第一篇：高中英語課文原文

英文的文章是不很難去理解，下面就由小編為大家整理高中英語課文原文，歡迎大家查看!

必修一 Unit

1Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ.Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.That’s changed since I was here.…For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self.But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut.The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours, Anne

第一單元 友誼Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友呢?或者你是不是擔心你的朋友會嘲笑你，會不理解你目前的困境呢?安妮·弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，于是她就把

日記當成她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大戰期間住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則他們就會被德國納粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏兩年之后才被發現。在這段時間里，她唯一的忠實朋友就是她的日記。她說，“我不愿像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記當作我的朋友，我要把我這個朋友稱作基蒂”。安妮自從1942年7月起就躲藏在那兒，現在，來看看她的心情吧。親愛的基蒂： 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變。比方說，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮。但是因為月光太亮，我不敢打開窗戶。還有一次，就在五個月以前的一個晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。我一直等到非關窗不可的時候才下樓去。漆黑的夜晚，風吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮住。這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚 令人傷心的是我只能透過臟兮兮的窗簾觀看大自然，窗簾懸掛在沾滿灰塵的窗前，但觀看這些已經不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須親身體驗的。Using Language Reading, listening and writing 親愛的王小姐： 我同班上的同學有件麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位男同學一直相處很好，我們常常一起做家庭作業，而且很樂意相互幫助。我們成非常好的朋友。可是，其他同學卻開始在背后議論起來，他們說我和這位男同學在談戀愛，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是我又討厭人家背后說閑話。我該怎么辦呢? Reading and writing 尊敬的編輯： 我是蘇州高中的一名

學生。我有一個難題，我不太善于同人們交際。雖然我的確試著去跟班上的同學交談，但是我還是發現很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時候我感到十分孤獨。我確實想改變這種現狀，但是我卻不知道該怎么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會非常感激的。

Unit

2the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world, and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes.I’d like to come up to you apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was base more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to.English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.第二單元 世界上的英語 Reading 通向現代英語之路 16世紀末期大約有5百萬到7百萬人說英語，幾乎所有這些人都

生活在英國。后來，在17世紀英國人開始航海征服世界其它地區。于是，許多別的國家開始說英語。如今說英語的人比以往任何時候都多，他們有的是作為第一語言來說，有的是作為第二語言或外語。以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。請看以下例子： 英國人貝蒂：“請到我的公寓(flat)里來看看，好嗎?” 美國人艾米：“好的。我很樂意到你的公寓(apartment)去。” 那么，英語在一段時間里為什么會起變化呢?事實上，當不同文化互相交流滲透時，所有的語言都會有所發展，有所變化。首先，在公元450年到1150年間，人們所說的英語跟今天所說的英語就很不一樣。當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎的，而現代英語不是。然后，漸漸地，大約在公元800年到1150年期間，英語不那么像德語。因為那時的英國的統治者起初講丹麥語后來講法語。這些新的定居者大大豐富英語語言，特別是在詞匯方面。所以到17世紀，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時期都大。在1620年，一些英國人搬遷到美洲定居。后來，到19世紀，有些英國人也被送往澳大利亞，兩個國家的人都開始說英語。最后，到20世紀，英語才真正定形。那時，英語在拼寫上發生兩大變化：首先，塞繆爾·約翰遜編寫詞典，后來，諾厄·韋伯斯特編纂《美國英語詞典》，后者體現美國英語拼寫的不同特色。現在，英語在南亞也被當作外語或第二語言來說。比如說，印度擁有眾多講英語很流利的人，這是因為英國于1765年到1947年統治過印度。在那期間，英語成官方語言和教育用語。在新加坡、馬來西亞和非洲其它國家，比如南非，人們也說英語。

目前在中國學習英語的人數正在迅速增長。事實上，中國可能擁有世界上最多的英語學習者。中國英語會發展出自己的特色嗎?這只能由時間來回答。Using Language 標準英語和方言 什么是標準英語?是在英國、美國、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的英語嗎?信不信由你，(世界上)沒有什么標準英語。許多人認為，電視和收音機里所說的就是標準英語，這是因為在早期的電臺節目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。然而，在電視和收音機里，你也會聽出人們在說話時的差異。當人們用不同于“標準語言”的詞語時，那就叫做方言。美國英語有許多方言，特別是中西部和南部地區的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美國有些地區，即使是相鄰城鎮的兩個人所說的語言都可能稍有不同。美國英語之所以有這么多的方言是因為美國人是來自世界各地的緣故。地理位置對方言的產生也有影響。住在美國東部山區的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。當美國人從一個地方搬到另一個地方時，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去。因此，美國東南部山區的人同美國西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。美國是一個使用多種方言的大國。雖然許多美國人經常搬遷，但是他們仍然能夠辨別、理解彼此的方言。

Unit

3Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang Kun.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming.They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too.After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.I asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.She can be really stubborn.Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.Now I know that the proper way is always her way.I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?”

I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet.Of course she hadn’t;my sister doesn’t care about details.So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province.She gave me a determined look--the kind that said she would not change her mind.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters, she seemed to be excited about it.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.I know my sister well.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.Finally, I had to give in.Several months before our trip, Wang Wei and I went to the library.We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography.From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, traveling across western Yunnan Province.Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys.We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China.After it leaves China and high altitude, the Mekong becomes wide, brown and warm.As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.第三單元

游記Reading 沿湄公河而下的旅程 第一部分夢想與計劃 我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次偉大的自行車

旅行。兩年前，她買一輛昂貴的山地自行車，然后還說服我買一輛(山地車)。去年她去看望我們的表兄弟——在昆明讀大學的刀衛和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長大，湄公河在中國境內的這一段叫瀾滄江，在其他國家(境內)叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對騎車旅游產生興趣。大學畢業以后，我們終于有機會騎自行車旅行。我問我姐姐：“我們要去哪兒?”首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。現在她正在為我們的旅行制定計劃。我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個很嚴重的缺點。她有時確實很固執。盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。于是，我就知道這個盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。

我不停地問她，“我們什么時候出發?什么時候回來?”我還問她是否看過地圖。當然她并沒有看過——我的姐姐是不會考慮細節的。于是，我告訴她，湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給我一個堅定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會改變主意的。我說，我們的旅行將從5, 000多米的高地出發，這時她似乎顯得很興奮。當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。我非常解我的姐姐，她一旦下決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步。在我們旅行前的幾個月，王薇和我去圖書館。我們找到一本大型地圖冊，里面有一些世界地理的明細圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河發源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動。它穿過深谷時就變成急流，流經云南西部。有時，這條江形成瀑布，進入寬闊的峽谷。我們倆驚奇地發現這條河有一半是在中國境內。當流出中國，流出高地之后，湄公河就變寬，變暖，河水也變成黃褐色。而當它進入東南亞以后，流速減緩，河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國南海。Using Language 夜晚的西藏山景 第二部分山中一宿 雖然是秋天，但是西藏已經開始下雪。我們的腿又沉又冷，感覺就像大冰塊。你看到過雪人騎自行車嗎?我們看上去就像那樣。一路上，一些身著羊毛大衣的孩子們停下來看著我們。下午晚些時候，我們發現由于天冷我們的水壺都凍上。然而，湖水在落日的余暉下閃亮如鏡，景色迷人。像往常一樣，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不著給她鼓勁兒。上山很艱難，但是當我們環顧四周，(眼前的)景色讓我們感到驚奇，我們似乎能看到幾百里以外的地方。在某個時刻，我們發現自己置身高處，彷佛騎車穿越云層。然后我們開始下山，這非常有趣，特別是天氣逐漸變得暖和多。在山谷里，五彩斑斕的蝴蝶翩翩飛舞在我們身旁，我們還看到牦牛和羊群在吃草。這時，我們不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和長褲脫掉，換成T恤衫和短褲。一到傍晚，我們通常就停下來宿營，(于是)，我們先把帳篷支起來，然后吃飯。晚飯后，王薇把頭放在枕頭上就睡覺，而我卻醒著。半夜里，天空變得清朗，星星更亮。(夜晚)非常安靜——幾乎沒有風，只有篝火的火焰和我們做伴。當我躺在星空下，我想著我們已經走多遠。我們很快就要到達云南的大理。在那里，我們的表兄弟刀衛和宇航將加入我們的行列。我們迫不及待地想要見到他們!

第二篇：高中英語選修六課文原文

高中英語選修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING

Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.Styles in Western art have changed many times.As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones.Starting from the sixth century AD.The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were.A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art.They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective.This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century)In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities.There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles.Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors.They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day.However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly.Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters.At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it.They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.Modern Art(29th century to today)At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”.This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.On the one hand, some modern art is abstract;that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them.On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.These styles are so different.Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?

Unit 3 It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden.I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.It's my birthday in two weeks' time and I’ll be82years old!I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy life I live.This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and how you are finding it difficult to give it up.Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicted in three different ways.First, you can become physically addicted to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes.This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it.So when the drug leaves our body, you get withdrawal symptoms.I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain.Secondly, you become addicted through habit.As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.Lastly, you can become mentally addicted.I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to that I could only feel good when I smoked.I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit.But I did finally manage.When I was young, I didn't know much about the harmful effects of smoking.I didn't know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant.I certainly didn't know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way.Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers.However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow.She told me that she wouldn't go out with me again unless I stopped!I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasn't enjoying sport as much.When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time t quit smoking.I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve.I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.Love from Grandad

Unit 4 THE EARTH IS BECOMIG WARMER-BUT DOES IT MATTER? During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit.That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.So how has this come about and does it matter? Earth care's Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth's temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the ”greenhouse effect“.This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.Without the greenhouse effect he earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius cooler than it is.So, we need those gases.The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million(see Graph 2)All scientists accept this data.They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.So how high will the temperature increase go? Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise in completely different.On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe.She says, ” We can't predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious.“ Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species.On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.In fact, Hambley states, ”More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.It will make plants grow quicker;crops will produce more;it will encourage a greater range of animals-all of which will make life for human beings better." Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.No one knows the effects of global warming.Does that mean we should do nothing? Or, are the risks too great?

Unit 5

AN EXCITING JOB I have the greatest job in the world.I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world.Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored.Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive.However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces n earth-the volcano.I was appointed as volcanologist information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii.Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.Our work has saved man lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses.Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine.This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall.The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.It was in the second week after I arrived in Hawaii.Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance.There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air.It was an absolutely fantastic sight.The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed during the eruption.Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer.All three of us looked like spacemen.We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.

第三篇：(高中英語)課文原文及其譯文

必修一Unit1 Anne‘s Best Friend

Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts?Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you,or would not understand what you are going through?Anne Frank wanted the first kind,so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World WarⅡ.Her family was Jewish so nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said,‖I don‘t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,but I want this diary itself to be my friend,and I shall call my friend Kitty.‖Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15th June,1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if it‘s because I haven‘t been able to be outdoors for so long that I‘ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,the song of the birds,moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.That‘s changed since I was here.…For example,one evening when it was so warm,I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self.But as the moon gave far too much light,I didn‘t dare open a window.Another time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.I didn‘t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut.The dark,rainy evening,the wind,the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that I‘d seen the night face to face…

…Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.It‘s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours, Anne 第一單元友誼Reading安妮最好的朋友

你是不是想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是擔心你的朋友會嘲笑你，會不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，于是她就把日記當成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大戰期間住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則他們就會被德國納粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了兩年之后才被發現。在這段時間里，她唯一的忠實朋友就是她的日記了。她說，“我不愿像大多數人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記當作我的朋友，我要把我這個朋友稱作基蒂”。安妮自從1942年7月起就躲藏在那兒了，現在，來看看她的心情吧。親愛的基蒂：

我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。

??比方說，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮。但是因為月光太亮了，我不敢打開窗戶。還有一次，就在五個月以前的一個晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。我一直等到非關窗不可的時候才下樓去。漆黑的夜晚，風吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮住了。這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚??

??令人傷心的是??我只能透過臟兮兮的窗簾觀看大自然，窗簾懸掛在沾滿灰塵的窗前，但觀看這些已經不再是樂趣，因為大自然是你必須親身體驗的。Using Language Reading,listening and writing 親愛的王小姐：

我同班上的同學有件麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位男同學一直相處很好，我們常常一起做家庭作業，而且很樂意相互幫助。我們成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同學卻開始在背后議論起來，他們說我和 這位男同學在談戀愛，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是我又討厭人家背后說閑話。我該怎么辦呢？

Reading and writing 尊敬的編輯：

我是蘇州高中的一名學生。我有一個難題，我不太善于同人們交際。雖然我的確試著去跟班上的同學交談，但是我還是發現很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時候我感到十分孤獨。我確實想改變這種現狀，但是我卻不知道該怎么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會非常感激的。Unit2 the Road to Modern English At the end of the 16th century,about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century,people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world,and because of that,English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today,more people speak English as their first,second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don‘t speak the same kind of English.Look at this example: British Betty:Would you like to see my flat? American Amy:Yes.I‘d like to come up to you apartment.So why has English changed over time?Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At fist the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was base more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 500 and 1150,English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600‘s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia to.English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened:first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example,India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact,China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity?Only time will tell.第二單元世界上的英語 Reading 通向現代英語之路

16世紀末期大約有5百萬到7百萬人說英語，幾乎所有這些人都生活在英國。后來，在17世紀英國人開始航海征服了世界其它地區。于是，許多別的國家開始說英語了。如今說英語的人比以往任何時候都多，他們有的是作為第一語言來說，有的是作為第二語言或外語。

以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。請看以下例子： 英國人貝蒂：“請到我的公寓（flat）里來看看，好嗎？” 美國人艾米：“好的。我很樂意到你的公寓（apartment）去。”

那么，英語在一段時間里為什么會起變化呢？事實上，當不同文化互相交流滲透時，所有的語言都會有所發展，有所變化。首先，在公元450年到1150年間，人們所說的英語跟今天所說的英語就很不一樣。當時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎的，而現代英語不是。然后，漸漸地，大約在公元800年到1150年期間，英語不那么像德語了。因為那時的英國的統治者起初講丹麥語后來講法語。這些新的定 居者大大豐富了英語語言，特別是在詞匯方面。所以到17世紀，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時期都大。在1620年，一些英國人搬遷到美洲定居。后來，到了19世紀，有些英國人也被送往澳大利亞，兩個國家的人都開始說英語了。

最后，到20世紀，英語才真正定形。那時，英語在拼寫上發生了兩大變化：首先，塞繆爾·約翰遜編寫了詞典，后來，諾厄·韋伯斯特編纂了《美國英語詞典》，后者體現了美國英語拼寫的不同特色。現在，英語在南亞也被當作外語或第二語言來說。比如說，印度擁有眾多講英語很流利的人，這是因為英國于1765年到1947年統治過印度。在那期間，英語成了官方語言和教育用語。在新加坡、馬來西亞和非洲其它國家，比如南非，人們也說英語。目前在中國學習英語的人數正在迅速增長。事實上，中國可能擁有世界上最多的英語學習者。中國英語會發展出自己的特色嗎？這只能由時間來回答了。Using Language 標準英語和方言

什么是標準英語？是在英國、美國、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的英語嗎？信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標準英語。許多人認為，電視和收音機里所說的就是標準英語，這是因為在早期的電臺節目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。然而，在電視和收音機里，你也會聽出人們在說話時的差異。

當人們用不同于“標準語言”的詞語時，那就叫做方言。美國英語有許多方言，特別是中西部和南部地區的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美國有些地區，即使是相鄰城鎮的兩個人所說的語言都可能稍有不同。美國英語之所以有這么多的方言是因為美國人是來自世界各地的緣故。

地理位置對方言的產生也有影響。住在美國東部山區的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。當美國人從一個地方搬到另一個地方時，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去了。因此，美國東南部山區的人同美國西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。美國是一個使用多種方言的大國。雖然許多美國人經常搬遷，但是他們仍然能夠辨別、理解彼此的方言。

Unit3 Journey Down the Mekong My name is Wang Kun.Ever since middle school,my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.Last year,she visited our cousins,Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college if Kunming.They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River,the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.Wang Wei soon got time interested in cycling too.After graduating from college,we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.I asked my sister,―Where are we going?‖It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.She can be really stubborn.Although she didn‘t know the best way of getting to places,she insisted that she organize the trip properly.Now I know that the proper way is always her way.I kept asking her,―When are we leaving and when are we coming back?‖I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet.Of course she hadn‘t;my sister doesn‘t care about details.So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province.She gave me a determined look--the kind that said she would not change her mind.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 meters,she seemed to be excited about it.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold,she said it would be an interesting experience.I know my sister well.Once she has made up her mind,nothing can change it.Finally,I had to give in.Several months before our trip,Wang Wei and I went to the library.We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography.From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier to move quickly.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys,traveling across western Yunnan Province.Sometimes the river becomes a water fall and enters wide valleys.We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China.After it leaves China and high altitude,the Mekong becomes wide,brown and warm.As it enters Southeast Asia,its pace slows.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.At last,the river delta enters the South China Sea.第三單元游記Reading沿湄公河而下的旅程 第一部分夢想與計劃

我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地自行車，然后還說服我買了一輛（山地車）。去年她去看望了我們的表兄弟——在昆明讀大學的刀衛和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長大，湄公河在中國境內的這一段叫瀾滄江，在其他國家（境內）叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對騎車旅游產生了興趣。大學畢業以后，我們終于有了機會騎自行車旅行。我問我姐姐：“我們要去哪兒？”首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。現在她正在為我們的旅行制定計劃。

我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個很嚴重的缺點。她有時確實很固執。盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。于是，我就知道這個盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我不停地問她，“我們什么時候出發？什么時候回來？”我還問她是否看過地圖。當然她并沒有看過——我的姐姐是不會考慮細節的。于是，我告訴她，湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我一個堅定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會改變主意的。我說，我們的旅行將從5,000多米的高地出發，這時她似乎顯得很興奮。當我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。在我們旅行前的幾個月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我們找到一本大型地圖冊，里面有一些世界地理的明細圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河發源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動。它穿過深谷時就變成了急流，流經云南西部。有時，這條江形成瀑布，進入寬闊的峽谷。我們倆驚奇地發現這條河有一半是在中國境內。當流出中國，流出高地之后，湄公河就變寬了，變暖了，河水也變成了黃褐色。而當它進入東南亞以后，流速減緩，河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國南海。Using Language 夜晚的西藏山景 第二部分山中一宿

雖然是秋天，但是西藏已經開始下雪了。我們的腿又沉又冷，感覺就像大冰塊。你看到過雪人騎自行車嗎？我們看上去就像那樣。一路上，一些身著羊毛大衣的孩子們停下來看著我們。下午晚些時候，我們發現由于天冷我們的水壺都凍上了。然而，湖水在落日的余暉下閃亮如鏡，景色迷人。像往常一樣，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不著給她鼓勁兒。上山很艱難，但是當我們環顧四周，（眼前的）景色讓我們感到驚奇，我們似乎能看到幾百里以外的地方。在某個時刻，我們發現自己置身高處，彷佛騎車穿越云層。然后我們開始下山，這非常有趣，特別是天氣逐漸變得暖和多了。在山谷里，五彩斑斕的蝴蝶翩翩飛舞在我們身旁，我們還看到牦牛和羊群在吃草。這時，我們不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和長褲脫掉，換成T恤衫和短褲。一到傍晚，我們通常就停下來宿營，（于是），我們先把帳篷支起來，然后吃飯。晚飯后，王薇把頭放在枕頭上就睡覺了，而我卻醒著。半夜里，天空變得清朗了，星星更亮了。（夜晚）非常安靜——幾乎沒有風，只有篝火的火焰和我們做伴。當我躺在星空下，我想著我們已經走了多遠。

我們很快就要到達云南的大理。在那里，我們的表兄弟刀衛和宇航將加入我們的行列。我們迫不及待地想要見到他們！Unit4 A Night the Earth didn‘t Sleep

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3:00 am on July 28,1976,some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual the night.At 3:42 am everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end!Eleven kilometers directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers away.One-third of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme.Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.Thousands of families were killed of injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural?Everywhere they looked nearly every thing was destroyed.All of the city‘s hospitals,75%of its factories and buildings and 90%of its homes were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.No wind,however,could blow them away.Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for traveling.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.Half a million pigs and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were shocked.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.All hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Fresh water was taken to the city by train,truck and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.第四單元地震 Reading 地球的一個不眠之夜

河北省東北部的農村不斷有些怪事發生：三天來，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。農夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農家大院里的雞,甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。老鼠從田地里跑出來找地方藏身。魚缸和池塘里的魚會往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3點左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空沒有飛機，在唐山城外也可以聽到飛機聲。在市內，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當一回事，當天晚上照常睡著了。

在凌晨3點42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。世界似乎到了末日！二十世紀最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里處發生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全國1/3的地方都有震感。一條8公里長30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、馬路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸氣。石頭山變成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒鐘內，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。人們遭受的災難極為深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。成千上萬個家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死傷的人數達到40多萬。

幸存的人們又怎么能相信這是自然現象呢？人們無論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。所有的市內醫院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消失了。殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，然而它們是不可能被風刮走的。兩座大壩垮了，多數橋梁不是塌了就是無法安全通行了。鐵軌如今成了一條條廢鋼。好幾萬頭牛再也擠不出奶來。50萬頭豬和幾百萬只雞全都死了。井里滿是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，在下午晚些時候，又一次和第一次一樣的強烈的地震震撼著唐山。有些醫生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、電和食物都很難弄到。人們開始納悶，這場災難還會持續多久。

不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震后不久，部隊派了15萬名戰士到唐山來協助救援人員，數十萬的人 得到了救助。部隊人員組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。在唐山市的北邊，有一個萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數人得救了。援救人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所，用火車、卡車和飛機向市內運來了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，這座城市又開始出現了生機。Reading and speaking 唐山市政府辦公室

親愛的______________：

恭喜你！我們很高興地告訴你，你在以新唐山為主題的中學演講比賽中獲得第一名。評委會的五位評委聽了你的演講，他們都認為你的演講是今年最好的。你的父母親和你的學校會為你而驕傲！

下個月我們市將開放一個新公園，以紀念在那次可怕的災難中死去的人們，并向那些曾經為幸存者提供過幫助的人們致敬。我們辦公室想請你在7月28日上午11點給來公園的參觀者進行演講。你知道，三十（）年前的這一天正是唐山發生地震的日子。

在這個特殊的日子里，我們邀請你把家人和朋友一起帶來。誠摯的 張沙 Unit5 Elias‘Story

My name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.He was generous with his time,for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education.I began school at six.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.I could not read or write well.After trying hard,I got a job in a gold mine.However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there,and I worried about whether I would become out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.I became more hopeful about my future.I never forgot how kind Mandela was.When he organized the ANC Youth League,I joined it as soon as I could.He said: ―The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping out rights and progress,until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.‖

It was the truth.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.They could not get the jobs they wanted.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.No one could grow food there.In fact as Nelson Mandela said: ―…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.We chose to attack the laws.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful;when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.‖

As a matter of fact,I do not like violence…but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.第五單元納爾遜·曼德拉 ——一位當代英雄 Reading 伊萊亞斯的故事

我的名字叫伊萊亞斯。我是南非的一個窮苦的黑人工人。第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時候，是我一生中非常艱難的時期。（當時）我才12歲，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我尋求幫助的一位黑人律師。他為那些窮苦黑人提供法律指導。他十分慷慨地給予我時間，我為此非常感激。

由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的幫助。我六歲開始上學，我僅僅在那里讀了兩年的學校有三公里遠。我不得不輟學，因為我的家庭無法繼續支付學費和交通費。我既不太會讀，也不怎么會寫。幾經周折，我才在一家金礦找到一份工作。然而在那個時候，你要想住在約翰內斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。糟糕的是我沒有這個證件，因為我不是在那里出生的，我很擔心我是不是會失業。

納爾遜·曼德拉給予我幫助的那一天是我一生中最高興的日子。他告訴我要想在約翰內斯堡立住腳，應當如何獲取所需證件。我對自己的未來又充滿了希望。我永遠也忘記不了他對我的恩情，當他組織了非國大青年聯盟時，我馬上就參加了這個組織。他說：“過去30年來所出現的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。”

他說的是真話。當時黑人沒有選舉權，他們無權選擇他們的領導人。他們不能做自己想要做的工作。他們所能住的城區都是由白人決定的。他們被打發去住的城外地區是南非最貧窮的地區。在那兒，沒有人能夠種莊稼。事實上，就像拉爾遜·曼德拉所說的：

“??我們被置于這樣一個境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現實，要么跟政府作斗爭。我們選擇向法律進攻。首先我們用和平的方式來破壞法律，而當這種方式也得不到允許時，??只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。”

事實上，我并不喜歡暴力，??但是在1963年的時候，我幫助他炸毀了一些政府大樓。那是很危險的事情，因為如果我被抓住了，可能就會被關進監獄。但是，我樂于幫忙，因為我知道，這是為了實現我們的黑人和白人平等的夢想。

1.必修二Unit1 IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM尋找琥珀屋

Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.普魯士國王腓特烈·威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.這件禮物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有這個名字，是因為造這間房子用了好幾噸的琥珀。The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.選出來的琥珀色彩艷麗，呈現蜂蜜一樣的黃褐色。The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.琥珀屋的設計采用了當時流行的別致的建筑式樣。It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.它也是用金銀珠寶裝飾起來的珍品。一批國家最優秀的藝術家用了大約十年的時間才把它完成。

In fact , the room was not made to be a gift.事實上，這個琥珀屋并不是作為禮物來建造的。It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ.它是為腓特烈一世的宮殿設計（制作）的。However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.然而，下一位普魯士國王，腓特烈·威廉一世，這個琥珀屋的主人卻決定不要它了。In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great.在1716年，他把琥珀屋送給了彼得大帝。In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.作為回贈，沙皇則送給他一隊自己最好的士兵。So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.這樣，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宮的一部分。About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.這間琥珀屋長約四米，被用作招待重要來賓的小型會客室。

Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.后來，葉卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宮殿中。She told her artists to add more details to it.她叫她的工匠在原來設計的基礎上增添了更多精細的裝飾。In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.1770年，這間琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold.將近600支蠟燭照亮了這個房間，里面的鏡子和圖畫就像金子一樣閃閃發光。Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing.可悲的是，盡管琥珀屋被認為是世界上的一大奇跡之一，可是現在它卻消失了。

In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg.1941年9月，納粹德國的軍隊逼近圣 彼得堡。This was a time when the two countries were at war.這是在兩國交戰的時期。Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.在納粹分子到達夏宮之前，俄羅斯人只能把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件藝術飾品搬走。However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself.可是琥珀屋本身卻被一些納粹分子偷偷地運走了。In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.在不到兩天的時間里，10萬個部件裝進了27個木箱。There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.毫無疑問，這些箱子后來被裝上火車運往哥尼斯堡，它是當時德國在波羅的海邊的一個城市。After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.從那以后，琥珀屋的去處便成了一個謎。

Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace.By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one.近來，俄羅斯人和德國人已經在夏宮建起了一個新的琥珀屋，通過研究琥珀屋原來的照片，他們建造的新琥珀屋樣子和舊的看起來非常像。In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city.2003年，圣彼得堡人民就用它來慶祝該市建成300周年。

2.必修二Unit 1 A FACT OR AN OPINION? 事實還是看法？

What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? 什么是事實呢？是不是人們所相信的就是事實呢？ No.A fact is anything that can be proved.不是。事實是可以證實的信息。For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.This is a fact.舉例來說，中國人口比世界上任何其他國家的人口都多，這是可以得到證實的，這就是事實。

Then what is an opinion? 那么，什么是看法呢？An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved.看法是人們相信是真實的但是未經證實。So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial.因此在審判中，看法不是強有力的證據。For example, it is an opinion if you say ―Cats are better pets than dogs‖.舉例來說，如果你說：―貓作為寵物比狗好。‖ It may be true, but it is difficult to prove.這就是看法，這個看法可能是正確的，但是它難以被證實。Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.有些人可能不同意這種看法，但是他們也不能證明他們是正確的。

In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.在審判中，法官必須斷定哪些證人可以相信，哪些證人不能相信。The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works.法官并不考慮證人的長相如何，也不考慮這個人住在哪里，在哪兒工作。He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.他（她）關心的只是目擊者是否提供了真實的信息，這些信息必須是事實而不是個人觀點或看法。This kind of information is called evidence.這種信息就叫做證據。

3.必修二Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW采訪

Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.帕薩尼亞斯是大約2000年前的一位希臘作家，他于2007年3月18日作了一次魔幻旅行，來打聽當代奧林匹克運動會的情況。He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.現在他正在采訪一位2008年奧林匹克運動會的志愿者李燕。

P: My name is Pausanias.I lived in what you call ―Ancient Greece‖ and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.I‘ve come to your time to find out about the present-day Olympic Games because I know that in 2004 they were held in my homeland.May I ask you some questions about the modern Olympics? 帕：我叫帕薩尼亞斯。我生活在你們所說的―古希臘‖。我曾經寫過很久以前奧林匹克運動會的情況。現在我來到你們這個時代，想了解有關當代奧運會的情況，因為我知道2004年奧運會是在我的祖國舉行的。我可以問你幾個有關現代奧林匹克運動會的問題嗎？

L: Good heavens!Have you really come from so long ago? But of course you can ask any questions you like.What would you like to know? 李：天哪！你真的來自那么久遠的年代？當然你可以問你想問的問題。你想知道什么呢？ P: How often do you hold your Games? 帕：你們的奧運會多久舉行一次？

L: Every four years.There are two main sets of Games-the Winter and Summer Olympics, and both are held every four years on a regular basis.The Winter Olympics are usually held two years before the Summer Games.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.They may come from anywhere in the world.李：每四年一次。運動會有兩種：夏季奧運會和冬季奧運會。這兩種運動會都是四年舉行一次。冬季奧運會總是在夏季奧運會的前兩年舉行。只有達到他們各自項目統一標準的運動員才會被接受參加奧運會。選手可以來自全世界任何一個地方。

P: Winter Games? How can the runners enjoy competing in winter? And what about the horses? 帕：冬季奧運會？冬天運動員怎么可能賽跑啊？又怎么可能賽馬呢？

L: Oh no!There are no running races or horse riding events.Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice.That‘s why they‘re called the Winter Olympics.It‘s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.李：噢，不！冬奧會并不包括跑步和騎馬比賽，但是卻有像滑冰和滑雪這類需要冰雪的比賽項目，所以才叫它冬季奧運會。跑步、游泳、劃船和一些團隊項目是在夏季運動會上進行。P: I see.Earlier you said that athletes are invited from all over the world.Do you mean the Greek world? Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!帕：我明白了。你原來說邀請來的運動員來自世界各地。你指的是希臘世界？我們希臘各個城市之間曾經為了贏得榮譽而彼此競爭。別的國家不能參加，奴隸和婦女也不能參加。L: Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes are good enough.There are over 250 sports and each on has its own standard.Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and …

李：現在只要他們的運動員達到了參賽的標準，任何國家都能參賽。總共有250多個運動項目，每個項目都有自己的標準。婦女不僅允許參加，而且她們還在體操、競技和團隊等比賽項目中起著非常重要的作用……

P: Please wait a minute!All those events, all those countries and even women taking part!Where are all the athletes housed? 帕：請等一下！所有這么多項目，所有這么多國家，甚至婦女也都參加！所有這些參賽的人住在哪里呢？

L: For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well.李：每屆奧運會都有一個特殊的村莊（奧運村）供參賽的人住，一個主要的接待大樓，好幾個供比賽用的體育場，還有一個室內體育館。

P: That sounds very expensive.Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games? 帕：那聽起來要花很多錢吧。會有人想承辦奧運會嗎？

L: As a matter of fact, every country wants the opportunity.It‘s a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen.There‘s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.The 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing, China.Did you know that? 李：事實上，每個國家都想抓住這個機會。被選中不僅要承擔巨大的責任同時也享有極大的榮譽。國與國之間爭取奧運會承辦權的競爭就跟爭奪奧運獎牌一樣的激烈。2008年的奧運會 將在中國舉行，你知道嗎？ P: Oh yes!You must be very proud.帕：是的，聽說過，你一定很自豪。

L: Certainly.And after that the 2012 Olympics will be held in London.They have already started planning for it.A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London.New medals will be designed of course and …

李：當然。那么2012年的奧運會將在倫敦舉行。他們現在已開始籌劃。在倫敦的東部將為運動員建立一個新的奧運村和所有的運動場。當然還會設計新的獎牌……

P: Did you say medals? So even the olive wreath has been replaced!Oh dear!Do you compete for prize money too? 帕：你剛才說獎牌是嗎？就連橄欖枝花環也被取代了！天哪，你們也為獎金而競賽嗎？ L: No, we don‘t.it‘s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further.That‘s the motto of the Olympics, you know-―Swifter, Higher and Stronger.‖

李：不，不是的。仍然是為了能夠跑得更快，跳得更高，擲得更遠。你知道，奧運會的口號就是―更快，更高，更強‖。

P: Well, that‘s good news.How interesting!Thank you so much for your time.帕：這是個好消息。很有趣！占用了你的時間，非常感謝。

4.必修二Unit 2 THE STORY OF ATLANTA亞特蘭大的故事

Atlanta was a Greek princess.亞特蘭大是一位希臘公主。She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.But she was not allowed to run and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games.她長得很美，跑得比希臘的任何男人都快，但是她卻不被允許在奧運會上參加比賽為自己贏得榮譽。She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.她因此非常生氣，就跟她的父親說，她不會嫁給任何跑不過她的男人的。Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him.她的父親說她必須結婚，于是亞特蘭大就和她的父親達成了一個協議。She said to him,“These are my rules.When a man says he wants to marry me, I will run against him.If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed.No one will be pardoned.” 她對父親說：―我有我的條件。如果有人說想娶我，我就跟他賽跑。如果他跑得不如我快，他就要被殺掉，任何人不得求饒。‖ Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atlanta, but when they heard of rules they knew it was hopeless.許多國王和王子想要娶阿特蘭大。但是當聽到她規定的條件時，他們知道是沒有希望的。So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race.因此許多人就悶悶不樂地回家了，但是也有一些人留下來賽跑。There was a man called Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atlanta's rules, 有位叫希波墨涅斯的人，聽到亞特蘭大的條件，大為吃驚。“Why are these men so foolish?” he thought.“Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this princess?” 他想：―為什么這些人那么愚蠢呢？為什么他們跑不過這個公主就讓別人把自己殺掉呢？‖ However, when he saw Atlanta come out of her house to run, Hippomenes changed his mind.后來，當希波墨涅斯看到亞特蘭大從屋子里出來跑步時，他改變了主意。“I will marry Atlanta--or die!” he said.他說：―我要娶亞特蘭大，否則就去死。‖

The race started and although the man ran very fast, Atlanta ran faster.比賽開始了，雖然那些男人跑得很快，可是亞特蘭大跑得更快。As Hippomenes watched he thought, “How can I run as fast as Atlanta?” He went to ask the Greek Goodness of Love for help.希波墨涅斯想：―我怎樣才能跑得像亞特蘭大一樣快呢？‖他去向希臘愛情女神求助。She promised to help him and gave him three golden apples.女神答應幫助他，并且給了他三個金蘋果。She said,“ Throw an apple in front of Atlanta when she is running past.When she stops to pick it up, you will be able to run past her and win.” 她說：―當亞特蘭大跑過你的時候，你就把一個蘋果扔在她前面。當她停下來去撿蘋果時，你就可以繼續向前跑而獲勝。‖

Hippomenes took the apples and went to the King.希波墨涅斯拿著蘋果去見國王。He said,“ I want to marry Atlanta.” The King was sad to see another man die, but Hippomenes said,“ I will marry her------or die!” So the race began.他說：―我要娶亞特蘭大。‖國王很憂傷，因為又要看到一個人去送死了，但是希波墨涅斯說：―我要娶她，要不，我就去死。‖于是比賽開始了。

5.必修二Unit 3 WHO AM I? 我是誰？

Over time I have been changed quite a lot.經過一段時間我已經被改變了很多。I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.1642年我在法國誕生時是一臺計算機器。Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.盡管當時我還年輕，但是我能簡化一些復雜的數學題。I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.我發育緩慢，差不多到了兩百年之后，查爾斯·巴比奇才把我制成了一臺分析機。After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes, I could ―think‖ logically and produce an answer quicker than any person.在操作員用穿卡孔為我設計程序后，我能夠進行邏輯―思考‖，并且能夠比任何人更快地算出答案。At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my ―artificial intelligence‖.那時這被當作是一次技術革命，也是我―人工智能‖的開始。In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a ―universal machine‖ to solve any difficult mathematical problem.在1936年，我真正的父親艾倫·圖靈寫了一本書，講述了怎樣使我成為一臺―通用機器‖來解決任何數學難題。From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.從那時起，我在體積和腦容量方面迅速成長。By the 1949s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger到二十世紀四十年代，我已經長得像一間屋子那么大，我不知道是否還會長得更大。.However, this reality also worried my designers.但是，這個現實也使得我的設計者很擔心。As time went by, as was make smaller.隨著時間的推移，我被弄得越來越小。First as a PC(personal computer)and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.自二十世紀七十年代以來，我一直被用在辦公室和家庭里，先是用作個人電腦，后來又被做成便攜式。

These changes only became possible as my memory improved.這些變化只有隨著我的存儲能力的不斷提高才成為可能。First it was stored in tubes, then on transistors and later on very small chips.最初是被存儲到電子管中，以后是晶體管上，后來是非常小的芯片上。As a result I totally changed my shape.因此，我已經完全改變了我的形狀。As I have grown older I have also grown smaller.隨著我的年齡越來越大，我也變得越來越小。Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!隨著時間的推移，我的記憶能力發展得如此之快，就像一頭大象一樣，從來不會忘記告訴我的任何事情！And my memory became so large that even I couldn‘t believe it!我的存儲容量變得如此巨大，連我自己都不能相信！But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.但是我總是孤孤單單地站在那里，直到二十世紀六十年代初，人們才給了我一個用網絡聯成的家庭。I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.我能夠通過萬維網和其他人分享我的知識。Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.從二十世紀七十年代起，我又被開發出了很多新的用途。I have become very important in communication, finance and trade.我在通訊、金融和商業領域變得非常重要。I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.我還被放在機器人里面，被用來制作移 動手機，并且用來幫助作醫療手術。I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.我還被放置在航空火箭里去探測月球和火星。Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.不管怎樣，我的目標是給人類提供高質量得生活。I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!現在我充滿了幸福感，因為我是人類忠實的朋友并時時給他們提供幫助。

6.必修二Unit 3 ANDY – THE ANDROID機器人安迪

I‘m part of an android football team.我是安迪足球隊的一個成員。About once a year we are allowed to get together to play a game of football.每年大約有一次，我們可以獲準在一起進行一次足球賽。I‘m as big as a human.It fact, I look like one too.我同真人一樣大小。事實上我看上去也很像人。On the football team I‘m a striker so I have to be able to run very fast.我在球隊中是前鋒，所以我需要跑得非常快。My computer ships help me to move and think like a human.我的電腦芯片幫助我像真人一樣運動和思考。For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good for a goal.例如，當我前面沒人防守有機會射一個好球的時候，我已經學會了用計算機語言向隊友示意把球傳給我。

My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago.我第一次足球比賽是幾年前在日本的名古屋。Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.去年，我們隊去了美國華盛頓州的西雅圖比賽，獲得了第二名。Personally, I think the team that won first place cheated.我個人認為得冠軍的那個隊作弊了。They had developed a new type of program just before the competition.他們恰好在比賽前研制了一種新程序。So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too.因此我們也需要鼓勵我們的程序編制員來提高我們的智能。We are determined to create an even better system.我們決心創造一個更好的系統。In a way our programmer is like our coach.從某種程度上看，我們的程序員就像是我們的教練。She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.她把觀看人類比賽時所看到的一切可能動作編入我們的程序。Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.然后她把我在新情況下能用得上的可靠動作準備好。In this way I can make up new moves using my ―artificial intelligence‖.這樣，我就可以用―人工智能‖編制出新的動作。I could like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them.我真的特別喜歡和人類球隊比賽，因為我經過程 序編制，行動起來和他們一樣。After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I‘m all about!不管怎樣，在我過目不忘的電子腦的幫助下，運用智能就是我的一切。

7.必修二Unit 4 HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WILDLIFE 戴茜是如何學會保護野生動物的

Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife.戴茜一直以來都渴望幫助那些瀕臨滅絕的野生動植物。One day she woke up and found a flying carpet by her bed.一天她醒來，發現床邊有一塊飛毯。―Where do you want to go?‖ it asked.Daisy responded immediately.―I‘d like to see some endangered wildlife,‖ she said.飛毯問：―你想去哪兒？‖戴茜立刻回答道：―我想去看看瀕臨滅絕的野生動物。―Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.‖ 請帶我到遙遠的地方，在那里我可以發現為制作這件毛衣而提供毛絨的那種動物。‖At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet.飛毯立刻開始起飛了，帶她到了中國的西藏。There daisy saw and antelope looking sad.在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面帶憂郁的神色。It said, ―We‘re being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.As a result, we are now an endangered species.‖ 它說：―為了取得我們肚皮底下的羊毛，我們正在被屠殺。我們的毛被用來為像你一樣的人們制作毛衣。因此，我們現在瀕臨滅絕了。‖At that Daisy cried, ―I‘m sorry I didn‘t know that.I wonder what is being done to help you.Flying carpet, please show me a place where there‘s some wildlife protection.‖ 聽了這話，戴茜哭了：―我很抱歉，我過去不知道還有這回事兒。我不知道為了幫助你們正在采取什么措施。飛毯啊，請把我帶到一個有野生動植物保護的地方去，好嗎？‖

The flying carpet traveled so fast that next minute they were in Zimbabwe.飛毯飛行得如此之快，以至于一轉眼他們就來到了津巴布韋。Daisy turned around and found that she was being watched by and elephant.戴茜轉過身去，看到一頭大象正望著她。―Have you come to take my photo?‖ it asked.大象問道：―你是來給我拍照的嗎？‖In relief Daisy burst into laughter.戴茜如釋重負，突然笑了起來。―Don‘t laugh,‖ said the elephant, ―We used to be an endangered species.Farmers hunted us without mercy.大象說道，―我們過去是瀕危動物，農民們總是慘無人道地捕殺我們。They said we destroyed their farms, and money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.他們說，我們破壞了他們的農田，而旅游者的錢過去都流進了大型旅游公司。So the government decided to help.于是政府決定出面提供幫助。They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.如果游客付給農民錢的話，他們允許游客來獵取一定數量的動物。Now the farmers are happy and our numbers are increasing.如今農民高興了，我們的數量也在增加。So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.‖因此，為了拯救當地的野生動植物，他們也在做一些好事。‖

Daisy smiled, ―That‘s good news.戴茜笑道：―這可是個好消息。It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I‘d like to help as the WWF suggests.‖ 這體現了野生動植物保護的重要性，不過，我還是想按照世界自然基金會（WWF）的建議來幫助你們。‖ The carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest.飛毯再次升起，幾乎一轉眼他們就到了茂密的熱帶雨林。A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.一只猴子一邊擦著身體，一邊望著他們。―What are you doing?‖ asked Daisy.戴茜問它：―你在干什么呢？‖―I‘m protecting myself from mosquitoes,‖ it replied.它回答說：―我這樣做可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。When I find a millipede insect, I rub it over my body.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.當我發現一種千足蟲，便把它擦在身上，它含有一種強效的藥物可以防止蚊蟲叮咬。You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live the appreciate how the animals live together.你們應該多加關注我生活的熱帶雨林，并且懂得熱帶雨林的動物是如何在一起生活的。No rainforest, no animals, no drugs.‖沒有雨林，就沒有動物，也就沒有藥物了。‖

Daisy was amazed.戴茜很驚訝。―Flying carpet, please take me home so I can tell WWF and we can begin producing this new drug.―飛毯，請帶我回家去，我可以告訴世界自然基金會，我們可以開始生產這種新藥。Monkey, please come and help.‖ The monkey agreed.猴子，請跟我回去幫忙吧。‖猴子同意了，The carpet flew home.As they landed, things began to disappear.毯子飛回了家。當他們著地時，一切就開始消失了。Two minutes later everything had gone-the monkey, too.So Daisy was not able to make her new drug.兩分鐘后，什么都沒了──猴子也沒了。這樣，戴茜就不能制造新藥了。But what an experience!但是，這是一次多么奇妙的經歷呀！She had learned so much!And there was always WWF…她學了那么多東西！而且，還有世界自然基金會呢

8.必修二Unit 4 ANIMAL EXTINCTION動物滅絕

Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.從地球有史以來的這段漫長時期，許多動物都消失了。The most famous of these animals are dinosaurs.這些動物中最有名的是恐龍。They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.千百萬年前，恐龍就在地球上生活，比人 類的出現要早得多。當時他們的前景好像也很安全。

There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.當時有許多不同種類的恐龍，其中有很多種類曾經生活在中國。The eggs of twenty-five species have been found in Xixia County, Nanyang, Henan Province.25個種類的恐龍蛋是在河南省南陽西峽縣發現的。Not long ago a rare new species of bird-like dinosaur was discovered in Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province.不久前，在遼寧省的朝陽縣新發現了一種罕見的、形狀像鳥一樣的恐龍。When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.科學家們觀察他們的頭骨時，驚奇地發現他們不僅跟其他恐龍一樣可以跑，而且還可以爬樹。They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.科學家是根據恐龍骨骼的連接方式得知的這些。

Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.恐龍大約在6500萬年前就突然地滅絕了。Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.有些科學家認為恐龍滅絕是發生在一件意外事故之后，當時宇宙間一塊巨石擊中地球因而在空氣中揚起太多的塵土。Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.另外一些科學家則認為，地球變得太熱，因此恐龍無法在地球上生活了。

Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.沒有人確切地知道恐龍是由于什么原因，又是怎樣在這么短的時間里從地球上消失的。We know many other wild plants, animals, insects and birds have died out more recently.我們知道，近來許多其他的野生動植物、昆蟲和鳥類也滅絕了。According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.根據聯合國的一份報告，在過去500年里，有844種動植物消失。The dodo is one of them.It lived on the Island of Mauritius and was a very friendly animal.渡渡鳥就是其中的一種。它生活在毛里求斯島上，是一種非常友好的動物。Please listen to a story of the dodo and how it disappeared from the earth.請聽一個關于渡渡鳥的故事，看看它是如何從地球上消失的。

9.必修二Unit 5 THE BAND THAT WASN’T并非樂隊的樂隊

Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? 你曾經想過要成為一個樂隊里有名的歌手或音樂家嗎？ Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? 你是否曾夢想過 在音樂會上面對成千上萬的觀眾演唱，觀眾欣賞你的歌唱為你鼓掌嗎？ Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Lin Huan? 你唱卡拉OK時是否假裝自己就是宋祖英或劉歡一樣著名的歌星嗎?To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.說實在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。But just how do people form a band? 那么，人們又是怎樣一起組成樂隊的呢？

Many musicians meet and form a band because they like to write and play their own music.許多音樂家聚在一起組成樂隊，是因為他們喜歡自己作曲，演奏自己的音樂。They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someone‘s house is the first step to fame.他們開始可能是一組中學生，在某個人家里排練音樂是成名的第一步。Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.有時他們可能在街上或在地鐵里為過路人演奏，這樣他們可以為自己或自己要買的樂器多掙一些錢。Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.后來，他們可能在酒吧或者俱樂部里演出，這樣他們可以得到現金。Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires!當然，他們希望在錄音棚里錄音，然后賣掉上百萬張碟，從而成為百萬富翁。

However, there was one band hat started in a different way.然而，也有一個用不同方式組建起來的樂隊。It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show.這支樂隊叫―門基樂隊‖，它開始時是以電視節目表演的形式出現的。The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the beatles.組成樂隊的音樂人演奏音樂，還彼此打趣逗笑。這些玩笑和音樂大多都在模仿―甲殼蟲‖樂隊。The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.電視制作人原計劃想尋找四位會唱會表演的樂手。They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough.他們在報紙上登了一則廣告，想招搖滾樂手，但他們只招到一個滿意的。They had to use actors for the other three members of the band.樂隊的其他三人只能用演員來代替。

As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.因為這些演員中有些人唱得不是很好，他們不得不依靠隊里的其他人幫助。So during the broadcasts they just pretended to sing.所以在演出的時候他們只是假唱。Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied by clubs in order to get more familiar with them.不管怎樣，他們的表演非常幽默以至于其他的樂隊也開始模仿。他們非常走紅使得歌迷們為了更加熟悉他們而成立了俱樂部。Each week on TV, the Mondees would play and sing songs written by other musicians.門基樂隊每個星期都要在電視上演唱由別的音樂家創作的歌曲。However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.然而，經過大約一年以后，門基樂隊逐漸對自己的工作認真起來，他們開始像一支真正的樂隊那樣演唱自己創作的歌曲。Then they produced their own records and started touring and play their own music.然后他們錄制自己的唱片，并且開始巡回表演他們自己的音樂。In the USA they became even more popular than the Beatles and sold even more records.在美國，他們甚至比―甲殼蟲‖樂隊還要受歡迎，出售的錄音專輯還要多。The band broke up about 1970, but happily the reunited in the mid-1980s.―門基樂隊‖大約在1970年左右解散，但是令人高興的是，到80年代中期他們再次聚首。they produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.在1996年，他們推出了一張新的專輯，以此來慶祝他們真正成為樂隊以來的那段時光。10.必修二Unit 5 FREDDY THE FROG(II)青蛙弗雷迪

Not long after Freddy and the band became famous, they visited Britain on a brief tour.弗雷迪和他的樂隊成名后不久，就到英國作短暫的巡回演出去了。Fans showed their devotion by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.歌迷們表現出了極大的忠心，他們等幾個小時來購買音樂會的門票。Freddy was now quite confident when he went into a concert hall.弗雷迪現在步入演出廳會感到非常自信。He enjoyed singing and all the congratulations afterwards!他很喜歡演唱，喜歡演出后的祝賀聲！His most exciting invitation was to perform on a programme called “Top of the Pops.” 最令他感到激動的是受邀請參加叫做―頂級流行歌手‖的電視節目中的那場表演。He had to go to London, wear an expensive suit and give a performance to a TV camera.他得去倫敦，穿著昂貴的服裝，對著電視攝像機演唱。It felt very strange.那種感覺真是不一般。But as soon as the programme was over, the telephones which were in the same room started ringing.而節目一完，這個房間里的電話鈴聲就開始響起來了。Everybody was asking when they could see Freddy and his band again.They were truly stars.大家都問他們什么時候可以再次看到弗雷迪和他的樂隊。他們真的成了歌星了！

Then things went wrong.后來情況可就不妙了。Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的樂隊無論走到哪兒都有人跟蹤。Even when they wore sunglasses or beards people recognized them.甚至他們戴著太陽鏡留著胡子時，人們也會認出 他們來。Fans found them even when they went into the toilet.即使他們上廁所，也會被歌迷發現。They tried to hide in the reading rooms of libraries, but it was useless.他們試圖在圖書館的閱覽室里躲藏起來，但這些都不管用。Someone was always there!總有人在那兒等著！Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.一些不認識他們的人也在不斷地討論他們的私生活，而且就像他們的密友一樣在談論他們。At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band to which they were never to return, and went back to the lake.終于由于深感苦惱，神經高度緊張，弗雷迪和他的樂隊意識到他們必須在自己感到太痛苦之前離開這個國家。因此，他們離開了英國，從此再也沒有回去，又重新回到湖里去了。

5.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations節日和慶典

Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.自古以來，世界各地就有各種各樣的節日和慶典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn.最古老的節日總是慶祝嚴寒的結束、春季的種植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals.有時，在獵人捕獲獵物后，也舉行慶祝活動。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.在那個時代，如果食物難以找到，特別是在寒冷的冬月，人們會挨餓。Today‘s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.現在的節日有很多由來，一些是宗教上的，一些是季節性的，一些是紀念特殊的人和事件的。Festivals of the Dead亡靈節

Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些節日，是為了紀念死者，或使祖先得到滿足，因為祖先們有可能回到世上（給人們）提供幫助，也有可能帶來危害。For the Japanese festival.Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂蘭盆節，人們要掃墓、燒香，以緬懷祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.他們還點起燈籠，奏響樂曲，因為他們認為這樣做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.在墨西哥，亡靈節是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with ―bones‖ on them.在這個重要的節日里，人們會吃制成顱骨形狀的食物，和裝點有―骨頭‖的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead.他們向亡者祭獻食物、鮮花和禮品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.西方節日萬圣節也源自人們古老的信念，認為亡者的靈魂會返回人間。It is now a children‘s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours‘ homes to ask for sweets.萬圣節如今成了孩子們的節日，這天他們可以喬裝打扮上到鄰居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果鄰居什么糖也不給，那么孩子們就可以捉弄他們了。

Festivals to Honour People紀念名人的節日

Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.也有紀念名人的節日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan.中國的端午節（龍舟節），是紀念著名古代詩人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World.美國的哥倫布日是紀念克里斯托弗·哥倫布發現―新大陸‖的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India‘s independence from Britain.印度在10月2日有個全國性節日，紀念莫漢達斯·甘地，他是幫助印度脫離英國而獨立的領袖。Harvest Festivals慶豐收的節日

Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.收獲與感恩節是非常喜慶的節日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.越冬的糧食收集起來了，農活結束了，人們都心懷感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals.在歐洲國家，人們通常用花果來裝飾教堂和市政廳，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.有些人還可能因為他們的農產品（參加各種評選）而獲獎，比如最大的西瓜或最帥的公雞。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy

mooncakes.中國和日本都有中秋節，這時，人們會賞月。在中國，人們還品嘗月餅。Spring Festivals春天的節日

The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富生氣而又最重要的節日，就是告別冬天、迎來春天的日子。At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.中國人過春節要吃餃子、魚和肉，還要給孩子們送紅紙包著的壓歲錢。There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.（他們）舞龍燈、狂歡，全家人聚在一起歡慶陰歷年。Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February.在一些西方國家有激動人心的狂歡節，通常在二月，復活節前的四十天。These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.狂歡節期間，人們身著各種艷麗的節日盛裝，伴隨著鼓噪的音樂，在街頭游行，晝夜跳舞。Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world.復活節是全世界基督徒的一個重要的宗教和公眾節日。It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.它慶祝耶穌復活，也歡慶春天和新生命的到來。Japan‘s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.再晚些時候，日本就迎來了櫻花節，The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as thought it is covered with pink snow.（節日里）整個國度到處是盛開的櫻花，看上去就像覆蓋了一層粉紅色的雪。

People love to get together to eat , drink and have fun with each other.人們喜歡聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。節日讓我們享受生活，Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.讓我們為自己的習俗而自豪，還可以暫時忘掉工作中的煩惱。

6.必修三Unit 1 A SAD LOVE STORY一段傷心的愛情故事 Li Fang was heart-broken.李方的心都碎了。It was Valentine‘s Day and Hu Jin had said she would meet him at the coffee shop after work.這天是情人節，胡瑾說她下班后會在咖啡館和他見面的。But she didn‘t turn up.可現在她卻不見人影。She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.也許她這會兒跟朋友在一起，正在取笑他呢。She said she would be there at seven o‘clock, and he thought she would keep her word.她說她會在7點到達，他(李方)認為她會守信用的。He had looked forward to meeting her all day, and now he was alone with his roses and chocolates, like a fool.他一整天都期盼著見到她，而現在他拿著玫瑰花和巧克力獨自一人守候著，像個傻瓜一樣。Well, he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.他不想屏息等她來道歉，He would drown his sadness in coffee.他要用咖啡來解愁。

It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave-he wiped the tables, then sat down and turned on the TV-just what Li Fang needed!很明顯，咖啡館里的經理在等李方離開一一他擦好桌子，然后坐下來，打開電視機。這正合了李方的意！A sad Chinese story about lost love.正在播出的是流傳在中國的一個悲傷的愛情故事。

The granddaughter of the Goddess of Heaven visited the earth.王母娘娘的外孫女下凡來到人間。Her name was Zhinü, the weaving girl.她的名字叫織女，做紡織活的女孩。While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.(―Just like me and Hu Jin,‖ thought Li Fang.)她在人間遇到了牛郎，兩人相愛了。(李方想―這正像我和胡瑾。‖)They got married secretly, and they were very happy.(―We could be like that,‖ thought Li Fang.)于是他們秘密結了婚，并且生活得十分幸福。(李方想,―我們也可以像他們那樣幸福的。‖)When the Goddess of Heaven knew that her granddaughter was married to a human, she became very angry and made

the weaving girl return to Heaven.王母娘娘知道自己的孫女跟一個世上的凡人結了婚，她勃然大怒，強行把織女帶回到天宮。Niulang tried to follow her, but the river of stars, the Milly Way, stopped him.當牛郎試圖追上去，卻被銀河阻擋住了。Finding that Zhinü was heart-broken, her grandmother finally decided to let the couple cross the Milky Way to meet once a year.看到織女傷心欲絕，最后王母娘娘決定讓這對夫妻每年跨過銀河相會一次。Magpies make a bridge of their wings so the couple can cross the river to meet on the seventh day of the seventh lunar month.陰歷七月初七，喜鵲們會展翅搭橋，讓這對戀人過河相會。People in China hope that the weather will be fine on that day, because if it is raining, it means that Zhinü is weeping and the couple won‘t be able to meet.中國人都希望這天天氣晴朗，因為如果碰到下雨，這就意味著織女在哭泣，兩個戀人不能見面。

The announcer said,‖ This is the story of Qiqiao Festival.主持人說道：―這就是乞巧節的故事。When foreigners hear about the story, they call it a Chinese Valentine‘s story.外國朋友聽到這個故事就將它稱作中國的情人節。It‘s a fine day today, so I hope you can all meet the one you love.‖ 今天天氣晴朗，我希望你們都能見到所愛的人。‖

As Li Fang set off for home, he thought,‖ I guess Hu Jin doesn‘t love me.I‘ll just throw these flowers and chocolates away.I don‘t want them to remind me of her.‖ 李方動身往家走，心里想：―我想胡瑾是不愛我了，把這些鮮花和巧克力都扔了吧。我不想因它們想起她來。‖ So he did.于是他把花和巧克力都扔了。

As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice calling him.在回家路上，他神情失落地走過拐角處的一家茶館，聽到有人叫他的名字。There was Hu Jin waving at him and calling , ―why are you so late? I‘ve been waiting for you for a long time!And I have a gift for you!‖ 那是胡瑾在向他招手，她喊道：―你為什么這么晚才來呢? 我一直在這兒等你好久了!這是我送給你的禮物!‖

What would he do? He had thrown away her Valentine gifts!他怎么辦呢？他把情人節的禮物都扔了！She would never forgive him.她恐怕永遠也不會原諒他了。This would not be a happy Valentine‘s Day!這個情人節快樂不起來啦！

7.必修三Unit2 COME AND EAT HERE(1)到這里來用餐吧（1）

Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.王鵬坐在他那空蕩蕩的餐館里，感到十分沮喪。It had been a very strange morning.這個上午真是怪得很。Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs,roast pork, stir-flied vegetables and fried rice.通常他很早就起床準備他的菜肴----烤羊肉串、烤豬肉、炒菜和炒飯。Then by lunchtime they would all be sold.然后到午飯時分，這些菜都會賣完。By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.But not today!到了這個時候，他的餐館本該賓客盈門的，但今天卻不是！Why was that? What could have happened? 為什么會這樣？發生了什么事？ He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.他想起了他用滾燙的精制油烹制的羊肉、牛肉和臘肉。His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit.他的可樂又甜又冷，冰激凌是用牛奶、奶油和美味的水果制成的。“Nothing could be better,” he thought.他想：―再沒有比這些更好吃的了。‖ Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.突然，他看到自己的朋友李昌匆匆地走過。“Hello, Lao Li,” he called.“Your usual?” 他喊道，―喂，老李！你還是吃老一套吧？‖ But Li Chang seemed not to hear.可是李昌似乎沒有聽到。What was the matter? 怎么回事呢？Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.要是李昌不像往常那樣到他

店里吃飯，那問題一定嚴重了。

Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant.王鵬跟著李昌來到一家新開張的小餐館。He saw a sign at the door.看見門口有一塊招牌：

Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? ―肥膩的東西吃厭了吧？想變瘦嗎？ Come inside Yong Hui‘s slimming restaurant.請到雍慧減肥餐館來。Only slimming foods served here.此地只供應減肥食品，Make yourself thin again!讓你恢復苗條！‖

Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.王鵬受到好奇心的驅使，走了進去。It was full of people.里面坐滿了人。The hostess, a very thin lady, came forward.“Welcome,” she said.“My name is Yong Hui.I'll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” 店老板，一個清瘦的女人走上前來說道：―歡迎光臨！我叫雍慧。您要是每天來這兒用餐，我可以在兩周內幫您減肥并讓身體健康起來。‖Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng.然后，她遞給王鵬一份菜譜。There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw vegetables served in vinegar, fruit and water.菜譜上只有很少幾樣食物和飲料：只有米飯、蘸醋吃的生蔬菜、水果和水。Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.王鵬對此感到吃驚，特別是對價格。It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant!這價格比在他的餐館里吃一頓好飯還要貴。He could not believe his eyes.他幾乎不能相信他的眼睛！He threw down the menu and hurried outside.他甩了菜譜就急匆匆往外走。On his way home he thought about his own menu.在回家的路上，他想起了自己的菜譜。Did it make people fat? 那些菜讓人發胖了嗎？ Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.也許他該去圖書館查查看。He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!他可不能讓雍慧哄騙人們卻不受懲罰！He had better do some research!他最好做一番調查！

At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui‘s far too little.在圖書館，王鵬很驚訝地發現，他餐館里的食物脂肪含量太高，而雍慧餐館里的食物脂肪含量又太少。Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui‘s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.盡管顧客吃她的餐館里的飯菜會變得苗條，但他們攝取不到足夠的熱量來保持健康。They would become tired very quickly.很快就會感到疲乏。Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home.開車回家時，王鵬覺得又有了希望。Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.也許寫個新的標牌、打點折，能夠贏回顧客吧。So he wrote: 于是他寫到：

Want to feel fit and energetic?―想健康又精力旺盛嗎？Come and eat here!Discounts today!到這里來用餐吧！今天打折！Our food gives you energy all day!

我們的食物能夠給您提供一整天所需的熱量！‖

The competition between the two restaurants was on!這兩家餐館之間的競爭開始了！

8.必修三Unit2 COME AND EAT HERE(2)到這里來用餐吧（2）

A week later, Wang Peng' s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.一周后，王鵬的餐館幾乎坐滿了人，他感到高興些了。Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.也許他仍然能夠謀生，而不至于關閉自己的餐館了。He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.他不希望由于餐館不受歡迎而負債。He smiled as he welcomed some customers warmly at the door but the smile left his face when he saw Yong Hui walking in.他微笑著站在門口熱情地迎接他的客人。但他一見到雍慧走進來，臉上的笑容馬上就消失了。She did not look happy but glared at him.雍慧瞪著他，看上去不高興。“ May I ask what you were doing in my restaurant the other day? ―請問你那天到我餐館里來干什么？ I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you 25

only came to spy on me and my menu,” she shouted.我本來以為你是一位新顧客，現在我才發現你只是過來打探我和我的菜譜的。‖ 她大聲問道。“ Please excuse me,” he calmly explained,“ I wanted to know where all my customers had gone last week.王鵬心平氣和地解釋說：―很對不起，上周我想知道我所有的顧客上哪兒吃飯去了。I followed one of them and found them in your restaurant.我跟著一位顧客走，發現他們在你的餐館里。I don' t want to upset you, but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.我并不想讓你心煩，不過我發現你菜譜上的菜太少了，所以我也就不著急了，我也開始宣傳我餐館的食物的好處。Why don' t you sit down and try a meal?” 你為什么不坐下來吃頓飯呢？‖

Yong Hui agreed to stay and soon they were both enjoying dumplings and breast of chicken cooked with garlic.雍慧同意留下來。沒過一會，他們兩人就津津有味地吃起餃子和蒜蓉雞胸。When they were served the ice cream, Yong Hui began to look ill.當到吃冰激凌時，雍慧開始看起來不舒服了。“I feel sick with all this fat and heavy food,” she said, 她說，―吃了這么多油膩的、難消化的食物，我都覺得惡心了。“ I miss my vegetables and fruit.”我想吃我的蔬菜和水果。‖Wang Peng was enjoying a second plate of dumplings so he sighed.“ Yes,” he added,“ and I would miss my dumplings and fatty pork.Don't you get tired quickly?” 這時候，王鵬正在吃第二盤餃子，他嘆了一口氣，說道，―同樣地，（如果在你的餐館）我還想吃我的餃子和肥肉呢。你不覺得自己很容易疲乏么？‖ “Well, I do have to rest a lot,” admitted Yong Hui.―是的，我的確經常需要休息。‖雍慧承認了，“But don't you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner? I‘m sure you ' d feel much healthier.”―不過，難道你不認為你瘦一點更好么？我相信，那樣你會覺得更健康些。‖

They began to talk about menus and balanced diets.他們開始談論菜譜和平衡膳食的問題。“ According to my research, neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet,” explained Wang Peng.王鵬解釋道：―根據我的研究，你我兩家所提供的都不是均衡膳食。“ I don' t offer enough fibre and you don' t offer enough body-building and energy-giving food.我沒有提供足夠的纖維食物，而你提供的食物沒有足夠的營養和熱量。Perhaps we ought to combine our ideas and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.”也許我們應該把我們的想法結合起來，做出一份富有熱量和纖維的均衡食譜。‖ So that is what they did.于是，他們就照此做了。They served raw vegetables with the hamburgers and boiled the potatoes rather than frying them.They served fresh fruit with the ice cream.他們用生蔬菜配漢堡包，煮土豆而不是油炸土豆，還拿新鮮水果配上冰激凌。In this way they cut down the fat and increased the fibre in the meal.這樣，他們減少了飯菜中脂肪的含量，增加了纖維素。Their balanced diets became-such a success that before long Wang Peng became slimmer and Yong Hui put on more weight.他們的平衡食譜非常有效，王鵬很快就瘦了，而雍慧卻胖了。After some time the two found that their business cooperation had turned into a personal one.不久以后，這兩個人發現，他們生意上的合作變成了私人的合作了。Finally they got married and lived happily ever after!最后，他們結了婚，過上了幸福美滿的生活！

9.必修三Unit 3 THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE百萬英鎊 Act I, Scene 3第一幕，第三場

NARRATOR: 旁白： It is the summer of 1903.Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet.1903年的夏天，一對老年又富有的兄弟，羅德里克和奧利弗，打了一個賭。Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.奧利弗認為，一個人靠一張百萬英鎊的鈔票在倫敦能活一個月。His brother Roderick

doubts it.他的兄弟羅德里克對此表示懷疑。At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.這時，他們看見一個身無分文的年輕人在房子外面的人行道上游蕩。It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.他叫亨利·亞當斯，一個美國商人，在倫敦迷了路，不知道該怎么辦。

RODERICK:Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? 羅德里克：年輕人，請你進來一會兒，好嗎？ HENRY: Who? Me, sir? 亨利：先生，你叫誰啊？是叫我嗎？ RODERICK:Yes, you.羅德里克：是的，就是你。

OLIVER: Through the front door on your left.奧利弗：從你左側的前門進來。

HENRY:(A servant opens a door)Thanks.亨利：（仆人給他打開門）謝謝。

SERVANT: Good morning, sir.Would you please come in? Permit me to lead the way, sir.仆人：早上好，先生，請進。先生，請讓我來帶路吧。OLIVER:(Henry enters)Thank you, James.That will be all.奧利弗：（亨利走進來）謝謝你，詹姆斯，沒你的事了。RODERICK: How do you do, Mr....er...? 羅德里克：你好，先生，你貴姓？ HENRY:Adams.Henry Adams.亨利：亞當斯，亨利·.亞當斯

OLIVER: Come and sit down, Mr.Adams.奧利弗：來，請坐，亞當斯先生。HENRY: Thank you.亨利：謝謝

RODERICK: You're an American? 羅德里克：你是美國人？

HENRY: That's right, from San Francisco.亨利：是的，從舊金山來。

RODERICK: How well do you know London? 羅德里克：你對倫敦熟悉嗎？

HENRY: Not at all, it's my first trip here.亨利：一點也不熟悉，這是我第一次來倫敦。

RODERICK:I wonder, Mr.Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.羅德里克：亞當斯先生，不知道你是否介意我們問幾個問題？ HENRY: Not at all.Go right ahead.亨利：不介意，請問吧。

RODERICK:May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are? 羅德里克：可不可以問問，你在這個國家要干點兒什么？你的計劃又是什么呢？

HENRY: Well, I can't say that I have any plans.I'm hoping to find work.As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.亨利：嗯，談不上有什么計劃，我希望能找到工作。事實上，我在英國上岸是偶然的。

OLIVER:How is that possible? 奧利弗：這怎么可能呢？

HENRY: Well, you see, back home I had my own boat.About a month ago, I was sailing out of the bay...(his eyes stare at what is left of the brother's dinner on table)亨利：嗯，你看，在美國的時候，我有自己的船。大約一個月前，我開船駛出了海灣……（他的眼睛盯著兩兄弟倆留在餐桌上的殘羹剩菜）OLIVER:Well, go on.奧利弗：往下說啊。

HENRY: Oh, yes.Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.It was all my fault.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning.The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.亨利：哦，好的。嗯，傍晚時分我發現我被一陣大風刮到海上去了。這都是我的錯。我不知道是否能活到早晨。第二天早上，我正感到絕望的時候，一艘海船發現了我。OLIVER:And it was the ship that brought you to England.奧利弗：正是那艘船把你帶到了英國。

HENRY: Yes.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.I went to the American embassy to seek help, but...(The brothers smile at each other.)亨利：是的。事實上我靠做義工來頂替船費，這就是我為什么衣冠不整的原因了。我上美國大使館求助，但是……（兄弟兩相顧而笑）

RODERICK: Well, you mustn't worry about that.It's an advantage.羅德里克：嗯，這一點你倒不必擔心，這還是優點呢。HENRY: I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir.亨利：對不起，先生，你的話我沒有聽懂。

RODERICK: Tell us, Mr.Adams, what sort of work did you do in America? 羅德里克：亞當斯先生，請告訴我們，你在美國干哪個行當？

HENRY: I worked for a mining company.Could you offer me some kind of work here? 亨利：我在一家礦業公司工作。你們能不能給我提供一份工作呢？

RODERICK: Patience, Mr.Adams.If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? 羅德里克：耐心點兒，亞當斯先生。如果你不介意，我能不能問問，你手頭兒有多少錢？ HENRY: Well, to be honest, I have none.亨利：嗯，老實說，我一分錢都沒有了。

OLIVER:(happily)What luck!Brother, what luck!(claps his hands together)奧利弗：（高興地）老兄，真走運！真有運氣！（鼓起掌來）

HENRY: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!On the contrary, in fact.If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don't think it's very funny.(Henry stands up to leave)Now if you'll excuse me, I think I'll be on my way.亨利：嗯，這對你們來說可能是運氣，但對我來說可不是。事實上，正好相反。如果你們認為這是一個笑話，我可不覺得很好笑。（亨利起身準備走）好了，請原諒，我想我該上路了。RODERICK:Please don't go, Mr.Adams~ You mustn't think we don't care about you.Oliver, give him the letter.羅德里克：亞當斯先生，請別走。你千萬不要以為我們不在意你的感受。奧利弗，把信給他。OLIVER:Yes, the letter.(gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift)The letter.奧利弗：是，拿信。（從座上把信拿起來，像送禮品一樣遞給亨利）給你信。HENRY:(taking it carefully)For me? 亨利：（小心翼翼地接過信）是給我的嗎？

RODERICK:For you.(Henry starts to open it)Oh, no, you mustn't open it.Not yet.You can't open it until two o'clock.羅德里克：是給你的。（亨利要拆信）啊，別拆，你不要拆，現在不是時候，到兩點鐘你才能打開。

HENRY: Oh, this is silly.亨利：噢，這真可笑。

RODERICK: Not silly.There's money in it.(calls to the servant)James? 羅德里克：這不可笑，這里邊有錢呢。（叫仆人）詹姆斯？ HENRY:Oh, no.I don't want your charity.I just want an honest job.亨利：噢，不，我不需要你們的施舍，我只要一份老老實實的工作。

RODERICK: We know you're hard-working.That's why we've given you the letter.James, show Mr.Adams out.羅德里克：我們知道你工作是很賣力的，這正是我們給你這封信的原因。詹姆斯，請送亞當斯先生出去。

OLIVER: Good luck, Mr.Adams.奧利弗：祝你好運，亞當斯先生。

HENRY:Well, why don't you explain what this is all about? 亨利：嗯，怎么不給我講講，這究竟是怎么回事呢？

RODERICK: You'll soon know.(looks at the clock)In exactly an hour and a half.羅德里克：你很快就會明白的，（看著鐘）一個半小時以后。SERVANT: This way, sir.仆人：請這邊走，先生。

RODERICK: Mr.Adams, not until 2 o'clock.Promise? 羅德里克：亞當斯先生，兩點鐘以前不要拆信，答應嗎？ HENRY: Promise.Goodbye.亨利：答應。再見！

10.必修三Unit3 THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE百萬英鎊: Act I, Scene 4第一幕，第4場

(Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the envelope without opening it and decides to go in.He sits down at a table next to the front window.)（在餐館外邊，亨利看了看信封，沒有打開，然后決定走進餐館。他在靠近前邊窗戶的一張桌子旁坐了下來）

OWNER:(seeing Henry's poor appearance)That one's reserved.This way, please.(to the waiter)Take this gentleman's order, Horace.店 主：（看看亨利的那副窮酸相）那張桌子有人訂了。請到這邊來。（對服務員）霍勒斯，來等這位先生點菜。

HENRY:(after sitting down and putting the letter on the table)I'd like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak.Make it extra thick.I'd also like a cup of coffee and a pineappledessert.亨 利：（坐定之后，把信放在桌上）我要火腿加雞蛋，還來一塊大牛排，要特厚的。我還要一杯咖啡，一份菠蘿甜點。

WAITER:Right, sir.I'm afraid it'll cost a large amount of money.服務員：好的，先生。恐怕這得花費一大筆錢。HENRY: I understand.And I'll have a large glass of beer.亨 利：我明白。我還要一大杯啤酒。

WAITER:OK.(The waiter leaves and soon returns with all the food.)服務員：行。（服務員離開了，很快把所有的食物端了上來）HOSTESS: My goodness!Why, look at him.He eats like a wolf.女老板：天哪！你看他，吃起東西來就像頭狼。OWNER:We'll see if he's clever as a wolf, eh? 店主：瞧著吧，看他是不是像狼一樣機靈？

HENRY:(having just finished every bit of food)Ah, waiter.(waiter returns)Same thing again, please.Oh, and another beer.亨利：（剛吃完了所有的東西）喂，服務員。（服務員過來了）同樣的東西請再來一份，呃，再來一大杯啤酒。

WAITER:Again? Everything? 服務員：每樣東西都再來一份嗎？

HENRY: Yes, that's right.(sees the look on the waiter's face)Anything wrong? 亨利：是，沒錯。（看著服務員臉上的神色）有什么不對嗎？

WAITER:No, not at all.(to the owner)He's asked for more of the same.服務員：不，沒什么不對。（對店主）他再要一份同樣的食物。

OWNER:Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.Well, we'll have to take a chance.Go ahead and let him have it.店主：嗯，許多美國人喜歡吃得多，這是大家都知道的。哦，我們得冒點兒風險。去吧，讓他吃吧。

WAITER:(reading the bill after the meal)All right.That's two orders of ham and eggs, two extra thick steaks, two large glasses of beer, two cups of coffee and two desserts.服務員：（飯后念賬單）好了。兩份火腿加雞蛋，兩份特厚的牛排，兩大杯啤酒，兩杯咖啡和兩份甜點。

HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall)Would you mind waiting just a few minutes? 亨利：（望著墻上的掛鐘）請等幾分鐘好嗎？

WAITER:(in a rude manner)What's there to wait for? 服務員：（很不耐煩地）還等什么？

OWNER:All right, Horace.I'll take care of this.店 主：霍勒斯，行啦，這兒由我來照應。

HENRY:(to owner)That was a wonderful meal.It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of tile simple things in life, especially if you can't have them for a while.亨 利：（對店主）這餐飯吃得真棒。從生活中如此簡單的東西之中竟能得到這么大的樂趣，真是令人吃驚，特別是當你暫時吃不到這些東西的時候。

OWNER:Yes, very interesting.Now perhaps, sir, if you pay your bill I can help the other customers.店 主：是的，很有意思。如果你現在能付賬的話，我就可以去照顧別的顧客了。

HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall again)Well, I see it's two o'clock.(he opens the envelope and holds a million pound bank note in his hands.Henry is surprised but the owner and waiter are shocked)I'm very sorry.But...I...I don't have anything smaller.亨 利：（又望著墻上的掛鐘）好了，我看兩點鐘到了。（他把信封拆開，拿出一張百萬英鎊的鈔票。亨利感到吃驚，店主和服務員驚呆了）很抱歉，我……我……我沒有小一點兒的鈔票。

OWNER:(still shocked and nervous)Well..er...just one moment.Maggie, look!(the hostess screams, the other customers look at her and she puts a hand to her mouth)Do you think it's genuine? 店 主：（還在發呆，而且有點兒緊張）好……嗯……，等一會兒。瑪吉，來瞧瞧！（女老板尖叫起來，其他顧客都望著她，于是，她用手捂住了嘴巴）你看這張鈔票是真的嗎？ HOSTESS: Oh, dear, I don't know.I simply don't know.女老板：天哪，我不知道。我真不知道。

OWNER:Well, I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount...Anyway, I don't think it can be a fake.People would pay too much attention to a bank note of this amount.No thief would want that to happen.店 主：嗯，我確實聽說過英格蘭銀行發行了兩張這樣面值的鈔票……不管怎樣，我覺得這不可能是假鈔。這么大面值的鈔票會特別引人注意的。小偷可不想引起別人的注意。HOSTESS: But he's in rags!女老板：但是他穿得破破爛爛的！

OWNER:Perhaps he's a very strange, rich man.(as if he has discovered something for the first time)Why, yes!That must be it!店 主：也許他是一個非常怪異而富有的人。（如夢初醒似的）啊，對了，一定是這樣的。HOSTESS:(hits her husband's arm)And you put him in the back of the restaurant!Go and see him at once.女老板：（在她丈夫的手臂上打了一下）是你把他帶到餐廳后面去的，還不馬上去看看他。OWNER:(to Henry)I'm so sorry, sir, so sorry, but I cannot change this bank note.店 主：（對亨利）先生，對不起，非常對不起，這張鈔票我們找不開。HENRY: But it's all I have on me.亨 利：而我身上就只帶了這張鈔票。

OWNER:Oh, please, don't worry, sir.Doesn't matter at all.We're so very glad that you even entered our little eating place.Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like.店 主：哎呀，先生，請別著急，一點兒也沒關系。我們非常高興你能走進我們這家小吃店。先生，真的，我希望您隨時光臨。HENRY: Well, that's very kind of you.亨 利：這，你太好了。

OWNER:Kind, sir? No, it's kind of you.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.Just having you sit here is a great honour!As for the bill, sir, please forget it.店 主：我太好了？不，先生，是您太好了。您什么時候想來就來，想吃什么就吃什么。您就是在這兒坐一下也是我們莫大的榮幸！至于說賬單嘛，先生，請把它忘了吧。HENRY: Forget it? Well...thank you very much.That's very nice of you.亨 利：忘了它？喔……，那就太謝謝了。你太好了。

OWNER:Oh, it's for us to thank you, sir and I do, sir, from the bottom of my heart.(The owner, hostess and waiter all bow as Henry leaves.)店 主：啊，先生，該是我們謝謝您呢。先生，我從心底里感謝您。（當亨利離開的時候，店主、女老板和服務員都一齊向他鞠躬）

11.必修三Unit4 HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH地球上生命的起源

No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.沒有人確切知道地球是怎樣開始形成的，因為在很早很早以前地球就形成了。However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.然而，一種普遍為人們所接受的理論是：宇宙起源于一次大爆炸，這次大爆炸將物質投射到四面八方。After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.然后，原子開始形成并結合成恒星和其他天體。

For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust.大爆炸后好幾十億年過去了，但地球還只是一團塵埃。What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.隨后它會變成什么沒人能知道，直到38—45億年前，這團塵埃才慢慢地形成一個固體的球狀物。The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球（開始）變得激烈動蕩，不知道這個固體形狀是否會繼續存在下去。It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere.它（地球）猛烈地爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石，最終產生了碳，氮氣，水蒸氣和其他多種氣體，從而形成了地球的大氣層。What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.更為重要的是，地球冷卻了下來，地球的表面就開始出現了水。

Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.在火星這些其他行星上都出現了水，但和地球不同的是，這些水后來都消失了。It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.水對于生命的發展會起關鍵作用，這一點在當時并不明顯。What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.很多科學家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，使得地球得以把有害氣體和酸性物質溶解在海洋里。This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.這就產生了一系列的反應，使得生命就有可能開始發展了。

Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.好幾百萬年后，水的表面開始出現了極小的植物。They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.他們繁殖起來就使得海洋充滿了氧氣，這為早期的貝類及其他各種魚類后來的進化創造了條件。Next, green plants began to grow on land.They were followed in time by land animals.接著，綠色植物開始出現在陸地上。Some were insects.Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water.隨后，陸地上出現了動物，其中有一些是昆蟲，另外一些叫兩棲動物，他們既能在陸上生活，也能在水里生存。Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time.后來，當植物長成了森林的時候，爬行動物首次出現了。They produced young entirely by laying eggs.他們一般是通過孵蛋而繁衍后代的。After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed.再后來一些叫做恐龍的巨型動物出現了。They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.他們也生蛋，在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。However,65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.然而，六千五百萬年前，恐龍時代結束了。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.他們為什么會突然滅絕至今仍是個謎。This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.恐龍的滅絕使地球上哺乳動物的增多有了可能。These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.這些動物不同于以往所有的生物形態，因為他們能從體內生產出

幼仔并給幼仔哺乳。

Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.最后，大約260萬年前，一些小巧聰明，長著手腳的動物出現了，他們散布在地球的各個地方。Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是，他們接著成為這個行星上最重要的動物。But they are not looking after the earth very well.然而，他們對地球卻不怎么在意，They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他們把過多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱不能釋放到太空中去。As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.因此，許多科學家相信地球可能會變得太熱而不適合生物生存。So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.所以，在未來的數百萬年中，生命能否在地球上延續，取決于這個問題能否得到解決。

12.必修三Unit 4 A VISIT TO THE MOON月球之旅

Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer.我的朋友李彥平是一位天文學家。上個月我有幸得到一個機會同他一起去太空旅行。We visited the moon in our spaceship!我們乘宇宙飛船參觀了月球。

Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.在啟程以前，李彥平向我解釋說，在我們的航行中會有三次引力的改變，而第一次的改變將是最強的。Then we were off.隨后我們就起航了。As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth's gravity.隨著火箭的升空，由于我們在努力掙脫地球的引力，我們被向后推在座位上。It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other.這種引力太強了，以至于我們彼此間都不能說話了。Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him.隨后，這個力量慢慢減小，我才能夠同他講話。“Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked.我問道：―為什么太空船不會向后朝地球的方向落下去呢？在地球上的時候，如果我從樹上掉下來，總會朝地上落下去的。‖ “We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull,” he explained, 李彥平解釋說：―現在我們離地球太遠了，感覺不到地球的拉力，“so we feel as if there is no gravity at all.所以我們感覺好像沒有地球引力了。When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth's.” 當我們更接近月球時，就會感到月球的引力在拉我們。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。‖ I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become 33

smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高興，由于失重我在太空艙里飄來飄去，我望著（身后的）地球越來越小，而（前方的）月球越來越大。

When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.我們到達月球時，我就想立即進行探測。“Come on,” I said.“If you are right, my mass will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely.―來吧，‖我說，―要是你講得對，我的重量就會比在地球上小，而我就能夠更自由地活動了。I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough.I shall certainly weigh less!” 如果我在月球上呆的時間足夠長的話，我甚至可能長得更高，我的體重肯定也會變得更輕！‖I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship.我笑著從飛船的梯級上爬下來。But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.而當我試著向前邁步的時候，我發覺我被送出去很遠，步子的跨度竟然是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。“Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” ―天哪，‖我大聲說，―重力改變了，看來走路也的確需要練一練了。‖After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.過了一會兒，我才掌握了走路的訣竅，這才開始感到自如了。

Leaving the moon's gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth's.擺脫月球引力不像擺脫地球引力那樣痛苦。But returning to the earth was very frightening.但是返回到地球的經歷卻是非常嚇人的。We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased.我們驚奇地看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land.當我們回到地面時，我們又感到被重重地推到在座位上。“That was very exhausting but very exciting too,” I said.我說道：―真是精疲力竭了，但也很激動人心。“Now I know much more about gravity!關于引力，我現在就懂得更多了。Do you think we could visit some stars next time?” 你認為下次我們可以上星球上去參觀嗎？‖ “Of course,” he smiled, “which star would you like to go to?”―當然可以，‖他笑著說，―你想到哪顆星球上去呢？‖

13.必修三Unit 5 A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”―真北方‖之旅

Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast.李黛予和她的表妹劉倩要去加拿大大西洋海岸的蒙特利爾市看望他們的表兄妹。Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.他們不想一路乘飛機，而決定先飛到溫哥華，再從西海岸乘

火車橫穿加拿大到達東海岸。The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.要橫貫整個大陸的想法很是令人興奮。

Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.朋友林丹妮，在機場等候她們。He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.他要帶著她們和行李去火車站乘坐橫越加拿大的―真北方‖號列車。On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.在去火車站的路上，林丹妮聊起了她們的旅程：“You're going to see some great scenery.―你們沿途將會看見美麗壯闊的風景。Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.一路向東行，你們會經過一座座山脈，上千個湖泊，森林，還有寬闊的河流和許多大城市。Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.有人想在不到五天的時間里穿越加拿大，他們忘了加拿大從東海岸到西海岸有5500公里。Here in Vancouver, you're in Canada's warmest part.這兒，溫哥華，是加拿大最溫暖的地方。People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人們說溫哥華是加拿大最美麗的城市，被大山和太平洋環抱。Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.落基山脈可以滑雪，海港供你揚帆，這些使得溫哥華成為加拿大最受歡迎的居住城市之一。Its population is increasing rapidly.這個城市的人口增長很快。The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.在溫哥華北面的海岸上保存著世界上最古老，最美麗的森林。It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.” 那兒的濕度很大，所以樹都長得特別高，一些高達90多米。‖

That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.那天下午表姐妹倆才登上火車落了座。Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.火車先是穿越落基山脈，她們總算看到了野山羊，甚至還看見了一只大灰熊和一只鷹。Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede.她們的下一站是卡爾加里，這個城市因―大西部賽馬會‖而聞名。Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede.來自世界各地的牛仔們來參加賽馬會比賽。Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.他們中許多人都有騎野馬的才能，他們能贏得幾千美元的獎金。

After two days' travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty.兩天后，他

們開始意識到加拿大人煙稀少。At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.他們在學校學過，大多數加拿大人居住在靠近美國幾百千米以內的邊境地帶，加拿大的人口也只有三千萬多一點兒。但是現在看到這么空曠的國家，她們很驚訝。They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.火車穿過一個種植小麥的省份，他們看到了面積有數千平方英畝的農場。After dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes.晚飯后，他們又回到城市，位于五大湖區最北端的繁忙的港口城市桑德灣。The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.海輪可以開到五大湖，讓表姐妹倆感到吃驚。Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.他們知道，因為五大湖，加拿大的淡水比世界上任何其他國家都要多。In fact, it has one-third of the world's total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.事實上，加拿大擁有全世界三分之一的淡水量，其中大部分都蓄在五大湖泊里。

That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.那天夜里她們睡著了，火車越過蘇必利爾湖北部，穿過大森林，朝南向多倫多飛馳著。

14.必修三Unit 5 ―THE TURE NORTH‖FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL多倫多——蒙特利爾的―真北方‖列車

The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.第二天早上，在她們的車窗外到處是灌木叢和楓樹，掛滿朱紅、赤金和橘黃色的葉子，地面覆蓋上一層薄霜，表明秋天已經來到了加拿大。

Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada.中午時分，她們來到多倫多——加拿大最大、最富有的城市。They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.她們要晚些時候才動身去蒙特利爾，因此就在多倫多市內游覽了一番。They went up the tall CN Tower and looked across the lake.她們登上了高高的加拿大國家電視塔，俯瞰著下面的湖水。In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.遠處，她們可以看到

湖的南邊尼亞加拉大瀑布上方升騰著的霧靄。The water flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.湖水流入尼亞加拉河，再經過大瀑布，流向大海。

They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams.她們看到了加頂的大型運動場，那是幾支著名的籃球隊的駐地。As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here.I should phone her from a telephone booth.”

當她們從港口區向北走的時候，李黛予說：―我媽媽的老同學林菲住在這里，我該到電話亭去給她打個電話。‖

They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto.大約黃昏時分，她們在市區的中國城見到了林菲，這是多倫多三個中國城中的一個。Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.在一個名叫―海珠酒樓‖的餐館里用餐時，表姐妹和許多年前就移居加拿大的林菲閑聊了起來。“We can get good Cantonese food here,” Lin Fei told them, “because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong.林菲告訴她們：―我們在這里可以吃到很好的廣東菜，因為這里的大多數中國人來自中國南方，尤其是香港。It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital.很可惜你們不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太華。It's approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto, so it would take too long.” 它在多倫多東北方約400公里，要去那兒花時間就太多了。‖

The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning.火車在那夜晚些時候起程了，第二天黎明到達了蒙特利爾。At the station, people everywhere were speaking French.火車站里，人們到處說的是法語。There were signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters.指示牌和廣告也都是法文的，但有些標注了小字體的英文。“We don't leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian.劉倩說：―我們要到傍晚才動身，‖ “Let's go downtown.Old Montreal is close to the water.” ―不如到市區去走走。蒙特利爾老城區靠近水邊‖ They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces beside the water.整個下午她們穿梭于布局可愛的商店，還拜訪了水邊工作坊里的藝術家。As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.當她們坐在咖啡館里眺望廣闊的圣勞倫斯河時，一個年輕人坐在了她們的身邊。

“Hello, my name is Henri.I'm a student at the university nearby,” he said, “and I was wondering

where you are from.” 他說，―你們好，我叫亨利，是這里的大學生。請問你們從哪里來？‖ The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.姑娘們告訴他，她們是坐火車來旅游的，要橫穿加拿大，在蒙特利爾只待一天。“That's too bad,” he said.“Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs.他說：―這太糟糕了，蒙特利爾這個城市有極好的餐館和俱樂部。Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions.我們大多數人既說英語也說法語，但是這座城市具有法國文化和傳統。We love good coffee, good bread and good music.” 我們喜歡好咖啡、好面包和好音樂。‖

That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves.那天晚上，火車沿著圣勞倫斯河疾馳，朝圣勞倫斯灣駛去，一直開到遠方的東海岸，姐妹兩個做夢都在想著法國餐館和紅色楓葉。

必修四Unit1A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE 非洲野生動物研究者

It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.清晨5點45分，太陽剛從東非的貢貝國家公園的上空升起，Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我們一行人準備按照簡研究黑猩猩的方法去森林里拜訪它們。Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.簡研究這些黑猩猩家族已經很多年了，她幫助人們了解黑猩猩跟人類的行為是多么的相似。Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.我們當天的首項任務就是觀察黑猩猩一家是如何醒來的。This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.這意味著我們要返回前一天晚上我們離開黑猩猩一家睡覺的大樹旁。Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.大家坐在樹蔭下等待著，這時候猩猩們睡醒了，準備離開。Then we follow as they wander into the forest.然后這群黑猩猩向森林深處漫步而去，我們尾隨其后。Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.在大部分時間里，黑猩猩或相互喂食，或彼此擦身，這在它們的家庭里是表示愛的方式。Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.簡預先提醒我們，到下午的時候我們就會又臟又累。她說對了。However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.不過到傍晚時分我們覺得這一切都是值得的。We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.我們看到黑猩猩媽媽跟她的幼子們在樹上玩耍，后來看見它們晚上一起回窩里睡覺了。We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.我明白了猩猩家庭成員之間的聯系像人類家庭一樣緊密。

Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.在簡之前沒有人完全了解黑猩猩的行為。She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花了多年的時間來觀察并記錄黑猩猩的日常生活。Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.從孩童時代起，簡就想在動物生活的環境中研究它們。However, this was not easy.但是，這不是一件簡單的事。When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.當她1960年最初來到貢貝時，對女性來說，住進大森林還是很稀罕的事情。Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母親頭幾個月來幫過她的忙，這才使她得以開始自己的計劃。Her work changed the way people think about chimps.她的工作改變了人們對黑猩猩的看法。For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.比方說，她的一個重要發現是黑猩猩獵食動物。Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.在此之前，人們一直認為黑猩猩只吃水果和堅果。She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.而她曾經親眼看到過一群黑猩猩捕殺一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.她還發現了黑猩猩之間是如何交流的，而她對黑猩猩肢體語言的研究幫助她勾勒出黑猩猩的社會體系。

For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.40年來，簡?古道爾一直在呼吁世人了解并尊重這些動物的生活。She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.她主張應該讓野生動物留在野外生活，而不能用于娛樂或廣告。She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.她還為黑猩猩建起了可以安全生活的保護區。She is leading a busy life but she says: 她的生活是忙忙碌碌的，然而，39

正如她所說的：“Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.It's terrible.―我一旦停下來，所有的一切都會涌上心頭。我就會想起實驗室的黑猩猩，太可怕了。It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.每當我看著野生黑猩猩時，這個念頭總是縈繞著我。I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?” 我會對自己說：?難道它們不幸運嗎？‘ And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.然后我就想起那些沒有任何過錯卻被關在籠子里的小黑猩猩。Once you have seen that you can never forget...“一旦你看到這些，你就永遠不會忘記……‖

She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.簡已經得到了她想要得到的一切：在動物的棲息地工作；獲得博士學位；還向世人證明女人和男人一樣也能在森林里生活。She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.她激勵著人們為婦女們的成就而歡呼喝彩。

必修四Unit 1 WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? 為什么不繼續她的事業？

I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? 上學時我喜歡英語、生物和化學，但是我進大學該選哪門專業呢？I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.直到有一天晚上坐在電腦旁研究中國的偉大女性時，我才有了答案。

By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases.很偶然地，我看到了一篇關于林巧稚大夫的文章。她是婦科專家，She lived from 1901 to 1983.1901年出生，1983年去世。It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.林巧稚似乎一直都在為自己選擇的事業而奔忙，她去國外留學，并寫了很多書和文章。One of them caught my eye.其中有一本書引起了我的注意。It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.這是一本小書，介紹如何從婦女懷孕到護理嬰兒的過程中降低死亡率。She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness.她提出了一些可以遵循的簡單的做法，保持嬰兒清潔和健康，讓他們遠離疾病。Why did she write that? 她為什么要寫這些東西呢？ Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? 林巧稚認為哪些婦女會需要這些忠告呢？ I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.我細細地看了這篇文章，了解到那是為農村婦女寫的。Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.也許是她們在遇到緊急情況時找不到醫生。

Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.突然我想起，在那個年代，一個女子去學醫是多么困難啊！That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'.那可是一個女性受教育總是排在男性之后的年代。Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? 難道她比別人要聰明得多？ Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.進一步閱讀使我了解到，是苦干、決心和善良的天性使她走進醫學院的大門。What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.后來使她成功的是她對所有病人獻出的愛心和體貼。There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.數不勝數的故事講述著林巧稚如何在勞累一天之后，又在深夜去為貧苦家庭的產婦接生，而這些家庭是不可能給她報酬的。

By now I could not wait to find out more about her.現在我迫不及待地想多了解一

些有關她的情況。I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.我發現林巧稚把畢生都奉獻給了病人，而自己卻選擇了獨身。Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered.她確保了大約五萬名嬰兒的安全出生。By this time I was very excited.這時候，我非常激動。Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? 為什么不像林巧稚那樣去讀醫學院，繼續她高尚的事業呢？It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and….現在努力提高學習成績、準備大學入學考試還不算晚……

必修四Unit2 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE造福全人類的先驅者

Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.盡管是中國最著名的科學家之一，袁隆平仍然認為自己是個農民，因為他在田里耕作，進行科學研究。Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的確，他被太陽曬得黝黑的臉龐和和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又結實的身軀，就跟其他千百萬中國農民一樣，過去50年來，他一直在努力幫助他們。Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁博士種植的是被稱為―超級雜交水稻的‖的稻種。In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1974年，他成為世界上第一位種植高產水稻的農業先鋒。This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產量。Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.如今中國每年出產的稻米有60%以上出自這種雜交稻種。

Born in a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.袁博士1930年出生，1953年畢業于西南農學院。Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.從那時起，找到水稻高產的方法就成為他一生的目標。As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.年輕時，他就看到了稻田增產的巨大需求。At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.當時，饑荒是許多農村地區面臨的嚴重問題。Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.袁博士要在不增加土地面積的基礎上尋求達到增收稻谷的途徑。In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice.1950年，中國農民只能生產五千萬噸稻谷，In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced.而近來卻生產了將近兩億噸稻谷。These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.這一糧食產量的增加意味著中國僅僅7%的耕地養活了世界22%的人口。Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.袁博士現在在印度、越南和很多其他欠發達國家傳播提高水稻產量的知識。Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.多虧了他的研究，聯合國在消除世界饑餓的戰斗中有了更多的辦法。Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的雜交水稻種子，農民種出的糧食比以前多了一倍。

Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.袁博士很滿意他的生活。However, he doesn't care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research.但是，他對成名并不在意，并且覺得出名后搞科研就不那么自由了。He would much rather keep time for his hobbles.他寧愿把時間花在自己的業余愛好上。He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, 41

swimming and reading.他喜歡聽小提琴樂曲、打麻將、游泳和讀書。Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.在自己身上花錢或者享受舒適的生活對袁博士來說意義不大。Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.事實上，他認為一個人有了太多錢，他的麻煩事只會更多，而不是更少。He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.于是，他拿出好幾百萬元幫助其他人進行農業科學研究。

Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.夢想是不花本錢的。Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum.Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.很久以前，袁博士曾在夢里看到水稻長得像高粱一樣高，稻穗跟玉米穗一樣大，而每粒稻谷像花生米一樣大。Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.袁博士從夢中醒來，希望能種植一種能養活更多人的水稻。Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.在很多年后的今天，袁博士還有另外一個夢想，那就是他的稻谷可以出口并長遍全球。One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.一個夢想總是不夠的，尤其對一個熱愛和關心人民的人來說更是如此。

必修四Unit2 CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING? 化學耕作還是有機耕作？

Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.在過去的半個世紀里，在耕作中使用化肥已經非常普遍。Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.很多農民喜歡使用化肥。把化肥作為防治農作物病蟲害和提高產量的重要手段。Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.然而，最近科學家發現長期使用這些肥料會造成土地受損，甚至更危險的是，會對人們的健康造成危害。

What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? 化肥帶來的問題有哪些呢？ First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones.首先，化肥在殺死病菌和害蟲的同時也會殺死有益的細菌和昆蟲，從而破壞土地。Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time.化學物質還會在地里和地下水中保存很長時間，This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.而這會影響到莊稼，進而影響到動物和人類，因為化學成分會進入到農作物中，并且不能被沖洗掉。These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.隨著時間的推移，食物中的這些化學成分會在人體中堆積。Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多化學成分能導致癌癥或其他疾病。In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.另外，施過化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生長得過快而營養不足。They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.它們表面上很好看，但里面通常是含過多的水分，而不是維生素和礦物質。

With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.由于這些發現，一些農民和消費者開始轉向有機耕作。Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.有機耕作就是不用任何化學肥料的耕作。They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.農民關心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.健康的土壤會減少病蟲

害并且幫助農作物茁壯成長。Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.因此，有機耕作的農民通常喜歡把天然的動物糞便當作肥料。They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile.他們認為這樣會使地里的土壤更富含礦物質，因而也會更加肥沃，This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.同時還可以讓空氣、土壤、水以及農作物不受化學物質的污染。

Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile.有機耕作的農民也使用很多其他的方法來保持土地肥沃。They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans.在同一塊地里，他們經常每隔幾年就換種農作物。例如，種玉米和小麥后來年再改種豌豆或大豆。Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆或大豆這樣的農作物將重要的礦物質帶回土壤，從而使之適宜于種植要求土地肥沃的農作物，比如玉米或小麥。Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.有機耕作的農民還種植多種農作物來利用不同層次的土壤。比如，他們先種植生長于淺層土壤的花生，然后再種植生根于深層土壤的蔬菜。Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop還有一些有機耕作者喜歡在農作物之間種草，以防止水土流失，并且把草留在地里，從而成為來年農作物的天然肥料。These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.這些不同的有機耕作的方法有著同樣的目標：種植好的糧食，避免損害環境或者人們的健康。

必修四Unit 3 A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR無聲的幽默的大師

As Victor Hugo once said, ”Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face“,維克多·雨果曾經說過：―笑容如同陽光，驅散人們臉上的陰霾‖and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.關于這一點，直到今天也沒有人比查理·卓別林做的更好。He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.在兩次世界大戰及中間艱苦的歲月里，他給英國和美國人民帶來了快樂。He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.在人們感到沮喪的時候，查理使人們開懷大笑，于是他們對自己的生活感到更加滿足。

Not that Charlie's own life was easy!然而卓別林自己的生活也并不容易。He was born in a poor family in 1889.His parents were both poor music hall performers.他生于1889年，出身貧寒。他的父母都是雜耍戲院里貧窮的演員。You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.你可能會感到驚奇，查理剛會說話時大人就教他唱歌，他剛會走路時大人就教他跳舞。Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain.這樣的訓練在當時的演員家庭中是很普遍的，尤其是在家庭收入經常不穩定的時候。Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.不幸的是他的父親去世了，使得他的家庭更加艱難，所以查理在童年時期就要照顧生病的母親和弟弟。By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England.在十多歲的時候，憑借著自己的幽默，查理已經在英國成為最受歡迎的童星之一。He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.他能夠不說話而僅靠動作來模仿傻子做日常的任務。No one was ever

bored watching him-his subtle acting made everything entertaining.看他的表演沒有人會感到無聊——他巧妙的表演使得一切都那么滑稽可笑。

As time went by, he began making films..隨著時間的推移，他開始拍電影。He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.他塑造的可愛的―小流浪漢‖角色開始聞名于世，而查理越來越受歡迎。The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.He walked around stilly carrying a walking stick.這個窮苦的無家可歸的小流浪漢，留著小胡子，穿著大褲子、破鞋子，頭頂著黑色的小圓帽。他手里拿著一根手杖邁著僵硬的步伐四處走動。This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.這個角色是個社會生活中的失敗者，但他樂觀的精神和戰勝困難的決心使他受到人們的喜愛。He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.面對并不善待他的人，這個弱者依然保持友善的態度。

How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? 然而這個小流浪漢是如何把悲涼的遭遇變得滑稽可笑的呢？ Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush.這里有一個例子，來自于他最著名的電影之一《淘金記》。It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California.19世紀中葉，在加利福尼亞州發現了金子。Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success.像其他很多人一樣，小流浪漢和他的朋友也涌向那里去淘金，但卻沒有成功。Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat.相反，他們被暴風雪困在山邊的一個小木屋中，沒有任何東西可吃。They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.他們餓極了，只好煮了一雙皮鞋來充饑。Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.查理首先挑出鞋帶來吃，像吃意大利面條一樣。Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.然后他把皮鞋上端的皮子切下來，就像切下一塊最好的牛排。Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.最后他試著把鞋底割下來嚼著吃。He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment.他每一口都嚼得津津有味。The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!查理的表演是那么有說服力，以至于你會相信這頓飯是他所吃過的最美味的一餐！

Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in.查理·卓別林自編、自導、自制他主演的電影。In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.1972年他被授予奧斯卡特別獎，以表彰他在電影界的杰出工作。He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977.他生活在英國和美國，卻在瑞士度過了生命中最后的日子，并于1977年安葬在那里。He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence人們熱愛和懷念這位偉大的演員，因為他鼓舞人們并增強他們的信心。

必修四Unit3英語笑話

Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area.夏洛克·福爾摩斯和華生醫生去山區野營。They were lying in the open air under the stars.他們在山區一塊露天的地上躺了下來，頭上頂著星星。Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered, ”Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?“ 夏洛克·福爾摩斯仰望著星空，輕聲地說道：―華生，當你望著美麗的天空時，你想到了什么？‖ Watson replied, ”I think of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted.“ 華生回答說：―我想到生命是如此的短促，而宇宙卻是如此的漫長。‖”No, no, Watson!“ Holmes said.”What do you really think of?.“ ―不，不對，44

華生！‖福爾摩斯說，―你到底想到了什么？‖ Watson tried again.”I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is.“ 于是華生又試著回答：―我想到我是如此的渺小，而天空是如此的廣闊。‖”Try again, Watson!“ said Holmes.―再回答一次，華生！‖福爾摩斯說。Watson tried a third time.”I think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds.“ 華生試著第三次回答了：―我想到宇宙是如此的寒冷，而人們睡在床上是如此的暖和。Holmes said, ”Watson, you fool!You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!“福爾摩斯說：―華生，你這個傻瓜！你應該想到有人把我們的帳篷偷走。‖

必修四Unit4 COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM? 交際：沒有問題了嗎？

Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university's student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students.昨天，我和另一個學生代表我們學校的學生會，到首都國際機場迎接今年的留學生。They were coming to study at Beijing University.We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen.他們來北京大學學習。我們會首先把他們帶到宿舍，然后去學生食堂。After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.在等了半個小時之后，我看見幾個年輕人走進了等候區，好奇地向四周張望。I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.站著觀察了他們一分鐘后，我便走過去跟他們打招呼。

The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一個到達的是從哥倫比亞來的托尼?加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國的朱莉婭?史密斯。After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised.在與他們碰面并介紹他們彼此認識之后，我（對看到的情景）感到很吃驚。Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走進朱莉婭，摸了摸她的肩，親了親她的臉！She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.她后退了幾步，看上去有些吃驚，并舉起了手，好像是在自衛。I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.我猜想這里可能有個很大的誤會。Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.隨后，來自日本的永田明微笑著走了進來，同時進來的還有加拿大的喬治?庫克。As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student.當我為他們做介紹時，喬治把手伸向了這位日本學生。Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George's moving hand.然而，就在那時，永田明正在鞠躬，所以他的鼻子碰到了喬治伸過來的手。They both apologizednot all members of a culture behave in the same way.然而，我發現身體語言的文化習俗是多元的——同一個（民族）文化中也并非所有成員的行為都一樣。In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!但總的來說，在當今文化交融的世界，學習不同國家的習俗肯定能幫助我們避免交往中的困難。必修四Unit 4 SHOWING OUR FEELINGS表達我們的情感

Body language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language.身體語言是最強有力的交際手段之一，甚至經常比口頭語言更有力量。People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud.世界各地的人們表達各種各樣的情感、愿望和態度，他們可能從來不會大聲地說出來。It is possible to ”read“ others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.―讀懂‖我們周圍的人的意思是有可能的，即便是人們并不想讓我們捕捉到他們沒有說出來的信息。Of course, body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.當然，身體語言可能會被誤讀，但是很多手勢和動作都具有普遍性。

The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile – its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.最普遍通用的面部表情當然是微笑——其作用是表示快樂和安人心境。It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however.然而微笑并不總是意味著我們是真的快樂。Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.世界上的微笑可能是假的，用來掩蓋其他情緒，比如生氣、害怕或煩惱。There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone ”loses face" and smiles to hide it.還有不愉快的微笑，比如當某人―丟了面子‖就會用微笑來掩飾。However, the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.但是，微笑的一般目的就是表達好的情緒。

From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning.從孩提時候起，我們就通過皺眉來表示不高興或者憤怒。In most places around the world, frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger.在世界上大多數地方，皺眉或者背對著某人都表示發怒。Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another

person.把手握緊，朝著別人晃拳頭幾乎總是意味著憤怒并且威脅別人。

There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement, almost worldwide.世界上有很多方式用來表示同意，但是幾乎全世界都用點頭來表示同意。Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.大多數人也知道搖頭表示不同意或拒絕做某事。

How about showing that I am bored? 如何來表示我很厭煩呢？ Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested.在多數情況下，把眼光從人們身上移開或者打個哈欠，會使我看上去（對此人或此事）不感興趣。However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested.但是如果我轉身并看著某人或某物，幾乎每一個文化背景的人都會認為我（對此人或此事）感興趣。If I roll my eyes and turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.如果我轉動著眼球，把頭扭到一邊，很可能是我不相信或者是不喜歡所聽到的話。

Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher.根據每一種文化，對人們表示尊重都是帶有主觀性的。但是一般來說，擁抱你的老板或老師很可能是不妥當的。In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank.幾乎在每一種文化里，站得離級別更高的人太近都不太好。Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.站得有一定的距離，把手微微張開，會表示我愿意傾聽。

With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language.人們之間的文化差異如此之多，但好在身體語言有一些相似之處。We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!盡管我們常常會彼此誤解，但我們仍能做到彼此理解，這真是件令人驚奇的事！

必修四Unit 5 THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUN主題公園——是娛樂，又不僅僅是娛樂

Which theme park would you like to visit? 你想要參觀哪一個主題公園呢？There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.（世界上）有各種各樣的主題公園，不同的公園有不同的主題，但幾乎囊括了一切：食物、文化、科學、卡通、電影及歷史。Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.有一些主題公園因為有最大或者最長的過山車而聞名，有些則展示了文化中那些著名的聲音和視覺景象。Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!不論你喜歡哪一個，不管你喜歡什么，都會有一個適合你的主題公園！

The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.你最熟悉的主題公園很可能就是迪斯尼樂園吧。It can be found in several parts of the world.世界上好幾個地方都有迪斯尼樂園。It will bring you into a magical wo rld and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character.無論你是在太空遨游，參觀海盜船，還是邂逅你最喜歡的童話故事或者迪斯尼卡通里的人物，迪斯尼會把你帶入一個魔幻的世界，使你的夢想變成現實。As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.當你在游樂園漫步時，你可能會在游行隊伍中或者街上看到白雪公主或米老鼠。Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops.當然，迪斯尼還有很多頗具刺激性的游樂設施，比如巨大的吊船和

可怕的自由落體（設施）。With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.有所有這么多引人入勝的東西，難怪哪里有迪斯尼樂園，哪里的旅游業就會興旺。If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!如果你想盡情娛樂，而且有更多的收獲，那就來迪斯尼樂園吧！

Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world.位于美國東南部美麗的斯莫基山脈中的多萊塢，是世界上最獨特的主題公園之一。Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.多萊塢展示并歡慶美國東南地區的傳統文化。Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main attraction is its culture.盡管這里也有供搭乘的游樂設施，但是公園最具吸引力的還是它的文化。Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres.著名的鄉村音樂樂團全年都會在露天或室內的劇院演出。People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way.美國各地的人們來到這里，是為了觀看木匠或其他工匠們用老式的方法制作木制品、玻璃制品和鐵制品。Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam-engine train still working in the southeast USA.還可以到糖果店品嘗一下糖果，這些糖果和150年前美國南方人制作的一模一樣。或者乘一乘蒸汽火車，這可是在美國東南部依然運轉的唯一一輛蒸汽火車。You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve.你甚至可以在世界上最大的禿鷹保護區欣賞到美麗的禿鷹。And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead.It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space.多萊塢為那些喜歡乘坐搭乘設施的人提供了最好的老式木質過山車之一——雷暴云砧。Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture!它因為在最小的空間內擁有最長的長度而聞名于世。來多萊塢盡情了解所有的美國東南地區的歷史文化吧！

If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.如果你想體驗遠古時代并且感受英國騎士、貴婦、王子和王后的高貴舉止，那么英國的卡默洛特公園對你而言就再適合不過了。Every area of the park is modelled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table.園內所有景區都是按照亞瑟王和圓桌騎士生活的時代復制的。In one place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard.在有的地方，你還能和大魔術師梅林一起觀看魔術表演。If you want to see fighting with swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit.如果你想觀看劍術或馬上格斗，格斗區是一個值得去的好地方。If you do well there, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament.如果你在那表現好的話，亞瑟王可能會挑選你參加大型的格斗聯賽。Do you like animals? 你喜歡動物嗎？Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.那就來農場區參觀吧。在這里你可以了解到古英格蘭人是如何打理他們的農場以及照看他們的動物的。To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!進入古英格蘭的夢幻世界嗎？那就來卡默洛特公園吧！

必修四Unit 5 FUTUROSCOP —EXCITEMENT AND LEARNING―觀測未來‖——刺激與求學

Last week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulled into a black hole.上周我進行了一次深入太空的旅行。我來到了太陽系的盡頭，被拖進了一個黑洞里。Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash in the jungle.然后 48

我游覽了巴西，感受了墜機后在叢林中求生的滋味。After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see strange blind creatures that have never seen sunlight.隨后，我跟著一些潛水者潛入海底觀看從未見過陽光的奇怪的失明的生物。For a break, I took part in some car racing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world.作為間歇，我參加了一個賽車比賽，然后來到世界上最險要的山上滑雪。I ended my travels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived the experience!最后，我面對面地遭遇了一只恐龍——可怕的霸王龍，在死里逃生之后，我的旅行也結束了。

I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope.在―觀測未來‖主題公園，我在一天之內就做完了所有這些事情。Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world.―觀測未來‖于1987年開放，是世界上最大的太空時代主題公園之一。This science and technology-based theme park in France uses the most advanced technology.這個以科技為基礎的法國主題公園使用了最先進的技術。Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screens provide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond.它的立體電影以及那巨大的電影屏幕能為人們提供在地球上以及超越地球的全新體驗。Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system.參觀者可以接觸到他們從來沒有經歷過的世界的角落，比如潛入海底，飛躍叢林，或者參觀太陽系的邊緣地帶。The amazing, up-to-date information together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visitors.這些讓人驚訝的最新的信息加上大量動手實踐學習的機會，讓世界以一種全新的方式展現在游人面前。Learning centres throughout the park let visitors try their own scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea world and much more.遍布公園的學習中心可以讓參觀者嘗試做他們自己的科學實驗，與此同時可以學到更多關于太空旅行、海底世界等的知識。

I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park's entrance, but tickets are also available online.我在公園的入口處給自己和朋友買的票，但是也可以在網上購票。Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.―觀測未來‖主題公園不僅僅適合個人（旅游），也適合學生全班出游，因為它是娛樂和學習的完美結合。Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know their plans in advance can get the group admission rate.班級或者大的團體如果提前讓―觀測未來‖知道他們的計劃，還可以拿到團體入場價格。For anyone coming from out of town, Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearby, most of which provide a shuttle service to the park.―觀測未來‖附近為那些從城外來的游客準備了很多很好的旅館，而且大多數旅館都提供往返公園的車輛服務。If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.如果開車（也很方便），―觀測未來‖就在高速公路附近。Plan your trip well before starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops that it is difficult to see them all.在出發之前好好計劃一下你的旅行，因為―觀測未來‖里面的表演、活動和好的紀念品商店太多了，所有要全部游覽完是很難的。Come ready to walk a lotso expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.約翰·斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫生——他的確醫術精湛，因而成為照料維多利亞女王的私人醫生。But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通百姓時，他就感到很振奮。This was the deadly disease of its day.霍亂在當時是最致命的疾病，Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人們既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治療方法。So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次霍亂暴發時，就有大批驚恐的老百姓死去。John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.約翰·斯諾想面對這個挑戰，解決這個問題。He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道，在找到病源之前，霍亂疫情是無法控制的。

He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯諾對霍亂致人死地的兩種推測都很感興趣。The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims.一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖著，像一股危險的氣體到處漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者為止。The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二種看法是人們在吃飯的時候把這種病毒引入體內的。From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.病從胃里發作而迅速殃及全身，患者就會很快地死去。

John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.斯諾推測第二種說法是正確的，但他需要證據。So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry.因此，在1854年倫敦再次暴發霍亂的時候，約翰·斯諾著手準備對此進行調研。As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information.當霍亂在貧民區迅速蔓延的時候，約翰·斯諾就開始收集資料。In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.他發現特別在兩條街道上霍亂流行的很嚴重，在10天之內就死去了500多人。He was determined to find out why.他決心要查明其原因。

First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.首先，他在一張地圖上標明了所有死者住過的地方。This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.這提供了一條說明霍亂起因的很有價值的線索。Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street(especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40).許多死者是住在寬街的水泵附近（特別是這條街上16、37、38、40號）。He also noticed that some houses(such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street)had had no deaths.他發現有些住宅（如寬街上20號和21號以及劍橋街上的8號和9號）卻無人死亡。He had not foreseen this, so he made further 50

第四篇：高中英語必修四 unit2 課文原文

A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice.In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced.These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.However, he doesn't care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research.He would much rather keep time for his hobbles.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum.Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING?

Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones.Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time.This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile.This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile.They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans.Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop.These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.

第五篇：高中英語必修一module1-6課文原文

Module 1

My First Day at Senior High My Name is Li Kang.I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.It is the capital city of Hebei Province.Today is my first day at Senior High school and I'm writing down my thoughts about it.My new school is very good and I can see why.The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen.The teachers write on the computer, and their words appear on the screen behind them.The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites.They're brilliant!The English class is really interesting.The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.We're using a new textbook and Ms Shen's method of teaching is nothing like that of the teachers at my Junior High school.She thinks that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too.And we have fun.I don't think I will be bored in Ms Shen's class!Today we introduced ourselves to each other.We did this in groups.Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice.Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting.We do this in a fun way, with spelling games and other activities.I like her attitude very much, and the behaviour of the other students shows that they like her, too.There are sixty-five students in my class--more than my previous class in Junior High.Forty-nine of them are girls.In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys, but in this class, everyone is hard-working.For our homework tonight, we have to write a description of the street where we live.I'm looking forward to doing it!

Module 2

My New Teachers They say that first impressions are very important.My first impression of Mrs Li was that she was nervous and shy.I think perhaps she was, as it was her first lesson with us.But now, after two weeks, the class really likes working with her.She's kind and patient, and she explains English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!–She avoids making you feel stupid.I've always hated making mistakes or pronouncing a word incorrectly when I speak English, but Mrs Li just smiles, so that you don't feel completely stupid.I think maybe she goes a bit too slowly for the faster students, but for me it's wonderful.I feel I'm going to make progress with her.I'd guess that Mrs Chen is almost sixty.She's very strict—we don't dare to say a word unless she asks us to.She's also very serious and doesn't smile much.When she asks you to do something, you do it immediately.There are a few students in our class who keep coming to class late but they're always on time for Mrs Chen's lessons.Some of our class don't like her, but most of us really appreciate her because her teaching is so well organised and clear.And a few students even admit liking her.During scientific experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as a result my work is improving.Physics will never be my favourite lesson, but I think that I'll do well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.Mr Wu's only been teaching us for two weeks and he's already very popular.I think this is because he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature—he loves it, in fact.He's got so much energy, this is one class you do not fall asleep in.He's about 28, I think, and is rather good—looking.He talks loudly and fast, and waves his hands about a lot when he gets excited.He's really amusing and tells jokes when he thinks we're getting bored.Even things like compositions and summaries are fun with Mr.Wu.I respect him a lot.Module 3

My First Ride on a Train My name is Alice Thompson.I come from Sydney, Australia and I'm 18 years old.Recently I had my first ride on a long-distance train.And what a ride!A friend and I travelled on the famous Ghan train.We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs, right in the middle of Australia, more than four thousand kilometres away.We spent two days and nights on the train.The train was wonderful and the food was great.We ate great meals cooked by experts!For the first few hundred kilometres of the journey, the scenery was very colourful.There were fields and the soil was dark red.After that, it was desert.The sun shone, there was no wind and there were no clouds in the sky.Suddenly, it looked like a place from another time.We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.The train was comfortable and the people were nice.During the day, I sat and looked out of the window, and sometimes talked to other passengers.I read books and listened to my Chinese cassettes(I'm studying Chinese at school).One night, at about midnight, I watched the night sky for about an hour.The stars shone like diamonds.Why is the train called the Ghan? A long time ago, Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country.They tried riding horses, but the horses didn't like the hot weather and sand.A hundred and fifty years ago, they brought some camels from Afghanistan.Ghan is short for Afghanistan.Camels were much better than horses for travelling a long distance.For many years, trained camels carried food and other supplies, and returned with wool and other products.The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s.Then the government built a new railway line, so they didn't need the camels any more.In 1925, they passed a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if theywere a problem.In 1935, the police in a town shot 153 camels in one day.Module 4

A Lively City(XL—Xiao Lli JM--John Martin)XL：It’s great to see you again, john.JM：It’s great to see you!It’s been six years since we last saw each other,you know.And this is the first time I’ve visited your hometown.XL：Yes ,I’m so glad you could come.JM：You know ,I have seen quite a lot of china and I’ve visited some beautiful cities ,but this is one of the most attractive places I’ve been to.It’s so lively, and everyone seems so friendly.XL：Yes ,it’s one of the most intreresting cities on the coast,everyone says so.I feel very fortunate living here.And I love living by the seaside.JM：You live in the northwest of Xiamen ,is that right?

XL：Yes ,that’s right.JM：What’s the climate like?

XL：Pretty hot and wet in the summer,but it can be quite cold in the winter.JM：Sounds Ok to me.There are a lot of tourists around.Don’t they bother you?

XL：Yes, they can be a nuisance in the summer because there are so many of them.JM：Oh, look at that huge apartement block!

XL：Yes, they’re just completed it.The rent for an apartment there is very high.JM：I believe you!This area’s so modern!

XL：Yes, this is the business district.They’ve put up a lot high-rise buildings recently.And there are some great shopping malls.See,we’re just passing one now.My wife’s just bought a beautiful dress from one of the shops there.JM：Maybe I could buy a few presents there.XL：I’ll take you there tomorrow.Now we’re leaving the business district and approaching the harbour.We’re ehtering the western district, the most intererting part of the city.It’s got some really pretty parks…..JM：It seems lovely.Is that Gulangyu Island,just across the water?

XL：Yes, it is.It’s a gorgeous island with some really intereting architecture.JM：So they tell me.Do you think we could stop and walk aroud for a while ?

XL：Yes, I was just going to do that.We can park over there.A friend’s told me about a nice little fish restaurant near here.Shall we go there for lunch ?

JM：That sounds great.I’m starving!

Module 6

The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and it's accessible through a computer.It consists of millions of pages of data.In 1969, DARPA, a U.S.defence organisation, developed a way for all their computers to “talk” to each ot-her through the telephone.They created a network of computers called DARPANET.For fifteen years, only the U.S.army could use this system of communication.Then in 1984, the U.S.National Science Foundation(NSF)started the NSFNET network.It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.NSFNET became known as the Inter-Network, or “Internet”.The World Wide Web(the web)is a computer network that allows computer users to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.At the moment, about 80 percent of web traffic is in English, but this percentage is going down.By 2020, much web traffic could be in Chinese.The World Wide Web was invented in 1991 by an English scientist, Tim Berners-Lee.Berners-Lee built his first computer while he was at university using an old television!He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone to use the Internet, not just universities and the army.He designed the first “web browser”, which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.From that moment on, the web and the Internet grew.Within five years, the number of Internet users rose from 600 000 to 40 million.The Internet has created thousands of millionaires, but Berners-Lee is not one of them.Everyone in the world can access the Internet using his World Wide Web system.He now works as a lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston.Module 5

A Simple Scientific Experiment Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment.It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water.Aim: To find out iron rusts(a)in dry air;(b)in water that has no air in it(air-free water);(c)in ordinary water.Apparatus：3 clean iron nails；test tubes；test tube holder；cotton wool；oil；Bunsen burner.Iron in dry air Method

Method(1)Half-fill a test tube with water and two or three clean nails.(1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube.(2)Leave the tube for one week.(2)Push some cotton wool down the tube.Result(3)Leave the tube for one week.The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water.Result Conclusion After one week,the nails have not rusted.Iron rusts in ordinary water.Conclusion Iron does not rust in dry air.Iron in ordinary water Iron in air-free water Method

(1)Half-fill a test tube with water.(2)Boil the water for three minutes.(This makes

sure there is no air in the water.)

(3)Put two or three clean nails in the water.(4)Add some oil to the water.This will keep air out of the water.(5)Leave the tube for one week.Result The nails do not rust in the tube with air-free water.Conclusion Iron does not rust in air-free water.