第一篇：新東方口試考前熱點話題預測3
新東方口試考前熱點話題預測（3）
上海新東方口譯研究中心 口譯課題組 裴曉棟
（版權所有，轉載注明出處)
以下的預測是基于09年秋考的一些特點和趨勢，加上以往歷年的考察重點。希望能為各位即將參加2010春季口譯二階段的考生和學友們助“譯”臂之力。
根據09年秋季高口考查的特色，在口語話題的部分，考委會比較關注最近半年內的實事新聞，尤其是關系民生的問題。比如法律方面的“彩票欺詐行為”（Lottery Fraud），官員財產申報問題(Personal Asset Declaration for Government Officials)，個人所得稅征稅改革(Income-tax Reform)，新助學貸款體系的介紹(Introduction of Student’s Loan System)等等。這些話題緊跟時下熱點，本人將其定義為“二線熱點”，口譯考試的口語往往是“二線熱點”，不會考大熱的話題。而口譯部分更加關注“一線熱點” 一線熱點：
2010年全國人大和政協會議 “兩會” 重點關注“2010年政府工作報告”“溫家寶答記者問” 哥本哈根氣候峰會
重點關注“胡錦濤在聯合國氣候變化峰會開幕式上的講話” 海地，智力等的強地震；對于四川汶川地震的歷史再現。中國云南旱災
2010年上海世博會介紹，世博場館介紹 中國成立60周年
重點關注“胡錦濤總書記在09年10月1日的重要講話” “二線熱點”： 20國集團會議 中俄建交60周年
中國60年來的名族工作和取得的成績 后經濟危機時代 媒體在新世紀的力量 重點關注“世界媒體峰會”
中美貿易摩擦，美方認為中方有操縱匯率的嫌疑 美國對臺軍售，臺灣問題 奧巴馬接見**喇嘛 當然除了關心這些一線和二線的熱點話題，我們還應該把主要的復習精力放在《中/高級口譯教程》上。這里重點推薦幾篇中譯英段落供大家復習時參考。高級口譯教程
1.P63 C-E 中美經貿關系 2.P127 C-E 20國集團會議 3.P165 C-E 上海介紹 4.P270 C-E 中外交流 5.P335 C-E 中國的飲食文化
第二篇：中級口譯口試講義(新東方)
中級口譯口試講義
主講：朱巧蓮
第一章
口譯綜述
一、口試部分簡介
1、常見選題
①選擇性、辯論性話題
②熱點問題：西部大開發、北京申奧等 ③校園文化話題
④社會現象、成功、快樂、國家政策等
2、口語應試技巧
①多與英美國家人士交流、溝通 ②通過原版外片提高語感 ③背誦好的演講稿
④閱讀報紙，提高詞匯量，充實知識量 ⑤平日進行作文練習
3、口語考試常見問題： ①因為緊張忘記事先準備的例子 ②表達不流利
4、口譯考試介紹
二、口譯實考體驗 口譯基本功
1、考生具備較高語言水平
2、豐富詞匯量、流利的表達
3、準確的發音
4、較高的文化修養
5、很好的心理素質
6、很強的記憶力
7、較強的理解力、分析力、應變能力
中外合資是一種互補互惠的合作關系。外國在華投資可以最大限度地發揮各自的優勢。
A Sino-foreign joint venture is a mutually complementary and beneficial partnership.Foreign investment in China can maximize the strengths of both parties concerned.我國幅員遼闊、資源豐富、勞動力低廉、消費市場潛力大。此外我們還有穩定的政治社會環境和優惠的投資政策。
Our country has massive land, abundant resources, cheap labor and a potential consumer market, in addition to the stable political and social environment and favorable investment policies.發達國家有雄厚的資金、先進的技術和管理知識。投資興辦合資企業時，外方可以提供資金、機械、技術和管理方法。
Developed countries have sufficient funds, advanced technology and managerial expertise.When establishing a joint venture, a foreign partner may bring into the cooperative business capital funds, machinery, advanced technology and management.中方可以提供土地、勞工和部分資金。應該說，這種投資方法對合作雙方來說，具有豐厚的經濟回報率。
The Chinese partner, on the other hand, may supply land, labor and a portion of the funds.Therefore, this type of investment is supposed to yield fat economic returns for both parties in the partnership.三、近年中口考試特點
1、課本內容僅占1/4，其余內容來自口譯實例。
2、英譯漢部分較難。
3、漢譯英通常都可以聽懂，但考生翻譯時往往出現詞匯量匱乏的問題。
4、注重平日口譯技能的綜合培養。
口譯技能：聽力理解 詞匯量 記筆記 表達能力 《中級口譯考試備考精要》上海新東方
考場描述：
My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…
四、口譯的概述和定義
What is interpretation? Interpretation is an extempore oral reproduction, in one language, of what is said in another language.The most widely-used forms of interpretation Interpretation may assume either of the following two forms: consecutive interpretation(CI)and simultaneous interpretation(SI).In SI, well-equipped booths are necessary.Interpretation Process
理解---------記憶----------再現（表達）理解是關鍵
Interpretation criterion
Faithful to the original message and smooth in the target language.準、順、快
口譯課的目標
1、To better students’ English;發音要改善，口語要流利，聽力要提高，詞匯要擴大
2、To introduce and practice interpretation skills(not tips);STM Note-taking Paraphrasing
3、To enlarge students’ scope of knowledge, including LK, ELK 課本的使用
《英語中級口譯資格證書考試 中級口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明 《英語高級口譯全真試題集》 新東方 《中級口譯備考精要》
新東方
（注：教師講解過程中涉及到的文章已經全部收錄在網絡課堂的電子講義中）
An Intermediate Course of Interpretation by Prof.Mei Deming as mainline textbook;We won’t deal with each text, though.We will be looking at the important stuff in the book: sentence structures and vocabulary.第二章 禮儀性口譯
《英語中級口譯資格證書考試 中級口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明
注：教師講課過程中涉及到的全部課本內容，已經完整收錄在我們的電子講義中。
一、vocabulary work詞匯預熱一 world-renowned 世界聞名 diversity 多樣化 dynamism 充滿活力 a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 懷舊的、思鄉的 memorable 值得回憶的 utmost courtesy 非常的禮貌 extensive 廣泛的
overshadow 使??黯然失色 non-governmental sector 民間組織 foundations 基金會 mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的誠意
strategic relationship
戰略關系 flourish
興旺繁榮
mutual 的搭配
mutual 可以和這些詞搭配
mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(禮尚往來)
mutual equality/complementarity our mutual friend 我們共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助
mutual promise 相互的約定 by mutual consent 雙方同意 mutual affection 相愛
二、Expressing Thanks
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，請允許我感謝中國東道主的精心安排與好客，我夫人與我，以及代表團的全體人員，都深為感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感謝閣下的友好歡迎辭，對我本人以及代表團所有成員來說，這是愉快而難忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我結束講話之前，我想再說一遍，我們來貴國作客是多么的愉快和榮幸。對于我們抵達貴國后你們為我們所做的一切，我們深表感謝。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我謹代表在座的所有的同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要感謝特別感謝為我們準備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優美音樂的人們。
表示感謝的常用形式 On behalf of…
For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主體結構：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith
for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此機會向你們的幫助表示衷心的感謝。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你們盛情的接待與款待表示衷心的感謝。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.請接受我們對你友好邀請的真誠感謝。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感謝你們給我這個極好的機會讓我來訪問這個美麗的城市并和你們共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高興和你們再次相聚。
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感謝布魯爾斯校長的邀請，使我來到久負盛名的劍橋大學。
三、which從句
This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.這種看法基本上是正確的，它反映了美國人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽車公司是美國最大的長途汽車公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我們參與了那富有戲劇性的轉變過程，它使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了通往建立一種真誠友好與合作關系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的訪問是良好誠意的象征，我們懷著這種良好誠意，希望能在友誼的基礎上建立文化和商業關系，建立重要的戰略關系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我謹代表我在座的所有同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標的不同的道路，一起開始新的長征。這個目標就是建立一個和平與正義的世界，在這個世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴，所有國家無論其大小，都有權決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發展道路，而不受外來干涉或統治。
In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本著這種精神，我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩國人民之間的友誼與合作干杯，這種友誼與合作能夠帶給全世界人民友誼與和平。
四、口譯實考題分析
I wish to take this opportunity to thank you on behalf of all my colleagues for your warm reception and hospitality.// 我愿借此機會，謹代表我所有的同事們，對你們熱情的迎接和款待表示感謝。
The past five days in China have been truly pleasant and enjoyable and most memorable.在中國度過的這五天，令人愉快，難以忘懷。I particularly want to pay tribute to our Chinese partners for their sincere cooperation and support in concluding these agreements.我特別要稱頌我們的中國合作者，他們的真誠合作與支持使這項協議得以簽署。
May I ask all of you present here to join me in raising your glasses, to the lasting friendship and cooperation between our two companies.我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩家公司的永久友誼和合作而干杯。
五、vocabulary work詞匯預熱二
Your Excellency 閣下
cradle of civilization 文明的搖籃 renew old friendship 重溫舊情 establish new contacts 結交新友
a constant source of encouragement 不斷的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求
a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于
in closing 最后 privileged 榮幸的
propose a toast 提議??干杯 cheers 干杯 稱呼
Ladies and gentlemen
Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president
“ Your Excellency, Mr.Minister,” Less formally, one may address government officials as: “Mr.8 Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions: Your/His/Her majesty
Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)
六、招待口譯常用句型、搭配
1、稱呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity
2、英語的名詞轉換成漢語的動詞
We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我們因而歡迎中國關注和理解小國和發展中國家所遇到的問題以及所持的立場。中國的支持始終鼓勵著我們追求發展與保持我國獨立的立場。
I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待著在今后的幾天里有機會向你們學習，從你們為造福人們而促進經濟和社會發展的奮斗和經驗中學到一些東西。
I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此機會邀請閣下訪問我國，以便我們能有機會回報你們給予我們的熱情歡迎和盛情款待。
3、祝酒
May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!現在由我祝酒 為閣下的身體健康，為所有中國朋友的身體健康，干杯！
May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!
4、實戰練習
Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感謝您熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問這個文明古國是我多年夢寐以求的愿望。
This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.這次訪問給與我一次極好的機會拜訪老朋友，結交新朋友。I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我為自己能訪問偉大的貴國和這座美麗的城市，再次表達我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。
I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我對您為我到達貴國后所作的一切安排深表謝意。
第三章 中國傳統文化
一、“傳統節日”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 烹調 cooking cuisine 魚肉滿架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意義 symbolic significance 農歷 lunar calendar 陽歷 solar calendar 端午節 Dragon Boat Festival 元宵節 Lantern Festival 清明節 Pure Brightness Day 重陽節 Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡靈 in memory of sb.龍舟比賽 dragon boat races 中秋節 Mid Autumn Festival 滿月 full moon 月餅 moon cake 蜜餞 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 11 蛋黃 egg yolk 海鮮 seafood 家禽 poultry 餃子 dumplings 八寶飯 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油條 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉燒包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋頭 taro 蔥油餅 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有關春節的常用詞 放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龍燈 play the dragon lantern 耍獅子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call
二、有關“介紹”的翻譯 ?
? 我很高興向各位介紹中國的主要傳統節日。
I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.?
? 表示“介紹情況”時，我們可以這樣翻譯： 1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友們介紹這些方面的情況。
I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此機會，我愿意向各位朋友介紹中國加入世貿組織和參與經濟全球化的有關情況。?
? I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我簡單介紹我廠的情況。
Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.在來賓們參觀我校之前，請允許我簡要介紹一下我校的概況。
Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what 請主席先生介紹一下中國農村扶貧運動的情況。
Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此機會，向各位介紹上海經濟發展和開展國際經貿交往的一些情況。I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind ?
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三、實考題分析
中國的傳統節慶膳食除了在數量和質量上與平時有所不同之外，一些歷史悠久、具有象征意義的食物也是節日必不可缺的伴侶。
Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity and quality.In addition, some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.例如，我國的端午節是紀念古代詩人屈原的日子。那一天，人們通常要賽龍舟、吃粽子。
For example, on the Dragon Boat Festival, a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan, people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, a kind of glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves.13 中秋節是觀賞滿月的日子。圓圓的月亮象征著圓滿，象征著家庭團聚。因此，中秋節的特制食品是一種圓形的月餅。
The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness, and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yuebing, a round moon cake.春節是中國的農歷新年，除了常見的海鮮、家禽和肉類之外，人們還要按各自的地方習俗烹制傳統菜肴，如餃子和年糕。
The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year’s holiday.In addition to the popular seafood, poultry and meat, people will prepare traditional food, for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings, and niangao, or the year cake according to their regional custom.四、“武術”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 武術
martial art 武術宮 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 減肥 lose weight 填寫登記表 fill in a form 會員卡 membership card 古代格斗術 form of combat習武 practice martial art 中國武術協會 Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 雜技 acrobatics 頂尖/身懷絕技/無懈可擊的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman
單句翻譯練習：
武術又稱功夫，在中國已經有1000年歷史了。
Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中國的勞動人民練習武術以強身健體和自我保護，武術至今仍大受歡迎。
The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中國武術還引起了外國人的興趣，在全世界不少國家，都有人學習武術。
Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.練習武術有各種各樣的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。
Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武術是中國特有的民族運動，它可以鍛煉身體，培養意志力，訓練打斗技巧。
A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.五、實考題分析
歡迎光臨上海武術中心。在這里您可以健身、減肥、結交朋友，以及了解中國文化。
Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body, reduce your weight, make new friends, as well as learn about Chinese culture.我們的武術協會還為各位來賓準備了精彩的節目。除了武術表演，您還可以觀賞京劇節目和雜技表演。
In addition, our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances, Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.倘若您想親身體驗一下中國武術，我們可以派一流的教師進行團體或個別指導。If you want to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts, we have first class teachers for individual or group training.我們的武術專賣店出售有關中華武術的圖書資料、錄像帶和激光視盤。滿足您的需要是本中心的服務宗旨。
Our martial art store sells books, video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.六、傳統文化詞匯補充
氣功
controlled breathing exercise 春聯
spring couplet 剪紙
paper-cut 戲劇臉譜
theatrical mask 國畫
traditional Chinese painting 中藥
TCM 單口相聲
monologue comic talk 對口相聲
witty dialogue;comic cross talk 馬戲
circus performance 傳說
legend 神話
mythology 寓言
fable 二十四節氣
the twenty-four solar terms 四大發明：
火藥
gunpowder 印刷術
movable type printing 造紙術
paper making 指南針
compass
四書：
大學
The Great Learning 中庸
The Doctrine of the Mean 論語
The Analects of Confucius 孟子
the Mencius 孫子兵法
The art of War 三國演義
Three Kingdoms 西游記
Journey to the West
Monkey King 紅樓夢
Dream of the Red Mansions
Story of the Stone 水滸傳 Outlaws of the Marsh
All men are brothers 詩經
The Book of Songs 書經
The Books of History 易經
I Ching The Book of Changes 禮記
The Book of Rites 孝經
Book of Filial Piety 三字經
three word chant 八股文
stereotyped writing 重要文化遺產
major cultural heritage
第四章
實考題分析
一、口語題目范文分析
Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.這篇口語表述中運用到的技巧：
1、引用諺語
2、使用常用短語和句型
3、作比較
4、使用關聯詞
5、用明確的詞表明自己的觀點
6、用自己舉例子
7、常用的序數詞
小貼士：口語闡述時最好能加上自己的親身經歷
二、口譯實考練習
三、口譯實考分析 英譯漢 Passage 1: In terms of its impact on our society, I think AIDS will certainly be the number one serious public-health hazard going into the next century.//
從對我們社會所造成的影響這個角度來看，我認為艾滋病必定是我們進入下一世紀的頭號健康大敵。
AIDS ：Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome
Among all the ways and means, a massive educational campaign is the only thing conceivable at the moment that can really help.// 在所有措施中，開展大規模的教育活動是目前唯一行之有效的辦法。
Some people argue that a nationwide, or worldwide, educational campaign on AIDS awareness is difficult, expensive and therefore impossible.I think their argument is groundless.// 有些人認為，在全國范圍或全世界范圍開展提防艾滋病的教育活動難度大，代價高，因而無法實施。我認為這種觀點是毫無根據的。
We'll have to convince people that they're better of knowing than not knowing the fact, because they can take actions, treat the problem and control AIDS infection with appropriate drugs.我們應該使人們相信，了解實際情況總比蒙在鼓里好，因為了解實情后我們便可以行動起來，共同研討這一問題，并可以用適當的藥物來控制疾病的傳染。參考書錄《中高級口譯口試備考精要》
Passage 2: People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, without meaning to or sometimes without even realizing it.// 不同文化背景的人在一起有時會做出一些令對方感到不舒服的事，他們并非故意要這樣做，有時甚至連自己也未察覺。
Most Americans are usually spontaneous, friendly and open, and enjoy meeting new people, having guests and ringing people together formally or informally.// 大多數美國人通常天真、率直，友好坦率，喜歡結識人，歡迎客人來訪，愿意召集正式的或非正式的聚會。
They tend to be informal and speak freely.So if your American hosts do something that makes you uncomfortable, try to let them know how you feel.They will appreciate your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again.//
美國人往往不拘禮節，說話毫無拘束。所以要是你的美國主人做出了使你感到不舒服的事，你應該設法讓他們知道你的感受。他們會喜歡你的誠實態度，盡量不再做你不喜歡的事。
Sometimes Americans are said to be superficially friendly.Perhaps it seems so.Just like anywhere else, it takes time to become real friends with people in the United States.有時美國人的友善會被視為一種表面現象。或許看上去確實是這么一回事。同其他地方一樣，與美國人結成真正的朋友是需要一段時間的。
補充：文化差異方面的口譯練習
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美國許多生意都是通過電話談的。一般的生意人都花很多時間打電話，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中國公司和美國公司通過電話商討初步協議通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.與美國人談判并無特別的樣式。談判的方式視業務不同而不同，取決于參與談判的人員。
Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.雖然美國人享有決策果斷的聲譽，但是，在公司著手進行主要或重大項目時，決策并非總是果斷的。因此，你也要做好準備進行冗長的談判。
四、口譯實考分析 漢譯英
Passage 1: 中餐桌上最神奇、最有特色的用餐工具莫過于筷子。幾千年來我們中國人一直視筷子為一種最簡單同時也是最有效的用餐工具。
No eating tools on the Chinese dinner table are more magical and distinctive than the chopsticks.For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for meals.關于筷子的用料，其種類各有不同，選材包括竹子、木材、玉石、象牙、塑料、金銀等。Chopsticks can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, jade, ivory, plastic, gold and silver and so on.對于西方人來說，掌握用筷的方法和技巧在開始時也許難度很大，但是只要有耐心，用心去練，不久便可以熟練地使用筷子享用中餐。
For Westerners, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging at the beginning.But as long as you have patience and concentrate on practice, you will soon be able to use chopsticks skillfully enough to enjoy a Chinese meal.如果想享用一頓真正意義上的中餐，那么花時間耐心學習用筷技藝不僅很有必要，而且也很有趣。
If you want to enjoy a Chinese meal in the real sense, it is not only necessary, but also very interesting, to spend some patient time learning to acquire the skills of using chopsticks.Passage 2：
中國是一個多民族國家，具有經濟發展不平衡的特點。在這塊遼闊的土地上，人們使用多種語言和方言。
China is a multi-national country featuring unbalanced economic development, In the vast territory, different languages ad various dialects are used.//
幾十年來，政府一直號召推廣普通話，作為標準漢語，但在相當多的人口中，普通話還未能成為日常使用的交流工具。
Even though the government has called for popularization of Mandarin as the standard Chinese language for decades, it has not become the daily-use communication tool among a considerable number of the people.//
這顯然阻礙了經濟發展與社會進步。毫無疑問，推廣和提倡使用普通話對加快中國改革開放的步伐是舉足輕重的。
This obviously hinders economic development and social progress.Undoubtedly the popularization and promotion of Mandarin is vital to speeding up China's reform and opening up drive.//
這樣做，將有助于提高漢語信息管理技術，因此，符合全體中國人民的根本利益。It will help improve the technology of information management in Chinese.Therefore, it is the basic interests of all Chinese.20
補充有關餐桌禮儀的句子翻譯
中國人吃飯用筷子，西方人則用餐刀、餐叉。有些人會用筷子，但大多數人則不行，所以在西方客人擺餐具時，筷子旁邊再擺上刀叉是很明智的做法。
Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中國的宴席，把菜肴擺在餐桌中央。西方人則不習慣把手伸得老長，滿桌子揮舞。然而，中國人的習慣就是各人從餐桌中央菜盤子里夾菜。所以，宴請外國客人時，這一點應該向他們講明白。
At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain such table manners to them.中國人請客，主人總是不斷往客人的盤子里夾菜。這使外國客人覺得非常尷尬。即便是不喜歡的菜品，他也得吃下去，因為在西方，把食物剩在盤子里是極不禮貌的行為。At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.與此相反，一個中國人出席，比方說，一個美國人舉行的宴會，他常常辭謝遞給他的食物或飲料。雖然他其實還餓著或渴著。這在中國可能是禮貌之舉。
On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中國國情的翻譯內容補充
經過半個多世紀的艱苦努力，特別是二十多年的改革開放，中國已邁入全面建設小康社會的發展新階段。
After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中國仍然是一個發展中國家，人口多、底子薄是中國的基本國情。中國實現自身發展的道路依然艱苦而漫長。
However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.21 中華人民共和國是全國人民共同締造的統一的多民族國家。迄今為止，中國有56個民族。
The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.與漢族相比，其他55個民族人口相對較少，因此他們在習慣上被稱為“少數民族”。
Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中國進行了第四次人口普查，據統計，在全國總人口中，漢族人口約占92%，少數民族人口占8%。
According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在長期的歷史發展過程中，中華民族這個大家庭中的各族人民經過融合和遷移，形成了今天的分布格局。
During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口譯考試備考方式
1、充分利用口譯教程
2、復習過程中注意句式的把握，特別注意課本中術語、套詞、句式的記憶
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顧
4、多看口譯的案例
第三篇：新東方中級中級口譯口試模擬題
新東方09秋中級口譯口試模擬試題第一套
口語題
Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is?, “ “My registration number is?”.Topic: What are the important factors involved in looking for an ideal job?
Questions for Reference:
1.What qualifications or personality do you think are of vital importance for an individual in his or her job hunting?
2.What is your primary concern in selecting a profession, your personal interest, income, specialization, or your working environment? Give reasons for your answer.3.Do you think a job interview is indispensable for a recruiting institution? Why or why not? How can we train ourselves to become successful interviewees?
Part A
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:
Welcome to the Cairo International Conference Center.The Conference Center is a gift from the government of China.It is a symbol of friendship between the peoples of China and Egypt.//
Up to now, the Cairo International Conference Center is the only comprehensive conference center in Egypt.It occupies an area of 300,000 square meters.Of there, 58,000 square meters have been given to conference facilities.//
The Center is a mere 10-minute drive from the Cairo International Airport, a 5-minute walk from the Cairo Football Stadium and the Cairo International Exhibition Hall.//
As you stroll in the conference center you will be able to appreciate the magnificent architecture and millions of dollars' worth of art.You will also enjoy the beauty of the lovely man-made lake and the two Chinese pavilions.（參考答案）
歡迎參觀開羅國際會議中心。開羅國際會議中心是中國政府贈送給埃及政府的禮物，是中埃兩國人民友好的象征。
迄今為止，開羅國際會議中心仍是埃及唯一的綜合性中心。會議中心占地30萬平方米，其中5萬8千平方米為會議設施。
中心距開羅國際機場驅車僅10分鐘，步行5分鐘便可抵達開羅足球場和開羅國際博覽館。
漫步會議中心，您不僅能領略宏偉的建筑，還能欣賞到價值成百萬埃鎊的藝術品。您還能欣賞到美麗的人工湖和兩座中國式樣的亭子。
Passage 2:
We established our friendly and cooperative relations on the understanding that we would develop our friendship on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit.// We believe that it is absolutely important that all nations, big or small, strong or weak, should establish and maintain their relations on these principles.//
We are appreciate the interest and the understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of small and developing countries.We also appreciate China’s firm support in our economic development.// I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your experience in promoting economic and social development in the interest of your people.（參考答案）
我們建立友好合作關系時是基于這樣一種認識，即我們要在相互尊重和平等的基礎上發展我們的友誼。//
我們認為，所有國家，無論其大小強弱，都應該在這些原則的基礎建立和維持相互間的關系，這是至關重要的。//
我們贊賞中國關注和理解向我們的小國和發展中國家所遇到的問題，我們贊賞中國對我們經濟發展的有力支持。//
我期待在今后的幾天里有機會向你們請教，學習你們為造福貴國人民而促進經濟和社會發展的經驗。
Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1:
萬里長城據稱是唯一可以從月球上望見的地球建筑物，人們可以從位于北京西北75公里以外的八達嶺區直接觀望到蜿蜒連綿的萬里長城。//長城始建于戰國時期，以防御北方外族人入侵.統一中國的秦始皇動用了無數人建成了今天的中國長城。//
舉世聞名的長城全長6,700公里,起始于俯望渤海灣的山海關，止于甘肅省的嘉峪關.兩千年來幾經修整，是中華民族的歷史見證。//萬里長城雄偉壯觀。古代中國人在沒有機械的條件下用雙手修建了這樣偉大的建筑真是了不起。
（參考答案）
The Great Wall claims to be the only man-made structure on the earth which is visible from the moon.The winding Great Wall can be viewed from the Badaling district, about 75 kilometers to the northwest of Beijing.//
It was built during the Warring States period to prevent invasions of nomadic people from the north.The first Qin emperor, who united China into one country, mobilized hundreds of thousands of builders to complete what is known today as the Great Wall of China.//
The world-famous Great Wall is 6,700 kilometers long from Shanhaikuan, which overlooks the Gulf of Bo Hai, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu province.The wall underwent repeated reconstruction during its 2000-year history, witnessing the historical changes of the Chinese nation.// The Great Wall is magnificent.It is really great that the ancient Chinese constructed such a gigantic structure without any machinery available.Passage 2:
亞洲是地球上最大的洲，聚居著世界60%的人口。資源十分豐富，歷史源遠流長，文化博大精深。//
上個世紀中，亞洲的巨變壓和崛起，譜寫了亞洲發展的輝煌篇章，也成為人類社會圣賢步的顯著標志。//
近年來，在各國的努力下，亞洲地區合作意識日益增強，健康和互利的合作局面正在形成。//
發展經濟是亞洲各國的首要任務。我們可以把貿易、交通、農業、信息、能源作為優先合作領域。并逐步向其他領域擴展。
（參考答案）
As the biggest continent on the earth, Asia takes up 60% of its population.It has abundant resources, a long history and profound / magnificent and exquisite cultures.//
With its great changes and rise in the last century, Asia wrote a glorious chapter of its development and left a brilliant hallmark on the advancement of human society.//
In recent years, thanks to the joint efforts of Asian countries, there has been a growing awareness of regional cooperation, while a situation of healthy and mutually beneficial cooperation is taking shape.//
Economic development is the primary task of Asian countries.Such areas as trade, communications, agriculture, information and energy can be made priorities of cooperation, which will be gradually enlarged to include other areas.新東方09秋中級口譯口試模擬試題第二套
口語題
Directions: Talk on the following topic for at least 5 minutes.Be sure to make your points clear and supporting details adequate.You should also be ready to answer any questions raised by the examiners during your talk.You need to have your name and registration number recorded.Start your talk with “My name is?, “ “My registration number is?”.Topic: My view of a successful foreign language learner
Questions for Reference:
1.What is the relationship between learning grammatical knowledge and learning language skills(listening, speaking, reading, writing, etc.)?
2.Which one is more important for a foreign language learner, natural environment or classroom setting? Or, are there any other important factors? What are they?
3.What methods have you been following in learning a foreign language? Why?
Part A
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.After you have heard each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into Chinese.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now let us begin Part A with the first passage.Passage 1:
We are meeting here to call for changes in the US patent laws.We believe such changes in the US patent laws are needed to deal with new business models related to the Internet.// US patent laws are designed to protect the commercial rights of people who have invested in new products or techniques.And I propose that the period of protection should be cut form 17 years to 3 years.//
From my experience of working with Hi-Technology companies in California’s Silicon Valley, the biggest problems arise when existing patent protections for business methods are combined with the Internet.//
If changes in the patent laws are going to have any real impact, they must be made soon.Some of my colleagues in the industry have already begun lobbying lawmakers to make the changes.//
（參考答案）
我們在此集會，要求/呼吁修改美國專利法。我們認為專利法必須加以修改才能應付與互聯網有關的一些新商業模式。.//
制訂美國專利法是為了保護那些投資開發新產品或新技術的人的商業權利。我在這里提議專利權的保護期應該從原來的17年縮短為3年。//
憑我在加州硅谷高科技公司的工作經驗，當現行的商務行為的專利保護同因特網聯系在一起時,就會出現最嚴重的問題。//
如果想讓專利法的修改能真正起到作用，那就必須加快(修訂)速度。我的一些同行已經開始游說立法者修改(法律)。//
Passage 2:
It has been a fashion nowadays that people own private cars.It has been rightly said that owning a private car is a symbol of living a high-quality life.//
But, personally, when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality.There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities.//
People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when steering a wheel.The surprising thing is that society smiles so kindly on the motorist and seems to forgive his for his behavior.//
Because of heavy traffic, many cities and towns become almost uninhabitable.And year in year out, mass annual slaughter in traffic accidents becomes more a statistic figure, to be conveniently forgotten.（參考答案）
如今，人們擁有私車是一種時髦。有人說的對，擁有私車象征著享有高質量的生活。//
然而我以為當一個坐在方向盤后時，他的車子便是他個性的延伸.毫無疑問，汽車常常展示一個人最糟的品質。// 平時溫文爾雅之士，一旦坐于方向盤后，可能會判若兩人。令人吃驚的是，社會竟對開車者笑臉相迎，悅目以待，對其行為似乎網開一面。//
由于交通擁擠，城市和鄉鎮變得幾乎難以居住，年復一年，每年大規模的車毀人亡，成了只不過是個統計數字，不久便會被忘卻。
Part B
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in Chinese.After you have each sentence or paragraph, interpret it into English.Start interpreting at the signal?and stop it at the signal?You may take notes while you are listening.Remember you will hear the passages only once.Now, let us begin Part B with the first passage.Passage 1
要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種。//
作為一個獨立的劇種，京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至1860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養的基礎上形成的。//
京劇有明確的角色分工；在念白上用北京方言；在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴秦樂器。//
由于京劇是在融合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的，它不僅為北京觀眾所鐘愛，也受到全國人民的喜愛。
（參考答案）
To understand better the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the opera culture in China.There are many kinds of local operas in our country.Peking Opera is considered the representative type.//
As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was born between 1840 and 1860.It evolved / originated from / formed by absorbing the creams / essentials / essential elements of other local operas.// In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles;the language used is Beijing speech / dialect;and huqin, a two-stringed bower fiddle, is the major accompanying musical instrument.//
Because Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing residents / local residents in Beijing, but also by people from all over the country.Passage 2:
武術在此國源遠流長，是中華民族的瑰寶。同時，也正逐漸傳播到世界，成為人類的共同財富。// 為了正好的推廣武術，使武術與奧運項目接軌，中國武協和國際武聯做了大量艱苦卓絕的工作。//
今天，武術的蓬勃發展，除得益于其項目本身的吸引力外，早期移居海外的一代武術大師們的努力也功不可沒。//
在新的時期，競技武術在傳統武術的基礎上發展起來了,從而為武術的普及與提高提供了一個新的舞臺..（參考答案）
Wushu, or Chinese martial arts, can trace back to the ancient times.It is a gem of the Chinese traditional culture.And it is now spreading to the rest of the world to be shared by mankind.The Chinese Wushu Association and International Wushu Federation(IWUF)have been working very hard to popularize Wushu and move the Chinese martial arts closer to the Olympic Movement.The booming of Wushu is attributed nor only to the attractiveness of the sport but also to(the efforts by)whose early emigrant Chinese Wushu masters.In modern times, Competitive Wushu, which has developed on the basis of traditional Wushu, provides a new stage to popularize and improve the Chinese martial arts.
第四篇：2011中級口譯口試講義(新東方)
中級口譯口試講 第一章
口譯綜述
1、常見選題
①選擇性、辯論性話題
②熱點問題：西部大開發、北京申奧等 ③校園文化話題
④社會現象、成功、快樂、國家政策等
2、口語應試技巧
①多與英美國家人士交流、溝通 ②通過原版外片提高語感 ③背誦好的演講稿
④閱讀報紙，提高詞匯量，充實知識量 ⑤平日進行作文練習近平年中口考試特點
1、課本內容僅占1/4，其余內容來自口譯實例。
2、英譯漢部分較難。
3、漢譯英通常都可以聽懂，但考生翻譯時往往出現詞匯量匱乏的問題。
4、注重平日口譯技能的綜合培養?？紙雒枋觯?/p>
My name is … My Registration number is 0509000123.My topic today is…
第二章 禮儀性口譯
《英語中級口譯資格證書考試 中級口譯教程 第二版》 梅德明
一、vocabulary work詞匯預熱一 world-renowned 世界聞名 diversity 多樣化
dynamism 充滿活力
a special regard 特殊的敬意 nostalgic 懷舊的、思鄉的 memorable 值得回憶的 utmost courtesy 非常的禮貌 extensive 廣泛的
overshadow 使??黯然失色
non-governmental sector 民間組織 foundations 基金會
mutual benefit 互惠互利 good faith 良好的誠意
strategic relationship
戰略關系 flourish
興旺繁榮
mutual 的搭配
mutual 可以和這些詞搭配
mutual respect/benefit/understanding mutual trust/confidence/courtesy(禮尚往來)mutual equality/complementarity
our mutual friend 我們共同的朋友 mutual aid 互助
mutual promise 相互的約定 by mutual consent 雙方同意 mutual affection 相愛
二、Expressing Thanks
Permit me first to thank you, our Chinese hosts, for your extraordinary arrangements and hospitality.My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.首先，請允許我感謝中國東道主的精心安排與好客，我夫人與我，以及代表團的全體人員，都深為感激。
Thank you very much for your kind words of welcome.This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for the members of my delegation.我非常感謝閣下的友好歡迎辭，對我本人以及代表團所有成員來說，這是愉快而難忘的一天。
In closing, may I say again how delighted and privileged we are to be in your country.We are deeply grateful for what you have done for us since our arrival in your country.在我結束講話之前，我想再說一遍，我們來貴國作客是多么的愉快和榮幸。對于我們抵達貴國后你們為我們所做的一切，我們深表感謝。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music.我謹代表在座的所有的同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。我不僅要感謝特別感謝為我們準備晚宴的人們，而且還要特別感謝演奏優美音樂的人們。表示感謝的常用形式 On behalf of…
For myself and for our entire delegation, On behalf of all the members of my delegation and in my own name, For our Group and myself, 主體結構：I' d like to express / extend my heartfelt thanks to you /warm gratitude hearty gratefulness /sincere thanks to you and through you to Mr.Smith for your kind invitation(to visit China / to this fair.)/kind hospitality /warm welcome /for giving this grand banquet./for inviting us to such a marvelous dinner tonight.1.I' d like to take advantage of this opportunity to express my earnest gratitude for your help.我愿借此機會向你們的幫助表示衷心的感謝。
2.I should like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your gracious reception and hospitality.我愿向你們盛情的接待與款待表示衷心的感謝。
3.Please accept our sincere thanks for your kind invitation.請接受我們對你友好邀請的真誠感謝。
4.Thank you very much for giving me such an excellent opportunity to visit this beautiful city and work with you.非常感謝你們給我這個極好的機會讓我來訪問這個美麗的城市并和你們共事。
5.I am very happy to have this second chance of joyful gathering with you.我非常高興和你們再次相聚。
6.I would like to thank Sir Broers, Vice-Chancellor, for the invitation, which brings me to the famous Cambridge University.非常感謝布魯爾斯校長的邀請，使我來到久負盛名的劍橋大學。
三、which從句
This is basically a correct observation, which says something about the American way of life.這種看法基本上是正確的，它反映了美國人的生活方式。
Greyhound is the largest long distance coach company, which offers the monthly pass.“灰狗”汽車公司是美國最大的長途汽車公司，有月票出售。
Those were happy days.They were good days, important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.我們參與了那富有戲劇性的轉變過程，它使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了通往建立一種真誠友好與合作關系的道路。
My visit is a symbol of the good faith with which we seek to build up the strength of our friendship, our cultural and commercial ties and our important strategic relationship.我的訪問是良好誠意的象征，我們懷著這種良好誠意，希望能在友誼的基礎上建立文化和商業關系，建立重要的戰略關系。
On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.我謹代表我在座的所有同事，對你們那獨有的、著稱于世的款待表示感謝。
So, let us start a long march together on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, its own course of development, free of outside interference or domination.所以，讓我們沿著通往共同目標的不同的道路，一起開始新的長征。這個目標就是建立一個和平與正義的世界，在這個世界里所有人都可以站在一起享有同等的尊嚴，所有國家無論其大小，都有權決定自己的政府形式，選擇自己的發展道路，而不受外來干涉或統治。
In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to the friendship and cooperation of our two peoples which can lead to friendship and peace for all peoples in the world.本著這種精神，我敬請各位與我一起舉杯，為我們兩國人民之間的友誼與合作干杯，這種友誼與合作能夠帶給全世界人民友誼與和平。
四、vocabulary work詞匯預熱二 Your Excellency 閣下
cradle of civilization 文明的搖籃 renew old friendship 重溫舊情 establish new contacts 結交新友
a constant source of encouragement 不斷的鼓舞 in the pursuit of 追求
a common aspiration 共同的愿望 endeavor＝try in the service of 造福于
in closing 最后 privileged 榮幸的
propose a toast 提議??干杯 cheers 干杯
稱呼
Ladies and gentlemen
Your Excellency, My Chinese friends Respected Mr.chairman, ladies and gentlemen Mr.president
government officials as: “Mr.Director,” “Mr.Minister, ” “Mr.President, ” related other expressions:
Your/His/Her majesty
Your/His/Her Highness/ Excellency/Royal Highness Your/His/Her Honor/ Excellency /Madam Mr.Smith, Ladies and Gentlemen, Mr.and Mrs.Smith(“Dr.and Mrs.Green” if applicable)
六、招待口譯常用句型、搭配
1、稱呼常用搭配 gracious invitation on the basis of mutual respect and equality, and mutual benefit;warm welcome generous/incomparable hospitality extraordinary arrangement(精心安排)peace, stability and prosperity
2、英語的名詞轉換成漢語的動詞
We, therefore, welcome the interest and understanding that China has shown regarding the problems of and positions taken by small and developing countries.China’s support is a constant source of encouragement to us in the pursuit of the goals of developing and maintaining the independence of our country.我們因而歡迎中國關注和理解小國和發展中國家所遇到的問題以及所持的立場。中國的支持始終鼓勵著我們追求發展與保持我國獨立的立場。
I look forward, in the next few days, to the opportunity of learning something from your endeavour and experience in promoting economic and social development in the service of your people.我期待著在今后的幾天里有機會向你們學習，從你們為造福人們而促進經濟和社會發展的奮斗和經驗中學到一些東西。
I’d like to take this opportunity to extend to Your Excellency an invitation to visit my country, so that we will have an opportunity to return the warm welcome and generous hospitality you extended to us.我愿意借此機會邀請閣下訪問我國，以便我們能有機會回報你們給予我們的熱情歡迎和盛情 4
款待。
3、祝酒
May I propose a toast To the health of Your Excellency, To the health of all the Chinese friends, Cheers!現在由我祝酒
為閣下的身體健康，為所有中國朋友的身體健康，干杯！
May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Now I would like to invite you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two cities.Ladies and Gentlemen, allow me to propose a toast.With the wine of the host, I request you all to raise your glasses and drink to the health of Smith!
1、實戰練習
Thank you very much for your gracious speech of welcome.China is one of the earliest cradles of civilization and a visit to this ancient civilization has long been my dream.我非常感謝您熱情友好的歡迎詞。中國是最古老的文明搖籃之一，訪問這個文明古國是我多年夢寐以求的愿望。
This visit will give me an excellent opportunity to meet old friends and establish new contacts.這次訪問給與我一次極好的機會拜訪老朋友，結交新朋友。
I wish to say again that I am so delighted and privileged to visit your great country and this lovely town.我為自己能訪問偉大的貴國和這座美麗的城市，再次表達我的愉快之情和榮幸之感。I am deeply grateful for everything you have done for me since my arrival in China.我對您為我到達貴國后所作的一切安排深表謝意。
第三章 中國傳統文化
一、“傳統節日”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 烹調 cooking cuisine 魚肉滿架 well stocked with fish and meat 象征意義 symbolic significance 農歷 lunar calendar 陽歷 solar calendar 端午節 Dragon Boat Festival 元宵節 Lantern Festival 清明節 Pure Brightness Day 重陽節 Double Ninth Day 放逐 be exiled 忠臣 loyal minister 糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves 祭祀亡靈 in memory of sb.5
龍舟比賽 dragon boat races 中秋節 Mid Autumn Festival 滿月 full moon 月餅 moon cake 蜜餞 preserved fruits 豆沙 bean paste 蛋黃 egg yolk 海鮮 seafood 家禽 poultry 餃子 dumplings 八寶飯 eight treasure rice 米羹 rice balls 油條 fried sticks 麻花 fried twisted stick 炒面 Chaomian 叉燒包 steamed bun with roast pork 粥 porridge 芋頭 taro 蔥油餅 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion 有關春節的常用詞
放鞭炮 let off firecrackers 耍龍燈 play the dragon lantern 耍獅子 play the lion dance 拜年 pay a new-year call
二、有關“介紹”的翻譯
? 我很高興向各位介紹中國的主要傳統節日。
? I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.表示“介紹情況”時，我們可以這樣翻譯：
1.to share with you brief information ? 在此，我愿意向朋友們介紹這些方面的情況。
? I'd like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on ? 借此機會，我愿意向各位朋友介紹中國加入世貿組織和參與經濟全球化的有關情況。? I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief you on China's accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of ? 我簡單介紹我廠的情況。
? Let me, first of all, give you a brief account of this factory.? 在來賓們參觀我校之前，請允許我簡要介紹一下我校的概況。
? Before you start to look around, I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell us how/what ? 請主席先生介紹一下中國農村扶貧運動的情況。
?
?
?
?
? Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China? 5.to show you 我想向您介紹一下我們初步擬定的活動日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此機會，向各位介紹上海經濟發展和開展國際經貿交往的一些情況。
I’d like to take this opportunity to provide you with some information about Shanghai’s economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind
四、“武術”單詞預熱 vocabulary work 武術
martial art 武術宮 martial art palace 健身 bodybuilding 減肥 lose weight 填寫登記表 fill in a form 會員卡 membership card 古代格斗術 form of combat習武 practice martial art 中國武術協會 Chinese Martial Arts Association 扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance 雜技 acrobatics 頂尖/身懷絕技/無懈可擊的 top/first-rate/ 武林高手 professional martial artist warrior, sumono, knight, errant, martial artist, swordsman
單句翻譯練習：
武術又稱功夫，在中國已經有1000年歷史了。
Wushu, known as Kongfu or martial arts, has a history of a thousand years in China.中國的勞動人民練習武術以強身健體和自我保護，武術至今仍大受歡迎。
The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.中國武術還引起了外國人的興趣，在全世界不少國家，都有人學習武術。
Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.練習武術有各種各樣的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。
Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises, either bare-handed or with weapons.武術是中國特有的民族運動，它可以鍛煉身體，培養意志力，訓練打斗技巧。
A unique Chinese national sport, Wushu builds strong bodies, steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.六、傳統文化詞匯補充
氣功
controlled breathing exercise 春聯
spring couplet 剪紙
paper-cut 7
戲劇臉譜
theatrical mask 國畫
traditional Chinese painting 中藥
TCM 單口相聲
monologue comic talk 對口相聲
witty dialogue;comic cross talk 馬戲
circus performance 傳說
legend 神話
mythology 寓言
fable 二十四節氣
the twenty-four solar terms 四大發明：
火藥
gunpowder 印刷術
movable type printing 造紙術
paper making 指南針
compass
四書：
大學
The Great Learning 中庸
The Doctrine of the Mean 論語
The Analects of Confucius 孟子
the Mencius 孫子兵法
The art of War 三國演義
Three Kingdoms 西游記
Journey to the West
Monkey King 紅樓夢
Dream of the Red Mansions
Story of the Stone 水滸傳 Outlaws of the Marsh
All men are brothers 詩經
The Book of Songs 書經
The Books of History 易經
I Ching The Book of Changes 禮記
The Book of Rites 孝經
Book of Filial Piety 三字經
three word chant 八股文
stereotyped writing 重要文化遺產
major cultural heritage
第四章
實考題分析
一、口語題目范文分析
Good Health As a popular saying goes: “Health is better than wealth.” Good health enables one to enjoy his life and achieve what he hopes for in his career.On the other hand, poor health tends to deprive one of his interest in everything around him.Therefore, health is indispensable to one’s happy life.There are many ways, I think, which can help to build up one’s health.In the first place, those who always work from morning till night should find time to relax because too much stress can lead to poor performance and ill health.Secondly, if one wants to keep healthy, he must give up the habits that damage his health.Finally, regular exercises are essential for a healthy mind and body.To the
best of my knowledge, there is nothing more healthful than a brisk walk in the morning.Personally, I like running in the morning.And I have benefited a lot of from it.My health condition is getting better and better.So I will persist in doing so in the future.這篇口語表述中運用到的技巧：
1、引用諺語
2、使用常用短語和句型
3、作比較
4、使用關聯詞
5、用明確的詞表明自己的觀點
6、用自己舉例子
7、常用的序數詞
小貼士：口語闡述時最好能加上自己的親身經歷
補充：文化差異方面的口譯練習
Much business in the United States is conducted on the telephone.The average businessman spends much of his time on the telephone making business contacts.在美國許多生意都是通過電話談的。一般的生意人都花很多時間打電話，接洽生意。
However, it usually will not be convenient to make initial contracts between Chinese and U.S.businesses by telephone.但是，中國公司和美國公司通過電話商討初步協議通常很不方便。
There is no particular style to American negotiations.The way the negotiations are conducted will vary from one business to another and will depend upon the individuals involved.與美國人談判并無特別的樣式。談判的方式視業務不同而不同，取決于參與談判的人員。Although Americans have a reputation for making quick decisions, this is not always true when a corporation is involved in a major venture or a large project.Therefore, you should also be prepared for lengthy negotiations.雖然美國人享有決策果斷的聲譽，但是，在公司著手進行主要或重大項目時，決策并非總是果斷的。因此，你也要做好準備進行冗長的談判。
補充有關餐桌禮儀的句子翻譯
中國人吃飯用筷子，西方人則用餐刀、餐叉。有些人會用筷子，但大多數人則不行，所以在西方客人擺餐具時，筷子旁邊再擺上刀叉是很明智的做法。
Chinese eat with chopsticks while most of the westerners eat with knives and forks.Some westerners may be quite good at using chopsticks, but most of them are not, therefore when setting a table at which westerners are entertained, it is always advisable to place knives and forks along side the chopsticks.中國的宴席，把菜肴擺在餐桌中央。西方人則不習慣把手伸得老長，滿桌子揮舞。然而，中國人的習慣就是各人從餐桌中央菜盤子里夾菜。所以，宴請外國客人時，這一點應該向他們講明白。
At Chinese dinner parties, the dishes are usually placed in the middle of the table.Westerners are not used to reaching for something over the table.But in China, it is usual to help oneself to the food placed at the center of the table.So when we entertain foreign guests, we should explain
such table manners to them.中國人請客，主人總是不斷往客人的盤子里夾菜。這使外國客人覺得非常尷尬。即便是不喜歡的菜品，他也得吃下去，因為在西方，把食物剩在盤子里是極不禮貌的行為。
At a Chinese dinner, the host always puts more food on to the guest's plate.That often makes a foreign guest feel very awkward.He has to eat the food even if he doesn't feel like it, because it is considered bad manners in the west to leave one's food on the plate.與此相反，一個中國人出席，比方說，一個美國人舉行的宴會，他常常辭謝遞給他的食物或飲料。雖然他其實還餓著或渴著。這在中國可能是禮貌之舉。
On the contrary, a Chinese sits at, say, an American’s dinner party, he very often refuses the offer of food or drinks though in fact he is still hungry or thirsty.This might be good manners in China, but it is definitely not in the West.五、中國國情的翻譯內容補充
經過半個多世紀的艱苦努力，特別是二十多年的改革開放，中國已邁入全面建設小康社會的發展新階段。
After over half a century of strenuous efforts, more than two decades of reform and opening-up in particular, China has now entered a new stage of development aimed at building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way.但中國仍然是一個發展中國家，人口多、底子薄是中國的基本國情。中國實現自身發展的道路依然艱苦而漫長。
However, China is still a developing country, large population and inadequate economic development remain its basic national conditions.It has a long way to go before achieving its development goals.中華人民共和國是全國人民共同締造的統一的多民族國家。迄今為止，中國有56個民族。
The People’s Republic of China is a united multi-national state founded jointly by the people of all nationalities.So far, there are 56 nationalities.與漢族相比，其他55個民族人口相對較少，因此他們在習慣上被稱為“少數民族”。Compared with the Han nationality, China’s other 55 ethnic groups have a relatively small population, thus they are customarily referred to as ethnic minorities.1990年中國進行了第四次人口普查，據統計，在全國總人口中，漢族人口約占92%，少數民族人口占8%。
According to the fourth national census conducted in 1990, the Han nationality accounts for 92 percent of the country’s total population, and minority ethnic groups account for 8 percent.在長期的歷史發展過程中，中華民族這個大家庭中的各族人民經過融合和遷移，形成了今天的分布格局。
During China’s long history of development, the people of various nationalities in China migrated and mingled, which eventually brought about today’s distribution.六、口譯考試備考方式
1、充分利用口譯教程
2、復習過程中注意句式的把握，特別注意課本中術語、套詞、句式的記憶
3、眼睛、嘴巴、手三者兼顧
4、多看口譯的案例
第五篇：申論熱點話題預測
2012年上海公務員考試申論熱點：網絡問政
【背景分析】網絡問政已經成為互聯網時代的一種新的民主參與形式，網絡問政已經被各地的官員所認同。與此同時，如何加快互聯網平臺建設，加強“網上信訪”工作，強化法律和技術監管是擺在各級政府面前的一個重大問題。
【深度解析】
重要意義：
1、網絡問政的出現，使得許多制度性問題得以及時發現并引起重視。例如，“開胸驗肺”時間的發生表明了我們目前在彰顯社會公平和正義方面存在的一些制度性缺失，經過網絡傳播后受到有關方面的高度重視并妥善解決，同事還對有關違反職業規范和道德的當事人給予處罰。類似的問題還很多，在解決這些問題的過程中，網絡問政起到了重要的作用。
2、網絡問政起到了良好的社會監督的效能。在以前，一些見不得陽光的權力濫用現象，以及一些不正確的理念、習慣和作風問題，有關組織部門處理起來會遇到很多障礙，如今通過網絡問政，尤其是網民的窮追不舍，這些問題成為必須正視和無法回避的嚴肅問題，網絡問政起到了加壓器的作用。
3、網絡問政進一步表明了政府工作的透明。最明顯的例證，就是2008年思春汶川發生特大地震后，不到一小時，網絡就發布了這一消息，使黨中央國務院在第一時間就做出了部署，為及時搶救遇難同胞做出了重要貢獻。
4、網絡問計于民已經成為政府工作重要的組成部分。如中央組織部從2008年起，委托國家統計局每年在全國31個省區市以及中央和國家機關、中央企事業單位開展組織工作滿意調查的形式，實則是充分發揮網絡這一優勢，加大對干部工作作風、工作能力與工作態度的考核力度和監督力度。讓人民群眾通過這一方法，為官員當參謀。
對策建議：
1、成立組織，建立網絡新聞發言人制度。整合各地相關部門職能，成立信息化工作領導小組，深入研究信息化工作，加強互聯網建設，進一步強化黨務政務信息公開，了解網絡社情民意，鼓勵網民建言獻策，解決網上信訪問題。
2、加快互聯網平臺建設。加強官方媒體網站建設，使其在網絡輿論引導中發揮主導作用。特別是要加快本地政府網站、重點新聞網站建設，扶持和培育屬于本地的網絡論壇、網絡貼吧，用當地主流網絡媒體規范當地網民行為。
3、加強“網上信訪”工作建設。要把處理“網上信訪”納入重要工作日程，安排專職人員收集網上有關信息，提供有關領導參閱，作為領導決策和改進工作的一個重要的民意渠道和心理來源。必要時建立責任部門答復機制，及時在網上公布信訪問題的處理結果，以正視聽、以解民怨。
4、強化法律和技術監管。網絡輿情宜疏不宜堵。但對網民惡意傳播一些明顯超越憲法和法律，危害國家整體利益和社會公眾利益，侵害個人權利的違法行為，則需要通過技術手段和法律手段來規范，雙管齊下，堅決遏制不良信息的傳播。
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