第一篇：人教版高中英語必修1～4課文原文

Book1 Unit 1 Friendship

ANNE'S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said, “I don't want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15th june.1944 Dear kitty.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have keep me spellbound.That’s changed since I was here.?For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven In order to have a good look at the moon by myself.But as the moon gave far too much light.I didn’t dare open a window.Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face?.?Sadly? I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours.Anne Book1 Unit 2 English around the world

THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes.I'd like to come up to your apartment.So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.Book1 Unit 3 Travel Journal-Reading

JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG PART1 THE DREAM AND THE PLAN My name is Wang Kun.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college in Kunming.They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too.After graduating from college, we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.I asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Now she is planning our schedule tor the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.She can be really stubborn.Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.Now I know that the proper way is always her way.I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet.Of course she hadn't;my sister doesn't care about details.So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province.She gave me a determined lookthe monkey, too.So Daisy was not able to make her new drug.But what an experience!She had learned so much!And there was always WWF? Book2 Unit 5 Music

THE BAND THAT WASN'T Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan? To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.But just how do people form a band? Many musicians meet and form a band because they like to write and play their own music.They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires!However, there was one band that started in a different way.It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough.They had to use actors for the other three members of the band.As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.So during the broadcasts they just pretended to sing.Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other groups.They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians.However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.Then they produced their own records and started touring and playing their own music.In the USA they became even more popular than the Beatles and sold even more records.The band broke up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid-1980s.They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band Book3 unit1

Festivals and celebrations Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times.Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather,planting in spring and harvest in autumn.Sometimes celebratewould be held after hunters had caught animals.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious,some seasonal, and some for special people or events.Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors,who might return either to help or to do harm For the Japanese festival.Obon,people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth.In Mexico,people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November.On this impoutant feast day,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with”bones”on them.They offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead.The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.It is now a children’s festival,when they can dress up and to to their neighbours’homes to ask for sweets.Ifthe neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might play a trick on them.Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people.The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet,Qu Yuan.In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World.India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi,the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.In European countries,people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit,and will get together to have meals.Some people might win awards for their farm produce,like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals,when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.At the Spring Festival in China,people eat dumplings,fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper.There are dragon dances and carnivals,and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together.Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals,which take place forty days before Easter,usually in February.These carnivals might include parades,dancing in the streets day and night,loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds.Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians aroud the world.It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later.The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as thought it is covered with pink snow.People love to get together to eat , drink and have fun with each other.Festivals let us enjoy life,be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while Book3 UNIT2

COME AND EAT HERE(1)Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.It had been a very strange morning.Usually he got up early and prepared his menu of barbecued mutton kebabs, roast pork, stir-flied vegetables and fried rice.Then by lunchtime they would all be sold.By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.But not today!Why was that? What could have happened? He thought of his mutton, beef and bacon cooked in the hottest, finest oil.His cola was sugary and cold, and his ice cream was made of milk, cream and delicious fruit.“Nothing could be better,” he thought.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang hurrying by.“Hello, Lao Li,” he called.“Your usual?” But Li Chang seemed not to hear.What was the matter? Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did.Wang Peng followed Li Chang into a new small restaurant.He saw a sign in the window.Tired of all that fat? Want to lose weight? Come inside Yong Hui’s slimming restaurant.Only slimming foods served here.Make yourself thin again!Curiosity drove Wang Peng inside.It was full of people.The hostess, a very thin lady, came forward.“Welcome,” she said.“My name is Yong Hui.I'll help you lose weight and be fit in two weeks if you eat here every day.” Then she gave a menu to Wang Peng.There were few choices of food and drink on it: just rice, raw vegetables served in vinegar, fruit and water.Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices.It cost more than a good meal in his restaurant!He could not believe his eyes.He threw down the menu and hurried outside.On his way home he thought about his own menu.Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the library and find out.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!He had better do some research!At the library Wang Peng was surprised to find that his restaurant served far too much fat and Yong Hui’s far too little.Even though her customers might get thin after eating Yong Hui’s food, they were not eating enough energy-giving food to keep them fit.They would become tired very quickly.Wang Peng felt more hopeful as he drove back home.Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he could win his customers back.So he wrote: Want to feel fit and energetic? Come and eat here!Discounts today!Our food gives you energy all day!The competition between the two restaurants was on!Book3 Unit 3

THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE Act I, Scene 3 NARRATOR: It is the summer of 1903.Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet.Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.His brother Roderick doubts it.At this moment, they see a penniless young man wandering on the pavement outside their house.It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.RODERICK: Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? HENRY: Who? Me, sir? RODERICK: Yes, you.OLIVER: Through the front door on your left.HENRY:(A servant opens a door)Thanks.SERVANT: Good morning, sir.Would you please come in? Permit me to lead the way, sir.OLIVER:(Henry enters)Thank you, James.That will be all.RODERICK: How do you do, Mr...er...? HENRY: Adams.Henry Adams.OLIVER: Come and sit down, Mr Adams.HENRY: Thank you.RODERICK: You're an American? HENRY: That's right, from San Francisco.RODERICK: How well do you know London? HENRY: Not at all, it's my first trip here.RODERICK: I wonder, Mr Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.HENRY: Not at all.Go right ahead.RODERICK: May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are? HENRY: Well, I can't say that I have any plans.I'm hoping to find work.As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.OLIVER: How is that possible? HENRY: Well, you see, back home I had my own boat.About a month ago, I was sailing out of the bay...(his eyes stare at what is left of the brother's dinner on table)OLIVER: Well, go on.HENRY: Oh, yes.Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.It was all my fault.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning.The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.OLIVER: And it was the ship that brought you to England.HENRY: Yes.The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.I went to the American embassy to seek help, but...(The brothers smile at each other.)RODERICK: Well, you mustn't worry about that.It's an advantage.HENRY: I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir.RODERICK: Tell us, Mr Adams, what sort of work did you do in America? HENRY: I worked for a mining company.Could you offer me some kind of work here? RODERICK: Patience, Mr Adams.If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? HENRY: Well, to be honest, I have none.OLIVER:(happily)What luck!Brother, what luck!(claps his hands together)HENRY: Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me!On the contrary, in fact.If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don't think it's very funny.(Henry stands up to leave)Now if you'll excuse me, I think I'll be on my way.RODERICK: Please don't go, Mr Adams~ You mustn't think we don't care about you.Oliver, give him the letter.OLIVER: Yes, the letter.(gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift)The letter.HENRY:(taking it carefully)For me? RODERICK: For you.(Henry starts to open it)Oh, no, you mustn't open it.Not yet.You can't open it until two o'clock.HENRY: Oh, this is silly.RODERICK: Not silly.There's money in it.(calls to the servant)James? HENRY: Oh, no.I don't want your charity.I just want an honest job.RODERICK: We know you're hard-working.That's why we've given you the letter.James, show Mr Adams out.OLIVER: Good luck, Mr Adams.HENRY: Well, why don't you explain what this is all about? RODERICK: You'll soon know.(looks at the clock)In exactly an hour and a half.SERVANT: This way, sir.RODERICK: Mr Adams, not until 2 o'clock.Promise? HENRY: Promise.Goodbye THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE Act I, Scene 4(Outside a restaurant Henry looks at the envelope without opening it and decides to go in.He sits down at a table next to the front window.)OWNER:(seeing Henry's poor appearance)That one's reserved.This way, please.(to the waiter)Take this gentleman's order, Horace.HENRY:(after sitting down and putting the letter on the table)I'd like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak.Make it extra thick.I'd also like a cup of coffee and a pineapple dessert.WAITER: Right, sir.I'm afraid it'll cost a large amount of money.HENRY: I understand.And I'll have a large glass of beer.WAITER: OK.(The waiter leaves and soon returns with all the food.)HOSTESS: My goodness!Why, look at him.He eats like a wolf.OWNER: We'll see if he's clever as a wolf, eh? HENRY:(having just finished every bit of food)Ah, waiter.(waiter returns)Same thing again, please.Oh, and another beer.WAITER: Again? Everything? HENRY: Yes, that's right.(sees the look on the waiter's face)Anything wrong? WAITER: No, not at all.(to the owner)He's asked for more of the same.OWNER: Well, it is well-known that Americans like to eat a lot.Well, we'll have to take a chance.Go ahead and let him have it.WAITER:(reading the bill after the meal)All right.That's two orders of ham and eggs, two extra thick steaks, two large glasses of beer, two cups of coffee and two desserts.HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall)Would you mind waiting just a few minutes? WAITER:(in a rude manner)What's there to wait for? OWNER: All right, Horace.I'll take care of this.HENRY:(to owner)That was a wonderful meal.It's amazing how much pleasure you get out of tile simple things in life, especially if you can't have them for a while.OWNER: Yes, very interesting.Now perhaps, sir, if you pay your bill I can help the other customers.HENRY:(looking at the clock on the wall again)Well, I see it's two o'clock.(he opens the envelope and holds a million pound bank note in his hands.Henry is surprised but the owner and waiter are shocked)I'm very sorry.But...I...I don't have anything smaller.OWNER:(still shocked and nervous)Well..er...just one moment.Maggie, look!(the hostess screams, the other customers look at her and she puts a hand to her mouth)Do you think it's genuine? HOSTESS: Oh, dear, I don't know.I simply don't know.OWNER: Well, I did hear that the Bank of England had issued two notes in this amount...Anyway, I don't think it can be a fake.People would pay too much attention to a bank note of this amount.No thief would want that to happen.HOSTESS: But he's in rags!OWNER: Perhaps he's a very strange, rich man.(as if he has discovered something for the first time)Why, yes!That must be it!HOSTESS:(hits her husband's arm)And you put him in the back of the restaurant!Go and see him at once.OWNER:(to Henry)I'm so sorry, sir, so sorry, but I cannot change this bank note.HENRY: But it's all I have on me.OWNER: Oh, please, don't worry, sir.Doesn't matter at all.We're so very glad that you even entered our little eating place.Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like.HENRY: Well, that's very kind of you.OWNER: Kind, sir? No, it's kind of you.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.Just having you sit here is a great honour!As for the bill, sir, please forget it.HENRY: Forget it? Well...thank you very much.That's very nice of you.OWNER: Oh, it's for us to thank you, sir and I do, sir, from the bottom of my heart.(The owner, hostess and waiter all bow as Henry leaves.)Book3 Unit 4

HOW LIFE BEGAN ON THE EARTH No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.However, according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.After that, atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust.What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce carbon, nitrogen, water vapour and other gases, which were to make the earth's atmosphere.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but, unlike the earth, it had disappeared later.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.Next, green plants began to grow on land.They were followed in time by land animals.Some were insects.Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water.Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time.They produced young enerally by laying eggs.After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed.They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.However, 65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended.Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth.These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.But they are not looking after the earth very well.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.A VISIT TO THE MOON Last month I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping, an astronomer.We visited the moon in our spaceship!Before we left, Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.Then we were off.As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth's gravity.It was so hard that we could not say anything to each other.Gradually the weight lessened and I was able to talk to him.“Why is the spaceship not falling back to the earth? On the earth if I fall from a tree I will fall to the ground.” I asked.“We are too far from the earth now to feel its pull,” he explained, “so we feel as if there is no gravity at all.When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth's.” I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.When we got there, I wanted to explore immediately.“Come on,” I said.“If you are right, my mass will be less than on the earth because the moon is smaller and I will be able to move more freely.I might even grow taller if I stay here long enough.I shall certainly weigh less!” I laughed and climbed down the steps from the spaceship.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.“Oh dear,” I cried, “walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.Leaving the moon's gravity was not as painful as leaving the earth's.But returning to the earth was very frightening.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth's gravity increased.Again we were pushed hard into our seats as we came back to land.“That was very exhausting but very exciting too,” I said.“Now I know much more about gravity!Do you think we could visit some stars next time?” “Of course,” he smiled, “which star would you like to go to?” Book3 Unit 5 A TRIP ON “THE TRUE NORTH”

Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada to visit their cousins in Montreal on the Atlantic coast.Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada.The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.Their friend, Danny Lin, was waiting at the airport.He was going to take them and their baggage to catch “The True North”, the cross-Canada train.On the way to the station, he chatted about their trip.“You're going to see some great scenery.Going eastward, you'll pass mountains and thousands of lakes and forests, as well as wide rivers and large cities.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days, but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.Here in Vancouver, you're in Canada's warmest part.People say it is Canada's most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canada's most popular cities to live in.Its population is increasing rapidly.The coast north of Vancouver has some of the oldest and most beautiful forests in the world.It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.” That afternoon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats.Earlier that day, when they crossed the Rocky Mountains, they managed to catch sight of some mountain goats and even a grizzly bear and an eagle.Their next stop was Calgary, which is famous for the Calgary Stampede.Cowboys from all over the world come to compete in the Stampede.Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.After two days' travel, the girls began to realize that Canada is quite empty.At school, they had learned that most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border, and Canada's population is only slightly over thirty million, but now they were amazed to see such an empty country.They went through a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of acres.After dinner, they were back in an urban area, the busy port city of Thunder Bay at the top of the Great Lakes.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.Because of the Great Lakes, they learned, Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world.In fact, it has one-third of the world's total fresh water, and much of it is in the Great Lakes.That night as they slept, the train rushed across the top of Lake Superior, through the great forests and southward towards Toronto.“THE TURE NORTH”FROM TORONTO TO MONTREAL

The next morning the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that fall had arrived in Canada.Around noon they arrived in Toronto, the biggest and most wealthy city in Canada.They were not leaving for Montreal until later, so they went on a tour of the city.They went up the tall CN Tower and looked across the lake.In the distance, they could see the misty cloud that rose from the great Niagara Falls, which is on the south side of the lake.The water flows into the Niagara River and over the falls on its way to the sea.They saw the covered stadium, home of several famous basketball teams.As they walked north from the harbour area, Li Daiyu said, “Lin Fei, one of my mother's old schoolmates, lives here.I should phone her from a telephone booth.” They met Lin Fei around dusk in downtown Chinatown, one of the three in Toronto.Over dinner at a restaurant called The Pink Pearl, the cousins chatted with Lin Fei, who had moved to Canada many years earlier.“We can get good Cantonese food here,” Lin Fei told them, “because most of the Chinese people here come from South China, especially Hong Kong.It's too bad you can't go as far as Ottawa, Canada's capital.It's approximately four hundred kilometres northeast of Toronto, so it would take too long.” The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal at dawn the next morning.At the station, people everywhere were speaking French.There were signs and ads in French, but some of them had English words in smaller letters.“We don't leave until this evening,” said Liu Qian.“Let's go downtown.Old Montreal is close to the water.” They spent the afternoon in lovely shops and visiting artists in their workplaces beside the water.As they sat in a buffet restaurant looking over the broad St Lawrence River, a young man sat down with them.“Hello, my name is Henri.I'm a student at the university nearby,” he said, “and I was wondering where you are from.” The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that they had only one day in Montreal.“That's too bad,” he said.“Montreal is a city with wonderful restaurants and clubs.Most of us speak both English and French, but the city has French culture and traditions.We love good coffee, good bread and good music.” That night as the train was speeding along the St Lawrence River toward the Gulf of St Lawrence and down to the distant east coast, the cousins dreamed of French restaurants and red maple leaves.Book4 Unit1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE

It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.Then we follow as they wander into the forest.Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.However, this was not easy.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.She is leading a busy life but she says: “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.It's terrible.It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?” And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.Once you have seen that you can never forget...“ She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.Book4 Unit2

A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice.In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced.These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.However, he doesn't care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research.He would much rather keep time for his hobbles.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum.Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.Book4 Unit3

A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR As Victor Hugo once said, ”Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face", and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.Not that Charlie's own life was easy!He was born in a poor family in 1889.His parents were both poor music hall performers.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain.Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England.He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.No one was ever bored watching him-his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films.He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.He walked around stilly carrying a walking stick.This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush.It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California.Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success.Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat.They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti.Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment.The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in.In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977.He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.Book4 Unit4

COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM? Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university's student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students.They were coming to study at Beijing University.We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen.After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised.Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student.Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George's moving hand.They both apologizednot all members of a culture behave in the same way.In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!Book4 Unit5 THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUN Which theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.It can be found in several parts of the world.It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character.As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops.With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world.Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main attraction is its culture.Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres.People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way.Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam-engine train still working in the southeast USA.You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve.And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller coasters, Thunderhead.It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space.Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture!If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.Every area of the park is modelled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table.In one place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard.If you want to see fighting with swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit.If you do well there, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament.Do you like animals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!

第二篇：人教版高中英語必修4課文原文Unit1--5

必修4 Unit 1

A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE

It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off.Then we follow as they wander into the forest.Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.However, the evening makes it all worthwhile.We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night.We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour.She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.However, this was not easy.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.She is leading a busy life but she says: “Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories.It's terrible.It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?” And then I think about small chimps in cages 1 though they have done nothing wrong.Once you have seen that you can never forget...“

She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women.WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China.By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases.She lived from 1901 to 1983.It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles.One of them caught my eye.It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies.She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness.Why did she write that? Who were the women that Lin Qiaozhi thought needed this advice? I looked carefully at the text and realized that it was intended for women in the countryside.Perhaps if they had an emergency they could not reach a doctor.Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.That was a generation when girls' education was always placed second to boys'.Was she so much cleverer than anyone else? Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients.There was story after story of how Lin Qiaozhi, tired after a day's work, went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family who could not pay her.By now I could not wait to find out more about her.I discovered that Lin Qiaozhi had devoted her whole life to her patients and had chosen not to have a family of her own.Instead she made sure that about 50,000 babies were safely delivered.By this time I was very excited.Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and carry on her good work? It was still not too late for me to improve my studies, prepare for the university entrance examinations, and….必修4 Unit 2

A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE

Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.Now more than 60% of the rice produced in China each year is from this hybrid strain.Born into a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.At that time, hunger was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice.In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred million tons of rice was produced.These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world's people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other less developed countries to increase their rice harvests.Thanks to his research, the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger.Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life.However, he doesn't care about being famous.He feels it gives him less freedom to do his research.He would much rather keep time for his hobbles.He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more rather than fewer troubles.He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.Long ago Dr yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum.Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice 3 that could feed more people.Now, many years later, Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.One dream is not always enough, especially for a person who loves and cares for his people.CHEMICAL OR ORGANIC FARMING? Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming.Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to stop crop disease and increase production.Recently, however, scientists have been finding that long-term use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and, even more dangerous, to people's health.What are some of the problems caused by chemical fertilizers? First, they damage the land by killing the helpful bacteria and pests as well as the harmful ones.Chemicals also stay in the ground and underground water for a long time.This affects crops and, therefore, animals and humans, since chemicals get inside the crops and cannot just be washed off.These chemicals in the food supply build up in people's bodies over time.Many of these chemicals can lead to cancer or other illnesses.In addition, fruit, vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow too fast to be full of much nutrition.They may look beautiful, but inside there is usually more water than vitamins and minerals.With these discoveries, some farmers and many customers are beginning to turn to organic farming.Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.A healthy soil reduces disease and helps crops grow strong and healthy.Organic farmers, therefore, often prefer using natural waste from animals as fertilizer.They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and so more fertile.This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.Organic farmers also use many other methods to keep the soil fertile.They often change the kind of crop in each field every few years, for example, growing corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans.Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil, making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.Organic farmers also plant crops to use different levels of soil, for example, planting peanuts that use the ground's surface followed by vegetables that put down deep roots.Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil, and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year's crop.These many different organic farming methods have the same goal: to grow good food and avoid damaging the environment or people's health.必修4 Unit 3

A MASTER OF NONVERBAL HUMOUR

As Victor Hugo once said, ”Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face“, and up to now nobody has been able to do this better than Charlie Chaplin.He brightened the lives of Americans and British through two world wars and the hard years in between.He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, so they could feel more content with their lives.Not that Charlie's own life was easy!He was born in a poor family in 1889.His parents were both poor music hall performers.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk.Such training was common in acting families at this time, especially when the family income was often uncertain.Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse off, so Charlie spent his childhood looking after his sick mother and his brother.By his teens, Charlie had, through his humour, become one of the most popular child actors in England.He could mime and act the fool doing ordinary everyday tasks.No one was ever bored watching him-his subtle acting made everything entertaining.As time went by, he began making films.He grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became known throughout the world.The tramp, a poor, homeless man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.He walked around stilly carrying a walking stick.This character was a social failure but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all difficulties.He was the underdog who was kind even when others were unkind to him.How did the little tramp make a sad situation entertaining? Here is an example from one of his most famous films, The Gold Rush.It is the mid-nineteenth century and gold has just been discovered in California.Like so many others, the little tramp and his friend have rushed there in search of gold, but without success.Instead they are hiding in a small hut on the edge of a mountain during a snowstorm with nothing to eat.They are so hungry that they try boiling a pair of leather shoes for their dinner.Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were 5 spaghetti.Then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe as if it were the finest steak.Finally he tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe.He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment.The acting is so convincing that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he has ever tasted!

Charlie Chaplin wrote, directed and produced the films he starred in.In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his outstanding work in films.He lived in England and the USA but spent his last years in Switzerland, where he was buried in 1977.He is loved and remembered as a great actor who could inspire people with great confidence.ENGLISH JOKES 1 There are thousands of jokes which use ”play on words“ to amuse us.One person asks a question which expects a particular reply.Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny.Now read some of these customer and waiter jokes.Can you match the joke with the explanation?

C: What's that fly doing in my soup?

W: Swimming, I think!2

C: What's that?

W: It's bean soup.C: I don't want to know what it's been.I want to know what it is now.3

C: Waiter, will the pancakes be long?

W: No, sir.Round.2

Some jokes are longer and tell a short, funny story.The following is one of those jokes about the famous detective Sherlock Holmes and his friend Doctor Watson.Read it and decide which of these two kinds of jokes you like better.Give your reasons.Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area.They were lying in the open air under the stars.Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered, ”Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of?“ Watson replied, ”I think of how short life is and how long the universe has lasted.“ ”No, no, Watson!“ Holmes said.”What do you really think of?.“ Watson tried again.”I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is.“ ”Try again, Watson!“ said Holmes.Watson tried a third time.”I think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds.“ Holmes said, ”Watson, you fool!You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent!“

必修4 Unit 4

COMMUNICATION: NO PROBLEM?

Yesterday, another student and I, representing our university's student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year's international students.They were coming to study at Beijing University.We would take them first to their dormitories and then to the student canteen.After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.I stood for a minute watching them and then went to greet them.The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.After I met them and then introduced them to each other, I was very surprised.Tony approached Julia, touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence.I guessed that there was probably a major misunderstanding.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in smiling, together with George Cook from Canada.As they were introduced, George reached his hand out to the Japanese student.Just at that moment, however, Akira bowed so his nose touched George's moving hand.They both apologizednot all members of a culture behave in the same way.In general, though, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!

SHOWING OUR FEELINGS

Body language is one of the most powerful means of communication, often even more powerful than spoken language.People around the world show all kinds of feelings, wishes and attitudes that they might never speak aloud.It is possible to ”read“ others around us, even if they do not intend for us to catch their unspoken communication.Of course, body language can be misread, but many gestures and actions are universal.The most universal facial expression is, of course, the smile – its function is to show happiness and put people at ease.It does not always mean that we are truly happy, however.Smiles around the world can be false, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.There are unhappy smiles, such as when someone ”loses face" and smiles to hide it.However, the general purpose of smiling is to show good feelings.From the time we are babies, we show unhappiness or anger by frowning.In most places around the world, frowning and turning one's back to someone shows anger.Making a fist and shaking it almost always means that someone is angry and threatening another person.There are many ways around the world to show agreement, but nodding the head up and down is used for agreement, almost worldwide.Most people also understand that shaking the head from side to side means disagreement or refusal.How about showing that I am bored? Looking away from people or yawning will, in most cases, make me appear to be uninterested.However, if I turn toward and look at someone or something, people from almost every culture will think that I am interested.If I roll my eyes and turn my head away, I most likely do not believe what I am hearing or do not like it.Being respectful to people is subjective, based on each culture, but in general it is probably not a good idea to give a hug to a boss or teacher.In almost every culture, it is not usually good to stand too close to someone of a higher rank.Standing at a little distance with open hands will show that I am willing to listen.With so many cultural differences between people, it is great to have some similarities in body language.We can often be wrong about each other, so it is an amazing thing that we understand each other as well as we do!

必修4 Unit 5 THEME PARKS — FUN AND MORE THAN FUN

Which theme park would you like to visit? There are various kinds of theme parks, with a different park for almost everything: food, culture, science, cartoons, movies or history.Some parks are famous for having the biggest or longest roller coasters, others for showing the famous sights and sounds of a culture.Whichever and whatever you like, there is a theme park for you!

The theme park you are probably most familiar with is Disneyland.It can be found in several parts of the world.It will bring you into a magical world and make your dreams come true, whether traveling through space, visiting a pirate ship or meeting your favourite fairy tale or Disney cartoon character.As you wander around the fantasy amusement park, you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.Of course Disneyland also has many exciting rides, from giant swinging ships to terrifying free-fall drops.With all these attractions, no wonder tourism is increasing wherever there is a Disneyland.If you want to have fun and more than fun, come to Disneyland!

Dollywood, in the beautiful Smoky Mountains in the southeastern USA, is one of the most unique theme parks in the world.Dollywood shows and celebrates America's traditional southeastern culture.Although Dollywood has rides, the park's main attraction is its culture.Famous country music groups perform there all year in indoor and outdoor theatres.People come from all over America to see carpenters and other craftsmen make wood, glass and iron objects in the old-fashioned way.Visit the candy shop to try the same kind of candy that American southerners made 150 years ago, or take a ride on the only steam-engine train still working in the southeast USA.You can even see beautiful bald eagles in the world's largest bald eagle preserve.And for those who like rides, Dollywood has one of the best old wooden roller 9 coasters, Thunderhead.It is world-famous for having the most length in the smallest space.Come to Dollywood to have fun learning all about America's historical southeastern culture!

If you want to experience the ancient days and great deeds of English knights and ladies, princes and queens, then England's Camelot Park is the place for you.Every area of the park is modelled after life in the days of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table.In one place, you can watch magic shows with Merlin the Wizard.If you want to see fighting with swords or on horseback, then the jousting area is a good place to visit.If you do well there, King Arthur may choose you to fight in the big jousting tournament.Do you like animals? Then visit the farm area, and learn how people in ancient England ran their farms and took care of their animals.To enter a world of fantasy about ancient England, come to Camelot Park!

FUTUROSCOP —EXCITEMENT AND LEARNING

Last week I took a journey deep into space, to the end of the solar system, and was pulled into a black hole.Then I took a trip to Brazil and experienced surviving an airplane crash in the jungle.After that, I joined some divers and went to the bottom of the ocean to see strange blind creatures that have never seen sunlight.For a break, I took part in some car racing and then skied down some of the most difficult mountains in the world.I ended my travels by meeting face to face with a dinosaur, the terrible T-Rex, and survived the experience!

I did all this in one great day at Futuroscope.Opened in 1987, Futuroscope is one of the largest space-age parks in the world.This science and technology-based theme park in France uses the most advanced technology.Its 3-D cinemas and giant movie screens provide brand new experiences of the earth and beyond.Visitors can get close to parts of the world they have never experienced, going to the bottom of the ocean, flying through the jungle or visiting the edges of the solar system.The amazing, up-to-date information together with many opportunities for hands-on learning makes the world come to life in a completely new way for visitors.Learning centres throughout the park let visitors try their own scientific experiments, as well as learn more about space travel, the undersea world and much mote.I bought tickets for myself and my friends at the park's entrance, but tickets are also available online.Futuroscope is not only for individuals, but is also the perfect mix of fun and learning for class outings.Classes or other large groups that let Futuroscope know their plans in advance can get the group admission rate.For anyone coming from out of town, Futuroscope has many excellent hotels nearby, most of which provide a shuttle service to the park.If driving, Futuroscope is within easy reach of the freeway.Plan your trip well before starting, since Futuroscope has so many shows, activities and great souvenir shops that it is difficult to see them all.Come ready to walk a lot-be sure to wear some comfortable sneakers or other walking shoes!

第三篇：高中英語必修2課文及原文

高中英語必修2（人教版）

Unit1 Cultural relics IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.In fact, the room was not made to be a gift.It was designed for the palace of Frederick I.However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William I, to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great.In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.Later, Catherine II had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.She told her artists to add more details to it.In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold.Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing.In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg.This was a time when the two countries were at war.Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself.In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace.By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one.In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city.A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No.A fact is anything that can be proved.For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.This is a fact.Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved.So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial.For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”.It may be true, but it is difficult to prove.Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works.He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions.This kind of information is called evidence.第一單元

文化遺產(chǎn) 閱讀一 尋找琥珀

普魯士國(guó)王腓特烈·威廉一世從未想過他送個(gè)普魯士人民偉大的禮物會(huì)有一點(diǎn)如此驚奇的歷史。這個(gè)禮物是因?yàn)橛蓭讎嶇曛瞥啥溺晡荨＿@些被挑選的琥珀都有著像蜂蜜一樣漂亮的黃棕色。這間屋的設(shè)計(jì)是當(dāng)時(shí)最流行的奇特的風(fēng) 格。這同樣是一件花了當(dāng)時(shí)最好的藝術(shù)家大約十年用黃金和珠寶修飾制成的寶物。

事實(shí)上，這間屋不是制來當(dāng)禮物的。這是為腓特烈一世的領(lǐng)土而設(shè)計(jì)的。然而，普魯士下一任國(guó)王同樣是琥珀屋的擁有者，腓特烈威廉一世決定不保留琥珀屋。在1716年他把琥珀屋送給了彼得大帝。作為報(bào)答，沙皇給了腓特烈一隊(duì)他最好的士兵。因此琥珀屋成為了沙皇避寒圣地圣彼得堡的一部分。琥珀屋作為一個(gè)大概四米長(zhǎng)的只為重要訪客的小接待處。

后來，葉卡捷琳娜二世把琥珀屋在圣彼得堡之外的一個(gè)她避暑的地方。她讓她的藝術(shù)家加了跟多的細(xì)節(jié)在里面。在1770年琥珀屋完全成了她想要的樣子。接近600只蠟燭在屋內(nèi)燃燒著，把鏡子和圖畫都照得像金子一樣。令人傷心的，雖然被譽(yù)為是世界奇跡之一的琥珀屋現(xiàn)在丟失了。

在1941年9月，納粹軍隊(duì)在圣彼得堡附近。這正是兩個(gè)國(guó)家在交戰(zhàn)的時(shí)候。在納粹去到避暑地方之前，俄國(guó)人民能夠從琥珀屋里搬走一些家具和小的藝術(shù)品。然而，一些納粹神秘的偷走了琥珀屋。至少兩天內(nèi)100000多片琥珀被放進(jìn)27個(gè)木箱里。這些箱子無疑會(huì)被放進(jìn)一艘去往當(dāng)時(shí)德軍駐扎的菠蘿的海的哥尼斯堡的船上。之后，琥珀屋發(fā)生了神馬仍然是個(gè)迷。

最近，俄國(guó)和德國(guó)人民在避暑的地方制造了一座新的琥珀屋。通過研究之前的琥珀屋的照片，他們制造了一座新的琥珀屋像舊的那座一樣。在2003年它被圣彼得堡的人民用來慶祝這座城市的300歲生日。閱讀二

一個(gè)事實(shí)還是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)

神馬是事實(shí)？是一些人們相信的東西嗎？不！事實(shí)是可以被證明的任何事。例如，可以證明中國(guó)人口比世界上任何其他國(guó)家的人口都要多。這是一個(gè)事實(shí)。那么神馬是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)？一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是人們相信那是真的但還沒有被證明的。所以一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)在一個(gè)審判中不是一個(gè)好的證據(jù)。例如，如果你說“貓是比狗好的寵物”這會(huì)是一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。這可能是真的，不過很難去證明。一些人可能不同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)不過他們也不能去證明他們是對(duì)的。

在一場(chǎng)審批中，一個(gè)審判官一定要去決定相信哪個(gè)目擊者哪個(gè)目擊者不應(yīng)該相信。這個(gè)審判官不會(huì)去考慮每個(gè)目擊者的長(zhǎng)相或人們?cè)谀睦锞幼』蚬ぷ鳌Ｋ?她 只關(guān)心目擊者是否會(huì)提供真是的信息，信息一定是事實(shí)而不是觀點(diǎn)。這類的信息被稱為證據(jù)。

Unit 2 The Olympic Games

AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.P: My name is Pausanias.I lived in what you call “Ancient Greece” and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.I’ve come to your time to find out about the present-day Olympic Games because I know that in 2004 they were held in my homeland.May I ask you some questions about the modern Olympics? L: Good heavens!Have you really come from so long ago? But of course you can ask any questions you like.What would you like to know? P: How often do you hold your Games? L: Every four years.There are two main sets of Games-the Winter and Summer Olympics, and both are held every four years on a regular basis.The Winter Olympics are usually held two years before the Summer Games.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors.They may come from anywhere in the world.P: Winter Games? How can the runners enjoy competing in winter? And what about the horses? L: Oh no!There are no running races or horse riding events.Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice.That’s why they’re called the Winter Olympics.It’s in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports.P: I see.Earlier you said that athletes are invited from all over the world.Do you mean the Greek world? Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for the honour of winning.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women!L: Nowadays any country can take part if their athletes are good enough.There are over 250 sports and each on has its own standard.Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, team sports and …

P: Please wait a minute!All those events, all those countries and even women taking part!Where are all the athletes housed? L: For each Olympics, a special village is built for them to live in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well.P: That sounds very expensive.Does anyone want to host the Olympic Games? L: As a matter of fact, every country wants the opportunity.It’s a great responsibility but also a great honour to be chosen.There’s as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.The 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing, China.Did you know that? P: Oh yes!You must be very proud.L: Certainly.And after that the 2012 Olympics will be held in London.They have already started planning for it.A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built to the east of London.New medals will be designed of course and …

P: Did you say medals? So even the olive wreath has been replaced!Oh dear!Do you compete for prize money too? L: No, we don’t.it’s still all about being able to run faster, jump higher and throw further.That’s the motto of the Olympics, you know-“Swifter, Higher and Stronger.”

P: Well, that’s good news.How interesting!Thank you so much for your time.第二單元

奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì) 閱讀一 一個(gè)采訪

大約2000年前的一個(gè)希臘作者帕薩尼亞斯(P)，在2007年3月18日踏上了一段魔幻的旅程去查明關(guān)于現(xiàn)代的奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。他正在采訪一個(gè)2008年奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)志愿者李巖(L)。P:我是帕薩尼亞斯。我住在你們所說的“古希臘”而且在很久之前我常常寫以一些關(guān)于奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的事情。我來到你的時(shí)代是為了解關(guān)于現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)因?yàn)槲抑?004年奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)會(huì)在我家鄉(xiāng)舉辦。我可以問你一些關(guān)于現(xiàn)代奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的問題么？ L:真是極為愉快的事!你真的來自那么久遠(yuǎn)的時(shí)代么？不過當(dāng)然你可以問你想問的問題。你想知道神馬？

P:你們多久會(huì)舉辦一次運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)？

L:四年一次。有兩種主要的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)形式--冬季和夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)，并且在一個(gè)有規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上他們都是四年舉辦一次的。冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)一般會(huì)在夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)前兩年舉辦。只有達(dá)到該項(xiàng)目既定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的運(yùn)動(dòng)員才會(huì)被容許成為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者。他們可以來自世界各地。P:冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)？田徑運(yùn)動(dòng)員如何在冬季享受比賽？還有馬術(shù)又怎樣？

L:哦不!冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)沒有賽跑和騎馬的項(xiàng)目。反而會(huì)有一些像滑雪和溜冰這些需要雪和冰的項(xiàng)目。這就是為神馬他成為冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)。只有在夏季奧運(yùn)會(huì)會(huì)有你說賽跑，同時(shí)還有游泳，帆船運(yùn)動(dòng)和所有團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)。

P:我懂了。之前你說那些運(yùn)動(dòng)員都被邀請(qǐng)來自世界各地。你了解希臘世界么？我們希臘城過去互相競(jìng)賽只為勝利的榮譽(yù)。沒有其他的地區(qū)可以參加，奴隸和婦女也不可以。L:現(xiàn)在只要他們的運(yùn)動(dòng)員夠好的話任何國(guó)家都可以參加。有超過250種項(xiàng)目并且每一種都有它自己的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。婦女不僅允許參加比賽，并且她們?cè)隗w操比賽，競(jìng)技比賽，團(tuán)隊(duì)比賽和其他各種比賽中都扮演著重要的角色。

P:麻煩稍等一下！所有的這些項(xiàng)目，所有的國(guó)民甚至婦女都可以參加！那么這些運(yùn)動(dòng)員們居住在哪里？

L:在每一場(chǎng)奧運(yùn)會(huì)前，一座特別的村莊會(huì)被建來給他們居住，還有一座主要的接待建筑，幾個(gè)用來比賽的體育場(chǎng)和一座體育館等

P:那聽起來很貴。有哪個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)想要舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)么？

L:事實(shí)上，每個(gè)國(guó)家都想要這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。這是一個(gè)很大的責(zé)任同樣是一個(gè)很大的榮譽(yù)如果被挑選到。在國(guó)家之間有很多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)去為舉辦奧運(yùn)會(huì)就像去贏得奧林匹克獎(jiǎng)牌一樣。2008年的奧運(yùn)會(huì)將會(huì)在北京舉行。這你知道么？ P:哦是的！你一定非常自豪。

L:當(dāng)然。之后的2012年奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在倫敦舉行。他們?cè)缇烷_始為這個(gè)做準(zhǔn)備了。一座讓運(yùn)動(dòng)員居住的村莊和所有的運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)將會(huì)被建在東倫敦。當(dāng)然新的獎(jiǎng)牌會(huì)被設(shè)計(jì)......P:你是說獎(jiǎng)牌么？所以甚至是橄欖花圈也已經(jīng)被取代了！哦親愛的！你們比賽也為了獎(jiǎng)金么？

L:不我們不。現(xiàn)在仍然想要跑得更快跳的更高扔得更遠(yuǎn)。正如你知道的奧運(yùn)會(huì)的格言-“更快更高更強(qiáng)”。

P:好吧，那是個(gè)好消息。多么有趣啊！耽擱你的時(shí)間，謝謝了。

THE STORY OF ATLANTA Atlanta was a Greek princess.She was very beautiful and could run faster than any man in Greece.But she was not allowed to run and win glory for herself in the Olympic Games.She was so angry that she said to her father that she would not marry anyone who could not run faster than her.Her father said that she must marry, so Atlanta made a bargain with him.She said to him, “These are my rules.When a man says he wants to marry me, I will run against him.If he cannot run as fast as me, he will be killed.No one will be pardoned.” Many kings and princes wanted to marry Atlanta, but when they heard of her rules they knew it was hopeless.So many of them sadly went home, but others stayed to run the race.There was a man called Hippomenes who was amazed when he heard of Atlanta's rules, “Why are these men so foolish?” he thought.“Why will they let themselves be killed because they cannot run as fast as this princess?” However, when he saw Atlanta come out of her house to run, Hippomenes changed his mind.“I will marry Atlantaor die!” So the race began.閱讀二

亞特蘭大的故事

亞特蘭大是一個(gè)希臘公主。她很漂亮并且可以跑得比希臘的任何一個(gè)男人都快。不過她不被允許在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上跑步去為她自己贏得榮譽(yù)。她很生氣因此她跟她父親說她不會(huì)嫁任何跑不過她的男人。她父親說她必須要嫁，所以亞特蘭大與她父親定下一個(gè)條件。她對(duì)她父親說，“這是我的原則。如果有男人說想要嫁我，我會(huì)跟她賽跑。如果他跑不贏我，他會(huì)被殺。沒有人能被例外。”

很多國(guó)王和王子想要娶亞特蘭大，不過當(dāng)他們聽到這個(gè)規(guī)定的時(shí)候他們就知道自己沒希望了。所以他們當(dāng)中的很多人都傷心地回家了，不過其他的人都留著去賽跑。一個(gè)叫做希波墨涅斯的男人聽到亞特蘭大的消息后感到非常驚奇，他想“為神馬這些男的都這么愚蠢呢？”“為神馬他們會(huì)因?yàn)榕懿贿^這個(gè)公主而讓自己被殺呢？”然而，當(dāng)他看到亞特蘭大從她的房子出來跑步的時(shí)候，希波墨涅斯改變了他的心意。他說，“我會(huì)娶亞特蘭大或者死！” 賽跑開始的時(shí)候雖然男人們都跑得很快，但是亞特蘭大總是會(huì)更快。希波墨涅斯邊看邊想，“我要怎樣才能贏過亞特蘭大呢？”他去向希臘的愛神求助。愛神答應(yīng)幫他并給了他三個(gè)金蘋果。她說，“在亞特蘭大跑過你的時(shí)候扔一個(gè)在亞特蘭大面前。當(dāng)亞特蘭大停下來去撿蘋果的時(shí)候，你就可以跑過她并贏得比賽。”希波墨涅斯拿著蘋果并跑去找國(guó)王。他說，“我想娶亞特蘭大。”國(guó)王傷心地看著又一個(gè)男人要死，不過希波墨涅斯說，“我會(huì)娶她或者死！”然后賽跑開始了。

Unit 3 Computers

WHO AM I? Over time I have been changed quite a lot.I began as a calculating machine in France in 1642.Although I was young I could simplify difficult sums.I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage.After I was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes, I could “think” logically and produce an answer quicker than any person.At that time it was considered a technological revolution and the start of my “artificial intelligence”.In 1936 my real father, Alan Turing, wrote a book about how I could be made to work as a “universal machine” to solve any difficult mathematical problem.From then on, I grew rapidly both in size and in brainpower.By the 1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow any larger.However, this reality also worried my designers.As time went by, I was made smaller.First as a PC(personal computer)and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.These changes only became possible as my memory improved.First it was stored in tubes, then on transistors and later on very small chips.As a result I totally changed my shape.As I have grown older I have also grown smaller.Over time my memory has developed so much that, like an elephant, I never forget anything I have been told!And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it!But I was always so lonely standing there by myself, until in the early 1960s they gave me a family connected by a network.I was able to share my knowledge with others through the World Wide Web.Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.I have become very important in communication, finance and trade.I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.I have even been put into space rockets and sent to explore the Moon and Mars.Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality.I am now truly filled with happiness that I am a devoted friend and helper of the human race!第三單元

電腦 閱讀一 我是誰

隨著時(shí)間的推移我被改變了很多。在1642年的法國(guó)，我是作為一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)器而開始的。雖然我很年輕我可以簡(jiǎn)化一些計(jì)算題。在我被Charles Babbage改造成分析機(jī)器之前我很慢的發(fā)展了接近兩百年。之后我被一個(gè)操作員用帶洞的卡調(diào)制成了可以合邏輯地思考并且比任何人都快地得出一些問題的答案。那是一個(gè)被成為技術(shù)改革的時(shí)候并且開始了我的人造智能。在1936年我真正的父親Alan Turing寫了一本關(guān)于我如何像普遍的機(jī)器一樣去解決任何困難的數(shù)學(xué)問題的書。從那起，我在體積和智能方面快速的發(fā)展。在1940年我變得像一個(gè)房間一樣大，并且我想知道我是否還能變得更大。然而，事實(shí)也在困擾著我的設(shè)計(jì)者。隨著時(shí)間的推移，我被制的更小。首先是個(gè)人電腦再到后來的手提電腦，在1970年我已經(jīng)開始被用在辦公室和家里。

這些變化只因?yàn)槲矣洃浟Φ脑鰪?qiáng)。開始記憶被存放于電子管里，然后是晶體管和后來更小的晶片。因此我改變了我的整個(gè)外型。隨著我慢慢變老我也慢慢的變小。隨著時(shí)間推移我的記憶力發(fā)展的那么快，像頭大象，我不會(huì)忘記任何我曾被告知的東西！而且我的記憶力變得如此的大以至于我都不敢相信!不過我總是自己那么孤單的站在那里，直到1960年他們通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)給了我一個(gè)家庭關(guān)系。我能夠通過萬維網(wǎng)和其他的電腦分享我的知識(shí)。

從1970年起很多新的應(yīng)用為我而被發(fā)明。我在交流，金融和貿(mào)易方面變得重要。我同樣被放進(jìn)遙控裝置中被用來制造移動(dòng)電話也幫助醫(yī)學(xué)手術(shù)。我已經(jīng)被放進(jìn)太空火箭并被送去探測(cè)月亮和火星。即使如此，我的目的是為人們提供高質(zhì)量的生活。我現(xiàn)在充滿快樂應(yīng)為我成為了人類種族中的一個(gè)忠心的朋友和幫助者。

ANDY – THE ANDROID I’m part of an android football team.About once a year we are allowed to get together to play a game of football.I’m as big as a human.In fact, I look like one too.On the football team I’m a striker so I have to be able to run very fast.My computer chips help me to move and think like a human.For example, I have learned to signal to my teammates in computer language to give me the ball when I am open and have a good shot for a goal.My first football competition was in Nagoya, Japan several years ago.Last year our team went to Seattle, Washington in the USA.We won second place.Personally, I think the team that won first place cheated.They had developed a new type of program just before the competition.So we need to encourage our programmer to improve our intelligence too.We are determined to create an even better system.In a way our programmer is like our coach.She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.Then she prepares reliable moves to use if a new situation arises.In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”.I could like to play against a human team, for I have been programmed to act just like them.After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, using my intelligence is what I’m all about!

機(jī)器人-Andy 我是一個(gè)機(jī)器人球隊(duì)的一份子。我們被允許在一齊踢足球大約一年了。我像一個(gè)人類一樣高大。事實(shí)上，我長(zhǎng)得也像人類。在球隊(duì)里我是前鋒因此我要跑得非常快。我的電腦芯片幫助我移動(dòng)并且像人類一樣思考。例如，我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了當(dāng)我要開動(dòng)去射一個(gè)好球的時(shí)候用電腦語言向我的隊(duì)友發(fā)信號(hào)讓他們把球傳給我。我的第一場(chǎng)足球比賽是在幾年前在日本的名古屋。去年我們球隊(duì)去了美國(guó)華盛頓和西雅圖。我們勝利的第二個(gè)地方。就我個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，我認(rèn)為我們球隊(duì)第一次贏的地方是作弊的。他們已經(jīng)在比賽之前一種新的程序類型。所以我們也要促進(jìn)我們的程序去提高我們的智能。我們決心要去一種甚至更好的標(biāo)志。一定程度上說我們的程序就像我們的教練。她訓(xùn)練我們所有在人類比賽中她能看到的所有可能的動(dòng)作。如果一種新情況出現(xiàn)她會(huì)準(zhǔn)備可靠的動(dòng)作去運(yùn)用。用這種方式我可以用我的“人造只能”去制造新的動(dòng)作。我能夠被編程成像人類一樣的表現(xiàn)我就可以真的與一隊(duì)人類球隊(duì)去比賽。畢竟，在我不會(huì)忘掉任何東西的電子腦袋的幫助下，我的所有就是用我的智能！Unit 4 Wildlife protection

HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WLDLIFE Daisy had always longed to help endangered species of wildlife.One day she woke up and found a flying carpet by her bed.“Where do you want to go?” it asked.Daisy responded immediately.“I'd like to see some endangered wildlife,” she said.“Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.” At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet.There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad.It said, “We're being killed for the wool beneath our stomachs.Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you.As a result, we are now an endangered species.” At that Daisy cried, “I'm sorry I didn't know that.I wonder what is being done to help you.Flying carpet, please show me a place where there's some wildlife protection.” The flying carpet travelled so fast that next minute they were in Zimbabwe.Daisy turned around and found that she was being watched by an elephant.“Have you come to take my photo?” it asked.In relief Daisy burst into laughter.“Don't laugh,” said the elephant, ”We used to be an endangered species.Farmers hunted us without mercy.They said we destroyed their farms, and money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.So the government decided to help.They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.Now the farmers are happy and our numbers are increasing.So good things are being done here to save local wildlife.“ Daisy smiled.”That's good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.“ The carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest.A monkey watched them as it rubbed itself.”What are you doing?“ asked Daisy.” I’m protecting myself from mosquitoes,” it replied.“When I find a millipede insect, I rub it over my body.It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.No rainforest, no animals, no drugs.” Daisy was amazed.“Flying carpet, please take me home so I can tell WWF and we can begin producing this new drug.Monkey, please come and help.” The monkey agreed.The carpet flew home.As they landed, things began to disappear.Two minutes later everything had gone-the monkey, too.So Daisy was not able to make her new drug.But what an experience!She had learned so much!And there was always WWF? 第四單元 閱讀一

Daisy如何學(xué)習(xí)去幫助野生動(dòng)物

Daisy常常渴望去幫助瀕臨滅絕的種類的野生動(dòng)物。一天她醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)正在飛行的飛毯在她包里。“你想去哪里？”它問。Daisy立刻回答它。“我想去看那些瀕臨滅絕的動(dòng)物，”她說。“請(qǐng)帶我去那個(gè)我可以找到供給皮毛去制造這件毛衣的動(dòng)物的一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的地方。”飛毯立刻帶她飛去了西藏。在那里Daisy看到了一支看起來很傷心的羚羊。它說，“我們被殺是為了我們肚子下的毛。我們的皮毛被人類用來制造像你這樣的毛衣。因此，現(xiàn)在我們是一種瀕臨滅絕的種類。”然后Daisy哭喊著，“我很抱歉我不知道那些。我想知道神馬可以被做來幫助你們。飛毯，請(qǐng)帶我去一個(gè)有一些野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)區(qū)的地方。”

飛毯飛得如此的快以至于他們下一分鐘就在Zimbabwe。Daisy轉(zhuǎn)來轉(zhuǎn)去然后發(fā)現(xiàn)她被一頭大象盯著。“你過來跟我照相了么？”它問。Daisy松了口氣突然笑起來。“不要笑，”大象說，“我們?cè)?jīng)是瀕臨滅絕的品種。農(nóng)民好不仁慈地獵殺我們。他們說我們破壞了他們的天地，和來自那些只游覽大工廠的游客的錢。所以政府決定去幫助。他們?cè)试S游客給錢農(nóng)民然后可以去獵殺確定數(shù)量的動(dòng)物。現(xiàn)在農(nóng)民很高興而且我們的數(shù)量在增加。所以好事情正被做于營(yíng)救當(dāng)?shù)氐囊吧鷦?dòng)物。”

Daisy微笑了。“那是個(gè)好消息。它展示了野生動(dòng)物保護(hù)的重要性，不過我喜歡去幫助像WWF這樣的建議。”飛毯再次升起然后幾乎同一時(shí)間他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)陰霾的熱帶雨林。一支猴子看著他們就像它摩擦它自己。“你在干神馬？”Daisy問。“我在保護(hù)自己不受蚊子的傷害，”它回答。“當(dāng)我找到一只千足蟲昆蟲，我會(huì)在我身上摩擦它。它包涵了一種強(qiáng)大的可以影響蚊子的藥物。你應(yīng)該更加注 意那些我居住的熱帶雨林并好好鑒賞動(dòng)物們?nèi)绾尉幼≡谝积R。沒有雨林，沒有動(dòng)物，沒有藥物。”

Daisy很驚訝。“飛毯，請(qǐng)帶我回家這樣我可以聯(lián)系WWF并開始保護(hù)這種新的藥物。猴子，請(qǐng)過來幫忙。”那猴子同意了。飛毯飛回家了。當(dāng)他們降落時(shí)，事物開始消失了。兩分鐘后所有東西都消失了-那只猴子也是。所以Daisy不能去制造她的新藥物。不過如此的一段經(jīng)歷！她已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了那么多！還有那里的WWF......ANIMAL EXTINCTION Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.The most famous of these animals are dinosaurs.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of them used to live in China.The eggs of twenty-five species have been found in Xixia, County, Nanyang, Henan Province.Not long ago a rare new species of bird-like dinosaur was discovered in Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province.When scientists inspected the bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.Some scientists think it came after an unexpected incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.We know many other wild plants, animals, insects and birds have died out more recently.According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.The dodo is one of them.It lived on the Island of Mauritius and was a very friendly animal.Please listen to a story of the dodo and how it disappeared from the earth.Unit 5 Music

THE BAND THAT WASN'T Have you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician? Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music? Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan? To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.But just how do people form a band? Many musicians meet and form a band because they like to write and play their own music.They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practicing their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.Sometimes they may play to passers-by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires!However, there was one band that started in a different way.It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough.They had to use actors for the other three members of the band.As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had to rely on other musicians to help them.So during the broadcasts they just pretended to sing.Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other groups.They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians.However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.Then they produced their own records and started touring and playing their own music.In the USA they became even more popular than the Beatles and sold even more records.The band broke up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid-1980s.They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.并非樂隊(duì)的樂隊(duì)

你曾經(jīng)想過要成為一個(gè)樂隊(duì)里有名的歌手或音樂家嗎？你是否曾夢(mèng)想過在音樂會(huì)上面對(duì)成千上萬的觀眾演唱，觀眾欣賞你的歌唱為你鼓掌嗎？你唱卡拉OK時(shí)是否假裝自己就是像宋祖英或劉歡一樣著名的歌星嗎？說實(shí)在的，很多人把名和利看得很重。那么，人們又是怎樣一起組成樂隊(duì)的呢？

許多音樂家聚在一起組成樂隊(duì)，是因?yàn)樗麄兿矚g自己作曲，演奏自己的音樂。他們開始可能是一組中學(xué)生，在某個(gè)人家里排練音樂是成名的第一步。有時(shí)他們可能在街上或地鐵里為過路人演奏，這樣他們可以為自己或自己要買的樂器多掙一些錢。后來，他們可能在酒吧或者俱樂部里演出，這樣他們可以得到現(xiàn)金。當(dāng)然，他們希望在錄音棚里錄音，然后賣掉上百萬張碟，從而成為百萬富翁。

然而，也有一個(gè)用不同方式組建起來的樂隊(duì)。這支樂隊(duì)叫“門基樂隊(duì)”，它開始時(shí)是以電視節(jié)目表演的形式出現(xiàn)的。組成樂隊(duì)的音樂人演奏音樂，還彼此打趣都笑。這些玩笑和音樂大多都在模仿“甲殼蟲”樂隊(duì)。電視制作人原計(jì)劃想尋找四位會(huì)唱又會(huì)表演的樂手。他們?cè)趫?bào)紙上登了一則廣告，想招搖滾樂手，但他們只招到一個(gè)滿意的。樂隊(duì)的其他三人只能用演員來代替。

因?yàn)檫@些演員中有些人唱得不是很好，他們不得不依靠隊(duì)里的其他人幫助。所以在演出的時(shí)候他們只是假唱。不管怎樣，他們的表演非常幽默以至于其他的樂隊(duì)也開始模仿。他們非常走紅使得歌迷們?yōu)榱烁邮煜に麄兌闪⒘司銟凡俊ｉT基樂隊(duì)每個(gè)星期都要在電視上演唱由別的音樂家創(chuàng)作的歌曲。然而，經(jīng)過大約一年以后，門基樂隊(duì)逐漸對(duì)自己的工作認(rèn)真起來，他們開始像一支真正的樂隊(duì)那樣演唱自己創(chuàng)作的歌曲。然后他們錄制自己的唱片，并且開始巡回表演他們自己的音樂。在美國(guó)，他們甚至比“甲殼蟲”樂隊(duì)還要受歡迎，出售的錄音專輯還要多。“門基樂隊(duì)”大約在1970年左右解散，但是令人高興的是，到80年代中期他們?cè)俅尉凼住Ｔ?996年，他們推出了一張新的專輯，像真正的樂隊(duì)一樣以此來慶祝他們以往的時(shí)光。

FREDDY THE FROG(II)Not long after Freddy and the band became famous, they visited Britain on a brief tour.Fans showed their devotion by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.Freddy was now quite confident when he went into a concert hall.He enjoyed singing and all the congratulations afterwards!His most exciting invitation was to perform on a programme called “Top of the Pops.”He had to go to London, wear an expensive suit and give a performance to a TV camera.It felt very strange.But as soon as the programme was over, the telephones which were in the same room started ringing.Everybody was asking when they could see Freddy and his band again.They were truly stars.Then things went wrong.Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.Even when they wore sunglasses or beards people recognized them.Fans found them even when they went into the toilet.They tried to hide in the reading rooms of libraries, but it was useless.Someone was always there!Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band to which they were never to return, and went back to the lake.

第四篇：人教版高中英語課文原文和翻譯-必修1

必修1 第一單元 Reading 閱讀

ANNE’S BEST FRIEND

Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.安妮最好的朋友

你想不想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友？或者你會(huì)不會(huì)擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮?弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，所以她把的日記視為自己最好的朋友。

Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II.Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered.During that time the only true friend was her diary.She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，安妮住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則就會(huì)被德國(guó)的納粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在那段時(shí)期，她的日記成了她唯一忠實(shí)的朋友。她說：“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把我的日記當(dāng)作自己的朋友，我把我的這個(gè)朋友叫做基蒂。”現(xiàn)在，來看看安妮自1942年7月起躲進(jìn)藏身處后的那種心情吧。[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)]

Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.That’s changed since I was here.?For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window.Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open.I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut.The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power;it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face…

?Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.Yours, Anne 1944年6月15日，星期四

親愛的基蒂：

我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲姨脽o法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里之后，這一切都變了。[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K] ??比如說，有一天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意熬到晚上11點(diǎn)半都不睡覺，為的就是能獨(dú)自好好地看看月亮。但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓亮耍叶疾桓掖蜷_窗戶。還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的，我一直呆到非關(guān)窗不可的時(shí)候才下樓去。漆黑的雨夜，刮著大風(fēng)，電閃雷鳴，烏云滾滾，我完全被這種景象鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半以來第一次親眼目睹的夜晚??

??不幸的是??我只能透過那滿是灰塵的窗簾下那臟兮兮的窗戶看看大自然。只能隔著窗戶看那大自然實(shí)在沒意思，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇切枰嬲w驗(yàn)的東西。你的安妮

Using Language 語言運(yùn)用

Reading and listening

讀與聽

[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)] 1 Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say.After listening, check and discuss her advice.Dear Miss Wang, I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment.I’m getting along well with a boy in my class.We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other.We have become really good friends.But other students have started gossiping.They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.This has made me angry.I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping.What should I do? Yours, Lisa 1 讀讀琳達(dá)為青少年寫給電臺(tái)王小組的這封信，然后王小姐可能會(huì)怎么說。聽完錄音之后，核對(duì)并討論她的建議。親愛的王小姐：

現(xiàn)在我同班上的同學(xué)有些麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位男同學(xué)一直相處的很好。我們常常一起做家庭作業(yè)，而且很樂意互相幫助。我們成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同學(xué)卻在背后議論起來，他們說我和這位男同學(xué)在談戀愛，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是，我又討厭人家背后說閑話。我該怎么辦呢？[來源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)] 你的莉薩

Reading and writing

讀與寫

Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong.He is also asking for some advice.Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.王小姐收到小冬的一封來信。小冬是要征求一些意見。仔細(xì)閱讀右邊的信，然后幫王小姐回復(fù)。

Dear Miss Wang, I’m a student from Huzhou Senior High School.I have a problem.I’m not very good at communicating with people.Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them.So I feel quite lonely sometimes.I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how.I would be grateful if you could give me some advice.Yours, Xiaodong 親愛的王小姐：

我是湖州高中的一名學(xué)生，我有一個(gè)難題，我不大善于與人們交際。雖然我試著和班上的同學(xué)交談，但是，我還是很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時(shí)候我感到十分的孤獨(dú)。我確實(shí)想改變這種現(xiàn)狀，但是我卻不知道怎么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會(huì)非常感謝的。你的小東 Decide which are the best ideas and put them into an order.Then write down your advice and explain how it will help.Each idea can make one paragraph.The following sample and the expressions may help you Dear Xiaodong, I’m sorry you are having trouble in making friends.However, the situation is easy to change if you follow my advice.Here are some tips to help you.First, why not…? If you do this,…

Secondly, you could / can … Then / That way, …

Thirdly, it would be a good idea if … By doing this, …

I hope you will find these ideas useful.Yours Miss Wang 2 決定哪些是最好并把它們按順序組織起來。然后把你的建議寫出來，并解釋它為什么會(huì)有所幫助。每個(gè)想法可以自成一個(gè)段落。下面的例子和表達(dá)可能對(duì)你有所幫助。親愛的小冬：

很遺憾聽說你在交朋友的過程中遇到了困難。但是，如果你聽聽我的建議，這種情況是很容易改變的。這些建議會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助。第一，為什么不??呢？ 如果你這樣做??

第二，你可以?? 這樣的話??

第三，如果??那將是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的主意。通過做??

我希望你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些想法對(duì)你有所幫助。你的王小姐

LEARNING TIP 學(xué)習(xí)建議

It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary.It can help you remember past events.You can express your feelings and thoughts in it.It will help you improve your English if you write your diary in English.Why not have a try?

寫日記對(duì)你來說是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。它可以幫你記住一些過去發(fā)生的事件。你還可以在日記中表達(dá)你的情感和思想。如果你用英語寫日記的話，還可以幫助你提高英語水平。為什么不試一試呢？

[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK]

第二單元

Reading 閱讀

THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before.通向現(xiàn)代英語之路

在16世紀(jì)末，大約有五至七百萬人講英語。幾乎所有這些講英語的人都住在英格蘭。在其后的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中，英格蘭人為征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，結(jié)果世界的其他地方的人們也開始說英語了。今天，把英語作為自己的第一語言、第二語言或外語來使用的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多。

Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes, I’d like to come up to your apartment.以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講不是同一種英語，他們也能彼此聽懂。請(qǐng)看看這個(gè)例子： 英國(guó)人貝蒂：來看看我的公寓嗎？

美國(guó)人艾米：好的，我來看看你的公寓吧。

So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoken first Danish and later French.These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.那么，隨著時(shí)間的推移英語為什么發(fā)生了變化呢？實(shí)際上，當(dāng)不同文化相互交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展和變化。開始，英格蘭人在大約公元450年到1150年之間所說的英語與我們今天所說的英語很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多的是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，不像我們現(xiàn)在說的英語。后來，大約在公元800年至1150年之間，英語慢慢變得不那么像德語，因?yàn)榻y(tǒng)治英格蘭的那些人開始是說丹麥語，后來說法語。這些新來的定居者豐富了英語語言，尤其是豐富了英語詞匯。所以到17世紀(jì)初的時(shí)候，莎士比亞能夠得以使用比以往任何時(shí)候都豐富的詞匯。1620年一些英國(guó)定居者來到了美洲，后來到了18世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，一些英國(guó)人還被帶到了澳大利亞。英語也就開始在這兩個(gè)國(guó)家使用。

Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language.The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling.最后到19世紀(jì)的時(shí)候，英語這種語言就變得穩(wěn)定了。當(dāng)時(shí)，英語的拼寫發(fā)生了兩個(gè)很大的變化：先是塞繆爾?約翰遜編寫了他的英語詞典，后是諾亞?韋伯斯特出版了《美國(guó)英語詞典》。后者使得美式英語的拼寫有了其獨(dú)特的個(gè)性。

English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example, India has a very large number of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell.現(xiàn)在英語在南亞地區(qū)也被作為外語或第二語言使用。比如，印度就有很多人說英語說得很流利，因?yàn)樵?765年到1947年之間英國(guó)統(tǒng)治著印度。在此期間，英語成了印度政府和教育所用的語言。在新加坡和馬來西亞以及像非洲的南非，人們現(xiàn)在也說英語。當(dāng)今，在中國(guó)學(xué)英語的人數(shù)正在快速增加，事實(shí)上，中國(guó)可能是學(xué)英語人數(shù)最多的國(guó)家。中國(guó)式英語是否也能發(fā)展成一種具有自己獨(dú)特個(gè)性的語言？這還有待時(shí)間去證明。

Using Language 語言運(yùn)用

STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English.This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK] When people use words and expressions different form “standard language”, it is called a dialect.American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently.American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)Z#X#X#K] Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect.When Americans moved form one place to another, they took their dialects with them.So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語？是在英國(guó)、美國(guó)、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的英語嗎？信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機(jī)里所說的英語就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語，這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。然而，在電視和收音機(jī)里，你也會(huì)聽出人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。

當(dāng)人們使用不同于“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言”的詞語和表達(dá)時(shí)，那就叫做方言。美國(guó)英語有許多方言，特別是中西部地區(qū)和南部地區(qū)的方言，以及美國(guó)黑人和西班牙人的方言。即使在美國(guó)有些地區(qū)，兩個(gè)相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的人所說的方言也可能稍有不同。美國(guó)英語之所以有這么多的方言是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人是來自世界各地的緣故。

地理位置對(duì)方言的形成也有所影響。住在美國(guó)東部山區(qū)的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去了。因此，美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人同美國(guó)西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。美國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)，有著許許多多彼此不同的方言。雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬家，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e和理解彼此的方言。

Reading and speaking 讀與說

Amy and her American friends are visiting London.They plan to visit Amy’s aunt and decide to go there by underground, but cannot find the nearest underground station.So she asks directions and then tells her friends.Read the dialogue and circle the words that mean the same.1 艾米和她的美國(guó)朋友正在參觀倫敦。她們計(jì)劃去拜訪艾米的姑媽，并決定乘地鐵去，但是她們找不到最近的地鐵站。所以她問問了路，然后告訴她的朋友。讀對(duì)話，然后圈出意思相同的詞。

AMY: Excuse me, Ma’ma.Could you tell me where the nearest subways is?

LADY: Er...the underground? Well, go round the corner on your left-hand side, straight on and cross two streets.It’ll be on your right-hand side.AMY: Thanks so much.FRIENDS: What did she say, Amy? AMY: She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.The subway will be on our right.艾米：對(duì)不起，夫人，你能告訴我去最近的地鐵站怎么走嗎？[來源:學(xué)科網(wǎng)ZXXK] 夫人：呃??地鐵？哦，往左邊拐過去，一直往前走，走過兩條街，地鐵就是右邊。艾米：多謝了。

朋友：艾米，她說什么？

艾米：她叫我們往左邊拐過去，一直往前走，走過兩條街，地鐵就是右邊。【意思相同的詞】

subway←→underground（地鐵）right-hand side←→right（右邊）street←→block 街道，街區(qū)

第三單元

Travel journal JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG PART 1 THE DREAM AND THE PLAN

My name is Wang Kun.Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.Two years ago she bought an expensive mountain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.Last year, she visited our cousins, Dao Wei and Yu Hang at their college in Kunming.They are Dai and grew up in western Yunnan Province near the Lancang River, the Chinese part of the river that is called the Mekong River in other countries.Wang Wei soon got them interested in cycling too.After graduating from college.we finally got the chance to take a bike trip.I asked my sister, “Where are we going?” It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends.Now she is planning our schedule for the trip.I am fond of my sister but she has one serious shortcoming.She can be really stubborn.Although she didn't know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.Now, I know that the proper way is always her way.I kept asking her, “When are we leaving and when are we coming back?” I asked her whether she had looked at a map yet.Of course, she hadn't;my sister doesn't care about details.So I told her that the source of the Mekong is in Qinghai Province.She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5,000 metres, she seemed to be excited about it.When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold, she said it would be an interesting experience.I know my sister well.Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.Finally, I had to give in.Several months before our trip,Wang Wei and I went to the library.We found a large atlas with good maps that showed details of world geography.From the atlas we could see that the Mekong River begins in a glacier on a Tibetan mountain.At first the river is small and the water is clear and cold.Then it begins to move quickly.It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province.Sometimes the river becomes a waterfall and enters wide valleys.We were both surprised to learn that half of the river is in China.After it leaves China and the high altitude,the Mekong becomes wide，brown and warm.As it enters Southeast Asia, its pace slows.It makes wide bends or meanders through low valleys to the plains where rice grows.At last, the river delta enters the South China Sea.[來源:Zxxk.Com]

沿湄公河而下的旅行

第一部分 夢(mèng)想與計(jì)劃

我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐和我就一直夢(mèng)想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛價(jià)錢昂貴的山地自行車，然后她還說服我也買了一輛。去年她去看望了我們的表兄弟—在昆明讀大學(xué)的刀偉和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長(zhǎng)大，湄公河在中國(guó)境內(nèi)的這一段叫瀾滄江，流經(jīng)其他國(guó)家后就叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對(duì)騎車旅行產(chǎn)生了興趣。到大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，我們終于有了作一次騎車旅行的機(jī)會(huì)。我問姐姐：“我們要去哪里？”首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車旅行的是我的姐姐。現(xiàn)在，她正為這次旅行制訂計(jì)劃。

我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)，她有時(shí)確實(shí)很固執(zhí)。盡管她對(duì)到某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要把這次旅行安排的盡善盡美。現(xiàn)在我知道了這個(gè)盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我老是問她：“我們什么時(shí)候動(dòng)身？什么時(shí)候回來？”我問她是否已經(jīng)看過地圖。當(dāng)然她并沒有看過，我的姐姐是不會(huì)考慮細(xì)節(jié)的。于是我告訴她湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神—這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。當(dāng)我告訴她我們的旅行將從5000多米的的高地出發(fā)時(shí)，她似乎顯得很興奮。當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸會(huì)很困難，而且天氣會(huì)很冷時(shí)，她卻說這將是一次很有趣的經(jīng)歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，就什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。

在我們旅行前的幾個(gè)月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我們找到了一本大型的地圖冊(cè)，里面有一些世界地理的明細(xì)圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，河很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動(dòng)。它穿過深谷時(shí)就變成了急流。流經(jīng)云南西部。有時(shí)，這條河形成瀑布進(jìn)入寬闊的峽谷。我們驚奇的發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國(guó)境內(nèi)。當(dāng)流出中國(guó)，流出高地后，湄公河就變寬，變暖了。河水也變成了黃褐色。而當(dāng)它進(jìn)入東南亞以后，流速減慢，河水變寬慢慢地穿過低谷，到了長(zhǎng)著稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國(guó)南海。

Reading and discussing

JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG [來源:學(xué),科,網(wǎng)] PART 2 A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS

Although it was autumn, the snow was already beginning to fall in Tibet.Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice.Have you ever seen snowmen ride bicycles? That's what we looked like!Along the way children dressed in long wool coats stopped to look at us.In the late afternoon we found it was so cold that our water bottles froze.However,the lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful.Wang Wei rode in front of me as usual.She is very reliable and I knew I did't need to encourage her.To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us,we were surprised by the view.We seemed to be able to see for miles.At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds.Then we began going down the hills.It was great fun especially as it gradually became much warmer.In the valleys colourful butterflies flew around us and we saw many yaks and sheep eating green grass.At this point we had to change our caps,coats,gloves and trousers for T-shirts and shorts.In the early evening we always stop to make camp.We put up our tent and then we eat.After supper Wang Wei put her head down on her pillow and went to sleep but I stayed awake.At midnight the sky became clearer and the stars grew brighter.It was so quiet.There was almost no wind-only the flames of our fire for company.As I lay beneath the stars I thought about how far we had already travelled.We will reach Dali in Yunnan Province soon,where our cousins Dao Wei and Yu Hang will join us.We can hardly wait to see them!

Unit 4 Earthquakes

Reading

A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN'T SLEEP

Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervois to eat.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3:00 am on july 28,1976,some people saw bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.but the one million people of the city,who thiught little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.At 3:42 am everything began to shake.It seemed as if the world was at an end!Eleven kilometres directly below the city the greatest earthquake of the 20th century had begun.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometres away.One-third of the nation felt it.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Steam burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dir.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.The suffering of the people was extreme.Two-thirds of them died or were left without parents.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.But how could the survivors believe it was natural?Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.All of the city's hospitals,75%of its factories and buildings and 90% of its homes were gone.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.No wind,however,could blow them away.Two dams fell and most of the bridges also fell or were not safe for travelling.The railway tracks were now useless pieces of steel.Tens of thousands of cows would never give milk again.Half a million oigs and millions of chickens were dead.Sand now filled the wells instead of water.People were shocked.Then,later that afternoon,another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.More buildings fell down.Water,food,and electricity were hard to get.people begab to wonder how long the disaster would last.All hope was not lost.Soon after the quakes,the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help the rescue workers.Hundreds of thousands of people were helped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.To the north of the city,most of the 10,000 miners were rescued from the coal mines there.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Fresh water was taken to the city bu train,truck and plane.Slowly,the city began to breathe again.Office of the City Government Tangshan,Hebei

China

July5,2007

Dear____，Congratulations!We are pleased to tell you that you have won the high school speaking competition about new Tangshan.Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!

Next month the city will open a new park to honour those who died in the terrible disaster.The park will also honour those who helped the survivors.Our office would like to have you speak to the park vistors on July 28 at 11:00 am.As you know,this is the day the quake happened thirty-____years ago.We invite you to bring your family and friends on that special day.Sincerely，Zhang Sha

Unit 5

ELIAS’ STORY

My name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old.It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice.He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful.I needed his help because I had very little education.I began school at six.The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.I could not read or write well.After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.He told my how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.I became more hopeful about my future.I never forgot how kind Mandela was.When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could.He said:

“The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.”

It was the truth.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.They could not get the jobs they wanted.The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa.No one could grow food there.In fact as Nelson Mandela said:

“?we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.We chose to attack the laws.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful;when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.As a matter of fact, I do not like violence…but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.THE REST OF ELIAS' STORY

You cannot imagine how the name of Robben Island made us afraid.It was a prison from which no one escaped.There I spent the hardest time of my life.But when I got there Nelsom Mandela was also there and he helped me.Mr Mandela began a school for those of us who had little learning.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.We read books under our blankets and used anything we could find to make candles to see the words.I became a good student.I wanted to study for my degree but I was not allowed to do that.Later, Mr Mandela allowed the prison guards to join us.He said they should not be stopped from studying for their degrees.They were not cleverer than me , but they did pass their exams.So I knwe I could get a degree too.That made me feel good about myself.When I finished the four years in prison, I went to find a job.Since I was better educated, I got a job working in an office.However, the police found out and told my boss that I had been in prinson for blowing up government buildings.So I lost my job.I did not work again for twenty years until M r Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.All that time my wife and children had to beg for good and help from relatives or friends.Luckily Mr Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around my old prison on Robben Islannd.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.All the terror and fear of that time came back to me.I remembered the beatings and the cruelty of the guards and my friends who had died.I felt I would not be able to do it, but my family encouraged me.They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.So now at 51 I am proud to show visitors over the prison, for I helped to make our people free in their own land.

第五篇：bx-vktes高中英語必修1 課文翻譯(人教新課標(biāo))

、.~ ① 我們‖打〈敗〉了敵人。

②我們‖〔把敵人〕打〈敗〉了。

第一單元 友誼

Reading

安妮最好的朋友

你是不是想有一位無話不談能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，于是她就把日記當(dāng)成了她最好的朋友。

安妮在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來，否則他們就會(huì)被德國(guó)納粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了兩年之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在這段時(shí)間里，她唯一的忠實(shí)朋友就是她的日記了。她說，“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把這本日記當(dāng)作我的朋友，我要把我這個(gè)朋友稱作基蒂”。安妮自從1942年7月起就躲藏在那兒了，現(xiàn)在，來看看她的心情吧。

親愛的基蒂：

我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲议L(zhǎng)久無法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過。自從我來到這里，這一切都變了。

??比方說，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點(diǎn)半故意不睡覺，為的是獨(dú)自好好看看月亮。但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓亮耍也桓掖蜷_窗戶。還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的。我一直等到非關(guān)窗不可的時(shí)候才下樓去。漆黑的夜晚，風(fēng)吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚??

??令人傷心的是??我只能透過臟兮兮的窗簾觀看大自然，窗簾懸掛在沾滿灰塵的窗前，但觀看這些已經(jīng)不再是樂趣，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇悄惚仨氂H身體驗(yàn)的。

Using Language Reading, listening and writing 親愛的王小姐：

我同班上的同學(xué)有件麻煩事。我跟我們班里的一位男同學(xué)一直相處很好，我們常常一起做家庭作業(yè)，而且很樂意相互幫助。我們成了非常好的朋友。可是，其他同學(xué)卻開始在背后議論起來，他們說我和這位男同學(xué)在談戀愛，這使我很生氣。我不想中斷這段友誼，但是我又討厭人家背后說閑話。我該怎么辦呢？ Reading and writing 尊敬的編輯：

我是蘇州高中的一名學(xué)生。我有一個(gè)難題，我不太善于同人們交際。雖然我的確試著去跟班上的同學(xué)交談，但是我還是發(fā)現(xiàn)很難跟他們成為好朋友。因此，有時(shí)候我感到十分孤獨(dú)。我確實(shí)想改變這種現(xiàn)狀，但是我卻不知道該怎么辦。如果您能給我提些建議，我會(huì)非常感激的。

第二單元 世界上的英語

Reading

通向現(xiàn)代英語之路

16世紀(jì)末期大約有5百萬到7百萬人說英語，幾乎所有這些人都生活在英國(guó)。后來，在17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人開始航海征服了世界其它地區(qū)。于是，許多別的國(guó)家開始說英語了。如今說英語的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多，他們有的是作為第一語言來說，有的是作為第二語言或外語。

以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。請(qǐng)看以下例子：

英國(guó)人貝蒂：“請(qǐng)到我的公寓（flat）里來看看，好嗎？”

美國(guó)人艾米：“好的。我很樂意到你的公寓（apartment）去。”

那么，英語在一段時(shí)間里為什么會(huì)起變化呢？事實(shí)上，當(dāng)不同文化互相交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展，有所變化。首先，在公元450年到1150年間，人們所說的英語跟今天所說的英語就很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語不是。然后，漸漸地，大約在公元800年到1150年期間，英語不那么像德語了。因?yàn)槟菚r(shí)的英國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者起初講丹麥語后來講法語。這些新的定居者大大豐富了英語語言，特別是在詞匯方面。所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。在1620年，一些英國(guó)人搬遷到美洲定居。后來，到了19世紀(jì)，有些英國(guó)人也被送往澳大利亞，兩個(gè)國(guó)家的人都開始說英語了。

最后，到20世紀(jì)，英語才真正定形。那時(shí)，英語在拼寫上發(fā)生了兩大變化：首先，塞繆爾·約翰遜編寫了詞典，后來，諾厄·韋伯斯特編纂了《美國(guó)英語詞典》，后者體現(xiàn)了美國(guó)英語拼寫的不同特色。

現(xiàn)在，英語在南亞也被當(dāng)作外語或第二語言來說。比如說，印度擁有眾多講英語很流利的人，這是因?yàn)橛?guó)于1765年到1947年統(tǒng)治過印度。在那期間，英語成了官方語言和教育用語。在新加坡、馬來西亞和非洲其它國(guó)家，比如南非，人們也說英語。目前在中國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)英語的人數(shù)正在迅速增長(zhǎng)。事實(shí)上，中國(guó)可能擁有世界上最多的英語學(xué)習(xí)者。中國(guó)英語會(huì)發(fā)展出自己的特色嗎？這只能由時(shí)間來回答了。

Using Language

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語和方言

什么是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語？是在英國(guó)、美國(guó)、加拿大、澳大利亞、印度、新西蘭所說的英語嗎？信不信由你，（世界上）沒有什么標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語。許多人認(rèn)為，電視和收音機(jī)里所說的就是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)英語，這是因?yàn)樵谠缙诘碾娕_(tái)節(jié)目里，人們期望新聞播音員所說的英語是最好的英語。然而，在電視和收音機(jī)里，你也會(huì)聽出人們?cè)谡f話時(shí)的差異。

當(dāng)人們用不同于“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言”的詞語時(shí)，那就叫做方言。美國(guó)英語有許多方言，特別是中西部和南部地區(qū)的方言，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。在美國(guó)有些地區(qū)，即使是相鄰城鎮(zhèn)的兩個(gè)人所說的語言都可能稍有不同。美國(guó)英語之所以有這么多的方言是因?yàn)槊绹?guó)人是來自世界各地的緣故。

地理位置對(duì)方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。住在美國(guó)東部山區(qū)的一些人說著比較古老的英語方言。當(dāng)美國(guó)人從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方時(shí)，他們也就把他們的方言隨著帶去了。因此，美國(guó)東南部山區(qū)的人同美國(guó)西北部的人所說的方言就幾乎相同。美國(guó)是一個(gè)使用多種方言的大國(guó)。雖然許多美國(guó)人經(jīng)常搬遷，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、理解彼此的方言。

第三單元 游記

Reading

沿湄公河而下的旅程

第一部分夢(mèng)想與計(jì)劃

我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢(mèng)想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地自行車，然后還說服我買了一輛（山地車）。去年她去看望了我們的表兄弟——在昆明讀大學(xué)的刀衛(wèi)和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長(zhǎng)大，湄公河在中國(guó)境內(nèi)的這一段叫瀾滄江，在其他國(guó)家（境內(nèi)）叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對(duì)騎車旅游產(chǎn)生了興趣。大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后，我們終于有了機(jī)會(huì)騎自行車旅行。我問我姐姐：“我們要去哪兒？”首先想到要沿湄公河從源頭到終點(diǎn)騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。現(xiàn)在她正在為我們的旅行制定計(jì)劃。

我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個(gè)很嚴(yán)重的缺點(diǎn)。她有時(shí)確實(shí)很固執(zhí)。盡管她對(duì)去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅(jiān)持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。于是，我就知道這個(gè)盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我不停地問她，“我們什么時(shí)候出發(fā)？什么時(shí)候回來？”我還問她是否看過地圖。當(dāng)然她并沒有看過——我的姐姐是不會(huì)考慮細(xì)節(jié)的。于是，我告訴她，湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我一個(gè)堅(jiān)定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會(huì)改變主意的。我說，我們的旅行將從5, 000多米的高地出發(fā)，這時(shí)她似乎顯得很興奮。當(dāng)我告訴她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時(shí)，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。

在我們旅行前的幾個(gè)月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我們找到一本大型地圖冊(cè)，里面有一些世界地理的明細(xì)圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河發(fā)源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動(dòng)。它穿過深谷時(shí)就變成了急流，流經(jīng)云南西部。有時(shí)，這條江形成瀑布，進(jìn)入寬闊的峽谷。我們倆驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國(guó)境內(nèi)。當(dāng)流出中國(guó)，流出高地之后，湄公河就變寬了，變暖了，河水也變成了黃褐色。而當(dāng)它進(jìn)入東南亞以后，流速減緩，河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長(zhǎng)稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國(guó)南海。

Using Language

夜晚的西藏山景

第二部分山中一宿

雖然是秋天，但是西藏已經(jīng)開始下雪了。我們的腿又沉又冷，感覺就像大冰塊。你看到過雪人騎自行車嗎？我們看上去就像那樣。一路上，一些身著羊毛大衣的孩子們停下來看著我們。下午晚些時(shí)候，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)由于天冷我們的水壺都凍上了。然而，湖水在落日的余暉下閃亮如鏡，景色迷人。像往常一樣，王薇在我的前面，她很可靠，我知道我用不著給她鼓勁兒。上山很艱難，但是當(dāng)我們環(huán)顧四周，（眼前的）景色讓我們感到驚奇，我們似乎能看到幾百里以外的地方。在某個(gè)時(shí)刻，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己置身高處，彷佛騎車穿越云層。然后我們開始下山，這非常有趣，特別是天氣逐漸變得暖和多了。在山谷里，五彩斑斕的蝴蝶翩翩飛舞

在我們身旁，我們還看到牦牛和羊群在吃草。這時(shí)，我們不得不把帽子、外衣、手套和長(zhǎng)褲脫掉，換成T恤衫和短褲。

一到傍晚，我們通常就停下來宿營(yíng)，（于是），我們先把帳篷支起來，然后吃飯。晚飯后，王薇把頭放在枕頭上就睡覺了，而我卻醒著。半夜里，天空變得清朗了，星星更亮了。（夜晚）非常安靜——幾乎沒有風(fēng)，只有篝火的火焰和我們做伴。當(dāng)我躺在星空下，我想著我們已經(jīng)走了多遠(yuǎn)。

我們很快就要到達(dá)云南的大理。在那里，我們的表兄弟刀衛(wèi)和宇航將加入我們的行列。我們迫不及待地想要見到他們！

第四單元 地震

Reading

地球的一個(gè)不眠之夜

河北省東北部的農(nóng)村不斷有些怪事發(fā)生：三天來，村子里的井水升升降降，起起伏伏。農(nóng)夫注意到，水井的井壁上有深深的裂縫，裂縫里冒出臭氣。農(nóng)家大院里的雞,甚至豬都緊張得不想吃食。老鼠從田地里跑出來找地方藏身。魚缸和池塘里的魚會(huì)往外跳。在1976年7月28日凌晨3點(diǎn)左右，有些人看到天上一道道明亮的光。即使天空沒有飛機(jī)，在唐山城外也可以聽到飛機(jī)聲。在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂開來。但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當(dāng)一回事，當(dāng)天晚上照常睡著了。

在凌晨3點(diǎn)42分，一切都開始搖晃起來。世界似乎到了末日！二十世紀(jì)最大的一次地震就在唐山市正下方11公里處發(fā)生了。100公里以外的北京市都感到了地震，全國(guó)1 / 3的地方都有震感。一條8公里長(zhǎng)30米寬的巨大裂縫橫穿房舍、馬路和渠道。地上一些洞穴冒出了蒸氣。石頭山變成了泥沙河，在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。人們?cè)馐艿臑?zāi)難極為深重。2/3的人在地震中死去或受傷。成千上萬個(gè)家庭遇難，許多孩子變成了孤兒。死傷的人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。

幸存的人們又怎么能相信這是自然現(xiàn)象呢？人們無論朝哪里看，哪里的一切都幾乎被毀了。所有的市內(nèi)醫(yī)院、75%的工廠和建筑物、90%的家園都消失了。

殘磚就像秋天的紅葉覆蓋著大地，然而它們是不可能被風(fēng)刮走的。兩座大壩垮了，多數(shù)橋梁不是塌了就是無法安全通行了。鐵軌如今成了一條條廢鋼。好幾萬頭牛再也擠不出奶來。50萬頭豬和幾百萬只雞全都死了。井里滿是沙子，而不是水。人們驚呆了。接著，在下午晚些時(shí)候，又一次和第一次一樣的強(qiáng)烈的地震震撼著唐山。有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。更多的房屋倒塌了。水、電和食物都很難弄到。人們開始納悶，這場(chǎng)災(zāi)難還會(huì)持續(xù)多久。

不是所有的希望都破滅了。地震后不久，部隊(duì)派了15萬名戰(zhàn)士到唐山來協(xié)助救援人員，數(shù)十萬的人得到了救助。部隊(duì)人員組成小分隊(duì)，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。在唐山市的北邊，有一個(gè)萬名礦工的煤礦，其中多數(shù)人得救了。援救人員為那些家園被毀的幸存者蓋起了避難所，用火車、卡車和飛機(jī)向市內(nèi)運(yùn)來了水。慢慢地、慢慢地，這座城市又開始出現(xiàn)了生機(jī)。

Reading and speaking 唐山市政府辦公室 親愛的______________：

恭喜你！我們很高興地告訴你，你在以新唐山為主題的中學(xué)演講比賽中獲得第一名。評(píng)委會(huì)的五位評(píng)委聽了你的演講，他們都認(rèn)為你的演講是今年最好的。你的父母親和你的學(xué)校會(huì)為你而驕傲！

下個(gè)月我們市將開放一個(gè)新公園，以紀(jì)念在那次可怕的災(zāi)難中死去的人們，并向那些曾經(jīng)為幸存者提供過幫助的人們致敬。我們辦公室想請(qǐng)你在7月28日上午11點(diǎn)給來公園的參觀者進(jìn)行演講。你知道，三十（）年前的這一天正是唐山發(fā)生地震的日子。

在這個(gè)特殊的日子里，我們邀請(qǐng)你把家人和朋友一起帶來。

誠(chéng)摯的 張沙

第五單元 納爾遜·曼德拉

—— 一位當(dāng)代英雄

Reading

伊萊亞斯的故事

我的名字叫伊萊亞斯。我是南非的一個(gè)窮苦的黑人工人。第一次見到納爾遜·曼德拉的時(shí)候，是我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。（當(dāng)時(shí)）我才12歲，那是在1952年，曼德拉是我尋求幫助的一位黑人律師。他為那些窮苦黑人提供法律指導(dǎo)。他十分慷慨地給予我時(shí)間，我為此非常感激。

由于我所受的教育很少，所以我需要他的幫助。我六歲開始上學(xué)，我僅僅在那里讀了兩年的學(xué)校有三公里遠(yuǎn)。我不得不輟學(xué)，因?yàn)槲业募彝o法繼續(xù)支付學(xué)費(fèi)和交通費(fèi)。我既不太會(huì)讀，也不怎么會(huì)寫。幾經(jīng)周折，我才在一家金礦找到一份工作。然而在那個(gè)時(shí)候，你要想住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡就非得要有身份證不可。糟糕的是我沒有這個(gè)證件，因?yàn)槲也皇窃谀抢锍錾模液軗?dān)心我是不是會(huì)失業(yè)。

納爾遜·曼德拉給予我?guī)椭哪且惶焓俏乙簧凶罡吲d的日子。他告訴我要想在約翰內(nèi)斯堡立住腳，應(yīng)當(dāng)如何獲取所需證件。我對(duì)自己的未來又充滿了希望。我永遠(yuǎn)也忘記不了他對(duì)我的恩情，當(dāng)他組織了非國(guó)大青年聯(lián)盟時(shí)，我馬上就參加了這個(gè)組織。他說：“過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權(quán)利，阻擋我們的進(jìn)步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權(quán)利都沒有的階段。”

他說的是真話。當(dāng)時(shí)黑人沒有選舉權(quán)，他們無權(quán)選擇他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人。他們不能做自己想要做的工作。他們所能住的城區(qū)都是由白人決定的。他們被打發(fā)去住的城外地區(qū)是南非最貧窮的地區(qū)。在那兒，沒有人能夠種莊稼。事實(shí)上，就像拉爾遜·曼德拉所說的：

“??我們被置于這樣一個(gè)境地：要么我們被迫接受低人一等的現(xiàn)實(shí)，要么跟政府作斗爭(zhēng)。我們選擇向法律進(jìn)攻。首先我們用和平的方式來破壞法律，而當(dāng)這種方式也得不到允許時(shí)，??只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。”

事實(shí)上，我并不喜歡暴力，??但是在1963年的時(shí)候，我?guī)椭Я艘恍┱髽恰Ｄ鞘呛芪ｋU(xiǎn)的事情，因?yàn)槿绻冶蛔プ×耍赡芫蜁?huì)被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。但是，我樂于幫忙，因?yàn)槲抑溃@是為了實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的黑人和白人平等的夢(mèng)想。