第一篇：《2012年英語高考非謂語動詞(二)》學案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》學案

一、學習目標

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

二、學習重難點

1、學習重點：非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、學習難點：非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

三、學習過程

（一）課前預習

1、課前預習：非謂語動詞。

2、參考資料：教材或輔導用書中相關部分。

（二）課堂探究

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？

（三）拓展練習

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_ nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working

（四）課后作業

1、復習一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。

3、復習非謂語動詞的重點考點和易錯考點。

第二篇：2012年高考英語《非謂語動詞(二)》教案

《非謂語動詞

（二）》教案

一、教學目標

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

二、教學重難點

1、教學重點：非謂語動詞的重點考點；

2、教學難點：非謂語動詞的易錯考點。

三、教學過程

（一）問題排行榜（Hit the charts）

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？

（二）攻克難點（Overcome difficulties）

1、非謂語動詞的重點考點都有哪些？

高考考點聚焦： 1.非謂語動詞做狀語 2.非謂語動詞做定語

考點一.非謂語動詞的邏輯主語

______ around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.(2011·遼寧卷30)A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering 1.It's ＋ adj.＋ for / of sb.to do sth.句型中的不定式的邏輯主語

為“sb.”。

2.非謂語動詞作狀語時，他們的邏輯主語一般就是句子的主語。當非謂語動詞的動作由句子主語發出時，非謂語動詞用主動形式；當非謂語動詞的動作是句子主語所承受時，用過去分詞或不定式、動詞的-ing形式的被動形式。3.“代詞主格或名詞的普通格 ＋ 非謂語動詞”構成獨立主格結構。非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞。

4．動名詞復合結構由“物主代詞或名詞所有格＋動名詞”構成獨立主格結構。這種結構既可用作主語，也可用作賓語，但作賓語時，還可用代詞賓格或名詞普通格＋動名詞結構。

5．不定式的復合結構：for sb.to do sth.。考點二.獨立成分作狀語

______you the truth, I feel like ______ to bed now.A.Telling;going B.To tell;going C.Telling;to go D.To tell;to go

非謂語動詞作獨立成分的有： judging by/ from, provided/ providing, given, to be true, to tell you the truth等。考點三.非謂語動詞的時態

例1：Claire had her luggage ______ an hour before her plane left.(2011·陜西卷14)A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked 例2：The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house.(2011·新課標卷27)A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 動詞不定式一般表示在謂語動作之后的事情，要表示發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前的事情，須用不定式的完成式；動詞的-ing形式一般表示與謂語動詞動作同時進行的動作，若要表示發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前的事情，須用動詞的-ing形式的完成式。考點四.非謂語動詞的句法功能 1.作主語、表語：

動名詞表示一般性、經常性的動作。不定式表示一次性的動作。動名詞、不定式作主語常用it作其形式主語，但no use, no good作表語時，真正主語常用動名詞。

2.作賓語：

(1)有些動詞只跟動名詞作賓語

常用的這類動詞有： mind, finish, enjoy, excuse, imagine, keep, practice, suggest, miss, consider, prevent, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, admit, delay, escape, permit, forbid等。(2)有些動詞只跟不定式作賓語

常用的這類動詞有： want, wish, hope, expect, agree, decide, learn, pretend, ask, promise, plan, refuse, beg, demand, manage, offer, prepare, claim, struggle等。

(3)remember, forget, regret后接動名詞和不定式的區別：后接動名詞表示先于謂語動詞的動作；后接不定式表示后于謂語動詞的動作。

(4)want, need, require和deserve后接動名詞和不定式的用法：當它們后面所接的動詞與句子的主語是動賓關系時，用動名詞的主動式或不定式的被動式。

(5)在try, stop, mean, go on, can't help后，用動名詞和不定式所表達的含義不同，要注意： try doing sth.試著做某事 try to do sth.盡力做某事 stop doing sth.停止做某事

stop to do sth.停下來做另一件不同的事 mean doing sth.意味著做某事 mean to do sth.打算做某事 go on doing sth.繼續做剛做的事 go on to do sth.繼續做另一件事 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 can't help(to)do sth.不能幫助做某事 3.作賓語補足語：

例1： Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ______ of his own dreams.(2011·重慶卷33)A.reminding B.to remind C.reminded D.remind 例2： Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words.(2011·浙江卷14)A.lose B.lost

C.to lose D.having lost 熟悉并掌握哪些動詞或短語如advise, allow, like, wish, want, help等須接不定式作賓語補足語；哪些動詞或短語如find, suggest, lead to等可接動詞的-ing形式作賓語補足語；

哪些動詞或短語如feel, see, watch, hear, have 等既可接動詞的-ing形式又可接過去分詞作賓語補足語；何時用主動形式作賓語補足語，何時用被動形式或過去分詞作賓語補足語，一般由非謂語動詞與賓語的關系確定。4.作定語：

例1：On receiving a phone call from his wife ______ she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office.(2011·江西卷32)A.says B.said C.saying D.to say 例2：Tsinghua University, ______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011·福建卷23)A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded(1)注意非謂語動詞的形式，不定式作定語一般用主動式，只有當不定式的邏輯主語不是句子的主語或賓語時，才用被動式；現在分詞作定語表示主動意義，動作正在進行；過去分詞一般表示被動、完成含義。

(2)非謂語動詞的位置：非謂語動詞短語作定語時，都要放在所修飾的詞之后；單個的動詞的-ing形式或過去分詞作定語時，一般放在所修飾的詞之前。不及物動詞的不定式作定語，與修飾的名詞構成動賓關系時，不及物動詞后面的介詞不能丟。

5.不定式與現在分詞作結果狀語的區別：

不定式、現在分詞都能表示結果，其區別是：不定式一般表示出乎意料的結果，不定式前常用only修飾；而動詞的-ing形式表示自然或必然的結果。More highways have been built in China, ______ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2011·陜西卷20)A.making B.made C.to make D.having made 考點五.不定式to的省略

1.動詞see, watch, hear, feel, notice, observe, look at, listen to, let, have, make 接不定式作賓補時，不定式的to須省略，但句子變為被動語態時，不定式的to不能省略。

2.why, would rather, had better, may as well, cannot(help / choose)but等后須跟省to的不定式。

3.介詞but, except等前若有行為動詞do, 其后常用省to的不定式作賓語；若沒有行為動詞do, 則用帶to的不定式。

4.不定式作表語時，若主語中有行為動詞do 的某一形式時，不定式的to可有可無。

例1： It was a pity that the famous painter died ______ his painting unfinished.A.of B.from C.out D.with 例2：With his mother ______ him, he is getting on well with his work.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped 考點六.with 復合結構在句中一般作狀語和定語，常見形式有： 1．“with+名詞/代詞+介詞短語”。

The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.2.“with+名詞/代詞+形容詞”。

He likes to sleep with the door open.3.“with+名詞/代詞+副詞”。

The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.4.“with+名詞/代詞+名詞”。

He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul.5.“with+名詞/代詞+done”。在此結構中，過去分詞和賓語是被動關系，表示動作已經完成。

With the problem solved, he went out to play.6.“with+名詞/代詞+-ing分詞”。此結構強調名詞是-ing分詞的動作的發出者或某動作、狀態正在進行。

He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him.7.“with+賓語+to do”。此結構中，不定式和賓語是被動關系，表示尚未發生的動作。

With nothing to do, I'll go out for a walk in the park.（三）方法列舉（List methods）

2、非謂語動詞都有哪些易錯考點？ 非謂語動詞作定語

盲點一：不定式(to do)，現在分詞(v-ing)和過去分詞(v-ed)做定語的區別 【真題導航】 A.to be held B.held We are invited to a party ____in our club next Friday（2009山東）.C.being held D.holding We are invited to a party _____in our club yesterday.We are invited to a party _________in our club now.A.to be held 盲點二：

動詞不定式主動形式(to do)和被動形式(to be done)做定語的區別 技巧點撥：關鍵看不定式的動作是否由句子的主語來完成的。注意：動詞不定式主動形式(to do)做定語是高考的常考點和重點。非謂語動詞做狀語

盲點三：to do 做目的狀語和現在分詞(v-ing)做狀語的區別 解題支招 ： to do 做目的狀語不能用逗號和前面隔開。【陷阱題】

Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last A.help B.to have helped C.to help D.having helped 盲點四：分詞的一般式（v-ing）和完成式（having done）用法區別（2005全國卷I）

A.caused B.causing C.to cause D.having caused 【姊妹題】

It rained heavily in the south, ____serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津)A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause 方法點撥：方法一：判斷分詞動作和主句動作發生的前后順序 方法二：狀語從句還原法 【練一練】

___________________（bite）twice, the postman refused to deliver our B.held C.being held D.holding year, ______ reduce unemployment pressures.（2009江蘇）

The storm left, ____ a lot of damage to this area.letters unless we chained our dog.(2009北京）

=Because the postman had been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.盲點五：only +to do 做結果狀語和現在分詞（v-ing）做結果狀語的區別。小結 ：only+ to do表示意料之外的結果；現在分詞（doing)表示意料之中的結果。

盲點六：分詞作狀語和獨立主格的區別：

難點內容：用分詞做狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，否則，就應使用狀語從句，或者調整句子的主語用獨立主格結構，with的復合結構。

（１）Given more help, the project will be completed earlier.改: If we are given more help, the project will be completed earlier.(狀語從句)Given more help, we will complete the project earlier.（調整主語）Broken his leg, he couldn’t go to school.改: His leg broken, he couldn’t go to school.（獨立主格結構）He couldn’t go to school with his leg broken.（with的復合結構）不定式常作目的狀語，分詞常作其他狀語，它們的邏輯主語必須與句子主語保持一致。

1.Seeing from the top of the hill, the park looks very beautiful.2.Not knowing her address, so I can’t get in touch with her.3.Being dark, she didn’t dare to go out alone.句型轉換：將下列句子變為獨立主格結構。

4.When night came on, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.=______________________, we put ourselves up in a small hotel.5.When all the guests were seated, they began their dinner.=___________________________, they began their dinner.盲點七：非謂語動詞的否定式

小結：not和非謂語動詞連用，要放在非謂語動詞的前面。即：not to do;not doing;not done 1.不定式(to do)，現在分詞(v-ing)和過去分詞(v-ed)做定語的區別 不定式表將來，現在分詞表主動進行，過去分詞表被動完成。

2.動詞不定式主動形式(to do)和被動形式(to be done)做定語的區別.關鍵看不定式的動作是否由句子的主語來完成的。

3.to do 做目的狀語和現在分詞(v-ing)做狀語的區別：to do 做目的狀語不能用逗號和前面隔開。

4.分詞的一般式（v-ing）和完成式（having done）用法區別方法一：判斷分詞動作和主句動作發生的前后順序 方法二：狀語從句還原法

5.only +to do 做結果狀語和現在分詞（v-ing）做結果狀語的區別。only+ to do表示意料之外的結果；現在分詞（doing)表示意料之中的結果。6.非謂語動詞的否定式

not和非謂語動詞連用，要放在非謂語動詞的前面。即：not to do;not doing;not done 7.分詞作狀語和獨立主格的區別：

用分詞做狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致，否則，就應使用狀語從句，或者調整句子的主語用獨立主格結構，with的復合結構。

（四）能力拓展（Develop skills）

1、【2011全國卷,27】The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞作狀語的用法。

【解析】句意為“接下來我們看到的是煙霧從房子的后面冒出來。”rise升起來和see看到這兩個動作是同時發生的，因此選擇現在進行的形式表示非謂語動詞動作和謂語動詞動作同時發生。選B。

2、【2011全國卷II,15】The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A.joining B.to join C.joined D.having joined 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“因為有一座橋與大陸連接，那個島嶼很容易去。”join是及物動詞，但空格后沒有賓語，故使用join的過去分詞形式，充當表示狀態或性質的形容詞用，選項A、B、D都是主動式，需要后接賓語，因此排除。選C。

3、【2011全國卷II,18】Sarah pretended to be cheerful, nothing about the argument.A.says B.said C.to say D.saying

【答案】D 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Sarah假裝開心，對那次爭論什么也沒說。”A和B項是謂語動詞形式，句中沒有連詞，故排除；C項是作目的狀語，而句中是伴隨狀態，故選D。

4、【2011北京卷,25】It’s important for the figures regularly.A.to be updated B.to have been updated C.to update D.to have updated 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“經常更新這些數值很重要。”B和D項表示發生過的某件具體的事，但句尾的regularly表示經常發生的事，故用一般現在時。for引出的邏輯主語the figures與update存在著被動關系，故選A。

5、【2011北京卷,33】Sit down, Emma.You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Emma，你坐下吧。老這么站著你會累的。”A項to keep是表示將來。C項having kept和D項to have kept表示動作先發生。make yourself more tired與keeping on you feet同時進行，故選B。

6、【2011天津卷,7】Passeagers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B.carrying C.to be carried D.being carried 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“旅客只可以隨身攜帶一件行李登機。”permit sb.to do sth.允許某人做某事，句中是被動語態，Passeagers是carry的邏輯主語，用主動式，故選A。

7、【2011天津卷,12】 into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.Translating B.Translated C.To translate D.Having translated 【答案】B 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“翻譯成英語后，發現這個句子的詞序全變了。”the sentence與translate之間存在著被動關系，故用過去分詞，答案B。

8、【2011上海春招,34】Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house, newly cleaned and polished.A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Mike在他屋子外的大街上發現了他丟失的汽車，看上去剛擦得干干凈凈，還打過臘。”A項looked是謂語形式，但句中沒有連詞；B項不定式to look和D項to be looking如果都表結果，那只能由Mike執行這個動作，與題意不符；C項looking表明車子的特性，作伴隨狀語，故選C。

9、【2011上海春招,36】 in 1955, Disneyland in California is regarded by many as the riginal fun park.A.Opened B.Having opened C.Opening D.Being opened 【答案】A 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“很多人認為1955年開業的加利福尼亞迪斯尼樂園非常有趣。”open開業，與Disneyland之間存在著被動關系；D項Being opened表正在進行，但開業的事實已經發生，故選A。

10、【2011上海春招,40】Harrison Ford is thought to be one of the few movie stars as a carpenter before.A.to work B.to be working C.to have worked D.to have been working 【答案】C 【考點】考查非謂語動詞。

【解析】句意為“Harrison Ford被認為是為數不多的曾經做過木匠的電影明星之一。”“做過木匠”這事發生在過去，不定式應當用完成式，表示發生過，排除A、B項。因為現在是明星，排除D項，選C。

（五）小結

（六）課后作業

1、復習一遍課堂摘記。

2、完成課堂尚未完成的練習。

3、復習非謂語動詞的重點考點和易錯考點。

第三篇：英語非謂語動詞

主語subject 謂語predicate 賓語object 表語predicative 定語attributive 狀語adverbial adjunct 補足語complement 同位語appositive

英語非謂語動詞講解及練習非謂語動詞是指分詞（包括現在分詞和過去分詞）、不定式、動名詞等三種形式，即：

doing , done , to do , doing。當然它們有各自不同的變化形式，如：

現在分詞 doing : 有being done（被動式）;having done（完成式）;having been do ne（完成被動式）

不定式

to do : 有to be done（被動式）;to have done（完成式）;to be doing（進行式）

動名詞

doing : 有having done（完成式）;being done（被動式）;

非謂語動詞的特點： 三種非謂語動詞都具有動詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數的變化，但是它們都能帶自己的狀語或有時跟賓語。它們都有各自的特征：分詞具有形容詞和副詞的特征；動名詞具有名詞的特征；不定式具有名詞、形容詞和副詞的特征。具體來講：分詞在句子中可以做定語、表語、狀語或補足語等；動名詞在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語等；不定式在句子中可以做主語、賓語、表語、補足語或狀語。

下面分別對三種非謂語動詞進行講解： 一．

動詞不定式

先看幾個例句，判斷不定式在句中的成分。1．To learn a foreign language is difficult.2． His wish is to be a driver.3．Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.4．The teacher told us to do morning exercises.5．I have nothing to say.6．They went to see their aunt.7．It’s easy to see their aunt.8．I don’t know what to do next.9．I heard them make a noise.說明：1．動詞不定式作主語, 2.動詞不定式作表語,3.動詞不定式作賓語,4．動詞不定式作賓語補足語，5．動詞不定式作定語,6．動詞不定式作目的狀語,7．動詞不定式作真正主語，it 代替動詞不定式，作形式主語。8．帶有連接代詞的動詞不定式作賓語,9．不帶to 的動詞不定式作賓語補足語。

掌握動詞不定式應注意的幾個問題：

1． “to” 是不定式符號還是介詞，下列短語中的to 都是介詞。

agree to object to close to , come to , lead to , refer to ，equal to , familiar to , point to , thank to , devote to , next to , belong to , be used to , look forward to

2． 帶to 還是不帶to

I have no choice but to give in I cannot do anything but give in I saw him enter the classroom.（但是： He was seen to enter the classroom.）

3． 動詞不定式邏輯主語是由for 作為標記的。但是有時用of.It’s necessary for you to study hard.It’s foolish of him to do it.與of 連用的形容詞有：

good, kind , nice , wise ,clever , foolish , right , wrong , careful , careless , polite , possible 4．后接不定式作賓語的動詞有：

want , hope , wish , like , begin , try , need , forget , agree , know , promise , teach , refuse , help , arrange , dare , decide , determine , fail , manage , offer , prepare , continue , ask , mean , choose , expect etc.需要賓語補足語的動詞不能用動詞不定式直接做介詞的賓語，而要用it做形式賓語。例如：通常不說We think to obey the laws is important.而說We think it important to obey the laws.5．不定式的省略。下列短語中，如果意義明確，常常省略到to。

want to , wish to ,hope to , like to , hate to , plan to , try to , love to , have to , o ught to , need to , used to , be able to 6．不定式作定語，應注意兩種關系： 1）動賓關系：

He has a lot of meeting to attend.Please lend me something to write with.He is looking for a room to live He is looking for a room to live in.He has no money and no place to live(in).I think the best way to travel(by)is on foot.There is no time to think(about).2）主謂關系：

She is always the last(person)to speak at the meeting.----I’m going to the post office , for I have a letter to post.(邏輯主語是I)-------Thank you.But I have no letters to be posted now

(邏輯主語不是I)7．不定式作狀語，可以有以下幾種意義： 1）原因

He is lucky to get here on time.這種結構中常用的形容詞有：

happy , glad , delighted , pleased , sorry , eager , anxious.lucky , fortunate , proud , angry surprised , frightened , disappointed , ready , clever , foolish , worthy

2)目的

He came to help me with my maths.3)結果

I hurried to get there only to find him out.The book is too hard for the boy to read.He is old enough to go to school.8.不定式作補足語

I saw him play in the street just now.能跟不帶to 的不定式作補足語的動詞有：

see , feel , hear , listen to , look at , watch , let , have make, observe, notice 注: 當這些詞為被動式時，不定式要帶to , 如：

He was seen to play in the street just now.二．動名詞

Learning English is very difficult.學英語非常困難。

His job is driving a bus.他的工作是開車。I enjoy dancing.我喜歡跳舞。

I have got used to living in the country.我已經習慣了住農村。

Take some sleeping tablets , and you will soon fall asleep.吃點安眠藥，你很快就會入睡。注意以下幾種結構：

1．There’s no telling what will happen.=It’s impossible to tell what will happen.= No one can tell what will happen.2．It’s no use talking with him.It’s no good speaking to them like that.3．There’s some difficulty(in)doing … 在此句型中,difficulty 可以由以下單詞替換: trouble , problem , fun , pleasure , a good time , a hard time 注意以下幾個問題：

1．下列動詞后跟不定式與跟動名詞作賓語意義有區別，forget to do … 忘記要做某事 forget doing… 忘記做了某事 remember to do…記住要做某事 remember doing …記著做了某事 mean to do …

有意要做某事 mean doing …

意味著做了某事 regret to do … 對要做的事表示后悔 regret doing … 對做過去的事后悔 can’t help to do…不能幫助做某事 can’t help doing … 情不自禁做某事 try to do …

盡力去做某事 try doing

試著做某事 learn to do …

學著去做某事 learn doing …

學會做某事

stop to do …

停下來去做（另一件事）stop doing …

停止做某事 go on to do …

接著做（另外一件事）go on doing … 繼續做某事 used to do …

過去做某事 be used to doing …習慣做某事

2．動名詞作定語與現在分詞作定語意義有區別 動名詞作定語表達

n+ for doing 的含義

現在分詞作定語表達 n+which(who)be doing的含義 如：a sleeping car = a car for sleeping a running horse = a horse which is running 前者是動名詞，后者是現在分詞

又如： drinking water , walking stick running water , sleeping boy 3． 動名詞的邏輯主語：

動名詞的邏輯主語為代詞或名詞的所有格形式。例如：His coming made us very happy.4．動名詞的語態和時態

5． 動名詞主動形式表被動的情況：

need doing , want doing , require doing

例如： This room needs painting.這個房間需要粉刷。6．只能跟動名詞作賓語的動詞：

admit , avoid , advise , consider , delay , deny , enjoy , escape , excuse , fancy , finish , complete , forbid , imagine , mind , miss , permit.practise , require , suggest , risk , keep, take to , look forward to , get down to , feel like , can’t help , can’t stand , be used to ,insist on , succeed in , set about, give up , include ，三． 分詞 The story is interesting.I’m interested in it.這個故事有興趣，我對這個故事感興趣。2.This is a moving film.這是一部動人的電影。

3.The secretary worked late into the night , preparing a long speech for the president.秘書工作到深夜，為主席準備一篇長篇演講稿。4.Given more time , I’ll do it well.如果給我多一點時間，我會做的更好。

When he passed the back of the street , he saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.當他后街時，看到小偷正從銀行偷錢。應注意的幾個問題：

1．現在分詞與過去分詞的區別

Do you know the woman talking to Tom ?

= Do you know the woman who is talking to Tom ? The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor.= The soldier who was wounded in the war has become a doctor.China is a developing country and America is a developed country.2．分詞作表語 The news sounds encouraging.They got very excited.1）現在分詞與過去分詞作表語的區別： The news is interesting.He is interested in he news t.doing 作表語，主語與表語是主謂關系 ；done 作表語，主語與表語是動賓關系。2）表語與被動式的區別：

The blackboard was broken by Xiao Ming.（強調動作）

The blackboard is broken.You’d better have it repaired.（強調狀態）3）常作表語的過去分詞：

amused , injured , covered , known , dressed , lost , broken , gone , delighted, excited , pleased , satisfied , married , worried , surprised , interested , burnt , shut , crowded , wounded , drank , done

3．現在分詞、動名詞 現在進行時的區別

The situation in our country is encouraging.(表語)The situation in our country is encouraging the people.(現在進行時)My job is looking after the little baby.(動名詞)能回答how-question 的是現在分詞，能回答what-question 的動名詞，即不能回答how-question 也不能回答what-question 的是現在進行時。例如： How is the situation in our country ? It is encouraging.What is your job ? My job is looking after the little baby.4．注意的四種結構：

have something to do 有某事要做 have something done 使某事被做

have somebody do something 使某人做某事 have something doing 讓某事一直做著 5． 需要跟反身代詞作賓語的動詞： seat , prepare , hide , dress

如：I seated myself on the chair.I was seated on the chair.6．分詞做狀語與不定式的區別：

分詞做狀語表示時間、原因、讓步、條件、方式、伴隨等；而不定式表示目的和結果。Having finished the homework , I went home.（時間）Being a Party member , I should work hard.（原因）Given more time ,I can do my work better.（條件）He ran out of the classroom ,shouting at the boy.（伴隨）

To get more knowledge , we must work harder and harder.(目的)He is old enough to join the army.（結果）7．分詞、動名詞和不定式作定語的區別

a running horse 現在分詞 = a horse that is running a fallen leaf 過去分詞 = a leaf that has already fallen a walking stick 動名詞 = a stick for walking

something to do 不定式 = something that I should do 8．不定式被動式、分詞的被動式和過去分詞的區別： I have a problem to be discussed at the meeting.(將來)The building being built on the river is the Science Museum.（正在進行）The building completed three years ago is now in bad conditions.（過去）9．分詞做狀語需要注意的一個問題：

分詞與句子主語的邏輯關系

Seeing from the hill , the city looks beautiful.(錯誤)Seen from the hill , the city looks beautiful.（正確）

Seeing 與the city 不是主謂關系；seen 與city 是動賓關系 練習

I.單項選擇

1.Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

2.______ many times, but he still couldn’t understand it.A.Having being told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told

3.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.testing C.to rest D.rest 4.The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

5.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier , _______ it more difficult.A.to make B.not to make C.not making D.to not make 6.The Olympic Games , _____ in 776 B.C., did not include women plays until 1912.A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing 7.---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.----Well , now I regret ____________that.A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done.The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with talks , _______ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 9._______ a reply , he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received 10.The speaker raised his voice, but he still couldn’t make himself ________.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard

Robert is said ___ abroad , but I don’t know what country be studied in.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.to have been studying II.用動詞的正確形式填空

1.Little Tom should love ________(take)to the theatre this evening.2.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______(learn).He always works hard.3.The computer centre , ______(open)last year , is very popular among the students in this school.4.Go on _____(do)the other exercise after you have finished this one.5.How about two of us ______(take)a walk down the garden.答案： I 1.A 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.D 8.C 9.C 10.D II 1.to be taken;2.to learn;3.opened;4.to do;5.taking

非謂語動詞練習: 1.I really appreciate ________ to relax with you on this nice island.A.to have had time

B.having time

C.to have time

D.to having time 2.Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.A.admit

B.admitted

C.admitting

D.to admit 3.In order to gain a bigger share in the International market, many state-run companies are striving _________ their products more competitive.A.to make

B.making

C.to have made

D.having made 4.When_______, the museum will be open to the public next year.A.completed

B.completing

C.being completed

D.to be completed 5.Having a trip abroad a certain good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.A.to see

B.to be seen

C.seeing

D.seen 6.The manager, ________ his factory products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.A.knowing

B.known

C.to know

D.being known 7.The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________ whether he was going in the right direction.A.seeing

B.having seen

C.to have seen

D.to see 8.The discovery of new evidence led to ______.A.the thief having caught

B.catch the thief

C.the thief being caught

D.the thief to be caught 9.He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket a passenger.A.put

B.to be putting

C.to put

D.putting 10.Victor apologized for _______ to inform me the change in the plan.A.his being not able

B.him not to be able

C.his not being able

D.him to be not able 11.Suddenly, a tall man _________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

C.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing 12._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait

B.Have waited

C.Having waited

D.To have waited 13.Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.A.run

B.running

C.being run

D.to run 14.The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.A.causing

B.being caused

C.to be caused

D.to have caused 15.The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attracted the visitors to the beauty nature.A.to smell

B.smelling

C.smelt

D.to be smelt 16.If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ________ it---you have got some big bills coming.A.forget

B.forgot

C.forgetting

D.to forget 17.The news reporters hurried to the airport, only _______ the film star had already left.A.to tell

B.to be told

C.telling

D.told 18.Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time ________ the exam.A.pass

B.to pass

C.passed

D.passing 19.You were silly not ________ your car.A.to lock

B.to have locked

C.locking

D.having locked 20.________ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.A.Compare

B.When comparing

C.Comparing

D.When compared 21.________ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to his boss for advice.A.To face

B.Having faced

C.Faced

D.Facing 22.The storm left, ______ a lot of damage to this area.A.caused

B.to have caused

C.to cause

D.having caused 23.Having been attacked by terrorists, _________.A.doctors came to their rescue

B.the tall building collapsed

C.an emergency measure was taken

D.warnings were given to the tourists 24.-----English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?

-----Yes, ________ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to communicate and read.A.Know

B.Knowing

C.To know

D.Known 25.While watching TV, ________.A.the doorbell rang

B.the doorbell rings

C.we heard the doorbell ring

D.we heard the doorbell rings 26.It is necessary to be prepared for a job interview.________ the answer ready will be of great help.A.To have had

B.Having had

C.Have

D.Having 27.I couldn’t do my home work with all that noise _________.A.going on

B.goes on

C.went on

D.to go on 28.I don’t want ________ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded 29.At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and ________ down to eat our picnic lunch.A.sitting

B.having sat

C.to sit

D.sat 30.I really can’t understand _________ her like that.A.you treat

B.you to treat

C.why treat

D.your treating 31.The bank is reported in the local newspaper__________ in broad daylight yesterday.A.being robbed

B.having been robbed

C.to have been robbed

D.robbed 32.________ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A.To grow

B.Growing

C.Grown

D.Grow 33.If the building project ________ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A.being completed

B.is completed

C.to be completed

D.completed 34.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had ________ went wrong again.A.it repaired

B.to be repaired

C.repair

D.repaired 35.No one had told Smith about __________ a lecture the following day.A.there being

B.there be

C.there would be

D.there was 36.I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is , than ______ a room with someone else.A.share

B.to share

C.sharing

D.to have shared 37.Taking this kind of medicine, if ________, will surely produce side effect.A.continue

B having continued

C.continuing

D.continued 38._______ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.A.The girl was educated

B.The girl educated

C.The girl’s educating

D.The girl’s being educated 39._________ hardly made Allan pay any attention to _________ his mistakes.A.Scolding;correcting

B.Being scolded;correct

C.Being scolded;correcting

D.Having been scolded;correct 40.Joe stopped eating chocolate, and he went back ___________ again.A.to smoking

B.to smoke

C.smoking

D.smoke 41.A Brazilian mask maker has finished two models of mask of Iraqi ex-president Saddam Hussein, one of him in power and one of him when _________ by US soldiers.A.caught

B.catching

C.to be caught

D.to catch 42.-----What happened to you on your way back to the hotel last night?

-----I lost my way in complete darkness and, __________ things worse, it began to pour.A.making

B.to make

C.having made

D.made 43.------Did you forget to mention my name or fear something when you applied for an instructor?

------I meant ________, but they ________ favorites of the people in the power.A.to have mentioned;were

B.to have;are

C.mentioning;have been

D.to have been mentioned;had been 44.With no rain for three months and food supplies __________ out, the situation here is getting from bad to worse.A.run

B.running

C.to run

D.to be run 45.________ his age, he did it quite well, so don’t _______ him any more.A.Given;blame

B.Considered;say

C.To regard;scold

D.Considering;speak 46.The two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets______ orbiting other stars.A.have been found

B.have found

C.to be found

D.found 47.The bird flu _______ through Asia has jumped from birds to humans at least 20 times so far, _______ 16.A.sweeps;killed

B.swept;killing

C.sweeping;to kill

D.sweeping;killing 48.The speech which he made ________ the football match bored a lot of fans to death.A.being concerned

B.be concerned

C.concerned

D.concerning 49.Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A.no to want anyone

B.wanted no one

C.not wanting anyone

D.to want no one 50.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel yesterday, ______ at least 20 people.A.having been injured

B.having injured

C.injuring

D.injured 51.-----What’s matter with Tim?

------Oh.Tim’s cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never ______ again.A.to find

B.to be found

C.finding

D.being found 52.Walter offered us a lift when he was leaving the office but our work _______, we refused the offer.A.not finishing

B.had not been finished

C.not having finished

D.not being finished 53.Though ___________ nature resources, the area is well developed.A.lacked

B.lacking of

C.lacking

D.lacked in 54.What worried me most was ________to go abroad alone.A.my not allowing

B.having not allowed

C.my being not allowed

D.my not being allowed 55.My job was to wash bottles, which would then be filled with wine, or _______ the filled bottles in boxes.A.to put

B.putting

C.having put

D.being put

Answer: 1-5 BAAAB

6-10 ADCDC

11-15 DCBCB

16-20 ABDBD

21-25CDBAC

26-30 DAADD

31-35CBCDA

36-40 ADDAA

41-45ABBBA

46-50DDDCC 51-55 BDCDA

第四篇：非謂語動詞導學案.

古邳中學2019屆高三英語 非謂語動詞導學案（7）

教學目標；非謂語動詞

教學方法：講練結合，幻動片展示 課時安排：7課時 教學過程：

第一課時：非謂語作狀語 第二課時：非謂語作賓語補足語 第三課時;非謂語作定語 第四課時：不定式 第五課時：動名詞 第六課時：分詞 第七課時：非謂語總結 【自主學習】 【交流 展示】 【知識點復習】

動詞的非謂語形式有三種：不定式、動名詞和分詞．

(一)不定式

不定式由“ to十動詞原形”構成，其否定形式是“ not to do”．不定式可以帶賓語或狀語構成不定式短語，沒有人稱和數的變化，但有時態和語態的變化．不定式可作主語、賓語、狀語、表語和定語，但不能單獨作謂語．不定式的邏輯主語有時用“ for十名詞或代詞賓格”構成．

1．不定式的用法：

l)作主語．不定式短語作主語時，往往放在謂語之后，用 it作形式主語．例如：

To see is to believe．

It is right to give up smoking．

2)作賓語．不定式短語作賓語時，如果還帶有賓語補足語。往往把不定式賓語放在賓語補足語之后，而用 it作形式賓語．例如：

He wanted to go．

I find it interesting to study work with him.3)作賓語補足語．例如：

He asked me to do the work with him.注意 ：在 feel，hear，listen to，look at，notice, observe，see，watch，have，let，make等詞后的補足語中，不定式不帶 to．但是這些句子如果變成被動結構時，就必須帶 to．例如

I often hear him sing the song．

He is often heard to sing the song． 注意：不定式動詞在介詞 but，except，besides后面時，如果這些介詞之前有行為動詞 do的各種形式，那么，這些介詞后的不定式不帶 to，否則要帶 to．如：

She could do nothing but cry.What do you like to do besides swim? I have no choice but to go． 4)作定語．例如：

I have some books for you to read． 注①作定語的不定式如果是不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點、工具等，不定式后面須有相應的介詞．例如：

He is looking for a room to live in．

There is nothing to worry about．

Please give me a knife to cut with．

但是，不定式所修飾的名詞如果是 time，place或 way，不定式后面的介詞習慣上要省去．例如：

He had no money and no place to live.注②當作定語的不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的承受者時，不定式既可以用主動語態，也可用被動語態，但其含義有所不同．試比較：

A)Have you anything to send? 你有什么東西要寄嗎?(不走式 to send的動作執行者是 you)B)Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要(我或別人)寄的東西嗎?(不定式 to be sent的動作執行者是已被省略的 me或 someone else)5)作狀語，表示目的、原因、結果或條件．例如：

I came here to see you．(目的)We were very excited to hear the news．(原因)He hurried to the school to find nobody there．(結果)To look at him, you would like him．(條件)目的狀語還可以用 in order to或 so as to來表示．如：

In order to pass the exam, he worked very hard．

We ran all the way so as not to be late．

不定式也可在作表語用的形容詞后面作狀語．例如：

I am very glad to hear it．

The question is difficult to answer．

“ too十形容詞或副詞十不定式”作狀語．例如：

He is too old to do that．

另外句子中有 enough這個詞時，常用不定式作狀語．例如：

The room is big enough to hold us．

6)作表語．例如：

My job is to help the patient．

7)作獨立成分．例如：

To tell the truth，I don’t agree with you.8)不定式與疑問詞 who，which，when，where，how，what等連用，在句中起名詞作用，可充當主語、表語、賓語等．例如：

He didn’t know what to say.(賓語)How to solve the problem is very important．(主語)My question is when to start.(表語)

注意：在與 why連用時，只用于 why或 why not開頭的簡短疑問句中，后面緊跟的動詞不定式不帶 to.例如: Why not have a rest?

9)不定式在句中用主動式還是被動式。多數情況下是容易判別的，但有時的確比較復雜，請注意以-下幾點：

A)不定式修飾的名詞或代詞和不定式邏輯上構成主謂關系時，不定式往往用主動形式.Have you got a key to unlock the door?(A key unlocks the door．)B)不定式和它前面被修飾的名詞或代詞構成邏輯上的動賓關系，又和該句主語構成邏輯上的主謂關系時，不定式常用主動形式．

I have got a letter to write．(I write letter．)He needs a room to live in．(He lives in a room．)I know what to do．(I do what．)但這句如改為下列形式，不定式就得用被動形式： I know what is to be done.這是因為 what is to be done是賓語從句，從句中的主語 what是動詞 do的動作對象

C)不定式作表語形容詞的狀語，和句中主語構成邏輯上的動賓關系時，不定式多用主動形式，這是因為人們往往認為形容詞后者去了 for one或 for people．例如：

He is hard to talk to．(to talk to him．)The book is difficult to understand.(to understand the book.)但如果強調句中的受事者時，亦可用不定式被動式，例如：

The handwriting is very difficult to be read.The box is too heavy to be lifted．

D)在 there十 be的結構中，當說話人考慮的是必須有人去完成某件事時，不定式用主動形式，如果說話人強調的是事情本身必須完成，則用被動形式．

There is a lot of work to do.(Somebody has to do the work．)There is a lot of work to be done．(The work has to be done.)請注意下面兩個句子的含義是不同的：

There is nothing to do.意為無事可做，感到十分乏味．

There is nothing to be done．意為某東西壞了，無法使之恢復正常．

2．不定式的時態 l)不定式的一般形式所表示的動作，通常與謂語的動作(狀態)同時(或幾乎同時)發生，或是在它之后發生．例如：

I saw him go out．

2)如果謂語表示的動作(情況)發生時，不定式表示的動作正在進行，這時不定式就要用進行式．例如：

I am very glad to be working with you．

3)如果不定式的動作發生在謂語動詞之前，就要用完成式．例如: I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.3．不定式的語態

當不定式邏輯上的主語是這個不定式所表示的動作的承受者時，不定式一般要用被動形式。例如： He asked to be sent to work in the countryside． It is possible for our hopes to be realized．

(二)動名詞

1．動名詞由動詞十 ing構成;具有動詞和名詞的性質;在句中起名詞作用，可作主語、賓語、表語和定語．

1)作主語．例如: Seeing is believing.Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job.It is no use arguing with him.注意：動名詞和不定式都可以作主語，動名詞作主語表示一般或抽象的多次性行為，不定式作主語往往表示具體的或一次性的動作．例如：

Playing with fire is dangerous．(泛指玩火)To play with fire will be dangerous．(指一具體動作)但在 It is no use／ good，not any use／ good，useless等后必需用動名詞。

2)作表語．例如：

Her job is teaching.3)作賓語．例如：

He is fond of playing football．

I like swimming.注① admit，appreciate，avoid，consider, delay, dislike，enjoy，escape, excuse，face，feel.like，finish，forgive，give up, imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist, risk，suggest，can’t help，can’t stand(無法忍受)等動詞后可以用動名詞作賓語，但不能用不定式．

注② forget，go on，like，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等動詞可帶動名詞或不定式作賓語，但意義上有區別。

I remember doing the exercise.(我記得做過練習．)I must remember to do it.(我必須記著做這事．)I tried not to go there．(我沒法不去那里．)I tried doing it again.(我試著又干了一次．)Stop speaking.(不要講話。)He stopped to talk.(他停下來講話．)I mean to come early today.(我打算今早些來．)

Missing the train means waiting for another hour．

(誤了這趟火車意味著再等一個小時．)注③在 allow，advise，forbid，permit等動詞后直接跟動詞作賓語時，要用動名詞形式，如果后面有名詞或代詞作賓語，然后再跟動詞作賓語補足語時，其賓語補足語用帶 to的不定式．例如：

We don’t allow smoking here.We don' t allow students to smoke.注④動詞 need，require，want作“需要”解，其后跟動詞作它的賓語時，必須用動名詞，或不定式的被動式．這時，動名詞的主動式表示被動意義．例如：

The window needs(requires，wants)cleaning(to be cleaned)

注⑤在短語 devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept)busy，be worth，have difficulty／ trouble／ problem(in)，have a good／ wonderful／ hard time(in)，there’s no use／good／ need，feel／ look／seem／ like／get down to等后的動詞也必須用動名詞形式．例如：

I look forward to hearing from you soon.注⑥在 love，hate，prefer等動詞后用動名詞或不定式無多大區別。

但說話人有所指的時候，通常用不定式。

注⑦start，begin，continue在書面語中多后接動名詞，在口語中多后接不定式。

注⑧在 should(would)like／ love等后須用不定式。

4)作定語．例如：

He has a reading room.2．動名詞的復合結構

動名詞的復合結構由物主代詞或人稱代詞賓格，名詞所有格或普通格加動名詞構成．在句子開頭必須用名詞所有格或物主代詞．例如: His coming made me very happy．

Mary’s crying annoyed him.She didn’t mind his crying．

Is there any hope fo Xiao Wang’s winning．

3．動名詞的時態和語態．

l)動名詞的時態

動名詞的時態分一般式和完成式兩種，如果動名詞的動作沒有明確地表示出時間是與謂語動詞同時發生或在謂語動作以前發生，用動名詞的一般式．例如: We are interested in playing chess.His coming will be of great help to us．

如果動名詞的動作發生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，通常用動名詞的完成時態。例如: I’m sorry for not having kept my promise.但是在某些動詞或詞組后，常用動名詞的一般形式，盡管其動作是在謂語所表示的動作之前發生的．例如：主語是這個動名詞表示的動作的對象時，動名詞用被動語態．被動語態由“ being十過去分詞”或“ having been十過去分詞”構成。后一種一般避免使用．例如：

He likes being helped.He was afraid of being left at home.注：在 to be worth doing句型中，動名詞 doing表示的是被動意義．例如：

The book is worth reading．

(三)現在分詞

1．分詞的時態和語態

l)分詞分為現在分詞和過去分詞。現在分詞有一般式和完成式．一般式表示和謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生的行為；完成式(having十過去分詞)表示在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發生的動作．例如：

Being a student，he was interested in books．

Having studied in the university for 3 years, he knows the way very well．

2)現在分詞有一般式和完成式，且有主動語態和被動語態，當句子的主語是分詞動作的承受者時，分詞用被動語態，如果要強調分詞的動作先于謂語動作，就用分詞完成式的被動形式．例如：

The question being discussed is important：

Having been criticized by the teacher，Li Ming gave up smoking．

過去分詞表示在謂語動詞之前發生的動作，本身有被動的含義，所以只有一般式沒有完成式．

2.分詞的用法

l)作定語

分詞短語做定語時，放在被修飾的名詞之后；單個分詞做定語時，放在被修飾的名詞之前．例如: The man standing by the window is our teacher.The excited people rushed into the building．

注意：現在分詞作定語時，它表示的動作是正在進行或與謂語動詞所表示的動作幾乎同時發生，如果兩個動作有先有后，一般不能用現在分詞作定語，而要用定語從句。例如：

The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window．

現在分詞作定語的差異：

現在分詞在句中作定語時，不僅存在前置與后置的區別，而且存在狀態、時間與形式上的差異。為了幫助大家分清這些差異，更好地掌握現在分詞的用法，現在分別論述如下。

一、狀態差異

現在分詞作定語明顯存在狀態差異。一般來講，前置的現在分詞靜感強。而后置現在分詞動感強。學習時要注意體會這一點。

例1：The labouring people are the wisest.例2：The farmers labouring here are not afraid of snakes．

能前置的現在分詞為數不太多，常見的大都是已被形容詞化了的現在分詞。這一點主要表現在有些現在分詞前常有程度副詞，有些現在分詞甚至還有比較等級。

例3: I have brought very exciting news to you．

例4：This is the most exciting story that I have ever read．

二、時間差異

時間差異指現在分詞表示的動作發生的時間差異。有些現在分詞作定語時表示正在的動作。這些現在分詞若改為定語從句宜用進行時態。

例5：Did you tell the children playing there not to make any noise? Did you tell the children who were playing there not to make any noise? 例6：The American president visiting China now will return on Saturday.The American president who is visiting China now will return on Saturday.有些現在分詞作定語時則表示經常性動作或現在(或當時)的狀態。此類現在分詞若改為定語從句宜用一般時態，而不宜用進行時態。若譯成漢語也應注意體現這一點。

例7：They stayed at a hotel standing by the lake.例8：The temple standing on top of the hill was built in the Ming Dynasty.三、形式差異

從形式來看，前置現在分詞多為單個分詞，而后置現在分詞多為短語。換句話說，若用現在分詞作定語，單個分詞要前置，分詞短語要后置。但也不能絕對如此，要視情況而定。要是強調動感，即使是單個分詞也應后置。

例9：Look!The girl singing is Alice and the one dancing is Mary．

從內容來講，前置現在分詞多為不及物動詞，沒有自己的賓語或狀語。后置現在分詞可帶賓語或狀語。有時前置現在分詞也可有自己的賓語或狀語，不過要置于分詞前，且中間要有連詞符號。當然，帶比較級時除外。

例10：Barking dogs seldom bite．

例 11：The person translating the songs can speak seven languages.例 12：England and America are English-speaking countries．

值得說明的是，現在分詞的完成式與被動式一般都不能用作前置定語，只能作后置定語，使用時應慎重。

例 13：We must keep a secret of the things being discussed here．

2)作狀語

分詞或分詞短語作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、行為方式、伴隨狀況等。例如：

Being a student, I must study hard.(原因)

While reading the book, he nodded from time to time．(時間)The teacher stood there surrounded by the students．(方式)

注：①分詞短語作狀語時，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致． 注：②表示時間關系的分詞短語有時可由連接詞 while或 when引出．

注：③有時“with(without)十名詞(或代詞賓格)十分詞”的結構，表示伴隨狀況．例如：

He lay half dead，with all his ribs broken．

注：④當分詞的邏輯主語與主句的主語不同時：分詞必須有自己的主語．例如: Time permitting, I will finish another lesson．

3)作表語．例如：

The news is inspiring.The glass is broken．

4)作賓語補足語．例如： We saw the teacher making the experiement.注意：在 see，hear，watch，feel，observe，have，listen to，notice等動詞后，既可以用現在分詞構成復合賓語，也可以用不定式構成復合賓語，但兩者的含義是有差別的，用現在分詞，表示動作正在發生，(即處于發生的過程中，還沒有結束)，用不定式表示動作發生了，(即動作全過程結束了)。例如：

I saw the girl getting on the tractor．

I saw the gril get on the tractor and drive off．

He had his clothes washed.(他叫別人洗了衣服)We had the fire burning all day．

(我們使火燃燒了一整天)。

注意：“ have十賓語十現在分詞”表示主體使客體處于某狀態或干什么事；“ have十賓語十過去分詞”表示動作是別人做的或與主體意志無關．

（四）過去 分詞

動詞的-ed分詞即過去分詞，是由動詞的過去分詞構成，一般只有一種形式。2.過去分詞的語法作用：

過去分詞一方面具有動詞的性質，另一方面也相當于一個形容詞或副詞，在句中可以作表語、定語、狀語和補足語。

1)過去分詞作表語，主要表示主語的心理感覺或所處的狀態。如：

Don’t touch the glass because it is broken.不要碰那個杯子，它是壞的。

He is quite pleased with the design of the dress.她很喜歡那禮服的式樣。

2)過去分詞做定語：

單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在名詞的前面，相當于一個定語從句。如：

The excited people rushed into the building.激動的人們奔進了大樓。

We need more qualified teachers.我們需要更多合格的教師。

過去分詞短語作定語通常放在被修飾的詞后面，相當于一個定語從句。如：

Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活動嗎？

The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.外國專家提出來的建議被經理采納了。

過去分詞作定語也可用作非限制性定語，前后用逗號隔開。如：

The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.這些書是魯迅寫的，受到了許多中國人民的喜愛。

The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success.這次會議獲得很大的成功，共有一千個學生出席了。

3)過去分詞做狀語：過去分詞和-ing分詞作狀語一樣，也可以表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。

①表時間，相當于一個時間狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可加連詞when或while來強調時間概念。如：

Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden.從山頂上看，這個城市就像一個大花園。

Accepted by the Party, he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.入黨以后，他決定獻身于黨的事業。

②表原因，相當于一個原因狀語從句。如：

Deeply moved by the story, the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.激動的人們被那個故事深深地感動了，停止了爭吵。

Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.受到了講演的鼓舞，年輕人決定起來從事斗爭。

③表條件，相當于一個條件狀語從句，有時過去分詞前可用if等詞。如：

Given another chance, he will do better.再給他一次機會，他會做得更好。

Compared with your brother, you should make greater efforts to study English.和你哥哥相比，你應該更加努力學習英語。

If heated, water can be turned into steam.水如果被加熱，會變成水蒸氣。

④表讓步，相當于一個though/although引導的讓步狀語從句。如：

Exhausted by the running, they went on running after the robber.盡管已經跑得筋疲力盡，他們還是繼續追趕著那個強盜。

Laughed at by many people, he continued his study.盡管被許多人嘲笑，他還是繼續他的研究。

⑤表方式或伴隨情況。如：

The old man went into the room, supported by his wife.那個老人在他的妻子的攙扶下走進了房間。

Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.我和父親坐在桌子旁邊討論著我的工作問題。

4)過去分詞作補足語：

過去分詞可以在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等詞后與一名詞或代詞構成復合賓語，用作賓語補語。如：

When will you go to the hospital and have your tooth examined? 你什么時候去醫院檢查你的牙齒？

When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.當你在作報告時，你應該講響一點使自己被人聽清。

當這類句子變成被動語態時，過去分詞用作主語補語。如：

One of the glasses was found broken.有人發現其中一個杯子破了。

They should be kept informed of the situation there.應該讓他們知道那兒的形勢。

二、特別提醒

1.過去分詞作狀語時，它的邏輯主語一般必須和句子的主語相一致。如：

When asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.當那個男孩被問到為何來這里時，他沉默不語。

Born and brought up in the countryside, he was interested in biology.由于在農村出生并長大，他對生物很感興趣。

如果過去分詞的邏輯主語和句子主語不一致，必須使用過去分詞的獨立主格結構。2.動詞have后所接的三種賓語補語：

have somebody/something do something 不定式作補語必須省去to, 不定式動作由賓語發出，表示一次性的動作。如：

I had the workers do the job for me.我讓工人們替我完成了工作。

Jim often has his father help him with his homework.吉姆經常讓他的父親幫助做家庭作業。

have somebody /something doing something-ing分詞作補語，分詞動作也由賓語發出，強調動作的延續或正在進行。如：

They had the tractor working all the time.他們讓拖拉機一直工作著。

We won’t have the child talking to his mother like that.我們不能讓那個孩子那樣對他的媽媽說話。

have somebody/something done 過去分詞作補語，賓語和補足語之間有邏輯上的被動關系，通常有兩種情況：

①主語讓別人做某事，強調主語的意志。如：

He had his hair cut yesterday.他昨天理發了。

Later on the center had a great many new trees planted.后來，這個中心讓人種了很多樹。

②主語遭到某種不幸或陷入惡劣的環境，說明賓語的一種無意識的被動行為。如：

He had his leg broken in the match last month.他在上星期的比賽中摔斷了腿。

He had one eye lost in the war.在戰爭中，他失去了一只眼睛。

3.非謂語動詞的被動式作定語的三種形式：

the bridge to be built 將要建造的橋（表示將來的動作）

the bridge being built 正在建造的橋（表示正在進行的動作）

the bridge built 造好的橋（表示完成的動作）

4.過去分詞和–ing分詞作表語的區別：

過去分詞作表語通常表示主語所處的狀態或感受，而-ing分詞作表語多表示主語所具有的特征，如：

Hearing the news, we felt very surprised.聽到那個消息，我們感到很驚訝

The news is very surprising.這個消息很令人驚訝。

They were frightened to hear the frightening sound.他們聽到那可怕的聲音很害怕。

At the sight of the moving scene, all the people present were moved to tears.看到這么動人的情景，所有在場的人都感動得流下了眼淚。

英語中這樣的分詞還有很多，如：amusing, amused;encouraging, encouraged;disappointing, disappointed;exciting, excited;puzzling, puzzled;satisfying, satisfied;worrying, worried;tiring, tired;pleasing, pleased;interesting, interested;astonishing, astonished等。

5.過去分詞和–ing分詞作定語的區別：

過去分詞作定語和-ing分詞作定語有一定的區別。試比較下面幾組短語：

boiled water開水 boiling water正沸騰的水

developed countries發展的國家 developing countries發展中國家

fallen leaves落葉 falling leaves 正在飄落的葉子

changed condition改變了的情況 changing condition變化著的情況

由此可見，過去分詞作定語通常表示完成的或被動的動作；而-ing分詞作定語可以表示正在進行的主動的動作。【質疑拓展】

1.____from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city.A.To see B.Seen C.Seeing D.See 2.All things _____, the planned trip will have to be called off.A.be considered B.considering C.having considered D.considered 3.______ the big snake, the little girl stood under the tree _____ out of her life.A.Saw;frightened B.Seen;frightened C.To see;frightening D.Seeing;frightened 4.Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A.When taking B.when taken C.when to take D.when to be taken 5.The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it.A.begins B.begun C.beginning D.having begun 6._____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.A.being founded B.Founded C.It was founded D.Founding 7.If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly___A.supposed B.supposing C.to suppose D.suppose 8._____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given 9.In order not to be disturbed, I spent three hours _____in my study.A.locking B.to lock C.locked D.being locked 10._____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at aA.When compared B.Compare C.While comparing D.Comparing 11.Mrs.Bush stood ____for a moment when an old soldier suddenly appeared before her.A.surprised B.surprising C.being surprised D.to be surprised 12.____ alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened as to cry.A.Leaving B.Left C.To be left D.Having left 13._____ to complete the job on time, they set out to work immediately.A.Being determined B.On having determined C.Determined D.To be determined 14.______ in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.A.Being settled B.Having settled C.Settled D.Settling 15.If law-breaker ____, the society will be in disorder.A.made unpunished B.came unpunished C.not punished D.went unpunished 16.He must be angry, for we heard the glass ____ on the floor.A, being broken B.break C.to be break D.broken 17._____ in this way, the situation doesn’t seem so disappointing.A.To look B.Looking at C.Looked at D.To be looked at

18._____ in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded

scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars.A.To be judged the best B.Judged the best C.Having judged the best D.Judging the best 19.A cool rain was falling, _____ with snow.A.mixed B.mixing C.to mix D.having mixed 20.Most of the photographers _____ to the conference were from north Europe.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.having invited 21.The assistant worked late into the night, _____ a long speech for the president.A.to have prepared B.preparing C.prepared D.having prepared 22.“Can’t you read?” Mary said _____ to the notice.A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily pointed D.and angrily pointing 23.The missing singer was last seen _____ the voice close to the bridge.A.exercising B.to be exercising C.exercise D.to exercise 24.The directors discussed the project that they would like to see___the next year.A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 25.The visiting minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, _____ that he

had enjoyed his stay here.A.having added B.to add C.adding D.added 26.The speaker raised his voice but couldn’t make himself _____.A.hear B.to hear C.hearing D.heard 27.A cook will be fired immediately if he is found _____ in the kitchen.A.smoke B.smoking C.to smoke D.smoked

【檢測反饋】

1.I’m going to have my car ________.A.to be fixed B.to fix C.fixed D.to fix 2.What’s the language ______ in Germany? A.speaking B.spoken C.be spoken D.to speak 3.______ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.A.Followed B.Followed by C.Being followed D.having been followed by 4.He had his leg _______ in the match yesterday.A.to break B.broken C.break D.breaking

5.Most of the people _______ to the party were famous scientists.A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.inviting

6.________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A.Given B.To give C.Giving D.Having given

7.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _________ behind his back.A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied

8.The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened

9.________ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose

10.The Olympic Games, _________ in 776BC, didn’t include women players until 1912.A.first played B.to be first played C.first playing D.to be first played 11.Don’t get _________ in the rain.A.to be caught B.catching C.to catch D.caught 12.I found a car _________ in a pool by the side of the road.A.to be stuck B.stuck C.sticking D.stick

13.---By the way, when did you get your bedroom _______ ?---Last week.A.to paint B.painted C.painting D.to be painted 14.The children were found _________ in the cave.A.trapping B.trapped C.to be trapped D.be trapped

15.They found a ______ old woman _______ on the ground when the door was broken down.A.dying, lying B.dead, lied C.death, laying D.died, lain

16.On a _____ morning the little girl was found _______ at the corner of the street.A.freezing, freezing B.freezing, frozen C.frozen, frozen D.frozen, freezing 17.No one enjoys ______ fun of in public.A.making B.being made C.to be made D.to make

18.Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word _____.A.speaking B.spoken C.to be spoken D.speak

19.____from space, the earth, with water __ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blue ball.A.Seen, covered B.Seen, covering C.Seeing, covering D.Seeing, covered 20.An _________ crowd is awaiting the arrival of the film star.A.excited B.exciting C.excite D.excitedly 【教學反思】

第五篇：非謂語動詞教案二

非謂語動詞

知識結構框架

1.2.3.4.5.6.非謂語動詞的含義及種類 不定式的含義與作用

不定式的時態語態和否定形式（及主動表被動）不定式的省略問題

不定式與疑問詞的連用 不定式的復合結構

7.動名詞的含義與作用

8.動名詞的時態和語態及否定式 9.動名詞復合結構用法

10.分詞（現在分詞和過去分詞）的作用 11.分詞的時態和語態

12.分詞和不定式作狀語的區別

13.分詞和不定式作賓語補足語的區別 14.非謂語動詞作定語的區別

15.分詞邏輯主語與句子主語保持一致的原則及獨立結構的用法。

課時及其內容安排

分為三課時：

第一課時：框架1-6 第二課時：框架7-11 第三課時：框架12-15

第二課時內容

一、動詞-ing形式作主語

1.Singing and dancing is Judy’s favorite.2.Being praised in class made Eric so happy that she did even better in her studies.3.My father thinks it is a waste of time watching soap operas for me.4.His parents’ watching the game gives Wang Hao a lot of encouragement.【規律】

1.動詞-ing或動詞-ing短語作主語，應放在句首；動詞-ing形式通常表示習慣性動作，作主語時謂語用單數。如句1。2.動詞-ing形式有時可用被動形式，既可以放在句中，又可以放在句首；其形式為“being done”。如句2。3.動詞-ing形式可以用于it作形式主語的結構中，動詞-ing放在后面，作真正的主語。如句3。

4.動詞-ing形式可構成復合結構，即在動詞-ing形式前加上邏輯主語（形容詞性物主代詞；代詞賓格；名詞；名詞所有格），常在句中作主語和賓語。作主語時，其邏輯主語必須用其形容詞性物主代詞形式，如句4。

二、動詞-ing形式作賓語

1.My sister suggested spending the holiday in Beijing.2.Sue narrowly escaped being hit by the running truck.3.Mr Liu insisted on having heard the boss say so that day.【規律】

1.動詞-ing形式在句中作賓語通常要跟在某些動詞或短語后面。動詞有admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, risk, resist, suggest等；動詞短語有think of, dream of, insist on, depend on, look forward to, can’t help等。如句1。

2.動詞-ing形式可用被動形式，通常為“being done”形式。如句2。

3.動詞-ing形式還可以用完成形式，通常為“having done”形式。如句3。同時完成式可以有被動形式，通常為“having been done”。

三、某些動詞在動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式中的意義 1.I prefer to share the cake with the new classmate.2.Mark regretted telling a lie to his parents and teacher.3.I shall remember seeing Mary for the first time forever.4.I forgot to water the flowers for Miss White when she was out.5.Ted advised us to have a walk after dinner along the beach.6.Ted advised having a walk after dinner along the beach..【規律】

1.下列動詞可接動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式且意思相差不大。begin, start, hate, like, love, continue, prefer etc.如句1。2.下列動詞（短語）可接動詞-ing形式和動詞不定式但表示不同意義。remember, forget, regret, try, mean, go on etc.如句2，3，4。

3.allow, advise, forbid, permit等詞后，一般用動詞-ing形式作賓語，但如果后面帶有不定式，不定式常帶有自己的邏輯主語，也就是說，這種不定式不是句子的動詞賓語，而是賓補。如句5，6。

一、動詞-ing形式作定語

1.I get into the reading room to find the magazines I like.= I get into the room for reading to find the magazines I like.2.I saw a sleeping boy under the tree.= I saw a boy who was sleeping under the tree.3.Have you ever seen the girl singing on the stage? 4.The girl playing the piano is my sister.5.Among the students to take part in the party, Anna is the most active one.【規律】

1.單個的動詞-ing形式可放在名詞前作前置定語，表示該名詞的用途和功能。可轉換成for短語修飾該名詞，此時-ing為動名詞。如句1。

2.說明名詞的動作、性質和特征，與所修飾名詞是主謂關系。此時-ing為現在分詞。常可轉換成定語從句。如句2。3.如果是動詞-ing短語，那么應該放在被修飾名詞的后面。如句3。

4.動詞-ing形式作定語，多表示正在進行或經常性、習慣性的動作。而不定式作定語一般表示將要發生的動作。如句4和句5。

二、動詞-ing形式作表語

1.Their plan is driving to Sanya for a holiday.2.The test results have been very discouraging.【規律】

1.動名詞作表語，表示主語的具體內容。如句1。2.現在分詞作表語，表示主語的特征性質。如句2。

三、動詞-ing形式作賓補

1.The teacher heard students reading English aloud when she passed by the classroom.2.It was raining last Sunday, so my parents left me staying at home.3.You’d better not have your four-year-old kid learning English now.【規律】

動詞-ing形式作賓補時，與其邏輯主語構成主謂關系。常用在以下動詞或短語之后，構成復合結構——某些感官動詞：see;watch;observe;look at;hear;listen to;notice;smell;feel;taste, etc.如句1；某些常構成復合結構的動詞：leave;keep;find;set;catch, etc.如句2；某些使役動詞：have;get, etc.如句3。

動詞的-ing形式的一般式作狀語，表示的動作是主語動作的一部分，與謂語動詞表示的動作（或狀態）是同時或幾乎同時發生的，它的邏輯主語通常應是句子的主語。動詞-ing形式作狀語可以修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，可作時間、原因、伴隨或方式、條件、結果、讓步狀語或表示補充說明等，而且均可轉換為相應的狀語從句或并列句。1.Receiving the money that could save his daughter, the man couldn’t help crying out.2.Having driven all day, we were rather tired.3.While walking my dog in the park, I came across a friend of mine.4.Playing computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam.5.Luck looked at the old photos, missing her classmates in college.6.Being a student, Wendy isn’t allowed to buy any expensive dresses.7.Not having received any message from Lily, I had to call her again.8.The hunter fired, shooting one of the wolves.9.Though raining heavily, it is still a little hot.10.The waste may be buried under the ground, depending on the nature of the materials.11.It’s freezing cold today.I don’t want to go anywhere but to stay at home.【規律】

1.動詞-ing形式的一般式可作時間狀語，所表示的動作與謂語動詞表示的動作同時或幾乎同時發生。如句1，相當于When he received the money that could save his daughter, the man couldn’t help crying out.動詞-ing形式的完成式作狀語時，所表示的動作是在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前發生的。如句2。在作時間狀語的動詞-ing形式的一般式之前，可以加連詞while、when或介詞after、before、on等。如句3。

2.動詞-ing形式可作條件狀語。如句4，相當于If you play computer games all day, you will surely fail in the exam.3.動詞-ing形式可作伴隨或方式狀語，通常置于句尾。如句5。

4.動詞-ing形式可作原因狀語。如句6，相當于Because she is a student, Wendy isn’t allowed to buy any expensive dresses.動詞-ing形式作原因狀語時，其否定形式為直接將not置于動詞-ing形式之前。如句7，相當于Because I hadn’t received any message from Lily, I had to call her again.5.動詞-ing形式可作結果狀語，一般表示意料之中的結果，常置于句尾。如句8，相當于The hunter fired, and shot one of the wolves.6.動詞-ing形式可作讓步狀語，通常與though或although連用。如句9，相當于Though it rains heavily, it is still a little hot.7.動詞-ing形式可以表示補充說明。如句10。

8.有少數動詞-ing形式常放在某些形容詞前，起副詞作用，意思是“極、非常”，表示這些形容詞的程度或狀態。如句11。