第一篇：17大政府工作報告(中英文)

十七大報告全文英漢對照

[ 2007-10-31 09:50 ] 中國共產黨第十七次全國代表大會于2007年10月15日上午在人民大會堂開幕。胡錦濤總書記在會上提出，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，為奪取全面建設小康社會新勝利而奮斗。

以下為胡錦濤總書記報告全文的中英文對照，均為新華社發表的官方版本，供讀者學習參考。

一、過去五年的工作

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進程

三、深入貫徹落實科學發展觀

四、實現全面建設小康社會奮斗目標的新要求

五、促進國民經濟又好又快發展

六、堅定不移發展社會主義民主政治

七、推動社會主義文化大發展大繁榮

八、加快推進以改善民生為重點的社會建設

九、開創國防和軍隊現代化建設新局面

十、推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統一大業

十一、始終不渝走和平發展道路

十二、以改革創新精神全面推進黨的建設新的偉大工程

十七大報告全文英漢對照

Hold High the Great Banner of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics and Strive for New Victories in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in all Respects

Report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China on Oct.15, 2007 Hu Jintao

Comrades, Now I would like to make a report to the Seventeenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC)on behalf of the Sixteenth Central Committee.The Seventeenth Congress is one of vital importance being held at a crucial stage of China's reform and development.The theme of the congress is to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development, continue to emancipate the mind, persist in reform and opening up, pursue development in a scientific way, promote social harmony, and strive for new victories in building a moderately prosperous

高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟 為奪取全面建設小康社會新勝利而奮斗 ━━胡錦濤主席在中國共產黨第十七次全國代表大會上的報告（2007年10月15日）同志們:

現在，我代表第十六屆中央委員會向大會作報告。

中國共產黨第十七次全國代表大會，是在我國改革發展關鍵階段召開的一次十分重要的大會。大會的主題是：高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀，繼續解放思想，堅持改革開放，推動科學發展，促進社會和諧，為奪取全面建設小康社會新勝利而奮斗。

中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，是當代中國發展進步的旗幟，是全黨全國各族人民團結奮斗的旗幟。解放思想是發展中國特色社會主義的一大法寶，改革開放是發展中國特色社會主義的強大動力，科學發展、社會和諧是發展中國特色社會主義的基本要求，全面建設小康社會

十七大報告全文英漢對照 society in all respects.The great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the banner guiding development and progress in contemporary China and rallying the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the country in our common endeavor.Emancipating the mind is a magic instrument for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, reform and opening up provide a strong driving force for developing it, and scientific development and social harmony are basic requirements for developing it.Building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is a goal for the Party and the state to reach by 2020, and represents the fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups.The world today is undergoing extensive and profound changes, and contemporary China is going through a wide-ranging and deep-going transformation.This brings us unprecedented opportunities as well as unprecedented challenges, with the formeroutweighing the latter.The whole Party must unswervingly hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics and lead the people in starting from this new historical point, grasping and making the most of the important period of strategic opportunities, staying realistic and pragmatic,forging ahead with determination, continuing to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and accelerate socialist modernization, and accomplishing the lofty mission bestowed by the times.I.The Work of the Past Five Years The five years since the Sixteenth Congress was an extraordinary period.In order to accomplish the arduous tasks of reform and development in a complicated and volatile international situation, the Party led the people of all ethnic groups in holding high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, overcoming difficulties and risks, creating a new situation in the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics and attaining a new realm in adapting Marxism to conditions in China.是黨和國家到二０二０年的奮斗目標，是全國各族人民的根本利益所在。當今世界正在發生廣泛而深刻的變化，當代中國正在發生廣泛而深刻的變革。機遇前所未有，挑戰也前所未有，機遇大于挑戰。全黨必須堅定不移地高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，帶領人民從新的歷史起點出發，抓住和用好重要戰略機遇期，求真務實，銳意進取，繼續全面建設小康社會、加快推進社會主義現代化，完成時代賦予的崇高使命。

一、過去五年的工作

十六大以來的五年是不平凡的五年。面對復雜多變的國際環境和艱巨繁重的改革發展任務，黨帶領全國各族人民，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，戰勝各種困難和風險，開創了中國特色社會主義事業新局面，開拓了馬克思主義中國化新境界。

十六大確立“三個代表”重要思想的指導地位，作出全面建設小康社會的戰略決策。為貫徹十六大精神，中央召開七次全會，分別就深化機構改革、完善社會主義市場經濟體制、加強黨的執政能力建設、制定“十一五”規劃、構建社會主義和諧社會等關系全局的重大問題作出決定和部署，提出并貫徹科學發展觀等重大戰略思想，推動黨和國家工作取得新的重大成就。

經濟實力大幅提升。經濟保持平穩快速發展，國內生產總值年均增長百分之十以上，經濟效益明顯提高，財政收入連年顯著增加，物價基本穩定。社會主義新農村建設扎實推進，區域發展協調性增強。創新型國家建設進展良好，自主創新能力較大提高。能源、交通、通信等基礎設施和重點工程建設成效顯著。載人航天飛行成功實現。能源資源節約和生態環境保護取得新進展。“十五”計劃勝利完成，“十一五”規劃進展順利。

改革開放取得重大突破。農村綜合改革逐步深化，農業稅、牧業稅、特產稅全部取消，支農惠農政策不斷加強。國有

十七大報告全文英漢對照 At its Sixteenth Congress the Party established the important thought of Three Represents as its guide and made the strategic decision to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.In order to implement the guiding principles of the congress, the Central Committee convened seven plenary sessions, at which it made decisions on and arrangements for major issues of overall significance such as deepening institutional restructuring, improving the socialist market economy, strengthening the governance capability of the Party, drawing up the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-10), and building a harmonious socialist society;and it formulated and applied the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.All this helped the Party and the state score great new achievements.Economic strength increased substantially.The economy sustained steady and rapid growth.The GDP expanded by an annual average of over 10%.Economic performance improved significantly, national revenue rose markedly year by year, and prices were basically stable.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside yielded solid results, and development among regions became more balanced.The endeavor to make China an innovative nation registered good progress, with considerable improvement in the country's capacity for independent innovation.Notable achievements were scored in the construction of infrastructure including energy, transport and telecommunications facilities and other key projects.Manned spaceflights were successfully conducted.Fresh progress was registered in energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation.The Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-05)was fulfilled successfully and implementation of the eleventh is in smooth progress.Major breakthroughs were made in reform and opening up.Comprehensive reforms in rural areas gradually deepened;agricultural tax, livestock tax and taxes on special agricultural products were rescinded throughout the country;and policies were constantly strengthened to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Significant headway was made in reform of the state assets management system, state-owned enterprises, banking, public finance，資產管理體制、國有企業和金融、財稅、投資、價格、科技等領域改革取得重大進展。非公有制經濟進一步發展。市場體系不斷健全，宏觀調控繼續改善，政府職能加快轉變。進出口總額大幅增加，實施“走出去”戰略邁出堅實步伐，開放型經濟進入新階段。

人民生活顯著改善。城鄉居民收入較大增加，家庭財產普遍增多。城鄉居民最低生活保障制度初步建立，貧困人口基本生活得到保障。居民消費結構優化，衣食住行用水平不斷提高，享有的公共服務明顯增強。

民主法制建設取得新進步。政治體制改革穩步推進。人民代表大會制度、中國共產黨領導的多黨合作和政治協商制度、民族區域自治制度不斷完善，基層民主活力增強。人權事業健康發展。愛國統一戰線發展壯大。中國特色社會主義法律體系基本形成，依法治國基本方略切實貫徹。行政管理體制、司法體制改革不斷深化。

文化建設開創新局面。社會主義核心價值體系建設扎實推進，馬克思主義理論研究和建設工程成效明顯。思想道德建設廣泛開展，全社會文明程度進一步提高。文化體制改革取得重要進展，文化事業和文化產業快速發展，人民精神文化生活更加豐富。全民健身和競技體育取得新成績。

社會建設全面展開。各級各類教育迅速發展，農村免費義務教育全面實現。就業規模日益擴大。社會保障體系建設進一步加強。抗擊非典取得重大勝利，公共衛生體系和基本醫療服務不斷健全，人民健康水平不斷提高。社會管理逐步完善，社會大局穩定，人民安居樂業。國防和軍隊建設取得歷史性成就。中國特色軍事變革加速推進，裁減軍隊員額二十萬任務順利完成，軍隊革命化、現代化、正規化建設全面加強，履行新世紀新階段歷史使命能力顯著提高。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 taxation, investment, pricing, and the system for managing science and technology.The non-public sector of the economy grew stronger.A sound market system was being put in place, macroeconomic regulation continued to improve, and transformation of government functions was accelerated.The total volume of imports and exports increased sharply.Solid steps were taken in implementing the “go global” strategy, and the open economy entered a new stage of development.Living standards improved significantly.Both urban and rural incomes increased considerably, and most families had more property than before.The system of subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents was basically in place, guaranteeing basic living conditions for the poor.Residents improved their consumption patterns, had increasingly better food, clothing, housing, transport and other daily necessities, and enjoyed markedly improved public services.Fresh progress was registered in improving democracy and the legal system.Political restructuring progressed steadily.Constant improvement was made in the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC and the system of regional ethnic autonomy.Primary-level democracy increased its vitality.The cause of human rights witnessed sound development.The patriotic united front grew stronger.A socialist law system with Chinese characteristics was basically in place.The rule of law was effectively implemented as a fundamental principle.Reform of the government administration system and the judicial system continued to deepen.A new situation was created in cultural development.Efforts to establish the system of socialist core values made steady headway and marked achievements were scored in the Project to Study and Develop Marxist Theory.Extensive efforts were made to raise ideological and ethical standards and the whole of society became more culturally advanced.Cultural restructuring made important progress, cultural programs and the cultural industry developed rapidly，港澳工作和對臺工作進一步加強。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩定，與內地經貿關系更加緊密。兩岸政黨交流成功開啟，人員往來和經濟文化交流達到新水平。制定反分裂國家法，堅決維護國家主權和領土完整。

全方位外交取得重大進展。堅持獨立自主的和平外交政策，各項外交工作積極開展，同各國的交流合作廣泛加強，在國際事務中發揮重要建設性作用，為全面建設小康社會爭取了良好國際環境。黨的建設新的偉大工程扎實推進。黨的執政能力建設和先進性建設深入進行。理論創新和理論武裝卓有成效。保持共產黨員先進性教育活動取得重大成果。黨內民主不斷擴大。領導班子和干部隊伍建設特別是干部教育培訓取得重要進展，人才工作進一步加強，干部人事制度改革和組織制度創新不斷深入。黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭成效明顯。

在看到成績的同時，也要清醒認識到，我們的工作與人民的期待還有不小差距，前進中還面臨不少困難和問題，突出的是：經濟增長的資源環境代價過大；城鄉、區域、經濟社會發展仍然不平衡；農業穩定發展和農民持續增收難度加大；勞動就業、社會保障、收入分配、教育衛生、居民住房、安全生產、司法和社會治安等方面關系群眾切身利益的問題仍然較多，部分低收入群眾生活比較困難；思想道德建設有待加強；黨的執政能力同新形勢新任務不完全適應，對改革發展穩定一些重大實際問題的調查研究不夠深入；一些基層黨組織軟弱渙散；少數黨員干部作風不正，形式主義、官僚主義問題比較突出，奢侈浪費、消極腐敗現象仍然比較嚴重。我們要高度重視這些問題，繼續認真加以解決。

總起來說，這五年，是改革開放和全面建設小康社會取得重大進展的五年，是

十七大報告全文英漢對照 and the people enjoyed a richer cultural life.Fresh progress was made inpublic fitness programs and competitive sports.Social development proceeded in an all-round way.Education of various kinds and at different levels developed rapidly.Free compulsory education was made available in all rural areas.More job opportunities were created.The social security system was strengthened.The battle against SARS came to a great victory.The public health system and basic medical care constantly improved, contributing to better health of the people.Social management improved step by step.Social stability was ensured and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.Historic achievements were scored in the development of national defense and the armed forces.The revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics was accelerated.The armed forces were reduced by 200,000 troops.Efforts were intensified in all respects to make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized, which notably increased their capacity to accomplish their historical missions at this new stage in the new century.Work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan affairs was intensified.Hong Kong and Macao maintained their prosperity and stability and developed closer economic partnership with the mainland.Political parties on both sides of the Taiwan Straits started communication, and cross-Straits visits as well as economic and cultural exchanges reached a new high.The Anti-Secession Law was enacted to resolutely safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity.Major progress was made in all-directional diplomacy.Pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace, China energetically carried out diplomatic activities, enhanced exchanges and cooperation with other countries in various fields and played a major constructive role in international affairs.This created a favorable international environment for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The great new undertaking to build the Party made solid progress.Endeavors to strengthen the Party's

我國綜合國力大幅提升和人民得到更多實惠的五年，是我國國際地位和影響顯著提高的五年，是黨的創造力、凝聚力、戰斗力明顯增強和全黨全國各族人民團結更加緊密的五年。實踐充分證明，十六大和十六大以來中央作出的各項重大決策是完全正確的。

五年來的成就，是全黨全國各族人民共同奮斗的結果。我代表中共中央，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞和臺灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向一切關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國朋友，表示衷心的

十七大報告全文英漢對照 governance capability and vanguard nature were intensified.Efforts to make theoretical innovations and arm Party members with the achievements proved successful.The campaign to educate Party members to preserve their vanguard nature yielded substantial results.Intra-Party democracy continued to expand.Major headway was made in strengthening the Party's leading bodies and the ranks of its cadres, and especially in educating and training cadres.Work in relation to talented personnel was strengthened.Efforts were stepped up to reform the cadre and personnel system and make innovations in the organizational system.Remarkable results were achieved in improving the Party's style of work, upholding integrity and combating corruption.While recognizing our achievements, we must be well aware that they still fall short of the expectations of the people and that there are still quite a few difficulties and problems on our way forward.The outstanding ones include the following: Our economic growth is realized at an excessively high cost of resources and the environment.There remains an imbalance in development between urban and rural areas, among regions, and between the economy and society.It has become more difficult to bring about a steady growth of agriculture and continued increase in farmers' incomes.There are still many problems affecting people's immediate interests in areas such as employment, social security, income distribution, education, public health, housing, work safety, administration of justice and public order;and some low-income people lead a rather difficult life.More efforts are needed to promote ideological and ethical progress.The governance capability of the Party falls somewhat short of the need to deal with the new situation and tasks.In-depth investigations and studies have yet to be conducted on some major practical issues related to reform, development and stability.Some primary Party organizations are weak and lax.A small number of Party cadres are not honest and upright, their formalism and bureaucratism are quite conspicuous, and extravagance, waste, corruption and other undesirable behavior are still serious problems with them.We must pay close

十七大報告全文英漢對照 attention to these problems and continue our efforts to solve them.To sum up, the past five years was a period in which substantial progress was made in reform, opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this period, China's overall strength grew considerably and the people enjoyed more tangible benefits.China's international standing and influence rose notably.The creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness of the Party increased significantly, and the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups became more united.Facts have proved that the major policy decisions made by the Central Committee at and since the Sixteenth Congress are perfectly correct.Our achievements over the past five years are attributed to the concerted efforts of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.On behalf of the Central Committee, I wish to express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, the democratic parties, people's organizations and patriots from all walks of life, to our compatriots in the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao and in Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese nationals, and to our foreign friends who care about and support China's modernization drive！

II.The Great Historical Course of Reform and Opening Up We will soon be celebrating the 30th anniversary of the start of reform and opening up.In 1978, the Party held the historic Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, which ushered in the new historical period of reform and opening up.Since then, the Chinese Communists and the Chinese people have, in an indomitable enterprising spirit and with their spectacular practice of innovation, composed a new epic recounting the Chinese nation's ceaseless efforts to make progress and become stronger, and historic changes have taken place in the visages of the Chinese people, socialist China and the CPC.Reform and opening up represent a great new revolution carried on by the people under the Party's leadership in a new era to release and develop the

二、改革開放的偉大歷史進程

我們即將迎來改革開放三十周年。一九七八年，我們黨召開具有重大歷史意義的十一屆三中全會，開啟了改革開放歷史新時期。從那時以來，中國共產黨人和中國人民以一往無前的進取精神和波瀾壯闊的創新實踐，譜寫了中華民族自強不息、頑強奮進新的壯麗史詩，中國人民的面貌、社會主義中國的面貌、中國共產黨的面貌發生了歷史性變化。

改革開放是黨在新的時代條件下帶領人民進行的新的偉大革命，目的就是要解放和發展社會生產力，實現國家現代

十七大報告全文英漢對照 productive forces, modernize the country, bring prosperity to the Chinese people and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation;to promote the self-improvement and development of China's socialist system, inject new vitality into socialism, and build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics;and to improve the building of the Party as it leads contemporary China in development and progress, preserve and enhance its vanguard nature, and ensure that it is always in the forefront of the times.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was conducted on a foundation laid by the Party's first generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Mao Zedong at its core, which founded Mao Zedong Thought, led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in establishing the People's Republic and scoring great achievements in our socialist revolution and construction, and gained invaluable experience in its painstaking exploration for laws governing socialist construction.The victory in the new-democratic revolution and the establishment of the basic system of socialism provided the fundamental political prerequisite and institutional basis for every inch of development and progress in contemporary China.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was initiated by the Party's second generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Deng Xiaoping at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in the endeavor.In a precarious situation left by the “cultural revolution”(1966-76), the second generation of central collective leadership, persisting in emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts and displaying immense political and theoretical courage, made a scientific appraisal of Comrade Mao Zedong and Mao Zedong Thought, thoroughly repudiated the erroneous theory and practice of “taking class struggle as the key link,” and made the historic policy decision to shift the focus of the work of the Party and the state onto economic development and introduce reform and opening up.It established the basic line for the primary stage of socialism, sounded the clarion call of the times for taking our own

化，讓中國人民富裕起來，振興偉大的中華民族；就是要推動我國社會主義制度自我完善和發展，賦予社會主義新的生機活力，建設和發展中國特色社會主義；就是要在引領當代中國發展進步中加強和改進黨的建設，保持和發展黨的先進性，確保黨始終走在時代前列。

我們要永遠銘記，改革開放偉大事業，是在以毛澤東同志為核心的黨的第一代中央領導集體創立毛澤東思想，帶領全黨全國各族人民建立新中國、取得社會主義革命和建設偉大成就以及艱辛探索社會主義建設規律取得寶貴經驗的基礎上進行的。新民主主義革命的勝利，社會主義基本制度的建立，為當代中國一切發展進步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎。

我們要永遠銘記，改革開放偉大事業，是以鄧小平同志為核心的黨的第二代中央領導集體帶領全黨全國各族人民開創的。面對十年“文化大革命”造成的危難局面，黨的第二代中央領導集體堅持解放思想、實事求是，以巨大的政治勇氣和理論勇氣，科學評價毛澤東同志和毛澤東思想，徹底否定“以階級斗爭為綱”的錯誤理論和實踐，作出把黨和國家工作中心轉移到經濟建設上來、實行改革開放的歷史性決策，確立社會主義初級階段基本路線，吹響走自己的路、建設中國特色社會主義的時代號角，創立鄧小平理論，指引全黨全國各族人民在改革開放的偉大征程上闊步前進。

我們要永遠銘記，改革開放偉大事業，是以江澤民同志為核心的黨的第三代中央領導集體帶領全黨全國各族人民繼承、發展并成功推向二十一世紀的。從十三屆四中全會到十六大，受命于重大歷史關頭的黨的第三代中央領導集

十七大報告全文英漢對照 road and building socialism with Chinese characteristics, founded Deng Xiaoping Theory, and led the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups in striding forward on the great journey of reform and opening up.We must never forget that the great cause of reform and opening up was carried on, developed and successfully carried into the 21st century by the Party's third generation of central collective leadership with Comrade Jiang Zemin at its core leading the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups on this mission.From the Fourth Plenary Session of the Thirteenth Central Committee through the Sixteenth Congress, the third generation of central collective leadership, which took over the helm at a critical historical juncture, held high the great banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory, pressed ahead with reform and opening up and kept up with the times.Relying on the Party and the people, it stood the severe tests of political turbulences and economic risks at home and abroad, safeguarded socialism with Chinese characteristics, initiated the new, socialist market economy and ushered in a new phase of all-round opening up;and it advanced the great new undertaking to build the Party, founded the important thought of Three Represents, and steered the ship of reform and opening up forward on the right course.Since the Sixteenth Congress, we have followed the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, kept up with new developments and changes in and outside China, grasped the strategic opportunities in this important period, promoted the truth-seeking, pragmatic and pioneering spirit and persisted in innovation in both theory and practice.We have worked hard to promote scientific development and social harmony, improved the socialist market economy, and resolutely carried forward the great cause of reform and opening up in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Reform and opening up constitute the most salient feature of the new period.From the countryside to the cities and from the economic to other areas, the process of sweeping reform has unfolded with

體，高舉鄧小平理論偉大旗幟，堅持改革開放、與時俱進，在國內外政治**、經濟風險等嚴峻考驗面前，依靠黨和人民，捍衛中國特色社會主義，創建社會主義市場經濟新體制，開創全面開放新局面，推進黨的建設新的偉大工程，創立“三個代表”重要思想，繼續引領改革開放的航船沿著正確方向破浪前進。

十六大以來，我們以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，順應國內外形勢發展變化，抓住重要戰略機遇期，發揚求真務實、開拓進取精神，堅持理論創新和實踐創新，著力推動科學發展、促進社會和諧，完善社會主義市場經濟體制，在全面建設小康社會實踐中堅定不移地把改革開放偉大事業繼續推向前進。

新時期最鮮明的特點是改革開放。從農村到城市、從經濟領域到其他各個領域，全面改革的進程勢不可當地展開了；從沿海到沿江沿邊，從東部到中西部，對外開放的大門毅然決然地打開了。這場歷史上從未有過的大改革大開放，極大地調動了億萬人民的積極性，使我國成功實現了從高度集中的計劃經濟體制到充滿活力的社會主義市場經濟體制、從封閉半封閉到全方位開放的偉大歷史轉折。今天，一個面向現代化、面向世界、面向未來的社會主義中國巍然屹立在世界東方。

新時期最顯著的成就是快速發展。我們黨實施現代化建設“三步走”戰略，帶領人民艱苦奮斗，推動我國以世界上少有的速度持續快速發展起來。我國經濟從一度瀕于崩潰的邊緣發展到總量躍至世界第四、進出口總額位居世界第三，人民生活從溫飽不足發展到總體小康，農村貧困人口從兩億五千多萬減少到

十七大報告全文英漢對照 irresistible momentum.From the coastal areas to areas along the Yangtze River and the borders, and from the eastern to the central and western regions, the door has been resolutely opened to the outside world.This great undertaking of reform and opening up, never seen before in history, has greatly stimulated the enthusiasm of hundreds of millions of Chinese people and brought about China's historic transformation from a highly centralized planned economy to a robust socialist market economy, and from a closed or semi-closed state to all-round opening up.Today socialist China is standing rock-firm in the East, oriented toward modernization, the world and the future.Rapid development represents the most remarkable achievement in the new period.The Party has been implementing the three-step strategy for modernization, leading the people in working hard to promote China's sustained rapid development at a rate rarely seen in the world.China's economy, once on the verge of collapse, has grown to rank as the fourth largest in the world, and its import and export volume, the third biggest.The Chinese people, once inadequately fed and clad, are leading a fairly comfortable life on the whole.The impoverished population in rural areas has dropped from more than 250 million to just over 20 million.The country's achievements in political, cultural and social development have captured world attention.China's development has not only enabled its people to move steadily toward prosperity and happiness, but also contributed substantially to the growth of the world economy and the progress of human civilization.Keeping up with the times is the most prominent hallmark of the new period.Adhering to the Marxist ideological line, the Party has been constantly seeking answers to major theoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it.The Party has been constantly adapting Marxism to conditions in China, and adhering to and enriching its own basic theory, line, program and experience.Socialism and Marxism have shown great

兩千多萬，政治建設、文化建設、社會建設取得舉世矚目的成就。中國的發展，不僅使中國人民穩定地走上了富裕安康的廣闊道路，而且為世界經濟發展和人類文明進步作出了重大貢獻。

新時期最突出的標志是與時俱進。我們黨堅持馬克思主義的思想路線，不斷探索和回答什么是社會主義、怎樣建設社會主義，建設什么樣的黨、怎樣建設黨，實現什么樣的發展、怎樣發展等重大理論和實際問題，不斷推進馬克思主義中國化，堅持并豐富黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本綱領、基本經驗。社會主義和馬克思主義在中國大地上煥發出勃勃生機，給人民帶來更多福祉，使中華民族大踏步趕上時代前進潮流、迎來偉大復興的光明前景。

事實雄辯地證明，改革開放是決定當代中國命運的關鍵抉擇，是發展中國特色社會主義、實現中華民族偉大復興的必由之路；只有社會主義才能救中國，只有改革開放才能發展中國、發展社會主義、發展馬克思主義。

改革開放作為一場新的偉大革命，不可能一帆風順，也不可能一蹴而就。最根本的是，改革開放符合黨心民心、順應時代潮流，方向和道路是完全正確的，成效和功績不容否定，停頓和倒退沒有出路。

在改革開放的歷史進程中，我們黨把堅持馬克思主義基本原理同推進馬克思主義中國化結合起來，把堅持四項基本原則同堅持改革開放結合起來，把尊重人民首創精神同加強和改善黨的領導結合起來，把堅持社會主義基本制度同發展市場經濟結合起來，把推動經濟基礎變革同推動上層建筑改革結合起來，把發展社會生產力同提高全民族文明素質結合起來，把提高效率同促進社會公平結合起來，把堅持獨立自主同參與經濟全球化結合起來，把促進改革發展

十七大報告全文英漢對照 vitality on Chinese soil, brought more benefits to the people, and enabled the Chinese nation to catch up with the trend of the times in great strides and see the bright future of national rejuvenation.Facts have incontrovertibly proved that the decision to begin reform and opening up is vital to the destiny of contemporary China, that reform and opening up are the only way of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and rejuvenating the Chinese nation, that only socialism can save China and that only reform and opening up can develop China, socialism and Marxism.As a great new revolution, reform and opening up are not to be plain sailing or be accomplished overnight.Essentially they accord with the aspirations of the Party membership and the people and keep up with the trend of the times.The orientation and path of reform and opening up are entirely correct, and their merits and achievements can never be negated.To stop or reverse reform and opening up would only lead to a blind alley.In the historical course of reform and opening up, the Party has combined adhering to the basic tenets of Marxism with adapting it to Chinese conditions, upholding the Four Cardinal Principles with adhering to the reform and opening up policy, respecting the people's pioneering initiative with strengthening the Party's leadership, adhering to the basic system of socialism with developing the market economy, effecting changes in the economic base with promoting reform of the superstructure, developing the productive forces with improving the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation, raising efficiency with promoting social equity, pursuing independent development with taking part in economic globalization, promoting reform and development with maintaining social stability, and advancing the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics with making progress in the great new undertaking to build the Party.In this course the Party has gained invaluable experience in eliminating poverty, accelerating modernization, and consolidating and developing socialism in a large developing country of over one billion people.同保持社會穩定結合起來，把推進中國特色社會主義偉大事業同推進黨的建設新的偉大工程結合起來，取得了我們這樣一個十幾億人口的發展中大國擺脫貧困、加快實現現代化、鞏固和發展社會主義的寶貴經驗。

改革開放以來我們取得一切成績和進步的根本原因，歸結起來就是：開辟了中國特色社會主義道路，形成了中國特色社會主義理論體系。高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，最根本的就是要堅持這條道路和這個理論體系。

中國特色社會主義道路，就是在中國共產黨領導下，立足基本國情，以經濟建設為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，解放和發展社會生產力，鞏固和完善社會主義制度，建設社會主義市場經濟、社會主義民主政治、社會主義先進文化、社會主義和諧社會，建設富強民主文明和諧的社會主義現代化國家。中國特色社會主義道路之所以完全正確、之所以能夠引領中國發展進步，關鍵在于我們既堅持了科學社會主義的基本原則，又根據我國實際和時代特征賦予其鮮明的中國特色。在當代中國，堅持中國特色社會主義道路，就是真正堅持社會主義。

中國特色社會主義理論體系，就是包括鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想以及科學發展觀等重大戰略思想在內的科學理論體系。這個理論體系，堅持和發展了馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想，凝結了幾代中國共產黨人帶領人民不懈探索實踐的智慧和心血，是馬克思主義中國化最新成果，是黨最可寶貴的政治和精神財富，是全國各族人民團結奮斗的共同思想基礎。中國特色社會主義理論體系是不斷發展的開放的理論體系。《共產黨宣言》發表以來近一百六十年

十七大報告全文英漢對照 To sum up, the fundamental reason behind all our achievements and progress since the reform and opening up policy was introduced is that we have blazed a path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and established a system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Essentially, to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics means to keep to this path and uphold this system.Taking the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics means we will, under the leadership of the CPC and in light of China's basic conditions, take economic development as the central task, adhere to the Four Cardinal Principles and persevere in reform and opening up, release and develop the productive forces, consolidate and improve the socialist system, develop the socialist market economy, socialist democracy, an advanced socialist culture and a harmonious socialist society, and make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced and harmonious modern socialist country.The main reason this path is completely correct and can lead China to development and progress is that we have adhered to the basic tenets of scientific socialism and in the meantime added to them distinct Chinese characteristics in light of China's conditions and the features of the times.In contemporary China, to stay true to socialism means to keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics constitute a system of scientific theories including Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development and other major strategic thoughts.This system represents the Party's adherence to and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and embodies the wisdom and hard work of several generations of Chinese Communists leading the people in carrying out tireless explorations and practices.It is the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, the Party's invaluable political and intellectual asset, and the common ideological foundation for the concerted endeavor of the people of all ethnic groups.It is an open system that keeps developing.Practices since the publication 的實踐證明，馬克思主義只有與本國國情相結合、與時代發展同進步、與人民群眾共命運，才能煥發出強大的生命力、創造力、感召力。在當代中國，堅持中國特色社會主義理論體系，就是真正堅持馬克思主義。

實踐永無止境，創新永無止境。全黨同志要倍加珍惜、長期堅持和不斷發展黨歷經艱辛開創的中國特色社會主義道路和中國特色社會主義理論體系，堅持解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進，勇于變革、勇于創新，永不僵化、永不停滯，不為任何風險所懼，不被任何干擾所惑，使中國特色社會主義道路越走越寬廣，讓當代中國馬克思主義放射出更加燦爛的真理光芒。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 of the Communist Manifesto nearly 160 years ago have proved that only when Marxism is integrated with the conditions of a specific country, advances in step with the times and is tied to the destiny of the people can it demonstrate its strong vitality, creativity and appeal.In contemporary China, to stay true to Marxism means to adhere to the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics.There is no end to practice or innovation.All Party members must cherish the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, which the Party explored and created after going through all the hardships, keep to the path and uphold the system for a long time to come and constantly develop them.We must continue to emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts, keep up with the times, make bold changes and innovations, stay away from rigidity or stagnation, fear no risks, never be confused by any interference, broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and ensure that the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shines even more brightly.III.Thoroughly Applying the Scientific Outlook on Development To continue to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics at the new stage of development, we must follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.The Scientific Outlook on Development is a continuation and development of the important thoughts on development advanced by the previous three generations of central collective leadership of the CPC and a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development.It is a scientific theory that is in the same line as Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents and keeps up with the times.It is an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development and a major strategic thought that

三、深入貫徹落實科學發展觀

在新的發展階段繼續全面建設小康社會、發展中國特色社會主義，必須堅持以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，深入貫徹落實科學發展觀。

科學發展觀，是對黨的三代中央領導集體關于發展的重要思想的繼承和發展，是馬克思主義關于發展的世界觀和方法論的集中體現，是同馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想既一脈相承又與時俱進的科學理論，是我國經濟社會發展的重要指導方針，是發展中國特色社會主義必須堅持和貫徹的重大戰略思想。

科學發展觀，是立足社會主義初級階段基本國情，總結我國發展實踐，借鑒國

十七大報告全文英漢對照 we must uphold and apply in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.In light of the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism, the Scientific Outlook on Development has been formulated to meet new requirements of development by analyzing China's own practice and drawing on the experience of other countries in development.At this new stage in the new century, China's development shows a series of new features which are mainly as follows: The economic strength has increased markedly, but the overall productivity remains low, the capacity for independent innovation is weak, and the longstanding structural problems and the extensive mode of growth are yet to be fundamentally addressed.The socialist market economy is basically in place, but there remain structural and institutional obstacles slowing down development, and further reform in difficult areas is confronted with deep-seated problems.A relatively comfortable standard of living has been achieved for the people as a whole, butthe trend of a growing gap in income distribution has not been thoroughly reversed, there are still a considerable number of impoverished and low-income people in both urban and rural areas, and it has become more difficult to accommodate the interests of all sides.Efforts to balance development have yielded remarkable results, but the foundation of agriculture remains weak, the rural areas still lag behind in development, and we face an arduous task to narrow the urban-rural and interregional gaps in development and promote balanced economic and social development.Socialist democracy has continued to develop and we have made steady progress in implementing the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but efforts to improve democracy and the legal system fall somewhat short of the need to expand people's democracy and promote economic and social development, and political restructuring has to be deepened.Socialist culture is thriving as never before, but the people have growing cultural needs and have become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking, setting higher requirements for the development of an advanced socialist culture.Our society has become

外發展經驗，適應新的發展要求提出來的。進入新世紀新階段，我國發展呈現一系列新的階段性特征，主要是：經濟實力顯著增強，同時生產力水平總體上還不高，自主創新能力還不強，長期形成的結構性矛盾和粗放型增長方式尚未根本改變；社會主義市場經濟體制初步建立，同時影響發展的體制機制障礙依然存在，改革攻堅面臨深層次矛盾和問題；人民生活總體上達到小康水平，同時收入分配差距拉大趨勢還未根本扭轉，城鄉貧困人口和低收入人口還有相當數量，統籌兼顧各方面利益難度加大；協調發展取得顯著成績，同時農業基礎薄弱、農村發展滯后的局面尚未改變，縮小城鄉、區域發展差距和促進經濟社會協調發展任務艱巨；社會主義民主政治不斷發展、依法治國基本方略扎實貫徹，同時民主法制建設與擴大人民民主和經濟社會發展的要求還不完全適應，政治體制改革需要繼續深化；社會主義文化更加繁榮，同時人民精神文化需求日趨旺盛，人們思想活動的獨立性、選擇性、多變性、差異性明顯增強，對發展社會主義先進文化提出了更高要求；社會活力顯著增強，同時社會結構、社會組織形式、社會利益格局發生深刻變化，社會建設和管理面臨諸多新課題；對外開放日益擴大，同時面臨的國際競爭日趨激烈，發達國家在經濟科技上占優勢的壓力長期存在，可以預見和難以預見的風險增多，統籌國內發展和對外開放要求更高。

這些情況表明，經過新中國成立以來特別是改革開放以來的不懈努力，我國取

十七大報告全文英漢對照 evidently more dynamic, but profound changes have taken place in the structure of society, in the way society is organized and in the pattern of social interests, and many new issues have emerged in social development and management.China is opening wider to the outside world, but international competition is becoming increasingly acute, pressure in the form of the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come, both predictable and unpredictable risks are increasing, and the need to balance domestic development and opening to the outside world is greater than ever.All this shows that through the unremitting efforts we have made since the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, particularly since the introduction of the reform and opening up policy, China has scored achievements in development that have captured world attention, and experienced far-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure.However, the basic reality that China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come has not changed, nor has Chinese society's principal contradictionWe must regard development as the top priority of the Party in governing and rejuvenating the country.Development is of decisive significance for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and speeding up socialist modernization.We must firmly commit ourselves to the central task of economic development, concentrate on construction and development, and keep releasing and developing the productive forces.We must better implementthe strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the nation with trained personnel and the strategy of sustainable development.We must grasp the law of development, make innovations in our thinking, transform the mode of development, crack hard issues and raise quality and efficiency to achieve sound and rapid development, so that we can lay a solid foundation for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must strive for scientific development by putting people first and making it comprehensive, balanced and sustainable;we must strive for harmonious development by integrating all undertakings and promoting unity and amity among all members of society;and we must strive for peaceful development in the course of which China develops itself by safeguarding world peace and contributes to world peace by developing itself.We must pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.In accordance with the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, we will promote all-round economic, political, cultural and social development, coordinate all links and aspects of our modernization drive, and balance the relations of production with the productive forces and the superstructure with the economic base.We must adopt an enlightened approach to development that results in expanded production, a better life and sound ecological and environmental conditions, and build a resource-conserving and environment-friendly society that coordinates growth rate with the economic structure, quality and efficiency, and harmonizes economic growth with the population, resources and the environment, so that our people will live and work under sound ecological and environmental conditions and our economy and society will develop in a sustainable way.Promote balanced development to ensure sound and rapid economic growth.The development pattern will be significantly transformed.We will quadruple the per capita GDP of the year 2000 by 2020 through optimizing the economic structure and improving economic returns while reducing consumption of resources and protecting the environment.The socialist market economy will be improved.We will greatly enhance our capacity for independent innovation, enabling scientific and technological advancement to contribute much more to economic growth and making China an innovative country.The

四、實現全面建設小康社會奮斗目標的新要求

我們已經朝著十六大確立的全面建設小康社會的目標邁出了堅實步伐，今后要繼續努力奮斗，確保到二０二０年實現全面建成小康社會的奮斗目標。我們必須適應國內外形勢的新變化，順應各族人民過上更好生活的新期待，把握經濟社會發展趨勢和規律，堅持中國特色社會主義經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設的基本目標和基本政策構成的基本綱領，在十六大確立的全面建設小康社會目標的基礎上對我國發展提出新的更高要求。

——增強發展協調性，努力實現經濟又好又快發展。轉變發展方式取得重大進展，在優化結構、提高效益、降低消耗、保護環境的基礎上，實現人均國內生產總值到二０二０年比二０００年翻兩番。社會主義市場經濟體制更加完善。自主創新能力顯著提高，科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率大幅上升，進入創新型國家行列。居民消費率穩步提高，形成消費、投資、出口協調拉動的增長格局。城鄉、區域協調互動發展機制和主體功能區布局基本形成。社會主義新農村建設取得重大進展。城鎮人口比重明顯增加。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 ratio of consumption to GDP will increase steadily, and consumption, investment and export will be coordinated to boost economic growth.A mechanism for urban and rural areas and for different regions to have balanced and interactive development and a layout of development priority zones will be basically in place.Efforts to build a new socialist countryside will make significant headway.The proportion of urban residents will notably increase.Promote cultural development and notably enhance the cultural and ethical quality of the whole nation.Socialist core values will prevail among the people, and fine ideological and ethical trends will be encouraged.A basic system of public cultural services will cover the whole society, the cultural industry will account for much more of the national economy and become more competitive internationally, and a more abundant supply of cultural products will be available to meet the people's needs.Promote a conservation culture by basically forming an energy-and resource-efficient and environment-friendly structure of industries, pattern of growth and mode of consumption.We will have a large-scale circular economy and considerably increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in total energy consumption.The discharge of major pollutants will be brought under effective control and the ecological and environmental quality will improve notably.Awareness of conservation will be firmly established in the whole of society.When the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects is attained by 2020, China, a large developing socialist country with an ancient civilization, will have basically accomplished industrialization, with its overall strength significantly increased and its domestic market ranking as one of the largest in the world.It will be a country whose people are better off and enjoy markedly improved quality of life and a good environment.Its citizens will have more extensive democratic rights, show higher ethical standards and look forward to greater cultural achievements.China will have better institutions in all areas and Chinese society will have greater vitality coupled with stability and unity.The country will be still more open and friendly to the outside world and make greater contributions to human civilization.The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We must enhance our confidence and work hard to lay a more solid foundation for success in building a moderately prosperous society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people.V.Promoting Sound and Rapid Development of the National Economy To attain the objectives for economic development, it is essential to significantly accelerate the transformation of the development pattern and improve the socialist

到二０二０年全面建設小康社會目標實現之時，我們這個歷史悠久的文明古國和發展中社會主義大國，將成為工業化基本實現、綜合國力顯著增強、國內市場總體規模位居世界前列的國家，成為人民富裕程度普遍提高、生活質量明顯改善、生態環境良好的國家，成為人民享有更加充分民主權利、具有更高文明素質和精神追求的國家，成為各方面制度更加完善、社會更加充滿活力而又安定團結的國家，成為對外更加開放、更加具有親和力、為人類文明作出更大貢獻的國家。

今后五年是全面建設小康社會的關鍵時期。我們要堅定信心，埋頭苦干，為全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會打下更加牢固的基礎。

五、促進國民經濟又好又快發展

實現未來經濟發展目標，關鍵要在加快轉變經濟發展方式、完善社會主義市場經濟體制方面取得重大進展。要大力推進經濟結構戰略性調整，更加注重提高

十七大報告全文英漢對照 market economy.We need to vigorously push forward strategic economic restructuring and make greater efforts to improve China's capacity for independent innovation as well as energy and environmental conservation, and to enhance the overall quality of the economy and its international competitiveness.We need to deepen our understanding of the laws governing the socialist market economy, introduce institutions to give better play to the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, and form a system of macroeconomic regulation conducive to scientific development.1.Enhance China's capacity for independent innovation and make China an innovative country.This is the core of our national development strategy and a crucial link in enhancing the overall national strength.We need to keep to the path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics and improve our capacity for independent innovation in all areas of modernization.We need to conscientiously implement the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development(2006-20), increase spending on independent innovation, and make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to our economic and social development.We will speed up forming a national innovation system and support basic research, research in frontier technology and technological research for public welfare.We will step up our efforts to establish a market-oriented system for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes, and guide and support the concentration of factors of innovation in enterprises, thereby promoting the translation of scientific and technological advances into practical productive forces.We will deepen reform of the system for managing science and technology, optimize the allocation of relevant resources, and improve the legal guarantee, policy system, incentive mechanism and market conditions to encourage technological innovation and the application of scientific and technological achievements in production.We will implement the strategy for

自主創新能力、提高節能環保水平、提高經濟整體素質和國際競爭力。要深化對社會主義市場經濟規律的認識，從制度上更好發揮市場在資源配置中的基礎性作用，形成有利于科學發展的宏觀調控體系。

（一）提高自主創新能力，建設創新型國家。這是國家發展戰略的核心，是提高綜合國力的關鍵。要堅持走中國特色自主創新道路，把增強自主創新能力貫徹到現代化建設各個方面。認真落實國家中長期科學和技術發展規劃綱要，加大對自主創新投入，著力突破制約經濟社會發展的關鍵技術。加快建設國家創新體系，支持基礎研究、前沿技術研究、社會公益性技術研究。加快建立以企業為主體、市場為導向、產學研相結合的技術創新體系，引導和支持創新要素向企業集聚，促進科技成果向現實生產力轉化。深化科技管理體制改革，優化科技資源配置，完善鼓勵技術創新和科技成果產業化的法制保障、政策體系、激勵機制、市場環境。實施知識產權戰略。充分利用國際科技資源。進一步營造鼓勵創新的環境，努力造就世界一流科學家和科技領軍人才，注重培養一線的創新人才，使全社會創新智慧競相迸發、各方面創新人才大量涌現。

（二）加快轉變經濟發展方式，推動產業結構優化升級。這是關系國民經濟全局緊迫而重大的戰略任務。要堅持走中

十七大報告全文英漢對照 intellectual property rights.We will make the best use of international resources of science and technology.We will continue to create conditions conducive to innovation, work to train world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research, attach great importance to training innovative personnel in the frontline of production, inspire the creative wisdom of the whole society and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel in all areas.2.Accelerate transformation of the mode of economic development and promote upgrading of the industrial structure.This is a pressing strategic task vital to the national economy as a whole.We must keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics, pursue the policy of boosting domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, and propel three transitions in the mode of economic growth: the transition from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on a well coordinated combination of consumption, investment and export, the transition from secondary industry serving as the major driving force to primary, secondary and tertiary industries jointly driving economic growth, and the transition from relying heavily on increased consumption of material resources to relying mainly on advances in science and technology, improvement in the quality of the workforce and innovation in management.We will develop amodern industrial system, integrate IT application with industrialization, push our large industries to grow stronger, invigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, and eliminate outdated production capacities.We will upgrade new-and high-technology industries and develop information, biotechnology, new materials, aerospace, marine and other industries.We will develop the modern service industry and raise the level of the service sector and its share in the economy.We will step up efforts to improve basic industries and infrastructure and accelerate development of a modern energy industry and a comprehensive transport system.We will ensure the quality and safety of products.We will encourage formation of internationally competitive conglomerates.3.Balance urban and rural development and build a

國特色新型工業化道路，堅持擴大國內需求特別是消費需求的方針，促進經濟增長由主要依靠投資、出口拉動向依靠消費、投資、出口協調拉動轉變，由主要依靠第二產業帶動向依靠第一、第二、第三產業協同帶動轉變，由主要依靠增加物質資源消耗向主要依靠科技進步、勞動者素質提高、管理創新轉變。發展現代產業體系，大力推進信息化與工業化融合，促進工業由大變強，振興裝備制造業，淘汰落后生產能力；提升高新技術產業，發展信息、生物、新材料、航空航天、海洋等產業；發展現代服務業，提高服務業比重和水平；加強基礎產業基礎設施建設，加快發展現代能源產業和綜合運輸體系。確保產品質量和安全。鼓勵發展具有國際競爭力的大企業集團。

（三）統籌城鄉發展，推進社會主義新農村建設。解決好農業、農村、農民問題，事關全面建設小康社會大局，必須始終作為全黨工作的重中之重。要加強農業基礎地位，走中國特色農業現代化道路，建立以工促農、以城帶鄉長效機制，形成城鄉經濟社會發展一體化新格局。堅持把發展現代農業、繁榮農村經濟作為首要任務，加強農村基礎設施建設，健全農村市場和農業服務體系。加大支農惠農政策力度，嚴格保護耕地，增加農業投入，促進農業科技進步，增強農業綜合生產能力，確保國家糧食安全。加強動植物疫病防控，提高農產品質量安全水平。以促進農民增收為核心，發展鄉鎮企業，壯大縣域經濟，多渠道轉移農民就業。提高扶貧開發水平。深化農村綜合改革，推進農村金融體制改革和創新，改革集體林權制度。堅持農村基本經營制度，穩定和完善土

十七大報告全文英漢對照 new socialist countryside.As resolution of issues concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers has an overall impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must always make it a top priority in the work of the whole Party.We will strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the national economy, take a path of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics,set up a permanent mechanism of industry promoting agriculture and urban areas helping rural areas, and form a new pattern that integrates economic and social development in urban and rural areas.We will continue to take developing modern agriculture and invigorating the rural economy as a primary task, strengthen infrastructure in rural areas, and improve the system of rural markets and that of services for agriculture.We will increase policy measures to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers, strictly protect arable land, increase spending on agriculture, promote advances in agriculture-related science and technology, and improve overall agricultural production capacity to ensure food security for the nation.We will intensify efforts to prevent and control animal and plant epidemic diseases and improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.To increase farmers' income, we will develop rural enterprises, expand county economies, and transfer rural labor out of farming through various channels.We will enhance poverty reduction through development.We will deepen the comprehensive rural reform, promote reform and innovation in the rural banking system, and reform the system of collective forest rights.We will uphold the basic system for rural operations, stabilize and improve land contract relations, improve the market for transferring land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and on a voluntary and compensatory basis, and develop various forms of appropriate large-scale operations where conditions permit.We will explore effective forms of collective economic operations, develop specialized farmers' cooperatives, and support the industrialized operation of agriculture and the development of leading agribusinesses.We will train a new type of farmers

地承包關系，按照依法自愿有償原則，健全土地承包經營權流轉市場，有條件的地方可以發展多種形式的適度規模經營。探索集體經濟有效實現形式，發展農民專業合作組織，支持農業產業化經營和龍頭企業發展。培育有文化、懂技術、會經營的新型農民，發揮億萬農民建設新農村的主體作用。

（四）加強能源資源節約和生態環境保護，增強可持續發展能力。堅持節約資源和保護環境的基本國策，關系人民群眾切身利益和中華民族生存發展。必須把建設資源節約型、環境友好型社會放在工業化、現代化發展戰略的突出位置，落實到每個單位、每個家庭。要完善有利于節約能源資源和保護生態環境的法律和政策，加快形成可持續發展體制機制。落實節能減排工作責任制。開發和推廣節約、替代、循環利用和治理污染的先進適用技術，發展清潔能源和可再生能源，保護土地和水資源，建設科學合理的能源資源利用體系，提高能源資源利用效率。發展環保產業。加大節能環保投入，重點加強水、大氣、土壤等污染防治，改善城鄉人居環境。加強水利、林業、草原建設，加強荒漠化石漠化治理，促進生態修復。加強應對氣候變化能力建設，為保護全球氣候作出新貢獻。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 who are educated and understand both agricultural techniques and business management, and encourage hundreds of millions of farmers to play the major role in building a new countryside.4.Improve energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation and enhance China's capacity for sustainable development.Adhering to the basic state policy of conserving resources and the environment is vital to the immediate interests of the people and the survival and development of the Chinese nation.We must give prominence to building a resource-conserving, environment-friendly society in our strategy for industrialization and modernization and get every organization and family to act accordingly.We will improve laws and policies to promote energy, resources, ecological and environmental conservation, and speed up the formation of systems and mechanisms for sustainable development.We will implement the responsibility system for conserving energy and reducing emissions.We willdevelop and extend advanced and appropriate technologies for conserving, substituting and recycling energy and resources and for controlling pollution, develop clean and renewable energy sources, protect land and water resources and set up a scientific, rational system for using energy and resources more efficiently.We will develop environmental conservation industries.We will increase spending on energy and environmental conservation with the focus on intensifying prevention and control of water, air and soil pollution and improving the living environment for both urban and rural residents.We will improve water conservancy, forestry and grasslands, intensify efforts to bring desertification under control and prevent the spread of stony deserts, and promote restoration of the ecosystems.We will enhance our capacity to respond to climate change and make new contributions to protecting the global climate.5.Promote balanced development among regions and improve the pattern of land development.To narrow the gap in development among regions, we must work to ensure their equal access to basic public services and guide a rational flow of factors of production between regions.Following the general strategy for

（五）推動區域協調發展，優化國土開發格局。縮小區域發展差距，必須注重實現基本公共服務均等化，引導生產要素跨區域合理流動。要繼續實施區域發展總體戰略，深入推進西部大開發，全面振興東北地區等老工業基地，大力促進中部地區崛起，積極支持東部地區率先發展。加強國土規劃，按照形成主體功能區的要求，完善區域政策，調整經濟布局。遵循市場經濟規律，突破行政區劃界限，形成若干帶動力強、聯系緊密的經濟圈和經濟帶。重大項目布局要充分考慮支持中西部發展，鼓勵東部地區帶動和幫助中西部地區發展。加大對革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區發展扶持力度。幫助資源枯竭地區實現經濟轉型。更好發揮經濟特區、上海浦東新區、天津濱海新區在改革開放和自主創新中的重要作用。走中國特色城鎮化道路，按照統籌城鄉、布局合理、節約土地、功能完善、以大帶小的原則，促進大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展。以增強綜合承載能力為重點，以特大城市為依托，形成輻射作用大的城市群，培育新的經濟增長極。

（六）完善基本經濟制度，健全現代市場體系。堅持和完善公有制為主體、多種所有制經濟共同發展的基本經濟制度，毫不動搖地鞏固和發展公有制經濟，毫不動搖地鼓勵、支持、引導非公

十七大報告全文英漢對照 regional development, we will continue to carry out large-scale development of the western region, rejuvenate northeast China and other old industrial bases in an all-round way, boost the development of the central region and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will strengthen land planning, improve policies for regional development and adjust the geographical distribution of economic operations in accordance with the requirement to form development priority zones.In compliance with the laws governing the market economy, we will work beyond administrative divisions to form a number of close-knit economic rims and belts that will provide a strong impetus to the development of other areas.In locating major projects, we must give full consideration to supporting development of the central and western regions and encourage the eastern region to help them develop.We will give more support to the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic autonomous areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.We will help transform the economies of areas where natural resources are exhausted.We will have the special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin play a major role in reform, opening up and independent innovation.Taking a path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, we will promote balanced development of large, medium-sized and small cities and towns on the principle of balancing urban and rural development, ensuring rational distribution, saving land, providing a full range of functions and getting larger cities to help smaller ones.Focusing on increasing the overall carrying capacity of cities, we will form city clusters with mega cities as the core so that they can boost development in other areas and become new poles of economic growth.6.Improve the basic economic system and the modern market system.We need to uphold and improve the basic economic system in which public ownership is dominant and different economic sectors develop side by side, unwaveringly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public

有制經濟發展，堅持平等保護物權，形成各種所有制經濟平等競爭、相互促進新格局。深化國有企業公司制股份制改革，健全現代企業制度，優化國有經濟布局和結構，增強國有經濟活力、控制力、影響力。深化壟斷行業改革，引入競爭機制，加強政府監管和社會監督。加快建設國有資本經營預算制度。完善各類國有資產管理體制和制度。推進集體企業改革，發展多種形式的集體經濟、合作經濟。推進公平準入，改善融資條件，破除體制障礙，促進個體、私營經濟和中小企業發展。以現代產權制度為基礎，發展混合所有制經濟。加快形成統一開放競爭有序的現代市場體系，發展各類生產要素市場，完善反映市場供求關系、資源稀缺程度、環境損害成本的生產要素和資源價格形成機制，規范發展行業協會和市場中介組織，健全社會信用體系。

（七）深化財稅、金融等體制改革，完善宏觀調控體系。圍繞推進基本公共服務均等化和主體功能區建設，完善公共財政體系。深化預算制度改革，強化預算管理和監督，健全中央和地方財力與事權相匹配的體制，加快形成統一規范透明的財政轉移支付制度，提高一般性轉移支付規模和比例，加大公共服務領域投入。完善省以下財政體制，增強基層政府提供公共服務能力。實行有利于科學發展的財稅制度，建立健全資源有償使用制度和生態環境補償機制。推進金融體制改革，發展各類金融市場，形成多種所有制和多種經營形式、結構合理、功能完善、高效安全的現代金融體系。提高銀行業、證券業、保險業競爭

十七大報告全文英漢對照 sector, ensure equal protection of property rights, and create a new situation in which all economic sectors compete on an equal footing and reinforce each other.We will deepen the reform to introduce the corporate and shareholding systems in state-owned enterprises, improve the modern corporate structure and optimize the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy to enhance its dynamism, dominance and influence.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition, and strengthen government regulation and public oversight of them.We will accelerate development ofa budget system for managing state capital and improve systems and regulations for managing all types of state assets.We will press ahead with the reform of collectively-owned enterprises and develop various forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will promote equitable market access, improve the financing environment and remove institutional barriers in order to promote development of individually-owned businesses and private companies as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop the economic sector of mixed ownership based on the modern system of property rights.We will accelerate the formation of a modern market system that is unified and open and that allows orderly competition, develop markets for factors of production, improve the pricing mechanism for factors of production and resources to reflect changes in market supply and demand, resource scarcities and environmental costs, regulate and develop industry associations and market-based intermediaries, and improve the social credibility system.7.Deepen fiscal, taxation and financial restructuring and improve macroeconomic regulation.We will improve the public finance system as we work to ensure equal access to basic public services and establish development priority zones.We need to deepen reform of the budget system, tighten budgetary management and oversight, improve the system whereby both the central and local governments have financial resources proportionate to their duties and responsibilities, accelerate the establishment of a unified, standardized and

力。優化資本市場結構，多渠道提高直接融資比重。加強和改進金融監管，防范和化解金融風險。完善人民幣匯率形成機制，逐步實現資本項目可兌換。深化投資體制改革，健全和嚴格市場準入制度。完善國家規劃體系。發揮國家發展規劃、計劃、產業政策在宏觀調控中的導向作用，綜合運用財政、貨幣政策，提高宏觀調控水平。

（八）拓展對外開放廣度和深度，提高開放型經濟水平。堅持對外開放的基本國策，把“引進來”和“走出去”更好結合起來，擴大開放領域，優化開放結構，提高開放質量，完善內外聯動、互利共贏、安全高效的開放型經濟體系，形成經濟全球化條件下參與國際經濟合作和競爭新優勢。深化沿海開放，加快內地開放，提升沿邊開放，實現對內對外開放相互促進。加快轉變外貿增長方式，立足以質取勝，調整進出口結構，促進加工貿易轉型升級，大力發展服務貿易。創新利用外資方式，優化利用外資結構，發揮利用外資在推動自主創新、產業升級、區域協調發展等方面的積極作用。創新對外投資和合作方式，支持企業在研發、生產、銷售等方面開展國際化經營，加快培育我國的跨國公司和國際知名品牌。積極開展國際能源資源互利合作。實施自由貿易區戰略，加強雙邊多邊經貿合作。采取綜合措施促進國際收支基本平衡。注重防范國際經濟風險。

實現國民經濟又好又快發展，必將進一步增強我國經濟實力，彰顯社會主義市場經濟的強大生機活力。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 transparent system for transfer payments, enlarge the size and proportion of general transfer payments, and increase input in public services.We will improve fiscal systems at and below the provincial level to enhance the capacity of county and township governments to provide public services.We will adopt fiscal and taxation systems conducive to scientific development and set up sound compensation systems for use of resources and for damage to the ecological environment.We will proceed with financial reforms to develop various types of financial markets and build a modern financial system that is inclusive of different forms of ownership and different ways of operation and that features a reasonable structure, complete functions, efficiency and security.We will make our banking, securities and insurance industries more competitive.We will improve the structure of the capital market and raise the proportion of direct financing through multiple channels.We will strengthen financial supervision and control, and forestall and defuse financial risks.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime and gradually make the RMB convertible under capital accounts.We will deepen reform of the investment system and improve and strictly enforce market access rules.We will improve the state planning system.We will give play to the guiding role of national development plans, programs and industrial policies in macroeconomic regulation and combine the use of fiscal and monetary policies to improve macroeconomic regulation.8.Expand opening up in scope and depth and improve our open economy.Adhering to the basic state policy of opening up, we will better integrate our “bring in” and “go global” strategies, expand the areas of opening up, optimize its structure, raise its quality, and turn our open economy into one in which domestic development and opening to the outside world interact and Chinese businesses and their foreign counterparts engage in win-win cooperation, and one that features security and efficiency, in order to gain new advantages for China in international economic cooperation and competition amid economic globalization.We will deepen the opening up of coastal areas, accelerate that of inland areas and upgrade that

十七大報告全文英漢對照 of border areas, so that opening up at home and opening to the outside world will promote each other.We will expedite transformation of the growth mode of foreign trade, stress quality, adjust the mix of imports and exports, promote transformation and upgrading of processing trade, and energetically develop service trade.We will make innovations in the way of using foreign capital, improve the structure of foreign investment utilized, and let the use of foreign capital play a positive role in facilitating independent innovation, industrial upgrading and balanced development among regions.We will make innovations in our way of overseas investment and cooperation, support domestic enterprises in carrying out international operations of R&D, production and marketing, and accelerate the growth of Chinese multinational corporations and Chinese brand names in the world market.We will vigorously carry out mutually beneficial international cooperation in energy and resources.We will implement a strategy of free trade zones and expand bilateral and multilateral trade and economic cooperation.We will adopt comprehensive measures to maintain a basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.We must guard against international economic risks.By ensuring sound and rapid growth of the economy, we will further enhance China's economic strength, and enable our socialist market economy to exhibit its great vitality.VI.Unswervingly Developing Socialist Democracy People's democracy is the lifeblood of socialism.The Party has been consistently pursuing the goal of developing socialist democracy.Since China began its reform and opening up, we have made vigorous yet steady efforts to promote political restructuring, and socialist democracy has demonstrated greater vitality in the country.As an important part of the overall reform, political restructuring must be constantly deepened along with economic and social development to adapt to the growing enthusiasm of the people for participation in political affairs.We must keep to the path of political development under socialism with Chinese characteristics, and integrate the leadership of

六、堅定不移發展社會主義民主政治 人民民主是社會主義的生命。發展社會主義民主政治是我們黨始終不渝的奮斗目標。改革開放以來，我們積極穩妥推進政治體制改革，我國社會主義民主政治展現出更加旺盛的生命力。政治體制改革作為我國全面改革的重要組成部分，必須隨著經濟社會發展而不斷深化，與人民政治參與積極性不斷提高相適應。要堅持中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一，堅持和完善人民代表大會制度、中國共產黨領導的多黨合作和政治協商制度、民族區域自治制度

十七大報告全文英漢對照 the Party, the position of the people as masters of the country, and the rule of law.We must uphold and improve the system of people's congresses, the system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of self-governance at the primary level of society.All this will promote continuous self-improvement and development of the socialist political system.In deepening political restructuring, we must keep to the correct political orientation.On the basis of ensuring the people's position as masters of the country, we will expand socialist democracy, build a socialist country under the rule of law and develop socialist political civilization to enhance the vitality of the Party and the state and arouse the initiative of the people.We must uphold the Party's role as the core of leadership in directing the overall situation and coordinating the efforts of all quarters, and improve its capacity for scientific, democratic and law-based governance to ensure that the Party leads the people in effectively governing the country.We must ensure that all power of the state belongs to the people, expand the citizens' orderly participation in political affairs at each level and in every field, and mobilize and organize the people as extensively as possible to manage state and social affairs as well as economic and cultural programs in accordance with the law.We must uphold the rule of law as a fundamental principle and adopt the socialist concept of law-based governance to ensure that all work of the state is based on the law and that the legitimate rights and interests of citizens are safeguarded.We must maintain the features and advantages of the socialist political system and define institutions, standards and procedures for socialist democracy to provide political and legal guarantees of lasting stability for the Party and the country.1.Expand people's democracy and ensure that they are masters of the country.The essence and core of socialist democracy are that the people are masters of the country.We need to improve institutions for democracy, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we need to carry out democratic

以及基層群眾自治制度，不斷推進社會主義政治制度自我完善和發展。

深化政治體制改革，必須堅持正確政治方向，以保證人民當家作主為根本，以增強黨和國家活力、調動人民積極性為目標，擴大社會主義民主，建設社會主義法治國家，發展社會主義政治文明。要堅持黨總攬全局、協調各方的領導核心作用，提高黨科學執政、民主執政、依法執政水平，保證黨領導人民有效治理國家；堅持國家一切權力屬于人民，從各個層次、各個領域擴大公民有序政治參與，最廣泛地動員和組織人民依法管理國家事務和社會事務、管理經濟和文化事業；堅持依法治國基本方略，樹立社會主義法治理念，實現國家各項工作法治化，保障公民合法權益；堅持社會主義政治制度的特點和優勢，推進社會主義民主政治制度化、規范化、程序化，為黨和國家長治久安提供政治和法律制度保障。

（一）擴大人民民主，保證人民當家作主。人民當家作主是社會主義民主政治的本質和核心。要健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督，保障人民的知情權、參與權、表達權、監督權。支持人民代表大會依法履行職能，善于使黨的主張通過法定程序成為國家意志；保障人大代表依法行使職權，密切人大代表同人民的聯系，建議逐步實行城鄉按相同人口比例選舉人大代表；加強人大常委會制度建設，優化組成人員知識結構和年齡結構。支持人民政協圍繞團結和民主兩大主題履行職能，推進政治協商、民主監督、十七大報告全文英漢對照 election, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to guarantee the people's rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee.We must support people's congresses in performing their functions pursuant to law and effectively turn the Party's propositions into the will of the state through legal procedures.We must ensure that deputies to people's congresses exercise their functions and powers in accordance with the law and maintain close ties with the general public.We propose that both urban and rural areas gradually adopt the same ratio of deputies to the represented population in elections of deputies to people's congresses.We must strengthen the institutions of standing committees of people's congresses and improve their membership composition in terms of intellectual background and age.We will support the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)in performing its functions centered on the two major themes of unity and democracy and improve the system of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs.We will incorporate political consultation in decision-making procedures, improve democratic oversight and ensure that the CPPCC participates in the deliberation and administration of state affairs more effectively.The CPPCC is encouraged to improve itself and play its important role in coordinating relations, pooling strengths, making proposals and serving the overall interests of the country.We must ensure equality among all ethnic groups and guarantee the right of ethnic autonomous areas to exercise autonomy pursuant to law.To ensure scientific and democratic decision-making, we will improve the information and intellectual support for it, increase its transparency and expand public participation in it.In principle, public hearings must be held for the formulation of laws, regulations and policies that bear closely on the interests of the public.We need to step up education about citizenship and establish socialist concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We support trade unions, the Communist Youth League, women's federations and other people's

參政議政制度建設；把政治協商納入決策程序，完善民主監督機制，提高參政議政實效；加強政協自身建設，發揮協調關系、匯聚力量、建言獻策、服務大局的重要作用。堅持各民族一律平等，保證民族自治地方依法行使自治權。推進決策科學化、民主化，完善決策信息和智力支持系統，增強決策透明度和公眾參與度，制定與群眾利益密切相關的法律法規和公共政策原則上要公開聽取意見。加強公民意識教育，樹立社會主義民主法治、自由平等、公平正義理念。支持工會、共青團、婦聯等人民團體依照法律和各自章程開展工作，參與社會管理和公共服務，維護群眾合法權益。

（二）發展基層民主，保障人民享有更多更切實的民主權利。人民依法直接行使民主權利，管理基層公共事務和公益事業，實行自我管理、自我服務、自我教育、自我監督，對干部實行民主監督，是人民當家作主最有效、最廣泛的途徑，必須作為發展社會主義民主政治的基礎性工程重點推進。要健全基層黨組織領導的充滿活力的基層群眾自治機制，擴大基層群眾自治范圍，完善民主管理制度，把城鄉社區建設成為管理有序、服務完善、文明祥和的社會生活共同體。全心全意依靠工人階級，完善以職工代表大會為基本形式的企事業單位民主管理制度，推進廠務公開，支持

十七大報告全文英漢對照 organizations in functioning in accordance with the law and their respective charters, participating in social management and public services and helping protect the people's legitimate rights and interests.2.Develop primary-level democracy and ensure that the people enjoy democratic rights in a more extensive and practical way.The most effective and extensive way for the people to be masters of the country is that they directly exercise their democratic rights in accordance with the law to manage public affairs and public service programs at the primary level, practice self-management, self-service, self-education and self-oversight, and exercise democratic oversight over cadres.Such practices must be emphasized and promoted as the groundwork for developing socialist democracy.We need to improve the dynamic mechanism of people's self-governance at the primary level under the leadership of primary Party organizations, expand the scope of self-governance, and improve the institution for democratic management, with a view to turning urban and rural neighborhoods into communities of social life that are well managed, supported by complete services, and filled with civility and harmony.We must rely wholeheartedly on the working class, improve the democratic management system in enterprises and public institutions with workers' conferences as its basic form and increase transparency in factory affairs to support workers' participation in management and to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.We need to deepen institutional reforms at the town and township level to strengthen government authorities there and improve the systems for transparency in government and village affairs to bring about effective connection and beneficial interaction between government administration and primary-level self-governance.We also encourage social organizations to help expand the participation by the public and report on their petitions to improve the self-governance capability of society.3.Comprehensively implement the rule of law as a fundamental principle and speed up the building of a socialist country under the rule of law.The rule of law constitutes the essential requirement of socialist

職工參與管理，維護職工合法權益。深化鄉鎮機構改革，加強基層政權建設，完善政務公開、村務公開等制度，實現政府行政管理與基層群眾自治有效銜接和良性互動。發揮社會組織在擴大群眾參與、反映群眾訴求方面的積極作用，增強社會自治功能。

（三）全面落實依法治國基本方略，加快建設社會主義法治國家。依法治國是社會主義民主政治的基本要求。要堅持科學立法、民主立法，完善中國特色社會主義法律體系。加強憲法和法律實施，堅持公民在法律面前一律平等，維護社會公平正義，維護社會主義法制的統一、尊嚴、權威。推進依法行政。深化司法體制改革，優化司法職權配置，規范司法行為，建設公正高效權威的社會主義司法制度，保證審判機關、檢察機關依法獨立公正地行使審判權、檢察權。加強政法隊伍建設，做到嚴格、公正、文明執法。深入開展法制宣傳教育，弘揚法治精神，形成自覺學法守法用法的社會氛圍。尊重和保障人權，依法保證全體社會成員平等參與、平等發展的權利。各級黨組織和全體黨員要自覺在憲法和法律范圍內活動，帶頭維護憲法和法律的權威。

（四）壯大愛國統一戰線，團結一切可以團結的力量。促進政黨關系、民族關系、宗教關系、階層關系、海內外同胞

十七大報告全文英漢對照 democracy.We must persist in scientific and democratic legislation to improve the socialist law system with Chinese characteristics.We will strengthen the enforcement of the Constitution and laws, ensure that all citizens are equal before the law, and safeguard social equity and justice and the consistency, sanctity and authority of the socialist legal system.We need to carry out government administration in accordance with the law.We need to deepen the reform of the judiciary system, optimize the distribution of judicial functions and powers, standardize judicial practices, and build a fair, efficient and authoritative socialist judiciary system to ensure that courts and procuratorates exercise their respective powers independently and impartially in accordance with the law.We need to improve the overall quality of judicial, procuratorial and public security personnel to ensure that law enforcement is strict, impartial and civilized.We need to step up the education campaign to increase public awareness of law, and promote the spirit of the rule of law, creating a social environment in which people study, abide by and apply laws of their own accord.We must respect and safeguard human rights, and ensure the equal right to participation and development for all members of society in accordance with the law.Party organizations at all levels and all Party members must act under the Constitution and laws on their own initiative and take the lead in upholding the authority of the Constitution and laws.4.Expand the patriotic united front and unite with all forces that can be united.Promoting harmony in relations between political parties, between ethnic groups, between religions, between social strata, and between our compatriots at home and overseas plays an irreplaceable role in enhancing unity and pooling strengths.Acting onthe principle of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing of both good and bad times, we will strengthen our cooperation with the democratic parties, support them and personages without party affiliation in better performing their functions of participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs and democratic oversight, and select and recommend a

關系的和諧，對于增進團結、凝聚力量具有不可替代的作用。要貫徹長期共存、互相監督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共的方針，加強同民主黨派合作共事，支持民主黨派和無黨派人士更好履行參政議政、民主監督職能，選拔和推薦更多優秀黨外干部擔任領導職務。牢牢把握各民族共同團結奮斗、共同繁榮發展的主題，保障少數民族合法權益，鞏固和發展平等團結互助和諧的社會主義民族關系。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進經濟社會發展中的積極作用。鼓勵新的社會階層人士積極投身中國特色社會主義建設。認真貫徹黨的僑務政策，支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關心和參與祖國現代化建設與和平統一大業。

（五）加快行政管理體制改革，建設服務型政府。行政管理體制改革是深化改革的重要環節。要抓緊制定行政管理體制改革總體方案，著力轉變職能、理順關系、優化結構、提高效能，形成權責一致、分工合理、決策科學、執行順暢、監督有力的行政管理體制。健全政府職責體系，完善公共服務體系，推行電子政務，強化社會管理和公共服務。加快推進政企分開、政資分開、政事分開、政府與市場中介組織分開，規范行政行為，加強行政執法部門建設，減少和規范行政審批，減少政府對微觀經濟運行的干預。規范垂直管理部門和地方政府的關系。加大機構整合力度，探索實行職能有機統一的大部門體制，健全部門間協調配合機制。精簡和規范各類議事協調機構及其辦事機構，減少行政層次，降低行政成本，著力解決機構重疊、職責交叉、政出多門問題。統籌黨委、十七大報告全文英漢對照 greater number of outstanding non-CPC persons for leading positions.Keeping in mind the objective of all ethnic groups working together for common prosperity and development, we must guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of ethnic minorities, and strengthen and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, solidarity, mutual assistance and harmony.We will fully implement the Party's basic principle for its work related to religious affairs and bring into play the positive role of religious personages and believers in promoting economic and social development.We encourage members of emerging social strata to take an active part in building socialism with Chinese characteristics.We will conscientiously follow the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in caring about and participating in the modernization drive and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.5.Accelerate the reform of the administrative system and build a service-oriented government.The administrative reform is an important part of the efforts to deepen China's overall reform.We must lose no time in working out a master plan for it, with the focus on changing functions, straightening out relations, optimizing the setup and raising efficiency, and bring about a system which matches powers with responsibilities, divides work in a rational way, fosters scientific decision-making, and ensures smooth enforcement and effective oversight.We need to improve the government responsibility system and the public service system, promote e-government and strengthen social management and public services.We will accelerate the separation of the functions of the government from those of enterprises, state assets management authorities, public institutions and market-based intermediaries, standardize administrative practices, strengthen administrative law-enforcement agencies, reduce the number of matters requiring administrative examination and approval and standardize such procedures, and reduce government intervention in microeconomic operations.We will standardize the relationship between local departments directly under central

政府和人大、政協機構設置，減少領導職數，嚴格控制編制。加快推進事業單位分類改革。

（六）完善制約和監督機制，保證人民賦予的權力始終用來為人民謀利益。確保權力正確行使，必須讓權力在陽光下運行。要堅持用制度管權、管事、管人，建立健全決策權、執行權、監督權既相互制約又相互協調的權力結構和運行機制。健全組織法制和程序規則，保證國家機關按照法定權限和程序行使權力、履行職責。完善各類公開辦事制度，提高政府工作透明度和公信力。重點加強對領導干部特別是主要領導干部、人財物管理使用、關鍵崗位的監督，健全質詢、問責、經濟責任審計、引咎辭職、罷免等制度。落實黨內監督條例，加強民主監督，發揮好輿論監督作用，增強監督合力和實效。

社會主義愈發展，民主也愈發展。在發展中國特色社會主義的歷史進程中，中國共產黨人和中國人民一定能夠不斷發展具有強大生命力的社會主義民主政治。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 government organs and local governments.We will step up our efforts to streamline government organs, explore ways to establish greater departments with integrated functions, and improve the mechanism of coordination and collaboration between government departments.We will downsize and standardize various organs for deliberation and coordination and their working offices, cut down levels of administration, minimize its costs, and address the problems of overlapping organizations and functions and conflicting policies from different departments.We will give overall consideration to the setup of Party committees and governments as well as that of people's congresses and CPPCC committees, reduce the number of their leading positions and strictly control their staffing.We will step up the restructuring of different categories of public institutions.6.Improve the mechanism of restraint and oversight and ensure that power entrusted by the people is always exercised in their interests.Power must be exercised in the sunshine to ensure that it is exercised correctly.We must have institutions to govern power, work and personnel, and establish a sound structure of power and a mechanism for its operation in which decision-making, enforcement and oversight powers check each other and function in coordination.We will improve organic laws and rules of procedure to ensure that state organs exercise their powers and perform their functions and responsibilities within their statutory jurisdiction and in accordance with legal procedures.We will improve the open administrative system in various areas and increase transparency in government work, thus enhancing the people's trust in the government.We will focus on tightening oversight over leading cadres and especially principal ones, over the management and use of human, financial and material resources, and over key positions.We will improve the systems of inquiries, accountability, economic responsibility auditing, resignation and recall.We will implement the intra-Party oversight regulations, strengthen democratic oversight and give scope to the oversight role of public opinion, pooling forces of oversight from all sides to make it more effective.36

十七大報告全文英漢對照 Democracy will keep developing along with the progress of socialism.In the historical course of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, Chinese Communists and the Chinese people will surely advance socialist democracy that is full of vitality.VII.Promoting Vigorous Development and Prosperity of Socialist Culture In the present era, culture has become a more and more important source of national cohesion and creativity and a factor of growing significance in the competition in overall national strength, and the Chinese people have an increasingly ardent desire for a richer cultural life.We must keep to the orientation of advanced socialist culture, bring about a new upsurge in socialist cultural development, stimulate the cultural creativity of the whole nation, and enhance culture as part of the soft power of our country to better guarantee the people's basic cultural rights and interests, enrich the cultural life in Chinese society and inspire the enthusiasm of the people for progress.1.Build up the system of socialist core values and make socialist ideology more attractive and cohesive.The system of socialist core values represents the essence of socialist ideology.We must consolidate the guiding position of Marxism, persistently arm the whole Party with and educate the people in the latest achievements in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, rally the people with our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, inspire the people with patriotism-centered national spirit and with the spirit of the times centering on reform and innovation, guide social ethos with the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and solidify the common ideological basis of the joint endeavor of the whole Party and the people of all ethnic groups.We will make every effort to carry out theoretical innovation and give Marxism of contemporary China distinct characters of practice, of the Chinese nation and of the times.We will publicize the theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and take Marxism of contemporary China to the general public.We will carry on the Project to Study and Develop Marxist

七、推動社會主義文化大發展大繁榮 當今時代，文化越來越成為民族凝聚力和創造力的重要源泉、越來越成為綜合國力競爭的重要因素，豐富精神文化生活越來越成為我國人民的熱切愿望。要堅持社會主義先進文化前進方向，興起社會主義文化建設新高潮，激發全民族文化創造活力，提高國家文化軟實力，使人民基本文化權益得到更好保障，使社會文化生活更加豐富多彩，使人民精神風貌更加昂揚向上。

（一）建設社會主義核心價值體系，增強社會主義意識形態的吸引力和凝聚力。社會主義核心價值體系是社會主義意識形態的本質體現。要鞏固馬克思主義指導地位，堅持不懈地用馬克思主義中國化最新成果武裝全黨、教育人民，用中國特色社會主義共同理想凝聚力量，用以愛國主義為核心的民族精神和以改革創新為核心的時代精神鼓舞斗志，用社會主義榮辱觀引領風尚，鞏固全黨全國各族人民團結奮斗的共同思想基礎。大力推進理論創新，不斷賦予當代中國馬克思主義鮮明的實踐特色、民族特色、時代特色。開展中國特色社會主義理論體系宣傳普及活動，推動當代中國馬克思主義大眾化。推進馬克思主義理論研究和建設工程，深入回答重大理論和實際問題，培養造就一批馬克思主義理論家特別是中青年理論家。切實把社會主義核心價值體系融入國民教育和精神文明建設全過程，轉化為人民的自覺追求。積極探索用社會主義核心價值體系引領社會思潮的有效途徑，主動做好意識形態工作，既尊重差異、包容多樣，又有力抵制各種錯誤和腐朽

十七大報告全文英漢對照 Theory to provide in-depth answers to major theoretical and practical questions and to bring up a group of Marxist theoreticians, especially young and middle-aged ones.We will incorporate the socialist core values into all stages of national education and the entire process of cultural and ethical progress to make them the targets pursued by the people of their own accord.We will explore effective ways of letting the system of socialist core values guide trends of thought and take the initiative in ideological work, respecting divergence and allowing diversity while effectively resisting the influence of erroneous and decadent ideas.We will develop philosophy and social sciences, promoting innovation in academic disciplines, academic viewpoints and research methods.We encourage people working in these fields to serve as a think tank for the cause of the Party and the people, and we will introduce related outstanding achievements and distinguished scholars to the world arena.2.Foster a culture of harmony and cultivate civilized practices.A culture of harmony provides important intellectual support for the unity and progress of all our people.We must step up the development of the press, publishing, radio, film, television, literature and art, give correct guidance to the public and foster healthy social trends.We must balance cultural development between urban and rural areas and among different regions, focusing on enriching the cultural life in rural and remote areas and of rural migrant workers in cities.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture and foster a good cyber environment.We will promote patriotism, collectivism and socialist ideology.With the emphasis on enhancing people's awareness of integrity, we will promote social ethics, professional codes of conduct, family virtues and individual morality, let paragons of virtue serve as role models for society, and guide people in conscientiously carrying out legal obligations and social and family responsibilities.We will strengthen and improve our ideological and political work, paying attention to compassionate care and psychological counseling and correctly handling interpersonal relations.We will mobilize all sectors of society in doing

思想的影響。繁榮發展哲學社會科學，推進學科體系、學術觀點、科研方法創新，鼓勵哲學社會科學界為黨和人民事業發揮思想庫作用，推動我國哲學社會科學優秀成果和優秀人才走向世界。

（二）建設和諧文化，培育文明風尚。和諧文化是全體人民團結進步的重要精神支撐。要積極發展新聞出版、廣播影視、文學藝術事業，堅持正確導向，弘揚社會正氣。重視城鄉、區域文化協調發展，著力豐富農村、偏遠地區、進城務工人員的精神文化生活。加強網絡文化建設和管理，營造良好網絡環境。大力弘揚愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義思想，以增強誠信意識為重點，加強社會公德、職業道德、家庭美德、個人品德建設，發揮道德模范榜樣作用，引導人們自覺履行法定義務、社會責任、家庭責任。加強和改進思想政治工作，注重人文關懷和心理疏導，用正確方式處理人際關系。動員社會各方面共同做好青少年思想道德教育工作，為青少年健康成長創造良好社會環境。深入開展群眾性精神文明創建活動，完善社會志愿服務體系，形成男女平等、尊老愛幼、互愛互助、見義勇為的社會風尚。弘揚科學精神，普及科學知識。廣泛開展全民健身運動。辦好二００八年奧運會、殘奧會和二０一０年世博會。

（三）弘揚中華文化，建設中華民族共有精神家園。中華文化是中華民族生生不息、團結奮進的不竭動力。要全面認識祖國傳統文化，取其精華，去其糟粕，十七大報告全文英漢對照 a good job of ideological and moral education among young people and create a favorable environment for their healthy development.We will carry out intensive activities to promote cultural and ethical progress among the public, improve the system of voluntary public services, and encourage practices such as upholding gender equality, respecting the elderly, caring for the young, showing concern for and helping each other and coming to the rescue of others even at risk to oneself.We will promote the scientific spirit and spread scientific knowledge.We will launch extensive public fitness programs and ensure the success of the 2008 Olympic Games and the Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Exposition in Shanghai.3.Promote Chinese culture and build the common spiritual home for the Chinese nation.Chinese culture has been an unfailing driving force for the Chinese nation to keep its unity and make progress from generation to generation.We must have a comprehensive understanding of traditional Chinese culture, keep its essence and discard its dross to enable it to fit in with present-day society, stay in harmony with modern civilization, keep its national character and reflect changes of the times.We will further publicize the fine traditions of Chinese culture and use modern means of science and technology to exploit the rich resources of our national culture.We will explore and better protect the cultures of all ethnic groups, attach great importance to the protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage and do a good job collating ancient books and records.We will also strengthen international cultural exchanges to draw on the fine achievements of foreign cultures and enhance the influence of Chinese culture worldwide.4.Stimulate cultural innovation and enhance the vitality of cultural development.The only way to invigorate culture is to promote innovation in its content and form, its structure and mechanism, and its means of dissemination from the high starting point of our times and release and develop its productive forces.We must keep to the orientation of serving the people and socialism, upholdthe principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and maintain close contact with

使之與當代社會相適應、與現代文明相協調，保持民族性，體現時代性。加強中華優秀文化傳統教育，運用現代科技手段開發利用民族文化豐厚資源。加強對各民族文化的挖掘和保護，重視文物和非物質文化遺產保護，做好文化典籍整理工作。加強對外文化交流，吸收各國優秀文明成果，增強中華文化國際影響力。

（四）推進文化創新，增強文化發展活力。在時代的高起點上推動文化內容形式、體制機制、傳播手段創新，解放和發展文化生產力，是繁榮文化的必由之路。要堅持為人民服務、為社會主義服務的方向和百花齊放、百家爭鳴的方針，貼近實際、貼近生活、貼近群眾，始終把社會效益放在首位，做到經濟效益與社會效益相統一。創作更多反映人民主體地位和現實生活、群眾喜聞樂見的優秀精神文化產品。深化文化體制改革，完善扶持公益性文化事業、發展文化產業、鼓勵文化創新的政策，營造有利于出精品、出人才、出效益的環境。堅持把發展公益性文化事業作為保障人民基本文化權益的主要途徑，加大投入力度，加強社區和鄉村文化設施建設。大力發展文化產業，實施重大文化產業項目帶動戰略，加快文化產業基地和區域性特色文化產業群建設，培育文化產業骨干企業和戰略投資者，繁榮文化市場，增強國際競爭力。運用高新技術創新文化生產方式，培育新的文化業態，加快構建傳輸快捷、覆蓋廣泛的文化傳播體系。設立國家榮譽制度，表彰有杰出貢獻的文化工作者。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 reality, life and the public.We must always give top priority to social benefits and try to ensure both good economic returns and social benefits.We must create more excellent, popular works that reflect the people's principal position in the country and their real life.We must deepen cultural restructuring and improve the policies for supporting nonprofit cultural programs, developing the cultural industry and encouraging cultural innovation, so as to create favorable conditions for producing fine works, outstanding personnel and good results.We must continue to develop nonprofit cultural programs as the main approach to ensuring the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, increase spending on such programs, and build more cultural facilities in urban communities and rural areas.We must vigorously develop the cultural industry, launch major projects to lead the industry as a whole, speed up development of cultural industry bases and clusters of cultural industries with regional features, nurture key enterprises and strategic investors, create a thriving cultural market and enhance the industry's international competitiveness.We will use new and high technology to create new ways of producing cultural works, foster new forms of operation in the cultural industry and accelerate the establishment of a dissemination system featuring fast communication and wide coverage.We will establish a national system of honors for outstanding cultural workers.The great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will definitely be accompanied by the thriving of Chinese culture.We will give full scope to the principal position of the people in cultural development, arouse the enthusiasm of cultural workers, promote vigorous development and prosperity of culture more conscientiously and actively, and create cultural works in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, so that the people will share in the benefits of cultural development.VIII.Accelerating Social Development with the Focus on Improving People's Livelihood Social development is closely related to the people's well-being.More importance must therefore be

中華民族偉大復興必然伴隨著中華文化繁榮興盛。要充分發揮人民在文化建設中的主體作用，調動廣大文化工作者的積極性，更加自覺、更加主動地推動文化大發展大繁榮，在中國特色社會主義的偉大實踐中進行文化創造，讓人民共享文化發展成果。

八、加快推進以改善民生為重點的社會建設

社會建設與人民幸福安康息息相關。必須在經濟發展的基礎上，更加注重社會

十七大報告全文英漢對照 attached to social development on the basis of economic growth to ensure and improve people's livelihood, carry out social restructuring, expand public services, improve social management and promote social equity and justice.We must do our best to ensure that all our people enjoy their rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care, and housing, so as to build a harmonious society.1.Give priority to education and turn China into a country rich in human resources.Education is the cornerstone of national rejuvenation, and equal access to education provides an important underpinning for social equity.We must implement the Party's educational policy to the letter, focus on educating students with top priority given to cultivating their moral integrity, improve their overall quality, modernize the educational system, and train socialist builders and successors who have all-round attainments in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education.All this is designed to run education to the satisfaction of the people.We will optimize the educational structure, promote balanced development of compulsory education, move faster toward universal access to senior secondary education, vigorously develop vocational education, and improve the quality of higher education.We will also attach importance to pre-school education and care about special education.We will update our views on education and deepen reform in curricula, modes of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality.We will ease the study load of primary and secondary school students and improve their overall quality.We will continue to run education on a nonprofit basis, increase government spending on education, regulate the collection of education-related fees, support the development of education in poverty-stricken and ethnic autonomous areas, improve the system of financial aid to students, and ensure that children from poor families and of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy equal access to compulsory education as other children.We will build up the ranks of teachers, with the emphasis on improving the quality of teachers in rural areas.We will

建設，著力保障和改善民生，推進社會體制改革，擴大公共服務，完善社會管理，促進社會公平正義，努力使全體人民學有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫、老有所養、住有所居，推動建設和諧社會。

（一）優先發展教育，建設人力資源強國。教育是民族振興的基石，教育公平是社會公平的重要基礎。要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅持育人為本、德育為先，實施素質教育，提高教育現代化水平，培養德智體美全面發展的社會主義建設者和接班人，辦好人民滿意的教育。優化教育結構，促進義務教育均衡發展，加快普及高中階段教育，大力發展職業教育，提高高等教育質量。重視學前教育，關心特殊教育。更新教育觀念，深化教學內容方式、考試招生制度、質量評價制度等改革，減輕中小學生課業負擔，提高學生綜合素質。堅持教育公益性質，加大財政對教育投入，規范教育收費，扶持貧困地區、民族地區教育，健全學生資助制度，保障經濟困難家庭、進城務工人員子女平等接受義務教育。加強教師隊伍建設，重點提高農村教師素質。鼓勵和規范社會力量興辦教育。發展遠程教育和繼續教育，建設全民學習、終身學習的學習型社會。

（二）實施擴大就業的發展戰略，促進以創業帶動就業。就業是民生之本。要堅持實施積極的就業政策，加強政府引導，完善市場就業機制，擴大就業規模，改善就業結構。完善支持自主創業、自謀職業政策，加強就業觀念教育，使更

十七大報告全文英漢對照 encourage and regulate educational programs run by nongovernmental sectors.Distance learning and continuing education will be promoted to make ours a society in which every citizen is committed to learning and pursues lifelong learning.2.Implement a development strategy that promotes job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities.Employment is vital to people's livelihood.We will continue to follow a proactive employment policy, strengthen government guidance,improve the market mechanism for employment, create more jobs and improve the employment structure.We will improve policies to encourage people to start businesses or find jobs on their own and promote a healthy attitude toward employment so that more people in the labor force will launch their own businesses.We will improve vocational education and training for the labor force and intensify pre-employment training for surplus labor transferred from rural areas.We will establish a unified, standardized labor market and a mechanism that ensures equal employment opportunities for both urban and rural residents.We will improve employment assistance to the needy and make it a priority to help zero-employment families to have job opportunities.We will do our best to help college graduates find jobs.We will regulate and coordinate labor relations, improve and implement government policies concerning rural migrant workers in cities, and protect the rights and interests of every worker in accordance with the law.3.Deepen reform of the income distribution system and increase the income of urban and rural residents.Equitable income distribution is an important indication of social equity.We will adhere to and improve the system whereby distribution according to work remains the predominant mode and coexists with various other modes.We will improve the distribution system to allow factors of production such as labor, capital, technology and managerial expertise to have a rightful share according to their respective contribution.A proper balance will be struck between efficiency and equity in both primary distribution and redistribution, with particular emphasis on equity in

多勞動者成為創業者。健全面向全體勞動者的職業教育培訓制度，加強農村富余勞動力轉移就業培訓。建立統一規范的人力資源市場，形成城鄉勞動者平等就業的制度。完善面向所有困難群眾的就業援助制度，及時幫助零就業家庭解決就業困難。積極做好高校畢業生就業工作。規范和協調勞動關系，完善和落實國家對農民工的政策，依法維護勞動者權益。

（三）深化收入分配制度改革，增加城鄉居民收入。合理的收入分配制度是社會公平的重要體現。要堅持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，健全勞動、資本、技術、管理等生產要素按貢獻參與分配的制度，初次分配和再分配都要處理好效率和公平的關系，再分配更加注重公平。逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。著力提高低收入者收入，逐步提高扶貧標準和最低工資標準，建立企業職工工資正常增長機制和支付保障機制。創造條件讓更多群眾擁有財產性收入。保護合法收入，調節過高收入，取締非法收入。擴大轉移支付，強化稅收調節，打破經營壟斷，創造機會公平，整頓分配秩序，逐步扭轉收入分配差距擴大趨勢。

（四）加快建立覆蓋城鄉居民的社會保障體系，保障人民基本生活。社會保障是社會安定的重要保證。要以社會保險、社會救助、社會福利為基礎，以基

十七大報告全文英漢對照 redistribution.We will gradually increase the share of personal income in the distribution of national income, and raise that of work remuneration in primary distribution.Vigorous efforts will be made to raise the income of low-income groups, gradually increase poverty-alleviation aid and the minimum wage, and set up a mechanism of regular pay increases for enterprise employees anda mechanism for guaranteeing payment of their salaries.Conditions will be created to enable more citizens to have property income.We will protect lawful incomes, regulate excessively high incomes and ban illegal gains.We will increase transfer payments, intensify the regulation of incomes through taxation, break business monopolies, create equal opportunities, and overhaul income distribution practices with a view to gradually reversing the growing income disparity.4.Accelerate the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents and guarantee their basic living conditions.Social security is an important guarantee of social stability.We will step up the building of a sound social security system that is based on social insurance, assistance and welfare, with basic old-age pension, basic medical care and subsistence allowances as its backbone, and supplemented by charity and commercial insurance.We will promote reform of basic old-age insurance systems in enterprises, Party and government organs and public institutions and explore ways to set up an old-age insurance system in rural areas.We will promote the development of basic medical insurance systems for urban workers and residents and a new type of cooperative medical care system in rural areas.We will improve the system of subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents and gradually increase such allowances.We will improve the systems of unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurances.We will upgrade management of social security funds to higher-level authorities and work out unified methods fortransferring social security accounts nationwide.We will provide more social security funds through various means and strengthen their oversight and management to maintain and increase their value.We will improve

本養老、基本醫療、最低生活保障制度為重點，以慈善事業、商業保險為補充，加快完善社會保障體系。促進企業、機關、事業單位基本養老保險制度改革，探索建立農村養老保險制度。全面推進城鎮職工基本醫療保險、城鎮居民基本醫療保險、新型農村合作醫療制度建設。完善城鄉居民最低生活保障制度，逐步提高保障水平。完善失業、工傷、生育保險制度。提高統籌層次，制定全國統一的社會保險關系轉續辦法。采取多種方式充實社會保障基金，加強基金監管，實現保值增值。健全社會救助體系。做好優撫安置工作。發揚人道主義精神，發展殘疾人事業。加強老齡工作。強化防災減災工作。健全廉租住房制度，加快解決城市低收入家庭住房困難。

（五）建立基本醫療衛生制度，提高全民健康水平。健康是人全面發展的基礎，關系千家萬戶幸福。要堅持公共醫療衛生的公益性質，堅持預防為主、以農村為重點、中西醫并重，實行政事分開、管辦分開、醫藥分開、營利性和非營利性分開，強化政府責任和投入，完善國民健康政策，鼓勵社會參與，建設覆蓋城鄉居民的公共衛生服務體系、醫療服務體系、醫療保障體系、藥品供應保障體系，為群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價廉的醫療衛生服務。完善重大疾病防控體系，提高突發公共衛生事件應急處置能力。加強農村三級衛生服務網絡和城市社區衛生服務體系建設，深化公立醫院改革。建立國家基本藥物制度，保證群眾基本用藥。扶持中醫藥和民族醫藥事業發展。加強醫德醫風建

十七大報告全文英漢對照 social assistance.We will do a good job providing special assistance to families of martyrs and servicemen and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will promote programs for the disabled in a humanitarian spirit.We will develop more programs for the elderly.We will intensify our efforts in disaster prevention and reduction.We will improve the low-rent housing system and speed up resolution of the housing difficulties of low-income families in urban areas.5.Establish a basic medical and health care system and improve the health of the whole nation.Health provides the foundation for people's all-round development and has a direct bearing on the happiness of each family.We must maintain the public welfare nature of public medical and health care services, always put disease prevention first, center on rural areas and attach equal importance to traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine.We will separate government administration from medical institutions, management from operation, medical care from pharmaceuticals, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will increase government responsibilities and spending, improve the national health policy, and encourage greater participation of nongovernmental sectors so as to develop systems of public health services, medical services, medical security and medicine supply to provide both urban and rural residents with safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health services.We will improve the system to prevent and control the outbreak of major diseases and enhance our capacity to respond to public health emergencies.We will improve the three-tier rural health care network spanning the county, township and village and the urban community-based health care system, and deepen reform of public hospitals.We will set up a national system for basic pharmaceuticals to ensure their supply.We will support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.We will work harder to improve the professional ethics and style of work of health workers and the quality of medical services.We must ensure food and drug safety.We will adhere to the basic state

設，提高醫療服務質量。確保食品藥品安全。堅持計劃生育的基本國策，穩定低生育水平，提高出生人口素質。開展愛國衛生運動，發展婦幼衛生事業。

（六）完善社會管理，維護社會安定團結。社會穩定是人民群眾的共同心愿，是改革發展的重要前提。要健全黨委領導、政府負責、社會協同、公眾參與的社會管理格局，健全基層社會管理體制。最大限度激發社會創造活力，最大限度增加和諧因素，最大限度減少不和諧因素。妥善處理人民內部矛盾，完善信訪制度，健全黨和政府主導的維護群眾權益機制。重視社會組織建設和管理。加強流動人口服務和管理。堅持安全發展，強化安全生產管理和監督，有效遏制重特大安全事故。完善突發事件應急管理機制。健全社會治安防控體系，加強社會治安綜合治理，深入開展平安創建活動，改革和加強城鄉社區警務工作，依法防范和打擊違法犯罪活動，保障人民生命財產安全。完善國家安全戰略，健全國家安全體制，高度警惕和堅決防范各種分裂、滲透、顛覆活動，切實維護國家安全。

和諧社會要靠全社會共同建設。我們要緊緊依靠人民，調動一切積極因素，努力形成社會和諧人人有責、和諧社會人

十七大報告全文英漢對照 policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low and make the newborns healthier.We will launch patriotic sanitation campaigns and develop health care programs for women and children.6.Improve social management and safeguard social stability and unity.Social stability is the common aspiration of the people and an important prerequisite for reform and development.We need to improve the structure of social management comprising Party committee leadership, government responsibility, nongovernmental support and public participation, and improve the system of social management at the primary level.We will stimulate the creativity of society to the greatest extent, maximize factors conducive to harmony and minimize those detrimental to it.We will properly handle contradictions among the people, improve the system for handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public, and strengthen the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests of the people in which the Party and the government play the leading role.We will attach importance to the development and management of social organizations.We will improve services for and management of the floating population.We must ensure safe development by strengthening management and oversight of work safety and taking effective measures to prevent serious or exceptionally serious accidents.We will improve the mechanism of emergency management.We will improvethe crime prevention and control system, maintain law and order through comprehensive measures, launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security, reform and step up community policing in both urban and rural areas, and prevent and crack down on crime in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property.We will improve the strategy and mechanism for national security, and keep high vigilance against and resolutely forestall separatist, infiltrative and subversive activities in various forms to safeguard national security.It requires joint efforts of the whole society to build a harmonious society.We must therefore rely firmly on the people and mobilize all positive factors to create a lively situation in which everyone is duty-bound to

人共享的生動局面。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 work for and benefits from social harmony.IX.Opening Up New Prospects for Modernization of National Defense and the Armed Forces To strengthen national defense and the armed forces occupies an important place in the overall arrangements for the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Bearing in mind the overall strategic interests of national security and development, we must take both economic and national defense development into consideration and make our country prosperous and our armed forces powerful while building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.For the armed forces to fully carry out the historical missions assigned by the Party and the people at this new stage in the new century, we must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on building the armed forces in the new period and Jiang Zemin's thinking on building national defense and the armed forces, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for strengthening national defense and the armed forces.We must implement the military strategy for the new period, accelerate the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics, ensure military preparedness, and enhance the military's capability to respond to various security threats and accomplish diverse military tasks.We are determined to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and help maintain world peace.To make the armed forces more revolutionary, modernized and standardized is an integrated endeavor, and balanced progress must be made in all the three aspects.We must always adhere to the fundamental principle of the Party exercising absolute leadership over the armed forces and the fundamental purpose of the armed forces serving the people.We will educate the military in its historical missions, ideals, beliefs, combat-ready spirit and the socialist maxims of honor and disgrace, and ensure that it carries forward its fine traditions of following the Party's orders, serving the people and fighting valiantly and skillfully.We must build strong armed

九、開創國防和軍隊現代化建設新局面

國防和軍隊建設，在中國特色社會主義事業總體布局中占有重要地位。必須站在國家安全和發展戰略全局的高度，統籌經濟建設和國防建設，在全面建設小康社會進程中實現富國和強軍的統一。

全面履行黨和人民賦予的新世紀新階段軍隊歷史使命，必須堅持以毛澤東軍事思想、鄧小平新時期軍隊建設思想、江澤民國防和軍隊建設思想為指導，把科學發展觀作為國防和軍隊建設的重要指導方針，貫徹新時期軍事戰略方針，加快中國特色軍事變革，做好軍事斗爭準備，提高軍隊應對多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務的能力，堅決維護國家主權、安全、領土完整，為維護世界和平貢獻力量。

軍隊革命化、現代化、正規化建設是統一的整體，必須全面加強、協調推進。要始終堅持黨對軍隊絕對領導的根本原則和人民軍隊的根本宗旨，深入進行軍隊歷史使命、理想信念、戰斗精神和社會主義榮辱觀教育，大力弘揚聽黨指揮、服務人民、英勇善戰的優良傳統。堅持科技強軍，按照建設信息化軍隊、打贏信息化戰爭的戰略目標，加快機械化和信息化復合發展，積極開展信息化條件下軍事訓練，全面建設現代后勤，加緊培養大批高素質新型軍事人才，切實轉變戰斗力生成模式。堅持依法治軍、從嚴治軍，完善軍事法規，加強科學管理。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 forces through science and technology.To attain the strategic objective of building computerized armed forces and winning IT-based warfare, we will accelerate composite development of mechanization and computerization, carry out military training under IT-based conditions, modernize every aspect of logistics, intensify our efforts to train a new type of high-caliber military personnel in large numbers and change the mode of generating combat capabilities.We must run the armed forces in accordance with the law, enforce strict discipline, improve relevant laws and regulations and strengthen scientific management.In keeping with the new trends in world military affairs and the new requirements of China's development, we must promote innovation in military theory, technology, organization and management.We will adjust and reform the structure, staffing, policies and institutions of the armed forces to gradually develop a complete set of scientific modes of organization, institutions and ways of operation with Chinese characteristics and in conformity with the laws governing the development of modern armed forces.We will adjust and reform the systems of defense-related science, technology and industry and of weapons and equipment procurement, and enhance our capacity for independent innovation in R&D of weapons and equipment with better quality and cost-effectiveness.We will establish sound systems of weapons and equipment research and manufacturing, military personnel training and logistics that integrate military with civilian purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support, build the armed forces through diligence and thrift, and blaze a path of development with Chinese characteristics featuring military and civilian integration.We will enrich and develop military sciences by carefully studying the features and laws of building and running the armed forces and the strategies and tactics for people's war under the new historical conditions.We will raise the people's awareness of national defense, strengthen national defense mobilization by improving the mobilization system, and enhance the quality of the reserves and the militia.We will

適應世界軍事發展新趨勢和我國發展新要求，推進軍事理論、軍事技術、軍事組織、軍事管理創新。調整改革軍隊體制編制和政策制度，逐步形成一整套既有中國特色又符合現代軍隊建設規律的科學的組織模式、制度安排和運作方式。調整改革國防科技工業體制和武器裝備采購體制，提高武器裝備研制的自主創新能力和質量效益。建立和完善軍民結合、寓軍于民的武器裝備科研生產體系、軍隊人才培養體系和軍隊保障體系，堅持勤儉建軍，走出一條中國特色軍民融合式發展路子。深入研究新的歷史條件下建軍治軍特點規律和人民戰爭戰略戰術，繁榮和發展軍事科學。

增強全民國防觀念，完善國防動員體系，加強國防動員建設，提高預備役部隊和民兵建設質量。加強人民武裝警察部隊建設，更好履行維護國家安全和社會穩定、保障人民安居樂業的職責使命。堅持擁軍優屬、擁政愛民，積極開展軍民共建，鞏固軍政軍民團結。各級黨組織、政府和人民群眾要一如既往支持國防和軍隊建設，軍隊要繼續為經濟社會發展作貢獻。

十七大報告全文英漢對照 strengthen the People's Armed Police so that it can better fulfill its duties of safeguarding national security and social stability and ensuring that the people live and work in peace.We must ensure that the government and the people support the military and give preferential treatment to the families of servicemen and martyrs, and that the military supports the government and cherishes the people.We will energetically encourage the military and the people to work together to promote cultural and ethical progress, and consolidate the solidarity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.Party organizations and governments at all levels and the general public will, as always, support efforts to strengthen national defense and the armed forces, and the military will continue to contribute to economic and social development.X.Carrying Forward the Practice of “One Country, Two Systems” and Advancing the Great Cause of Peaceful National Reunification Since the return of Hong Kong and Macao to the motherland, more and more experience has been gained in putting into practicethe principle of “one country, two systems.” The principle is perfectly correct and full of vigor.To realize China's peaceful reunification on this principle accords with the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.A major task the Party faces in running the country in the new circumstances is to ensure long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao.We will unswervingly implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will render full support to the governments of the two regions in their administration in accordance with the law and in their efforts to promote economic growth, improve people's lives and advance democracy.We encourage people from all walks of life in Hong Kong and Macao to work with one accord to promote social amity under the banner of love for the motherland and devotion to their

十、推進“一國兩制”實踐和祖國和平統一大業

香港、澳門回歸祖國以來，“一國兩制”實踐日益豐富。“一國兩制”是完全正確的，具有強大生命力。按照“一國兩制”實現祖國和平統一，符合中華民族根本利益。

保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定是黨在新形勢下治國理政面臨的重大課題。我們將堅定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴格按照特別行政區基本法辦事；全力支持特別行政區政府依法施政，著力發展經濟、改善民生、推進民主；鼓勵香港、澳門各界人士在愛國愛港、愛國愛澳旗幟下和衷共濟，促進社會和睦；加強內地與香港、澳門交流合作，實現優勢互補、共同發展；積極支持香港、澳門開展對外交往，堅決反對外部勢力干預香港、澳門事務。香港同胞、澳門同胞完全有智慧有能力管理好、建設好香港、澳門，香港、澳門已經并將繼續為國家現代化建設發揮重要作用，偉大祖國永遠是香港、澳門繁榮穩定的堅強后

十七大報告全文英漢對照 respective regions.We will increase exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions so that they can draw on each other's strengths and develop side by side.We will actively support the two regions in their external exchanges and firmly oppose attempts by any external force to interfere in their affairs.Our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao, without doubt, have the wisdom and ability to successfully administer and develop their regions.Both regions have played and will continue to play an important role in China's modernization drive, and the great motherland will always provide them with strong backing for their prosperity and stability.To resolve the Taiwan question and achieve complete national reunification is a common aspiration of all sons and daughters of the Chinese nation.We will uphold the principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and the eight-point proposal for developing the relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and advancing the process of peaceful national reunification in the present stage.We will never waver in our commitment to the one-China principle, never abandon our efforts to achieve peaceful reunification, never change the policy of placing our hopes on the people in Taiwan and never compromise in our opposition to the secessionist activities aimed at “Taiwan independence.” With a firm grasp of the theme of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, we will sincerely work for the well-being of our compatriots on both sides of the Straits and for peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and safeguard China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation.Upholding the one-China principle constitutes the political basis for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.Although the mainland and Taiwan are yet to be reunified, the fact that they belong to one and the same China has never changed.China is the common homeland for the compatriots on both sides of the Straits, who have every reason to join hands to safeguard and develop this homeland.We are ready to conduct exchanges, dialogue, consultations and negotiations with any political party in Taiwan on any issue as long as it recognizes that both sides of the

盾。

解決臺灣問題、實現祖國完全統一，是全體中華兒女的共同心愿。我們將遵循“和平統一、一國兩制”的方針和現階段發展兩岸關系、推進祖國和平統一進程的八項主張，堅持一個中國原則決不動搖，爭取和平統一的努力決不放棄，貫徹寄希望于臺灣人民的方針決不改變，反對“臺獨”分裂活動決不妥協，牢牢把握兩岸關系和平發展的主題，真誠為兩岸同胞謀福祉、為臺海地區謀和平，維護國家主權和領土完整，維護中華民族根本利益。

堅持一個中國原則，是兩岸關系和平發展的政治基礎。盡管兩岸尚未統一，但大陸和臺灣同屬一個中國的事實從未改變。中國是兩岸同胞的共同家園，兩岸同胞理應攜手維護好、建設好我們的共同家園。臺灣任何政黨，只要承認兩岸同屬一個中國，我們都愿意同他們交流對話、協商談判，什么問題都可以談。我們鄭重呼吁，在一個中國原則的基礎上，協商正式結束兩岸敵對狀態，達成和平協議，構建兩岸關系和平發展框架，開創兩岸關系和平發展新局面。

十三億大陸同胞和兩千三百萬臺灣同胞是血脈相連的命運共同體。凡是對臺灣同胞有利的事情，凡是對維護臺海和平有利的事情，凡是對促進祖國和平統一有利的事情，我們都會盡最大努力做

十七大報告全文英漢對照 Straits belong to one and the same China.Here we would like to make a solemn appeal: On the basis of the one-China principle, let us discuss a formal end to the state of hostility between the two sides, reach a peace agreement, construct a framework for peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and thus usher in a new phase of peaceful development.The 1.3 billion people on the mainland and the 23 million people in Taiwan are of the same blood and share a common destiny.We will make every effort to achieve anything that serves the interests of our Taiwan compatriots, contributes to the maintenance of peace in the Taiwan Straits region, and facilitates peaceful national reunification.We understand, trust and care about our compatriots in Taiwan, and we will, therefore, continue to implement and enrich the policies and measures that benefit them, protect their legitimate rights and interests in accordance with the law, and support economic development on the west shore of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.The compatriots on both sides of the Straits need to increase contacts, strengthen economic and cultural exchanges in more areas and at higher levels and push for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade, so that they will develop greater empathy and closer cooperation and work together for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.At present, the forces for “Taiwan independence” are stepping up their secessionist activities, seriously jeopardizing the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.The compatriots on both sides need to work together to oppose and contain such activities.China's sovereignty and territorial integrity brook no division, and any matter in this regard must be decided by the entire Chinese people including our Taiwan compatriots.We are willing to make every effort with the utmost sincerity to achieve peaceful reunification of the two sides, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any name or by any means.The two sides of the Straits are bound to be reunified in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With close solidarity and concerted efforts of all

好。我們理解、信賴、關心臺灣同胞，將繼續實施和充實惠及廣大臺灣同胞的政策措施，依法保護臺灣同胞的正當權益，支持海峽西岸和其他臺商投資相對集中地區經濟發展。兩岸同胞要加強交往，加強經濟文化交流，繼續拓展領域、提高層次，推動直接“三通”，使彼此感情更融洽、合作更深化，為實現中華民族偉大復興而共同努力。

當前，“臺獨”分裂勢力加緊進行分裂活動，嚴重危害兩岸關系和平發展。兩岸同胞要共同反對和遏制“臺獨”分裂活動。中國主權和領土完整不容分割。任何涉及中國主權和領土完整的問題，必須由包括臺灣同胞在內的全中國人民共同決定。我們愿以最大誠意、盡最大努力實現兩岸和平統一，絕不允許任何人以任何名義任何方式把臺灣從祖國分割出去。

兩岸統一是中華民族走向偉大復興的歷史必然。海內外中華兒女緊密團結、共同奮斗，祖國完全統一就一定能夠實現。

十七大報告全文英漢對照

第二篇：2005年政府工作報告(中英文)

2005年政府工作報告全文（中英文對照）

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會作政府工作報告，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

一、過去一年工作回顧

2004年，全國各族人民在中國共產黨領導下，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，團結奮進，銳意創新，社會主義現代化事業取得令人鼓舞的重大成就。過去一年，我們是 在應對新的挑戰和考驗中前進的。近兩年我國經濟運行中出現了一些新問題，主要是糧食供求關系趨緊，固定資產投資膨脹，貨幣信貸投放過

快，煤電油運緊張。如果任其發展下去，局部性問題就會演變為全局性問題。黨中央、國務院審時度勢，及時

作出了加強宏觀調控的決策和部署，按照果斷有力、適時適度、區別對待、注重實效的原則，綜合運用經濟、法律手段和必要的行政手段，著力解決影響經濟平穩較快發展的突出問題。經過全國上下共同努力，宏觀調控

取得明顯成效。經濟運行中不穩定不健康因素得到抑制，薄弱環節得到加強，避免了經濟大的起落。

一年來的成就集中表現在：經濟保持平穩較快發展，綜合國力進一步增強；改革取得重要進展，對外開放實現

新突破；社會事業加快發展，人民生活繼續改善。2004年，國內生產總值達到13.65萬億元，比上年增長9.5%；

財政收入2.63萬億元，增長21.4%；社會消費品零售總額5.4萬億元，增長13.3%；進出口貿易總額1.15萬億美元，增長35.7%，由上年居世界第四位上升為第三位；城鎮新增就業980萬人，超過預期目標；城鎮居民人均可支

配收入9422元，農村居民人均純收入2936元，扣除價格因素，分別實際增長7.7%和6.8%。這些成就，標志著我

國在全面建設小康社會道路上又邁出堅實的一步。

一年來，我們主要做了以下幾方面工作。

(一)采取更直接、更有力的政策措施，促進糧食增產和農民增收。這次宏觀調控是從加強農業入手的。主要措

施是：減免農業稅

取消除煙葉以外的農業特產稅，對種糧農民實行直接補貼，對部分地區農民實行良種補貼和農機具購置補貼，對重點糧食品種實行最低收購價政策。大幅度增加對農業、農村特別是糧食主產區的建設投入。全年中央財政

用于“三農”的支出共2626億元，增長22.5%。同時，推進農業結構調整，多渠道增加農民收入。這些政策措施

力度之大，農民得到實惠之多，是多年來少有的，極大地調動了廣大農民的積極性。糧食生產出現重要轉機，全年糧食總產量 達到46947萬噸，增產3877萬噸。糧食增產和農民增收，對于穩定經濟全局起到了至關重要的作用。

(二)控制固定資產投資過快增長，大力加強薄弱環節。主要是嚴把土地審批和信貸投放兩個閘門，控制投資需

求膨脹，遏制部分行業盲目投資和低水平重復建設。深入整頓和規范土地市場秩序，全面清理各類開發區；暫

停半年審批農用地轉非農建設用地；制定了《關于深化改革嚴格土地管理的決定》；完善國土資源管理體制。

提高商業銀行存款準備金率，上調金融機構存貸款基準利率，放開貸款利率上限，加強商業銀行資本充足率管

理；提高鋼鐵、水泥、電解鋁、房地產等行業建設項目資本金比例。依法清理在建和擬建項目。全年全社會固

定資產投資增長25.8%，增幅比一季度回落17.2個百分點。貨幣信貸增幅明顯減緩。注重結構調整，加大對農業、水利、能源、交通、環保和社會事業的投資力度。長達4000公里的西氣東輸管道

全線貫通并投入商業運營，三峽工程、西電東送、青藏鐵路、南水北調等重大建設取得新進展。全年新增煤炭

生產能力1.2億噸，新增發電裝機容量5055萬千瓦，鐵路新線投產1433公里，新增公路通車里程4.6萬公里。

西部大開發繼續推進，新開工10項國家重點建設工程，總投資800億元。東北地區等老工業基地振興開局良好，國家支持啟動了197個調整改造項目，15個采煤沉陷區治理工程開始建設。

加強經濟運行調節，緩解煤電油運緊張狀況。從增加供給、抑制不合理需求、協調供需關系等方面采取有力措

施，保障了經濟社會發展和人民生活的需要。

(三)不失時機推進經濟體制改革，擴大對外開放。深化糧食流通體制改革，全面放開糧食收購市場。農村稅費

改革進入逐步取消農業稅的新階段。國有企業改革取得新進展，國有資產監管體制框架初步建立。國有商業銀

行股份制改革順利推進。農村信用社改革擴大到29個省(自治區、直轄市)。制定并實施投資體制改革方案。全

面落實出口退稅改革措施，做到了老賬全部還清、新賬 不欠。在東北老工業基地開展了增值稅轉型改革試點

。深入整頓和規范市場秩序，加強食品、藥品安全監管，加大知識產權保護力度。堅決打擊制售假冒偽劣商品、偷逃騙稅和走私等違法犯罪活動。

我們履行加入世貿組織承諾，繼續降低關稅，擴大開放領域，貫徹修訂后的對外貿易法，全面放開外貿經營權

。實施“走出去”戰略，參與區域經濟合作。內地與香港、澳門更緊密經貿關系安排順利實施。全年實際利用

外商直接投資606億美元。(四)加大政策支持和財政投入，促進各項社會事業發展。各級政府加大對科技、教育、文化、衛生、體育事業的支持，中央財政用于這些方面的支出987億元，投入國債資金147億元。

國家創新體系、基礎研究、科技基礎設施建設和基層科技工作進一步加強。一批重大科技項目和高新技術產業

化取得新進展。圍繞制定國家中長期科學和技術發展規劃，組織2000多位專家對若干戰略問題進行研究論證。

新一輪教育振興行動計劃進展順利。西部地區“兩基”攻堅計劃開始實施。加大對貧困地區農村義務教育的支

持，繼續實施農村中小學危房改造。為中西部地區農村義務教育階段2400多萬貧困家庭學生免費提供教科書。

職業教育加快發展。高等教育注重提高質量。高校貧困家庭學生資助體系進一步完善。

以建設全國疾病預防控制體系和突發公共衛生事件醫療救治體系為重點，加快公共衛生事業發展。1410個縣級

和250個省、市(地)級疾病預防控制中心基本建成，290所緊急

救援中心陸續開工。加強對重大疾病的防治工作。重視農村衛生設施建設，穩步進行新型農村合作醫療制度試

點。采取果斷措施，及時遏制高致病性禽流感疫情蔓延。

推進文化體制改革和文化事業發展，加強文化市場管理。中央財政安排專項資金支持533個縣級圖書館、文化館

和4萬個村廣播電視設施建設。國家重大文化項目建設和自然歷史文化遺產地保護得到加強。對外文化交流更加

活躍。群眾性體育活動蓬勃開展。我國運動員在第28屆奧運會、第12屆殘疾人奧運會上取得優異成績。

加強國土資源、環境保護和生態建設工作。加大了耕地保護力度。重點流域和區域污染防治取得新進展。農村

計劃生育工作進行了新的探索，并取得積極成果。

(五)努力改善人民生活，重視解決關系群眾切身利益的突出問題。進一步落實各項政策措施，促進就業和 再就

業。繼續做好“兩個確保”和城市“低保”工作。從2004年7月1日起，全國提高企業退休人員基本養老金標準

。許多地方適時提高“低保”標準。完善城鎮社會保障體系試點工作繼續推進。中央財政全年用于社會保障的資金達1465億元，增長18.1%。

加大扶貧工作力度，中央財政安排扶貧資金122億元，農村貧困人口比上年減少290萬。去年，部分地區發生嚴

重自然災害，各級政府及時做好抗災、救災和災后重建工作，累計救助災民6800萬人次。

依法解決農村征地、城鎮房屋拆遷和企業改制中損害群眾利益的問題。拖欠農民的征地補償費已基本償還。全

面清理建筑領域拖欠工程款和進城務工農民的工資，已償還歷年拖欠工資332億元。維護人民群眾合法權益擺在了政府工作更加重要的位置。

(六)加強民主法制建設，全力維護社會穩定。積極推進基層民主建設，進一步健全村務公開和村民自治制度，繼續完善城市社區居民自治和基層管理體制。高度重視政府法制工作。國務院制定了《全面推進依法行政實施

綱要》，明確了建設法治政府的目標和任務；提出了《公司法》、《傳染病防治法》修訂

草案和《公務員法》草案等7部法律議案，制定了32件行政法規。各級政府認真實施《行政許可法》，取消和調

整了一大批行政審批項目。強化執法監督，審計、監察等部門做了大量卓有成效的工作。我們組織制定了國家

突發公共事件總體應急預案，以及應對自然災害、事故災難、公共衛生和社會安全等方面105個專項和部門應急

預案；各省(區、市)也完成了省級總體應急預案的編制工作。建設法治政府，全面履行政府職能，取得突破性

進展。以解決損害群眾利益的突出問題為重點，深入開展廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。加強社會治安綜合治理，推

進治安防控體系建設。依法嚴厲打擊各種刑事犯罪活動，初步遏制了嚴重刑事案件上升勢頭。加強和改進信訪

工作，積極化解各類矛盾。

民族、宗教、僑務工作進一步加強。國防和軍隊現代化建設取得新進展。外交工作開創新局面，我國的國際地

位進一步提高。

一年來各方面的顯著成就，是以胡錦濤（圖片-新聞-網頁）同志為總書記的黨中央駕馭全局、正確領導的結果，是全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果，各地方各部門做了大量艱苦細致的工作，社會各界、各個方面

作出了重要貢獻。我代表國務院，向全國工人、農民、知識分子和干部，向社會主義勞動者和社會主義事業建

設者，向解放軍指戰員、武警部隊官兵和公安民警，表示誠摯的感謝！向全國各族人民、各民主黨派、各人民

團體和各界人士對政府工作的信任和支持，表示誠摯的感謝！向關心和支持祖國建設和統一的香港特別行政區

同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞和臺灣同胞，以及廣大僑胞，向一切關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國朋友，表示

誠摯的感謝！

過去一年，我們不僅大步推進各項事業，而且在豐富的實踐中思想認識得到升華。各級政府增強了貫徹中央決

策和部署的自覺性，提高了用好重要戰略機遇期、更好推動發展的認識和能力。我們的主要體會是：

——必須堅持樹立和落實科學發展觀。科學發展觀是中國共產黨對社會主義現代化建設指導思想的新發展。它

進一

步明確了發展是硬道理，要以經濟建設為中心，注重提高經濟增長質量和效益；要以人為本，注重“五個統籌”，實現經濟社會全面協調可持續發展。無論是解決當前經濟運行中的突出矛盾和問題，還是全面建設小康社

會，都必須以科學發展觀為指導。要把科學發展觀貫徹到改革開放和現代化建設的全過程。

——必須堅持加強和改善宏觀調控。近兩年來的宏觀調控，是認真落實科學發展觀的重要實踐。宏觀調控與市

場機制都是社會主義市場經 濟體制的有機組成部分。要更大程度地發揮市場在資源配置中的基礎性作用，同時

要搞好宏觀調控。關鍵是要根據經濟運行的變化，把握好調控的方向、重點、時機和力度，改進調控方式方法，主要運用經濟、法律手段，輔之以必要的行政手段，促進經濟平穩運行和持續較快發展。

——必須堅持推進改革開放。我國經濟體制改革仍處在攻堅階段。要堅定不移地深化改革，消除阻礙經濟發展

和造成經濟不穩定的體制性根源，為實現經濟社會全面協調可持續發展提供制度保障。在推進經濟體制改革的同時，要協調推進政治體制改革和其他方面的改革。要堅持以開放促改革、促發展，全面提高對外開放水平，建設更加開放、更具活力的經濟體系。

——必須堅持處理好全局和局部的關系。全國經濟是一個有機整體，應當按照“全國一盤棋”的戰略布局，充

分發揮各個地區的優勢，調動中央和地方兩個積極性。國家制定方針政策，必須考慮全局利益和長遠發展，又

要照顧不同地區、不同行業的特點；地方要充分發揮各自的積極性，又必須服從國家全局和長遠發展的需要。

——必須堅持按客觀規律辦事。我國現代化建設要始終堅持從國情出發，自覺遵循客觀規律。既要積極進取，抓住機遇加快發展，又不能脫離實際條件，盲目擴大建設規模、片面追求經濟增長速度。否則，欲速則不達，還會造成嚴重損失。經濟工作和其他工作都要注重實效，把發揮主觀能動性和遵循客觀規律統一起來。

——必須堅持把人民群眾利益放

在第一位。要切實維護人民群眾的經濟、政治和文化權益，著力解決關系群眾切身利益的突出問題，保障城鄉

困難群眾的基本生活。不斷滿足人們日益增長的物質文化需要，是社會主義現代化建設的根本目的。只有執政

為民，我們的各項事業才能獲得最廣泛最可靠的群眾基礎和力量源泉。

總結一年來的工作，我們清醒地看到，經濟社會發展中還存在不少問題和困難。一是經濟運行中的突出矛盾雖

有所緩解，但尚未根本解決。農業基礎薄弱的狀 況沒有明顯改變，保持糧食增產和農民增收的難度增加；固定

資產投資還有可能反彈；煤電油運仍相當緊張；物價上漲的壓力較大。二是社會發展中的問題突出。一些地方

特別是廣大農村教育、衛生、文化等社會事業需要解決的問題較多；城鄉之間、地區之間發展差距和部分社會

成員之間收入差距過大；部分低收入群眾生活比較困難；影響社會穩定的因素不少。三是經濟社會發展中的一

些長期性問題和深層次矛盾依然存在。主要是：就業壓力巨大；經濟結構不合理，產業技術水平低，第三產業

發展滯后；投資率持續偏高，消費率偏低；經濟增長方式粗放，資源約束和環境壓力加大。特別是制約經濟社

會健康發展的體制性機制性問題仍很突出。

我們也清醒地看到，政府工作還存在不少缺點。政府自身改革和職能轉變滯后，行政審批事項仍然過多，社會

管理和公共服務職能比較薄弱；一些部門之間職責不清、協調不力，管理方式落后，辦事效率不高；有些關系

群眾利益的問題還沒有得到根本解決；有些政府工作人員依法行政觀念不強；形式主義、官僚主義、弄虛作假

和奢侈浪費的問題比較突出；腐敗現象在一些地方、部門和單位比較嚴重。

對以上問題，我們要高度重視并繼續采取措施加以解決。要增強憂患意識和責任感，戒驕戒躁，勵精圖治，知

難而進，堅持不懈地做好工作，絕不辜負人民的重托和期望。

二、2005年工作總體部署

今年，是全面完成“十五”任務、為“十一五”發展打好基礎的關鍵一年。（政府工作的基本思路是：以鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想為指導，認真貫徹黨的十六大和十六屆三中、四中全會精神，堅持用科學發展觀統領經濟社會發展全局，加強和改善宏觀調控，以改革開放為動力推進各項

工作，構建社會主義和諧社會，推動社會主義物質文明、政治文明和精神文明共同進步。

綜合考慮國內外各種因素，今年經濟社會發展主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長8%左右；城鎮新增就業900萬

人，城鎮登記失業率控制在4.6%；居民消費價格總水平漲幅控制在4%；國際收支保持基本平衡。

保持經濟平穩較快發展，是政府工作必須把握好的重大問題。我國正處于重要戰略機遇期，經濟應有較快發展，但增長速度也要適當。經濟大起或大落，都不利于經濟發展，不利于改革開放，不利于社會穩定。中央提出

今年經濟增長預期目標為8%左右，是為了使預期目標符合實際情況，既考慮需要，也考慮可能，兼顧了就業、物價等其他預期目標的要求。在社會主義市場經濟條件下，經濟社會發展預期目標是指導性的，可以根據經濟

運行的變化進行調整。各地區應當從實際出發，實事求是地提出本地區經濟社會發展的預期目標，切實把工作

重點放在提高經濟增長質量和效益上，不要盲目攀比經濟增長速度。

全面完成今年經濟社會發展的各項任務，在工作指導和部署上，要突出抓好三個方面：一是著力搞好宏觀調控。進一步消除經濟運行中不穩定不健康因素，推進經濟結構調整和增長方式轉變，保持經濟平穩較快發展，保

持價格總水平基本穩定。二是著力推進改革開放。堅持以改革推動各項工作，把深化改革同落實科學發展觀、加強和改善宏觀調控結合起來，注重用改革的辦法解決影響發展的體制問題。全面提高對外開放水平，更好地

利用國內國際兩個市場、兩種資源。三是著力建設和諧社會。建設民主法治、公平正義、誠信友愛、充滿活力、安定有序、人與自然和諧相處的社會主義和諧社會，要廣泛團結一切可以團結的力量，充分調動一切積極因

素，激發

全社會的創造活力；要妥善處理各方面利益關系，讓全體人民共享改革和建設的成果；要正確處理改革發展穩

定的關系，努力為經濟社會持續發展創造有利條件和良好環境。

三、繼續保持經濟平穩較快發展

今年經濟發展要著重抓好以下四個方面工作。

(一)堅持加強和改善宏觀調控。從當前經濟運行情況看，宏觀調控工作不能放松。今年要實行穩健的財政政策

和穩健的貨幣政策，加強各項宏觀經濟政策的協調配合。要更好地貫 徹區別對待、有保有壓的原則，更加注重

發揮市場機制的作用，更加注重運用經濟手段和法律手段，鞏固和發展宏觀調控成果。

實施穩健的財政政策。1998年以來，為了應對亞洲金融危機影響和國內需求不足問題，中央實行了積極的財政

政策。實踐證明，這一政策是正確的，取得了顯著成效。鑒于目前投資規模已經很大、社會資金增加較多，有

必要也有條件由擴張性的積極財政政策轉向松緊適度的穩健財政政策。今年要適當減少財政赤字，適當減少長

期建設國債發行規模。擬安排中央財政赤字3000億元，比上年預算減少198億元；擬發行長期建設國債800億元，比上年減少300億元，同時增加中央預算內經常性建設投資100億元。繼續發行一定規模的長期建設國債，主

要是為了加大對“三農”、社會發展、生態建設和環境保護等薄弱環節的投入，支持西部大開發、東北地區等

老工業基地振興，支持老、少、邊、窮地區加快發展；還有一部分在建項目也需要國債資金繼續予以支持。要

認真做好財稅工作。依法加強稅收征管，全面清理和規范稅收優惠政策，嚴格控制減免稅，確保財政收入穩定

增長。要嚴格控制一般性支出增長，保證重點支出需要。全面厲行節約，反對鋪張浪費。

繼續實行穩健的貨幣政策。合理調控貨幣信貸總量，既要支持經濟發展，又要防止通貨膨脹和防范金融風險。

改善金融調控方式，靈活運用多種貨幣政策工具。引導金融企業優化信貸結構，改進金融服務，支持有市場、有效益的企業流動資金貸款需要，增加

對中小企業和農村的貸款，合理控制中長期貸款。加強對金融企業的監管。積極穩妥地處置各類金融隱患，嚴

厲打擊金融領域違法犯罪活動，確保金融安全高效穩健運行。

控制固定資產投資規模。繼續把好土地審批和信貸投放兩個閘門。堅持實行最嚴格的土地管理制度，完善政策，從嚴執法。加強城市規劃和土地管理，繼續開展土地市場治理整頓，嚴格控制農用地轉為建設用地，合理控

制城市建設規模。加快完善重點行業的產業政策、專項規 劃和市場準入標準。著力優化投資結構，引導社會資

金投向發展的薄弱環節。繼續搞好經濟運行調節，進一步緩解煤電油運緊張狀況。

積極擴大消費需求。實行有利于擴大消費的財稅、金融和產業政策。穩步發展消費信貸等新型消費方式。努力改善消費環境，尤其是加快改善農村公共基礎設施，進一步搞活農村流通，開拓農村市場。培育新的消費熱點，擴大服務性消費；引導消費預期，增強消費信心，增加即期消費。

保持價格總水平基本穩定。努力保持糧食等主要農產品價格在合理水平上基本穩定，重點抑制生產資料價格和

房地產價格過快上漲，把握好公共產品和服務價格調整的時機和力度。加強市場和價格監管，堅決制止哄抬物

價行為。

(二)進一步加強“三農”工作。解決好農業、農村、農民問題，仍然是全部工作的重中之重。適應我國經濟發

展新階段的要求，實行工業反哺農業、城市支持農村的方針，合理調整國民收入分配格局，更多地支持農業和

農村發展。要圍繞提高農業綜合生產能力，實現糧食穩定增產、農民持續增收，從多方面加大支持力度。

一是穩定、完善和強化對農業的扶持政策。加快減免農業稅步伐。在全國大范圍、大幅度減免農業稅。592個國

家扶貧開發工作重點縣免征農業稅。全部免征牧業稅。因減免農(牧)業稅而減少的財政收入，主要由中央財政

安排專項轉移支付予以補助。今年中央財政為此新增支出140億元，用于這方面的支出總額將達到664億元。明

年將在全國全部免征農業稅

原定5年取消農業稅的目標，3年就可以實現。繼續對種糧農民實行直接補貼，增加良種補貼和農機具購置補貼，對重點糧食品種繼續實行最低收購價政策。采取綜合措施，控制農業生產資料價格過快上漲。中央財政還將

安排150億元，增加對產糧大縣和財政困難縣的轉移支付。這項政策對于這些地區的基層建設和農村各項事業發

展具有重要作用。

二是繼續推進農業和農村經濟結構調整。進一步發展糧食生產，穩定增加糧食播種面積，加強糧 食生產 基地建

設，嚴格保護耕地特別是基本農田。推進農業區域化布局、專業化生產和產業化經營，大力發展特色農業。加

快發展農產品加工業。積極發展林業、畜牧業和水產業。發展鄉鎮企業，壯大縣域經濟。

三是加強農田水利和農村基礎設施建設。國家基本建設投資和國債資金，要重點支持農田水利、生態建設、中

低產田改造、“六小工程”、旱作節水農業及縣鄉公路建設等。農業綜合開發資金進一步向糧食主產區傾斜。

引導和鼓勵農民對直接受益的小型基礎設施建設投工投勞。

四是加快農業科技創新和技術推廣。大幅度增加農業科技投入，加強農業科技創新能力建設，進一步完善農業

技術推廣體系。增加重大農業技術推廣專項補貼。支持和鼓勵科技人員到農村開展技術咨詢和服務。

五是多渠道轉移農村富余勞動力。發展農村二、三產業，穩步推進城鎮化建設，拓展農村勞動力就業空間。改

善農民進城務工就業、創業環境，積極開展職業技能培訓。進一步研究制定涉及農民工的各項政策。引導農村

勞動力合理有序流動。

(三)加快推進經濟結構調整和增長方式轉變。

推進產業結構優化升級。堅持走新型工業化道路。依靠科技進步，圍繞提高自主創新能力，推動結構調整。加

快開發對經濟增長有重大帶動作用的高新技術，以及能夠推動傳統產業升級的共性技術、關鍵技術和配套技術

。抓緊制定若干重大領域關鍵技術創新的目標和措施，務求盡快取得新突破。完善鼓勵創新的體制和政策體系。

堅持引進先進技術和消化吸收創新相結合，增強自主開發能力。大力發展高新技術產業，積極推進國民經濟和

社會信息化。加快用高新技術和先進適用技術改造提升傳統產業。以重大工程為依托，推動裝備制造業振興。

在專項規劃指導下，繼續加強能源、重要原材料等基礎產業和水利、交通、通信等基礎設施建設。積極發展現

代流通、旅游、社區服務等第三產業。既要加快發展資金技術密集型產業，又要繼續發展勞動密集型產業。

促進企業技

術改造和重組。要立足于現有企業基礎，重視盤活用好存量資產，防止盲目鋪新攤子。要從財稅、金融和土地

利用等方面，加大對重點企業技術改造的支持。注重企業技術改造與企業改革結合。支持和引導社會資金用于

現有企業重組和技術改造。

注重能源資源節約和合理利用。緩解我國能源資源與經濟社會發展的矛盾，必須立足國內，顯著提高能源資源

利用效率。一要堅決實行開發和節約并舉、把節約放在首位的方針。鼓勵開發和應用節能降耗的新技術，對高

能耗、高物耗設備和產品實行強制淘汰制度。二要抓緊制定專項規劃，明確各行業節能降耗的標準、目標和政

策措施。抓好重點行業的節能節水節材工作。鼓勵發展節能環保型汽車、節能省地型住宅和公共建筑。三要大

力發展循環經濟。從資源開采、生產消耗、廢棄物利用和社會消費等環節，加快推進資源綜合利用和循環利用

。積極開發新能源和可再生能源。四要加強礦產資源開發管理。整頓和規范礦產資源開發秩序。完善資源開發

利用補償機制和生態環境恢復補償機制。五要大力倡導節約能源資源的生產方式和消費方式，在全社會形成節

約意識和風氣，加快建設節約型社會。

加強環境保護和生態建設。要抓緊解決嚴重影響人民群眾健康安全的環境污染問題。以水污染防治為重點，加

強工業和城市污染治理，加強農村面源污染治理，加強飲用水源地保護。實行嚴格的排污總量控制制度，加大

環保監督和執法力度。大力推行清潔生產，發展環保產業。繼續搞好天然林保護

和草原建設，加強風沙源和水土流失治理。我們的奮斗目標是，讓人民群眾喝上干凈的水、呼吸清新的空氣，有更好的工作和生活環境。

(四)積極推動區域協調發展。實施西部大開發，振興東北地區等老工業基地，促進中部地區崛起，鼓勵東部地

區加快發展，是從全面建設小康社會和加快現代化建設全局出發作出的整體戰略部署。實行符合各地特點、發

揮比較優勢、各有側重又緊密聯系的區域發展戰略，體現了統籌協調發展的要求，既有利于 充分調動各地區的積極性，又有利于東中西互動、優勢互補、相互促進、共同發展。

認真總結實施西部大開發戰略五年來的經驗。國家要從政策措施、資金投入、產業布局、人才開發等方面，進

一步加大對西部地區的支持。繼續加強基礎設施建設和生態環境建設。做好退耕還林、退牧還草工作。大力開

發優勢資源，發展特色產業，提高加工增值能力。加快推進重點區域、重點地帶開發。積極擴大對內對外開放，加強與周邊國家和地區的經濟技術合作。抓緊建立西部開發長期穩定的專項資金渠道。

全面落實中央關于振興東北地區等老工業基地的各項政策措施。大力發展現代農業，加強國家商品糧基地建設

。加快產業結構調整升級和重點企業改革改組改造。研究建立資源型城市衰退產業援助機制，促進經濟轉型。

認真做好增值稅轉型試點和完善城鎮社會保障體系擴大試點工作。東北等老工業基地要在加快改革、擴大開放

中，主要依靠體制機制創新，走出一條實現振興的新路子。

抓緊研究制定促進中部地區崛起的規劃和措施。充分發揮中部地區的區位優勢和綜合經濟優勢，加強現代農業

特別是糧食主產區建設；加強綜合交通運輸體系和能源、重要原材料基地建設；加快發展有競爭力的制造業和

高新技術產業；開拓中部地區大市場，發展大流通。國家要從政策、資金、重大建設布局等方面給予支持。

東部地區加快發展，有利于增強國家實力和競爭力，也有利于支持和帶動其他地區發展。東部地區要在優化經

濟結構（深化體制改革、轉變增長方式等方面走在前面。更加注重提高經濟整體素質和國際競爭力，進一步發展外向型

經濟；更加注重促進城鄉、經濟社會協調發展，切實加強耕地保護、資源節約和生態環境建設。積極支持和幫

助中西部地區發展。

采取更加有力的措施，支持革命老區、少數民族地區、邊疆地區和貧困地區加快經濟社會發展。

四、大力推進經濟體制改革和對外開放

今年，我們要用更大力量推進經濟體制改革，在一些 重點領域和關鍵環節取得新突破。

(一)繼續推進農村改革。農村稅費改革是農村經濟社會領域的一場深刻變革。全部免征農業稅，取消農民各種

不合理負擔，徹底改變兩千多年來農民種田繳納“皇糧國稅”的歷史，實現這一目標只是農村稅費改革邁出的第一步，鞏固改革成果還要付出更大的努力，走更長的路。必須抓緊研究解決稅費改革中的新矛盾新問題，把

工作的重點放在搞好鄉鎮機構、農村義務教育體制和縣鄉財政管理體制等各項改革上。這是更為重要、也更為

復雜艱巨的任務。同時，要深化糧食流通體制改革、農村金融改革、農村土地管理制度改革。(二)深化國有企業改革。國有企業改革仍然是經濟體制改革的中心環節，必須堅定不移地按照中央確定的方針

政策繼續推進。一要堅持國有經濟布局和結構的戰略性調整，完善國有資本有進有退、合理流動的機制。積極

發展具有自主知識產權、知名品牌和國際競爭力的大公司大企業集團。二要加快國有大型企業股份制改革。按

照建立現代企業制度的要求，健全公司法人治理結構，轉換企業經營機制。推行企業經營業績和任期業績

責任制。規范國有企業經營者薪酬制度。三要加快解決企業辦社會問題，繼續做好國有企業政策性關閉破產工

作，建立依法破產機制。四要深化電力、電信、民航等行業改革，推進郵政、鐵路行業和城市公用事業改革，放寬市場準入，引入競爭機制。要完善國有資產管理體制和監管方式，建立國有資本經營預算制度，規范國有

企業改制和國有產

權轉讓，防止國有資產流失，維護職工合法權益。要深化集體企業改革，推動多種形式的集體經濟發展。

(三)鼓勵、支持和引導非公有制經濟發展。認真貫徹落實國務院《關于鼓勵支持和引導個體私營等非公有制經

濟發展的若干意見》，為非公有制企業創造平等競爭的法治環境、政策環境和市場環境；進一步放寬非公有資

本進入的行業和領域，拓寬非公有制企業融資渠道，依法保護私有財產權和非公有制企業權益。改進政府對非

公有制企業的 服務和監管。非公有制企業要提高自身素質，遵守國家法律法規政策和安全、環保等規定，保障

職工合法權益。

(四)加快金融體制改革。這是關系改革和發展全局的重要任務。要加快國有商業銀行改革，搞好股份制改革試

點。推進政策性銀行和其他商業銀行改革。積極穩步發展多種所有制金融企業。繼續抓緊落實國務院《關于推進資本市場改革開放和穩定發展的若干意見》，加強資本市場基礎建設，建立健全資本市場發展的各項制度，切實保護投資者特別是公眾投資者的合法權益，營造資本市場穩定和健康發展的良好環境。深化保險業改革，規范保險市場秩序。穩步推進利率市場化和人民幣匯率形成機制改革，保持人民幣匯率在合理、均衡水平上基

本穩定。完善金融監管體系，加強和改進金融監管。

(五)推進財稅體制和投資體制改革。健全公共財政體制，完善和規范中央財政轉移支付制度。完善省級以下財

政體制。搞好增值稅轉型試點，制定全面實施方案。完善出口退稅機制。深化預算管理制度改革。全面落實投

資體制改革決定，制定相關辦法，完善項目審批、核準和備案制度；建立新形勢下的全社會投資調控體系；規

范政府投資的范圍和行為；健全政府投資監管制度；建立政府投資和國有企業投資責任制與責任追究制，從根

本上改變投資決策失誤而無人負責的狀況。

(六)加強市場體系建設。積極發展各類要素市場。規范發展產權交易市場。推進流通體制改革，大力發展現代

流通方式。深化價格改革，理順價格關

系。深入整頓和規范市場秩序，重點是繼續抓好直接關系人民群眾身體健康和生命安全的食品、藥品市場專項

整治；繼續整頓和規范農資市場、建筑市場和房地產市場；深入開展保護知識產權專項行動；嚴厲打擊非法傳

銷和各種商業欺詐行為，打擊走私、偷逃騙稅、洗錢等經濟犯罪活動。加快社會信用體系建設。

今年，我國對外開放面臨不少新情況。關稅要降到加入世貿組織承諾的水平，取消大多數非關稅措施，進一步

開放服務領域。我們要 適應新形勢，切實做好對外開放工作。一要加快轉變對外貿易增長方式。優化出口商品

結構，促進加工貿易升級，保持出口繼續增長。繼續搞好能源、重要原材料、關鍵技術和重大設備的進口。改

革口岸管理體制，加快“大通關”建設。妥善處理國際貿易摩擦和糾紛。二要繼續積極合理利用外資。著力提

高利用外資質量，更好地把引進外資與提升國內產業結構和技術水平結合起來。鼓勵外商投資高新技術產業、現代服務業、現代農業和中西部地區，限制高消耗、高污染的項目。三要進一步實施“走出去”戰略。鼓勵有

條件的企業對外投資和跨國經營，加大信貸、保險、外匯等支持力度，加強對“走出去”企業的引導和協調。

建立健全境外國有資產監管制度。四要抓緊做好加入世貿組織后過渡期各項工作。繼續發展多邊、雙邊經貿關

系，積極參與區域經濟合作。

五、積極發展社會事業和建設和諧社會

貫徹落實科學發展觀，必須大力實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略和可持續發展戰略，加快社會事業發展；著

力解決與人民群眾切身利益相關的突出問題，維護社會穩定，努力構建社會主義和諧社會。

(一)大力發展科技、教育、文化、衛生、體育事業，加強精神文明建設。加快科技改革和發展。今年要發布國

家中長期科學和技術發展規劃綱要。繼續推進國家創新體系建設。加強基礎研究、戰略高技術研究和重要公益

性技術研究。繼續實施一批重大科技專項，加大關鍵技術攻關力度。加強重大科技基礎設施和國家重點科

研基地建設。深化科技體制改革，加快建立與社會主義市場經濟體制相適應的科技管理體制、創新機制和現代

院所制度。充分發揮企業在技術創新中的主體作用。加強產學研結合，促進科技成果產業化。堅持社會科學和

自然科學并重，進一步繁榮和發展哲學社會科學。

切實把教育放在優先發展的戰略地位。重點加強農村義務教育，完善以政府投入為主的經費保障機制。繼 續實

施西部地區“兩基”攻堅計劃。從今年起，免除國家扶貧開發工作重 點縣農村義務教育階段貧困家庭學生的書

本費、雜費，并補助寄宿學生生活費；到2007年在全國農村普遍實行這一政策，使貧困家庭的孩子都能上學讀

書，完成義務教育。認真解決好進城務工農民子女上學的問題。著力提高高等教育質量。大力發展各類職業教

育。認真貫徹黨的教育方針，加強德育工作，推進素質教育，促進學生全面發展。加快教學內容和方法的改革

與創新，切實減輕學生負擔。加快現代遠程教育工程建設。繼續促進民辦教育健康發展。嚴格規范各類學校招

生和收費制度，加強學校財務管理和監督。

加快衛生事業改革和發展。今年要全面建成疾病預防控制體系，基本完成突發公共衛生事件醫療救治體系建設

。切實把醫療衛生工作的重點放在農村，加強農村衛生基礎設施和衛生隊伍建設。推進新型農村合作醫療制度

試點，探索建立醫療救助制度。加強重大傳染病及地方病、職業病的防治工作。認真落實各項預防、救治、關

愛措施，堅決遏制

滋病（圖片-新聞-網頁）蔓延。開展城市醫療服務體制改革試點。大力發展社區衛生服務。積極發展中醫藥事

業。深入整頓和規范醫療服務收費和藥品購銷秩序，切實解決群眾看病難、看病貴的問題。

繼續做好人口發展戰略研究工作。穩定計劃生育政策和低生育水平，提高人口素質。擴大對農村部分計劃生育

家庭實行獎勵扶助制度和“少生快富”扶貧工程的試點。做好老齡人口工作。關心和支持殘疾人事業。

大力發展社會主義先進文化。加強思想道德建設，弘揚以愛國主義為核心的民族精神和以改革創新為核心的時代精神，弘揚集體主義、社會主義思想。加強和改

進未成年人思想道德建設和大學生思想政治教育。推動文化體制改革和機制創新，加快文化事業和文化產業發

展。堅持一手抓繁榮、一手抓管理。發展文學藝術、新聞出版和廣播影視業。加強互聯網建設和管理。加快農

村基層文化建設，提高廣播電視“村村通”水平。深入開展群眾性精神文明創建活動。堅持不懈地進行“掃黃

”“打非”斗爭。廣泛開展全民健身運動。繼續做好2008年北京奧運會和2010年上海世界博覽會的籌辦工作。

加強各類型、多層次人才隊伍建設。特別要培養、吸引、用好高層次和高技能人才，促進人才合理流動，加強

人才市場法制建設。

(二)進一步做好就業和社會保障工作，提高人民生活水平。繼續實行積極的就業政策。認真落實各項扶持再就

業的政策措施，并把實施范圍擴大到集體企業下崗職工。今年中央財政安排109億元資金支持再就業，比上年增

加26億元。地方財政也要增加投入。加強就業指導、培訓和服務。統籌做好城鎮新增勞動力、高校畢業生、復

員退伍軍人和農村富余勞動力的就業工作。加強勞動保障監察。

加快社會保障體系建設。完善企業職工基本養老保險制度，堅持社會統籌與個人賬戶相結合，擴大做實個人賬

戶試點。推進國有企業下崗職工基本生活保障向失業保險并軌，今年在全國多數地區基本解決歷史遺留的國有

企業下崗職工問題，今后企業裁員將逐步依法直接

納入失業保險或城市“低保”。依法擴大養老、失業、醫療、工傷等社會保險覆蓋面，提高個體、私營和外資

企業的參保率，完善靈活就業人員的參保辦法。加大社會保險費的征繳力度，逐步提高統籌層次。研究制定機關事業單位養老保障制度改革方案。進一步完善城市“低保”制度，有條件的地方可探索建立農村居民最低生

活保障制度。做好優待撫恤工作。支持慈善事業發展。

繼續增加城鄉居民收入，特別是中低收入者收入。通過多種措施 促進農民收入持續增長。抓緊建立確保進城

務工農民工資正常支付的機制，繼續做好清欠工作。各類企業都要嚴格執行最低工資制度，按時足額支付職工

工資，并在提高效益的基礎上增加職工收入。改革和規范公務員工資制度。

推進收入分配制度改革。整頓和規范分配秩序，抓緊完善個人所得稅制度，加大收入分配調節力度，逐步理順

分配關系，努力解決部分社會成員收入差距過大的問題，促進社會公平。

高度重視解決城鄉困難群眾基本生活問題。各地要加快建立城鄉特殊困難群眾的社會救助體系，幫助他們解決

看病、住房、子女上學等實際困難。完善農村“五保戶”供養制度。增加扶貧投入，積極幫助貧困地區群眾脫

貧致富。做好受災地區減免稅收和受災群眾生產生活救濟等工作。

(三)加強民主法制建設，切實維護社會穩定。積極穩妥地推進政治體制改革，加強社會主義民主政治建設。進

一步擴大基層民主，完善基層民主管理制度。做好政府立法工作，重點加強完善宏觀調控機制、應對處置各種

突發事件、保障勞動者合法權益等方面的立法。推進司法體制改革，維護司法公正。各級政府都要支持審判機

關和檢察機關依法獨立行使審判權和檢察權。加強普法宣傳教育。做好法律服務和法律援助工作。依法保障婦

女、未成年人和殘疾人的合法權益。

全面貫徹黨的民族政策，堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，鞏固和發展平等、團結、互助的社會主義民族關系，促進各民族共同繁榮進步。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基

本方針，認真實施《宗教事務條例》，做好新形勢下的宗教工作。進一步做好僑務工作。

高度重視社會穩定工作。正確處理人民內部矛盾，及時合理地解決群眾反映的問題，堅決依法糾正各種損害群

眾利益的行為。認真實施《信訪條例》，加強和改進信訪工作。建立健全社會矛盾糾紛調處機制，完善社會穩

定的預警體系和應急處理機制，積極預防和妥善處置群體性事件。進一步加強社會治安綜合治理，積極推進社

會治安防控體系建設。依法嚴 今日焦點：

厲打擊各種刑事犯罪，特別是危害國家安全犯罪、嚴重暴力犯罪、黑社會性質組織犯罪、毒品犯罪和多發性侵

財犯罪，增強人民群眾的安全感。提高保障公共安全和處置突發事件的能力，減少自然災害、事故災難等突發

事件造成的損失。增強國家安全意識，構建維護國家安全的機制。

去年以來，一些地方和行業發生的多起重大特大安全事故，給人民生命財產造成嚴重損失。我們必須認真吸取

這些慘痛的教訓，采取更加有力的措施加強安全生產工作。要嚴格安全生產責任制，強化安全管理，加大對安

全生產的檢查執法力度，消除各種隱患，預防和減少重大特大事故的發生。當前，要把煤礦安全作為突出任務，完善煤礦安全監管體制和機制，發揮職工群眾對安全生產的監督作用，加大對煤礦安全設施的投入，提高安

全生產技術水平。國務院決定今年安排30億元建設資金，支持國有煤礦安全技術改造，地方和企業也要增加安

全生產投入。我們要以對人民高度負責的精神，切實改善煤炭生產安全狀況。

六、加強行政能力建設和政風建設

一年來，我們在貫徹實施行政許可法、堅持科學民主決策、推進依法行政、加強社會管理等方面，做了一些工

作。我們深知，政府自身建設還有不小差距。我們要認真貫徹黨的十六屆四中全會精神，加快政府自身改革和

建設步伐。

第一，深化政府機構改革。按照精簡、統一、效能的原則和決策、執行、監督相協調的要求，完善機構設置，理順職能分工，嚴格控制編制，實現政府職

責、機構和編制的科學化、規范化、法定化。要鞏固政府機構改革成果，及時解決出現的新問題。加快推進鄉

鎮機構改革，重點是合理界定鄉鎮機構職能，精簡機構和減少財政供養人員。積極穩妥地分類推進事業單位改

革。依法規范對事業單位的授權行為。

第二，加快轉變政府職能。進一步推進政企分開、政資分開、政事分開。堅決把政府不該管的事交給企業、市

場和社會組織，充分發揮社會團體、行業協會、商會和中介機構的作用。政府應 該管的事情一定要管好。在繼

續抓好經濟調節、市場監管的同時，更加注重社會管理和公共服務，把財力物力等公共資源更多地向社會管理

和公共服務傾斜，把領導精力更多地放在促進社會事業發展和建設和諧社會上。認真貫徹行政許可法，繼續深

化行政審批制度改革，進一步清理、減少和規范行政審批事項。

第三，改進經濟管理方式方法。要徹底改變計劃經濟的傳統觀念和做法。各級政府抓經濟發展，主要是為市場

主體服務和創造良好發展環境，不能包辦企業投資決策，不能代替企業招商引資，不能直接干預企業生產經營

活動。各級領導干部要增強按市場經濟規律領導經濟工作的意識和能力，增強按國際通行規則辦事的意識 和能

力，增強主要運用經濟、法律手段調節經濟運行的意識和能力。

第四，努力建設服務型政府。創新政府管理方式，寓管理于服務之中，更好地為基層、企業和社會公眾服務。

整合行政資源，降低行政成本，提高行政效率和服務水平。政府各部門要各司其職，加強協調配合。健全社會

公示、社會聽證等制度，讓人民群眾更廣泛地參與公共事務管理。大力推進政務公開，加強電子政務建設，增

強政府工作透明度，提高政府公信力。

第五，提高依法行政能力。認真貫徹依法治國基本方略，全面實施國務院頒布的依法行政綱要，加快建設法治

政府。各級政府及其部門都要嚴格遵守憲法和法律，依照法定權限和程序行使權力，履行職責，接受監督。實

行行政執法責任制，堅決克服多頭執法、執法不公 的現象。強化行政問責制，對行政過錯要依法追究。各部門都要加強內部管理，積極配合和支持審計、監察部

門依法履行職責，對于發現的問題要認真整改。進一步擴大公民、社會和新聞輿論對政府及其部門的監督。

第六，大力加強政風建設。堅持以人為本、執政為民。牢固樹立科學發展觀和正確政績觀，大興求真務實之風

。嚴格執行統計法。抓緊研究建立科學的政府績效評估體系和經濟社會發展綜合評價體系。堅決反對形式主義

和虛報浮夸，不搞勞民傷財的“形象工程”、“政績工程”。減少會議和文件，改進會風和文風。嚴格規范和

控制各種檢查、評比、達標活動。認真貫徹國務院第三次廉政工作會議精神，以改革和制度建設為重點，加強

廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭。結合開展保持共產黨員先進性教育活動，加強對公務員的教育、管理和監督，努力建

設一支人民滿意的公務員隊伍。

各位代表！

加強國防和軍隊建設，是我國現代化建設的戰略任務，是維護國家安全統一的重要保障。堅持以毛澤東軍事思

想、鄧小平新時期軍隊建設思想、江澤民（圖片-新聞-網頁）國防和軍隊建設思想為指導，緊緊圍繞打得贏、不變質兩個歷史性課題，加強軍隊全面建設，切實履行軍隊在新世紀新階段的歷史使命。始終把思想政治建設

擺在首位，保持軍隊建設的正確方向。以新時期軍事戰略方針為統攬，積極推進中國特色軍事變革，提高部隊

信息化條件下的整體防衛作戰能力。深入開展科技練兵，培養高素質新型軍事人才。大力加強國防科研和武器

裝備現代化建設。繼續推進國防科技工業改革和發展。圓滿完成裁減軍隊員額20萬的任務。推進軍隊后勤建設，增強保障能力。堅持從嚴治軍、依法治軍，提高軍隊正規化水平。加強人民武裝警察部隊建設，提高執勤和

處置突發事件的能力。增強全民國防觀念，完善國防動員體制，加強后備力量建設。各級政府要積極支持國防

和軍隊建設，促進軍政軍民團結。

各位代表！

我們將堅定不移地貫徹執行“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高

度自治的方針，嚴格按照香港特別行政區基本法和澳門特別行政區基本法辦事。全力支持香港、澳門兩個特別

行政區行政長官和政府依法施政，進一步提高施政能力。加強內地同香港、澳門在經貿、教育、科技、文化、衛生等領域的交流與合作，促進香港、澳門長期繁榮、穩定和發展。

我們堅持“和平統一、一國兩制”的基本方針和現階段發展兩岸關系、推進祖國和平統一進程的八項主張，維護臺海和平和兩岸關系穩定發展。我們鼓勵和推動 兩岸人員往來和經濟、文化等領域的交流與合作，鼓勵和推

動兩岸直接“三通”。繼續爭取在一個中國原則基礎上恢復兩岸平等的協商和談判。只要是對兩岸關系發展與

和平統一有利的事，我們都會盡最大努力去做。這次大會將要審議的《反分裂國家法(草案)》，充分體現我們

以最大的誠意、盡最大的努力爭取和平統一的一貫立場，表明全中國人民維護國家主權和領土完整、絕不允許

“臺獨”分裂勢力以任何名義、任何方式把臺灣從中國分割出去的共同意志和堅定決心。我們將與廣大臺灣同

胞一道，為完成祖國統一大業而共同奮斗！

七、堅持和平發展道路與獨立自主的和平外交政策

國際形勢正在發生復雜而深刻的變化。和平與發展仍然是當今時代的主題。中國社會主義現代化建設道路是一

條和平發展的道路。這條道路，就是利用世界和平的有利時機實現自身發展，又以自身的發展更好地維護和促

進世界和平；就是在積極參與經濟全球化和區域合作的同時，主要依靠自己的力量和改革創新來實現發展；就

是堅持對外開放，在平等互利的基礎上，積極發展同世界各國的合作；就是聚精會神搞建設，一心一意謀發展，長期維護和平的國際環境和良好的周邊環境；就是永遠不稱霸，永遠做維護世界和平和促進共同發展的堅定

力量。

我們堅持走和平發展道路，就必須堅定不移地高舉和平、發展、合作的旗幟，一如既往地奉行獨立自主的和平

外交政策，堅持在和平共處五項原則基礎上與世界各國友好相處。

一年來，我們積極開展全方位外交，努力爭取和平穩定的國際環境、睦鄰友好的周邊環境、平等互利的合作環

境和客觀友善的輿論環境，在一系列涉及世界和地區安全與發展的重大問題上發揮了建設性作用，加強了中國

同世界各國的友好交往和互利合作，中國人民與世界各國人民的友誼進一步增強。我們為維護世界和平、促進

共同發展作出了新貢獻。

在新的一年，我們將繼續推動世界多極化、國際關系民主化和發展模式多樣化，促進經濟全球化朝著有利

于各國共同繁榮的方向發展，積極倡導多邊主義和新安全觀，反對霸權主義和強權政治，反對一切形式的恐怖

主義，推動建立和平穩定、公正合理的國際新秩序。我們將深化與發展中國家的互利合作，維護與發展中國家的共同利益。堅持與鄰為善、以鄰為伴的方針，加強與周邊國家的友好合作關系，深化區域合作。進一步發展

同發達國家的關系，努力擴大共同利益的匯合點，妥善處理分歧。我們將積極參與國際多邊外交活動，維護和

加強聯合國及其安理會的權威和主導作用，在國際和地區組織中作出建設性的努力。我們將全面加強經濟外交

和對外文化交流，積極維護我國公民在海外的生命安全和合法權益。

中國政府和中國人民愿與世界各國人民一道，共同為維護和促進人類的和平、發展與進步事業而不懈努力。

各位代表！

我國各族人民正意氣風發地在中國特色社會主義道路上闊步前進。我們對偉大祖國的美好前景充滿信心。讓我們在以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央領導下，高舉鄧小平理論和“三個代表”重要思想偉大旗幟，同心同德，再接再厲，奮發圖強，不斷奪取改革開放和現代化建設事業的新勝利

Fellow Deputies, On behalf of the State Council, I now submit a report on the work of the

government for your examination and approval and also for comments and suggestions from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.Review of the Work in 2004

Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups

held high the great banners of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three

Represents, worked together in an innovative spirit, and made major achievements worth

celebrating in the socialist modernization drive in 2004.We made progress while responding to new challenges and tests during the past year.Some new

problems have emerged in China's economic activities over the last two years, mainly tight grain

supply, overheated investment in fixed assets, excessive money and credit, and shortages of coal，electricity, petroleum and transportation.If allowed to grow unchecked, these isolated problems

could have had an overall impact.After sizing up the situation, the CPC Central Committee and

the State Council promptly made decisions and arrangements for strengthening macro-regulation.Acting on the principles of adopting resolute and effective measures, taking timely and

appropriate steps, dealing with problems individually and stressing practical results, they

worked to solve prominent problems threatening steady and rapid economic development through a

combination of economic and legal means, plus administrative means when necessary.Thanks to the

concerted efforts of the whole nation, their macro-regulation achieved significant results.Destabilizing, unsound factors threatening economic performance were contained, weak links were

strengthened, and large economic fluctuations were avoided.The main achievements over the past year were: the economy maintained steady and rapid

development, overall national strength increased, significant progress was made in our reform，breakthroughs were achieved in opening up, social development was accelerated, and people's lives

improved.China's GDP in 2004 reached 13.65 trillion yuan, an increase of 9.5 percent over the

previous year.Government revenue came to 2.63 trillion yuan, up 21.4 percent.Retail sales of

consumer goods totaled 5.4 trillion yuan, up 13.3 percent.The volume of imports and exports

totaled 1.15 trillion US dollars, an increase of 35.7 percent, moving China up to third place in

the world from fourth in the previous year.Some 9.8 million urban residents entered the

workforce for the first time, a figure that exceeded the target.Urban per capita disposable

income was 9,422 yuan, an increase of 7.7 percent in real terms after allowing for price factors，and rural per capita net income was 2,936 yuan, up 6.8 percent in real terms after allowing for

price factors.All of the above shows that China has taken another solid step forward on the road

of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The work we accomplished during the past year mainly consisted of the following.1.Adopting more direct and effective policies and measures to stimulate increases in grain

production and rural incomes.Our macro-regulatory initiative started with efforts to strengthen

agriculture.The major measures we took were reducing or exempting the agricultural tax，rescinding all taxes on special agricultural products except tobacco, directly subsidizing grain

producers, providing subsidies to farmers in certain areas to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and setting a floor price for the purchase of major cereal

varieties.Investment was substantially increased in agriculture and rural areas, particularly in

major grain-producing areas.Altogether, the central government spent 262.6 billion yuan on

agriculture, rural areas and farmers, an increase of 22.5 percent.We also promoted agricultural

restructuring to increase rural incomes through multiple channels.The intensity of these

policies and measures and the substantial benefits to the farmers have rarely been seen in recent

years.This greatly aroused the enthusiasm of farmers, resulting in a rebound in grain

production.Grain output for 2004 totaled 469.47 million tons, 38.77 million tons more than the

previous year.The increases in grain production and farmers' incomes played a crucial role in

maintaining overall economic stability.2.Bringing excessive investment in fixed assets under

control and strengthening weak links.We curbed expansion of investment demand and the haphazard

investment and low-level, redundant construction in some industries mainly by maintaining strict

control over the twin valves of approval for land use and availability of credit.We thoroughly

rectified and standardized order in the land market and straightened out all types of development

zones.We froze the transfer of land from agricultural to nonagricultural purposes for six

months, formulated the Decision on Deepening Reforms for Tightening Land Management, and improved

the system for managing land and resources.We increased the reserve requirements for commercial

banks, raised the basic interest rates on deposits and loans for financial institutions and the

ceiling for interest rates on loans, and strengthened the management of commercial banks in terms

of capital requirements.We increased the required proportion of up-front capital for

construction projects in the steel, cement, electrolytic aluminum and real estate industries.We

straightened out projects under and awaiting construction in accordance with the law.Fixed asset

investment across the country increased by 25.8 percent for the whole year, 17.2 percentage

points less than the first quarter.The growth of money and credit slowed significantly.Efforts were focused on restructuring, and investment was increased in agriculture, water

conservancy, energy, transportation, environmental protection and social undertakings.A

4,000-kilometer-long pipeline to divert natural gas from the west to the east was completed in

its entirety and put into operation.Further progress was made on major projects such as the

Three Gorges Dam Project, the West-to-East Electricity Transmission Project, the Qinghai-Tibet

Railway, and the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.Coal production capacity was expanded by

million tons, installed power-generating capacity was increased by 50.55 million kilowatts，and an additional 1,433 kilometers of railways and 46,000 kilometers of highways were opened to

traffic in 2004.We continued to promote the development of the western region by starting construction on ten key

projects involving investment of 80 billion yuan.The work of revitalizing Northeast China and

other old industrial bases got off to a good start.With state support, 197 improvement or

upgrading projects were undertaken.Work was begun to bring 15 sinkholes in coalmining areas

under control.Improved regulation of economic activities alleviated shortages of coal, electricity, petroleum

and transportation.Effective measures were adopted to increase supply, curb irrational demand

and balance supply and demand, thus ensuring that the needs of economic and social development

and people's well-being were met.3.Taking advantage of opportunities to move forward with economic restructuring and open wider

to the outside world.We deepened reform of the grain distribution system and lifted all controls

on the grain market.The reform of rural taxes and administrative charges entered a new stage of

gradually phasing out the agricultural tax.Further progress was made in the reform of

state-owned enterprises.A basic framework for the oversight and management system for state

assets was established.The reform to turn state-owned commercial banks into stock companies

progressed smoothly.The reform of rural credit cooperatives was extended to 29 provinces，autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government.A plan for reforming

the investment system was formulated and implemented.We comprehensively implemented measures to

reform the export tax rebate mechanism, and we cleared up all old outstanding accounts and did

not allow any new ones to emerge.The VAT reform was begun in the old industrial base of

Northeast China on a trial basis.We intensified efforts to rectify and standardize the market

order, strengthened the supervision of food and drug safety and the protection of intellectual

property rights, and resolutely cracked down on the manufacture and sale of counterfeit and

substandard goods, tax evasion and fraud, smuggling and other illegal and criminal activities.To fulfill the commitments we made when we joined the World Trade Organization(WTO), we

continued to lower tariffs and opened more areas to foreign competition.We put into effect a

revised Foreign Trade Law, lifted all controls over the right to engage in foreign trade，instituted a “go global” strategy and participated in regional economic cooperation.We smoothly

implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and Hong Kong and

between the mainland and Macao.China utilized 60.6 billion US dollars in foreign direct

investment in 2004.4.Increasing policy support and government spending to stimulate the development of all social

undertakings.Governments at all levels increased their support for science and technology，education, culture, health and sports.Spending for these items amounted to 98.7 billion yuan

from the central budget and 14.7 billion yuan from the sale of treasury bonds.We strengthened the national innovation system and infrastructure development for basic research

and for science and technology, as well as primary-level scientific and technological work.Continued progress was made on a group of major scientific and technological projects and the

industrialization of new and high technologies.We organized over 2,000 experts to study and

discuss a number of strategic issues bearing on the formulation of a national medium-and

long-term program for scientific and technological development.A new round of measures to implement the Action Plan for Invigorating Education was smoothly

introduced, and we started to implement the plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically

universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western

region.We increased support for compulsory education in poor rural areas, continued to renovate

dangerous primary and secondary school buildings in rural areas, and provided free textbooks for

more than 24 million students from poor rural families receiving compulsory education in the

central and western regions.The development of vocational education was accelerated.Work in

higher education was centered on improving quality.The financial aid system for college students

from poor families was improved.We accelerated the development of public health undertakings, focusing on building a national

disease prevention and control system and a medical response system for public health

emergencies.Construction on 1,410 county-level and 250 provincial-and city-(prefectural-)

level disease prevention and control centers was basically completed, and construction on 290

emergency medical centers is underway.We intensified our work to prevent and control serious

diseases.We put a lot of effort into building health facilities in rural areas.Pilot projects

for a new system of rural cooperative medical and health care services progressed steadily.We

adopted resolute measures to promptly halt the spread of highly pathogenic avian flu.We promoted reform of the cultural system and development of cultural undertakings and

strengthened supervision over the cultural market.Funds were appropriated in the central budget

to support the construction of 533 county-level libraries and community centers, and radio and TV

facilities in 40,000 villages.The development of major state cultural projects and the

protection of natural, historical and cultural heritage sites were intensified.We had more

cultural exchanges with foreign countries.Recreational sports activities flourished.The

performances of Chinese athletes were outstanding at the 28th Olympics and the 12th Special

Olympics.We intensified our work relating to land and resources, environmental protection and ecological

conservation.We strengthened protection of our arable land.Further progress was made in

preventing and controlling pollution in key river valleys and regions.Positive results were

obtained from trials of new ways of carrying out family planning work in rural areas.5.Working hard to improve people's lives and paying particular attention to solving prominent

problems relating to their vital interests.We further implemented all policies and measures to

stimulate employment and reemployment.We continued successful efforts to provide the “two

guarantees”(guarantee of a basic living allowance for workers laid off from state-owned

enterprises and guarantee that the pensions of retirees are paid on time and in full, tr.)and

ensure needy urban residents receive subsistence allowances.The national standards for basic

retirement benefits for workers retired from enterprises were raised on July 1, 2004.Many local

governments also promptly raised the level of their subsistence allowances.We continued work on

the pilot projects to improve the urban social security system.A total of 146.5 billion yuan was

spent from the central budget for social security last year, an increase of 18.1 percent over the

previous year.Poverty alleviation work was intensified, with 12.2 billion yuan appropriated from the central

budget for this work, thereby reducing the number of poverty-stricken rural people by 2.9 million

year-on-year.Some areas of the country suffered serious natural disasters last year.Governments

at all levels promptly provided disaster relief and carried out reconstruction work, assisting 68

million victims.We solved problems in the expropriation of rural land, the demolition of urban housing and the

transformation of enterprises that infringe on people's interests in accordance with the law.Overdue payments owed to farmers as compensation for expropriated land were basically cleared up.We thoroughly solved the problem of defaults on construction costs in the construction industry

and unpaid wages for migrant workers.A total of 33.2 billion yuan of wages that had been owed

for a number of years has now been paid.Safeguarding the people's lawful rights and interests

was given greater importance in the government's work.6.Strengthening democracy and the legal system and doing everything possible to safeguard social

stability.Democracy at lower levels of government was vigorously expanded, the system for making

village affairs more transparent and the system of self-governance for villagers were

strengthened, and the system of self-governance of communities and management at the primary

level in urban areas was further improved.The government attached great importance to

legislation.The State Council formulated the Program for Comprehensively Implementing Government

Administration in accordance with the Law, which clearly set forth the objectives and tasks for

establishing a law-based government.It also produced revised drafts of the Company Law and the

Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases, a draft Civil Service Law and four

other bills and enacted 32 administrative regulations.Governments at all levels conscientiously

implemented the Administrative Permission Law and eliminated or streamlined a large number of

items requiring administrative approval.Oversight of law enforcement was strengthened, and

auditing and supervision authorities did a great deal of outstanding work.We organized the

formulation of a national master plan for responding to public emergencies, as well as 105

special and departmental plans for responding to emergencies such as natural disasters，catastrophic accidents, public health emergencies and other threats to public security.All

provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government also

formulated their own emergency response plans.Breakthroughs were made in building a law-based

government and fully performing government functions.We intensified efforts to build a clean government and combat corruption, focusing on solving

outstanding problems that threatened people's interests.We strengthened all facets of public

security and improved the system for crime prevention and control.We severely cracked down on

criminal activities in accordance with law and slowed down the rise in serious crime.We

strengthened and improved the work of handling letters and visits from the people and strove to

resolve all kinds of conflicts.We intensified work relating to ethnic, religious and overseas Chinese affairs.Further progress

was made in modernizing national defense and the army.Our diplomatic work entered a new phase，and China's international standing rose higher.The outstanding accomplishments in all areas last year are the result of the Central Committee

with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary staying on top of the overall situation and providing

correct leadership.They are also the result of the people of all ethnic groups working together

as one and tenaciously striving to succeed.All localities and departments did a great deal of

arduous and painstaking work, and all sectors of society and people from all walks of life made

important contributions.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to express our sincere

gratitude to all our workers, farmers, intellectuals and cadres;to all those who work for the

cause of socialism;and to the members of the People's Liberation Army, the armed police and the

public security police.I would like to extend our heartfelt thanks to the people of all our

ethnic groups, to all the democratic parties and mass organizations and to people from all walks

of life for their trust in and support for the work of the government.I would also like to

express our sincere thanks to all our compatriots in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region，the Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese who care about and

support the development and reunification of our motherland, and to all our friends in other

countries who care about and support China's modernization drive.We not only made great progress in all our undertakings during the past year, but also enhanced

our understanding through a wealth of practical experience.Governments at all levels took more

initiative in implementing the central authorities' decisions and plans and became better able

and more aware of the need to take advantage of this period of important strategic opportunities

to promote development.The main things we have learned from our experience are as follows.--We must establish and implement a scientific outlook on development.This outlook is a new

development that the CPC has incorporated into its guiding ideology for the socialist

modernization drive.It emphasizes that development is an absolute necessity, that we should

focus on economic development and improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth, and that

we should put people first and stress the “five balances”(balancing urban and rural development，development among regions, economic and social development, development of man and nature, and

domestic development and opening wider to the outside world, tr.), in order to achieve all-round，balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society.We must be guided by a

scientific outlook on development in solving current outstanding problems in economic activities

and in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and adhere to this outlook

during the entire course of reform, opening up and modernization.--We must strengthen and improve macro-regulation.Macro-regulation has been an important way of

implementing a scientific outlook on development over the past two years.Both macro-regulation

and market forces are integral components of the socialist market economy.We need to make better

use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources and carry out macro-regulation

well.It is important to adapt the direction, focus, timing and intensity of regulation to

economic changes and to improve the methods of exercising it, which is mainly through economic

and legal means supplemented by administrative means when necessary, in order to promote economic

stability and sustained and rapid economic development.38

--We must continue on the path of reform and opening up.China's economic restructuring is still

at a stage where critical problems need to be addressed.We will unswervingly deepen reform and

eliminate structural factors that impede economic development and cause economic instability to

provide an institutional guarantee for all-round, balanced and sustainable economic and social

development.We need to coordinate political restructuring and other reforms with the ongoing

economic restructuring.We need to continue to promote reform and development through opening up

and open up even wider to the outside world in all areas to make China's economic system more

open and vigorous.--We must balance overall and local interests.Our national economy is an organic whole, so we

should allow different regions to fully exploit their own advantages and mobilize the initiatives

of both central and local governments in line with the strategic concept of “coordinating all the

activities of the nation like moves in a chess game.” In formulating any principles and policies，we must consider not only the overall interests of the country and its long-term development but

also the characteristics of each region and industry.Local governments should give full

expression to their own initiative while subordinating their needs to those of the country as a

whole and the requirements for long-term development.--We must act in accordance with objective laws.In our modernization drive we must always

proceed from actual conditions in the country and conscientiously abide by objective laws.We

should work energetically and seize opportunities to speed up development, but we must not ignore

reality, recklessly expand the scale of development and only pursue rapid economic growth.If we

do not keep this in mind, we could end up “just spinning our wheels and going nowhere” or even

suffering serious losses.Whether we are doing economic work or other work, we must strive for

real results by combining our subjective initiative with adherence to objective laws.39

--We must always put the interests of the people first.We must truly protect the people's

economic, political and cultural rights and interests, pay particular attention to solving acute

problems affecting their vital interests, and ensure that poor urban and rural residents have the

basic necessities of life.The fundamental goal of our socialist modernization drive is to

continually meet the growing material and cultural needs of the people.Only if we exercise power

for the good of the people can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people

and draw from them the strength for accomplishing all our undertakings.In reviewing our work of the past year, we clearly see that many problems and difficulties remain

in our economic and social development.First, although the outstanding problems in economic

activities have been somewhat alleviated, they have yet to be fundamentally solved.Weaknesses in

agriculture as the foundation of the economy still have not improved substantially, and it has

become harder to continue increasing grain production and rural incomes.In addition, there is

the possibility of a return to overheating in fixed asset investment, supplies of coal，electricity, petroleum and transportation are still very tight, and there is still considerable

inflationary pressure on prices.Second, there are glaring problems in social development.We

still need to solve quite a few problems in education, health and culture in some areas，especially rural areas.The development gaps between urban and rural areas and between different

regions and the income gap between some members of society are all too wide.Some low-income

people lead difficult lives and there are more than a few factors threatening social stability.Third, there are still some longstanding and deep-seated problems in economic and social

development.The main ones are as follows.There is considerable pressure on employment.The

economic structure is irrational, the level of industrial technology is low, and tertiary

industry is developing too slowly.The investment rate continues to be too high, and consumption

remains weak.Economic growth is still too crude, and pressure on resources and the environment

is increasing.In particular, there are still prominent structural and mechanistic problems that

hinder sound economic and social development.We are also keenly aware that there are still quite a few shortcomings in the government's work.Self-reform and transformation of government functions are behind schedule, there are still too

many items requiring administrative approval, and social management and public services are

inadequate.The responsibilities of some departments are not clearly defined, making effective

coordination difficult;some management practices are backward;and productivity is low.Some

problems affecting the vital interests of the people have still not been fundamentally solved.Some government employees are not conscientious enough about performing their duties in

accordance with the law.The problems of formalism, bureaucracy, dishonesty, extravagance and

waste are relatively severe.Corruption is serious in some localities, departments and

organizations.We must face the above-mentioned problems squarely and continue to adopt measures to solve them.We have to be mindful of potential perils, elevate our sense of responsibility, guard against

arrogance and rashness, and work hard to make our country strong and prosperous.We must progress

in the face of difficulties and unswervingly do all our work well to ensure that we do not fail

to live up to the great trust and expectations of the people.II.The Master Work Plan for 2005

This year is crucial for accomplishing all the tasks of the Tenth Five-Year Plan(2001-2005)and

for laying a solid foundation for development during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan(2006-2010).The

basic ideas for the work of the government this year are: to take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the

important thought of Three Represents as our guide;to conscientiously put into practice the

guidelines of the Sixteenth National Congress of the Party and the Third and Fourth Plenary

Sessions of its Sixteenth Central Committee;to continue to guide overall economic and social

development by a scientific outlook on development;to strengthen and improve macro-regulation;

to make reform and opening up the driving force for all our work;to build a harmonious socialist

society;and to promote the simultaneous progress of socialist material, political and spiritual

civilization.Taking all domestic and international factors into account, we have set our main targets for this

year's economic and social development as follows: GDP growth around 8 percent, 9 million new

jobs for urban residents, registered urban unemployment rate within 4.6 percent, rise in the

consumer price index of no more than 4 percent, and basic balance in international payments.Maintaining steady and rapid economic development is an important issue that the government must

successfully handle.This is a period of important strategic opportunities for China, and the

economy should grow rapidly, but not be allowed to overheat.Both drastic upturns and downturns

in economic growth are bad for economic development, reform and opening up, and social stability.In setting the target for this year's economic growth at around 8 percent, the Central Committee

took into consideration both what is necessary and what is feasible, as well as what will be

needed to meet employment, price and other targets to ensure that the growth target accords with

actual conditions.Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, targets are only

guidelines for economic and social development and can be adjusted in line with economic changes.All localities should set their targets for economic and social development in line with local

conditions and focus on improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth.They should not

blindly compete with each other for the fastest pace of economic growth.To ensure completion of all the tasks for economic and social development for 2005, we will pay

particular attention to the following three aspects in our guidance and planning work.First, we

will concentrate on doing our macro-regulatory work well.We will continue to eliminate

destabilizing and unsound factors in our economic activities, promote economic restructuring and

transformation of the pattern of economic growth, maintain steady and rapid economic growth, and

keep overall price levels basically stable.Second, we will press ahead with reform and opening

up.We will make reform the driving force behind all aspects of our work, integrate efforts to

deepen reform with efforts to implement a scientific outlook on development and to tighten and

improve macro-regulation, and use reform to solve institutional problems in our development.We

will open to the outside world more fully and make better use of both domestic and international

markets and resources.Third, we will build a harmonious society.To build a socialist society

that is democratic and law-based, fair and just, trustworthy and friendly, full of vigor and

vitality, secure and orderly, and in which man and nature are in harmony, we need to unite all

forces that can be united, bring all positive factors into full play and stimulate the creativity

of the entire society.We need to properly balance the interests of all quarters and ensure that

everyone shares the fruits of reform and development.We also need to balance reform, development

and stability and strive to create favorable conditions and a good climate for sustained economic

and social development.III.Continuing to Ensure Steady and Rapid Economic Development

We need to focus on accomplishing the following four tasks for this year's economic development.1.Continuing to strengthen and improve macro-regulation.In the present state of economic

activities, we cannot slacken our macro-regulation.We need to follow prudent fiscal and monetary

policies and better coordinate our macroeconomic policies this year.We must adhere more closely

to the principle of dealing with different sectors individually and expanding some of them while

contracting others, and emphasize the role of market forces and economic and legal methods in

consolidating and building on our achievements in macro-regulation.Following a prudent fiscal policy.The central government has followed a proactive fiscal policy

since 1998 to counteract the impact of the Asian financial crisis and boost weak domestic demand.Time has proven that this policy is correct and that it has produced remarkable results.However，the scale of investment in China is now quite large and the amount of funds in the hands of the

general public has increased substantially, making it necessary and possible for us to shift from

an expansive proactive fiscal policy to an appropriately tight fiscal policy.We will

appropriately cut the budget deficit and the quantity of long-term treasury bonds for development

this year.The deficit in the central budget for 2005 will be 300 billion yuan, 19.8 billion yuan

less than was budgeted in 2004.The central government plans to issue 80 billion yuan worth of

long-term treasury bonds, 30 billion yuan less than last year, while allocations from the 2005

central budget for investment in regular development project s will be increased by 10 billion

yuan.The long-term treasury bonds issued this year will be used mainly to increase investment in

weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers;social development;and ecological

conservation and environmental protection.The funds will also be used to develop the western

region and rejuvenate Northeast China and other old industrial bases;to support accelerated

development in old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas, and

poverty-stricken areas;and to continue support for some on-going bond-financed projects.We need

to do our fiscal and tax work conscientiously.Tax collection and management need to be tightened

in accordance with the law by screening and standardizing all preferential tax policies and

strictly controlling tax reductions and exemptions to ensure that government revenue rises

steadily.Increases in general spending must be strictly held in check to ensure funding for key

projects.We need to practice frugality and eliminate waste in all our work.Continuing to follow a prudent monetary policy.We will appropriately control the supply of money

and credit in order to support economic development while guarding against inflation and

financial risks.We will improve financial regulation by flexibly using a variety of monetary

policy instruments.We will guide financial institutions to optimize their credit structure, to

improve their services, to provide working capital to enterprises that are profitable and have a

ready market for their products, to provide more loans for small and medium-sized enterprises and

for rural areas, and to maintain the amount of medium-and long-term loans at an appropriate

level.To ensure safe, efficient and stable financial operations, we must enhance supervision of

financial enterprises, vigorously yet prudently deal with all types of financial hazards and

crack down on illegal and criminal financial activities.Reining in the scale of fixed asset

investment.We will continue to closely monitor the two valves of approval for land use and

availability of credit.We will maintain the strictest land management system by improving

policies and intensifying law enforcement.We will improve city planning and land management，further rectify the land market, strictly limit transformation of farmland for use in development

projects and appropriately control the scale of urban development.We will accelerate our work of

improving the policies and plans for key industries and the criteria for their market access.We

will work hard to improve the distribution of investment and guide non-government investment into

areas that are developing poorly.We will continue to regulate economic activities to further

alleviate tight supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation.Vigorously expanding consumer demand.We will implement fiscal, tax, financial and industrial

policies that encourage consumption.Consumption on credit and other new forms of consumption

will be developed steadily.We will improve the consumption environment, paying particular

attention to strengthening the rural infrastructure, expanding rural markets and stimulating the

distribution of agricultural products.New areas of consumption will be fostered by such means as

expanding the consumption of services.We will guide consumer expectations and enhance consumer

confidence to increase immediate consumption.Keeping the overall price level basically stable.We will work hard to keep the prices of grain

and other primary farm products basically stable at a reasonable level, focusing on curbing the

excessively rapid rise in the prices of the real estate and means of production and appropriately

handling the timing and magnitude of price adjustments for public goods and services.Supervision

of markets and prices will be improved to resolutely put an end to price gouging.2.Improving our work relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Solving the problems

facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers remains a top priority of all our work.To adapt to

the needs of the new stage of our economic development, we will implement the principle of

industry nurturing agriculture and cities supporting the countryside and rationally redirect the

distribution of national revenue toward the development of agriculture and rural areas.We will

expand support for this development in a number of ways, with the focus on expanding overall

agricultural production capacity, steadily improving grain production and constantly increasing

rural incomes.First, we will maintain, improve and strengthen policies to support agriculture.The process of

reducing or exempting the agricultural tax will be accelerated.This tax will be substantially

reduced or exempted on a broad scale throughout the country, and it will be exempted in 592 key

counties included in the national plan for poverty alleviation through development.The livestock

tax will be exempted throughout the country.Revenue decreases in local budgets brought about by

reduced or exempted taxes on agriculture and livestock will be offset principally by transfer

payments from the central government.Additional expenditures of 14 billion yuan from the central

budget will be needed for this purpose this year, raising the total expenditures to 66.4 billion

yuan.The agricultural tax will be exempted throughout the country next year, which means that

what had been targeted for five years will be achieved in three.We will continue to directly

subsidize grain producers, increase subsidies to farmers to purchase improved crop strains and

agricultural machinery and tools, and continue to follow a policy of minimum purchase prices for

key grain varieties.Comprehensive measures will be adopted to halt the steep price increases for

the means of agricultural production.The central government will allocate an additional 15

billion yuan to increase transfer payments to major grain-producing counties and to counties with

financial difficulties.This policy is of great importance for developing primary-level

governments and all undertakings in rural areas in these regions.Second, we will continue to make structural adjustments in agriculture and the rural economy.We

will further develop grain production by stabilizing and increasing the acreage sown to grain，strengthening development of grain production bases and strictly protecting arable land，especially primary farmland.We will improve the geographical distribution of agriculture，promote its specialized production and industrial management, and develop distinctive

agricultural undertakings.Development of farm product processing industries will be accelerated.We will energetically develop forestry, animal husbandry and aquaculture.Township and village

enterprises and intra-county economies will be expanded.Third, we will intensify development of irrigation and water conservancy projects and the rural

infrastructure.Funding from state investment in capital construction and the sale of treasury

bonds will be focused on developing irrigation and water conservancy projects, improving the

eco-system, upgrading low-and medium-yield farmland, developing six categories of small rural

projects [water-efficient irrigation, potable water supplies, road building, methane production

facilities, hydroelectric plants, and pasture enclosure, tr.], expanding dry and water-efficient

farming, and constructing roads linking townships to county seats.Greater priority will be given

to major grain-producing areas in distributing funds for overall agricultural development.We

will encourage and guide farmers to volunteer to work on small infrastructure projects that will

benefit them directly.Fourth, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural science and technology and spread of the

use of agricultural technology.We will greatly increase investment in agricultural science and

technology, raise innovativeness in them, and further improve the system for expanding the use of

agricultural technology.Subsidies will be increased for expanding the use of important

agricultural technologies.We will encourage and support scientists and technicians to go to the

countryside to provide technical consultation and services.Fifth, we will transfer surplus rural labor to nonagricultural jobs in a variety of ways.Rural

secondary and tertiary industries will be developed to steadily promote urbanization and expand

employment opportunities for rural workers.We will improve the environment for rural workers

looking for jobs or starting their own businesses in cities, provide more vocational training for

them, and formulate more policies concerning them.We will guide the movement of rural labor to

ensure that it flows in a rational and orderly way.3.Accelerating economic restructuring and change in the pattern of economic growth.Optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure.We will stay on the new road of

industrialization.We will spur industrial restructuring by relying on scientific and

technological advances and focusing on becoming better able to make independent innovations.We

will accelerate development of new and high technologies that can greatly stimulate economic

growth as well as broadly applicable, key and accessory technologies that can propel the

upgrading of traditional industries.We will promptly formulate innovation targets and measures

for achieving them in key technologies in a number of important fields and make breakthroughs as

quickly as possible.We will improve the systems and policies that encourage innovation.We will

continue to introduce advanced technologies, assimilate them, and make innovations in them, while

concentrating on enhancing our own development capacity.We will energetically develop new and

high technology industries and integrate information technology into the national economy and

society.We will accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries through

new and high technologies and advanced applied technologies.We will revitalize the

equipment-manufacturing industry, focusing on major projects.Guided by plans for specific

projects, we will continue strengthening basic industries like the energy industry and important

raw materials industries as well as infrastructure development in water conservancy, transport

and communications.We will vigorously develop tertiary industries such as modern distribution

services, tourism and community services.We need to accelerate the development of capital-and

technology-intensive industries and continue to develop labor-intensive industries.Promoting the reorganization and technological upgrading of enterprises.We will take existing

enterprises as our base, making good use of reserve capacity and preventing indiscriminate

construction of new facilities.We will give more support in the areas of taxation, financing and

land use to key enterprises undergoing technological upgrading.Efforts will be concentrated on

integrating technological upgrading of enterprises with their reform.We will support and

encourage the investment of non-government capital in the reorganization and technological

upgrading of enterprises.49

Paying close attention to conservation and rational use of energy and resources.Efforts to

alleviate the problem of tight supplies of energy and resources needed for economic and social

development must start at home by utilizing energy and resources much more efficiently.First, we

will resolutely adhere to the policy of simultaneously developing and conserving energy and

resources, giving priority to conservation.We will encourage the development and application of

new technologies that use less energy and resources, and institute a system requiring the

elimination of equipment and products that consume excessive quantities of energy and materials.Second, we will promptly draw up standards and targets for reducing energy and resource

consumption in every industry, along with policies and measures for meeting the targets.This

work will be focused on saving energy, water and materials in key industries.We will encourage

development of energy-efficient, environment-friendly automobiles, and housing and public

buildings that use less energy and land.Third, we will energetically develop the recycling

sector of the economy.We will increase the comprehensive utilization of resources and the

recycling of resources by addressing problems concerning their exploitation, their use in

production and in society, and the utilization of waste materials.We will also work vigorously

to develop new and renewable energy resources.Fourth, management of the exploitation of mineral

resources will be strengthened.We will rectify and standardize the order in their exploitation.We will improve the compensation mechanisms for the exploitation and utilization of mineral

resources and for restoration of the natural environment.Fifth, we will energetically promote

production and consumption practices that use less energy and resources, increase public

awareness of the importance of conservation, and accelerate the development of a

conservation-minded society.Strengthening environmental protection and ecological improvement.We must promptly solve

第三篇：2016年政府工作報告(中英文)

政府工作報告

Report on the Work of the Government

——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上

– Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress of the People’s Republic of

China on March 5, 2016

國務院總理

李克強

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

Esteemed Deputies,現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顧

過去一年，我國發展面臨多重困難和嚴峻挑戰。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經濟社會發展穩中有進、穩中有好，完成了全年主要目標任務，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——經濟運行保持在合理區間。國內生產總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經濟體中位居前列。糧食產量實現“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業形勢總體穩定，城鎮新增就業1312萬人，超過全年預期目標，成為經濟運行的一大亮點。

– The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year’s target and becoming an economic highlight.——結構調整取得積極進展。服務業在國內生產總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據“半壁江山”。消費對經濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術產業和裝備制造業增速快于一般工業。單位國內生產總值能耗下降5.6%。

– Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——發展新動能加快成長。創新驅動發展戰略持續推進，互聯網與各行業加速融合，新興產業快速增長。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，全年新登記注冊企業增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩就業、促升級發揮了突出作用，正在推動經濟社會發生深刻變革。

– New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development, the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

– Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技領域一批創新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術取得重大進展，國產C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。對我國發展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China’s self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。這些成績，是在極為復雜嚴峻的國際環境中取得的。去年世界經濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經濟造成直接沖擊和影響。這些成績，是在國內深層次矛盾凸顯、經濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結合，趨利避害，有效應對。這些成績，是在我國經濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數上取得的。現在國內生產總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經濟規模越大，增長難度隨之增加。在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中國發展前行的步伐！

These achievements in China’s development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China’s economy.They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.Finally, they were made at a time when China’s economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩增長調結構防風險，創新宏觀調控方式。為應對持續加大的經濟下行壓力，我們在區間調控基礎上，實施定向調控和相機調控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結構性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發行地方政府債券置換存量債務3.2萬億元，降低利息負擔約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準，改革存貸比管理，創新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮棚戶區和農村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環節建設。實施重點領域消費促進工程，城鄉居民旅游、網購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領域的多種風險挑戰，守住了不發生系統性區域性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China’s economic and financial security.二是圍繞激發市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續推動結構性改革。深入推進簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。取消和下放311項行政審批事項，取消123項職業資格許可和認定事項，徹底終結了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監管，優化公共服務流程。群眾和企業辦事更加方便，全社會創業創新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉移支付規模增加。營改增穩步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業、農村、投融資、生態文明等領域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.堅持以開放促改革促發展。努力穩定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規范進出口環節收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區經驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協定和中國－東盟自貿區升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現，國際產能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF’s Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively, and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China’s export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提質增效，推動產業創新升級。制定實施創新驅動發展戰略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創業、萬眾創新政策舉措，落實“互聯網+”行動計劃，增強經濟發展新動力。一大批創客走上創業創新之路。完善農業支持政策，促進農業發展方式加快轉變。針對工業增速下降、企業效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產業培育，一手抓傳統產業改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設立國家新興產業創業投資引導基金、中小企業發展基金，擴大國家自主創新示范區。積極化解過剩產能，推進企業兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產性、生活性服務業加快發展。狠抓節能減排和環境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是著眼開拓發展空間，促進區域協調發展和新型城鎮化。繼續推動東、中、西、東北地區“四大板塊”協調發展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展“三大戰略”，在基礎設施、產業布局、生態環保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區、新疆發展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮基礎設施建設，新型城鎮化取得新成效。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives – the Belt and Road Initiative, theBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei Integration Initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt Initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業改革發展。在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業生和就業困難群體的就業創業問題。城鎮保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優撫、企業退休人員基本養老金等標準，推行機關事業單位養老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促進社會和諧穩定，推動依法行政和治理方式創新。國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發事件。加強安全生產監管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業事故數量繼續下降。推進食品安全創建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監察和審計監督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council’s three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.Note:

*To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one’s thinking, one’s work, and one’s behavior.我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰爭東方主戰場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China’s place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、二十國集團領導人峰會、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作領導人系列會議、世界經濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐領導人會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關系取得新進展，同周邊國家務實合作深入推進，同發展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯合國等國際組織和國際機制的關系全面加強，經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區事務中發揮了重要的建設性作用。

Over the past year, China’s all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders’ Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders’ meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders’ Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China’s relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統攬全局、科學決策的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people’s organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現下降，預期增長目標未能實現。投資增長乏力，一些行業產能過剩嚴重，部分企業生產經營困難，地區和行業走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎性制度還不完善，金融等領域存在風險隱患。人民群眾關心的醫療、教育、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環境污染形勢仍很嚴峻，嚴重霧霾天氣在一些地區時有發生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產損失慘重，教訓極其深刻，必須認真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領域的不正之風和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔當意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

Esteemed Deputies,2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，面對錯綜復雜的國際環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展穩定任務，我們繼續堅持穩中求進工作總基調，深化改革開放，實施一系列利當前、惠長遠的重大舉措，“十二五”規劃確定的主要目標任務全面完成。一是經濟持續較快發展。國內生產總值年均增長7.8%，經濟總量穩居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿易大國和主要對外投資大國。二是結構調整取得標志性進展。服務業成為第一大產業，工業化與信息化融合加深，農業綜合生產能力明顯增強。消費成為支撐經濟增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮。單位國內生產總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。三是基礎設施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業里程達到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車里程超過12萬公里。南水北調東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動通信網絡。四是科技創新實現重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導等基礎研究取得一批原創性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項目達到世界先進水平。五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經濟增長，城鄉收入差距持續縮小。城鎮新增就業人數超過6400萬人。城鎮保障性安居工程住房建設4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農村人口飲水安全問題。六是社會發展成就斐然。教育公平和質量明顯提升。基本醫療保險實現全覆蓋，基本養老保險參保率超過80%。文化軟實力持續提升。依法治國全面推進。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經過五年努力，我國經濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、國際影響力又上了一個大臺階。

The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China’s development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China’s GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world’s second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China’s population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world’s total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world’s largest 4G mobile network was built in China.Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China’s soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China’s economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.“十二五”時期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的巨大優越性，集中展現了中國人民的無窮創造力，極大增強了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵全國各族人民在實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People’s Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.二、“十三五”時期主要目標任務和重大舉措

Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016through 2020.根據《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》，國務院編制了《國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Developmentand submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會奮斗目標，針對發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續等突出問題，強調要牢固樹立和貫徹落實創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的發展理念，明確了今后五年經濟社會發展的主要目標任務，提出了一系列支撐發展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項目，突出了以下六個方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持經濟中高速增長，推動產業邁向中高端水平。實現全面建成小康社會目標，到2020年國內生產總值和城鄉居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時期經濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進產業結構優化升級，實施一批技術水平高、帶動能力強的重大工程。到2020年，先進制造業、現代服務業、戰略性新興產業比重大幅提升，全員勞動生產率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時，我國經濟總量超過90萬億元，發展的質量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個人口眾多的發展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

– We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China’s aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——強化創新引領作用，為發展注入強大動力。創新是引領發展的第一動力，必須擺在國家發展全局的核心位置，深入實施創新驅動發展戰略。啟動一批新的國家重大科技項目，建設一批高水平的國家科學中心和技術創新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創新型領軍企業，建設一批全面創新改革試驗區。持續推動大眾創業、萬眾創新。促進大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用。加快建設質量強國、制造強國、知識產權強國。到2020年，力爭在基礎研究、應用研究和戰略前沿領域取得重大突破，全社會研發經費投入強度達到2.5%，科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率達到60%，邁進創新型國家和人才強國行列。

– We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China’s development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China’s investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推進新型城鎮化和農業現代化，促進城鄉區域協調發展。縮小城鄉區域差距，既是調整經濟結構的重點，也是釋放發展潛力的關鍵。要深入推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，實現1億左右農業轉移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區和城中村改造，引導約1億人在中西部地區就近城鎮化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮化率達到60%、戶籍人口城鎮化率達到45%。實施一批水利、農機、現代種業等工程，推動農業適度規模經營和區域化布局、標準化生產、社會化服務。到2020年，糧食等主要農產品供給和質量安全得到更好保障，農業現代化水平明顯提高，新農村建設取得新成效。以區域發展總體戰略為基礎，以“三大戰略”為引領，形成沿海沿江沿線經濟帶為主的縱向橫向經濟軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動力強的城市群和增長極。加強重大基礎設施建設，高鐵營業里程達到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車里程約3萬公里，實現城鄉寬帶網絡全覆蓋。

– We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China’s population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.——推動形成綠色生產生活方式，加快改善生態環境。堅持在發展中保護、在保護中發展，持續推進生態文明建設。深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動計劃，劃定生態空間保護紅線，推進山水林田湖生態工程，加強生態保護和修復。今后五年，單位國內生產總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達到23.04%，能源資源開發利用效率大幅提高，生態環境質量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進展，地級及以上城市空氣質量優良天數比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

– We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country’s total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革開放，構建發展新體制。發展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅持和完善基本經濟制度，建立現代產權制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用，加快形成引領經濟發展新常態的體制機制和發展方式。“一帶一路”建設取得重大進展，國際產能合作實現新的突破。對外貿易向優進優出轉變，服務貿易比重顯著提升，從貿易大國邁向貿易強國。全面實行準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，逐步構建高標準自由貿易區網絡，基本形成開放型經濟新體制新格局。

– We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China’s transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持續增進民生福祉，使全體人民共享發展成果。堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，努力補齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩步前進。堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰，我國現行標準下的農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困。建立國家基本公共服務項目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續的社會保障制度。實施義務教育學校標準化、普及高中階段教育、建設世界一流大學和一流學科等工程，勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。實現城鎮新增就業5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮棚戶區住房改造2000萬套。推進健康中國建設，人均預期壽命提高1歲。積極應對人口老齡化。構建現代公共文化服務體系，實施公民道德建設、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質生活更殷實，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

– We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”時期經濟社會發展工作，實現全面建成小康社會目標，必須著力把握好三點。一是牢牢抓住發展第一要務不放松。發展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風險明顯增多。發展如逆水行舟，不進則退。必須毫不動搖堅持以經濟建設為中心，推動科學發展，妥善應對風險挑戰，使中國經濟這艘巨輪破浪遠航。二是大力推進結構性改革。當前發展中總量問題與結構性問題并存，結構性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進結構調整。在適度擴大總需求的同時，突出抓好供給側結構性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產品和公共服務供給，使供給和需求協同促進經濟發展，提高全要素生產率，不斷解放和發展社會生產力。三是加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。經濟發展必然會有新舊動能迭代更替的過程，當傳統動能由強變弱時，需要新動能異軍突起和傳統動能轉型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動經濟持續增長、躍上新臺階。當前我國發展正處于這樣一個關鍵時期，必須培育壯大新動能，加快發展新經濟。要推動新技術、新產業、新業態加快成長，以體制機制創新促進分享經濟發展，建設共享平臺，做大高技術產業、現代服務業等新興產業集群，打造動力強勁的新引擎。運用信息網絡等現代技術，推動生產、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產業鏈、供應鏈、價值鏈，改造提升傳統動能，使之煥發新的生機與活力。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China’s economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.從根本上說，發展的不竭力量蘊藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優勢。實現新舊動能轉換，推動發展轉向更多依靠人力人才資源和創新，既是一個伴隨陣痛的調整過程，也是一個充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個關口，中國經濟就一定能夠浴火重生、再創輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實現全面建成小康社會目標，人民生活將會更加美好，中國特色社會主義事業前景一定會更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重點工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社會決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進結構性改革的攻堅之年。做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持改革開放，堅持以新發展理念引領發展，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，適應經濟發展新常態，實行宏觀政策要穩、產業政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩增長與調結構的平衡，保持經濟運行在合理區間，著力加強供給側結構性改革，加快培育新的發展動能，改造提升傳統比較優勢，抓好去產能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補短板，加強民生保障，切實防控風險，努力實現“十三五”時期經濟社會發展良好開局。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government’s goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

– hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

– implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

– follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

– put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major policy addresses;

– work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.– continue reform and opening up;

– follow the new vision of development;

– follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

– adapt to the new normal in economic development;

– follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

– maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

– ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

– strengthen supply-side structural reform;

– accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

– strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

– cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

– strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

– prevent and control risks.By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%－7%，居民消費價格漲幅3%左右，城鎮新增就業1000萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內，進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續減少。

The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

– GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

– CPI increase kept at around 3%;

– creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

– registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

– a steady rise in import and export volumes;

– a basic balance in international payments;

– increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

– a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

– further reductions in the release of major pollutants.經濟增長預期目標6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會目標相銜接，考慮了推進結構性改革的需要，也有利于穩定和引導市場預期。穩增長主要是為了保就業、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠實現比較充分的就業。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people’s wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰更為嚴峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準備。從國際看，世界經濟深度調整、復蘇乏力，國際貿易增長低迷，金融和大宗商品市場波動不定，地緣政治風險上升，外部環境的不穩定不確定因素增加，對我國發展的影響不可低估。從國內看，長期積累的矛盾和風險進一步顯現，經濟增速換擋、結構調整陣痛、新舊動能轉換相互交織，經濟下行壓力加大。但困難和挑戰并不可怕。中國的發展從來都是在應對挑戰中前進的，沒有過不去的坎。經過多年的快速發展，我國物質基礎雄厚，經濟韌性強、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動力，創新宏觀調控積累了豐富經驗。特別是我們有中國共產黨的堅強領導和中國特色社會主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們萬眾一心，共克時艱，就一定能夠實現全年經濟社會發展目標。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China’s external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China’s development.Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重點做好八個方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩定和完善宏觀經濟政策，保持經濟運行在合理區間。我們宏觀調控還有創新手段和政策儲備，既要立足當前、有針對性地出招，頂住經濟下行壓力，又要著眼長遠、留有后手、謀勢蓄勢。繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，創新宏觀調控方式，加強區間調控、定向調控、相機調控，統籌運用財政、貨幣政策和產業、投資、價格等政策工具，采取結構性改革尤其是供給側結構性改革舉措，為經濟發展營造良好環境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.積極的財政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項債券4000億元，繼續發行地方政府置換債券。我國財政赤字率和政府負債率在世界主要經濟體中相對較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

– We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China’s deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.適度擴大財政赤字，主要用于減稅降費，進一步減輕企業負擔。今年將采取三項舉措。一是全面實施營改增，從5月1日起，將試點范圍擴大到建筑業、房地產業、金融業、生活服務業，并將所有企業新增不動產所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業稅負只減不增。二是取消違規設立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴大水利建設基金等免征范圍。三是將18項行政事業性收費的免征范圍，從小微企業擴大到所有企業和個人。實施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業和個人負擔5000多億元。同時，適當增加必要的財政支出和政府投資，加大對民生等薄弱環節的支持。創新財政支出方式，優化財政支出結構，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快財稅體制改革。推進中央與地方事權和支出責任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權限方面給地方適當放權。進一步壓縮中央專項轉移支付規模，今年一般性轉移支付規模增長12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價計征改革。依法實施稅收征管。建立規范的地方政府舉債融資機制，對財政實力強、債務風險較低的，按法定程序適當增加債務限額。各級政府要堅持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year’s general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it’s most needed.穩健的貨幣政策要靈活適度。今年廣義貨幣M2預期增長13%左右，社會融資規模余額增長13%左右。要統籌運用公開市場操作、利率、準備金率、再貸款等各類貨幣政策工具，保持流動性合理充裕，疏通傳導機制，降低融資成本，加強對實體經濟特別是小微企業、“三農”等支持。

– We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化金融體制改革。加快改革完善現代金融監管體制，提高金融服務實體經濟效率，實現金融風險監管全覆蓋。深化利率市場化改革。繼續完善人民幣匯率市場化形成機制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩定。深化國有商業銀行和開發性、政策性金融機構改革，發展民營銀行，啟動投貸聯動試點。推進股票、債券市場改革和法治化建設，促進多層次資本市場健康發展，提高直接融資比重。適時啟動“深港通”。建立巨災保險制度。規范發展互聯網金融。大力發展普惠金融和綠色金融。加強全口徑外債宏觀審慎管理。扎緊制度籠子，整頓規范金融秩序，嚴厲打擊金融詐騙、非法集資和證券期貨領域的違法犯罪活動，堅決守住不發生系統性區域性風險的底線。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加強供給側結構性改革，增強持續增長動力。圍繞解決重點領域的突出矛盾和問題，加快破除體制機制障礙，以供給側結構性改革提高供給體系的質量和效率，進一步激發市場活力和社會創造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推動簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革向縱深發展。以敬民之心，行簡政之道，切實轉變政府職能、提高效能。繼續大力削減行政審批事項，注重解決放權不同步、不協調、不到位問題，對下放的審批事項，要讓地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，開展證照分離試點。全面公布地方政府權力和責任清單，在部分地區試行市場準入負面清單制度。對行政事業性收費、政府定價或指導價經營服務性收費、政府性基金、國家職業資格，實行目錄清單管理。加快建設統一開放、競爭有序的市場體系，打破地方保護。深化價格改革，加強價格監管。修改和廢止有礙發展的行政法規和規范性文件。創新事中事后監管方式，全面推行“雙隨機、一公開”監管，隨機抽取檢查對象，隨機選派執法檢查人員，及時公布查處結果。推進綜合行政執法改革，實施企業信用信息統一歸集、依法公示、聯合懲戒、社會監督。大力推行“互聯網+政務服務”，實現部門間數據共享，讓居民和企業少跑腿、好辦事、不添堵。簡除煩苛，禁察非法，使人民群眾有更平等的機會和更大的創造空間。

– We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分釋放全社會創業創新潛能。著力實施創新驅動發展戰略，促進科技與經濟深度融合，提高實體經濟的整體素質和競爭力。一是強化企業創新主體地位。落實企業研發費用加計扣除和加速折舊政策，完善高新技術企業、科技企業孵化器等稅收優惠政策。支持行業領軍企業建設高水平研發機構。加快將國家自主創新示范區試點政策推廣到全國，再建設一批國家自主創新示范區、高新區。二是發揮大眾創業、萬眾創新和“互聯網+”集眾智匯眾力的乘數效應。打造眾創、眾包、眾扶、眾籌平臺，構建大中小企業、高校、科研機構、創客多方協同的新型創業創新機制。建設一批“雙創”示范基地，培育創業創新服務業，規范發展天使、創業、產業等投資。支持分享經濟發展，提高資源利用效率，讓更多人參與進來、富裕起來。實施更積極、更開放、更有效的人才引進政策。加強知識產權保護和運用，依法嚴厲打擊侵犯知識產權和制假售假行為。三是深化科技管理體制改革。擴大高校和科研院所自主權，砍掉科研管理中的繁文縟節。實施支持科技成果轉移轉化的政策措施，完善股權期權稅收優惠政策和分紅獎勵辦法，鼓勵科研人員創業創新。大力弘揚創新文化，厚植創新沃土，營造敢為人先、寬容失敗的良好氛圍，充分激發企業家精神，調動全社會創業創新積極性，匯聚成推動發展的磅礴力量。

– We will ensure that the whole country’s potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.著力化解過剩產能和降本增效。重點抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業去產能，堅持市場倒逼、企業主體、地方組織、中央支持，運用經濟、法律、技術、環保、質量、安全等手段，嚴格控制新增產能，堅決淘汰落后產能，有序退出過剩產能。采取兼并重組、債務重組或破產清算等措施，積極穩妥處置“僵尸企業”。完善財政、金融等支持政策，中央財政安排1000億元專項獎補資金，重點用于職工分流安置。采取綜合措施，降低企業交易、物流、財務、用能等成本，堅決遏制涉企亂收費，對違規行為要嚴肅查處。

– We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善產品和服務供給。突出抓好三個方面。一是提升消費品品質。加快質量安全標準與國際標準接軌，建立商品質量懲罰性賠償制度。鼓勵企業開展個性化定制、柔性化生產，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品種、提品質、創品牌。二是促進制造業升級。深入推進“中國制造+互聯網”，建設若干國家級制造業創新平臺，實施一批智能制造示范項目，啟動工業強基、綠色制造、高端裝備等重大工程，組織實施重大技術改造升級工程。三是加快現代服務業發展。啟動新一輪國家服務業綜合改革試點，實施高技術服務業創新工程，大力發展數字創意產業。放寬市場準入，提高生產性服務業專業化、生活性服務業精細化水平。建設一批光網城市，推進5萬個行政村通光纖，讓更多城鄉居民享受數字化生活。

– We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and establish a system for making producers pay punitive compensation for failing to meet product quality standards.We will also encourage enterprises to use flexible and custom-tailored production processes and foster a craftsmanship spirit of striving for the best, so that more types of products, products of a higher quality, and brand products will be made.Second, we will work to upgrade manufacturing.We will intensify efforts to promote the integrated development of Made in China 2025 and the Internet Plus action plan;build national platforms for innovation in manufacturing;carry out demonstration programs in smart manufacturing;launch projects to build a more solid foundation for industry development, promote green manufacturing, and develop high-end equipment;and carry out major technological transformation and upgrading initiatives.Third, we will accelerate the development of the modern service sector.We will launch a new round of national pilot projects for all-round service sector reform as well as projects to promote innovation in high-tech services, and channel great efforts into developing the digital creative industries.We will relax restrictions on market access to the service sector, and ensure greater specialization in producer services and higher refinement in consumer services.Fiber-optic networks will be developed in a number of cities and 50,000 administrative villages will be linked up to fiber-optic networks, thus enabling more urban and rural residents to enjoy a more digital way of life.大力推進國有企業改革。今明兩年，要以改革促發展，堅決打好國有企業提質增效攻堅戰。推動國有企業特別是中央企業結構調整，創新發展一批，重組整合一批，清理退出一批。推進股權多元化改革，開展落實企業董事會職權、市場化選聘經營者、職業經理人制度、混合所有制、員工持股等試點。深化企業用人制度改革，探索建立與市場化選任方式相適應的高層次人才和企業經營管理者薪酬制度。加快改組組建國有資本投資、運營公司。以管資本為主推進國有資產監管機構職能轉變，防止國有資產流失，實現國有資產保值增值。賦予地方更多國有企業改革自主權。加快剝離國有企業辦社會職能，解決歷史遺留問題，讓國有企業瘦身健體，增強核心競爭力。

– We will push for progress in SOE reform.This year and next, we will use reform to promote the development of SOEs and push hard to ensure success in upgrading them and improving their performance.We will prompt SOEs, especially those managed by the central government, to make structural adjustments so that some will be developed through innovation, others will be reorganized or merged, and still others will exit the market.We will carry out reforms to diversify their types of equity and introduce on a trial basis the assumption of powers and responsibilities by corporate boards of directors, competitive open selection and recruitment of executives, recruitment of professional managers, mixed ownership, and employee equity stakes.We will deepen the reform of the enterprise personnel management system and explore the possibility of establishing remuneration systems for senior ranking personnel and corporate executives that are compatible with competitive selection and recruitment.We will work faster to establish state capital investment and management companies through reorganization.To prevent the loss of state assets and ensure their value is maintained or increased, we will encourage state-owned asset supervisory and management authorities to shift their focus to the use of state capital.Local governments will be granted more power over SOE reform.We will move more quickly to relieve SOEs of their obligations to operate social programs and resolve their other longstanding issues, enabling them to become leaner and healthier and to increase their core competitiveness.更好激發非公有制經濟活力。大幅放寬電力、電信、交通、石油、天然氣、市政公用等領域市場準入，消除各種隱性壁壘，鼓勵民營企業擴大投資、參與國有企業改革。在項目核準、融資服務、財稅政策、土地使用等方面一視同仁。依法平等保護各種所有制經濟產權，嚴肅查處侵犯非公有制企業及非公有制經濟人士合法權益的行為，營造公平、公正、透明、穩定的法治環境，構建新型政商關系，促進各類企業各展其長、共同發展。

– We will energize the non-public sector.We will significantly relax restrictions on entry into markets such as electricity, telecommunications, transport, petroleum, natural gas, and municipal public utilities, remove hidden barriers, and encourage private companies to increase investment in these areas and participate in SOE reform.In these fields, private companies will enjoy the same treatment afforded to SOEs in terms of project verification and approval, financing, fiscal and tax policies, and land availability.We will, in accordance with the law, provide equal protection to the property rights of entities under all forms of ownership;and we will ensure that, without fail, infringements on the legitimate rights and interests of non-public sector enterprises and individuals are investigated and prosecuted.We will create a rule of law environment that is fair, just, transparent, and stable and establish new government-business relations to help all types of enterprises develop side by side based on their own respective strengths.（三）深挖國內需求潛力，開拓發展更大空間。適度擴大需求總量，積極調整改革需求結構，促進供給需求有效對接、投資消費有機結合、城鄉區域協調發展，形成對經濟發展穩定而持久的內需支撐。

3.Tap the potential of domestic demand to increase the space for development

We will work to achieve a moderate expansion of aggregate demand, adjust and reform the composition of demand, strive for better alignment between supply and demand and between investment and consumption, and work to achieve greater balance in the development of urban and rural areas and of different regions.This will create steady and long-term domestic demand to sustain economic development.增強消費拉動經濟增長的基礎作用。適應消費升級趨勢，破除政策障礙，優化消費環境，維護消費者權益。支持發展養老、健康、家政、教育培訓、文化體育等服務消費。壯大網絡信息、智能家居、個性時尚等新興消費。促進線上線下協調互動、平等競爭，推動實體商業創新轉型。完善物流配送網絡，促進快遞業健康發展。活躍二手車市場，大力發展和推廣以電動汽車為主的新能源汽車，加快建設城市停車場和充電設施。在全國開展消費金融公司試點，鼓勵金融機構創新消費信貸產品。降低部分消費品進口關稅，增設免稅店。落實帶薪休假制度，加強旅游交通、景區景點、自駕車營地等設施建設，規范旅游市場秩序，迎接正在興起的大眾旅游時代。

– We will strengthen the foundational role of consumption in promoting economic growth.To adapt to the trend toward high-end consumption, we will remove policy barriers, improve the consumer environment, and safeguard the rights and interests of consumers.We will support the growth of consumption in elderly care, health services, housekeeping services, educational and training services, and cultural and sports services.We will work to strengthen the growth of emerging areas of consumption such as information goods and services, smart homes, and personalized fashion.We will promote coordination, interaction, and fair competition between the online and the offline and encourage physical stores to transform themselves through innovation.We will help ensure the improvement of logistics networks and the healthy development of express delivery services.We will work to stimulate the second-hand car market, channel great effort into developing and promoting the use of new-energy vehicles, particularly electric vehicles, and move faster to build urban car parks and install charging facilities.We will carry out nationwide trials to set up consumer financing companies and encourage financial institutions to develop new consumer credit products.We will cut import tariffs on some consumer goods and increase the number of duty-free stores.We will ensure people are able to take their paid vacations, strengthen the development of tourist and transport facilities, scenic spots and tourist sites, and recreational vehicle parks, and see that the tourist market operates in line with regulations.With these efforts, we will usher in a new era of mass tourism.發揮有效投資對穩增長調結構的關鍵作用。我國基礎設施和民生領域有許多短板，產業亟需改造升級，有效投資仍有很大空間。今年要啟動一批“十三五”規劃重大項目。完成鐵路投資8000億元以上、公路投資1.65萬億元，再開工20項重大水利工程，建設水電核電、特高壓輸電、智能電網、油氣管網、城市軌道交通等重大項目。中央預算內投資安排5000億元。深化投融資體制改革，繼續以市場化方式籌集專項建設基金，推動地方融資平臺轉型改制進行市場化融資，探索基礎設施等資產證券化，擴大債券融資規模。完善政府和社會資本合作模式，用好1800億元引導基金，依法嚴格履行合同，充分激發社會資本參與熱情。

– We will see that effective investment plays a key role in maintaining stable growth and making structural adjustments.The many weak areas in infrastructure and public services in China and the urgent need for industry upgrading leave vast scope for growth in effective investment.This year, we will launch a number of projects set forth in the 13th Five-Year Plan.More than 800 billion yuan will be invested in railway construction, and investment in road construction will reach 1.65 trillion yuan.A further 20 water conservancy projects will be carried out, and major projects will be launched to develop hydropower, nuclear power, ultra high-voltage power transmission, smart grids, pipelines for oil and gas transmission, and urban rail transit.Central government budgetary investment will be 500 billion yuan.We will deepen the reform of the investment and financing systems.Funds for specific projects will continue to be raised through market-based mechanisms.Local financing platforms will be required to transform themselves and shift toward market-based financing, the securitization of tangible assets such as infrastructure will be explored, and debt financing will be increased.We will improve the public-private partnership model, make good use of the 180 billion yuan in seed funds, and strictly honor contracts in accordance with the law, so as to bring the enthusiasm of private investors to the table.深入推進新型城鎮化。城鎮化是現代化的必由之路，是我國最大的內需潛力和發展動能所在。今年重點抓好三項工作。一是加快農業轉移人口市民化。深化戶籍制度改革，放寬城鎮落戶條件，建立健全“人地錢”掛鉤政策。擴大新型城鎮化綜合試點范圍。居住證具有很高的含金量，要加快覆蓋未落戶的城鎮常住人口，使他們依法享有居住地義務教育、就業、醫療等基本公共服務。發展中西部地區中小城市和小城鎮，容納更多的農民工就近就業創業，讓他們掙錢顧家兩不誤。二是推進城鎮保障性安居工程建設和房地產市場健康發展。今年棚戶區住房改造600萬套，提高棚改貨幣化安置比例。完善支持居民住房合理消費的稅收、信貸政策，適應住房剛性需求和改善性需求，因城施策化解房地產庫存，促進房地產市場平穩運行。建立租購并舉的住房制度，把符合條件的外來人口逐步納入公租房供應范圍。三是加強城市規劃建設管理。增強城市規劃的科學性、前瞻性、權威性、公開性，促進“多規合一”。開工建設城市地下綜合管廊2000公里以上。積極推廣綠色建筑和建材，大力發展鋼結構和裝配式建筑，加快標準化建設，提高建筑技術水平和工程質量。推進城市管理體制創新，打造智慧城市，完善公共交通網絡，治理交通擁堵等突出問題，改善人居環境，使人民群眾生活得更安心、更省心、更舒心。

– We will advance new urbanization.Urbanization is the path we need to take to develop a modern China.It is where we will find the greatest potential for domestic demand and the most powerful force for sustaining economic development.This year, we will take the following three major steps regarding urbanization.First, we will move faster to see that urban residency is granted to more people with rural household registration living in urban areas.We will deepen reform of the household registration system and relax restrictions on eligibility for urban residency.We will introduce policies for making both the transfer payments and the land designated for urban development granted to the government of a local jurisdiction conditional upon the number of people with rural household registration who are granted permanent urban residency in that jurisdiction.The full range of trials for developing new urbanization will be extended to more areas.Residence cards are important assets for their holders.We must move faster to ensure that permanent urban residents without urban residency are issued residence cards, thus enabling them to enjoy, as provided for by law, the right to access compulsory education, employment, medical care, and other basic public services.We will promote the development of small towns and small and medium-sized cities in the central and western regions to help more rural migrant workers find employment or start businesses in urban areas closer to home so that they do not have to choose between earning money and taking care of the families they leave behind.Second, we will promote the construction of government-subsidized housing in urban areas and the healthy development of the real estate market.This year, we will see to it that six million housing units are rebuilt in rundown urban areas and that more people displaced by the rebuilding of such areas receive monetary housing compensation rather than housing.Taking into consideration people’s demand for buying homes or improving their housing situation, we will improve the tax and credit policies to support justified personal housing consumption and adopt different policies in different cities as appropriate to their local conditions, in order to cut housing inventory and promote stability in the real estate market.We will put in place a housing system which encourages both renting and purchasing and, over time, enable eligible non-registered urban residents to apply for public rental housing.Third, we will redouble our efforts to improve urban planning, development, and management.We will make urban planning more sound, forward-looking, authoritative, and transparent and encourage local governments to integrate their various types of urban plans into a single master plan.Construction will begin on at least 2,000 kilometers of utility tunnels.We will actively promote environmentally friendly buildings and construction materials, make a big push to develop steel understructures and prefabricated modules, accelerate work to ensure adherence to construction standards, and see that the level of technique in building and the quality of construction projects are improved.We will encourage institutional innovation in urban management, work hard to create smart cities, improve public transport networks, address traffic congestion and other prominent problems, and improve living environments so that people can enjoy a more secure, relaxing, and satisfying city life.優化區域發展格局。深入推進“一帶一路”建設，落實京津冀協同發展規劃綱要，加快長江經濟帶發展。制定實施西部大開發“十三五”規劃，實施新一輪東北地區等老工業基地振興戰略，出臺促進中部地區崛起新十年規劃，支持東部地區在體制創新、陸海統籌等方面率先突破。促進資源型地區經濟轉型升級。支持革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區發展。制定和實施國家海洋戰略，維護國家海洋權益，保護海洋生態環境，拓展藍色經濟空間，建設海洋強國。

– We will work to improve the layout of development across regions.We will push ahead with the Belt and Road Initiative, carry out the development plan for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and speed up the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt.We will draw up and implement the 13th Five-Year Plan for the large-scale development of the western region, implement a new round of strategies for revitalizing the old industrial bases in the Northeast and other parts of the country, adopt the new ten-year plan for fuelling the rise of the central region, and support the eastern region as it leads the country in making breakthroughs in institutional innovation and coordinated land and maritime development.We will promote the economic transformation and upgrading of resource-dependent regions.We will support the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with concentrations of ethnic minorities, border areas, and poor areas.We will work out and implement a national maritime strategy, safeguard national maritime rights and interests, protect marine ecosystems and habitats, and open up more space for the blue economy so as to strengthen China’s maritime development.（四）加快發展現代農業，促進農民持續增收。繼續毫不放松抓好“三農”工作，完善強農惠農富農政策，深化農村改革，拓展農民就業增收渠道，著力提高農業質量、效益和競爭力。

4.Speed up efforts to develop modern agriculture and ensure sustained increases in rural incomes

We will, with as much care and attention as ever, continue focusing on our work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.We will strengthen policy support for these areas, deepen rural reform, expand the channels through which farmers can find employment and increase their income, and work to ensure that the quality, performance, and competitiveness of agriculture improve.加快農業結構調整。糧食連續增產，為穩定物價、改善民生提供了有力保障，但也面臨庫存大幅增加、市場價格下跌等問題。要完善農產品價格形成機制，引導農民適應市場需求調整種養結構，適當調減玉米種植面積。按照“市場定價、價補分離”原則，積極穩妥推進玉米收儲制度改革，保障農民合理收益。要多措并舉消化糧食庫存，大力支持農產品精深加工，發展畜牧業，延伸農業產業鏈條；制定新一輪退耕還林還草方案，今年退耕還林還草1500萬畝以上，這件事一舉多得，務必抓好。積極發展多種形式農業適度規模經營，完善對家庭農場、專業大戶、農民合作社等新型經營主體的扶持政策，培養新型職業農民，鼓勵農戶依法自愿有償流轉承包地，開展土地股份合作、聯合或土地托管。深化農村集體產權、農墾、集體林權、國有林場、農田水利、供銷社等改革。

– We will speed up structural adjustment in agriculture.The output of food crops has continued to rise in recent years.This has helped to keep prices stable and ensure people’s wellbeing, but it has also resulted in a buildup of excess stockpiles and falling market prices.To resolve this problem, we will improve the pricing mechanisms for agricultural products, while guiding farmers in adjusting what and how much they grow and breed in response to market demand and in making appropriate reductions to the amount of cultivated land devoted to growing corn.Following the principle of letting the market determine prices and delinking subsidies from prices, we will reform in an active yet prudent way the system of corn purchase and storage to ensure reasonable returns for corn-growing farmers.We will adopt a full range of measures to reduce excess stockpiles of food, provide strong support for the processing of agricultural products to increase their value, develop the livestock industry, and extend the agricultural production chain.We will formulate a plan for a new round of initiatives to turn marginal farmland into forest or grassland, with the target for this year being more than one million hectares.There is much to be gained in this, and it must be carried out to full effect.We will promote the development of suitably scaled-up agricultural operations in diversified forms;improve policy support for family farms, large and specialized agricultural family operations, farming cooperatives, and other emerging forms of agribusiness;and cultivate a new type of skilled farmer.We will encourage farmers, on a voluntary basis and in accordance with relevant laws, to transfer the land they contract to work on in return for compensation, enter into cooperation or association based on land as shares, or place their land under trusteeship.We will deepen the reform of the rural collective property rights system, state farms on reclaimed land, collective forest tenure, state forestry farms, farmland irrigation and water conservancy, and rural supply and marketing cooperatives.強化農業基礎支撐。全面完成永久基本農田劃定并實行特殊保護，加強高標準農田建設，增加深松土地1.5億畝，新增高效節水灌溉面積2000萬畝。探索耕地輪作休耕制度試點。加強農業科技創新與推廣，深入開展糧食綠色高產高效創建，實施化肥農藥零增長行動。保障財政對農業投入，建立全國農業信貸擔保體系，完善農業保險制度和農村金融服務，引導帶動更多資金投向現代農業建設。

– The foundation of agriculture will be strengthened.We will complete our work nationwide on designating permanent basic cropland and provide special protection for such cropland, promote the development of high-standard cropland, improve the subsoil of an additional ten million hectares of cropland, and increase the area of cropland covered by efficient water-saving irrigation by 1.33 million hectares.We will explore trials of crop rotation and fallow land.We will promote the innovation and application of agricultural science and technology.We will promote green, high-yield, and cost efficient food crop production and achieve zero growth in the use of chemical fertilizers and insecticides.In fiscal allocations, investment in agriculture will be ensured, a national agricultural credit guaranty system will be established, the agricultural insurance system and rural financial services will be improved, and more investment in agricultural modernization will be encouraged.改善農村公共設施和服務。加大農村基礎設施建設力度，新建改建農村公路20萬公里，具備條件的鄉鎮和建制村要加快通硬化路、通客車。抓緊新一輪農村電網改造升級，兩年內實現農村穩定可靠供電服務和平原地區機井通電全覆蓋。實施飲水安全鞏固提升工程。推動電子商務進農村。開展農村人居環境整治，建設美麗宜居鄉村。

– We will improve public services and facilities in rural areas.We will step up the development of rural infrastructure.An additional 200,000 kilometers of rural roads will be built or upgraded.In towns, townships, and incorporated villages, where conditions allow, efforts should be stepped up to build paved roads and provide access to bus services.We will act promptly to launch a new round of efforts to upgrade rural power grids, and our goal is to ensure a stable and reliable supply of power to all rural areas and all electric pump sets on rural flatlands within the next two years.We will build on past progress to make further advances in providing access to safe drinking water.We will encourage the introduction of e-commerce into rural areas.We will work hard to improve rural living environments, building an even more livable and beautiful countryside.實施脫貧攻堅工程。今年要完成1000萬以上農村貧困人口脫貧任務，其中易地搬遷脫貧200萬人以上，繼續推進貧困農戶危房改造。中央財政扶貧資金增長43.4%。在貧困縣推進涉農資金整合。堅持精準扶貧脫貧，因人因地施策。大力培育特色產業，支持就業創業。解決好通路、通水、通電、通網絡等問題，增強集中連片特困地區和貧困人口發展能力。國家各項惠民政策和民生項目，要向貧困地區傾斜。深入開展定點扶貧、東西協作扶貧，支持社會力量參與脫貧攻堅。扶貧脫貧是硬任務，各級政府已經立下軍令狀，必須按時保質保量完成。

– We will combat poverty.This year, we will help more than ten million rural residents lift themselves out of poverty, including over two million poor residents who are to be relocated from inhospitable areas, and continue to rebuild the dilapidated housing of poor rural households.Central government funds for poverty alleviation efforts will be increased by 43.4%.In poor counties, various funds for rural development will be integrated.We will take targeted measures to alleviate and eliminate poverty in light of local conditions.We will channel significant energy into cultivating business operations with distinctive local features in support of employment and business development.We will construct infrastructure such as roads, water and power supply, and Internet access, and work to strengthen the ability of contiguous poor areas and persons in need to achieve development.National programs aimed at providing people with policy support and promoting people’s wellbeing will be weighted toward poor areas.We will give stronger support to targeted poor areas, encourage the eastern region to help in the alleviation of poverty in the western region, and support nongovernmental participation in combatting poverty.Poverty reduction is a must, governments at all levels have made the pledge, and it must be accomplished both qualitatively and quantitatively within the timeframe set.（五）推進新一輪高水平對外開放，著力實現合作共贏。面對國際經濟合作和競爭格局的深刻變化，順應國內經濟提質增效升級的迫切需要，要堅定不移擴大對外開放，在開放中增強發展新動能、增添改革新動力、增創競爭新優勢。

5.Carry out a new round of high-quality opening up and work to achieve mutually beneficial cooperation

In the face of profound changes in international economic cooperation and competition, and in response to the urgent need to improve the performance of and upgrade China’s economy, we must open wider to the outside world with unwavering resolve.By doing so, we can strengthen new drivers of development, add new forces to propel reform forward, and create new competitive strengths for China.扎實推進“一帶一路”建設。統籌國內區域開發開放與國際經濟合作，共同打造陸上經濟走廊和海上合作支點，推動互聯互通、經貿合作、人文交流。構建沿線大通關合作機制，建設國際物流大通道。推進邊境經濟合作區、跨境經濟合作區、境外經貿合作區建設。堅持共商共建共享，使“一帶一路”成為和平友誼紐帶、共同繁榮之路。

– We will work to secure solid progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative.We will promote domestic regional development and opening up and international economic cooperation in a coordinated way, work with other countries and regions to build overland economic corridors and maritime cooperation hubs, and promote connectivity, economic and trade cooperation, and cultural exchange.We will work to develop cooperative mechanisms for achieving compatibility in customs clearance procedures along the routes and build international logistics networks.We will promote the development of border economic cooperation zones, cross-border economic cooperation zones, and overseas economic and trade cooperation zones.With a commitment to achieving common development and shared growth through joint consultation, we will ensure that the Belt and Road Initiativecreates bonds of peace, friendship, and common prosperity.擴大國際產能合作。堅持企業為主、政府推動、市場化運作，實施一批重大示范項目。落實和完善財稅金融支持政策，設立人民幣海外合作基金，用好雙邊產能合作基金。推動裝備、技術、標準、服務走出去，打造中國制造金字品牌。

– We will work to achieve greater industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries.We will launch demonstration projects in accordance with the principle that enterprises should be the main actors, that government should provide support, and that operations should be market based.We will improve and implement related supporting fiscal, tax, and financial policies, establish an RMB overseas cooperation fund and make good use of bilateral industrial-capacity cooperation funds.We will promote greater use of Chinese equipment, technology, standards, and services in the international market, and help Chinese manufacturing brands gain international recognition.促進外貿創新發展。面對外需持續低迷的嚴峻形勢，要多措并舉，遏制進出口下滑勢頭。一要加快落實和完善政策。優化出口退稅率結構，確保及時足額退稅，嚴厲打擊騙取退稅。增加短期出口信用保險規模，實現成套設備出口融資保險應保盡保。二要鼓勵商業模式創新。擴大跨境電子商務試點，支持企業建設一批出口產品“海外倉”，促進外貿綜合服務企業發展。三要優化貿易結構。開展服務貿易創新發展試點，增加服務外包示范城市，加快發展文化對外貿易。進一步整合優化海關特殊監管區域，促進加工貿易向中西部地區轉移、向產業鏈中高端延伸。四要推進貿易便利化。全面推廣國際貿易“單一窗口”。降低出口商品查驗率。五要實施更加積極的進口政策。擴大先進技術設備、關鍵零部件及緊缺能源原材料進口。

– We will develop innovative ways to promote foreign trade.Faced with continuously weak foreign demand, we need to take a combination of measures to stop the decline in imports and exports.First, we will move faster to improve and implement policies.We will improve the structure of export tax rebate rates, ensure rebates are paid promptly and in full, and crack down on fraudulent claims.We will increase short-term export-credit insurance and provide export financing insurance for all insurable complete sets of equipment.Second, we will encourage innovative business models.We will expand trials in cross-border e-commerce, support enterprises in developing overseas warehouses for export products, and promote the development of enterprises that provide comprehensive foreign trade services.Third, we will improve the trade mix.We will launch trials to create innovative ways of developing trade in services, see that more cities become trendsetters in providing foreign outsourced services, and accelerate the development of foreign trade in cultural goods and services.We will further integrate and improve special customs regulation zones, and encourage processing trade to move to the central and western regions and extend to the medium-high end of the industrial chain.Fourth, we will further facilitate trade.We will see that the single window system is implemented for international trade nationwide.We will reduce the frequency of inspections for exports.Fifth, we will adopt a more proactive import policy.We will increase the import of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts and components, and energy and raw materials in short supply in China.提高利用外資水平。繼續放寬投資準入，擴大服務業和一般制造業開放，簡化外商投資企業設立程序，加大招商引資力度。創新內陸和沿邊開放模式，打造新的外向型產業集群，引導外資更多投向中西部地區。擴大自貿試驗區試點。創新開發區體制機制。我們將營造更加公平、更為透明、更可預期的投資環境，中國要始終成為富有吸引力的外商投資熱土。

– We will work to make better use of overseas investment.We will continue to relax market access restrictions on investment, further open the service sector and the general manufacturing sector, simplify procedures for establishing companies with overseas investment, and step up efforts to attract more investment.We will create new models of opening up for inland and border areas, develop new overseas-oriented industrial clusters, and encourage more overseas investment in the central and western regions.Pilot free trade zones will be established in more parts of the country.We will improve the systems and mechanisms for governing development zones.With these efforts, China’s investment environment will become even more fair, transparent, and predictable, and China will be able to maintain strong appeal and serve as a favorite destination for overseas investment.加快實施自由貿易區戰略。積極商簽區域全面經濟伙伴關系協定，加快中日韓自貿區等談判，推進中美、中歐投資協定談判，加強亞太自貿區聯合戰略研究。我們愿與各方一道，推進貿易投資自由化，共同構建均衡、共贏、包容的國際經貿體系。

– We will accelerate implementation of the free trade zone strategy.We wish to actively negotiate and sign the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.We will help speed up negotiations on the establishment of the China-Japan-RoK free trade area.We will work to make progress in negotiations on investment agreements between China and the United States and between China and the European Union.We will help strengthen collective strategic research on the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific.China wishes to work with all interested parties to move ahead with trade and investment liberalization and establish an international economic and trade system that is balanced, inclusive, and beneficial for all.（六）加大環境治理力度，推動綠色發展取得新突破。治理污染、保護環境，事關人民群眾健康和可持續發展，必須強力推進，下決心走出一條經濟發展與環境改善雙贏之路。

6.Step up environmental governance efforts and work to see breakthroughs in green development

Pollution control and environmental protection are important to both the health of our people and sustainable development, so we must work hard moving forward and resolve to take a path that leads to both economic development and environmental improvement.重拳治理大氣霧霾和水污染。今年化學需氧量、氨氮排放量要分別下降2%，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量分別下降3%，重點地區細顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度繼續下降。著力抓好減少燃煤排放和機動車排放。加強煤炭清潔高效利用，減少散煤使用，推進以電代煤、以氣代煤。全面實施燃煤電廠超低排放和節能改造。加快淘汰不符合強制性標準的燃煤鍋爐。增加天然氣供應，完善風能、太陽能、生物質能等發展扶持政策，提高清潔能源比重。鼓勵秸稈資源化綜合利用，限制直接焚燒。全面推廣車用燃油國五標準，淘汰黃標車和老舊車380萬輛。在重點區域實行大氣污染聯防聯控。全面推進城鎮污水處理設施建設與改造，加強農業面源污染和流域水環境綜合治理。加大工業污染源治理力度，對排污企業全面實行在線監測。強化環境保護督察，做到獎懲分明。新修訂的環境保護法必須嚴格執行，對超排偷排者必須依法嚴厲打擊，對姑息縱容者必須依法嚴肅追究。

– We will take strong measures against air and water pollution.This year, we will ensure that chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions are both reduced by 2%, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are cut by 3%, and the density of fine particulate matter(PM2.5)in key areas continues to fall.We will focus on promoting the reduction of emissions from the burning of coal and motor vehicles.We will work to promote cleaner and more efficient use of coal, ensure there is less use of untreated coal, and do more to see coal substituted with electricity and natural gas.We will upgrade coal-burning power plants nationwide to achieve ultra-low emissions and energy efficiency, and we will move faster to shut down coal-fired boilers that do not meet compulsory standards.We will increase natural gas supply, improve policy support for the development of wind, solar, and biomass energy, and increase the proportion of clean energy in total energy consumption.We will encourage a whole range of forms of straw utilization and restrict open burning.We will push for the use of automobile gasoline and diesel fuel that meet National-V standards nationwide and see that 3.8 million old or high-emission vehicles are taken off the roads.We will coordinate efforts to prevent and control air pollution in regions where it presents a problem.We will press ahead with the nationwide development and upgrading of urban sewage treatment facilities, and strengthen comprehensive efforts aimed at controlling agricultural pollution from non-point sources and at improving the water environment in river basin areas.We will step up efforts to deal with industrial pollution at the source and conduct online monitoring of all polluting enterprises.We will strengthen environmental inspection and reward and punish as appropriate.We must ensure that the newly revised Environmental Protection Law is strictly enforced, that those who emit pollutants beyond the limit allowed by their permit or without a permit are severely punished as stipulated by law, and that those who knowingly allow such violations are held to account in accordance with the law.大力發展節能環保產業。擴大綠色環保標準覆蓋面。完善扶持政策，支持推廣節能環保先進技術裝備，廣泛開展合同能源管理和環境污染第三方治理，加大建筑節能改造力度，加快傳統制造業綠色改造。開展全民節能、節水行動，推進垃圾分類處理，健全再生資源回收利用網絡，把節能環保產業培育成我國發展的一大支柱產業。

– We will work to develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.We will ensure that environmental standards are applied in more areas.We will improve policy support to encourage the use of energy-saving and environmentally friendly advanced technologies and equipment, promote on a large scale contracted energy management and third-party treatment of environmental pollution, and work to see that energy-saving renovations in buildings are strengthened and efforts are accelerated to make traditional manufacturing more eco-friendly.We will encourage everyone to conserve energy and water, make progress in using sorted treatment of waste, improve the networks for recycling renewable resources, and turn the energy conservation and environmental protection industries into pillar industries underpinning China’s development.加強生態安全屏障建設。健全生態保護補償機制。停止天然林商業性采伐，實行新一輪草原生態保護補助獎勵政策。推進地下水超采區綜合治理試點，實施濕地等生態保護與恢復工程，繼續治理荒漠化、石漠化和水土流失。保護環境，人人有責。每一個社會成員都要自覺行動起來，為建設美麗中國貢獻力量。

– We will continue to develop ecological security barriers.We will improve mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts.Commercial logging in natural forests will be banned, and a new round of subsidy and award policies for grassland ecological conservation efforts will be implemented.Trials to comprehensively deal with the over-abstraction of groundwater will be moved ahead, more will be done to protect and restore wetlands and other ecosystems, and continued efforts will be made to curb desertification, rock desertification, and soil erosion.Every one of us has an obligation to protect the environment – we call on every member of society to act and contribute to the building of a Beautiful China.（七）切實保障改善民生，加強社會建設。為政之道，民生為本。我們要念之再

三、銘之肺腑，多謀民生之利，多解民生之憂。財政收入增長雖放緩，但該給群眾辦的實事一件也不能少。

7.Strengthen social development to promote people’s well being

The best form of governance is that which puts people’s wellbeing first.We must never lose sight of this and do more to improve the lives of our people and address their concerns.Growth in government revenue is slowing, but when it comes to getting things done for the welfare of the people, we mustn’t drop a single thing.著力擴大就業創業。實施更加積極的就業政策，鼓勵以創業帶動就業。今年高校畢業生將高達765萬人，要落實好就業促進計劃和創業引領計劃，促進多渠道就業創業。用好失業保險基金結余，增加穩就業資金規模，做好企業下崗職工技能培訓和再就業工作，對城鎮就業困難人員提供托底幫扶。完成2100萬人次以上農民工職業技能提升培訓任務。加強對靈活就業、新就業形態的扶持。切實做好退役軍人安置和就業創業服務工作。

– We will promote growth in employment and new businesses.We will pursue a more proactive employment policy and encourage business startups that create employment.This year, there will be up to 7.65 million college graduates.We will use multiple channels to increase employment and encourage entrepreneurship by implementing initiatives for promoting employment of college graduates and guiding them in starting up their own businesses.We will make good use of the surplus from unemployment insurance funds and increase funds for keeping job creation stable to provide skills training for laid-off enterprise employees and help them find new employment and offer basic needs assistance to those in urban areas who face difficulties in securing employment.Over 21 million training opportunities should be provided for migrant workers to improve their skills.We will strengthen assistance for flexible employment and new forms of employment.We will see that demobilized military personnel are settled into new jobs or have good access to employment and business startup services.發展更高質量更加公平的教育。教育承載著國家的未來、人民的期盼。公共教育投入要加大向中西部和邊遠、貧困地區傾斜力度。統一城鄉義務教育經費保障機制，改善薄弱學校和寄宿制學校辦學條件。支持普惠性幼兒園發展。辦好特殊教育。加快健全現代職業教育體系，分類推進中等職業教育免除學雜費。對貧困家庭學生率先免除普通高中學雜費。落實提高鄉村教師待遇政策。加快推進遠程教育，擴大優質教育資源覆蓋面。提升高校教學水平和創新能力，推動具備條件的普通本科高校向應用型轉變。繼續擴大重點高校面向貧困地區農村招生規模，落實和完善農民工隨遷子女在當地就學和升學考試政策。支持和規范民辦教育發展。教育要促進學生德智體美全面發展，注重培養各類高素質創新型人才。從家庭到學校、從政府到社會，都要為孩子們的安全健康、成長成才擔起責任，共同托起明天的希望。

– We will promote fairer access to quality education.Education is where a country’s future and its people’s hopes and aspirations lie.We will allocate a greater share of funds for public education to the central and western regions and to remote and poor areas.We will unify the urban and rural mechanisms for funding compulsory education and improve conditions in boarding schools and schools which are badly built or poorly operated.We will support the development of kindergartens open to all children.We will see that special needs education is well provided.We will work faster to modernize the vocational education system and, type by type, begin waiving all tuition and miscellaneous fees at schools providing secondary vocational education.Students from families with financial difficulties will be the first to be exempted from tuition and miscellaneous fees at regular senior high schools.The salary and other benefits of teachers in rural areas will be increased.We will move faster to promote distance learning and expand the reach of quality educational resources.Institutions of higher learning should strengthen their teaching and their capacity for innovation.Regular undergraduate institutions will be encouraged to shift their focus toward providing applied education if they are in a position to do so.We will continue to help see the increased enrollment of students from poor rural areas into key colleges, and improve and implement policies enabling children who live with their migrant worker parents to go to secondary school or take college entrance exams in their city of residence.We will support the development of privately run educational institutions and work to ensure they meet all relevant standards.Education should promote the moral, intellectual, physical, and artistic development of students, and particular attention should be given to fostering all kinds of high-caliber creative talent.Families, schools, governments, and our society as a whole must together shoulder the responsibility of ensuring our children, our hope for tomorrow, are safe, healthy, and can grow up with the opportunity to reach their full potential.協調推進醫療、醫保、醫藥聯動改革。健康是幸福之基。今年要實現大病保險全覆蓋，政府加大投入，讓更多大病患者減輕負擔。中央財政安排城鄉醫療救助補助資金160億元，增長9.6%。整合城鄉居民基本醫保制度，財政補助由每人每年380元提高到420元。改革醫保支付方式，加快推進基本醫保全國聯網和異地就醫結算。擴大公立醫院綜合改革試點城市范圍，協同推進醫療服務價格、藥品流通等改革。深化藥品醫療器械審評審批制度改革。加快培養全科醫生、兒科醫生。在70%左右的地市開展分級診療試點。基本公共衛生服務經費財政補助從人均40元提高到45元，促進醫療資源向基層和農村流動。鼓勵社會辦醫。發展中醫藥、民族醫藥事業。建立健全符合醫療行業特點的人事薪酬制度，保護和調動醫務人員積極性。構建和諧醫患關系。完善一對夫婦可生育兩個孩子的配套政策。為了人民健康，要加快健全統一權威的食品藥品安全監管體制，嚴守從農田到餐桌、從企業到醫院的每一道防線，讓人民群眾飲食用藥安全放心。

– We will advance the coordinated reform of medical services, medical insurance, and the medicine industry.Health is at the root of happiness.This year, we aim to realize full coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme, and government funding for the scheme will be increased to reduce the financial

第四篇：2016年政府工作報告中英文

2016年政府工作報告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT ——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上 Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress

of the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

國務院總理李克強

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顧

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.過去一年，我國發展面臨多重困難和嚴峻挑戰。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經濟社會發展穩中有進、穩中有好，完成了全年主要目標任務，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——經濟運行保持在合理區間。國內生產總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經濟體中位居前列。糧食產量實現“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業形勢總體穩定，城鎮新增就業1312萬人，超過全年預期目標，成為經濟運行的一大亮點

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——結構調整取得積極進展。服務業在國內生產總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據“半壁江山”。消費對經濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術產業和裝備制造業增速快于一般工業。單位國內生產總值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——發展新動能加快成長。創新驅動發展戰略持續推進，互聯網與各行業加速融合，新興產業快速增長。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，全年新登記注冊企業增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩就業、促升級發揮了突出作用，正在推動經濟社會發生深刻變革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技領域一批創新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術取得重大進展，國產C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。對我國發展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.這些成績，是在極為復雜嚴峻的國際環境中取得的。去年世界經濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經濟造成直接沖擊和影響。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.這些成績，是在國內深層次矛盾凸顯、經濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結合，趨利避害，有效應對。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.這些成績，是在我國經濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數上取得的。現在國內生產總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經濟規模越大，增長難度隨之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中國發展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩增長調結構防風險，創新宏觀調控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.為應對持續加大的經濟下行壓力，我們在區間調控基礎上，實施定向調控和相機調控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結構性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發行地方政府債券置換存量債務3.2萬億元，降低利息負擔約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準，改革存貸比管理，創新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮棚戶區和農村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環節建設。實施重點領域消費促進工程，城鄉居民旅游、網購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領域的多種風險挑戰，守住了不發生系統性區域性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是圍繞激發市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續推動結構性改革。深入推進簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。取消和下放311項行政審批事項，取消123項職業資格許可和認定事項，徹底終結了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監管，優化公共服務流程。群眾和企業辦事更加方便，全社會創業創新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉移支付規模增加。營改增穩步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業、農村、投融資、生態文明等領域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.堅持以開放促改革促發展。努力穩定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規范進出口環節收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區經驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協定和中國－東盟自貿區升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現，國際產能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提質增效，推動產業創新升級。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定實施創新驅動發展戰略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創業、萬眾創新政策舉措，落實“互聯網+”行動計劃，增強經濟發展新動力。一大批創客走上創業創新之路。完善農業支持政策，促進農業發展方式加快轉變。針對工業增速下降、企業效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產業培育，一手抓傳統產業改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設立國家新興產業創業投資引導基金、中小企業發展基金，擴大國家自主創新示范區。積極化解過剩產能，推進企業兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產性、生活性服務業加快發展。狠抓節能減排和環境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是著眼開拓發展空間，促進區域協調發展和新型城鎮化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.繼續推動東、中、西、東北地區“四大板塊”協調發展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展“三大戰略”，在基礎設施、產業布局、生態環保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區、新疆發展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮基礎設施建設，新型城鎮化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業改革發展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業生和就業困難群體的就業創業問題。城鎮保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優撫、企業退休人員基本養老金等標準，推行機關事業單位養老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促進社會和諧穩定，推動依法行政和治理方式創新。Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發事件。加強安全生產監管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業事故數量繼續下降。推進食品安全創建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監察和審計監督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰爭東方主戰場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、二十國集團領導人峰會、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作領導人系列會議、世界經濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐領導人會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關系取得新進展，同周邊國家務實合作深入推進，同發展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯合國等國際組織和國際機制的關系全面加強，經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區事務中發揮了重要的建設性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統攬全局、科學決策的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現下降，預期增長目標未能實現。投資增長乏力，一些行業產能過剩嚴重，部分企業生產經營困難，地區和行業走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎性制度還不完善，金融等領域存在風險隱患。人民群眾關心的醫療、教育、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環境污染形勢仍很嚴峻，嚴重霧霾天氣在一些地區時有發生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產損失慘重，教訓極其深刻，必須認真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領域的不正之風和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔當意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances

exist

between

government

revenue

and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，面對錯綜復雜的國際環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展穩定任務，我們繼續堅持穩中求進工作總基調，深化改革開放，實施一系列利當前、惠長遠的重大舉措，“十二五”規劃確定的主要目標任務全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是經濟持續較快發展。國內生產總值年均增長7.8%，經濟總量穩居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿易大國和主要對外投資大國。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是結構調整取得標志性進展。服務業成為第一大產業，工業化與信息化融合加深，農業綜合生產能力明顯增強。消費成為支撐經濟增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮。單位國內生產總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基礎設施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業里程達到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車里程超過12萬公里。南水北調東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動通信網絡。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技創新實現重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導等基礎研究取得一批原創性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項目達到世界先進水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經濟增長，城鄉收入差距持續縮小。城鎮新增就業人數超過6400萬人。城鎮保障性安居工程住房建設4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農村人口飲水安全問題。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社會發展成就斐然。教育公平和質量明顯提升。基本醫療保險實現全覆蓋，基本養老保險參保率超過80%。文化軟實力持續提升。依法治國全面推進。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經過五年努力，我國經濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、國際影響力又上了一個大臺階。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”時期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的巨大優越性，集中展現了中國人民的無窮創造力，極大增強了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵全國各族人民在實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”時期主要目標任務和重大舉措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根據《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》，國務院編制了《國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會奮斗目標，針對發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續等突出問題，強調要牢固樹立和貫徹落實創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的發展理念，明確了今后五年經濟社會發展的主要目標任務，提出了一系列支撐發展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項目，突出了以下六個方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持經濟中高速增長，推動產業邁向中高端水平。實現全面建成小康社會目標，到2020年國內生產總值和城鄉居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時期經濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進產業結構優化升級，實施一批技術水平高、帶動能力強的重大工程。到2020年，先進制造業、現代服務業、戰略性新興產業比重大幅提升，全員勞動生產率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時，我國經濟總量超過90萬億元，發展的質量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個人口眾多的發展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——強化創新引領作用，為發展注入強大動力。創新是引領發展的第一動力，必須擺在國家發展全局的核心位置，深入實施創新驅動發展戰略。啟動一批新的國家重大科技項目，建設一批高水平的國家科學中心和技術創新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創新型領軍企業，建設一批全面創新改革試驗區。持續推動大眾創業、萬眾創新。促進大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用。加快建設質量強國、制造強國、知識產權強國。到2020年，力爭在基礎研究、應用研究和戰略前沿領域取得重大突破，全社會研發經費投入強度達到2.5%，科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率達到60%，邁進創新型國家和人才強國行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推進新型城鎮化和農業現代化，促進城鄉區域協調發展。縮小城鄉區域差距，既是調整經濟結構的重點，也是釋放發展潛力的關鍵。要深入推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，實現1億左右農業轉移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區和城中村改造，引導約1億人在中西部地區就近城鎮化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮化率達到60%、戶籍人口城鎮化率達到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.實施一批水利、農機、現代種業等工程，推動農業適度規模經營和區域化布局、標準化生產、社會化服務。到2020年，糧食等主要農產品供給和質量安全得到更好保障，農業現代化水平明顯提高，新農村建設取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以區域發展總體戰略為基礎，以“三大戰略”為引領，形成沿海沿江沿線經濟帶為主的縱向橫向經濟軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動力強的城市群和增長極。加強重大基礎設施建設，高鐵營業里程達到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車里程約3萬公里，實現城鄉寬帶網絡全覆蓋。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推動形成綠色生產生活方式，加快改善生態環境。堅持在發展中保護、在保護中發展，持續推進生態文明建設。深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動計劃，劃定生態空間保護紅線，推進山水林田湖生態工程，加強生態保護和修復。今后五年，單位國內生產總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達到23.04%，能源資源開發利用效率大幅提高，生態環境質量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進展，地級及以上城市空氣質量優良天數比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革開放，構建發展新體制。發展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅持和完善基本經濟制度，建立現代產權制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用，加快形成引領經濟發展新常態的體制機制和發展方式。“一帶一路”建設取得重大進展，國際產能合作實現新的突破。對外貿易向優進優出轉變，服務貿易比重顯著提升，從貿易大國邁向貿易強國。全面實行準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，逐步構建高標準自由貿易區網絡，基本形成開放型經濟新體制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持續增進民生福祉，使全體人民共享發展成果。堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，努力補齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩步前進。堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰，我國現行標準下的農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立國家基本公共服務項目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續的社會保障制度。實施義務教育學校標準化、普及高中階段教育、建設世界一流大學和一流學科等工程，勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.實現城鎮新增就業5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮棚戶區住房改造2000萬套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推進健康中國建設，人均預期壽命提高1歲。積極應對人口老齡化。構建現代公共文化服務體系，實施公民道德建設、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質生活更殷實，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”時期經濟社會發展工作，實現全面建成小康社會目標，必須著力把握好三點。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住發展第一要務不放松。發展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風險明顯增多。發展如逆水行舟，不進則退。必須毫不動搖堅持以經濟建設為中心，推動科學發展，妥善應對風險挑戰，使中國經濟這艘巨輪破浪遠航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推進結構性改革。當前發展中總量問題與結構性問題并存，結構性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進結構調整。在適度擴大總需求的同時，突出抓好供給側結構性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產品和公共服務供給，使供給和需求協同促進經濟發展，提高全要素生產率，不斷解放和發展社會生產力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。經濟發展必然會有新舊動能迭代更替的過程，當傳統動能由強變弱時，需要新動能異軍突起和傳統動能轉型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動經濟持續增長、躍上新臺階。當前我國發展正處于這樣一個關鍵時期，必須培育壯大新動能，加快發展新經濟。要推動新技術、新產業、新業態加快成長，以體制機制創新促進分享經濟發展，建設共享平臺，做大高技術產業、現代服務業等新興產業集群，打造動力強勁的新引擎。運用信息網絡等現代技術，推動生產、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產業鏈、供應鏈、價值鏈，改造提升傳統動能，使之煥發新的生機與活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.從根本上說，發展的不竭力量蘊藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優勢。實現新舊動能轉換，推動發展轉向更多依靠人力人才資源和創新，既是一個伴隨陣痛的調整過程，也是一個充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個關口，中國經濟就一定能夠浴火重生、再創輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實現全面建成小康社會目標，人民生活將會更加美好，中國特色社會主義事業前景一定會更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重點工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社會決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進結構性改革的攻堅之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持改革開放，堅持以新發展理念引領發展，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，適應經濟發展新常態，實行宏觀政策要穩、產業政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩增長與調結構的平衡，保持經濟運行在合理區間，著力加強供給側結構性改革，加快培育新的發展動能，改造提升傳統比較優勢，抓好去產能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補短板，加強民生保障，切實防控風險，努力實現“十三五”時期經濟社會發展良好開局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%－7%，居民消費價格漲幅3%左右，城鎮新增就業1000萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內，進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續減少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.經濟增長預期目標6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會目標相銜接，考慮了推進結構性改革的需要，也有利于穩定和引導市場預期。穩增長主要是為了保就業、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠實現比較充分的就業。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰更為嚴峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準備。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.從國際看，世界經濟深度調整、復蘇乏力，國際貿易增長低迷，金融和大宗商品市場波動不定，地緣政治風險上升，外部環境的不穩定不確定因素增加，對我國發展的影響不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.從國內看，長期積累的矛盾和風險進一步顯現，經濟增速換擋、結構調整陣痛、新舊動能轉換相互交織，經濟下行壓力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困難和挑戰并不可怕。中國的發展從來都是在應對挑戰中前進的，沒有過不去的坎。經過多年的快速發展，我國物質基礎雄厚，經濟韌性強、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動力，創新宏觀調控積累了豐富經驗。特別是我們有中國共產黨的堅強領導和中國特色社會主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們萬眾一心，共克時艱，就一定能夠實現全年經濟社會發展目標。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重點做好八個方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩定和完善宏觀經濟政策，保持經濟運行在合理區間。我們宏觀調控還有創新手段和政策儲備，既要立足當前、有針對性地出招，頂住經濟下行壓力，又要著眼長遠、留有后手、謀勢蓄勢。繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，創新宏觀調控方式，加強區間調控、定向調控、相機調控，統籌運用財政、貨幣政策和產業、投資、價格等政策工具，采取結構性改革尤其是供給側結構性改革舉措，為經濟發展營造良好環境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.積極的財政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項債券4000億元，繼續發行地方政府置換債券。我國財政赤字率和政府負債率在世界主要經濟體中相對較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.適度擴大財政赤字，主要用于減稅降費，進一步減輕企業負擔。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年將采取三項舉措。一是全面實施營改增，從5月1日起，將試點范圍擴大到建筑業、房地產業、金融業、生活服務業，并將所有企業新增不動產所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業稅負只減不增。二是取消違規設立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴大水利建設基金等免征范圍。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是將18項行政事業性收費的免征范圍，從小微企業擴大到所有企業和個人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.實施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業和個人負擔5000多億元。同時，適當增加必要的財政支出和政府投資，加大對民生等薄弱環節的支持。創新財政支出方式，優化財政支出結構，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快財稅體制改革。推進中央與地方事權和支出責任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權限方面給地方適當放權。進一步壓縮中央專項轉移支付規模，今年一般性轉移支付規模增長12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價計征改革。依法實施稅收征管。建立規范的地方政府舉債融資機制，對財政實力強、債務風險較低的，按法定程序適當增加債務限額。各級政府要堅持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be

第五篇：2016政府工作報告中英文對照

政府工作報告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會第四次會議上

Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of

the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

國務院總理李克強

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

現在，我代表國務院，向大會報告政府工作，請予審議，并請全國政協各位委員提出意見。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顧

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.過去一年，我國發展面臨多重困難和嚴峻挑戰。在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，全國各族人民以堅定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅克難，開拓進取，經濟社會發展穩中有進、穩中有好，完成了全年主要目標任務，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——經濟運行保持在合理區間。國內生產總值達到67.7萬億元，增長6.9%，在世界主要經濟體中位居前列。糧食產量實現“十二連增”，居民消費價格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業形勢總體穩定，城鎮新增就業1312萬人，超過全年預期目標，成為經濟運行的一大亮點

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——結構調整取得積極進展。服務業在國內生產總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據“半壁江山”。消費對經濟增長的貢獻率達到66.4%。高技術產業和裝備制造業增速快于一般工業。單位國內生產總值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——發展新動能加快成長。創新驅動發展戰略持續推進，互聯網與各行業加速融合，新興產業快速增長。大眾創業、萬眾創新蓬勃發展，全年新登記注冊企業增長21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動能對穩就業、促升級發揮了突出作用，正在推動經濟社會發生深刻變革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活進一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實際增長7.4%，快于經濟增速。去年末居民儲蓄存款余額增長8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅力度加大，農村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技領域一批創新成果達到國際先進水平，第三代核電技術取得重大進展，國產C919大型客機總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。對我國發展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and TuYouyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顧過去一年，成績來之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.這些成績，是在極為復雜嚴峻的國際環境中取得的。去年世界經濟增速為6年來最低，國際貿易增速更低，大宗商品價格深度下跌，國際金融市場震蕩加劇，對我國經濟造成直接沖擊和影響。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.這些成績，是在國內深層次矛盾凸顯、經濟下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對“三期疊加”的局面，經濟工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠近結合，趨利避害，有效應對。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.這些成績，是在我國經濟總量超過60萬億元的高基數上取得的。現在國內生產總值每增長1個百分點的增量，相當于5年前1.5個百分點、10年前2.5個百分點的增量。經濟規模越大，增長難度隨之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險阻都擋不住中國發展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩增長調結構防風險，創新宏觀調控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.為應對持續加大的經濟下行壓力，我們在區間調控基礎上，實施定向調控和相機調控。積極的財政政策注重加力增效，擴大結構性減稅范圍，實行普遍性降費，盤活財政存量資金。發行地方政府債券置換存量債務3.2萬億元，降低利息負擔約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準，改革存貸比管理，創新貨幣政策工具，加大對實體經濟支持力度。擴大有效投資，設立專項基金，加強水利、城鎮棚戶區和農村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環節建設。實施重點領域消費促進工程，城鄉居民旅游、網購、信息消費等快速增長。去年還積極應對股市、匯市異常波動等金融領域的多種風險挑戰，守住了不發生系統性區域性風險的底線，維護了國家經濟金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是圍繞激發市場活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強刺激，而是持續推動結構性改革。深入推進簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。取消和下放311項行政審批事項，取消123項職業資格許可和認定事項，徹底終結了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡85%，全面實施三證合一、一照一碼。加強事中事后監管，優化公共服務流程。群眾和企業辦事更加方便，全社會創業創新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.財稅金融等重點改革深入推進。中央對地方專項轉移支付項目減少三分之一，一般性轉移支付規模增加。營改增穩步實施，資源稅從價計征范圍擴大。取消存款利率浮動上限，推出存款保險制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統。價格改革力度加大，中央政府定價項目減少80%，地方政府定價項目減少一半以上。國有企業、農村、投融資、生態文明等領域改革有序推進，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.堅持以開放促改革促發展。努力穩定對外貿易，調整出口退稅負擔機制，清理規范進出口環節收費，提高貿易便利化水平，出口結構發生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實行備案管理，實際使用外資1263億美元，增長5.6%。非金融類對外直接投資1180億美元，增長14.7%。推廣上海自貿試驗區經驗，新設廣東、天津、福建自貿試驗區。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎設施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運營。簽署中韓、中澳自貿協定和中國－東盟自貿區升級議定書。“一帶一路”建設成效顯現，國際產能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提質增效，推動產業創新升級。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定實施創新驅動發展戰略綱要和意見，出臺推動大眾創業、萬眾創新政策舉措，落實“互聯網+”行動計劃，增強經濟發展新動力。一大批創客走上創業創新之路。完善農業支持政策，促進農業發展方式加快轉變。針對工業增速下降、企業效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產業培育，一手抓傳統產業改造提升。啟動實施《中國制造2025》，設立國家新興產業創業投資引導基金、中小企業發展基金，擴大國家自主創新示范區。積極化解過剩產能，推進企業兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進生產性、生活性服務業加快發展。狠抓節能減排和環境保護，各項約束性指標超額完成。公布自主減排行動目標，推動國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是著眼開拓發展空間，促進區域協調發展和新型城鎮化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.繼續推動東、中、西、東北地區“四大板塊”協調發展，重點推進“一帶一路”建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展“三大戰略”，在基礎設施、產業布局、生態環保等方面實施一批重大工程。制定實施促進西藏和四省藏區、新疆發展的政策措施。推進戶籍制度改革，出臺居住證制度，加強城鎮基礎設施建設，新型城鎮化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是緊扣增進民生福祉，推動社會事業改革發展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在財力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續加大。推出新的政策，重點解決高校畢業生和就業困難群體的就業創業問題。城鎮保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區住房改造開工601萬套，農村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢。加快改善貧困地區義務教育薄弱學校辦學條件，深化中小學教師職稱制度改革，重點高校招收貧困地區農村學生人數又增長10.5%。全面推開縣級公立醫院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險，建立重特大疾病醫療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補貼和重度殘疾人護理補貼制度。提高低保、優撫、企業退休人員基本養老金等標準，推行機關事業單位養老保險制度改革并完善工資制度。加強基本公共文化服務建設。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促進社會和諧穩定，推動依法行政和治理方式創新。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.國務院提請全國人大常委會審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規8部。政務公開加快推進，推廣電子政務和網上辦事。建立重大政策落實督查問責機制，開展第三方評估。有效應對自然災害和突發事件。加強安全生產監管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點行業事故數量繼續下降。推進食品安全創建示范行動。強化社會治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動，有力維護了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我們深入開展“三嚴三實”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實黨中央八項規定精神，堅決糾正“四風”，嚴格執行國務院“約法三章”。加強行政監察和審計監督。大力推進黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我們隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰爭東方主戰場的歷史地位和重大貢獻，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護和平、共守正義的堅定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習近平主席等國家領導人出訪多國，出席聯合國系列峰會、二十國集團領導人峰會、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、氣候變化大會、東亞合作領導人系列會議、世界經濟論壇等重大活動。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會、中歐領導人會晤，啟動中拉論壇。同主要大國關系取得新進展，同周邊國家務實合作深入推進，同發展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯合國等國際組織和國際機制的關系全面加強，經濟外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負責任大國，在國際和地區事務中發揮了重要的建設性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

過去一年取得的成績，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統攬全局、科學決策的結果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協力、頑強拼搏的結果。我代表國務院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞、臺灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關心和支持中國現代化建設事業的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成績的同時，我們也清醒看到，我國發展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進出口總額出現下降，預期增長目標未能實現。投資增長乏力，一些行業產能過剩嚴重，部分企業生產經營困難，地區和行業走勢分化，財政收支矛盾突出，資本市場基礎性制度還不完善，金融等領域存在風險隱患。人民群眾關心的醫療、教育、養老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環境污染形勢仍很嚴峻，嚴重霧霾天氣在一些地區時有發生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發生了“東方之星”號客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財產損失慘重，教訓極其深刻，必須認真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實不到位，少數干部不作為、不會為、亂作為，一些領域的不正之風和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進一步增強憂患意識和擔當意識，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習近平同志為核心的黨中央堅強領導下，面對錯綜復雜的國際環境和艱巨繁重的國內改革發展穩定任務，我們繼續堅持穩中求進工作總基調，深化改革開放，實施一系列利當前、惠長遠的重大舉措，“十二五”規劃確定的主要目標任務全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是經濟持續較快發展。國內生產總值年均增長7.8%，經濟總量穩居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿易大國和主要對外投資大國。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是結構調整取得標志性進展。服務業成為第一大產業，工業化與信息化融合加深，農業綜合生產能力明顯增強。消費成為支撐經濟增長的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮。單位國內生產總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基礎設施水平全面躍升。鐵路營業里程達到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車里程超過12萬公里。南水北調東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動通信網絡。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技創新實現重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導等基礎研究取得一批原創性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測等項目達到世界先進水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長快于經濟增長，城鄉收入差距持續縮小。城鎮新增就業人數超過6400萬人。城鎮保障性安居工程住房建設4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農村人口飲水安全問題。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社會發展成就斐然。教育公平和質量明顯提升。基本醫療保險實現全覆蓋，基本養老保險參保率超過80%。文化軟實力持續提升。依法治國全面推進。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經過五年努力，我國經濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、國際影響力又上了一個大臺階。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”時期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會主義的巨大優越性，集中展現了中國人民的無窮創造力，極大增強了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵全國各族人民在實現“兩個一百年”奮斗目標的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”時期主要目標任務和重大舉措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根據《中共中央關于制定國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃的建議》，國務院編制了《國民經濟和社會發展第十三個五年規劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會審查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會奮斗目標，針對發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續等突出問題，強調要牢固樹立和貫徹落實創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的發展理念，明確了今后五年經濟社會發展的主要目標任務，提出了一系列支撐發展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項目，突出了以下六個方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持經濟中高速增長，推動產業邁向中高端水平。實現全面建成小康社會目標，到2020年國內生產總值和城鄉居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時期經濟年均增長保持在6.5%以上。加快推進產業結構優化升級，實施一批技術水平高、帶動能力強的重大工程。到2020年，先進制造業、現代服務業、戰略性新興產業比重大幅提升，全員勞動生產率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時，我國經濟總量超過90萬億元，發展的質量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個人口眾多的發展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——強化創新引領作用，為發展注入強大動力。創新是引領發展的第一動力，必須擺在國家發展全局的核心位置，深入實施創新驅動發展戰略。啟動一批新的國家重大科技項目，建設一批高水平的國家科學中心和技術創新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競爭力的創新型領軍企業，建設一批全面創新改革試驗區。持續推動大眾創業、萬眾創新。促進大數據、云計算、物聯網廣泛應用。加快建設質量強國、制造強國、知識產權強國。到2020年，力爭在基礎研究、應用研究和戰略前沿領域取得重大突破，全社會研發經費投入強度達到2.5%，科技進步對經濟增長的貢獻率達到60%，邁進創新型國家和人才強國行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推進新型城鎮化和農業現代化，促進城鄉區域協調發展。縮小城鄉區域差距，既是調整經濟結構的重點，也是釋放發展潛力的關鍵。要深入推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，實現1億左右農業轉移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區和城中村改造，引導約1億人在中西部地區就近城鎮化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮化率達到60%、戶籍人口城鎮化率達到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.實施一批水利、農機、現代種業等工程，推動農業適度規模經營和區域化布局、標準化生產、社會化服務。到2020年，糧食等主要農產品供給和質量安全得到更好保障，農業現代化水平明顯提高，新農村建設取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以區域發展總體戰略為基礎，以“三大戰略”為引領，形成沿海沿江沿線經濟帶為主的縱向橫向經濟軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動力強的城市群和增長極。加強重大基礎設施建設，高鐵營業里程達到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車里程約3萬公里，實現城鄉寬帶網絡全覆蓋。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推動形成綠色生產生活方式，加快改善生態環境。堅持在發展中保護、在保護中發展，持續推進生態文明建設。深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動計劃，劃定生態空間保護紅線，推進山水林田湖生態工程，加強生態保護和修復。今后五年，單位國內生產總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達到23.04%，能源資源開發利用效率大幅提高，生態環境質量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進展，地級及以上城市空氣質量優良天數比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設天藍、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革開放，構建發展新體制。發展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅持和完善基本經濟制度，建立現代產權制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發揮政府作用，加快形成引領經濟發展新常態的體制機制和發展方式。“一帶一路”建設取得重大進展，國際產能合作實現新的突破。對外貿易向優進優出轉變，服務貿易比重顯著提升，從貿易大國邁向貿易強國。全面實行準入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，逐步構建高標準自由貿易區網絡，基本形成開放型經濟新體制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持續增進民生福祉，使全體人民共享發展成果。堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，努力補齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩步前進。堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰，我國現行標準下的農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立國家基本公共服務項目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續的社會保障制度。實施義務教育學校標準化、普及高中階段教育、建設世界一流大學和一流學科等工程，勞動年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.實現城鎮新增就業5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮棚戶區住房改造2000萬套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推進健康中國建設，人均預期壽命提高1歲。積極應對人口老齡化。構建現代公共文化服務體系，實施公民道德建設、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質生活更殷實，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”時期經濟社會發展工作，實現全面建成小康社會目標，必須著力把握好三點。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住發展第一要務不放松。發展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風險明顯增多。發展如逆水行舟，不進則退。必須毫不動搖堅持以經濟建設為中心，推動科學發展，妥善應對風險挑戰，使中國經濟這艘巨輪破浪遠航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推進結構性改革。當前發展中總量問題與結構性問題并存，結構性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進結構調整。在適度擴大總需求的同時，突出抓好供給側結構性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產品和公共服務供給，使供給和需求協同促進經濟發展，提高全要素生產率，不斷解放和發展社會生產力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新舊發展動能接續轉換。經濟發展必然會有新舊動能迭代更替的過程，當傳統動能由強變弱時，需要新動能異軍突起和傳統動能轉型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動經濟持續增長、躍上新臺階。當前我國發展正處于這樣一個關鍵時期，必須培育壯大新動能，加快發展新經濟。要推動新技術、新產業、新業態加快成長，以體制機制創新促進分享經濟發展，建設共享平臺，做大高技術產業、現代服務業等新興產業集群，打造動力強勁的新引擎。運用信息網絡等現代技術，推動生產、管理和營銷模式變革，重塑產業鏈、供應鏈、價值鏈，改造提升傳統動能，使之煥發新的生機與活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.從根本上說，發展的不竭力量蘊藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優勢。實現新舊動能轉換，推動發展轉向更多依靠人力人才資源和創新，既是一個伴隨陣痛的調整過程，也是一個充滿希望的升級過程。只要闖過這個關口，中國經濟就一定能夠浴火重生、再創輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實現全面建成小康社會目標，人民生活將會更加美好，中國特色社會主義事業前景一定會更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重點工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社會決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進結構性改革的攻堅之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個代表”重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個全面”戰略布局，堅持改革開放，堅持以新發展理念引領發展，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，適應經濟發展新常態，實行宏觀政策要穩、產業政策要準、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實、社會政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩增長與調結構的平衡，保持經濟運行在合理區間，著力加強供給側結構性改革，加快培育新的發展動能，改造提升傳統比較優勢，抓好去產能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補短板，加強民生保障，切實防控風險，努力實現“十三五”時期經濟社會發展良好開局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年發展的主要預期目標是：國內生產總值增長6.5%－7%，居民消費價格漲幅3%左右，城鎮新增就業1000萬人以上，城鎮登記失業率4.5%以內，進出口回穩向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步。單位國內生產總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續減少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.經濟增長預期目標6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會目標相銜接，考慮了推進結構性改革的需要，也有利于穩定和引導市場預期。穩增長主要是為了保就業、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠實現比較充分的就業。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰更為嚴峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準備。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.從國際看，世界經濟深度調整、復蘇乏力，國際貿易增長低迷，金融和大宗商品市場波動不定，地緣政治風險上升，外部環境的不穩定不確定因素增加，對我國發展的影響不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.從國內看，長期積累的矛盾和風險進一步顯現，經濟增速換擋、結構調整陣痛、新舊動能轉換相互交織，經濟下行壓力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困難和挑戰并不可怕。中國的發展從來都是在應對挑戰中前進的，沒有過不去的坎。經過多年的快速發展，我國物質基礎雄厚，經濟韌性強、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動力，創新宏觀調控積累了豐富經驗。特別是我們有中國共產黨的堅強領導和中國特色社會主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們萬眾一心，共克時艱，就一定能夠實現全年經濟社會發展目標。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重點做好八個方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩定和完善宏觀經濟政策，保持經濟運行在合理區間。我們宏觀調控還有創新手段和政策儲備，既要立足當前、有針對性地出招，頂住經濟下行壓力，又要著眼長遠、留有后手、謀勢蓄勢。繼續實施積極的財政政策和穩健的貨幣政策，創新宏觀調控方式，加強區間調控、定向調控、相機調控，統籌運用財政、貨幣政策和產業、投資、價格等政策工具，采取結構性改革尤其是供給側結構性改革舉措，為經濟發展營造良好環境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.積極的財政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項債券4000億元，繼續發行地方政府置換債券。我國財政赤字率和政府負債率在世界主要經濟體中相對較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.適度擴大財政赤字，主要用于減稅降費，進一步減輕企業負擔。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年將采取三項舉措。一是全面實施營改增，從5月1日起，將試點范圍擴大到建筑業、房地產業、金融業、生活服務業，并將所有企業新增不動產所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業稅負只減不增。二是取消違規設立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴大水利建設基金等免征范圍。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是將18項行政事業性收費的免征范圍，從小微企業擴大到所有企業和個人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.實施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業和個人負擔5000多億元。同時，適當增加必要的財政支出和政府投資，加大對民生等薄弱環節的支持。創新財政支出方式，優化財政支出結構，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快財稅體制改革。推進中央與地方事權和支出責任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權限方面給地方適當放權。進一步壓縮中央專項轉移支付規模，今年一般性轉移支付規模增長12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價計征改革。依法實施稅收征管。建立規范的地方政府舉債融資機制，對財政實力強、債務風險較低的，按法定程序適當增加債務限額。各級政府要堅持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it's most needed.穩健的貨幣政策要靈活適度。今年廣義貨幣M2預期增長13%左右，社會融資規模余額增長13%左右。要統籌運用公開市場操作、利率、準備金率、再貸款等各類貨幣政策工具，保持流動性合理充裕，疏通傳導機制，降低融資成本，加強對實體經濟特別是小微企業、“三農”等支持。

--We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化金融體制改革。加快改革完善現代金融監管體制，提高金融服務實體經濟效率，實現金融風險監管全覆蓋。深化利率市場化改革。繼續完善人民幣匯率市場化形成機制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩定。深化國有商業銀行和開發性、政策性金融機構改革，發展民營銀行，啟動投貸聯動試點。推進股票、債券市場改革和法治化建設，促進多層次資本市場健康發展，提高直接融資比重。適時啟動“深港通”。建立巨災保險制度。規范發展互聯網金融。大力發展普惠金融和綠色金融。加強全口徑外債宏觀審慎管理。扎緊制度籠子，整頓規范金融秩序，嚴厲打擊金融詐騙、非法集資和證券期貨領域的違法犯罪活動，堅決守住不發生系統性區域性風險的底線。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加強供給側結構性改革，增強持續增長動力。圍繞解決重點領域的突出矛盾和問題，加快破除體制機制障礙，以供給側結構性改革提高供給體系的質量和效率，進一步激發市場活力和社會創造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推動簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革向縱深發展。以敬民之心，行簡政之道，切實轉變政府職能、提高效能。繼續大力削減行政審批事項，注重解決放權不同步、不協調、不到位問題，對下放的審批事項，要讓地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，開展證照分離試點。

--We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.全面公布地方政府權力和責任清單，在部分地區試行市場準入負面清單制度。對行政事業性收費、政府定價或指導價經營服務性收費、政府性基金、國家職業資格，實行目錄清單管理。加快建設統一開放、競爭有序的市場體系，打破地方保護。深化價格改革，加強價格監管。

We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.修改和廢止有礙發展的行政法規和規范性文件。創新事中事后監管方式，全面推行“雙隨機、一公開”監管，隨機抽取檢查對象，隨機選派執法檢查人員，及時公布查處結果。推進綜合行政執法改革，實施企業信用信息統一歸集、依法公示、聯合懲戒、社會監督。

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.大力推行“互聯網+政務服務”，實現部門間數據共享，讓居民和企業少跑腿、好辦事、不添堵。簡除煩苛，禁察非法，使人民群眾有更平等的機會和更大的創造空間。

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分釋放全社會創業創新潛能。著力實施創新驅動發展戰略，促進科技與經濟深度融合，提高實體經濟的整體素質和競爭力。

--We will ensure that the whole country's potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.一是強化企業創新主體地位。落實企業研發費用加計扣除和加速折舊政策，完善高新技術企業、科技企業孵化器等稅收優惠政策。支持行業領軍企業建設高水平研發機構。加快將國家自主創新示范區試點政策推廣到全國，再建設一批國家自主創新示范區、高新區。

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.二是發揮大眾創業、萬眾創新和“互聯網+”集眾智匯眾力的乘數效應。打造眾創、眾包、眾扶、眾籌平臺，構建大中小企業、高校、科研機構、創客多方協同的新型創業創新機制。建設一批“雙創”示范基地，培育創業創新服務業，規范發展天使、創業、產業等投資。支持分享經濟發展，提高資源利用效率，讓更多人參與進來、富裕起來。實施更積極、更開放、更有效的人才引進政策。加強知識產權保護和運用，依法嚴厲打擊侵犯知識產權和制假售假行為。

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.三是深化科技管理體制改革。擴大高校和科研院所自主權，砍掉科研管理中的繁文縟節。實施支持科技成果轉移轉化的政策措施，完善股權期權稅收優惠政策和分紅獎勵辦法，鼓勵科研人員創業創新。大力弘揚創新文化，厚植創新沃土，營造敢為人先、寬容失敗的良好氛圍，充分激發企業家精神，調動全社會創業創新積極性，匯聚成推動發展的磅礴力量。

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.著力化解過剩產能和降本增效。重點抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業去產能，堅持市場倒逼、企業主體、地方組織、中央支持，運用經濟、法律、技術、環保、質量、安全等手段，嚴格控制新增產能，堅決淘汰落后產能，有序退出過剩產能。采取兼并重組、債務重組或破產清算等措施，積極穩妥處置“僵尸企業”。完善財政、金融等支持政策，中央財政安排1000億元專項獎補資金，重點用于職工分流安置。采取綜合措施，降低企業交易、物流、財務、用能等成本，堅決遏制涉企亂收費，對違規行為要嚴肅查處。

--We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善產品和服務供給。突出抓好三個方面。

We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

一是提升消費品品質。加快質量安全標準與國際標準接軌，建立商品質量懲罰性賠償制度。鼓勵企業開展個性化定制、柔性化生產，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品種、提品質、創品牌。

--We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and