Think twice before you do.三思而后行。
(12)Great hopes make great man.偉大的抱負造就偉大的人。
(13)Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望,做最壞的打算。
二、基礎寫作:
假如你是王躍華,寫一封申請信,報名參加其中一門課程的學習。主要內容包括:
(1)你感興趣的課程;(2)你期望從這門課程中學到什么;(3)為什么想學這些內容。
Dear leader,I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses, such as gardening,cooking,self-defence, nursing and so on.I want to register to attend a course about gardening because I have liked flowers and grasses since I was a little child.I especially like playing in the garden where I can enjoy the beauty of nature.For one thing,I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college.Besides, I can realize the bitterness of the gardeners to treasure the plants much more, and at the same time, I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more easily when I enter university.For another, after graduation from college I will devote my life to cultivating the flowers and grasses to turn our country into a more beautiful state and attract many more foreigners to visit our country.Yours,Wang Yuehua
三、舉一反三:做教師
以約120個詞就“做教師”這個話題進行議論,內容包括:
(1)可以不與社會上各種各樣的人交往;(2)在教學中可以不斷充實、提高自己;(3)在學生眼中,老師是值得尊敬和信賴的人;(4)不同學生的不同思想可以豐富生活內容;(5)教師的地位會越來越高。
I Want to Be a Teacher
I dream of being a teacher.I love the job and believe it is the best one in the world.Firstly, I don’t like associating with all kinds of people, which is not safe.Being a teacher,I don’t have to get in touch with the people I dislike.Secondly,I have more chances and time to enrich myself in dealing with my students’ questions.People sometimes need to be pushed to learn new ideas.Thirdly, in students’ eyes,most of their teachers are trusty and respectable and this is what I am after and value a great deal.Lastly,different students have different characters and ideas,from which I can gain benefit for my life.Above all, education would be more and more important, together with the teachers’ position.That’s why I love to be a teacher.(138 words)