第一篇：歷年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版和

歷年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版和《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》中英文對(duì)照版建議多看看，上面的習(xí)題最好都親自做一下，三級(jí)沒多大難度，充分準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)該可以通過

漢英翻譯技巧的培養(yǎng)（translation competence development）應(yīng)涉及以下內(nèi)容：

一.要培養(yǎng)對(duì)英語的語感和悟性（language intuition – open and alert mind to pick up idioms, specific expressions, etc.）；

二.要培養(yǎng)對(duì)英語的判斷能力和鑒賞能力（evaluation capacity – judgment）；

三.要培養(yǎng)對(duì)英語的洞察能力和剖析能力（power of observation – insight）；

四.要培養(yǎng)對(duì)英語細(xì)微特征的反應(yīng)能力（linguistic nuances alertness）；informal 三種文體風(fēng)格(style):

Please await instructions before dispatching items.Please wait for instructions before sending items off.Don’t send anything off until you’re told to do so.Essential measures should be undertaken at the earliest opportunity.One should undertake any necessary measures at the earliest opportunity.You should do whatever you have to as soon as you can.第八：要注意各行各業(yè)的不同術(shù)語的選擇。比如我們要把“專業(yè)簽證人員”翻譯成英語，那么我們就要按照外交用語的習(xí)慣把它翻譯為visa officers，而不應(yīng)該照字面上翻譯成specialized visa personnel。“安居工程” 的英譯不是housing project for low-income urban residents，而應(yīng)該按照社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)用語的習(xí)慣翻譯為the Affordable Housing Program;“信息化”的英譯不是informatization 或informationization，而應(yīng)該按照高科技行業(yè)習(xí)慣翻譯為the spreading / sweeping information explosion / the information explosion process / trend;“外資企業(yè)”的英譯不是overseas-funded enterprises,而應(yīng)該按照外貿(mào)行業(yè)習(xí)慣翻譯為enterprises with foreign investment / enterprises with foreign elements；再比如，高速公路上的警示語“請(qǐng)勿疲勞駕駛，”翻譯成英語不是Don’t drive tiredly，按照交通法規(guī)術(shù)語應(yīng)該翻譯為Drowsy driving is dangerous 或Drive alert, arrive alive。

第九：注意漢語和英語之間的文化差異。把“相聲”翻譯成英語不能只是翻譯其形式，還要翻譯其內(nèi)涵。翻譯成cross talk 外國人不明白；不如翻譯為comic dialogue 更好懂。再如，假設(shè)我們要把“以外貿(mào)為龍頭”翻譯成英語，能不能直接翻譯為with foreign trade as the dragon head呢？這樣翻譯是很難讓外國人明白的，因?yàn)椤耙浴瓰辇堫^”這個(gè)說法是源自耍龍燈的習(xí)俗，而多數(shù)外國人不一定熟悉中國人的這一習(xí)俗。為了取得好的翻譯效果，最好是用能夠跨越文化障礙的表達(dá)方法，如“火車頭”或“旗艦”：with foreign trade as the locomotive / flagship。

但是不能機(jī)械地對(duì)待一切類似的翻譯問題，我們的頭腦里應(yīng)該有一點(diǎn)辯證法。比如漢語的“魚米之鄉(xiāng)”(land of fish and rice)，在英語里有一個(gè)類似的說法land of milk and honey，但由于land of fish and rice 外國人也能理解，不會(huì)造成跨化交流的障礙，所以我們可以采用land of fish and rice的說法，以保留一點(diǎn)中國的特色。

第十：對(duì)于暗含的意思，必須把它明白地翻譯出來，這樣便于外國讀者理解。例如，”東邊日出西邊雨，道是無晴卻有晴”中的“晴”字，它是個(gè)雙關(guān)語，有“天晴”和“愛情”的雙重意思。我們?cè)诜g的時(shí)候，必須做到二者兼顧：

It’s sunny in the east but in the west it’s raining hard.Whether rain or sunshine, he’s the sunshine in my heart.再如，“這種鞋油為您足下增光”中的“足下”也是個(gè)雙關(guān)語，翻譯的時(shí)候也必須把兩層意思都表達(dá)出來：This shoe shine shines your shoes and you look great.第十一：有時(shí)候，比如翻譯詩句，光翻譯字面上的意思是不夠的，還必須把字里行間的深度、力量和美感表達(dá)出來。例如，朱門酒肉臭，路有凍死骨：不是 Wines and

meats become rotten in the mansions;Dead bones become rotten at the doors of them，而是：In the mansions, rolling luxury allows wine and meat to go rotten away;On the streets, grinding poverty causes dead bodies to freeze and decay.第十二：漢語和英語在語法語序和句子結(jié)構(gòu)上都有很大的差別。因此，在進(jìn)行中譯英的時(shí)候必須要考慮到這些方面的變化。例如，改革開放開放取得了巨大的成就：不是The economic reform and the opening-up have made great achievements.而是把“巨大的成就”當(dāng)作主語，把主動(dòng)語態(tài)變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)：Great achievements have been made in the economic reform and in our efforts to open-up China to the outside world.綜上所述，一個(gè)好的翻譯人員必須具有高屋見瓴的視角，要懂得翻譯的真諦是什么。要想提高漢英翻譯水平，必須加強(qiáng)對(duì)上述各種意識(shí)的培養(yǎng)。必須養(yǎng)成多層次、多角度的思維習(xí)慣

第二篇：2016政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照

政府工作報(bào)告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

——2016年3月5日在第十二屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第四次會(huì)議上

Delivered at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress of

the People's Republic of China on March 5, 2016

國務(wù)院總理李克強(qiáng)

Li Keqiang Premier of the State Council

各位代表：

現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告政府工作，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

Esteemed Deputies，On behalf of the State Council, I will now report to you on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I invite comments on my report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、2015年工作回顧

Let me start with a review of the work we did in 2015.過去一年，我國發(fā)展面臨多重困難和嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國各族人民以堅(jiān)定的信心和非凡的勇氣，攻堅(jiān)克難，開拓進(jìn)取，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展穩(wěn)中有進(jìn)、穩(wěn)中有好，完成了全年主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

In the past year, China has encountered many difficulties and challenges in its development.However, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China(CPC)headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and with confidence and courage, all the people of China have worked to overcome obstacles and have pressed ahead with a pioneering spirit.As a result, progress has been achieved and stability ensured in economic and social development, the main tasks and targets for the year have been fulfilled, and major achievements have been made in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.——經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行保持在合理區(qū)間。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到67.7萬億元，增長(zhǎng)6.9%，在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中位居前列。糧食產(chǎn)量實(shí)現(xiàn)“十二連增”，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅保持較低水平。特別是就業(yè)形勢(shì)總體穩(wěn)定，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1312萬人，超過全年預(yù)期目標(biāo)，成為經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的一大亮點(diǎn)

--The economy operated within an appropriate range.GDP reached 67.7 trillion yuan, representing an increase of 6.9% over the previous year-a growth rate faster than that of most other major economies.Food crop production increased for the 12th year in a row.Consumer prices grew slowly.Of particular note, the employment situation overall remained stable, with 13.12 million new urban jobs created over the course of the year, surpassing the year's target and becoming an economic highlight.——結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得積極進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值中的比重上升到50.5%，首次占據(jù)“半壁江山”。消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到66.4%。高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和裝備制造業(yè)增速快于一般工業(yè)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降5.6%。

--Encouraging progress was made in structural adjustment.The service sector as a proportion of GDP rose to 50.5%, accounting for more than half for the first time.The contribution of consumption toward economic growth reached 66.4%.High-tech industries and equipment manufacturing grew faster than other industries.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 5.6%.——發(fā)展新動(dòng)能加快成長(zhǎng)。創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略持續(xù)推進(jìn)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與各行業(yè)加速融合，新興產(chǎn)業(yè)快速增長(zhǎng)。大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新蓬勃發(fā)展，全年新登記注冊(cè)企業(yè)增長(zhǎng)21.6%，平均每天新增1.2萬戶。新動(dòng)能對(duì)穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促升級(jí)發(fā)揮了突出作用，正在推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)生深刻變革。

--New driving forces for development grew rapidly.Further progress was made in implementing the strategy of innovation-driven development,the penetration of the Internet into all industries picked up pace, and emerging industries grew rapidly.Business startups and innovations by the general public flourished, with the number of newly registered businesses rising by 21.6% in 2015, or an average of 12,000 new businesses per day.New driving forces played a major role in keeping employment stable and pushing ahead industry upgrading, and are now driving profound economic and social change in China.——人民生活進(jìn)一步改善。全國居民人均可支配收入實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)7.4%，快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增速。去年末居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款余額增長(zhǎng)8.5%，新增4萬多億元。又解決6434萬農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。扶貧攻堅(jiān)力度加大，農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1442萬人。

--Living standards improved.Personal per capita disposable income increased by 7.4% in real terms, overtaking the growth rate of the economy.By the end of last year, personal savings deposits had risen by 8.5%, an increase of more than four trillion yuan.In rural areas, another 64.34 million people gained access to safe drinking water and greater alleviation efforts reduced the number of people living in poverty by 14.42 million.科技領(lǐng)域一批創(chuàng)新成果達(dá)到國際先進(jìn)水平，第三代核電技術(shù)取得重大進(jìn)展，國產(chǎn)C919大型客機(jī)總裝下線，屠呦呦獲得諾貝爾生理學(xué)或醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。對(duì)我國發(fā)展取得的成就，全國各族人民倍感振奮和自豪！

A number of world-class innovations were made in science and technology.Major headway was made in the development of 3G nuclear power technology, China's self-developed C919 large jetliner rolled off the assembly line, and TuYouyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.回顧過去一年，成績(jī)來之不易。

These achievements in China's development, a source of pride and motivation for our people, did not come easily.這些成績(jī)，是在極為復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻的國際環(huán)境中取得的。去年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增速為6年來最低，國際貿(mào)易增速更低，大宗商品價(jià)格深度下跌，國際金融市場(chǎng)震蕩加劇，對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)造成直接沖擊和影響。

They were made in the context of an extremely complicated and challenging international environment.In 2015, world economic growth fell to its lowest rate in six years, growth in international trade slowed, commodity prices plummeted, and there was growing volatility in the global financial market.All this had a direct impact on China's economy.這些成績(jī)，是在國內(nèi)深層次矛盾凸顯、經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大的情況下取得的。面對(duì)“三期疊加”的局面，經(jīng)濟(jì)工作遇到不少兩難甚至多難問題，需要遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合，趨利避害，有效應(yīng)對(duì)。

They were made at the same time as deep-seated domestic problems were becoming prominent and downward pressure on the economy was mounting.While dealing with the slowdown in economic growth, making difficult structural adjustments, and absorbing the effects of previous economic stimulus policies, China was also confronted with many difficult problems and choices in the running of the economy, and this called for effective responses based on the need both to combine long-term and short-term considerations and to seek benefit and avoid harm.這些成績(jī)，是在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過60萬億元的高基數(shù)上取得的。現(xiàn)在國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值每增長(zhǎng)1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量，相當(dāng)于5年前1.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)、10年前2.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)的增量。經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模越大，增長(zhǎng)難度隨之增加。

Finally, they were made at a time when China's economic output had exceeded 60 trillion yuan.Every percentage point of GDP growth today is equivalent to 1.5 percentage points of growth five years ago or 2.5 percentage points of growth ten years ago.The larger the economy grows, the greater the difficulty of achieving growth.在困難和壓力面前，全國各族人民付出了極大辛勞，一步一步走了過來。這再次表明，任何艱難險(xiǎn)阻都擋不住中國發(fā)展前行的步伐！

In the face of these difficulties and pressures, all our people have truly exerted themselves and progressed step by step to get us where we are today.This once again demonstrates that no difficulty or hardship will ever stop China from moving forward.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

I will now move on to discuss the main work we did last year:

一是著力穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)防風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式。

First, we maintained stable growth, made structural adjustments, guarded against risks, and developed new ways of conducting macro regulation.為應(yīng)對(duì)持續(xù)加大的經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，我們?cè)趨^(qū)間調(diào)控基礎(chǔ)上，實(shí)施定向調(diào)控和相機(jī)調(diào)控。積極的財(cái)政政策注重加力增效，擴(kuò)大結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅范圍，實(shí)行普遍性降費(fèi)，盤活財(cái)政存量資金。發(fā)行地方政府債券置換存量債務(wù)3.2萬億元，降低利息負(fù)擔(dān)約2000億元，減輕了地方政府償債壓力。穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策注重松緊適度，多次降息降準(zhǔn)，改革存貸比管理，創(chuàng)新貨幣政策工具，加大對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)支持力度。擴(kuò)大有效投資，設(shè)立專項(xiàng)基金，加強(qiáng)水利、城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)和農(nóng)村危房改造、中西部鐵路和公路等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)建設(shè)。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域消費(fèi)促進(jìn)工程，城鄉(xiāng)居民旅游、網(wǎng)購、信息消費(fèi)等快速增長(zhǎng)。去年還積極應(yīng)對(duì)股市、匯市異常波動(dòng)等金融領(lǐng)域的多種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，守住了不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線，維護(hù)了國家經(jīng)濟(jì)金融安全。

In responding to the mounting downward pressure on the economy, we exercised targeted and well-timed regulation on the basis of range-based regulation.We adopted proactive fiscal policy that focused on increasing intensity and efficacy by expanding the scope of structural tax reductions, reducing fees across the board, and putting dormant budgetary funds to good use.Local government bonds issued to replace outstanding debt reached 3.2 trillion yuan, lessening the interest payment burden of local governments by approximately 200 billion yuan while also reducing their debt repayment pressure.We pursued prudent monetary policy with an appropriate amount of intensity, making several cuts to interest rates and required reserve ratios, reforming management of the loan-to-deposit ratio, creating new monetary policy tools, and increasing support for the real economy.Effective investment increased, special-purpose funds were established, and development was strengthened in areas in need of attention, including water conservancy, rundown urban areas and dilapidated rural housing, and railways and highways in the central and western regions.Consumer spending was promoted in key areas, spurring rapid growth in spending on recreational travel, online shopping, and information goods and services.In 2015, we also responded proactively to a variety of risks and challenges in the financial sector, such as unusual fluctuations in the stock market and the foreign exchange market, ensuring that no systemic or regional threats arose, thus safeguarding China's economic and financial security.二是圍繞激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力，加大改革開放力度。我們不搞“大水漫灌”式的強(qiáng)刺激，而是持續(xù)推動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。深入推進(jìn)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革。取消和下放311項(xiàng)行政審批事項(xiàng)，取消123項(xiàng)職業(yè)資格許可和認(rèn)定事項(xiàng)，徹底終結(jié)了非行政許可審批。工商登記前置審批精簡(jiǎn)85%，全面實(shí)施三證合一、一照一碼。加強(qiáng)事中事后監(jiān)管，優(yōu)化公共服務(wù)流程。群眾和企業(yè)辦事更加方便，全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新熱情日益高漲。

Second, we intensified reform and opening up to invigorate the market.Rather than adopting strong stimulus policies that would have an economy-wide impact, we continued to move forward with structural reform.We intensified reform to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.We delegated the power or cancelled the requirement for government review for 311 items, cancelled the requirement for verification or approval for 123 professional qualifications, and put a complete stop to the practice of non-administrative review.The number of items which require government approval for new businesses prior to registration was cut by 85%, and the system of a separate business license, organization code certificate, and taxation registration certificate was replaced by a unified business license with a unified social credit code.Both operational and post-operational oversight over businesses were strengthened, and public service procedures were improved.Government-related procedures for individuals and businesses were made much simpler, such that enthusiasm for stepping out into business and making innovations is rising by the day.財(cái)稅金融等重點(diǎn)改革深入推進(jìn)。中央對(duì)地方專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付項(xiàng)目減少三分之一，一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增加。營(yíng)改增穩(wěn)步實(shí)施，資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征范圍擴(kuò)大。取消存款利率浮動(dòng)上限，推出存款保險(xiǎn)制度，建立人民幣跨境支付系統(tǒng)。價(jià)格改革力度加大，中央政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少80%，地方政府定價(jià)項(xiàng)目減少一半以上。國有企業(yè)、農(nóng)村、投融資、生態(tài)文明等領(lǐng)域改革有序推進(jìn)，全面深化改革的成效正在顯現(xiàn)。

Fiscal, tax, financial, and other key reforms were deepened.The central government cut, by one third, the number of items for which special transfer payments are permitted, while scaling up its general transfer payments.Steady progress was made in replacing business tax with VAT.Ad valorem taxation was extended to cover more types of resource taxes.The upper limit of the floating band on deposit rates was removed, the deposit insurance system was introduced, and the RMB cross-border payment system was established.Pricing reform was intensified, with the number of central government set prices reduced by 80% and the number of local government set prices cut by more than 50%.We carried out state-owned enterprise(SOE)reforms, rural reforms, and investment and financing reforms, ecological management reforms, and others.Efforts to intensify reform in all respects are beginning to deliver results.堅(jiān)持以開放促改革促發(fā)展。努力穩(wěn)定對(duì)外貿(mào)易，調(diào)整出口退稅負(fù)擔(dān)機(jī)制，清理規(guī)范進(jìn)出口環(huán)節(jié)收費(fèi)，提高貿(mào)易便利化水平，出口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生積極變化。外商投資限制性條目減少一半，95%以上實(shí)行備案管理，實(shí)際使用外資1263億美元，增長(zhǎng)5.6%。非金融類對(duì)外直接投資1180億美元，增長(zhǎng)14.7%。推廣上海自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，新設(shè)廣東、天津、福建自貿(mào)試驗(yàn)區(qū)。人民幣加入國際貨幣基金組織特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行正式成立，絲路基金投入運(yùn)營(yíng)。簽署中韓、中澳自貿(mào)協(xié)定和中國－東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)升級(jí)議定書。“一帶一路”建設(shè)成效顯現(xiàn)，國際產(chǎn)能合作步伐加快，高鐵、核電等中國裝備走出去取得突破性進(jìn)展。

Momentum was created for reform and development through opening up.We worked hard to keep foreign trade stable by adjusting the mechanism for sharing the cost of export tax rebates between the central and local governments, overhauling and regulating charges for imports and exports, increasing trade facilitation, and making changes to the export mix.The number of restrictions on overseas investment in China was cut by 50%, and over 95% of overseas-funded projects may now be undertaken on a simple reporting basis.China utilized US$126.3 billion of overseas investment, an increase of 5.6%.Non-financial outward foreign direct investment reached $118 billion, up 14.7%.Pilot free trade zones were established in Guangdong, Tianjin, and Fujian based on the model of the China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone.The RMB was included in the IMF's Special Drawing Rights basket.The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank was officially inaugurated, and the Silk Road Fund opened for business.China signed free trade agreements with the Republic of Korea and Australia, respectively,and signed the Protocol to Amend the Framework Agreement on Comprehensive Economic Cooperation between China and ASEAN.Progress was made in the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative(the Belt and Road Initiative), the pace of our industrial-capacity cooperation with other countries was stepped up, and breakthroughs were made in China's export of high-speed railway and nuclear power equipment.三是聚焦提質(zhì)增效，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新升級(jí)。

Third, we worked to promote industrial innovation and upgrading to improve economic performance.制定實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略綱要和意見，出臺(tái)推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新政策舉措，落實(shí)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，增強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新動(dòng)力。一大批創(chuàng)客走上創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新之路。完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持政策，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式加快轉(zhuǎn)變。針對(duì)工業(yè)增速下降、企業(yè)效益下滑，我們一手抓新興產(chǎn)業(yè)培育，一手抓傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)改造提升。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施《中國制造2025》，設(shè)立國家新興產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)投資引導(dǎo)基金、中小企業(yè)發(fā)展基金，擴(kuò)大國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)。積極化解過剩產(chǎn)能，推進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組。近三年淘汰落后煉鋼煉鐵產(chǎn)能9000多萬噸、水泥2.3億噸、平板玻璃7600多萬重量箱、電解鋁100多萬噸。促進(jìn)生產(chǎn)性、生活性服務(wù)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。狠抓節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)，各項(xiàng)約束性指標(biāo)超額完成。公布自主減排行動(dòng)目標(biāo)，推動(dòng)國際氣候變化談判取得積極成果。

To strengthen the new growth engines, an innovation-driven development plan was adopted along with guidelines on its implementation, policies and measures were introduced to encourage public participation in starting businesses and making innovations, and the Internet Plus action plan was implemented.A great number of makers started businesses and made innovations.Improvements were made to policies in support of agriculture to promote transformation of the agricultural growth model.In addressing the decline in industrial growth and the downward slide incorporate performance, we worked to foster new industries and upgrade traditional ones.We launched the Made in China 2025 initiative to upgrade manufacturing, set up government funds to encourage investment in emerging industries and to develop small and medium-sized enterprises, and established more national innovation demonstration zones.We cut overcapacity and encouraged business acquisitions and restructuring.Cuts made in outdated production capacity over the past three years have included over 90 million metric tons of steel and iron, 230 million metric tons of cement, over 76 million weight cases of plate glass, and more than one million metric tons of electrolytic aluminum.The development of production-and consumer-oriented service industries picked up momentum.We took serious measures to conserve energy, reduce emissions, and protect the environment, exceeding obligatory targets.We released self-imposed emissions reduction targets and contributed to the positive outcomes of international negotiations on climate change.四是著眼開拓發(fā)展空間，促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展和新型城鎮(zhèn)化。

Fourth, we promoted coordinated development between regions and the new type of urbanization to expand development space.繼續(xù)推動(dòng)?xùn)|、中、西、東北地區(qū)“四大板塊”協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)、京津冀協(xié)同發(fā)展、長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶發(fā)展“三大戰(zhàn)略”，在基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、產(chǎn)業(yè)布局、生態(tài)環(huán)保等方面實(shí)施一批重大工程。制定實(shí)施促進(jìn)西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆發(fā)展的政策措施。推進(jìn)戶籍制度改革，出臺(tái)居住證制度，加強(qiáng)城鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，新型城鎮(zhèn)化取得新成效。

Work continued to promote the coordinated development of the eastern region, the central region, the western region, and the northeast;priority was placed on moving forward with the Three Initiatives-the Belt and Road Initiative, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei integration initiative, and the Yangtze Economic Belt initiative.A number of major projects were also launched to develop infrastructure, improve the distribution of industries, and achieve ecological and environmental conservation.Policies and measures were introduced to promote the development of Tibet, Xinjiang, and Tibetan ethnic areas in the provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu, and Qinghai.We pressed ahead with the reform of the household registration system, adopted a residence certification system, and stepped up the development of urban infrastructure, making progress in developing new urbanization.五是緊扣增進(jìn)民生福祉，推動(dòng)社會(huì)事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。

Fifth, we promoted the reform and development of social programs to improve living standards.在財(cái)力緊張情況下，保障民生力度繼續(xù)加大。推出新的政策，重點(diǎn)解決高校畢業(yè)生和就業(yè)困難群體的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)問題。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房基本建成772萬套，棚戶區(qū)住房改造開工601萬套，農(nóng)村危房改造432萬戶，一大批住房困難家庭圓了安居夢(mèng)。加快改善貧困地區(qū)義務(wù)教育薄弱學(xué)校辦學(xué)條件，深化中小學(xué)教師職稱制度改革，重點(diǎn)高校招收貧困地區(qū)農(nóng)村學(xué)生人數(shù)又增長(zhǎng)10.5%。全面推開縣級(jí)公立醫(yī)院綜合改革，拓展居民大病保險(xiǎn)，建立重特大疾病醫(yī)療救助制度、困難殘疾人生活補(bǔ)貼和重度殘疾人護(hù)理補(bǔ)貼制度。提高低保、優(yōu)撫、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金等標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，推行機(jī)關(guān)事業(yè)單位養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革并完善工資制度。加強(qiáng)基本公共文化服務(wù)建設(shè)。廣大人民群眾有了更多獲得感。

Despite fiscal constraints, we continued to intensify efforts to help ensure the wellbeing of our people.New policies were launched to create jobs and business startup opportunities for college graduates and those with difficulties finding employment.Over the course of the year, 7.72 million government-subsidized housing units were basically completed in urban areas, work started on the reconstruction of 6.01 million housing units in rundown urban areas, and 4.32 million dilapidated houses in rural areas were rebuilt, helping large numbers of families that are struggling with housing realize their dream of having a home to settle in.We moved more quickly to improve conditions in badly built and poorly operated schools providing compulsory education in poor areas, deepened the reform of the professional title system for elementary and secondary school teachers, and increased the number of students from poor rural areas who were enrolled in key institutions of higher learning by a further 10.5%.Comprehensive reform was carried out in all public hospitals at the county level, the coverage of the serious disease insurance scheme was extended to more rural and non-working urban residents, a system of assistance for treating major and serious diseases was put in place, and a system for providing living allowances for people with disabilities who are in need and for granting nursing care subsidies to persons with severe disabilities was established.We increased subsistence allowances, benefits for entitled groups, and basic pension benefits for enterprise retirees, implemented the reform of the pension system for employees of Party and government offices and public institutions, and improved their wage system.Efforts to develop basic public cultural services were also intensified.All of this has resulted in a stronger sense of benefit in society.六是促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，推動(dòng)依法行政和治理方式創(chuàng)新。

Sixth, we developed new ways of conducting law-based administration and governance to promote social harmony and stability.國務(wù)院提請(qǐng)全國人大常委會(huì)審議法律議案11件，制定修訂行政法規(guī)8部。政務(wù)公開加快推進(jìn)，推廣電子政務(wù)和網(wǎng)上辦事。建立重大政策落實(shí)督查問責(zé)機(jī)制，開展第三方評(píng)估。有效應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害和突發(fā)事件。加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，事故總量和重特大事故、重點(diǎn)行業(yè)事故數(shù)量繼續(xù)下降。推進(jìn)食品安全創(chuàng)建示范行動(dòng)。強(qiáng)化社會(huì)治安綜合治理，依法打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)，有力維護(hù)了公共安全。

The State Council submitted 11 legislative proposals to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and enacted or revised eight sets of administrative regulations.Efforts were accelerated to increase government transparency and expand the application of e-government and online administration.We set up a mechanism to inspect and establish accountability for the implementation of major government policies and introduced third-party evaluations.We responded effectively to natural disasters and emergencies.Efforts were stepped up to ensure workplace safety;as a result, we have seen a continued reduction in the number of total accidents, including the number of accidents of a serious or large-scale nature as well as those in industries where accidents tend to be more common.We moved ahead with the demonstration initiative to ensure food safety.We strengthened all-round efforts to maintain law and order and cracked down on crimes in accordance with the law to safeguard public security.我們深入開展“三嚴(yán)三實(shí)”專題教育，鍥而不舍落實(shí)黨中央八項(xiàng)規(guī)定精神，堅(jiān)決糾正“四風(fēng)”，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行國務(wù)院“約法三章”。加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)察和審計(jì)監(jiān)督。大力推進(jìn)黨風(fēng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)，一批腐敗分子受到懲處。

The campaign to build understanding of the Three Stricts and Three Honests* was intensified, the CPC Central Committee's eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct continued to be implemented, action was taken against formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and rigorous efforts were made to carry out the State Council's three-point decision on curbing government spending.Administrative supervision and oversight through auditing were strengthened.We stepped up efforts to improve Party conduct and government integrity and fight corruption, and brought a number of offenders to justice.我們隆重紀(jì)念中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)暨世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)勝利70周年，集中宣示了我國作為世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)東方主戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)的歷史地位和重大貢獻(xiàn)，彰顯了中國人民同各國人民共護(hù)和平、共守正義的堅(jiān)定信念！

We marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Global War against Fascism.This anniversary was a reminder of China's place in history as the main theater in the East during the Global War against Fascism and its major contribution to the war effort.The Chinese people marked this occasion to demonstrate their dedication to safeguarding peace and upholding justice together with other peoples.一年來，全方位外交成果豐碩。習(xí)近平主席等國家領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人出訪多國，出席聯(lián)合國系列峰會(huì)、二十國集團(tuán)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)、亞太經(jīng)合組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議、氣候變化大會(huì)、東亞合作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人系列會(huì)議、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇等重大活動(dòng)。成功舉行中非合作論壇峰會(huì)、中歐領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會(huì)晤，啟動(dòng)中拉論壇。同主要大國關(guān)系取得新進(jìn)展，同周邊國家務(wù)實(shí)合作深入推進(jìn)，同發(fā)展中國家友好合作不斷拓展，同聯(lián)合國等國際組織和國際機(jī)制的關(guān)系全面加強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)外交、人文交流卓有成效。中國作為負(fù)責(zé)任大國，在國際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中發(fā)揮了重要的建設(shè)性作用。

Over the past year, China's all-round diplomacy has delivered fruitful outcomes.President Xi Jinping and other Chinese leaders have visited many countries and attended international events including the United Nations summits, the G20 Leaders Summit, the 23rd APEC Economic Leaders Meeting, the 21st Session of the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, the East Asian leaders' meetings on cooperation, and the World Economic Forum annual meeting 2016.The Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation and the China-EU Leaders' Meeting were held, and the China and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States(CELAC)Forum was inaugurated.Fresh progress was made in China's relations with other major countries;pragmatic cooperation with neighboring countries was strengthened;friendship and cooperation with other developing countries grew;relations with the United Nations and other international organizations and mechanisms were strengthened in all areas;and notable achievements were made in economic diplomacy and cultural exchanges.As a responsible major country, China played an important constructive role in international and regional affairs.各位代表！

過去一年取得的成績(jī)，是以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、科學(xué)決策的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民齊心協(xié)力、頑強(qiáng)拼搏的結(jié)果。我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯感謝！

We owe these achievements to the sound overall decisions made by the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, and to the concerted and determined efforts of all members of the Party, all members of the armed forces, and all the people of China.On behalf of the State Council, I wish to express our sincere gratitude to the people of all ethnic groups in China including public figures from all sectors of society and to the other parties and the people's organizations.I express our heartfelt appreciation to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, and to Chinese nationals overseas.I also wish to express our sincere thanks to the governments, international organizations, and friends from all over the world who have shown understanding and support for China in her endeavor to modernize.在充分肯定去年成績(jī)的同時(shí)，我們也清醒看到，我國發(fā)展中還存在不少困難和問題。受全球貿(mào)易萎縮等因素影響，去年我國進(jìn)出口總額出現(xiàn)下降，預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。投資增長(zhǎng)乏力，一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩嚴(yán)重，部分企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難，地區(qū)和行業(yè)走勢(shì)分化，財(cái)政收支矛盾突出，資本市場(chǎng)基礎(chǔ)性制度還不完善，金融等領(lǐng)域存在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)隱患。人民群眾關(guān)心的醫(yī)療、教育、養(yǎng)老、食品藥品安全、收入分配、城市管理等方面問題較多，環(huán)境污染形勢(shì)仍很嚴(yán)峻，嚴(yán)重霧霾天氣在一些地區(qū)時(shí)有發(fā)生。特別令人痛心的是，去年發(fā)生了“東方之星”號(hào)客輪翻沉事件和天津港特別重大火災(zāi)爆炸等事故，人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失慘重，教訓(xùn)極其深刻，必須認(rèn)真汲取。政府工作還存在不足，有些改革和政策措施落實(shí)不到位，少數(shù)干部不作為、不會(huì)為、亂作為，一些領(lǐng)域的不正之風(fēng)和腐敗問題不容忽視。我們要進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)和擔(dān)當(dāng)意識(shí)，下更大力氣解決這些問題，始終以民之所望為施政所向，盡心竭力做好政府工作，決不辜負(fù)人民重托。

While recognizing our achievements, we are also keenly aware that our country is still confronted with many difficulties and problems in pursuing development.With the decline in global trade, amongst other factors, China experienced a fall in its total imports and exports and failed to reach its growth objective in this regard.Growth in investment is sluggish, overcapacity is a serious problem in certain industries, some enterprises are facing difficulties in production and operations, growth prospects are mixed for different regions and different industries, notable imbalances exist between government revenue and expenditures, the basic institutions for the capital market still need to be improved, and there are latent risks in the financial and other sectors.There are many problems in medical care, education, elderly care, food and medicine safety, income distribution, and urban management that are of concern to the people.The situation remains grave when it comes to environmental pollution, and some regions are frequently hit by severe smog.Particularly distressing, last year saw the sinking of the cruise ship Oriental Star on the Yangtze and the massive explosion in Tianjin Port.The deaths and injuries and the damage and loss of property from these incidents were devastating, and the profound lessons these incidents have taught us should never be forgotten.There are still inadequacies in the work of the government.Some reforms, policies, and measures have not been fully implemented;a small number of government employees either do not or are unable to fulfill their duties, or behave irresponsibly;and the corruption and misconduct in some sectors cannot be ignored.We must be more mindful of the difficulties ahead, more ready to assume responsibility, and more hardworking in ensuring these problems are solved.The wishes of the people should always determine the aim of our governance;we must do our utmost to deliver a strong performance in our work and never fail to live up to the great trust the people have placed in us.各位代表！

2015年是“十二五”收官之年。過去五年，我國發(fā)展成就舉世矚目。黨的十八大以來，在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，面對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的國際環(huán)境和艱巨繁重的國內(nèi)改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定任務(wù)，我們繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，深化改革開放，實(shí)施一系列利當(dāng)前、惠長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的重大舉措，“十二五”規(guī)劃確定的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)全面完成。

Esteemed Deputies，The period covered by the 12th Five-Year Plan came to a close in 2015.During the past five years, impressive achievements were made in China's development.Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, we have found ourselves in a complicated international environment, and we have faced the challenging tasks of carrying out reform and development and maintaining stability at home.However, under the guidance of the CPC Central Committee headed by General Secretary Xi Jinping, we have continued our commitment to the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable, deepened reform and opening up, and adopted a series of major measures that should deliver both immediate and long-term benefits.As a result, we successfully fulfilled all the main tasks and targets set out in the 12th Five-Year Plan.一是經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)較快發(fā)展。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)7.8%，經(jīng)濟(jì)總量穩(wěn)居世界第二位，成為全球第一貨物貿(mào)易大國和主要對(duì)外投資大國。

First, a high rate of economic development was maintained.During this period, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.8%.This growth enabled China to comfortably maintain its position as the world's second-largest economy, and become the largest trading nation in terms of goods as well as a major outbound investor.二是結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得標(biāo)志性進(jìn)展。服務(wù)業(yè)成為第一大產(chǎn)業(yè)，工業(yè)化與信息化融合加深，農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力明顯增強(qiáng)。消費(fèi)成為支撐經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主要力量。超過一半人口居住在城鎮(zhèn)。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降18.2%，主要污染物排放量減少12%以上。

Second, milestone progress was achieved in structural adjustments.Service industries have grown to be the largest economic sector, information technology has been further integrated into industrialization, and overall agricultural production capacity has notably improved.Consumption has become a major driver of growth.Over half of China's population now resides in urban areas.Energy consumption per unit of GDP has dropped by 18.2%, and the emissions of major pollutants have been cut by over 12%.Note:

* To be strict with oneself in practicing self-cultivation, using power, and exercising self-discipline;and to be honest in one's thinking, one's work, and one's behavior.三是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施水平全面躍升。鐵路營(yíng)業(yè)里程達(dá)到12.1萬公里，其中高速鐵路超過1.9萬公里，占世界60%以上。高速公路通車?yán)锍坛^12萬公里。南水北調(diào)東、中線工程通水。建成全球最大的第四代移動(dòng)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

Third, across-the-board improvements were made in infrastructure.The length of railways in service reached 121,000 kilometers, of which more than 19,000 kilometers are high-speed rail lines-more than 60% of the world's total.The length of expressways open to traffic exceeded 120,000 kilometers, the eastern and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project were put into operation, and the world's largest 4G mobile network was built in China.四是科技創(chuàng)新實(shí)現(xiàn)重大突破。量子通信、中微子振蕩、高溫鐵基超導(dǎo)等基礎(chǔ)研究取得一批原創(chuàng)性成果，載人航天、探月工程、深海探測(cè)等項(xiàng)目達(dá)到世界先進(jìn)水平。

Fourth, significant breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation.Original achievements were made in quantum communications, neutrino oscillation, and iron-based high-temperature superconductivity through basic research.World-class advances were made in manned spaceflight, the lunar exploration program, and deep-water exploration.五是人民生活水平顯著提高。居民收入增長(zhǎng)快于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，城鄉(xiāng)收入差距持續(xù)縮小。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)人數(shù)超過6400萬人。城鎮(zhèn)保障性安居工程住房建設(shè)4013萬套，上億群眾喜遷新居。農(nóng)村貧困人口減少1億多，解決3億多農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問題。

Fifth, living standards improved significantly.Personal income increased faster than economic growth, and the urban-rural income gap was narrowed.Over 64 million urban jobs were created.Government subsidies were used to build 40.13 million housing units in urban areas, providing new homes for around 100 million people.The number of rural residents living in poverty was cut by more than 100 million, and over 300 million rural residents gained access to safe drinking water.六是社會(huì)發(fā)展成就斐然。教育公平和質(zhì)量明顯提升。基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)全覆蓋，基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保率超過80%。文化軟實(shí)力持續(xù)提升。依法治國全面推進(jìn)。中國特色軍事變革成就顯著。經(jīng)過五年努力，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、科技實(shí)力、國防實(shí)力、國際影響力又上了一個(gè)大臺(tái)階。

Sixth, notable achievements were made in social development.Significant progress was made in ensuring equal access to education, and the quality of education markedly improved.Basic health insurance was expanded to achieve complete coverage, and participation in basic pension plans exceeded 80% of the whole population.China's soft power continued to grow.The rule of law was advanced in all respects.Significant achievements were made in the military revolution with Chinese characteristics.Over the past five years, China's economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, defense capabilities, and international influence have all been strengthened considerably.“十二五”時(shí)期的輝煌成就，充分顯示了中國特色社會(huì)主義的巨大優(yōu)越性，集中展現(xiàn)了中國人民的無窮創(chuàng)造力，極大增強(qiáng)了中華民族的自信心和凝聚力，必將激勵(lì)全國各族人民在實(shí)現(xiàn)“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo)的新征程上奮力前行！

The achievements attained during the period of the 12th Five-Year Plan fully demonstrate the strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the creativity of the Chinese people.The Chinese people can derive great confidence and a strengthened sense of unity from these achievements, drawing on them to forge ahead on this new leg of the journey toward realizing the Two Centenary Goals.*

二、“十三五”時(shí)期主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)和重大舉措

Esteemed Deputies，Let me now brief you on the main targets, tasks, and measures for the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan from 2016 through 2020.根據(jù)《中共中央關(guān)于制定國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃的建議》，國務(wù)院編制了《國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十三個(gè)五年規(guī)劃綱要（草案）》，提交大會(huì)審查。

On the basis of the CPC Central Committee Recommendations for the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development, the State Council has drawn up the draft of the 13th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and submitted it to this session for your review and approval.《綱要草案》緊緊圍繞全面建成小康社會(huì)奮斗目標(biāo)，針對(duì)發(fā)展不平衡、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)等突出問題，強(qiáng)調(diào)要牢固樹立和貫徹落實(shí)創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念，明確了今后五年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要目標(biāo)任務(wù)，提出了一系列支撐發(fā)展的重大政策、重大工程和重大項(xiàng)目，突出了以下六個(gè)方面。

The draft, centering on the goal of finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and designed to address serious issues such as unbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable development, stresses the need to promote innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.It proposes the main targets and tasks for economic and social development over the next five years as well as development policies, initiatives, and projects.The following are the six areas highlighted in the draft.——保持經(jīng)濟(jì)中高速增長(zhǎng)，推動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)邁向中高端水平。實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，到2020年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值和城鄉(xiāng)居民人均收入比2010年翻一番，“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)年均增長(zhǎng)保持在6.5%以上。加快推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，實(shí)施一批技術(shù)水平高、帶動(dòng)能力強(qiáng)的重大工程。到2020年，先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)比重大幅提升，全員勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率從人均8.7萬元提高到12萬元以上。屆時(shí)，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量超過90萬億元，發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和效益明顯提高。在我們這樣一個(gè)人口眾多的發(fā)展中國家，這將是非常了不起的成就。

--We should work to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and promote the development of industries toward the medium-high end.To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and double the 2010 GDP and per capita personal income by 2020, the economy needs to grow at an average annual rate of at least 6.5% during this five-year period.To that end, we will move faster to improve or upgrade the structure of industry and launch initiatives that use advanced technologies and can drive industrial development.Our goal is that by 2020, advanced manufacturing, modern services, and strategic emerging industries as a proportion of GDP will have risen significantly and that per capita labor productivity will have risen from 87,000 yuan to over 120,000 yuan.By that time, China's aggregate economic output should have exceeded 90 trillion yuan, and the quality and efficacy of development should have significantly improved.For a developing country like China with such a large population, this will be a truly remarkable achievement.——強(qiáng)化創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)作用，為發(fā)展注入強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。創(chuàng)新是引領(lǐng)發(fā)展的第一動(dòng)力，必須擺在國家發(fā)展全局的核心位置，深入實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。啟動(dòng)一批新的國家重大科技項(xiàng)目，建設(shè)一批高水平的國家科學(xué)中心和技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中心，培育壯大一批有國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的創(chuàng)新型領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)，建設(shè)一批全面創(chuàng)新改革試驗(yàn)區(qū)。持續(xù)推動(dòng)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新。促進(jìn)大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)廣泛應(yīng)用。加快建設(shè)質(zhì)量強(qiáng)國、制造強(qiáng)國、知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)強(qiáng)國。到2020年，力爭(zhēng)在基礎(chǔ)研究、應(yīng)用研究和戰(zhàn)略前沿領(lǐng)域取得重大突破，全社會(huì)研發(fā)經(jīng)費(fèi)投入強(qiáng)度達(dá)到2.5%，科技進(jìn)步對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到60%，邁進(jìn)創(chuàng)新型國家和人才強(qiáng)國行列。

--We should ensure that innovation better drives and energizes development.Innovation is the primary driving force for development and must occupy a central place in China's development strategy, which is why we must implement a strategy of innovation-driven development.We should launch new national science and technology programs, build first-class national science centers and technological innovation hubs, help develop internationally competitive high-innovation enterprises, and establish pilot reform zones for all-round innovation.We should make consistent efforts to encourage the public to start businesses and make innovations.We should promote the extensive application of big data, cloud computing, and the Internet of Things.We need to move faster to transform China into a manufacturer of advanced and quality products and a country that is strong on intellectual property rights.We should strive to achieve major breakthroughs in basic research, applied research, and research in strategic and frontier fields by 2020.China's investment in research and development is expected to reach 2.5% of GDP, and the contribution of scientific and technological advances toward economic growth should come to reach 60%.Fulfilling these objectives will turn China into an innovative and talent-rich country.——推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化，促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。縮小城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域差距，既是調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的重點(diǎn)，也是釋放發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ年P(guān)鍵。要深入推進(jìn)以人為核心的新型城鎮(zhèn)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)1億左右農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口和其他常住人口在城鎮(zhèn)落戶，完成約1億人居住的棚戶區(qū)和城中村改造，引導(dǎo)約1億人在中西部地區(qū)就近城鎮(zhèn)化。到2020年，常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到60%、戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)到45%。

--We should make progress in new urbanization and agricultural modernization as well as in balancing development between urban and rural areas and between regions.Narrowing the gap between urban and rural areas and between regions is not only a key part of economic structural adjustment;it is also crucial for unleashing developmental potential.We should advance the new, people-centered urbanization.This will mean granting urban residency to around 100 million people with rural household registration living in urban areas and other permanent urban residents, completing the rebuilding of both rundown areas and “villages” in cities involving about 100 million people, and enabling around 100 million rural residents to live in local towns and cities in the central and western regions.By 2020, permanent urban residents should account for 60% of China's population, and 45% of the Chinese people should be registered as permanent urban residents.實(shí)施一批水利、農(nóng)機(jī)、現(xiàn)代種業(yè)等工程，推動(dòng)農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)和區(qū)域化布局、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)、社會(huì)化服務(wù)。到2020年，糧食等主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給和質(zhì)量安全得到更好保障，農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化水平明顯提高，新農(nóng)村建設(shè)取得新成效。

We should launch initiatives to develop water conservancy in agriculture, farming machinery, and the modern seed industry, encourage appropriately scaled-up agricultural operations, and promote regional distribution, standardized production, and commercial agricultural services.By 2020, the supply, quality, and safety of food crops and other major agricultural products should be better ensured, notable headway should have been made in modernizing agriculture, and fresh progress should have been made in developing the new countryside.以區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略為基礎(chǔ)，以“三大戰(zhàn)略”為引領(lǐng)，形成沿海沿江沿線經(jīng)濟(jì)帶為主的縱向橫向經(jīng)濟(jì)軸帶，培育一批輻射帶動(dòng)力強(qiáng)的城市群和增長(zhǎng)極。加強(qiáng)重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，高鐵營(yíng)業(yè)里程達(dá)到3萬公里、覆蓋80%以上的大城市，新建改建高速公路通車?yán)锍碳s3萬公里，實(shí)現(xiàn)城鄉(xiāng)寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)全覆蓋。

Guided by the general strategy for regional development, we should pursue the Three Initiatives to form north-south and east-west intersecting economic belts along the coastline, the Yangtze River, and major transportation routes, and foster new growth poles and city clusters that facilitate the development of surrounding areas.We should also expand major infrastructure projects, with the aim of increasing the length of high-speed railways in service to 30,000 kilometers and linking more than 80% of big cities in China with high-speed railways, building or upgrading around 30,000 kilometers of expressways, and achieving full coverage of access to broadband networks in both urban and rural areas.Note:

* To finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the time the CPC celebrates its centenary in 2021 and to turn the People's Republic of China into a modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, and harmonious by the time it celebrates its centenary in 2049.——推動(dòng)形成綠色生產(chǎn)生活方式，加快改善生態(tài)環(huán)境。堅(jiān)持在發(fā)展中保護(hù)、在保護(hù)中發(fā)展，持續(xù)推進(jìn)生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。深入實(shí)施大氣、水、土壤污染防治行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，劃定生態(tài)空間保護(hù)紅線，推進(jìn)山水林田湖生態(tài)工程，加強(qiáng)生態(tài)保護(hù)和修復(fù)。今后五年，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量分別下降23%、15%、18%，森林覆蓋率達(dá)到23.04%，能源資源開發(fā)利用效率大幅提高，生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善。特別是治理大氣霧霾取得明顯進(jìn)展，地級(jí)及以上城市空氣質(zhì)量?jī)?yōu)良天數(shù)比率超過80%。我們要持之以恒，建設(shè)天藍(lán)、地綠、水清的美麗中國。

--We should encourage green ways of working and living and speed up efforts to conserve ecosystems and the environment.We need to protect the environment while pursuing development and achieve development in a well-protected environment, making sustained efforts to build a sound ecological system.We need to take serious action to prevent and control air, water, and soil pollution, set a red line that the country's total area of ecological spaces should not fall below, move forward with eco-friendly projects to protect and restore mountains, waters, forests, and farmlands, and intensify ecological conservation and restoration efforts.Over the next five years, we should aim to ensure that water consumption, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP are cut by 23%, 15%, and 18%, respectively, and that forest coverage reaches 23.04%.We should also make it our aim, within this timeframe, to develop and use energy and resources much more efficiently and make improvements to the quality of ecosystems and the environment.In particular, we should strive for major progress in the control and prevention of air pollution and see to it that the air quality of cities at and above the prefectural level is good or excellent for 80% of the year.We must work to build, through tireless efforts, a Beautiful China where the sky is blue, the land is green, and the water runs clear.——深化改革開放，構(gòu)建發(fā)展新體制。發(fā)展根本上要靠改革開放。必須全面深化改革，堅(jiān)持和完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，建立現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)權(quán)制度，基本建成法治政府，使市場(chǎng)在資源配置中起決定性作用和更好發(fā)揮政府作用，加快形成引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)的體制機(jī)制和發(fā)展方式。“一帶一路”建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展，國際產(chǎn)能合作實(shí)現(xiàn)新的突破。對(duì)外貿(mào)易向優(yōu)進(jìn)優(yōu)出轉(zhuǎn)變，服務(wù)貿(mào)易比重顯著提升，從貿(mào)易大國邁向貿(mào)易強(qiáng)國。全面實(shí)行準(zhǔn)入前國民待遇加負(fù)面清單管理制度，逐步構(gòu)建高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，基本形成開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)新體制新格局。

--We need to deepen reform and opening up to create new institutions for development.Fundamentally, development relies on reform and opening up.We must deepen reform across the board, uphold and improve the basic economic system, establish a modern system of property rights, and see that a rule of law government is basically in place.It should be ensured that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and the government better plays its role, and work should be accelerated to create the systems, mechanisms, and growth model that will guide the new normal in economic development.We should work for significant progress in pursuing the Belt and Road Initiative and for breakthroughs in our cooperation with other countries on industrial capacity.We should promote the optimization of imports and exports, significantly increase the proportion of trade in services, and promote China's transformation from a trader of quantity to a trader of quality.We should put into force across the board the management system for pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, and progressively build a network of high-standard free trade areas.With these efforts, we should be able to usher in a new phase in building an open economy based on new systems.——持續(xù)增進(jìn)民生福祉，使全體人民共享發(fā)展成果。堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，努力補(bǔ)齊基本民生保障的短板，朝著共同富裕方向穩(wěn)步前進(jìn)。堅(jiān)決打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，我國現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下的農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。

--We need to ensure that continuous progress is made in raising living standards, and see that everyone shares in the fruits of development.Guided by the vision of people-centered development, we need to continue to strengthen points of weakness in meeting basic needs for the people in order to achieve common prosperity.We need to fight hard to win the war against poverty and help lift out of poverty all rural residents falling below the current poverty line, and achieve poverty alleviation in all poor counties and areas.建立國家基本公共服務(wù)項(xiàng)目清單。建立健全更加公平更可持續(xù)的社會(huì)保障制度。實(shí)施義務(wù)教育學(xué)校標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、普及高中階段教育、建設(shè)世界一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科等工程，勞動(dòng)年齡人口平均受教育年限從10.23年提高到10.8年。

We should put in place a national catalogue of basic public services.We should establish more equitable and sustainable social security systems.We need to ensure that all schools providing compulsory education comply with educational standards, that everyone has access to secondary education, that China has more world-class universities and first-class fields of discipline, and that the average number of years of schooling received by the working-age population increases from 10.23 to 10.8 years.實(shí)現(xiàn)城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)5000萬人以上。完善收入分配制度，縮小收入差距，提高中等收入人口比重。完善住房保障體系，城鎮(zhèn)棚戶區(qū)住房改造2000萬套。

We need to create 50 million plus new urban jobs.We need to improve the income distribution system, reduce the income gap, and increase the proportion of the middle-income group in the whole populace.We should improve systems of government housing support, which should include the rebuilding of 20 million housing units in rundown urban areas.推進(jìn)健康中國建設(shè)，人均預(yù)期壽命提高1歲。積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化。構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代公共文化服務(wù)體系，實(shí)施公民道德建設(shè)、中華文化傳承等工程。我們既要讓人民的物質(zhì)生活更殷實(shí)，又要讓人民的精神生活更豐富。

We need to work for progress in building a Healthy China and achieve a one-year increase in average life expectancy.We need to respond proactively to population aging.We should build a modern system of public cultural services and put into effect cultural programs to boost civic morality and keep Chinese culture thriving.These efforts should enable people not only to enjoy a better life in material terms, but also to live a more enriching intellectual and cultural life.做好“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展工作，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，必須著力把握好三點(diǎn)。

To achieve success in our work to promote economic and social development during the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan and finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, we must keep to the following three guidelines:

一是牢牢抓住發(fā)展第一要?jiǎng)?wù)不放松。發(fā)展是硬道理，是解決我國所有問題的關(guān)鍵。今后五年是跨越“中等收入陷阱”的重要階段，各種矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增多。發(fā)展如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退。必須毫不動(dòng)搖堅(jiān)持以經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)為中心，推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展，妥善應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，使中國經(jīng)濟(jì)這艘巨輪破浪遠(yuǎn)航。

First, give top priority to development

Development is of primary importance to China and is the key to solving every problem we face.During the next five years, we must take particular care to avoid falling into the “middle-income trap,” and we need to address an increasing number of problems and risks.Pursuing development is like sailing against the current: you either forge ahead or drift downstream.We must remain committed to economic development as our central task, endeavor to promote sound development, and respond effectively to risks and challenges so as to ensure that China's economy, like a gigantic ship, breaks the waves and goes the distance.二是大力推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革。當(dāng)前發(fā)展中總量問題與結(jié)構(gòu)性問題并存，結(jié)構(gòu)性問題更加突出，要用改革的辦法推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。在適度擴(kuò)大總需求的同時(shí)，突出抓好供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，既做減法，又做加法，減少無效和低端供給，擴(kuò)大有效和中高端供給，增加公共產(chǎn)品和公共服務(wù)供給，使供給和需求協(xié)同促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，提高全要素生產(chǎn)率，不斷解放和發(fā)展社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力。

Second, make major headway in carrying out structural reform

At present, we face problems both with aggregate supply and demand and with our structures.The structural problems are more acute, and reform should be conducted to adjust these structures.While working to achieve an appropriate expansion of aggregate demand, we need to give particular emphasis to structural reform on the supply side, reducing supply in some areas while increasing it in others.This means that we need to reduce ineffective and lower-end supply while increasing effective and medium-and high-end supply, increase the supply of public goods and services, ensure that development is driven by both supply and demand, and improve total-factor productivity.This should enable us to unleash and develop productive forces.三是加快新舊發(fā)展動(dòng)能接續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)換。經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展必然會(huì)有新舊動(dòng)能迭代更替的過程，當(dāng)傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能由強(qiáng)變?nèi)鯐r(shí)，需要新動(dòng)能異軍突起和傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)型，形成新的“雙引擎”，才能推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)、躍上新臺(tái)階。當(dāng)前我國發(fā)展正處于這樣一個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，必須培育壯大新動(dòng)能，加快發(fā)展新經(jīng)濟(jì)。要推動(dòng)新技術(shù)、新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新業(yè)態(tài)加快成長(zhǎng)，以體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，建設(shè)共享平臺(tái)，做大高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)集群，打造動(dòng)力強(qiáng)勁的新引擎。運(yùn)用信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)等現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)、管理和營(yíng)銷模式變革，重塑產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、供應(yīng)鏈、價(jià)值鏈，改造提升傳統(tǒng)動(dòng)能，使之煥發(fā)新的生機(jī)與活力。

Third, accelerate the shift in driving forces for development

In the course of economic development, it is only natural that old drivers of growth are replaced by new ones.As conventional driving forces weaken, it is critical that new driving forces emerge and that the conventional ones undergo a transformation so that new twin engines are formed;only then is it possible to upgrade the economy and achieve sustainable growth.This is the crucial period in which China currently finds itself, and during which we must build up powerful new drivers in order to accelerate the development of the new economy.We need to move faster to develop new technologies, industries, and forms of business, boost the development of a sharing economy through institutional innovations, create sharing platforms, and develop emerging industry clusters such as high-tech and modern service industry clusters, thus creating strong new engines.We will use network-based information technology and other modern technologies to drive changes in models of production, management, and marketing, create new industry chains, supply chains, and value chains, and transform and upgrade conventional drivers, thus injecting them with new vitality.從根本上說，發(fā)展的不竭力量蘊(yùn)藏在人民群眾之中。9億多勞動(dòng)力、1億多受過高等教育和有專業(yè)技能的人才，是我們最大的資源和優(yōu)勢(shì)。實(shí)現(xiàn)新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換，推動(dòng)發(fā)展轉(zhuǎn)向更多依靠人力人才資源和創(chuàng)新，既是一個(gè)伴隨陣痛的調(diào)整過程，也是一個(gè)充滿希望的升級(jí)過程。只要闖過這個(gè)關(guān)口，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)就一定能夠浴火重生、再創(chuàng)輝煌。

Ultimately, it is the people who are the inexhaustible source of power that drives development.A workforce of over 900 million, of whom over 100 million have received higher education or are professionally trained: this is our greatest resource and strength.Obviously, replacing old drivers of growth with new ones and achieving a shift in development toward greater reliance on human resources, human capital, and innovation is a process of painful adjustment.But it is at the same time an upgrading process with great promise.We just have to get through this process, and we can, without question, reinvigorate the economy and ensure its dynamic growth.展望今后五年，我們充滿必勝信心。如期實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)，人民生活將會(huì)更加美好，中國特色社會(huì)主義事業(yè)前景一定會(huì)更加光明！

Looking ahead to the next five years, we are fully confident that we will finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects within the set timeframe, that our people will enjoy better lives, and that there will be an even brighter future for the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.三、2016年重點(diǎn)工作

I now want to discuss the major areas of work for 2016.今年是全面建成小康社會(huì)決勝階段的開局之年，也是推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的攻堅(jiān)之年。

This is the first year of the decisive stage in finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and a crucial year in carrying out structural reform.To ensure that the government's goal for this year is accomplished, we must do the following:

做好政府工作，必須高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆三中、四中、五中全會(huì)精神，以鄧小平理論、“三個(gè)代表”重要思想、科學(xué)發(fā)展觀為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹總書記系列重要講話精神，按照“五位一體”總體布局和“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局，堅(jiān)持改革開放，堅(jiān)持以新發(fā)展理念引領(lǐng)發(fā)展，堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，適應(yīng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展新常態(tài)，實(shí)行宏觀政策要穩(wěn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)政策要準(zhǔn)、微觀政策要活、改革政策要實(shí)、社會(huì)政策要托底的總體思路，把握好穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)與調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間，著力加強(qiáng)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，加快培育新的發(fā)展動(dòng)能，改造提升傳統(tǒng)比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，抓好去產(chǎn)能、去庫存、去杠桿、降成本、補(bǔ)短板，加強(qiáng)民生保障，切實(shí)防控風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“十三五”時(shí)期經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展良好開局。

--hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;

--implement the guiding principles of the 18th National Congress of the CPC and the third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee;

--follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development;

--put into practice the guiding principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping's major policy addresses;

--work in accordance with the overall plan for promoting all-round economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy;*

--continue reform and opening up;

--follow the new vision of development;

--follow the general principle of making progress while working to keep performance stable;

--adapt to the new normal in economic development;

--follow the general guidelines that macro policies should be stable, industrial policies targeted, micro policies flexible, reform policies practical, and that social policies should ensure basic needs;

--maintain a balance between ensuring steady growth and making structural adjustments;

--ensure that the economy operates within an appropriate range;

--strengthen supply-side structural reform;

--accelerate the fostering of new driving forces for development;

--strengthen traditional comparative advantages;

--cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness;

--strengthen basic safeguards for public wellbeing;

--prevent and control risks.今年發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)6.5%－7%，居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3%左右，城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1000萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內(nèi)，進(jìn)出口回穩(wěn)向好，國際收支基本平衡，居民收入增長(zhǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)基本同步。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放繼續(xù)減少。

By working to achieve all of these, we should get off to a good start in economic and social development during the period covered by the 13th Five-Year Plan.The main development targets for 2016 are as follows:

--GDP growth of 6.5% to 7%;

--CPI increase kept at around 3%;

--creation of at least ten million new urban jobs;

--registered urban unemployment rate kept within 4.5%;

--a steady rise in import and export volumes;

--a basic balance in international payments;

--increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth;

--a reduction in energy consumption per unit of GDP of at least 3.4%;

--further reductions in the release of major pollutants.經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)預(yù)期目標(biāo)6.5%－7%，考慮了與全面建成小康社會(huì)目標(biāo)相銜接，考慮了推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的需要，也有利于穩(wěn)定和引導(dǎo)市場(chǎng)預(yù)期。穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)主要是為了保就業(yè)、惠民生，有6.5%－7%的增速就能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)比較充分的就業(yè)。

In setting a projected growth rate of between 6.5% and 7%, we have taken into consideration the need to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and the need to advance structural reform.It will also help guide market expectations and keep them stable.The aim of maintaining stable growth is primarily to ensure employment and promote the people's wellbeing, and a growth rate of between 6.5% and 7% will allow for relatively full employment.綜合分析各方面情況，今年我國發(fā)展面臨的困難更多更大、挑戰(zhàn)更為嚴(yán)峻，我們要做打硬仗的充分準(zhǔn)備。

A comprehensive analysis of all factors shows that China will face more and tougher problems and challenges in its development this year, so we must be fully prepared to fight a difficult battle.從國際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)深度調(diào)整、復(fù)蘇乏力，國際貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)低迷，金融和大宗商品市場(chǎng)波動(dòng)不定，地緣政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升，外部環(huán)境的不穩(wěn)定不確定因素增加，對(duì)我國發(fā)展的影響不可低估。

Internationally, the global economy is experiencing profound changes and struggling to recover;growth in trade is weak;there are fluctuations in the financial and commodity markets;geopolitical risks are rising;and there are increasing instabilities and uncertainties in China's external environment.We should not underestimate the impact all of this will have on China's development.從國內(nèi)看，長(zhǎng)期積累的矛盾和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)一步顯現(xiàn)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速換擋、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整陣痛、新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換相互交織，經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力加大。

Domestically, problems and risks that have been building up over the years are becoming more evident;the change of pace in economic growth, the difficulties associated with structural adjustments, and the transformation of the drivers of growth present interwoven problems;and downward pressure on the economy is growing.但困難和挑戰(zhàn)并不可怕。中國的發(fā)展從來都是在應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)中前進(jìn)的，沒有過不去的坎。經(jīng)過多年的快速發(fā)展，我國物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)雄厚，經(jīng)濟(jì)韌性強(qiáng)、潛力足、回旋余地大，改革開放不斷注入新動(dòng)力，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控積累了豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)。特別是我們有中國共產(chǎn)黨的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和中國特色社會(huì)主義制度，中國人民勤勞智慧。只要我們?nèi)f眾一心，共克時(shí)艱，就一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)全年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展目標(biāo)。

But we will not be daunted by these problems and challenges.China has from the start been developing while responding to challenges;there is no difficulty we cannot get beyond.Thanks to years of rapid development, China has laid a solid material foundation, and its economy is hugely resilient and has enormous potential and ample room for growth.At the same time, reform and opening up has been injecting new impetus into economic growth, and a wealth of experience has been gained in developing new ways of conducting macro regulation.In addition, we have the guidance of the CPC and the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and our people are talented and hardworking.As long as we work together as one to surmount all difficulties, we will definitely achieve the targets for economic and social development in 2016.今年要重點(diǎn)做好八個(gè)方面工作。

This year, we will carry out the following eight tasks:

（一）穩(wěn)定和完善宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行在合理區(qū)間。我們宏觀調(diào)控還有創(chuàng)新手段和政策儲(chǔ)備，既要立足當(dāng)前、有針對(duì)性地出招，頂住經(jīng)濟(jì)下行壓力，又要著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)、留有后手、謀勢(shì)蓄勢(shì)。繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策，創(chuàng)新宏觀調(diào)控方式，加強(qiáng)區(qū)間調(diào)控、定向調(diào)控、相機(jī)調(diào)控，統(tǒng)籌運(yùn)用財(cái)政、貨幣政策和產(chǎn)業(yè)、投資、價(jià)格等政策工具，采取結(jié)構(gòu)性改革尤其是供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革舉措，為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好環(huán)境。

1.Improve and keep stable our macroeconomic policies to ensure that the economy performs within an appropriate range

At present, we still have new instruments for macro regulation and a good reserve of policies at our disposal.On the one hand, we will focus on current realities and take targeted steps to withstand the downward pressure on the economy.On the other hand, we must have our long-term development goals in mind, keep some policy tools as options for later use, strategize our moves, and gather strength.We will continue to implement proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, develop new approaches to macro regulation, strengthen range-based, targeted, and well-timed regulation, use fiscal and monetary policies and industry, investment, and pricing policy tools in a coordinated way, and implement structural reform, particularly supply-side structural reform, so as to create an enabling environment for economic development.積極的財(cái)政政策要加大力度。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字2.18萬億元，比去年增加5600億元，赤字率提高到3%。其中，中央財(cái)政赤字1.4萬億元，地方財(cái)政赤字7800億元。安排地方專項(xiàng)債券4000億元，繼續(xù)發(fā)行地方政府置換債券。我國財(cái)政赤字率和政府負(fù)債率在世界主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體中相對(duì)較低，這樣的安排是必要的、可行的，也是安全的。

--We will pursue a more proactive fiscal policy.The government deficit for 2016 is projected to be 2.18 trillion yuan, an increase of 560 billion yuan over last year, meaning the deficit-to-GDP ratio will rise to 3%.Of the deficit, 1.4 trillion yuan will be carried by the central government, and the remaining 780 billion yuan will be carried by local governments.Special bonds for local governments will total 400 billion yuan, and local government debt-converting bonds will continue to be issued.China's deficit-to-GDP ratio and government debt ratio are lower than those of other major economies;such steps are necessary, feasible, and also safe.適度擴(kuò)大財(cái)政赤字，主要用于減稅降費(fèi)，進(jìn)一步減輕企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。

The moderate increase in government deficit is projected primarily to cover tax and fee reductions for enterprises, a step that will further reduce their burdens.今年將采取三項(xiàng)舉措。一是全面實(shí)施營(yíng)改增，從5月1日起，將試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到建筑業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)業(yè)、金融業(yè)、生活服務(wù)業(yè)，并將所有企業(yè)新增不動(dòng)產(chǎn)所含增值稅納入抵扣范圍，確保所有行業(yè)稅負(fù)只減不增。二是取消違規(guī)設(shè)立的政府性基金，停征和歸并一批政府性基金，擴(kuò)大水利建設(shè)基金等免征范圍。

The following three measures will be adopted this year.First, business tax will be replaced with VAT in all sectors.Starting from May 1st, the scope of work to pilot this measure will be extended to the construction, real estate, financial, and consumer service industries, and VAT deductions will cover all new immovable property of enterprises to ensure that the tax burdens on all industries are reduced.Second, government-managed funds set up without authorization will be abolished;the collection of contributions to certain government-managed funds will be suspended, and some of these funds will be consolidated;and more enterprises will be exempted from contributing to water conservancy construction funds and other government-managed funds.Note:

* To make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform, advance the law-based governance of China, and strengthen Party self-conduct.三是將18項(xiàng)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)的免征范圍，從小微企業(yè)擴(kuò)大到所有企業(yè)和個(gè)人。

Third, exemptions from 18 administrative charges which currently apply only to small and micro businesses will be expanded to include all enterprises and individuals.實(shí)施上述政策，今年將比改革前減輕企業(yè)和個(gè)人負(fù)擔(dān)5000多億元。同時(shí)，適當(dāng)增加必要的財(cái)政支出和政府投資，加大對(duì)民生等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的支持。創(chuàng)新財(cái)政支出方式，優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，該保的一定要保住，該減的一定要減下來。

Through the above policies, the burdens on enterprises and individuals will be cut by more than 500 billion yuan this year.At the same time, we will increase government expenditures and investment as appropriate to work on living standards and other areas in need of strengthening.We will develop new ways for government funds to be spent and improve the government spending mix to ensure that all essential items receive sufficient funding, while non-essential items are cut.加快財(cái)稅體制改革。推進(jìn)中央與地方事權(quán)和支出責(zé)任劃分改革，合理確定增值稅中央和地方分享比例。把適合作為地方收入的稅種下劃給地方，在稅政管理權(quán)限方面給地方適當(dāng)放權(quán)。進(jìn)一步壓縮中央專項(xiàng)轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模，今年一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模增長(zhǎng)12.2%。全面推開資源稅從價(jià)計(jì)征改革。依法實(shí)施稅收征管。建立規(guī)范的地方政府舉債融資機(jī)制，對(duì)財(cái)政實(shí)力強(qiáng)、債務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低的，按法定程序適當(dāng)增加債務(wù)限額。各級(jí)政府要堅(jiān)持過緊日子，把每一筆錢都花在明處、用在實(shí)處。

Fiscal and tax reforms will be stepped up.We will move forward with the reform of the way powers and expenditure responsibilities are shared between the central and local governments, ensuring that the proportion of VAT revenue received by the central and local governments is determined appropriately.Taxes suitable as sources of local government revenue will be handed over to local governments along with the corresponding administrative powers.Central government special transfer payments to local governments will be further reduced, while this year's general transfer payments will be increased by 12.2%.We will extend ad valorem rates to all resource taxes.We will promote the law-based administration of tax collection.We will establish a well-regulated mechanism for local governments to secure financing through bond issuance and make moderate upward adjustments to debt ceilings for local governments with strong financial resources and low debt risks through statutory procedures.Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and spend every sum of money where it can be seen and where it's most needed.穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策要靈活適度。今年廣義貨幣M2預(yù)期增長(zhǎng)13%左右，社會(huì)融資規(guī)模余額增長(zhǎng)13%左右。要統(tǒng)籌運(yùn)用公開市場(chǎng)操作、利率、準(zhǔn)備金率、再貸款等各類貨幣政策工具，保持流動(dòng)性合理充裕，疏通傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制，降低融資成本，加強(qiáng)對(duì)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)特別是小微企業(yè)、“三農(nóng)”等支持。

--We will pursue prudent monetary policy that is flexible and appropriate.Both the M2 money supply and aggregate financing in the economy are forecasted to grow by around 13% in 2016.We will use a full range of monetary policy tools including open market operations, interest rates, required reserve ratios, and re-lending to maintain sufficient liquidity at a proper level, improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy, and reduce financing costs.We will provide more support for the real economy, particularly for small and micro businesses as well as agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.深化金融體制改革。加快改革完善現(xiàn)代金融監(jiān)管體制，提高金融服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)效率，實(shí)現(xiàn)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管全覆蓋。深化利率市場(chǎng)化改革。繼續(xù)完善人民幣匯率市場(chǎng)化形成機(jī)制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上基本穩(wěn)定。深化國有商業(yè)銀行和開發(fā)性、政策性金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革，發(fā)展民營(yíng)銀行，啟動(dòng)投貸聯(lián)動(dòng)試點(diǎn)。推進(jìn)股票、債券市場(chǎng)改革和法治化建設(shè)，促進(jìn)多層次資本市場(chǎng)健康發(fā)展，提高直接融資比重。適時(shí)啟動(dòng)“深港通”。建立巨災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)制度。規(guī)范發(fā)展互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融。大力發(fā)展普惠金融和綠色金融。加強(qiáng)全口徑外債宏觀審慎管理。扎緊制度籠子，整頓規(guī)范金融秩序，嚴(yán)厲打擊金融詐騙、非法集資和證券期貨領(lǐng)域的違法犯罪活動(dòng)，堅(jiān)決守住不發(fā)生系統(tǒng)性區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的底線。

We will deepen reform of the financial sector.We will move faster in the reform to improve the modern financial regulatory system and ensure that the financial sector serves the real economy more efficiently and that regulation covers all financial risks.Interest rates will be further liberalized.Improvements will be made to the market-based mechanism for setting the RMB exchange rate to ensure it remains generally stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will deepen reform of state-owned commercial banks as well as development and policy-backed financial institutions, develop private banks, and launch trials to allow commercial banks to participate in combined debt-equity investments into startups and small businesses.We will move forward with the reform of stock and bond markets and increase the level of rule of law in their development, promote the sound development of the multilevel capital market, and ensure that the proportion of direct financing is increased.The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Stock Connect will be launched at an appropriate time.A catastrophe insurance system will be established.We will work to see that Internet finance develops in line with regulations, and we will make a major push to develop inclusive and green finance.We will strengthen unified, macroprudential management of foreign debt.We will tighten institutional constraints, safeguard order in the financial sector, crack down on financial fraud, illegal fundraising, and unlawful and criminal activities in the securities and futures markets, and make sure that no systemic or regional financial risks arise.（二）加強(qiáng)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，增強(qiáng)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)力。圍繞解決重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域的突出矛盾和問題，加快破除體制機(jī)制障礙，以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革提高供給體系的質(zhì)量和效率，進(jìn)一步激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力和社會(huì)創(chuàng)造力。

2.Strengthen supply-side structural reform to drive sustained growth

To solve acute problems in key areas, we must work faster to remove institutional obstacles and carry out supply-side structural reform to improve the quality and efficiency of the supply system, and further stimulate market vitality and the creativity of society.推動(dòng)簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)改革向縱深發(fā)展。以敬民之心，行簡(jiǎn)政之道，切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能、提高效能。繼續(xù)大力削減行政審批事項(xiàng)，注重解決放權(quán)不同步、不協(xié)調(diào)、不到位問題，對(duì)下放的審批事項(xiàng)，要讓地方能接得住、管得好。深化商事制度改革，開展證照分離試點(diǎn)。

--We will deepen reforms to streamline administration, delegate more powers, improve regulation, and provide better services.With the people in mind, we will streamline administration, transform the functions of the government, and improve its performance.As we continue to cancel the requirement of government review for more matters, we will focus on addressing unsynchronized, uncoordinated, and incomplete delegation of powers and make sure that local governments to which powers of review have been delegated are able to properly exercise those powers.We will deepen reform of the business system and launch trials to separate operating permits and business licenses.全面公布地方政府權(quán)力和責(zé)任清單，在部分地區(qū)試行市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單制度。對(duì)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)、政府定價(jià)或指導(dǎo)價(jià)經(jīng)營(yíng)服務(wù)性收費(fèi)、政府性基金、國家職業(yè)資格，實(shí)行目錄清單管理。加快建設(shè)統(tǒng)一開放、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有序的市場(chǎng)體系，打破地方保護(hù)。深化價(jià)格改革，加強(qiáng)價(jià)格監(jiān)管。

We will release the lists of all powers and responsibilities of local governments, and begin piloting a negative list for market access in some regions.We will draw up lists and catalogues to manage administrative charges, business fees and charges set by the government or set under its guidance, government-managed funds, and professional qualifications recognized by the state.We will move faster to establish a unified, open, competitive, and orderly market system, and put an end to local protectionism.We will deepen pricing reform and tighten up supervision of prices.修改和廢止有礙發(fā)展的行政法規(guī)和規(guī)范性文件。創(chuàng)新事中事后監(jiān)管方式，全面推行“雙隨機(jī)、一公開”監(jiān)管，隨機(jī)抽取檢查對(duì)象，隨機(jī)選派執(zhí)法檢查人員，及時(shí)公布查處結(jié)果。推進(jìn)綜合行政執(zhí)法改革，實(shí)施企業(yè)信用信息統(tǒng)一歸集、依法公示、聯(lián)合懲戒、社會(huì)監(jiān)督。

We will revise or abolish any administrative regulations and normative documents that are holding back development.We will develop new ways of conducting oversight over the whole process of business operations, and introduce across the board an oversight model drawing on random inspections by randomly selected law enforcement officers or inspectors and requiring the prompt release of results.We will implement the reform for coordinated administrative law enforcement and adopt a unified approach to gathering information on enterprise credit, release such information in accordance with the law, ensure joint punitive action is taken where necessary, and encourage public oversight.大力推行“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+政務(wù)服務(wù)”，實(shí)現(xiàn)部門間數(shù)據(jù)共享，讓居民和企業(yè)少跑腿、好辦事、不添堵。簡(jiǎn)除煩苛，禁察非法，使人民群眾有更平等的機(jī)會(huì)和更大的創(chuàng)造空間。

We will carry out the “Internet Plus government services” model and promote better information sharing between government departments, so that the public and businesses need to make fewer visits to government departments to get things done, find procedures simpler, and find the service satisfactory.We will cut red tape and root out illegalities to ensure that the people have more equal opportunities and greater space for creativity.充分釋放全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新潛能。著力實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)深度融合，提高實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)的整體素質(zhì)和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。

--We will ensure that the whole country's potential for starting businesses and making innovations is released.We will implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, see that science and technology become more deeply embedded in the economy, and improve the overall quality and competitiveness of the real economy.一是強(qiáng)化企業(yè)創(chuàng)新主體地位。落實(shí)企業(yè)研發(fā)費(fèi)用加計(jì)扣除和加速折舊政策，完善高新技術(shù)企業(yè)、科技企業(yè)孵化器等稅收優(yōu)惠政策。支持行業(yè)領(lǐng)軍企業(yè)建設(shè)高水平研發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)。加快將國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)試點(diǎn)政策推廣到全國，再建設(shè)一批國家自主創(chuàng)新示范區(qū)、高新區(qū)。

First, we will ensure that enterprises lead in making innovations.We will implement additional tax deductions for their research and development, accelerate the depreciation of their fixed assets, and increase tax policy support for high-tech enterprises and science and technology business incubators.We will support leading enterprises in building top-level research and development institutions.We will move faster to achieve nationwide implementation of the policy of national innovation demonstration zones, and establish another set of national innovation demonstration zones and high-tech development zones.二是發(fā)揮大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新和“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”集眾智匯眾力的乘數(shù)效應(yīng)。打造眾創(chuàng)、眾包、眾扶、眾籌平臺(tái)，構(gòu)建大中小企業(yè)、高校、科研機(jī)構(gòu)、創(chuàng)客多方協(xié)同的新型創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新機(jī)制。建設(shè)一批“雙創(chuàng)”示范基地，培育創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新服務(wù)業(yè)，規(guī)范發(fā)展天使、創(chuàng)業(yè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)等投資。支持分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，提高資源利用效率，讓更多人參與進(jìn)來、富裕起來。實(shí)施更積極、更開放、更有效的人才引進(jìn)政策。加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)和運(yùn)用，依法嚴(yán)厲打擊侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和制假售假行為。

Second, we will help people to pool their ideas and talents through a synergy of business startups, innovation, and the Internet Plus.Platforms will be created for crowd innovation, crowd support, crowdsourcing, and crowdfunding, and mechanisms will be built to encourage new types of business startups and innovation-making through cooperation between enterprises, institutions of higher learning, research institutes, and makers.We will establish demonstration centers for business startups and innovation, foster a business startup and innovation service industry, and ensure angel investment, venture capital, industrial investment, and other investment develop in accordance with regulations.We will give our support to the development of a sharing economy and see that resources are used more efficiently and that more people take part and benefit.We will adopt more active, open, and effective policies to attract talent from overseas.We will strengthen the protection and use of intellectual property rights and look to the law to crack down on the infringement of these rights and on the production and sale of counterfeit products.三是深化科技管理體制改革。擴(kuò)大高校和科研院所自主權(quán)，砍掉科研管理中的繁文縟節(jié)。實(shí)施支持科技成果轉(zhuǎn)移轉(zhuǎn)化的政策措施，完善股權(quán)期權(quán)稅收優(yōu)惠政策和分紅獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)辦法，鼓勵(lì)科研人員創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新。大力弘揚(yáng)創(chuàng)新文化，厚植創(chuàng)新沃土，營(yíng)造敢為人先、寬容失敗的良好氛圍，充分激發(fā)企業(yè)家精神，調(diào)動(dòng)全社會(huì)創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新積極性，匯聚成推動(dòng)發(fā)展的磅礴力量。

Third, we will deepen the reform of the management system for science and technology.Greater autonomy will be given to universities and research institutes, and red tape will be cut in the management of research projects.Policies and measures will be implemented to support the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, and tax incentives for stocks and options, and profit sharing and bonus plans will be improved to encourage researchers to start businesses and make innovations.We will foster a culture of innovation and create an enabling environment for innovation in which people venture to break new ground and failure is tolerated.I am sure that these initiatives will inspire entrepreneurialism and motivate our society to start businesses and make innovations, and thus create a powerful force to drive development.著力化解過剩產(chǎn)能和降本增效。重點(diǎn)抓好鋼鐵、煤炭等困難行業(yè)去產(chǎn)能，堅(jiān)持市場(chǎng)倒逼、企業(yè)主體、地方組織、中央支持，運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律、技術(shù)、環(huán)保、質(zhì)量、安全等手段，嚴(yán)格控制新增產(chǎn)能，堅(jiān)決淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，有序退出過剩產(chǎn)能。采取兼并重組、債務(wù)重組或破產(chǎn)清算等措施，積極穩(wěn)妥處置“僵尸企業(yè)”。完善財(cái)政、金融等支持政策，中央財(cái)政安排1000億元專項(xiàng)獎(jiǎng)補(bǔ)資金，重點(diǎn)用于職工分流安置。采取綜合措施，降低企業(yè)交易、物流、財(cái)務(wù)、用能等成本，堅(jiān)決遏制涉企亂收費(fèi)，對(duì)違規(guī)行為要嚴(yán)肅查處。

--We will ensure that overcapacity is cut, costs are lowered, and business performance is improved.We will focus on addressing the overcapacity in the steel, coal, and other industries facing difficulties.In this process, the market should serve as a check, enterprises should be the major actors, local governments should play a coordinating role, and the central government should provide support.We will use economic, legal, technological, environmental, quality inspection, and safety-related means to strictly control the expansion of production capacity, shut down outdated production facilities, and eliminate overcapacity in a planned way.We will address the issue of “zombie enterprises” proactively yet prudently by using measures such as mergers, reorganizations, debt restructurings, and bankruptcy liquidations.Fiscal, financial, and other policies will be improved to support this work.One hundred billion yuan in rewards and subsidies will be provided by the central government, which will be mainly used to resettle employees laid off from these enterprises.We will take a full range of measures to reduce the transaction, logistics, financial, and energy consumption costs of enterprises, and work to put a stop to the collection of arbitrary and unwarranted fees from enterprises and be strict about investigating and punishing violations of regulations.努力改善產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)供給。突出抓好三個(gè)方面。

We will concentrate our efforts on the following three areas:

一是提升消費(fèi)品品質(zhì)。加快質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)接軌，建立商品質(zhì)量懲罰性賠償制度。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)開展個(gè)性化定制、柔性化生產(chǎn)，培育精益求精的工匠精神，增品種、提品質(zhì)、創(chuàng)品牌。

--We will work to ensure the supply of goods and services is improved.First, we will see that the quality of consumer goods is improved.We will move faster to bring domestic quality and safety standards in line with international standards, and

第三篇：2009年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT

政府工作報(bào)告

Delivered at the Second Session of the Eleventh National People's Congress on March 5, 2009

——２００９年３月５日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第二次會(huì)議上

Wen Jiabao

溫家寶

Premier of the State Council

國務(wù)院總理

Fellow Deputies，各位代表：

On behalf of the State Council, I now present to you my report on the work of the government for your deliberation and approval.I also solicit comments and suggestions on the report from the members of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會(huì)作政府工作報(bào)告，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。

I.Review of the Work in 2008

一、２００８年工作回顧

The year 2008 was truly eventful.Our country's economic and social development withstood severe challenges and tests that were rarely seen before.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), the people of all our ethnic groups faced difficulties squarely, worked with courage and determination, surmounted all difficulties and obstacles, and made new achievements in reform, opening up and socialist modernization.２００８年是極不平凡的一年。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展經(jīng)受住了歷史罕見的重大挑戰(zhàn)和考驗(yàn)。在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國各族人民迎難而上，奮力拼搏，戰(zhàn)勝各種艱難險(xiǎn)阻，改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的重大成就。

-The national economy continued to maintain steady and rapid growth.GDP 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)topped 30 trillion yuan, an increase of 9% over the previous year.Overall price rises were held in check.Government revenue was 6.13 trillion yuan, an increase of 19.5%.Grain output rose for the fifth consecutive year and totaled 528.5 million tons, a record high.——國民經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)保持平穩(wěn)較快增長(zhǎng)。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值超過３０萬億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)９％；物價(jià)總水平漲幅得到控制；財(cái)政收入６．１３萬億元，增長(zhǎng)１９．５％；糧食連續(xù)五年增產(chǎn)，總產(chǎn)量５２８５０萬噸，創(chuàng)歷史最高水平。

-Reform and opening up were further deepened.New breakthroughs were made in reforms in key areas and crucial links, such as the fiscal, taxation, financial and pricing systems and administration.Imports and exports totaled US$ 2.56 trillion, an increase of 17.8%.Paid-in foreign direct investment reached $92.4billion.——改革開放深入推進(jìn)。財(cái)稅、金融、價(jià)格、行政管理等重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)的改革取得新突破。進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易總額２．５６萬億美元，增長(zhǎng)１７．８％。實(shí)際利用外商直接投資９２４億美元。

-Development of social programs was accelerated, and the living standards of the people continued to rise.A total of 11.13 million more urban residents entered the workforce.Urban per capita annual disposable income reached 15,781 yuan, an increase of 8.4% in real terms, and rural per capita net income reached 4,761 yuan, up by 8% in real terms.——社會(huì)事業(yè)加快發(fā)展，人民生活進(jìn)一步改善。城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)１１１３萬人；城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入１５７８１元，農(nóng)村居民人均純收入４７６１元，實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)８．４％和８％。

-Great victories were won in the fight against massive natural disasters.The Beijing Olympics and Paralympics were held successfully, and the Shenzhou VII manned space mission was a complete success.——全面奪取抗擊特大自然災(zāi)害的重大勝利。成功舉辦北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)。圓滿完成神舟七號(hào)載人航天飛行。

These achievements signify that we have taken new and solid steps along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.They have greatly fortified the courage and strength of the people of all our ethnic groups to surmount difficulties and will definitely encourage us to bravely forge ahead on the new historical course.這些成就，標(biāo)志著我們?cè)谥袊厣鐣?huì)主義道路上邁出新的堅(jiān)實(shí)步伐，極大地增強(qiáng)了全國各族人民戰(zhàn)勝困難的勇氣和力量，必將激勵(lì)我們?cè)谛碌臍v史征程上繼續(xù)奮勇前進(jìn)。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)Last year, we accomplished the following important work: 一年來，我們做了以下主要工作：

1.Making timely and resolute adjustments to macroeconomic policies and doing everything possible to maintain steady and rapid economic development

（一）及時(shí)果斷調(diào)整宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策，全力保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

We maintained the right direction, focus, intensity and pace of macro control, and adopted a series of policies and measures to promote steady and rapid economic development.In a complex and volatile situation, we actively responded to the severe impact of the global financial crisis and worked hard to make our macro control more proactive, targeted and effective.In the middle of the year, when energy and grain prices on the international market were high, world economic growth slowed, and exports from and economic growth in China's coastal regions began to decline, we promptly shifted the priority of macro control to maintaining steady and rapid economic development and controlling price hikes, and adopted relevant fiscal, taxation and financial measures.In September, the international economic situation started to deteriorate sharply and its negative impact became increasingly felt in China.We again resolutely shifted the focus of macro control to preventing economic growth from slowing down too quickly.We implemented a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We raised export rebate rates three times, lowered the benchmark interest rates on savings and loans for financial institutions on five occasions, reduced required reserve ratios four times, suspended the individual income tax on interest earnings from savings, reduced securities transaction stamp tax rates, cut taxes and fees on housing transactions, and increased credit support to small and medium-sized enterprises.In accordance with the requirement that we act fast, be forceful, take targeted measures and stress implementation, we promptly introduced ten measures to further boost domestic demand and promote economic growth, and implemented them without delay.We adopted a succession of policies and measures to encourage financial institutions to support economic development, promote sound development of the textile and other light industries and the real estate market, expand consumption by improving distribution, maintain steady growth in foreign trade, and keep the employment situation stable.At the same time, we stepped up efforts to formulate plans for restructuring and revitalizing key industries.Together, these measures have played a crucial role in alleviating serious problems affecting economic performance, enhancing confidence, stabilizing expectations and maintaining steady and rapid economic development.我們正確把握宏觀調(diào)控的方向、重點(diǎn)、力度和節(jié)奏，采取一系列促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的政策措施，在復(fù)雜多變的形勢(shì)下，積極應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重沖擊，努力增強(qiáng)調(diào)控的預(yù)見性、針對(duì)性和有效性。年中，在國際能源和糧食價(jià)格處于高位、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)放緩的情況下，針對(duì)沿海地區(qū)出現(xiàn)出口和經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑苗頭，及時(shí)把宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)調(diào)整為“保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，控制物價(jià)過快上 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)漲”，并采取了一些有針對(duì)性的財(cái)稅金融措施。９月份后，國際經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)急轉(zhuǎn)直下，對(duì)我國的不利影響明顯加重，我們又果斷地把宏觀調(diào)控的著力點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)到防止經(jīng)濟(jì)增速過快下滑上來，實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，三次提高出口退稅率，五次下調(diào)金融機(jī)構(gòu)存貸款基準(zhǔn)利率，四次下調(diào)存款準(zhǔn)備金率，暫免儲(chǔ)蓄存款利息個(gè)人所得稅，下調(diào)證券交易印花稅，降低住房交易稅費(fèi)，加大對(duì)中小企業(yè)信貸支持。按照出手要快、出拳要重、措施要準(zhǔn)、工作要實(shí)的要求，迅速推出進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的十項(xiàng)措施，爭(zhēng)分奪秒地加以落實(shí)；接連出臺(tái)金融支持經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)輕紡工業(yè)健康發(fā)展、促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)健康發(fā)展、搞活流通擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)和保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)、穩(wěn)定就業(yè)等政策措施，加快制定重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃。這些措施對(duì)緩解經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的突出矛盾、增強(qiáng)信心、穩(wěn)定預(yù)期、保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用。

We continued to strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers without any letup.Central government budgetary spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers was 595.5 billion yuan for the whole year, a year-on-year increase of 163.7 billion yuan or 37.9%.This included 103 billion yuan, twice the figure for the previous year, in direct subsidies to grain producers, general subsidies for agricultural production supplies, and subsidies for superior crop varieties and the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools.We significantly raised minimum grain purchase prices three times, with the total increase exceeding 20%.We implemented a temporary policy for purchasing and stockpiling major agricultural products.We intensified the protection of arable land and the construction of agricultural water conservancy projects, and increased overall agricultural production capacity.We supported the production of hogs, oilseeds and dairy products.These policies and measures played an important role in maintaining and stimulating the enthusiasm of farmers, ensuring the supply of major farm products and increasing rural incomes, and provided strong support for maintaining overall stability in economic and social development.毫不放松地加強(qiáng)“三農(nóng)”工作。全年中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的投入５９５５億元，比上年增加１６３７億元，增長(zhǎng)３７．９％，其中糧食直補(bǔ)、農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼、良種補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼資金達(dá)１０３０億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)一倍。三次較大幅度提高糧食最低收購價(jià)，提價(jià)幅度超過２０％。實(shí)施主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)政策。加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)和農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)，提高農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力。扶持生豬、油料、奶業(yè)發(fā)展。這些政策措施在保護(hù)和調(diào)動(dòng)農(nóng)民積極性、保障重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給、增加農(nóng)民收入方面發(fā)揮了重要作用，為穩(wěn)定經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展全局提供了有力支撐。

We unswervingly promoted independent innovation and economic restructuring.We launched 16 major national science and technology projects, and established a number of new national engineering centers, key laboratories and enterprise technology centers in such fields as information technology, biotechnology and environmental protection.We successfully developed a number of key technologies and major equipment in the areas of regional aircraft, automobiles powered by new energy sources and high-speed railways.The central government invested 116.3 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)billion yuan in science and technology, an increase of 16.4%.Significant steps were taken in reorganization of the telecommunications and civil aviation industries.We continued to eliminate backward production facilities.Last year, we shut down small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 16.69 million kilowatts and closed 1,054 small coalmines.Investment in infrastructure and basic industries was increased, and a number of major projects in energy, transportation and water conservancy were completed or launched.Steady progress was made in implementing the master strategy for regional development, and economic development in different regions became better coordinated.堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。實(shí)施１６個(gè)國家重大科技專項(xiàng)。在信息、生物、環(huán)保等領(lǐng)域新建一批國家工程中心、重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室和企業(yè)技術(shù)中心。成功研發(fā)支線飛機(jī)、新能源汽車、高速鐵路等一批關(guān)鍵技術(shù)和重大裝備。中央財(cái)政科技投入１１６３億元，增長(zhǎng)１６．４％。電信、航空等行業(yè)重組邁出重要步伐。繼續(xù)淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，全年關(guān)停小火電１６６９萬千瓦，關(guān)閉小煤礦１０５４處。加大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)投資力度，在能源、交通、水利等方面建成和開工一批重大項(xiàng)目。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性增強(qiáng)。

We steadfastly promoted energy conservation, emissions reduction and ecological and environmental protection.The central government allocated 42.3 billion yuan to support development of ten key energy conservation projects and environmental protection facilities.The daily sewage treatment capacity rose by an additional 11.49 million tons in urban areas, and desulfurization equipment was installed in coal-fired power plants with a total capacity of 97.12 million kilowatts.Energy consumption per unit of GDP fell by 4.59% from the previous year;chemical oxygen demand fell by 4.42%;and sulfur dioxide emissions fell by 5.95%.For the past three years combined, total energy consumption per unit of GDP dropped by 10.08%;chemical oxygen demand dropped by 6.61%;and sulfur dioxide emissions dropped by 8.95%.We built on the achievements in returning farmland to forests and restoring livestock pastures to grasslands, and carried out ecological conservation projects such as protecting virgin forests and developing the Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai Province.We implemented the plan to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys and regions and issued the white paper China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change.堅(jiān)持不懈地推動(dòng)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)。中央財(cái)政安排４２３億元資金，支持十大重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程和環(huán)保設(shè)施等項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。全國新增城市污水日處理能力１１４９萬噸，新增燃煤脫硫機(jī)組容量９７１２萬千瓦。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗比上年下降４．５９％，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別減少４．４２％和５．９５％。近三年累計(jì)，單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降１０．０８％，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別減少６．６１％和８．９５％。鞏固退耕還林還草成果，推進(jìn)天然林、青海三江源等生態(tài)保護(hù)和建設(shè)工程。實(shí)施重點(diǎn)流域、區(qū)域水污染防治規(guī)劃。發(fā)布了《中國應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的政策與行動(dòng)》白皮書。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

2.Balancing economic and social development and strengthening all aspects of social development with the focus on improving people's lives

（二）統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，全面加強(qiáng)以改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)

Efforts were intensified to increase employment and improve the social safety net.We improved our policy to stimulate and expand employment by encouraging business startups, and enforced the minimum wage system.The coverage of all social security schemes continued to expand, with 17.53 million more urban workers subscribing to basic old-age insurance, 20.28 million more subscribing to basic medical insurance, and the unemployment, workers' compensation and maternity insurance steadily expanding to cover more workers.Pensions of enterprise retirees rose by 110 yuan per month per person.We launched trials to reform the basic old-age insurance system for employees of government-affiliated institutions.We actively explored ways to establish a new system of old-age insurance for rural residents and made steady progress in making social security available to rural migrant workers in urban areas and farmers whose land has been expropriated.We comprehensively improved the system of cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents, and provided allowances to 66.19 million residents.We raised living allowances for low-income groups and university students in a timely fashion.Preferential treatment enjoyed by key entitled groups was increased substantially.We intensified efforts to develop low-income housing and renovate shantytowns, thus alleviating some of the housing difficulties of the low-income population.An additional of more than 48 million rural people gained access to safe drinking water.就業(yè)和社會(huì)保障工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。完善促進(jìn)就業(yè)、以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)的政策，落實(shí)最低工資制度。各項(xiàng)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保人數(shù)分別增加１７５３萬和２０２８萬，失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險(xiǎn)參保人數(shù)繼續(xù)增加。企業(yè)退休人員養(yǎng)老金人均每月新增１１０元。啟動(dòng)事業(yè)單位基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革試點(diǎn)。積極探索建立新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度，農(nóng)民工、被征地農(nóng)民社會(huì)保障工作穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。全面加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度建設(shè)，救助人數(shù)達(dá)到６６１９萬人。及時(shí)增加對(duì)低收入群體和大學(xué)生的生活補(bǔ)貼。大幅度提高重點(diǎn)優(yōu)撫對(duì)象的撫恤優(yōu)待標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。加大保障性住房建設(shè)和棚戶區(qū)改造力度，低收入群眾住房困難問題得到一定程度緩解。解決４８００多萬農(nóng)村人口的飲水安全問題。

Further progress was made in promoting fair education for all.Free compulsory education became available to all students, urban or rural, throughout the country, and all rural students receiving compulsory education obtained free textbooks.The standards for repairing and renovating school buildings in the central and western regions were raised, and the government allocated 3.25 billion yuan to provide heating to rural primary and secondary schools in the north.Development of vocational education was accelerated.The national financial aid system for students 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)was further improved.The central government spent 22.3 billion yuan and local governments increased funding as well to assist more than 20 million students.Grants of 1,500 yuan per student per annum were given to secondary vocational school students from rural areas or needy urban families, benefiting 90% of the current student population in these vocational schools.促進(jìn)教育公平取得新進(jìn)展。全面實(shí)行城鄉(xiāng)免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育，對(duì)所有農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生免費(fèi)提供教科書。提高中西部地區(qū)校舍維修標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，國家財(cái)政安排３２．５億元幫助解決北方農(nóng)村中小學(xué)取暖問題。職業(yè)教育加快發(fā)展。國家助學(xué)制度進(jìn)一步完善，中央財(cái)政投入２２３億元，地方財(cái)政也加大投入，資助學(xué)生超過２０００萬人；向中等職業(yè)學(xué)校中來自城市經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭和農(nóng)村的學(xué)生提供助學(xué)金，每人每年１５００元，惠及９０％的在校生。

Steady progress was made in reform and development of the pharmaceutical and health care system.A total of 814 million people, accounting for 91.5% of the rural population, now benefit from the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.The number of selected cities participating in trials of the basic medical insurance system for urban residents increased from 88 to 317, and the number of participating individuals increased by 73.59 million to 117 million.Significant progress was made in developing a system of community-based health services in urban areas.We continued to expand the coverage of the reward and assistance system for rural families complying with family planning regulations, and implemented the “l(fā)ower birthrate equals faster prosperity” program in more places in the countryside.醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。參加新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療的人口８．１４億，參合率９１．５％。城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)城市由上年的８８?jìng)€(gè)增加到３１７個(gè)，參保人數(shù)增加７３５９萬，總計(jì)達(dá)到１．１７億。城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系建設(shè)取得重大進(jìn)展。農(nóng)村計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助制度和少生快富工程實(shí)施范圍繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大。

We accelerated the development of culture and sports.Public cultural infrastructure facilities were improved, the cultural industries developed rapidly, and reform of the cultural management system was constantly deepened.We mobilized all resources and hosted a distinctive and high-level Beijing Olympicsand Paralympics, thus fulfilling the century-old dream of the Chinese nation, and Chinese athletes competed hard and brave and scored excellent achievements in the Games.This greatly aroused the patriotism of all our people and strengthened the cohesiveness of our nation.文化體育事業(yè)加快發(fā)展。公共文化基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)得到加強(qiáng)，文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展，文化體制改革不斷深化。全力舉辦了有特色、高水平的北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了中華民族的百年夢(mèng)想；中國運(yùn)動(dòng)員頑強(qiáng)拼搏，取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)，這極大地激發(fā)了全國人民的愛國熱情，增強(qiáng)了民族凝聚力。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)We continued to strengthen democracy and the legal system.The system of local-level democracy was further improved.Significant progress was made in enhancing law-based government.Last year, the State Council submitted eight bills, including a draft of the Social Insurance Law and draft amendments to the Law on Protecting Against and Mitigating Earthquake Disasters, to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation.It also formulated or revised 30 administrative laws and regulations.The Regulations on Making Government Information Public was fully implemented.The public security system for crime prevention and control was strengthened.We battled against secessionist and terrorist activities, protected China's national security and maintained social stability.Our work related to ethnic minority, religious and overseas Chinese affairs further improved.民主法制建設(shè)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)。基層民主制度進(jìn)一步健全。依法行政深入推進(jìn)。國務(wù)院提請(qǐng)全國人大常委會(huì)審議了社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)法、防震減災(zāi)法等８件法律議案，制定或修訂了３０件行政法規(guī)。全面實(shí)施政府信息公開條例。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安防控體系建設(shè)，開展反分裂、反恐怖斗爭(zhēng)，維護(hù)了國家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。民族、宗教、僑務(wù)工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。

3.Vigorously advancing reform and opening up and injecting fresh vitality and impetus into economic and social development

（三）積極推進(jìn)改革開放，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展注入新的活力和動(dòng)力

Institutional restructuring of the State Council was basically completed and that of local governments is progressing steadily.Comprehensive rural reforms continued to deepen, and reform of collective forest rights was instituted throughout the country.SOE reform was deepened.The transformation of the Agricultural Bank of China and China Development Bank into joint stock companies proceeded smoothly.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax went into effect, and real estate taxes were unified for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises and Chinese and foreign individuals.After years of deliberation, reform in pricing, taxes and fees for refined petroleum products was smoothly introduced.Aplan for reform of the pharmaceutical and health care system was devised and referred to the general public for comments.These innovations in systems and mechanisms have laid a solid foundation for our long-term development.國務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革基本完成，地方機(jī)構(gòu)改革穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。農(nóng)村綜合改革繼續(xù)深化，集體林權(quán)制度改革全面推開。國有企業(yè)改革不斷深化。中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行和國家開發(fā)銀行股份制改革順利進(jìn)行。實(shí)施新的企業(yè)所得稅法，統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)和個(gè)人房地產(chǎn)稅收制度。醞釀多年的成品油價(jià)格和稅費(fèi)改革順利推出。制定醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革方案并公開征求意見。體制機(jī)制創(chuàng)新為長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)The country opened wider to the outside world.We vigorously implemented the strategy of competing on quality and diversifying export markets.We increased efforts to establish innovation bases to invigorate trade through science and technology and bases for providing services outsourced from other countries.We supported the export of products with Chinese trademarks and intellectual property rights.We improved the policy system for the processing trade.We steadily opened service industries wider to the outside world and provided more guidance to orient foreign investment in China.We integrated existing funds and set up new ones designed to promote external economic and technological cooperation.We promulgated regulations on managing overseas contracted projects and rectified the system of administration of cooperative overseas labor services.We actively promoted energy and resources cooperation overseas, further expanded our assistances to other countries, and the pace of enterprises going global was accelerated.Further progress was made in the development of free trade zones, and in our economic dialogues with major trading partners and mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries.對(duì)外開放水平繼續(xù)提高。大力實(shí)施以質(zhì)取勝和出口市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略。加強(qiáng)科技興貿(mào)創(chuàng)新基地和服務(wù)外包基地建設(shè)，支持自主品牌和自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)產(chǎn)品出口。完善加工貿(mào)易政策體系。穩(wěn)步擴(kuò)大服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)外開放，加強(qiáng)對(duì)外商投資方向的引導(dǎo)。整合建立新的對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作專項(xiàng)資金，發(fā)布對(duì)外承包工程管理?xiàng)l例，理順對(duì)外勞務(wù)合作管理體制。積極推進(jìn)境外能源資源合作，企業(yè)“走出去”步伐加快，對(duì)外援助進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)、與主要經(jīng)貿(mào)伙伴的經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話、同發(fā)展中國家的互利合作取得新進(jìn)展。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

A massive earthquake that shocked the world struck Wenchuan on May 12.Under the firm leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, people of all ethnic groups in China, especially in the quake zone, worked as one and fought in unison against the earthquake disaster.The people's army rushed to the frontlines without thinking of their own safety.We launched an earthquake rescue and relief operation that accomplished its work faster, mobilized more personnel and committed more resources than ever before in China's history.We steadfastly gave top priority to saving people's lives.We pulled 84,000 survivors out of the rubble.We promptly repaired damaged infrastructure, and resolutely unblocked the Mount Tangjia quake lake to avert potential secondary disasters.We did our utmost to prevent an epidemic from occurring and ensured that there was no major outbreak of diseases after the deadly earthquake.The central government allocated 38.4 billion yuan for quake relief and 74 billion yuan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We promptly introduced a host of policies and measures to support the quake zone.We energetically organized one-to-one assistance to designated areas affected by the earthquake.People from all sectors of society in China made generous 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)donations, both in cash and in kind;our compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan as well as overseas Chinese contributed generously to the disaster relief campaign;and the international community provided us with earthquake rescue and relief assistance.All this combined to forma boundless source of strength for the Chinese people to overcome the disaster.This hard struggle against the earthquake produced uncountable touching and brave exploits and fully demonstrated the great indomitable and unyielding spirit of the Chinese people, thus writing a heroic chapter in the history of the nation.去年５月１２日，我國發(fā)生震驚世界的汶川特大地震。在黨中央、國務(wù)院堅(jiān)強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國各族人民特別是災(zāi)區(qū)人民萬眾一心、眾志成城，人民子弟兵舍生忘死、沖鋒在前，展開了我國歷史上救援速度最快、動(dòng)員范圍最廣、投入力量最大的抗震救災(zāi)斗爭(zhēng)。我們堅(jiān)持把搶救人的生命放在第一位，從廢墟中搶救生還者８．４萬人。迅速搶修基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，果斷處置唐家山堰塞湖，避免嚴(yán)重次生災(zāi)害發(fā)生；全力開展防疫工作，實(shí)現(xiàn)了大災(zāi)之后無大疫。中央財(cái)政安排３８４億元救災(zāi)款和７４０億元恢復(fù)重建資金，迅速出臺(tái)一系列支援災(zāi)區(qū)的政策措施。積極開展對(duì)口支援。社會(huì)各界踴躍捐助款物，廣大香港同胞、澳門同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞以及海外華僑華人奉獻(xiàn)愛心，國際社會(huì)伸出援手，匯成了齊心協(xié)力抗擊災(zāi)害的磅礴力量。這場(chǎng)艱苦卓絕的抗震救災(zāi)斗爭(zhēng)，涌現(xiàn)出無數(shù)感天動(dòng)地、可歌可泣的英雄事跡，充分展現(xiàn)了中國人民不屈不撓、自強(qiáng)不息的偉大民族精神，譜寫了氣壯山河的壯麗篇章。

None of the achievements we made last year came easily.They were the result of overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army and the people of all our ethnic groups.On behalf of the State Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions and Taiwan and to overseas Chinese, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization drive.過去一年的成就來之不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民同心同德、團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的結(jié)果。在這里，我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

While acknowledging our achievements, we must be clearly aware that we face unprecedented difficulties and challenges.在肯定成績(jī)的同時(shí)，也要清醒地看到，我們正面臨前所未有的困難和挑戰(zhàn)。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

First, the global financial crisis continues to spread and get worse.Demand continues to shrink on international markets;the trend toward global deflation is obvious;and trade protectionism is resurging.The external economic environment has become more serious, and uncertainties have increased significantly.一是國際金融危機(jī)還在蔓延、仍未見底。國際市場(chǎng)需求繼續(xù)萎縮，全球通貨緊縮趨勢(shì)明顯，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義抬頭，外部經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境更加嚴(yán)峻，不確定因素顯著增多。

Second, continuous drop in economic growth rate due to the impact of the global financial crisis has become a major problem affecting the overall situation.This has resulted in excess production capacity in some industries, caused some enterprises to experience operating difficulties and exerted severe pressure on employment.Factors leading to decline in government revenues and increase in government expenditures have increased.It has become more difficult to maintain steady agricultural development and keep rural incomes growing.二是受國際金融危機(jī)影響，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速持續(xù)下滑，已成為影響全局的主要矛盾。一些行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩，部分企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)困難，就業(yè)形勢(shì)十分嚴(yán)峻，財(cái)政減收增支因素增多，農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展、農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大。

Third, institutional and structural problems that have long hindered healthy economic development still remain, and some of them are still prominent.Consumption demand is insufficient, and development of tertiary industries is sluggish.Our capacity for independent innovation is weak.Consumption of energy and other resources is high.Environmental pollution is serious.Disparities in development between urban and rural areas and between regions are widening.三是長(zhǎng)期制約我國經(jīng)濟(jì)健康發(fā)展的體制性、結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾依然存在，有的還很突出。消費(fèi)需求不足，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展滯后，自主創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，能源資源消耗多，環(huán)境污染重，城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距仍在擴(kuò)大。

Fourth, some problems affecting the vital interests of the people have not been fundamentally alleviated.There are still many problems demanding urgent solution in the areas of social security, education, health care, income distribution and public security.四是一些涉及人民群眾切身利益的問題沒有根本緩解，社會(huì)保障、教育、醫(yī)療、收入分配、社會(huì)治安等方面存在不少亟待解決的問題。

Fifth, order in the market is not well standardized;market oversight and law enforcement are not fully in place, and the social credit rating system is still in need of improvement.A number of serious and major incidents concerning food and 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)workplace safety have occurred, which have inflicted serious loss of life and property on the people and taught us a sobering lesson.五是市場(chǎng)秩序不規(guī)范，市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管和執(zhí)法不到位，社會(huì)誠信體系不健全。食品安全事件和安全生產(chǎn)重特大事故接連發(fā)生，給人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成重大損失，教訓(xùn)十分深刻。

We need to thoroughly appreciate how serious and complex the international and domestic economic situations are, be more mindful of potential perils and crises, fully exploit favorable conditions and actively respond to all challenges so that we can successfully accomplish all our tasks and prove worthy of the great expectations and trust conferred on us by the people.我們一定要深刻認(rèn)識(shí)國際國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的嚴(yán)峻性和復(fù)雜性，增強(qiáng)危機(jī)意識(shí)和憂患意識(shí)，充分利用有利條件，積極應(yīng)對(duì)各種挑戰(zhàn)，努力做好各項(xiàng)工作，絕不辜負(fù)人民的期望和重托。

II.General Plan for the Work in 2009

二、２００９年工作總體部署

This year is crucial for the implementation of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan.It will also be the most difficult year for China's economic development since the beginning of the 21st century.We face arduous tasks in promoting reform, development and stability.今年是實(shí)施“十一五”規(guī)劃的關(guān)鍵之年，也是進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)以來我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展最為困難的一年，改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定的任務(wù)十分繁重。

An analysis of the overall international and domestic situations shows that China is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.Challenges and opportunities coexist, as do hardships and hopes.Neither the fundamentals of China's economic and social development nor its positive long-term trend has changed.We are fully confident that we will overcome difficulties and challenges, and we have the conditions and ability to do so.Our confidence and strength come from many sources: from the scientific judgment and correct grasp of the situation of the central leadership;from the policies and measures that have been formulated and implemented to respond to challenges and promote long-term development;from the huge demand generated by the development of infrastructure, the upgrading of the industrial structure and consumption patterns, environmental protection, and the development of the ecosystem and social programs in the rapid process of industrialization and urbanization;from the support of such factors as our ample capital and labor resources, our sound financial system in smooth operation, vigorous enterprises and flexible macro control policies;from our material, scientific and technological base and institutional conditions that have been created in the 30 years 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)of reform and opening up;from our unique political and institutional advantages that enable us to mobilize resources to accomplish large undertakings, the stable, harmonious social environment we enjoy, and the enthusiasm and creativity of the whole nation from top to bottom to promote scientific development;and from the powerful spirit of the Chinese nation, which always works hard and persistently to make the country strong.As long as we closely follow the Party's leadership and firmly rely on the people of all our ethnic groups, we will be able to overcome any difficulties, minimize the adverse impact of the global financial crisis and promote sound and rapid economic and social development.綜觀國際國內(nèi)形勢(shì)，我國仍處于重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。挑戰(zhàn)與機(jī)遇并存，困難與希望同在。我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的基本面和長(zhǎng)期向好的趨勢(shì)沒有改變。我們完全有信心、有條件、有能力克服困難，戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)。我們的信心和力量，來自中央對(duì)形勢(shì)的科學(xué)判斷和準(zhǔn)確把握；來自已經(jīng)制定并實(shí)施的應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)、著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的一系列政策舉措；來自工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化快速推進(jìn)中的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)、環(huán)境保護(hù)、生態(tài)建設(shè)和社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展等方面的巨大需求；來自充裕的資金、豐富的勞動(dòng)力資源等要素支撐；來自運(yùn)行穩(wěn)健的金融體系、活力增強(qiáng)的各類企業(yè)和富于彈性的宏觀調(diào)控政策；來自改革開放３０年建立的物質(zhì)、科技基礎(chǔ)和體制條件；來自集中力量辦大事的政治和制度優(yōu)勢(shì)、和諧安定的社會(huì)環(huán)境以及全國上下促進(jìn)科學(xué)發(fā)展的積極性、創(chuàng)造性；來自中華民族堅(jiān)忍不拔、發(fā)憤圖強(qiáng)的偉大精神力量。只要我們緊緊依靠黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和全國各族人民，就沒有克服不了的困難，就一定能夠把國際金融危機(jī)的不利影響降到最低程度，就一定能夠推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)又好又快發(fā)展。

To carry out the work of the government well this year, we must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide, and thoroughly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.We need to make ensuring steady and rapid economic development the main task of our economic work.We need to strengthen and improve macroeconomic control, vigorously expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, change the pattern of development and speed up strategic economic restructuring, and deepen reform and improve our work of opening to the outside world.We need to improve the people's lives, increase social harmony and promote all-round progress in socialist economic, political, cultural, social and ecological development.做好今年的政府工作，要高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，把保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展作為經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的首要任務(wù)，加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，著力擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求，著力轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整，著力深化改革、提高對(duì)外開放水平，著力改善民生促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)。

We have set the following major targets for this year's national economic and social development: GDP will grow by about 8%;the economic structure will further 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)improve;urban employment will increase by more than nine million persons;the urban registered unemployment rate will be held under 4.6%, urban and rural incomes will grow steadily;the rise in the CPI will be around 4%;and the balance of payments will continue to improve.It needs to be stressed that in projecting the GDP growth target at about 8%, we have taken into consideration both our need and ability to sustain development.In China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, maintaining a certain growth rate for the economy is essential for expanding employment for both urban and rural residents, increasing people's incomes and ensuring social stability.As long as we adopt the right policies and appropriate measures and implement them effectively, we will be able to achieve this target.今年國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)８％左右，經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)９００萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率４．６％以內(nèi)；城鄉(xiāng)居民收入穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平漲幅４％左右；國際收支狀況繼續(xù)改善。這里要著重說明，提出８％左右的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)，綜合考慮了發(fā)展的需要和可能。在我們這樣一個(gè)１３億人口的發(fā)展中國家，要擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)，增加居民收入，維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定，就必須保持一定的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度。只要政策對(duì)頭，措施得當(dāng)，落實(shí)有力，就有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)。

To ensure success of the government's work this year, we must act on the following principles.做好今年政府工作，必須把握好以下原則：

First, we must boost domestic demand to sustain economic growth.We need to steadfastly take reversing the downward trend in economic growth as the primary goal of macro control, and make boosting domestic demand a long-term strategic principle and a basic point of departure for stimulating economic growth.We will work to increase effective demand, shore up weak links, and give full play to the leading role of domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, in driving economic growth.一是擴(kuò)內(nèi)需、保增長(zhǎng)。堅(jiān)持把扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢(shì)作為宏觀調(diào)控最重要的目標(biāo)，把擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求作為促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針和根本著力點(diǎn)，增加有效需求，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，充分發(fā)揮內(nèi)需特別是消費(fèi)需求拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的主導(dǎo)作用。

Second, we must adjust the structure of the economy to raise it to a higher level of development.In changing the pattern of development, we will continue to focus on economic restructuring and independent innovation.We will turn pressure into impetus for growth, unwaveringly protect and develop advanced productive forces, shut down backward production facilities, integrate factors of production and create more room for development.We will balance our efforts to sustain economic growth, adjust the structure and improve economic performance to raise the overall quality of the national economy and strengthen the basis for its further development.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)二是調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、上水平。堅(jiān)持把推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和自主創(chuàng)新作為轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式的主攻方向，變壓力為動(dòng)力，堅(jiān)定不移地保護(hù)和發(fā)展先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)力，淘汰落后產(chǎn)能，整合生產(chǎn)要素，拓展發(fā)展空間，實(shí)現(xiàn)保增長(zhǎng)和調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、增效益相統(tǒng)一，增強(qiáng)國民經(jīng)濟(jì)整體素質(zhì)和發(fā)展后勁。

Third, we must press ahead with reform to make the economy more vigorous.We will continue to take deepening reform and opening up as the fundamental driving force for promoting scientific development.We need to further emancipate our minds, intensify reform in major areas and key links, eliminate obstacles embedded in systems and mechanisms and stimulate greater creativity for development.三是抓改革、增活力。堅(jiān)持把深化改革開放作為促進(jìn)科學(xué)發(fā)展的根本動(dòng)力，進(jìn)一步解放思想，加大重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革力度，消除體制機(jī)制障礙，激發(fā)創(chuàng)造活力。

Fourth, we must give top priority to ensuring people's well-being and promote social harmony.The more difficulties we face, the greater attention we should pay to ensuring people's well-being and promoting social harmony and stability.We will continue to ensure that maintaining and improving people's lives is always the starting and end point of our economic work.We will implement an even more proactive employment policy and closely integrate efforts to stimulate growth with efforts to expand employment and improve people's lives in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.四是重民生、促和諧。越是困難的時(shí)候，越要關(guān)注民生，越要促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。堅(jiān)持把保障和改善民生作為經(jīng)濟(jì)工作的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)，實(shí)行更加積極的就業(yè)政策，把促進(jìn)增長(zhǎng)與擴(kuò)大就業(yè)、改善民生緊密結(jié)合起來，讓人民群眾共享改革發(fā)展的成果。

III.Major Tasks for 2009

三、２００９年主要任務(wù)

This year, our government work will give high priority to dealing with the global financial crisis and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We will take a coordinated approach, stress key areas, and fully implement a package plan to ensure steady and rapid economic development.We will dramatically increase government investment by launching a four trillion yuan two-year investment plan, for which the central government has pledged 1.18 trillion yuan, and implement a structural tax reduction in order to stimulate domestic demand.We will also implement a massive plan to adjust and reinvigorate industries to raise the overall competitiveness of the economy;vigorously promote independent innovation and provide scientific and technological support to increase the sustaining power of development;and significantly increase social security benefits, expand urban and rural employment and promote development of social programs.To implement this package plan, we 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)will concentrate our efforts on the following seven areas.今年的政府工作，要以應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展為主線，統(tǒng)籌兼顧，突出重點(diǎn)，全面實(shí)施促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展的一攬子計(jì)劃。大規(guī)模增加政府投資，實(shí)施總額４萬億元的兩年投資計(jì)劃，其中中央政府?dāng)M新增１．１８萬億元，實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求；大范圍實(shí)施調(diào)整振興產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)劃，提高國民經(jīng)濟(jì)整體競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；大力推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新，加強(qiáng)科技支撐，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展后勁；大幅度提高社會(huì)保障水平，擴(kuò)大城鄉(xiāng)就業(yè)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展。以實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃為重點(diǎn)，今年要著力抓好以下七方面工作：

1.Improving and strengthening macro control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development

（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

We need to adhere to a flexible and prudent control policy to make our macro control more responsive to changes and more results-oriented.We will reverse the slowdown in economic growth as soon as possible and maintain steady and rapid economic development.要堅(jiān)持靈活審慎的調(diào)控方針，提高宏觀調(diào)控的應(yīng)變能力和實(shí)際效果，盡快扭轉(zhuǎn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢(shì)，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。

We will implement a proactive fiscal policy.實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。

First, we will significantly increase government spending.This is the most active, direct and efficient way we can expand domestic demand.There will be a large discrepancy between government revenues and expenditures this year.On the one hand, a slowdown in economic growth and the reduction of tax burdens on enterprises and individuals will inevitably slow the growth of government revenues.On the other hand, we must significantly increase investment and government expenditures to stimulate economic growth, improve people's lives and deepen reform.To cover the shortfall arising from the decline in government revenues and growth in expenditures, we have set this year's central government deficit at 750 billion yuan, 570 billion yuan more than last year.In addition, the State Council will allow local governments to issue 200 billion yuan worth of government bonds through the Ministry of Finance, which will go into provincial budgets.These will add up to a 950 billion yuan deficit, accounting for less than 3% of the GDP.Although the deficit will increase significantly this year, the constant drop in government deficits in previous years provides room to issue more bonds this year, and the ratio of the cumulative balance of outstanding government bonds to GDP, which is around 20%, is within the acceptable range of what our overall national strength can bear and is therefore safe.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

一是大幅度增加政府支出，這是擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需最主動(dòng)、最直接、最有效的措施。今年財(cái)政收支緊張的矛盾十分突出。一方面，經(jīng)濟(jì)增速放緩、減輕企業(yè)和居民稅負(fù)必然會(huì)使財(cái)政收入增速下降；另一方面，為刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、改善民生和深化改革，又需要大幅度增加投資和政府支出。為彌補(bǔ)財(cái)政減收增支形成的缺口，擬安排中央財(cái)政赤字７５００億元，比上年增加５７００億元，同時(shí)國務(wù)院同意地方發(fā)行２０００億元債券，由財(cái)政部代理發(fā)行，列入省級(jí)預(yù)算管理。全國財(cái)政赤字合計(jì)９５００億元，占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重在３％以內(nèi)，雖然當(dāng)年赤字增加較多，但由于前幾年連續(xù)減少赤字，發(fā)債空間較大，累計(jì)國債余額占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重２０％左右，這是我國綜合國力可以承受的，總體上也是安全的。

Second, we will carry out structural tax reduction and promote reform of taxes and fees.We will reduce tax burdens on enterprises and individuals by a variety of means such as tax cuts, rebates and exemptions to encourage enterprise investment and consumer spending and invigorate the micro-economy.Preliminary calculations indicate that the burdens on enterprises and individuals will fall by approximately 500 billion yuan this year as the result of comprehensively carrying out VAT reform;implementing existing preferential tax policies on small and medium-sized enterprises, the real estate industry and securities transactions and export rebate policies;and rescinding or suspending 100 administrative charges.二是實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅和推進(jìn)稅費(fèi)改革。采取減稅、退稅或抵免稅等多種方式減輕企業(yè)和居民稅負(fù)，促進(jìn)企業(yè)投資和居民消費(fèi)，增強(qiáng)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)活力。初步測(cè)算，今年全面實(shí)施增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型，落實(shí)已出臺(tái)的中小企業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)和證券交易相關(guān)稅收優(yōu)惠以及出口退稅等方面政策，加上取消和停征１００項(xiàng)行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)，可減輕企業(yè)和居民負(fù)擔(dān)約５０００億元。

Third, we will optimize the structure of government expenditures.We will continue to increase investment in key areas, strictly control regular expenditures, and do everything we can to reduce administrative costs.三是優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)。繼續(xù)加大對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域投入，嚴(yán)格控制一般性開支，努力降低行政成本。

We will follow a moderately easy monetary policy and give monetary policy a more active role to play in promoting economic growth.實(shí)施適度寬松的貨幣政策。貨幣政策要在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方面發(fā)揮更加積極的作用。

First, we will improve financial control.We will increase the broad money supply by about 17% and grant over five trillion yuan in additional loans to ensure that the supply of money and credit meets the requirements of economic development.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)一是改善金融調(diào)控。保證貨幣信貸總量滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展需求，廣義貨幣增長(zhǎng)１７％左右，新增貸款５萬億元以上。

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will strengthen monitoring and guidance of the flow of credit, increase financial support for weak links such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers as well as small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively resolve the problem some businesses have in getting financing.We will strictly control lending to industries and enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting or have excess production capacity.二是優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)信貸投向的監(jiān)測(cè)和指導(dǎo)，加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、中小企業(yè)等薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的金融支持，切實(shí)解決一些企業(yè)融資難問題。嚴(yán)格控制對(duì)高耗能、高污染和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)企業(yè)的貸款。

Third, we will improve the mechanism for transmitting monetary policy and guarantee the smooth flow of funds.We will make full use of the advantages and special features of all kinds of financial institutions, innovate and improve financial services, satisfy reasonable requests for financing, and create a synergy for finance to promote economic development.三是進(jìn)一步理順貨幣政策傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制，保證資金渠道暢通。充分發(fā)揮各類金融機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)勢(shì)和特點(diǎn)，創(chuàng)新和改進(jìn)金融服務(wù)，滿足合理資金需求，形成金融促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的合力。

Fourth, we will strengthen and improve financial oversight and supervision.All kinds of financial enterprises need to strengthen risk management and become better able to withstand risks.We will ensure that there is a proper balance between innovation, opening up, and oversight and supervision in the financial sector.We will strengthen monitoring and supervision of cross-border capital flows and maintain financial stability and security.四是加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)金融監(jiān)管。各類金融企業(yè)都要加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，增強(qiáng)抵御風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力。處理好金融創(chuàng)新、金融開放與金融監(jiān)管的關(guān)系。加強(qiáng)跨境資本流動(dòng)監(jiān)測(cè)和管理，維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)定和安全。

We need to make our fiscal and monetary policies more consistent and coordinated with our industrial, trade, land, investment and employment policies to create a control synergy.要加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)業(yè)、貿(mào)易、土地、投資、就業(yè)政策與財(cái)政、貨幣政策的一致性和協(xié)調(diào)性，形成調(diào)控合力。

2.Actively boosting domestic demand, especially consumer demand, and strengthening the role of domestic demand in driving economic growth 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

（二）積極擴(kuò)大國內(nèi)需求特別是消費(fèi)需求，增強(qiáng)內(nèi)需對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的拉動(dòng)作用

First, we will expand consumption, especially individual consumption.We will continue to adjust income distribution, raise the proportion of the national income that goes to wages, increase the proportion of government spending dedicated to improving people's lives and expanding consumption, and increase subsidies to farmers and low-income urban residents.We need to cultivate areas of high consumer demand and expand consumption in new areas.We will improve the policy on automobile consumption, accelerate development of markets for second-hand cars and car rental, and guide and promote rational spending on automobiles.We will vigorously expand consumption that makes people's lives easier, such as community-based businesses, property management and household services;accelerate development of tourism and leisure consumption;increase consumption in culture, recreation, sports and fitness services;and vigorously expand consumption in new areas such as the Internet and animation.We will improve consumption policies and the consumption environment.We will accelerate the project to encourage retailers to open stores in more townships and villages, and encourage commercial chains to open more outlets in rural areas.We will intensify the development of consumption facilities and service networks in both urban and rural areas, rectify order in the market, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of consumers.We will promptly work out and introduce policies and measures to encourage consumption, and vigorously develop consumer credit.We will do all the work of implementing the programs for bringing home appliances, agricultural machinery, and automobiles and motorbikes to the countryside well, and we will make effective and flexible use of the 40 billion yuan in central government subsidies provided to get enterprises to increase their sales and enable farmers to enjoy real benefits.一是擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)尤其是居民消費(fèi)。繼續(xù)調(diào)整收入分配格局，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬占國民收入的比重，增加政府支出用于改善民生、擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)的比重，增加對(duì)城鎮(zhèn)低收入群眾和農(nóng)民的補(bǔ)貼。要培育消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn)，拓展消費(fèi)空間。完善汽車消費(fèi)政策，加快發(fā)展二手車市場(chǎng)和汽車租賃市場(chǎng)，引導(dǎo)和促進(jìn)汽車合理消費(fèi)。大力發(fā)展社區(qū)商業(yè)、物業(yè)、家政等便民消費(fèi)，加快發(fā)展旅游休閑消費(fèi)，擴(kuò)大文化娛樂、體育健身等服務(wù)消費(fèi)，積極發(fā)展網(wǎng)絡(luò)動(dòng)漫等新型消費(fèi)。完善消費(fèi)政策，優(yōu)化消費(fèi)環(huán)境。加快建設(shè)“萬村千鄉(xiāng)”市場(chǎng)工程，推進(jìn)連鎖經(jīng)營(yíng)向農(nóng)村延伸。要加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)消費(fèi)設(shè)施和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，維護(hù)消費(fèi)者合法權(quán)益。抓緊研究出臺(tái)鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)的政策措施，積極發(fā)展消費(fèi)信貸。做好“家電下鄉(xiāng)”、“農(nóng)機(jī)下鄉(xiāng)”、“汽車、摩托車下鄉(xiāng)”等工作，把中央財(cái)政的４００億元補(bǔ)貼資金用好用活，使企業(yè)增加銷售、農(nóng)民得到實(shí)惠。

Second, we will maintain rapid growth in investment and improve the investment structure.The central government plans to invest 908 billion yuan this year.Government investment will focus on projects to improve people's lives such as those for developing low-income housing, education, heath care and culture;projects to conserve energy, protect the environment, improve the ecosystem, upgrade 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)technologies, and make scientific and technological innovations;projects to make key infrastructure improvements, including farmland improvement and water conservancy projects, railways, and freeways;and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.We must channel government investment to areas where it best counteracts the effects of the global financial crisis and to weak areas in economic and social development, and no government investment will be made in the regular processing industries.We will promptly work out and introduce preferential policies to encourage and guide non-governmental investment.We need to support non-governmental investment in areas favored by state industrial policies and encourage enterprises to increase spending on R&D and technological upgrading through proper release of information and improved guidance.All government money comes from the people, and we must spend every penny responsibly.We will make every effort to ensure that all construction projects meet high quality standards and are built to last and be passed onto our future generations as valuable legacy.二是保持投資較快增長(zhǎng)和優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。今年中央政府投資總額９０８０億元，主要用于保障性住房、教育、衛(wèi)生、文化等民生工程建設(shè)，節(jié)能環(huán)保和生態(tài)建設(shè)，技術(shù)改造與科技創(chuàng)新，農(nóng)田水利、鐵路、高速公路等重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建。政府投資必須用在應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)最關(guān)鍵的地方，用在經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，絕不能用于一般加工工業(yè)。要抓緊研究出臺(tái)鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)社會(huì)投資的優(yōu)惠政策。通過發(fā)布信息、加強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)，支持社會(huì)資本投向符合國家產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的領(lǐng)域，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)增加研發(fā)和技改投資。我們的每一分錢都來自人民，必須對(duì)人民負(fù)責(zé)。所有工程建設(shè)都要堅(jiān)持百年大計(jì)、質(zhì)量第一，給子孫后代留下寶貴財(cái)富。

Third, we will promote the steady and healthy development of the real estate market.We will adopt even more vigorous and effective policies and measures to stabilize market confidence and expectations, keep real estate investment stable, and promote steady and orderly development of the real estate industry.We will speed up implementation and improvement of policies and measures to promote development of low-income housing projects.Wewill strive to solve the housing problems of 7.5 million low-income urban families and 2.4 million families living in shantytowns in forests, on reclaimed land and around coalmines within three years.This year, the central government will allocate 49.3 billion yuan for the construction of low-income housing to increase funding for developing low-rent housing and improving housing conditions in shantytowns, and increase housing subsidies for the central and western regions by an appropriate amount.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas and build permanent housing for nomads in ethnic minority areas.A pilot program will be launched in selected places where conditions permit to use the idle portion of the housing accumulation fund to support development of affordable housing.We will vigorously develop public rental housing.We will effectively implement credit, tax and other policies to support people in purchasing homes and making home improvements.Individuals who meet relevant criteria and apply for bank loans to support the purchase of a second home for personal use will enjoy similar preferential lending policies that apply to the purchase 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)of first homes.We will implement the policy to reduce or exempt the business tax on housing transfers to varying degrees based on the age of the housing.We will expand consumption and supply of ordinary commercial housing, and increase credit support for building small and medium-sized condominiums at low and medium price levels.We will speed up development of the market for second-hand homes and the home rental market.We will encourage and guide local governments to stabilize and develop their real estate market in light of local conditions, and strengthen supervision of the housing market by type.We will continue to rectify order in the real estate market, and standardize transactions.We will help rural migrant workers in cities solve their housing problems.We will deepen reform of the urban housing system to meet people's multilevel housing demand, and strive to ensure adequate housing for everyone.三是促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展。采取更加積極有效的政策措施，穩(wěn)定市場(chǎng)信心和預(yù)期，穩(wěn)定房地產(chǎn)投資，推動(dòng)房地產(chǎn)業(yè)平穩(wěn)有序發(fā)展。加快落實(shí)和完善促進(jìn)保障性住房建設(shè)的政策措施，爭(zhēng)取用三年時(shí)間，解決７５０萬戶城市低收入住房困難家庭和２４０萬戶林區(qū)、墾區(qū)、煤礦等棚戶區(qū)居民的住房問題。今年中央財(cái)政擬安排保障性安居工程資金４９３億元，加大對(duì)廉租房建設(shè)和棚戶區(qū)改造的投資支持力度，適當(dāng)提高中西部地區(qū)補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村危房改造試點(diǎn)范圍，實(shí)施少數(shù)民族地區(qū)游牧民定居工程。選擇一些有條件的地區(qū)進(jìn)行試點(diǎn)，把部分住房公積金閑置資金補(bǔ)充用于經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住房建設(shè)。積極發(fā)展公共租賃住房。落實(shí)好支持居民購買自住性和改善性住房的信貸、稅收和其他政策。對(duì)符合條件的第二套普通自住房購買者，比照?qǐng)?zhí)行首次貸款購買普通自住房的優(yōu)惠政策；對(duì)住房轉(zhuǎn)讓環(huán)節(jié)營(yíng)業(yè)稅，按不同年限實(shí)行有區(qū)別的稅收減免政策。促進(jìn)普通商品住房消費(fèi)和供給，加大對(duì)中小套型、中低價(jià)位普通商品房建設(shè)的信貸支持。加快發(fā)展二手房市場(chǎng)和住房租賃市場(chǎng)。鼓勵(lì)引導(dǎo)各地因地制宜穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)，加強(qiáng)住房市場(chǎng)分類管理。繼續(xù)整頓房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)秩序，規(guī)范交易行為。幫助進(jìn)城農(nóng)民工解決住房困難問題。深化城鎮(zhèn)住房制度改革，滿足居民多層次住房需求，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)住有所居的目標(biāo)。

Fourth, we will accelerate recovery and reconstruction of areas hit by the Wenchuan earthquake.We will promptly and fully implement the master plan for post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.The central government will allocate 130 billion yuan for this purpose this year.We will quickly rebuild homes for quake-affected urban and rural residents by combining repair and reinforcement of existing housing with construction of new housing.We will basically complete reconstruction of rural houses collapsed or badly damaged during the earthquake, and ensure quake-stricken residents can move into new houses by the end of this year.We will accelerate rebuilding of schools in the quake zone and ensure that more than 95% of the students whose school buildings were destroyed in the earthquake will have permanent school buildings.We will continue work to repair and rebuild infrastructure such as transportation, communications, energy and water conservancy facilities.We will effectively prevent and control geological disasters, restore the ecosystem, improve the environment, and resume cultivation of damaged arable land.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)We will speed up industrial rebuilding and development in the quake zone on the basis of the plan to adjust and reinvigorate key industries.We will continue to provide one-to-one assistance and special aid to the quake zone and manage and use funds, goods and materials for post-earthquake reconstruction well.We will intensify and accelerate post-earthquake reconstruction and strive to basically reach the targets in two years that had originally been set for three, so that residents of the quake zone can begin to live a happier life as soon as possible.四是加快推進(jìn)地震災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建。抓緊全面實(shí)施災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建總體規(guī)劃，中央財(cái)政今年再安排１３００億元災(zāi)后重建資金。加快災(zāi)區(qū)城鄉(xiāng)居民住房恢復(fù)重建，實(shí)行維修加固與新建相結(jié)合。基本完成因?yàn)?zāi)倒塌和嚴(yán)重?fù)p毀農(nóng)房重建任務(wù)，保證受災(zāi)群眾在今年底前住進(jìn)新房。加快地震災(zāi)區(qū)學(xué)校恢復(fù)建設(shè)，確保今年底９５％以上的學(xué)生都能在永久性校舍中學(xué)習(xí)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)交通、通信、能源、水利等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施恢復(fù)重建。搞好地質(zhì)災(zāi)害防治、生態(tài)修復(fù)、環(huán)境整治和災(zāi)毀耕地復(fù)耕。結(jié)合實(shí)施重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃，加快災(zāi)區(qū)產(chǎn)業(yè)重建與發(fā)展。繼續(xù)搞好對(duì)口支援和專項(xiàng)援助，管好用好災(zāi)后重建資金和物資。災(zāi)后重建要加大力度，加快進(jìn)度，力爭(zhēng)在兩年內(nèi)基本完成原定三年的目標(biāo)任務(wù)，讓災(zāi)區(qū)人民早日過上更加幸福美好的生活。

3.Consolidating and strengthening the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, and promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in rural incomes

（三）鞏固和加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)地位，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收

We will focus on the following five areas.今年重點(diǎn)抓好五件事：

First, we will steadily develop grain production.We will effectively keep the area planted in grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the country's grain production capacity by 50 million tons.一是穩(wěn)定發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)。切實(shí)穩(wěn)定種植面積，著力提高單產(chǎn)，優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu)，推進(jìn)全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)。

Second, we will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.We will support the production of important agricultural products in short supply, and improve the quality, profitability and competitiveness of agricultural products.We will speed up implementation of the new plan for developing agricultural products in regions with the most suitable conditions.We will support the growing of oil bearing and other cash crops in areas with the most suitable conditions.We will stabilize hog production, implement the plan for reinvigorating the dairy industry, and promote 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)large-scale, standardized, healthy farming practices in animal husbandry and aquaculture.We will strengthen the prevention and control of major animal and plant epidemics.二是以市場(chǎng)需求為導(dǎo)向調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)。支持重要緊缺農(nóng)產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、效益和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。加快實(shí)施新一輪優(yōu)勢(shì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品區(qū)域布局規(guī)劃，支持優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)區(qū)發(fā)展油料等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物，穩(wěn)定生豬生產(chǎn)，實(shí)施奶業(yè)振興規(guī)劃，推進(jìn)畜牧水產(chǎn)規(guī)模化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化健康養(yǎng)殖。加強(qiáng)重大動(dòng)植物疫病防控。

Third, we will intensify development of agricultural infrastructure and projects designed to improve the lives of rural people.We will develop land on a large scale and comprehensively improve farmland, water supplies, roads, and forests.We will upgrade low-and medium-yield farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards.We will speed up the reinforcement of large and medium-sized reservoirs and dangerous key small reservoirs.We will further improve irrigated areas and build more small water conservancy facilities.By the end of next year, we will have basically paved the roads linking all towns and townships across the country and all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the eastern and central regions and will have completed the construction of roads connecting all incorporated villages with the proper conditions in the western region.In addition, we will provide safe drinking water to another 60 million people and methane to an additional five million households.We will continue to improve rural infrastructure, including power grids, postal service, and telecommunications, and intensify development of rural social programs.三是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和農(nóng)村民生工程建設(shè)。大規(guī)模開展土地整治，實(shí)行田、水、路、林綜合治理，推進(jìn)中低產(chǎn)田改造，建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田。加快大中型和重點(diǎn)小型病險(xiǎn)水庫除險(xiǎn)加固進(jìn)度，加強(qiáng)灌區(qū)改造和小型農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)。到明年底，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)全國鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和東中部地區(qū)具備條件的建制村道路硬化，西部地區(qū)具備條件的建制村通公路。再解決６０００萬人安全飲水問題，增加５００萬沼氣用戶，繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)、郵政通信和社會(huì)事業(yè)等基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)。

Fourth, we will increase rural incomes in a variety of ways.We will vigorously develop modern agriculture with distinctive local features, support intensive processing and sale of agricultural products, develop rural secondary and tertiary industries, accelerate the development of small towns, and strengthen county economies.四是多渠道促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收。大力發(fā)展特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)，扶持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品精深加工和銷售，發(fā)展農(nóng)村二三產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快小城鎮(zhèn)建設(shè)，壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)。

Fifth, we will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.This year, a new poverty line will be adopted and all low-income rural residents will be covered by the poverty relief policy.The threshold will be increased to 1,196 yuan per 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)person on average, and coverage will be extended to include 40.07 million recipients.This marks the beginning of a new stage in China's efforts to reduce poverty through development.We need to improve state poverty relief strategies and policies, increase funding, and steadfastly make development the basis of poverty reduction.We will give priority to eradicating poverty at the village level, training rural residents for nonagricultural employment, and reducing poverty through industrial development and relocation of residents so that the poor get the basic necessities, escape poverty, and become prosperous.五是加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。今年將實(shí)行新的扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對(duì)農(nóng)村低收入人口全面實(shí)施扶貧政策。新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到人均１１９６元，扶貧對(duì)象覆蓋４００７萬人，這標(biāo)志著我國扶貧開發(fā)進(jìn)入一個(gè)新階段。要完善國家扶貧戰(zhàn)略和政策，加大扶貧資金投入，堅(jiān)持開發(fā)式扶貧，重點(diǎn)抓好整村推進(jìn)、勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移培訓(xùn)、產(chǎn)業(yè)化扶貧和移民扶貧，穩(wěn)定解決扶貧對(duì)象溫飽問題并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧致富。

We will take the following measures to comprehensively strengthen our work related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers.全面加強(qiáng)“三農(nóng)”工作要采取以下措施：

First, we will greatly increase funding for agriculture and rural areas.Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers will total 716.1 billion yuan this year, a year-on-year increase of 120.6 billion yuan.We will significantly increase funding for rural public facilities in the central and western regions, and relieve governments at and below the county level of the burden of providing supporting funds for them.Greater priority will be given to major grain-producing areas in implementing the policies and measures supporting grain production.More general transfer payments and financial rewards will be provided to major grain-producing counties and greater support given to projects for industrializing grain production.一要大幅度增加農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村投入。今年中央財(cái)政擬安排“三農(nóng)”投入７１６１億元，比上年增加１２０６億元。大幅度增加對(duì)中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村公益性建設(shè)項(xiàng)目投入，取消縣及縣以下相關(guān)資金配套要求。支持糧食生產(chǎn)的政策措施向主產(chǎn)區(qū)傾斜，加大對(duì)產(chǎn)糧大縣一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付、財(cái)政獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)和糧食產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的扶持力度。

Second, we will significantly raise minimum grain purchase prices and keep the prices of agricultural products stable at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more.This year the floor price for the purchase of wheat and rice will be increased by 0.22 yuan and 0.26 yuan per kilogram on average respectively.We will apply policies in a timely fashion to temporarily purchase and stockpile major agricultural products to build up reserves of grain, cotton, edible oil and pork, and strengthen regulation of the farm products market.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)二要較大幅度提高糧食最低收購價(jià)，保持農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格合理水平，提高種糧農(nóng)民積極性。今年小麥、稻谷最低收購價(jià)平均每斤分別提高０．１１元和０．１３元。適時(shí)啟動(dòng)主要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)政策，增加糧食、棉花、食用植物油和豬肉儲(chǔ)備，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)調(diào)控。

Third, we will further increase agricultural subsidies.Central government funding for these subsidies will total 123 billion yuan, an increase of 20 billion yuan over last year.Direct subsidies to grain producers will continue to increase.We will increase subsidies for the use of superior seed varieties, raise subsidy levels, make subsidies available to all rice, wheat, corn and cotton growers, extend them more widely to canola and soybean farmers, and start to subsidize tea-oil tree planting.The central government will spend 13 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of nine billion yuan, on subsidies to all agricultural and pastoral counties(farms)throughout the country for purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We will promptly increase general subsidies for agricultural supplies to coordinate with price rises and changes in the acreage planted in various crops.三要進(jìn)一步增加農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼。中央財(cái)政擬安排補(bǔ)貼資金１２３０億元，比上年增加２００億元。繼續(xù)增加糧食直補(bǔ)。加大良種補(bǔ)貼力度，提高補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，實(shí)現(xiàn)水稻、小麥、玉米、棉花全覆蓋，擴(kuò)大油菜和大豆良種補(bǔ)貼范圍，實(shí)施油茶良種補(bǔ)貼。農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼覆蓋到全國所有農(nóng)牧業(yè)縣（場(chǎng)），中央財(cái)政擬安排資金１３０億元，比上年增加９０億元。根據(jù)農(nóng)資價(jià)格上漲幅度和農(nóng)作物播種面積，及時(shí)增加農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼。

Fourth, we will speed up development of a new system under which various sectors of society provide services for agriculture.We will increase spending on agricultural science and technology, intensify efforts to expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology and become better able to provide agriculture-related technical services.We will improve public service agencies charged with promoting application of agricultural technologies, preventing and controlling animal and plant epidemics, and monitoring the quality of agricultural products at the local level.We will support supply and marketing cooperatives, specialized farmer cooperatives and pacesetting enterprises in providing diverse production and operation services.四要加快新型農(nóng)業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。加大農(nóng)業(yè)科技投入，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新成果推廣和服務(wù)能力建設(shè)。健全基層農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、動(dòng)植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)，支持供銷合作社、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社、龍頭企業(yè)等提供多種形式的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)服務(wù)。

Fifth, we will stabilize and improve the basic rural operation system.We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come, and enhance and better protect the land contract and management rights enjoyed by rural residents, including migrant workers who are away from their home 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)villages.The transfer of land use rights must occur on a compensated, voluntary basis and be conducted in accordance with the law.We will adhere to and apply the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing on the use of land, and do everything in our power to keep the total amount of arable land above the red line of 120 million hectares.Reform of the system of collective forest rights will move forward.Overall rural reform will be deepened.We will accelerate reform of town and township government departments and work actively yet prudently to ease the debts of townships and villages.五要穩(wěn)定完善農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度。現(xiàn)有土地承包關(guān)系要保持穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變，賦予農(nóng)民包括離鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)。土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)必須堅(jiān)持依法自愿有償?shù)脑瓌t。堅(jiān)持和落實(shí)最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度和最嚴(yán)格的節(jié)約用地制度，嚴(yán)守１８億畝耕地紅線不動(dòng)搖。推進(jìn)集體林權(quán)制度改革。深化農(nóng)村綜合改革。加快鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。積極穩(wěn)妥化解鄉(xiāng)村債務(wù)。

4.Accelerating transformation of the pattern of development and energetically promoting strategic economic restructuring

（四）加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式，大力推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整

This year we will focus on improving industrial restructuring in order to maintain economic growth and promote industrial upgrading.今年要圍繞保增長(zhǎng)、促升級(jí)，重點(diǎn)抓好產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。

First, we will conscientiously implement plans for adjusting and invigorating key industries such as the automobile, steel, shipbuilding, petrochemical, textile, nonferrous metals, equipment manufacturing, information technology, modern logistics, and light industries.We will carry out industrial restructuring and upgrading to resolve the prominent problems and conflicts that hinder their development.一是認(rèn)真實(shí)施汽車、鋼鐵、造船、石化、輕工、紡織、有色金屬、裝備制造、電子信息、現(xiàn)代物流等重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整和振興規(guī)劃。著力解決這些行業(yè)發(fā)展中存在的突出矛盾和問題，推進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和優(yōu)化升級(jí)。

Second, we will energetically adjust the structure of enterprises and carry out mergers and reorganizations.We will support superior enterprises in acquiring ones that are backward or have financial difficulties.We will encourage well-established enterprises to work with each other, and upstream and downstream enterprises to integrate their operations in order to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation.二是大力推進(jìn)企業(yè)組織結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和兼并重組，支持優(yōu)勢(shì)企業(yè)并購落后企業(yè)和困難企業(yè)，鼓勵(lì)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合和上下游一體化經(jīng)營(yíng)，提高產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度和資源配置效率。2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

Third, we will take more effective measures to support development of small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly implement financial support policies, improve the financing guarantee system, streamline loan procedures, and increase the scale of loans.Central government funding for supporting the development of small and medium-sized enterprises will increase from 3.9 billion yuan to 9.6 billion yuan.We will continue to implement preferential tax policies to encourage small and medium-sized enterprises to make scientific and technological innovations, upgrade their technology, and create more jobs.We will improve the system under which various sectors of society provide services for small and medium-sized enterprises.三是采取更加有力的措施扶持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展。抓緊落實(shí)金融支持政策，健全融資擔(dān)保體系，簡(jiǎn)化貸款程序，增加貸款規(guī)模。中央財(cái)政中小企業(yè)發(fā)展資金從３９億元增加到９６億元。繼續(xù)實(shí)行鼓勵(lì)中小企業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新、技術(shù)改造、增加就業(yè)的稅收優(yōu)惠政策。健全中小企業(yè)社會(huì)化服務(wù)體系。

Fourth, we will actively support enterprises in accelerating technological upgrading and develop innovation-based enterprises.The central government will allocate 20 billion yuan, mainly in interest subsidies, to support technological upgrading in enterprises.We will encourage enterprises to apply new technologies, new production processes, new equipment and new materials so that they can adapt to market changes, develop more readily marketable products, undertake product innovation, and improve their product quality and the level of production and business operations.四是積極支持企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造，建設(shè)創(chuàng)新型企業(yè)。中央財(cái)政擬安排２００億元專項(xiàng)資金，主要用貼息方式支持企業(yè)技術(shù)改造。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)應(yīng)用新技術(shù)、新工藝、新設(shè)備、新材料，適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)變化，開發(fā)適銷對(duì)路產(chǎn)品，推進(jìn)產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)水平。

Fifth, we will accelerate development of modern service industries.We will promote development of the banking, insurance, modern logistics, consulting, software and creative industries, and develop new types of services.We will upgrade traditional service industries.五是加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)。促進(jìn)金融保險(xiǎn)、現(xiàn)代物流、信息咨詢、軟件和創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展，拓展新興服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。提升傳統(tǒng)服務(wù)業(yè)。

We will vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation.We will integrate making technological innovation with boosting domestic demand, maintaining economic growth, making structural adjustments and raising the level of development.This year the central government will allocate 146.1 billion yuan to the science and technology sector, up 25.6% from last year.2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)大力推進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新。科技創(chuàng)新要與擴(kuò)內(nèi)需、促增長(zhǎng)，調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、上水平緊密結(jié)合起來。今年中央財(cái)政科技投入１４６１億元，增長(zhǎng)２５．６％。

First, we need to speed up implementation of the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, particularly, implementation of major science and technology projects.We will select and launch a number of projects that give strong impetus to scientific and technological development, have a widespread impact, and yield quick results, in order to quickly make breakthroughs in core and key generic technologies that can stimulate the transformation of industries and technological upgrading, and support invigoration of industries and long-term economic development.一要加快實(shí)施國家中長(zhǎng)期科技發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，特別是科技重大專項(xiàng)。選擇一些帶動(dòng)力強(qiáng)、影響面大、見效快的項(xiàng)目抓緊開展工作，爭(zhēng)取盡快突破一批核心技術(shù)和關(guān)鍵共性技術(shù)，帶動(dòng)產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型和技術(shù)升級(jí)，支撐產(chǎn)業(yè)振興和經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展。

Second, we need to deepen reform of the science and technology management system.We will get enterprises to play a key role in technological innovation, and encourage more scientists and engineers to work on the frontlines of economic development spreading technologies, doing product R&D, and starting technology based enterprises.We will get enterprises, universities, and research institutes to work more closely together to accelerate the application of scientific and technological advances in production.二要深化科技體制改革，發(fā)揮企業(yè)在技術(shù)創(chuàng)新中的主體作用。動(dòng)員更多科技人員投身經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)第一線，推廣技術(shù)、研發(fā)產(chǎn)品、創(chuàng)辦科技型企業(yè)。推進(jìn)產(chǎn)學(xué)研結(jié)合，加快科技成果向現(xiàn)實(shí)生產(chǎn)力轉(zhuǎn)化。

Third, we will make the equipment manufacturing industry stronger and larger.We will implement the project to increase self-sufficiency in doing R&D on manufacturing major equipment and implement a related system of government procurement.We will vigorously develop manufacturing of complete sets of major equipment, high-tech equipment and equipment needed in high-tech industries, raise the level of integrated innovation and make greater use of domestic components in the equipment manufacturing industry.三要做強(qiáng)做大裝備制造業(yè)。落實(shí)自主研發(fā)重大裝備國內(nèi)依托工程和政府采購制度，著力發(fā)展重大成套設(shè)備、高技術(shù)裝備和高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)所需裝備，提高裝備制造業(yè)集成創(chuàng)新和國產(chǎn)化水平。

Fourth, we will support and promote R&D on technologies in new energy sources, biology, medicine, third generation mobile communications, the integration of telecommunications networks, cable TV networks and the Internet, energy conservation and environmental protection, and their industrial application.We will 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)develop clusters of new-and high-tech industries, and create new areas of demand in society.四要支持和推進(jìn)新能源、生物、醫(yī)藥、第三代移動(dòng)通信、三網(wǎng)融合、節(jié)能環(huán)保等技術(shù)研發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化，發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)群，創(chuàng)造新的社會(huì)需求。

Fifth, we will continue to implement the strategy of reinvigorating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through human resources development and the intellectual property rights strategy.We will continue to develop the national innovation system, intensify basic research and research in leading-edge technologies, and accelerate development of major infrastructure facilities and public platforms for science and technology.We will work vigorously to bring in high-caliber personnel and intellectual resources from overseas and intensify the training of all types of personnel.We will become better able to create, utilize, protect and manage intellectual property rights.五要繼續(xù)實(shí)施科教興國戰(zhàn)略、人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)和前沿技術(shù)研究，加快重大科技基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公用平臺(tái)建設(shè)。積極引進(jìn)海外高層次人才和智力，加強(qiáng)各類人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。提高知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)創(chuàng)造、運(yùn)用、保護(hù)和管理水平。

We will work tirelessly to save energy, reduce emissions, preserve the ecosystems, and protect the environment.毫不松懈地加強(qiáng)節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)環(huán)保工作。

First, we will emphasize energy conservation in the three key areas of industry, transportation and construction;continue work on the ten major energy conservation projects;and implement energy-conserving measures for power generators, boilers, automobiles, air-conditioners and lighting products.一是突出抓好工業(yè)、交通、建筑三大領(lǐng)域節(jié)能，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)十大重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程建設(shè)，落實(shí)電機(jī)、鍋爐、汽車、空調(diào)、照明等方面的節(jié)能措施。

Second, we will energetically develop a circular economy and clean energy.We will steadfastly save energy, water and land.We will vigorously develop clean energy such as nuclear, hydraulic, wind, and solar power.We will promote the adaptation of clean coal technology for industrial application.We will strictly enforce national standards for energy consumption and environmental protection, increase the use of energy-conserving technologies and products, and promote comprehensive utilization of resources.二是大力發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和清潔能源。堅(jiān)持節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié)地。積極發(fā)展核電、水電、風(fēng)電、太陽能發(fā)電等清潔能源。推進(jìn)潔凈煤技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行能耗和環(huán) 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)保國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加大節(jié)能技術(shù)和產(chǎn)品推廣應(yīng)用力度，加強(qiáng)資源綜合利用。

Third, we will improve our policies for conserving energy and protecting the environment, and strictly enforce the system of standards, assessment system and monitoring system for energy conservation and emissions reduction.三是健全節(jié)能環(huán)保各項(xiàng)政策，按照節(jié)能減排指標(biāo)體系、考核體系、監(jiān)測(cè)體系，狠抓落實(shí)。

Fourth, we will launch a nationwide campaign on the importance of energy conservation and emissions reduction, in which state organs and government-affiliated enterprises and institutions need to play an exemplary role.四是開展全民節(jié)能減排行動(dòng)，國家機(jī)關(guān)、公共企事業(yè)單位要發(fā)揮表率作用。

Fifth, we will continue to intensify pollution prevention and control in key river valleys and regions;control the spread of stony deserts and desertification;carry out ecological conservation projects to build key forest shelterbelts, protect virgin forests, and bring the sources of dust storms affecting Beijing and Tianjin under control;and protect water, forests, grasslands, wetlands and other elements of the ecosystems.We will comprehensively improve the rural environment.We will rectify and standardize order in the exploitation of mineral resources and develop and use marine resources wisely.五是繼續(xù)強(qiáng)化重點(diǎn)流域、區(qū)域污染防治，加強(qiáng)石漠化、荒漠化治理，實(shí)施重點(diǎn)防護(hù)林、天然林保護(hù)和京津風(fēng)沙源治理等生態(tài)建設(shè)工程，保護(hù)水、森林、草原、濕地等生態(tài)環(huán)境。推進(jìn)農(nóng)村環(huán)境綜合整治。整頓規(guī)范礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)秩序。合理開發(fā)利用海洋資源。

Sixth, we will implement the national plan for addressing climate change and become better able to respond to it.We will intensify basic research in meteorology, earthquake science, disaster prevention and mitigation, and surveying and mapping and strengthen these areas.六是實(shí)施應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國家方案，提高應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力。加強(qiáng)氣象、地震、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)、測(cè)繪基礎(chǔ)研究和能力建設(shè)。

We will comprehensively improve product quality and enhance workplace safety.This year we will launch a campaign to rectify and standardize order in the market and carry out the Quality and Safety Year campaign, which requires all industries and sectors to strengthen quality and safety supervision of all personnel and all processes in all areas.We will further tighten oversight and supervision of workplace safety in key industries and resolutely prevent serious and major accidents.We will make intensive efforts to improve food and drug safety, and improve and strictly enforce 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)standards for product quality and safety.We will implement strict market access rules and product trace ability and recall systems so that the people buy food and drugs with confidence and consume them with satisfaction.全面提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和安全生產(chǎn)水平。今年要在全國開展整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序?qū)ｍ?xiàng)行動(dòng)以及“質(zhì)量和安全年”活動(dòng)，各行各業(yè)都要加強(qiáng)全員、全過程、全方位質(zhì)量和安全管理。進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化重點(diǎn)行業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)監(jiān)管，堅(jiān)決遏制重特大安全事故發(fā)生。深入開展食品藥品安全專項(xiàng)整治，健全并嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。實(shí)行嚴(yán)格的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入制度和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量追溯制度、召回制度。要讓人民群眾買得放心、吃得安心、用得舒心。

We will continue to implement the overall regional development strategy of promoting the large-scale development of the western region, reinvigorating northeast China and other old industrial bases, energizing development of the central region, and getting the eastern region to take the lead in development, and promote balanced development among regions.We will encourage all regions to work on the basis of local conditions, make full use of their advantages, and find a new path for development in response to the shock of external events.The eastern region needs to vigorously open up international markets, stabilize exports, and develop advanced manufacturing, modern services and new-and high-tech industries.It needs to accelerate industrial upgrading and institutional innovation, foster new areas of economic growth, create new advantages for participating in international cooperation and competition, and raise its capability for sustainable development.Special economic zones, the Pudong New Area in Shanghai and the Binhai New Area in Tianjin need to continue to take the lead in reform and opening up.We will increase support to the central and western regions and northeast China to improve their weak links in development.To remove bottlenecks in these regions, we will increase spending on infrastructure, ecological conservation and environmental protection, launch a number of key transportation and water conservancy projects, and accelerate development of a number of grain, energy, raw materials and equipment manufacturing bases that have distinctive local features and special advantages.We will accelerate development of key areas on a priority basis.We will promote the transformation of the economies of cities once dependent on now-depleted mineral resources in these regions.We will promptly formulate specific policies to encourage industries to relocate to the central and western regions, and formulate and implement a national plan for development priority zones.We will fully support the development of old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas.繼續(xù)實(shí)施西部大開發(fā)、東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地振興、中部地區(qū)崛起、東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展的區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。鼓勵(lì)各地從實(shí)際出發(fā)，充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢(shì)，在應(yīng)對(duì)外部沖擊中闖出發(fā)展新路。東部地區(qū)要大力開拓國際市場(chǎng)，穩(wěn)定出口，著力發(fā)展先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)和體制創(chuàng)新，培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)，形成參與國際合作競(jìng)爭(zhēng)新優(yōu)勢(shì)，增強(qiáng)更高水平上的可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力。經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)要繼續(xù)當(dāng)好

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)改革開放排頭兵。進(jìn)一步支持中西部和東北地區(qū)加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，以消除瓶頸制約為重點(diǎn)，加大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)投資力度，新開工一批交通、水利重點(diǎn)工程，加快建設(shè)一批糧食、能源原材料、裝備制造等優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)基地和特色產(chǎn)業(yè)基地，加快重點(diǎn)地區(qū)優(yōu)先開發(fā)，促進(jìn)礦產(chǎn)資源枯竭型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。抓緊研究制定中西部地區(qū)承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移的具體政策。制定和實(shí)施全國主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃。大力扶持革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展。

5.Continuing to deepen reform and opening up, and further improving systems and mechanisms conducive to developing in a scientific manner

（五）繼續(xù)深化改革開放，進(jìn)一步完善有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制

Reform and opening up provide an inexhaustible driving force for economic and social development.We will unswervingly carry out reform and opening up, resolve thorny problems hindering development by deepening reform, and obtain opportunities for development as China opens wider to the outside world.改革開放是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的不竭動(dòng)力。我們將堅(jiān)持改革開放不動(dòng)搖，通過深化改革破解發(fā)展難題，在擴(kuò)大開放中贏得發(fā)展機(jī)遇。

We will move ahead with price reform for resource products.We will continue to deepen reform of power prices and gradually improve the mechanism for determining rates for putting power on the grid, transmitting and distributing power, and selling power, and balance the prices of coal and power in a timely fashion.We will press ahead with reform of water prices, gradually increase the price of water for non-farming purposes supplied from water projects, and improve the system for collecting and managing water resource fees.We will accelerate the establishment of sound systems for paying for the use of mineral resources and for compensating for ecological damage, and actively carry out trade in pollution rights on a trial basis.推進(jìn)資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格改革。繼續(xù)深化電價(jià)改革，逐步完善上網(wǎng)電價(jià)、輸配電價(jià)和銷售電價(jià)形成機(jī)制，適時(shí)理順煤電價(jià)格關(guān)系。積極推進(jìn)水價(jià)改革，逐步提高水利工程供非農(nóng)業(yè)用水價(jià)格，完善水資源費(fèi)征收管理體制。加快建立健全礦產(chǎn)資源有償使用制度和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，積極開展排污權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。

We will carry forward reform of the fiscal and taxation systems.We will comprehensively institute VAT reforms.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges from Chinese to foreign enterprises and citizens.We will reform and improve the system of resource taxes.We will carry out reform of the taxation system for the real estate industry.We will continue to bring order to administrative fees and government-managed funds and further standardize their management.We will deepen reform of the budgetary system to better coordinate the budget for the government's public expenditures, budget for use of state capital, budget for government-managed funds, and budget for social security

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)programs and vigorously promote greater openness in budgetary work.We will improve the transfer payment system.We will promote the reform to place county public finances directly under the management of provincial governments.推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革。全面實(shí)施增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型改革。統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)和個(gè)人城建稅、教育費(fèi)附加等制度。改革完善資源稅制度。研究推進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)稅制改革。繼續(xù)清理行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)和政府性基金，加強(qiáng)規(guī)范管理。深化預(yù)算制度改革，實(shí)現(xiàn)政府公共預(yù)算、國有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算、政府性基金預(yù)算和社會(huì)保障預(yù)算的有機(jī)銜接，積極推進(jìn)預(yù)算公開。完善財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度。推進(jìn)省直管縣財(cái)政管理方式改革。

We will carry forward reform of the financial system.We will deepen the reform of state-owned financial institutions, and steadily develop small and medium-sized financial enterprises under multiple forms of ownership and new types of rural financial institutions.We will actively encourage healthy development of informal financing.We will continue to carry out reform of capital markets, and stabilize stock markets.We will develop and standardize the bond market, and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance sector to make the most of its guarantee and financing functions.We will carry forward market-based reform of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime, and keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.We will strengthen the mechanism for coordinating oversight and supervision in the financial sector.推進(jìn)金融體制改革。深化國有金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革。穩(wěn)步發(fā)展多種所有制中小金融企業(yè)和新型農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)。積極引導(dǎo)民間融資健康發(fā)展。推進(jìn)資本市場(chǎng)改革，維護(hù)股票市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定。發(fā)展和規(guī)范債券市場(chǎng)。穩(wěn)步發(fā)展期貨市場(chǎng)。深化保險(xiǎn)業(yè)改革，積極發(fā)揮保險(xiǎn)保障和融資功能。推進(jìn)利率市場(chǎng)化改革。完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，保持人民幣匯率在合理均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。健全金融監(jiān)管協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制。

We will carry forward reform of state-owned enterprises and support the development of the non-public sector of the economy.We will deepen the reform to introduce corporate and shareholding systems in large state-owned enterprises and establish a sound modern corporate structure.We will accelerate reform of the railway, power and salt industries, improve the administrative systems of the civil aviation and telecommunications industries, and formulate and introduce complementary policies for regulating reform of the telecommunications system.We will encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public sector.We will implement all the policies for relaxing controls over market access and energetically support the involvement of private capital in SOE reform and its entry into such areas as infrastructure, public utilities, financial services and social programs.推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)改革和支持非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。深化國有大型企業(yè)公司制、股份制改革，建立健全現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。加快鐵路、電力、鹽業(yè)等行業(yè)改革。完善民航、電信管理體制，制定出臺(tái)電信體制改革配套監(jiān)管政策。鼓勵(lì)、支持和引導(dǎo)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。落實(shí)放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入的各項(xiàng)政策，積極支持民間資本參與國有企

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)業(yè)改革，進(jìn)入基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、公用事業(yè)、金融服務(wù)和社會(huì)事業(yè)等領(lǐng)域。

We will accelerate institutional reform in local governments and move forward with the reform of government-affiliated institutions.加快地方政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革。推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位改革。

We will strive to ensure steady growth in foreign trade.While stressing the importance of boosting domestic demand, we must not slacken efforts to promote export.In the face of the serious situation of a sharp decline in external demand and growing trade protectionism, we will straighten out and adjust our foreign trade policies and increase our support for import and export.We will continue to diversify our export markets and compete on quality, enhance traditional export markets, and energetically open up new markets.努力保持對(duì)外貿(mào)易穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。我們強(qiáng)調(diào)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需，絕不能放松出口。面對(duì)外部需求急劇萎縮、貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義抬頭的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)，要清理和調(diào)整外貿(mào)政策，加大對(duì)進(jìn)出口工作的支持力度。堅(jiān)持出口市場(chǎng)多元化和以質(zhì)取勝戰(zhàn)略，鞏固傳統(tǒng)出口市場(chǎng)，大力開拓新興市場(chǎng)。

First, we will fully employ internationally accepted fiscal and taxation policies to support our export.We will increase the Foreign Trade Development Fund to an appropriate extent, focusing on cultivating brand-name export products and supporting small and medium-sized enterprises in expanding their international markets.一是充分運(yùn)用國際通行的財(cái)稅政策支持出口；適度擴(kuò)大外貿(mào)發(fā)展基金規(guī)模，重點(diǎn)支持中小企業(yè)開拓國際市場(chǎng)和培育出口品牌。

Second, we will improve our financial services for importing and exporting.We will expand the coverage of export credit insurance, and encourage financial institutions to develop export credit.We need to make innovations in financing guarantees for export enterprises.二是改善對(duì)進(jìn)出口的金融服務(wù)。擴(kuò)大出口信用保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面；鼓勵(lì)金融機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展出口信貸；創(chuàng)新出口企業(yè)融資擔(dān)保方式。

Third, we will steadily carry out upgrading of processing trade.We will improve the climate for developing it, and adjust the list of commodities whose processing is classified as prohibited or subject to restrictions.We will encourage the relocation of export processing industries to the central and western regions.三是穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。改善加工貿(mào)易發(fā)展環(huán)境，調(diào)整加工貿(mào)易禁止類和限制類目錄；鼓勵(lì)出口加工業(yè)向中西部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移。

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

Fourth, we will promptly improve policies and measures to encourage development of trade in services and energetically develop the outsourcing of international services to China.四是抓緊完善鼓勵(lì)服務(wù)貿(mào)易的政策措施；大力發(fā)展國際服務(wù)外包。

Fifth, we will strive to expand imports, focusing on introducing advanced technology and equipment and increasing imports of key spare parts and components, and important energy sources, resources and raw materials.五是努力擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口。重點(diǎn)引進(jìn)先進(jìn)技術(shù)裝備，增加關(guān)鍵零部件元器件、重要能源資源和原材料進(jìn)口。

Sixth, we will improve the level of trade facilitation.We will improve supervision and service in customs, quality inspections and foreign exchange and intensify the development of border ports.六是提高貿(mào)易便利化水平。優(yōu)化海關(guān)、質(zhì)檢、外匯等方面監(jiān)管和服務(wù)；加強(qiáng)邊境口岸建設(shè)。

Seventh, we will work for a favorable international environment for trade and economic cooperation.We will vigorously promote the Doha round of trade talks, accelerate implementation of the strategy of free trade zones, and properly handle trade frictions.七是營(yíng)造良好的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)環(huán)境。積極推動(dòng)多哈回合談判；加快實(shí)施自由貿(mào)易區(qū)戰(zhàn)略；妥善應(yīng)對(duì)貿(mào)易摩擦。

We will promote balanced development between foreign investment in China and Chinese investment overseas.We will keep the size of foreign investment in China steady and encourage more foreign investment in new-and high-tech industries, advanced manufacturing, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries, and modern service industries.We will further straighten out and standardize administrative fees for foreign-investment projects and the criteria for evaluating them.We will upgrade national development zones in the central and western regions and improve the opening of our border areas to the outside world.We will continue to implement the “go global” strategy, support all kinds of competent Chinese enterprises in investing overseas and undertaking international mergers and acquisitions, and encourage large enterprises to play a leading role in implementing the “go global” strategy.We will vigorously promote the establishment of trade and economic cooperation zones, joint exploitation of resources, undertaking of contracted projects and labor service cooperation in other countries.We will increase financial support for enterprises engaged in overseas investment and economic

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)cooperation, and expand channels for investment in other countries.We will expand the scope of the registration system for Chinese investment overseas, and strengthen risk control and supervision of enterprises' overseas investments.推動(dòng)利用外資和對(duì)外投資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。穩(wěn)定利用外資規(guī)模，引導(dǎo)外資投向高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、先進(jìn)制造業(yè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)。進(jìn)一步清理和規(guī)范涉及外商投資的行政收費(fèi)和檢查事項(xiàng)。提升中西部國家級(jí)開發(fā)區(qū)發(fā)展水平和沿邊開放水平。繼續(xù)實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略。支持各類有條件的企業(yè)對(duì)外投資和開展跨國并購，充分發(fā)揮大型企業(yè)在“走出去”中的主力軍作用。積極推進(jìn)境外經(jīng)貿(mào)合作區(qū)建設(shè)。發(fā)展境外資源合作開發(fā)、工程承包和勞務(wù)合作。加強(qiáng)企業(yè)對(duì)外投資合作的金融支持，拓寬對(duì)外投資渠道。擴(kuò)大境外投資備案登記制范圍。加強(qiáng)企業(yè)對(duì)外投資的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制和監(jiān)管。

6.Energetically developing social programs and vigorously ensuring and improving the well-being of the people

（六）大力發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)，著力保障和改善民生

This year we will concentrate on accomplishing major tasks that are urgently needed in economic and social development and directly related to the vital interests of the people to improve their well-being.今年要集中力量辦一些經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展急需、關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益的大事實(shí)事，讓人民群眾得到更多實(shí)惠。

We will do everything in our power to stimulate employment.We will make full use of the role of the service sector, labor-intensive industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, and the non-public sector of the economy in creating jobs.We will implement a more proactive employment policy, and the central government will allocate 42 billion yuan for this purpose.千方百計(jì)促進(jìn)就業(yè)。充分發(fā)揮服務(wù)業(yè)、勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)、中小企業(yè)、非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)在吸納就業(yè)中的作用。實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策，中央財(cái)政擬投入４２０億元資金。

First, we will give high priority to facilitating the employment of university graduates.Graduates who take jobs in public administration and public services at the community level in urban and rural areas will receive social security benefits and position subsidies.Those who either take jobs in villages or enlist in the army will receive tuition reimbursement and have their student loans forgiven.We will encourage institutions of higher learning, research institutes and enterprises undertaking key research projects to recruit qualified university graduates to do research work.Enterprises recruiting such graduates will receive relevant employment policy support from the government.We will speed up the establishment of startup

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)industrial parks and incubation bases that require less investment and yield quicker results where college graduates can start their own businesses.一是把促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)放在突出位置。高校畢業(yè)生到城鄉(xiāng)基層社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)崗位就業(yè)，給予社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)和崗位補(bǔ)貼；到農(nóng)村基層服務(wù)和參軍入伍，給予學(xué)費(fèi)補(bǔ)償和代償助學(xué)貸款。鼓勵(lì)承擔(dān)重點(diǎn)科研項(xiàng)目的高校、科研院所和企業(yè)吸納符合條件的畢業(yè)生從事科研工作。企業(yè)吸納符合條件的高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)，可按規(guī)定享受相關(guān)就業(yè)扶持政策。加快建設(shè)一批投資少、見效快的大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)園或創(chuàng)業(yè)孵化基地。

Second, we will expand employment opportunities for rural migrant workers in cities while stabilizing their existing jobs.We will stimulate their employment through government investment and the launch of major projects.We will encourage and help enterprises that are in a difficult situation to prevent layoffs by renegotiating wage levels with their employees, adopting flexible employment and work hours, or providing job training for them.We will increase the export of organized labor services and guide the orderly flow of rural migrant workers.We will arrange for those that have returned to their home villages to take part in the construction of local public facilities.二是廣開農(nóng)民工就業(yè)門路和穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)有就業(yè)崗位。要發(fā)揮政府投資和重大項(xiàng)目建設(shè)帶動(dòng)農(nóng)民工就業(yè)的作用。鼓勵(lì)和支持困難企業(yè)與員工協(xié)商薪酬，采取靈活用工、彈性工時(shí)、技能培訓(xùn)等辦法，盡量不裁員。加強(qiáng)有組織的勞務(wù)輸出，引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民工有序流動(dòng)。組織返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工參與農(nóng)村公共設(shè)施建設(shè)。

Third, we will help urban residents experiencing difficulty finding work, members of zero-employment households and workers in disaster-stricken areas find jobs.We will create more public-service jobs.三是幫助城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)困難人員、零就業(yè)家庭和災(zāi)區(qū)勞動(dòng)力就業(yè)。進(jìn)一步開辟公益性就業(yè)崗位。

Fourth, we will vigorously support individuals in starting their own businesses or finding jobs on their own, thus expanding employment by creating new businesses.We will adopt facilitating and preferential policies concerning market access, taxation, financing and land use to encourage more workers to become entrepreneurs.We will further lower the barrier for individuals, including rural migrant workers who have returned to their home villages, to start their own businesses and lend them more support in this area.四是大力支持自主創(chuàng)業(yè)、自謀職業(yè)，促進(jìn)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。在市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入、財(cái)稅金融、經(jīng)營(yíng)用地等方面提供便利和優(yōu)惠，鼓勵(lì)更多勞動(dòng)者成為創(chuàng)業(yè)者。對(duì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)、農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)要進(jìn)一步降低門檻，給予更大支持。

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)Fifth, we will further improve public services for employment.We will improve the release of employment information and provide more effective career and employment guidance.We will vigorously develop vocational training.We will increase policy support for skills training for rural migrant workers and urban residents experiencing employment difficulty.五是進(jìn)一步改善對(duì)就業(yè)的公共服務(wù)。加強(qiáng)就業(yè)信息發(fā)布、職業(yè)介紹和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)工作。大力開展職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。加大對(duì)就業(yè)困難人員和農(nóng)民工職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)的政策扶持。

We will move faster to improve the social safety net.加快完善社會(huì)保障體系。

First, we will press ahead with institutional development.We will improve the basic old-age insurance system, continue to carryout the pilot projects to fully fund personal accounts for old-age insurance, and comprehensively carry out planning at the provincial level.We will formulate and implement a method for old-age pensions for rural migrant workers.The pilot projects for establishing a new type of old-age insurance system for rural residents will cover approximately 10% of the counties and county-level cities in the country.We will introduce a method for transferring old-age pension accounts for workers moving from one region to another, and improve the systems of unemployment, workers' compensation, and maternity insurance.We will improve the urban and rural social assistance systems.一是推進(jìn)制度建設(shè)。完善基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度，繼續(xù)開展做實(shí)個(gè)人賬戶試點(diǎn)，全面推進(jìn)省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌。制定實(shí)施農(nóng)民工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)辦法。新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)要覆蓋全國１０％左右的縣（市）。出臺(tái)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法。完善失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險(xiǎn)制度。健全城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助制度。

Second, we will expand coverage of social security programs, focusing on coverage for employees in the non-public sector, rural migrant workers, farmers whose land was expropriated, people with flexible employment arrangements and freelancers.All rural residents entitled to cost of living allowances will receive them.We will increase funding for the national social safety net through multiple channels.We will strengthen supervision of social security funds to ensure their safety.二是擴(kuò)大社會(huì)保障覆蓋范圍。重點(diǎn)做好非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)從業(yè)人員、農(nóng)民工、被征地農(nóng)民、靈活就業(yè)人員和自由職業(yè)者參保工作。農(nóng)村低保要做到應(yīng)保盡保。多渠道增加全國社會(huì)保障基金。切實(shí)加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障基金監(jiān)管，保證基金安全。

Third, we will increase social security benefits.We will continue to raise the basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by an annual average of about 10% per person for the next two years.We will continue to increase unemployment insurance

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)benefits and workers' compensation.We will extend greater financial support to both urban and rural recipients of cost of living allowances and to childless and infirm rural residents who receive subsidies for food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses, and increase subsidies and living allowances to members of entitled groups.We will vigorously develop social welfare and charity programs.The central government plans to spend 293 billion yuan on the social safety net this year, up 17.6% or 43.9 billion yuan over the estimated figure for last year.Local governments will also increase funding in this area.三是提高社會(huì)保障待遇。今明兩年繼續(xù)提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，人均每年增長(zhǎng)１０％左右。繼續(xù)提高失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)金和工傷保險(xiǎn)金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。進(jìn)一步提高城鄉(xiāng)低保、農(nóng)村五保等保障水平，提高優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤和生活補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。大力發(fā)展社會(huì)福利事業(yè)和慈善事業(yè)。中央財(cái)政擬投入社會(huì)保障資金２９３０億元，比上年預(yù)計(jì)數(shù)增加４３９億元，增長(zhǎng)１７．６％。地方財(cái)政也要加大投入。

We will continue to give priority to developing education.This year we will formulate the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development to make comprehensive arrangements for education reform and development in China through 2020.This year, we need to focus on the following five areas.堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育事業(yè)。今年要研究制定國家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，對(duì)２０２０年前我國教育改革發(fā)展作出全面部署。年內(nèi)要重點(diǎn)抓好五個(gè)方面。

First, we will promote fairness in education.We will implement free compulsory education policies for both urban and rural areas well.We will increase public expenditures on rural compulsory education to 300 yuan per primary school student and 500 yuan per junior secondary school student.We will progressively ensure that children of rural migrant workers have access to free compulsory education in the places where their families have relocated.We will increase living allowances for rural students receiving compulsory education who come from poor families and stay in school dormitories.We will strive to basically clear the debts incurred in providing nine-year compulsory education in rural areas within three years.We will improve the national financial aid system for students and increase financial aid for secondary vocational school and university students from poor families to ensure that everyone enjoys equal opportunity to receive education and that no child is denied schooling due to financial difficulties.一是促進(jìn)教育公平。落實(shí)好城鄉(xiāng)免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育政策。提高農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育公用經(jīng)費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，把小學(xué)、初中學(xué)生人均公用經(jīng)費(fèi)分別提高到３００元和５００元。逐步解決農(nóng)民工子女在輸入地免費(fèi)接受義務(wù)教育問題。增加農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生的生活補(bǔ)助。爭(zhēng)取三年內(nèi)基本解決農(nóng)村“普九”債務(wù)問題。完善國家助學(xué)制度，加大對(duì)中等職業(yè)學(xué)校和高等院校家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的資助，確保人人享有平等的受教育機(jī)會(huì)，不讓一個(gè)孩子因家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而失學(xué)。

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

Second, we will optimize the education structure.We will energetically develop vocational education, with the focus on supporting rural secondary vocational education.We will gradually make secondary vocational education free, beginning this year with rural students from poor families and students studying agriculture-related subjects.We will continue to improve the quality of higher education, develop high-quality universities and key disciplines, and guide institutions of higher learning to adapt their specialties, curriculums and courses to meet the needs of the market and China's economic and social development.二是優(yōu)化教育結(jié)構(gòu)。大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育，特別要重點(diǎn)支持農(nóng)村中等職業(yè)教育。逐步實(shí)行中等職業(yè)教育免費(fèi)，今年先從農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生和涉農(nóng)專業(yè)做起。繼續(xù)提高高等教育質(zhì)量，推進(jìn)高水平大學(xué)和重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)，引導(dǎo)高等學(xué)校調(diào)整專業(yè)和課程設(shè)置，適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展需求。

Third, we will improve the quality of teachers.We will apply a performance-based salary system for teachers in compulsory education and raise salaries for the 12 million primary and secondary school teachers.The central government will spend 12 billion yuan and local governments will also increase funding for this purpose.We will step up training for all teachers, especially rural teachers, and encourage graduates from teachers colleges and other colleges and universities to teach at community and village schools.三是加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。對(duì)義務(wù)教育階段教師實(shí)行績(jī)效工資制度，提高１２００萬中小學(xué)教師待遇，中央財(cái)政為此將投入１２０億元，地方財(cái)政也要增加投入。全面加強(qiáng)教師特別是農(nóng)村教師培訓(xùn)，鼓勵(lì)大學(xué)生、師范生到基層、農(nóng)村任教。

Fourth, we will advance well-rounded education.Education of all types and at all levels must focus on promoting all-round development of students.Reform of curriculums, textbooks, teaching methods and examination and evaluation systems should be accelerated to relieve primary and secondary school students of their excessive study load so that they will have more time to think, practice and create.四是推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育。各級(jí)各類教育都要著眼于促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展，加快課程、教材、教育方法和考試評(píng)價(jià)制度改革，把中小學(xué)生從過重的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)中解放出來，讓學(xué)生有更多的時(shí)間思考、實(shí)踐、創(chuàng)造。

Fifth, we will implement a program to ensure that all primary and secondary school buildings are safe and promote standardization in the construction of rural primary and secondary schools.We will make school buildings places that are the safest and provide the greatest assurance to parents.五是實(shí)施全國中小學(xué)校舍安全工程，推進(jìn)農(nóng)村中小學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)。要把學(xué)校建成最安全、家長(zhǎng)最放心的地方。

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

We will carry forward pharmaceutical and health care reform and development.We will ensure that public medical and health care services serve the public good and fully arouse the initiative of health workers.We will work hard to establish a nationwide basic medical and health care system for both urban and rural areas to begin providing universal coverage.We will focus on the following five areas starting from this year.推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。要堅(jiān)持公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的公益性質(zhì)，充分調(diào)動(dòng)廣大醫(yī)務(wù)人員的積極性。努力建成覆蓋全國城鄉(xiāng)的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，初步實(shí)現(xiàn)人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。從今年開始，重點(diǎn)抓好以下五項(xiàng)工作。

First, we will develop a system that ensures basic medical care.Urban residents will be covered by basic medical insurance for urban workers or basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents, and rural residents will be covered by the new type of rural cooperative medical care system.We will ensure that these programs cover over 90% of those eligible within three years.The central government will provide appropriate subsidies for retirees from closed or bankrupt state-owned enterprises in financially strained regions to get such insurance.We will continue to raise the standard for financing and increase government subsidies for basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and the new type of rural cooperative medical care system, appropriately expand the scope of reimbursement and raise the proportion of costs reimbursed.We will improve urban and rural medical assistance programs and improve the level of assistance.一是推進(jìn)基本醫(yī)療保障制度建設(shè)。將全國城鄉(xiāng)居民分別納入城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)和新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度覆蓋范圍，三年內(nèi)參保率均提高到９０％以上。中央財(cái)政對(duì)困難地區(qū)關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)國有企業(yè)退休人員參保給予適當(dāng)補(bǔ)助。繼續(xù)提高城鎮(zhèn)居民醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合籌資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，適當(dāng)擴(kuò)大報(bào)銷范圍，提高報(bào)銷比例。完善城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助制度，提高救助水平。

Second, we will establish a national system for basic drugs.This year, we will formulate and promulgate a unified national basic drugs catalog and adopt policies concerning their production, distribution, pricing, use and insurance reimbursement in order to ease the burden on patients for the cost of basic drugs.二是建立國家基本藥物制度。今年要統(tǒng)一制定和發(fā)布國家基本藥物目錄，出臺(tái)基本藥物生產(chǎn)、流通、定價(jià)、使用和醫(yī)保報(bào)銷政策，減輕群眾看病就醫(yī)基本用藥費(fèi)用負(fù)擔(dān)。

Third, we will improve the community-level medical and health service system.This year, we will complete the building of 29,000health clinics in towns and townships supported by the plan.In the coming three years, the central government will allocate funds to support the building of another 5,000 central health clinics in towns and townships, 2,000 county-level hospitals and 2,400 community health

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)service centers in urban areas.We will support the construction of health care clinics in villages in remote regions and ensure that all incorporated villages have their own health care clinics.三是健全基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。今年要全面完成規(guī)劃支持的２．９萬所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院建設(shè)任務(wù)。今后三年內(nèi)中央財(cái)政再支持５０００所中心鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、２０００所縣級(jí)醫(yī)院和２４００所城市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心建設(shè)。支持邊遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)村衛(wèi)生室建設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)全國每個(gè)行政村都有衛(wèi)生室。

Fourth, we will steadily promote equal access for all to basic public health services.We will expand the scope of free public health services and ensure that the per capita public health service expenditure for both urban and rural residents is not less than 15 yuan, a level that will rise gradually in the future.We will appropriate more funds to prevent and control major communicable diseases, chronic and occupational diseases, and endemics.四是促進(jìn)基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)逐步均等化。擴(kuò)大免費(fèi)公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)范圍，城鄉(xiāng)居民人均公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)不低于１５元，以后逐步提高。增加重大傳染病、慢性病和職業(yè)病、地方病防治的專項(xiàng)投入。

Fifth, we will carry forward pilot reforms in public hospitals with the emphasis on reforms in their management system and their operation and oversight mechanisms.We will encourage every locality to seek effective ways to separate government administration from medical practice, management from operations, medical care from drugs, and for-profit from nonprofit operations.We will gradually eliminate the practice of hospitals subsidizing their medical services with drug sales and reform the mechanism of subsidizing public hospitals.We will encourage all localities to seek ways to establish a medical service pricing mechanism based on consultations among stakeholders and establish a system whereby relevant institutions, representatives of the general public, and experts oversee and evaluate the quality of medical services.We will give full play to traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities in disease prevention and control.Governments at all levels will allocate an additional 850 billion yuan in the next three years, including 331.8 billion yuan from the central government, to ensure smooth progress in the reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.Because this reform concerns the people's health-related rights and interests, we need to improve leadership, make plans and arrangements carefully, progress vigorously yet prudently, and effectively solve the problem of medical services being unaffordable and inadequate, in order to provide safe, effective, convenient and affordable medical and health care services for the people.五是推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)。重點(diǎn)改革管理體制、運(yùn)行機(jī)制和監(jiān)管機(jī)制。鼓勵(lì)各地探索政事分開、管辦分開、醫(yī)藥分開、營(yíng)利性和非營(yíng)利性分開的有效形式。逐步取消以藥補(bǔ)醫(yī)機(jī)制，推進(jìn)公立醫(yī)院補(bǔ)償機(jī)制改革。鼓勵(lì)各地探索建立醫(yī)療服

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)務(wù)由利益相關(guān)方參與協(xié)商的定價(jià)機(jī)制，建立由有關(guān)機(jī)構(gòu)、群眾代表和專家參與的質(zhì)量監(jiān)管和評(píng)價(jià)制度。要充分發(fā)揮中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥在防病治病中的重要作用。今后三年各級(jí)政府?dāng)M投入８５００億元，其中中央財(cái)政投入３３１８億元，以保證醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革的順利推進(jìn)。醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革事關(guān)人民群眾的健康權(quán)益，我們要加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、精心設(shè)計(jì)、認(rèn)真組織，積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)，切實(shí)解決看病貴、看病難問題，為人民群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價(jià)廉的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。

We will do our work related to population and family planning well and maintain a low birthrate.From this year on, we will introduce a policy in all rural areas to subsidize hospitalized childbirth, provide regular prenatal checkups and postpartum visits for women, and monitor the growth of infants and toddlers less than three years of age.We will intensify our efforts to prevent birth defects.We will increase the reward to rural women at or above the age of 60 who have complied with family planning regulations from 600 yuan to 720 yuan per person.We will improve services for and intensify management of the floating population and better protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will provide routine gynecological examinations for rural women.We will support and accelerate programs benefiting people with disabilities.We will continue to intensify our work concerning the elderly.做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作，穩(wěn)定低生育水平。從今年開始，在全國農(nóng)村實(shí)行住院分娩補(bǔ)助政策，定期為孕產(chǎn)婦做產(chǎn)前檢查和產(chǎn)后訪視，為３歲以下嬰幼兒做生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育檢查。加強(qiáng)出生缺陷預(yù)防工作。將農(nóng)村部分計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由人均６００元提高到７２０元。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口服務(wù)和管理。保護(hù)婦女和未成年人權(quán)益。在農(nóng)村婦女中開展婦科疾病定期檢查。支持殘疾人事業(yè)加快發(fā)展。繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)老齡工作。

We will vigorously develop culture and sports.Developing cultural programs and promoting cultural enrichment will help not only enrich people's cultural lives but also expand avenues of consumption.We need to vigorously develop non-profit cultural programs and accelerate improvement of the system of public cultural services.We will intensify construction of key cultural facilities as well as community-based cultural facilities in both urban and rural areas, particularly the project to extend radio and TV coverage to all villages, and the construction of multipurpose cultural centers in towns and townships and small libraries in rural areas, and we will vigorously promote cultural projects that benefit the people.We will help accelerate the development of cultural industries, improve policy support for them and foster leading cultural enterprises.We will help philosophy and the social sciences flourish, and actively develop literature, the arts, radio, TV, film, the press and publishing.We will strengthen development and management of Internet culture and effectively protect our cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage.We will reform management and operation of nonprofit cultural institutions and transform for-profit cultural agencies into enterprises.We will build more and better community-based public sports facilities, vigorously promote mass sports activities, raise the level of competitive sports and develop the sports industry.43 2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)

大力發(fā)展文化體育事業(yè)。促進(jìn)文化發(fā)展和繁榮，既有利于豐富人們的精神文化生活，也可以拓展消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域。積極發(fā)展公益性文化事業(yè)，加快完善公共文化服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)文化設(shè)施、城鄉(xiāng)基層文化設(shè)施特別是廣播電視“村村通”和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)綜合文化站、農(nóng)家書屋建設(shè)，努力推進(jìn)文化惠民工程。支持文化產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展，完善扶持政策，培育骨干文化企業(yè)。繁榮哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)，積極發(fā)展文學(xué)藝術(shù)、廣播影視、新聞出版事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化建設(shè)和管理。做好文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)。推進(jìn)公益性文化事業(yè)單位管理體制、運(yùn)行機(jī)制改革和經(jīng)營(yíng)性文化單位轉(zhuǎn)企改制。加強(qiáng)基層公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)，大力開展群眾性體育活動(dòng)，提高競(jìng)技體育水平，發(fā)展體育產(chǎn)業(yè)。

We will strengthen the development of democracy and the legal system.We will carry out political restructuring in an active yet prudent manner and develop socialist democratic politics.We need to improve democratic institutions, enrich the forms of democracy, expand its channels, and carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law.We will improve the mechanisms of self-governance by the people at the community level and expand the scope of community-level self-governance, improve the system for community-level democratic administration and ensure that the people directly exercise their democratic rights and administer community-level public affairs and public programs in accordance with the law.We will increase publicity of and education in the law, intensify education about citizenship, and promote the values of socialist democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality, equity and justice.We will coordinate development of urban and rural communities and promote the healthy growth of civic organizations.We will strengthen government work concerning the law, increase transparency in government legislation, expand public participation therein, and ensure that the law is enforced in a standardized, fair and civilized manner.加強(qiáng)民主法制建設(shè)。積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)政治體制改革，發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治。要健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實(shí)行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督。要健全基層群眾自治機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大基層群眾自治范圍，完善基層民主管理制度，保障人民群眾依法直接行使民主權(quán)利、管理基層公共事務(wù)和公共事業(yè)。深入開展法制宣傳教育，加強(qiáng)公民意識(shí)教育，樹立社會(huì)主義民主法治、自由平等、公平正義理念。統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)組織健康發(fā)展。加強(qiáng)政府法制工作，提高政府立法透明度和公眾參與度，做到規(guī)范、公正、文明執(zhí)法。

We will strengthen public administration and maintain harmony and stability in society.We need to pay special attention to safeguarding people's legitimate rights and interests, correctly handle problems among the people, properly deal with their complaints in a timely manner, and resolutely correct all actions that harm their interests.We will improve the mechanism for mediating, handling and resolving social tensions and guide the people in expressing their concerns relating to their interests by reasonable and lawful means.We will adhere to the system whereby

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)leading cadres, especially principal ones, handle people's letters and receive people's visits in order to serve the people and resolve conflicts.We will improve the early-warning system for social stability to actively prevent and properly handle all types of mass incidents.We will launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security and maintain law and order through a full range of measures.We will be on high alert for and severely crack down on criminal offenses in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.加強(qiáng)社會(huì)管理，維護(hù)社會(huì)和諧安定。要特別重視維護(hù)群眾合法權(quán)益，正確處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾，及時(shí)合理解決群眾反映的問題，堅(jiān)決糾正各種損害群眾利益的行為。健全社會(huì)矛盾糾紛調(diào)處化解機(jī)制，引導(dǎo)群眾以理性合法的方式表達(dá)利益訴求。堅(jiān)持領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部特別是主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部處理群眾來信和接待群眾來訪制度，服務(wù)群眾，化解矛盾。健全社會(huì)穩(wěn)定預(yù)警機(jī)制，積極預(yù)防和妥善處置各類群體性事件。深入開展平安創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理。嚴(yán)密防范、依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)，維護(hù)國家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。

7.Intensifying government self-improvement and making the government better able to manage overall economic and social development

（七）推進(jìn)政府自身建設(shè)，提高駕馭經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展全局的能力

Achievements were made in reforming the government and intensifying its self-improvement over the past year, but they still fall considerably short of what the people expect.The functions of government have not yet been completely transformed.Administrative efficiency needs to rise.Formalism and bureaucratism are still pronounced.Corruption remains a serious problem in some localities, departments and areas.Tremendous effort is needed to solve all these problems.We need to focus on the overall objectives of sustaining economic growth, ensuring people's well-being and maintaining stability, and intensify the work of government self-improvement.過去一年，政府自身改革和建設(shè)取得了新的成績(jī)，但與人民的期待仍有不小差距。政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變還不到位，行政效率有待提高，形式主義、官僚主義比較突出，腐敗現(xiàn)象在一些地方、部門和領(lǐng)域比較嚴(yán)重。這些問題必須下大氣力解決。要緊緊圍繞保增長(zhǎng)、保民生、保穩(wěn)定這個(gè)大局，加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè)。

We will continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will standardize government administration, ensure that our administration is based on law and reason, executed through proper procedures, highly efficient, convenient for the public, honest and trustworthy, and that authority and responsibility are united.We will thoroughly implement the Administrative Permit Law, continue to carry out reform of the administrative examination and approval system, reduce the number of items it covers, especially investment examination and approval and project approval, and ensure that enterprises make their own investment decisions.We will promote fair competition, break regional blockades and industry monopolies, and organize and

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)mobilize all social resources to promote economic growth.By ensuring that all government departments fully and properly execute their functions, we will create a favorable environment for development, and increase enterprises' confidence in investment, individuals' confidence in consumption and people's confidence in the development of the country.堅(jiān)持依法行政。規(guī)范行政行為，做到合法行政、合理行政、程序正當(dāng)、高效便民、誠實(shí)守信、權(quán)責(zé)統(tǒng)一。深入貫徹行政許可法，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革，減少行政許可和審批事項(xiàng)，特別要減少投資審批、項(xiàng)目核準(zhǔn)，落實(shí)企業(yè)的投資主體地位。促進(jìn)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，消除地區(qū)封鎖，打破行業(yè)壟斷，組織調(diào)動(dòng)各種社會(huì)資源，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。通過全面正確履行政府職能，創(chuàng)造良好發(fā)展環(huán)境，增強(qiáng)企業(yè)投資的信心，增強(qiáng)社會(huì)消費(fèi)的信心，增強(qiáng)人民群眾對(duì)國家發(fā)展的信心。

We will make decisions scientifically and democratically.In all decisions we make, the procedures need to be lawful and standardized, the process democratic and open, and the results scientific and equitable.In formulating and implementing major government policies and decisions, we need to conduct thorough research and studies, heed people's concerns, solicit their opinions, pool their wisdom, act in accordance with objective laws, and make our policies and decisions more foresighted, scientific and effective.We need to make government affairs more open and transparent.We will ensure the people's right to stay informed about, to participate in, to express views on, and to oversee government affairs, and keep them informed as to what the government is thinking and doing so that we can win their thorough understanding, wide support and active participation.The government is investing a large sum of money and launching numerous new projects this year, and we will ensure they receive proper oversight.We will prohibit image projects that waste both human and financial resources and vanity projects that are divorced from reality, and will never allow any organization or individual to exploit the surge in public spending for private gain.Governments at all levels must conscientiously subject themselves to the oversight by the people's congresses and the democratic oversight by the CPPCC committees at their corresponding levels.We will tighten professional oversight by supervision and auditing departments, and attach great importance to oversight by the public and the news media.We will strive to make sure that oversight takes place wherever administrative power is exercised and that government funds will be audited wherever they are used.實(shí)行科學(xué)民主決策。各項(xiàng)決策都要做到程序依法規(guī)范、過程民主公開、結(jié)果科學(xué)公正。政府重大決策的形成和執(zhí)行都要加強(qiáng)調(diào)查研究，做到察民情、聽民意、聚民智，尊重客觀規(guī)律，提高決策的預(yù)見性、科學(xué)性和有效性。要推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開，增加透明度，保障人民群眾的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)，讓人民群眾知道政府在想什么、做什么，贏得人民群眾的充分理解、廣泛支持和積極參與。今年政府投資力度大、新上項(xiàng)目多，要確保監(jiān)管到位，絕不能搞勞民傷財(cái)?shù)摹靶蜗蠊こ獭焙兔撾x實(shí)際的“政績(jī)工程”，絕不允許利用擴(kuò)大公共投資為單位和個(gè)人謀取私利。各級(jí)政府都要自覺接受人大監(jiān)督和政協(xié)民主監(jiān)督，強(qiáng)化監(jiān)察、審計(jì)等專門

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)監(jiān)督，高度重視人民群眾監(jiān)督和新聞?shì)浾摫O(jiān)督，做到行政權(quán)力運(yùn)行到哪里，監(jiān)督就落實(shí)到哪里，財(cái)政資金運(yùn)用到哪里，審計(jì)就跟進(jìn)到哪里。

We will earnestly improve our conduct.Governments at all levels need to resolutely implement the policy decisions and arrangements of the central leadership, stay firmly grounded in reality, and work creatively to ensure all policies are carried out fully and effectively.Leading cadres need to conduct thorough research and studies to promptly discover and resolve problems, maintain close contact with the people, show concern for their sufferings, listen to their opinions, and help them solve their problems.Government employees need to always maintain high morale, embody a vigorous spirit and work with the people to meet challenges head on, break new ground through hard work and tide over bad times together.切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)變工作作風(fēng)。各級(jí)政府要堅(jiān)定地貫徹中央的決策部署，緊密結(jié)合實(shí)際，創(chuàng)造性地開展工作，使中央的各項(xiàng)政策落到實(shí)處，收到實(shí)效。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要深入調(diào)查研究，及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，解決問題；密切聯(lián)系群眾，關(guān)心群眾疾苦，傾聽群眾呼聲，為群眾排憂解難。政府工作人員要始終保持昂揚(yáng)向上、奮發(fā)有為的精神狀態(tài)，和廣大人民群眾一道知難而進(jìn)，開拓進(jìn)取，艱苦奮斗，共克時(shí)艱。

We will strengthen our efforts to promote clean government and combat corruption.We will focus on standardizing institutions and limiting the exercise of power, and prevent and punish corruption at its source in areas and links prone to corruption.We will resolutely investigate and prosecute corruption cases and punish corruptionists in accordance with the law.We must discharge our duties with great diligence and, through our actions and achievements, build a government that is for the people and is pragmatic, clean and efficient to satisfy people's needs and win their trust.加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)和反腐敗工作。以規(guī)范制度和制約權(quán)力為核心，針對(duì)腐敗現(xiàn)象易發(fā)多發(fā)的領(lǐng)域和環(huán)節(jié)，從源頭上防治腐敗。堅(jiān)決查處腐敗案件，依法懲處腐敗分子。我們一定要勤勉盡責(zé)，以實(shí)際行動(dòng)和工作業(yè)績(jī)，建設(shè)為民、務(wù)實(shí)、廉潔、高效的政府，讓人民放心，讓人民滿意。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

Promoting unity among all ethnic groups and achieving common development and prosperity serves the fundamental interests of the people of all our ethnic groups.We will fully implement the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and ensure that the policies and measures of the central government supporting economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas are effectively implemented.We will continue to increase support to ethnic groups with small populations.We will expand coverage of the “bring prosperity to border areas and residents” campaign to all border counties and the Xinjiang Production and

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)Construction Corps' regimental pastures and farms in border areas.We will support more rapid development of pastoral areas and ethnic minority mountain regions.We will unswervingly uphold national unity and further develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony.促進(jìn)各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展，是各族人民的根本利益所在。要全面貫徹民族區(qū)域自治法，確保中央支持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的政策措施落到實(shí)處。繼續(xù)加大對(duì)人口較少民族的扶持力度。推進(jìn)興邊富民行動(dòng)覆蓋所有邊境縣和新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團(tuán)邊境團(tuán)場(chǎng)。支持牧區(qū)和少數(shù)民族聚居山區(qū)加快發(fā)展。堅(jiān)定不移地維護(hù)民族團(tuán)結(jié)，進(jìn)一步構(gòu)建平等、團(tuán)結(jié)、互助、和諧的社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。

We will fully implement the Party's basic principles on work related to religions and enable religious figures and people with religious belief to play a positive role in promoting economic and social development.全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。

We will diligently implement the Party's policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and support overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese and their relatives in showing concern for and participating in the modernization and peaceful reunification of the motherland.認(rèn)真貫徹黨的僑務(wù)政策，支持海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷關(guān)心和參與祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。

Last year significant progress was made in the modernization of national defense and the army.The People's Liberation Army played an important role in safeguarding China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, supporting its modernization drive, and completing urgent, difficult, dangerous and daunting tasks.In the coming year, we need to make our army more revolutionary, modern and standardized, focusing on enabling it to fully carry out its historic missions in the new stage and in the new century.We will strengthen ideological and political work in the army.We will effectively transform our military training based on mechanized warfare to military training for warfare under conditions of greater IT application, and continue to enhance the army's ability to respond to multiple security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks.We will modernize weapons, equipment and logistics support across the board.We will improve defense-related research, the weapons and equipment production system, the military personnel training system, and the army's logistics support system that integrate civilian with military purposes and combine military efforts with civilian support.We will actively and steadily carry out reform of the army to inject more vigor and vitality into army building.We will intensify the improvement of the People's Armed Police Force to make it better able to carry out its

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)duties, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will strengthen defense mobilization and reserve forces.We will strengthen and develop unity between the army and the government and between the army and the people.過去的一年，國防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展。人民解放軍為維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全和領(lǐng)土完整，支持國家現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，完成急難險(xiǎn)重任務(wù)，發(fā)揮了重要作用。在新的一年，要著眼全面履行新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊(duì)歷史使命，推進(jìn)軍隊(duì)革命化、現(xiàn)代化、正規(guī)化建設(shè)。大力加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)思想政治工作。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)機(jī)械化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練向信息化條件下軍事訓(xùn)練轉(zhuǎn)變，不斷提高應(yīng)對(duì)多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。全面提高武器裝備和后勤保障的現(xiàn)代化水平。完善軍民結(jié)合、寓軍于民的國防科研和武器裝備生產(chǎn)體系、軍隊(duì)人才培養(yǎng)體系和軍隊(duì)保障體系。積極穩(wěn)妥地推進(jìn)軍隊(duì)改革，增強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的生機(jī)與活力。加強(qiáng)人民武裝警察部隊(duì)建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件、反恐、維穩(wěn)能力。加強(qiáng)國防動(dòng)員和后備力量建設(shè)。鞏固發(fā)展軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

Fellow Deputies, 各位代表！

We will unswervingly adhere to the principle of “one country, two systems” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and fully support the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions in actively responding to the global financial crisis and maintaining their prosperity and stability.We will increase cooperation between the mainland and the two regions, consolidate Hong Kong's position as an international financial center and promote an appropriate level of diversity in Macao's economy.We will accelerate the pilot program for the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao to use RMB as the settlement currency for trade in goods.We will constantly deepen and expand cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao.We will accelerate construction of infrastructure such as the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the Hong Kong-Shenzhen Airport Rail Link and the Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link.We will give Hong Kong and Macao greater access to the mainland's service sector.We will adopt effective measures to support development of Hong Kong-and Macao-funded enterprises on the mainland, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises, and help ease their difficulties.The great motherland will always provide strong backing to Hong Kong and Macao.We firmly believe that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will surmount their current difficulties and create an even brighter future.我們將堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)積極應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)，保持繁榮穩(wěn)定。進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)內(nèi)地與港澳的合作，鞏固香港國際金融中心地位，促進(jìn)澳門經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元發(fā)展。加快推進(jìn)與港澳地區(qū)貨物貿(mào)易的人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)。不斷拓展粵港澳三地合作的深度和廣度。加快推動(dòng)港珠澳大橋、港深機(jī)場(chǎng)鐵路、廣深港高速鐵路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。擴(kuò)大內(nèi)地服務(wù)業(yè)對(duì)港澳的開放。采取有效措施支持港澳在內(nèi)

2009年政府工作報(bào)告(中英文對(duì)照)地企業(yè)特別是中小企業(yè)發(fā)展，緩解經(jīng)營(yíng)困難。偉大祖國永遠(yuǎn)是香港、澳門的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。我們堅(jiān)信，香港、澳門同胞一定能夠克服面臨的困難，開創(chuàng)更加美好的明天！

Last year important progress was made in our Taiwan-related work.Positive changes occurred in the situation in Taiwan, and major breakthroughs were made in cross-Straits relations.Consultations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits were resumed on the basis of the 1992 Consensus, and complete, direct and two-way mail, transport and trade links were established.The two sides enjoyed more frequent people-to-people exchanges, closer economic ties, more active cultural exchanges and broader common interests.Cross-Straits relations have embarked on the track of peaceful development.In the coming year, we will continue to adhere to the principle of developing cross-Straits relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the motherland.We will remain committed to the goal of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and work actively to build a framework for and strive to achieve new progress in the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations.We will continue to comprehensively strengthen cross-Straits economic cooperation to jointly respond to the global financial crisis.We will actively promote financial cooperation across the Straits, support the development of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland, provide financing services for qualified ones, and encourage their independent innovation, transformation and upgrading.We will strengthen two-way investment and industrial cooperation and expand and deepen agricultural cooperation between the two sides.We will support economic development on the west coast of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.We will accelerate normalization of cross-Straits economic relations and facilitate the signing of a comprehensive agreement on economic cooperation, and gradually establish economic cooperation mechanisms tailored to both sides of the Straits.We will increase contacts between individuals, expand exchanges among all sectors of society, vigorously promote Chinese culture and consolidate the common cultural bonds between the two sides.We will work on the basis of the one-China principle to enhance mutual political trust between the two sides.Based on this, we are ready to make fair and reasonable arrangements through consultation on the issue of Taiwan's participation in the activities of international organizations.We are also ready to hold talks on cross-Straits political and military issues and create conditions for ending the state of hostility and concluding a peace agreement between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits.We are convinced that, with the concerted efforts of the people on both sides of the Straits, we will achieve complete reunification of the motherland and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.過去的一年，對(duì)臺(tái)工作取得重要進(jìn)展，臺(tái)灣局勢(shì)發(fā)生積極變化，兩岸關(guān)系取得重大突破。兩岸協(xié)商在“九二共識(shí)”基礎(chǔ)上得到恢復(fù)，全面直接雙向“三通”已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)。兩岸同胞往來更頻繁、經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系更密切、文化交流更活躍、共同利益更廣泛，兩岸關(guān)系開始步入和平發(fā)展軌道。新的一年里，我們要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針，牢牢把握兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的主題，積極構(gòu)

第四篇：2010政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

在

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

founding of New China.The outstanding achievements we made in that time have greatly boosted the confidence and pride of the people, strengthened the cohesiveness of the Chinese nation, and raised China's international standing and influence.All this definitely encourages us to continue to forge ahead on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.一年來，我們主要做了以下工作：

Over the last year, we mainly undertook the following work.（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。我們實(shí)行積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，全面實(shí)施并不斷完善應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的一攬子計(jì)劃。大規(guī)模增加財(cái)政支出和實(shí)行結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅，保持貨幣信貸快速增長(zhǎng)，提高貨幣政策的可持續(xù)性，擴(kuò)大直接融資規(guī)模，滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的資金需求，有效擴(kuò)大了內(nèi)需，很快扭轉(zhuǎn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下滑趨勢(shì)。

1.Strengthening and improving macro-control and promoting steady and rapid economic development.We carried out a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We comprehensively implemented and constantly improved the package plan for addressing the global financial crisis.We significantly increased government spending, implemented structural tax reductions, rapidly increased supplies of money and credit, made our monetary policy more sustainable, and increased the amount of direct financing.We thus ensured funding for economic and social development, effectively boosted domestic demand, and quickly reversed the slowdown in economic growth.著力擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi)。我們鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)的政策領(lǐng)域之寬、力度之大、受惠面之廣前所未有。中央財(cái)政投入資金 450億元，補(bǔ)貼家電汽車摩托車下鄉(xiāng)、汽車家電以舊換新和農(nóng)機(jī)具購置。減半征收小排量汽車購置稅，減免住房交易相關(guān)稅收，支持自住性住房消費(fèi)。全年汽車銷售1364萬輛，增長(zhǎng)46.2%；商品房銷售9.37億平方米，增長(zhǎng)42.1%；社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)16.9%，消費(fèi)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的拉動(dòng)作用明顯增強(qiáng)。

We vigorously expanded consumer spending.Our policies to encourage consumption covered more areas, were stronger and benefited more people than ever before.The central government provided 45 billion yuan in subsidies for rural residents to purchase home appliances and motor vehicles, including motorbikes.Part of the subsidies also supported trading-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and purchasing agricultural machinery and tools.We halved the purchase tax on small-displacement automobiles.We reduced or exempted taxes on buying and selling homes to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.Throughout the year 13.64 million motor vehicles were sold, an increase of 46.2%;commodity housing sales amounted to 937 million square meters, up 42.1%;and total retail sales of consumer goods increased 16.9% in real terms: Consumption played a much bigger role in fueling economic growth.促進(jìn)投資快速增長(zhǎng)。我們發(fā)揮政府投資“四兩撥千斤”的作用，引導(dǎo)帶動(dòng)社會(huì)投資。實(shí)施兩年新增4萬億元的投資計(jì)劃。2009年中央政府公共投資9243億元，比上年預(yù)算增加5038億元，其中，保障性住房、農(nóng)村民生工程、社會(huì)事業(yè)投資占44%，自主創(chuàng)新、結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、節(jié)能減排和生態(tài)建設(shè)占16%，重大基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)占23%，災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建占14%。全社會(huì)固定資產(chǎn)投資增長(zhǎng)30.1%，投資結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)一步優(yōu)化。投資快速增長(zhǎng)有效彌補(bǔ)了外需下降的缺口，加強(qiáng)了薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

We promoted rapid growth in investment.We guided and stimulated non-government investment by means of well-leveraged government investment.We implemented a plan to invest an additional 4 trillion yuan over two years.In 2009, the central government's public investment was 924.3 billion yuan, 503.8 billion yuan more than in the previous year's budget.Of this, 44% was invested in.low-income housing, projects to improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and social programs;16% in independent innovation, restructuring, energy conservation, emissions reductions, and ecological improvement;23% in major infrastructure projects;and 14% in post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction.Fixed asset investment increased.30.1% nationwide.We further improved the investment structure.Rapid investment growth effectively compensated for the shortfall created by shrinking external demand, strengthened weak links, and laid a solid foundation for long-term economic and social development 我們加快推進(jìn)汶川地震災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建，重災(zāi)區(qū)已完成投資6545億元，占規(guī)劃總投資的65.5%。國家的大力支持，全國人民的無私援助，災(zāi)區(qū)群眾的艱苦奮斗，使遭受重大創(chuàng)傷的災(zāi)區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出嶄新面貌。一座座新城拔地而起，一個(gè)個(gè)村莊煥發(fā)出蓬勃生機(jī)。這充分體現(xiàn)了中華民族的無疆大愛，有力彰顯了社會(huì)主義制度的無比優(yōu)越。

We accelerated the post-Wenchuan earthquake recovery and reconstruction work.We have already invested 654.5

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

billion yuan, 65.5% of the total planned investment, in the worst hit areas.Thanks to the government's strong support, the selfless assistance of people throughout the country, and the hard work of residents of the earthquake area, the badly damaged areas have taken on a brand-new appearance, with new towns rising straight out of the ground, and villages brimming with vitality.All this fully reflects the boundless love of the Chinese nation and powerfully demonstrates the incomparable superiority of the socialist system.（二）大力調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，夯實(shí)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)。我們把保增長(zhǎng)與調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)緊密結(jié)合起來，加快解決制約經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾。

2.Vigorously carrying out economic restructuring, and shoring up the foundation for long-term development.We closely integrated sustaining economic growth with economic restructuring, and moved more quickly to resolve structural problems limiting economic development.“三農(nóng)”工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的支出7253億元，增長(zhǎng)21.8%。大幅度提高糧食最低收購價(jià)。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)規(guī)劃。繼續(xù)改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件，農(nóng)村飲水安全工程使6069萬農(nóng)民受益，新增510萬沼氣用戶，新建和改造農(nóng)村公路38萬公里、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)線路26.6萬公里，又有80萬戶農(nóng)村危房得到改造，9.2萬戶游牧民實(shí)現(xiàn)了定居。我們加大扶貧力度，貧困地區(qū)的生產(chǎn)生活條件得到明顯改善。

We further strengthened the work related to agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.The central government used 725.3 billion yuan to support agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, an increase of 21.8%.We raised the minimum grain purchase prices by a large margin.We began implementation of 'the plan to increase grain production capacity by 50 million tons nationwide.We continued to improve living and working conditions in rural areas.We implemented rural drinking water safety projects that benefited 60.69 million people, increased the number of methane gas users by 5.1.million, built and upgraded 380,000 kilometers of roads and 266,000 kilometers of electric power lines and renovated 800,000 dilapidated houses in the countryside, and helped build permanent housing for 92,000 nomadic families.We also intensified our efforts to fight poverty.As a result, working and living conditions notably improved in poverty-stricken areas.產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整力度加大。制定并實(shí)施十大重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興規(guī)劃。鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)加快技術(shù)改造，安排200億元技改專項(xiàng)資金支持4441個(gè)技改項(xiàng)目。重點(diǎn)行業(yè)兼并重組取得新進(jìn)展。下大力氣抑制部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩和重復(fù)建設(shè)，關(guān)停小火電機(jī)組2617萬千瓦，淘汰落后的煉鋼產(chǎn)能1691萬噸、煉鐵產(chǎn)能2113萬噸、水泥產(chǎn)能7416萬噸、焦炭產(chǎn)能1809萬噸。加快實(shí)施國家科技重大專項(xiàng)，中央財(cái)政用于科技的支出1512億元，增長(zhǎng)30%。積極支持自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品推廣應(yīng)用，清潔能源、2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

綜合治理水土流失面積4.8萬平方公里。加強(qiáng)“三河三湖”等重點(diǎn)流域水污染防治和工業(yè)廢水廢氣廢渣治理。“十一五”前四年累計(jì)單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降 14.38%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放量分別下降9.66%和13.14%。積極開展應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化工作，明確提出2020年我國控制溫室氣體排放行動(dòng)目標(biāo)和政策措施。氣象預(yù)報(bào)預(yù)警和地震監(jiān)測(cè)工作得到加強(qiáng)，災(zāi)害防御能力不斷提升。

We made solid progress in conserving energy, reducing emissions and protecting the environment.We supported 2,983 key energy conservation and recycling projects through budgetary investment.We implemented a project to promote energy-efficient products for the benefit of the people, putting into use more than 5 million energy-saving air-conditioners and 150 million energy-efficient light bulbs.We continued to develop key ecological projects in the forestry industry, and completed the afforestation of 5.88 million hectares, thereby raising the percentage of land covered by forest to 20.36%.Through combined measures, we brought soil erosion on 48,000 square kilometers of land under control.We strengthened the prevention and treatment of water pollution in the key watersheds of the Huai, Hai, and Liao rivers and Tai, Chao, and Dianchi lakes, and improved the control of wastewater, gases and residues from industry.Over the first four years of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, energy consumption per unit of GDP fell 14.38%，and chemical oxygen demand and sulfur dioxide emissions decreased 9.66% and 13.14% respectively.We made vigorous efforts to respond to climate change, and set forth our country's targets, policies and measures for controlling greenhouse gas emissions by 2020.We improved our weather forecasting and early warning;as well as earthquake monitoring, and constantly improved our disaster prevention and protection capabilities.區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展邁出新步伐。深入實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，制定若干區(qū)域發(fā)展重大規(guī)劃和政策。中西部和東北地區(qū)加快開放開發(fā)，積極承接產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)不斷夯實(shí)；東部地區(qū)加快結(jié)構(gòu)和自主創(chuàng)新，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展活力增強(qiáng)。區(qū)域發(fā)展呈現(xiàn)布局改善、結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化、協(xié)調(diào)性提高的良好態(tài)勢(shì)。

We took new steps in balancing development between regions.We thoroughly implemented the overall strategy for regional development;and formulated several major regional development plans and policies.The central and western regions and northeast China accelerated opening up and development, welcomed industries relocated from other parts of the country, and continuously strengthened their foundation for development.The eastern region accelerated restructuring and independent innovation, and the vitality of its economic development increased.A favorable situation emerged in which regional development was better distributed, structured and coordinated.（三）堅(jiān)持深化改革開放，不斷完善有利于科學(xué)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制。我們把深化改革開放作為應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力，努力消除體制障礙，不斷提高對(duì)外開放水平。

3.Steadfastly deepening reform and opening up, and constantly improving institutions and mechanisms conducive to developing scientifically.We deepened reform and opening up to respond more powerfully to the global financial crisis, worked hard to remove institutional obstacles and continued to open wider to the outside world.重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革加快推進(jìn)。增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型全面實(shí)施。成品油價(jià)格和稅費(fèi)改革順利推進(jìn)，新的成品油價(jià)格形成機(jī)制規(guī)范運(yùn)行。國家開發(fā)銀行商業(yè)化轉(zhuǎn)型和農(nóng)業(yè)銀行股份制改革扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)啟動(dòng)實(shí)施。創(chuàng)業(yè)板正式推出，為自主創(chuàng)新及其他成長(zhǎng)型創(chuàng)業(yè)企業(yè)開辟了新的融資渠道。地方政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革有序開展，事業(yè)單位分類改革試點(diǎn)穩(wěn)步進(jìn)行。集體林權(quán)制度改革全面推開，15億畝林地確權(quán)到戶，占全國集體林地面積的60%，這是繼土地家庭承包之后我國農(nóng)村經(jīng)營(yíng)制度的又一重大變革。

We accelerated reform in key areas and links.We comprehensively carried out VAT reform.The reform of the prices of refined oil products and taxes and fees on them was implemented smoothly, and a new mechanism for pricing them worked well.We made solid progress in commercializing the China Development Bank and introducing the joint stock system in the Agricultural Bank of China, and launched a pilot project to use the renminbi as the settlement currency for cross-border trade.The ChiNext stock market was officially launched, which opened a new financing channel for enterprises based on independent innovation and other growth enterprises.We proceeded with the reform of local government departments in an orderly manner, and steadily carried out a trial of reforming institutions by type.We comprehensively launched the reform of tenure in collective forests.We devolved tenure in 100 million hectares of forest land to rural households, equaling 60% of the country's total area of collective forests.This is another major reform of China's rural operation system, and follows in the footsteps of the household land contract responsibility system.

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平不斷提高。出臺(tái)一系列穩(wěn)定外需的政策措施，采取符合國際慣例的方式支持出口企業(yè)，完成短期出口信用保險(xiǎn)承保900億美元，安排421億美元大型成套設(shè)備出口融資保險(xiǎn)。鼓勵(lì)增加進(jìn)口。去年下半年開始進(jìn)出口降幅明顯收窄，國際市場(chǎng)份額得到鞏固，全年進(jìn)出口總額2.2萬億美元。扭轉(zhuǎn)利用外資下降局面，全年實(shí)際利用外商直接投資900億美元。企業(yè)“走出去”逆勢(shì)上揚(yáng)，非金融類對(duì)外直接投資和對(duì)外工程承包營(yíng)業(yè)額分別達(dá)433億美元和777億美元。積極參與國際宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策對(duì)話協(xié)調(diào)和經(jīng)貿(mào)金融合作，在共同應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)中發(fā)揮了建設(shè)性作用。

We constantly raised the level of the open economy.We introduced policies and measures to stabilize foreign demand, adopted methods that conform to international practices to support export companies, completed the issuance of short-term export credit insurance worth US$ 90 billion, and arranged $42.1 billion of export financing insurance for complete sets of large equipment.We encouraged increases in imports: Since the second half of last year;falls in imports and exports have clearly eased, and we have consolidated our share of international markets.Last year imports and exports totaled $2.2 trillion.We reversed the decline in utilized foreign investment, and actual utilized foreign direct investment amounted to $90 billion for the entire year.More enterprises “went global” in spite of the adverse situation;non-financial outward direct investment amounted to $43.3 billion, and receipts from overseas project contracting operations reached $77.7 billion.We actively participated in international macroeconomic policy dialogue and coordination as well as economic, trade and financial cooperation, and played a constructive role in the joint response to the global financial crisis.（四）著力改善民生，加快發(fā)展社會(huì)事業(yè)。在應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的困難情況下，我們更加注重保障和改善民生，切實(shí)解決人民群眾最關(guān)心、最直接、最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題。

4.Striving to improve people's wellbeing and accelerating the development of social programs.In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策。強(qiáng)化政府促進(jìn)就業(yè)的責(zé)任。中央財(cái)政安排就業(yè)專項(xiàng)資金426億元，比上年增長(zhǎng) 59%。實(shí)施困難企業(yè)緩繳社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)或降低部分費(fèi)率、再就業(yè)稅收減免及提供相關(guān)補(bǔ)貼等政策，鼓勵(lì)企業(yè)穩(wěn)定和增加就業(yè)。開展系列就業(yè)服務(wù)活動(dòng)，多渠道開辟公益性就業(yè)崗位，促進(jìn)高校畢業(yè)生到基層就業(yè)、應(yīng)征入伍和到企事業(yè)單位就業(yè)見習(xí)。全年組織2100萬城鄉(xiāng)勞動(dòng)者參加職業(yè)培訓(xùn)。這些措施促進(jìn)了就業(yè)的基本穩(wěn)定。

We implemented a more active employment policy.We increased the responsibility of the government for stimulating employment.The central government allocated 42.6 billion yuan in special employment funds, an increase of 59%.For distressed enterprises, we postponed and in some cases reduced their payment of social security contributions.We also reduced or exempted reemployment tax and provided related subsidies to encourage enterprises to maintain or increase their levels of employment.We launched a series of employment service activities, created public-service jobs through multiple channels, and encouraged college graduates to take jobs at the primary level, enlist in the army, or join enterprises and institutions as interns.We provided job training for 21 million urban and rural workers.These measures helped bring about basic employment stability.加快完善社會(huì)保障體系。普遍建立養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌制度，出臺(tái)包括農(nóng)民工在內(nèi)的城鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)職工養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)辦法。在320個(gè)縣開展新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，推動(dòng)我國社會(huì)保障制度建設(shè)邁出歷史性步伐。中央財(cái)政安排社會(huì)保障資金2906億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)16.6%。企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金連續(xù)5年增加，去年又人均提高10%。農(nóng)村五保戶供養(yǎng)水平、優(yōu)撫對(duì)象撫恤補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、城鄉(xiāng)低保對(duì)象保障水平都有新的提高。中央財(cái)政安排保障性安居工程補(bǔ)助資金551億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)2倍。新建、改擴(kuò)建各類保障性住房200萬套，棚戶區(qū)改造解決住房130萬套。全國社會(huì)保障基金積累6927億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)44.2%。社會(huì)保障體系得到加強(qiáng)。

We accelerated improvements in the social security system.We established a nationwide pension planning system at the provincial level, and introduced a method for transferring pension accounts for workers of urban enterprises, some of whom are rural migrant workers.We launched a pilot project for a new rural pension insurance system in 320 counties-a historic step forward in the development of China's social security system.The central government allocated 290.6 billion yuan in social security funds, an increase of 16.6%.Pensions for enterprise retirees increased for the fifth consecutive year and registered another 10% rise per person.We provided better care for childless and infirm rural residents receiving guarantees of food, clothing, medical care, housing and burial expenses.We increased

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

subsidies for entitled groups and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural recipients.The central government used 55.1 billion yuan to develop low-income housing projects, a two-fold increase over the previous year.We built, renovated or expanded 2 million low-income housing units of various types, and renovated or built 1:3 million housing units in run-down areas.Nationwide, social security funds reached 692.'7 billion yuan, an increase of 44.2%.We strengthened the social security system.進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)教育公平。大幅度增加全國教育支出，其中中央財(cái)政支出1981億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)23.6%。全面落實(shí)城鄉(xiāng)義務(wù)教育政策，中央下達(dá)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育經(jīng)費(fèi)666億元，提前一年實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村中小學(xué)生人均公用經(jīng)費(fèi)500元和300元的目標(biāo)。實(shí)行義務(wù)教育階段教師績(jī)效工資制度。中等職業(yè)學(xué)校農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生和涉農(nóng)專業(yè)學(xué)生免學(xué)費(fèi)政策開始實(shí)施。國家助學(xué)制度不斷完善，資助學(xué)生2871萬人，基本保障了困難家庭的孩子不因貧困而失學(xué)。

We made education more equitable.We increased education spending nationwide significantly, including central government spending of 198.1 billion yuan, an increase of 23.6%.We comprehensively implemented the urban and rural compulsory education policy, spent 66.6 billion yuan of central government funds on rural compulsory education, and reached the target of raising public spending for rural secondary and primary school students to an average of 500 yuan and 300 yuan per student respectively a year ahead of schedule.We implemented a performance-based pay system for compulsory education teachers.We started to implement the policy of free tuition for rural students attending secondary vocational schools whose families have financial difficulties and students in such schools who are studying agriculture-related majors.We constantly improved the national student financial aid system;which benefited 28.71 million students and basically ensured that no children from poor families were denied schooling due to financial difficulties.穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。組織實(shí)施醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革。中央財(cái)政醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出1277億元，比上年增長(zhǎng)49.5%。城鎮(zhèn)職工和城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保4.01億人，新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度覆蓋8.3億人。中央財(cái)政安排429億元，解決關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)國有企業(yè)退休人員醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)問題。基本藥物制度在30％的基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)施。中央財(cái)政支持建設(shè)了一批縣級(jí)醫(yī)院、鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中心衛(wèi)生院和社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心。啟動(dòng)實(shí)施擴(kuò)大乙肝疫苗接種等重大公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)專項(xiàng)。加強(qiáng)食品、藥品安全專項(xiàng)整治。面對(duì)突如其來的甲型HlN1流感疫情，我們依法科學(xué)有序地開展防控工作，有效保障了人民群眾生命安全，維護(hù)了社會(huì)正常秩序。

We made steady progress in the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We organized the implementation of the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems.The central government spent 127.7 billion yuan on medical and health care, an increase of 49.5%.A total of 401 million urban workers and non-working urban residents subscribed to basic medical insurance;and coverage of the new type of rural cooperative medical care system reached $30 million people.The central government allocated 42.9 billion yuan to solve the problem of medical insurance for retired workers from closed and bankrupt state-owned enterprises.The basic drug system has been implemented in 30% of primary-level medical and health care institutions.Central government funds were used to support the construction of a number of county-level hospitals, town and township central hospitals, and community health service centers.We launched major public health service projects, including one to increase vaccinations against hepatitis B.We intensified special campaigns for food and drug safety.Faced with the sudden outbreak of influenza A(H1N1), we carried out scientific and orderly prevention and control work in accordance with the law, and thereby effectively protected people's lives and maintained normal order in society.在國際金融危機(jī)嚴(yán)重沖擊、世界經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)增長(zhǎng)的背景下，我國取得這樣的成績(jī)極為不易。這是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央統(tǒng)攬全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全黨全軍全國各族人民和衷共濟(jì)、團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的結(jié)果。在這里，我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞、臺(tái)灣同胞和海外僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向關(guān)心和支持中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的各國政府、國際組織和各國朋友，表示誠摯的感謝！

It was not at all easy for our country to make all these achievements against the backdrop of the severe impact of the global financial crisis and the negative growth of the world economy: They were the result of the overall planning and correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary as well as the concerted and strenuous efforts of the whole Party, the entire army, and the people of all of our ethnic groups.On behalf of the Mate Council, I hereby express our sincere gratitude to the people of all of our ethnic groups and to the democratic parties, mass organizations, and people from all sectors of society.I also express our sincere thanks to our

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, as well as to foreign governments, international organizations, and friends in other countries that take an interest in and support China's modernization.一年來，我們認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，積極應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)，全面做好政府工作，有以下幾點(diǎn)體會(huì)：必須堅(jiān)持運(yùn)用市場(chǎng)機(jī)制和宏觀調(diào)控兩種手段，在堅(jiān)持市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革方向、發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)配置資源基礎(chǔ)性作用、激發(fā)市場(chǎng)活力的同時(shí)，充分發(fā)揮我國社會(huì)主義制度決策高效、組織有力、集中力量辦大事的優(yōu)勢(shì)。必須堅(jiān)持處理好短期和長(zhǎng)期兩方面關(guān)系，注重遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合、標(biāo)本兼治，既克服短期困難、解決突出矛盾，又加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、為長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定基礎(chǔ)。必須堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個(gè)大局，把擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需作為長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針，堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，加快形成內(nèi)需外需協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的格局。必須堅(jiān)持發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)與改善民生、維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義的內(nèi)在統(tǒng)一，圍繞改善民生謀發(fā)展，把改善民生作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的出發(fā)點(diǎn)、落腳點(diǎn)和持久動(dòng)力，著眼維護(hù)公平正義，讓全體人民共享改革發(fā)展成果，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定。必須堅(jiān)持發(fā)揮中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性，既強(qiáng)調(diào)統(tǒng)一思想、顧全大局，又鼓勵(lì)因地制宜、探索創(chuàng)新，形成共克時(shí)艱的強(qiáng)大合力。這些經(jīng)驗(yàn)對(duì)我們堅(jiān)持中國特色社會(huì)主義道路，提高駕馭社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)能力，推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程，具有重要而深遠(yuǎn)的意義。

In the course of the past year, as we conscientiously applied the Scientific Outlook on Development;vigorously responded to the global financial crisis and completed all of our government work, we came to the following conclusions: We must continue to make use of both market mechanisms and macro-control, that is, at the same time as we keep our reforms oriented toward a market economy, let market forces play their basic role in allocating resources, and stimulate the market's vitality, we must make best use of the socialist system's advantages, which enable us to make decisions efficiently, organize effectively, and concentrate resources to accomplish large undertakings.We must balance long-and short-term interests, take into account long-and short-term needs, and address both the symptoms and root causes of problems.We must overcome short-term difficulties and solve major problems as well as strengthen key areas and weak links in order to lay a foundation for long-term development.We must continue to consider domestic and international situations, make it a long-term strategic policy to boost domestic demand, adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up, and quickly formulate a pattern in which domestic demand and foreign demand drive economic growth in concert.We must always remember that developing the economy is inseparable from improving people's wellbeing and safeguarding social fairness and justice;make improving people's wellbeing the focus of development, and the starting point, goal, and lasting driving force of economic development;strive to safeguard fairness and justice;ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development;and promote social harmony and stability.We must give free rein to the initiative of both the central and local authorities.While stressing unity of thinking and keeping overall interests in mind, we also need to encourage everyone to proceed in light of local conditions and make explorations and innovations, in order to form a powerful, concerted force for overcoming present difficulties.All of these experiences are of vital and profound significance for keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, improving our ability to run the socialist market economy, and pushing ahead the process of modernization.二、2010年主要任務(wù)

II.Main Tasks for 2010 今年是繼續(xù)應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)、保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的關(guān)鍵一年，是全面實(shí)現(xiàn)“十一五”規(guī)劃目標(biāo)、為“十二五”發(fā)展打好基礎(chǔ)的重要一年。

This is a crucial year for continuing to deal with the global financial crisis, maintaining steady and rapid economic development, and accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development.It is also an important year for achieving all the targets of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan and laying a solid foundation for development on the basis of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.今年發(fā)展環(huán)境雖然有可能好于去年，但是面臨的形勢(shì)極為復(fù)雜。各種積極變化和不利影響此長(zhǎng)彼消，短期問題和長(zhǎng)期矛盾相互交織，國內(nèi)因素和國際因素相互影響，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中“兩難”問題增多。從國際看，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)有望恢復(fù)性增長(zhǎng)，國際金融市場(chǎng)漸趨穩(wěn)定，經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展的大趨勢(shì)沒有改變，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)格局大變革、大調(diào)整孕育著新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。同時(shí)，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇的基礎(chǔ)仍然脆弱，金融領(lǐng)域風(fēng)險(xiǎn)沒有完全消除，各國刺激政策退出抉擇艱難，國際大宗商品價(jià)格和主要貨幣匯率可能加劇波動(dòng)，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義明顯抬頭，加上氣候變化、糧食安全、能源資源等全球性問題錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜，外部環(huán)境不穩(wěn)定、不確定因素依

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

然很多。從國內(nèi)看，我國仍處在重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期。經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好的基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)一步鞏固，市場(chǎng)信心增強(qiáng)，擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需和改善民生的政策效應(yīng)繼續(xù)顯現(xiàn)，企業(yè)適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)變化的能力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力不斷提高。但是，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中仍然存在一些突出矛盾和問題。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)內(nèi)生動(dòng)力不足，自主創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，部分行業(yè)產(chǎn)能過剩矛盾突出，結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整難度加大；就業(yè)壓力總體上持續(xù)增加和結(jié)構(gòu)性用工短缺的矛盾并存；農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收的基礎(chǔ)不穩(wěn)固；財(cái)政金融領(lǐng)域潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加；醫(yī)療、教育、住房、收入分配、社會(huì)管理等方面的突出問題亟待解決。我們必須全面、正確判斷形勢(shì)，決不能把經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好的趨勢(shì)等同于經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行根本好轉(zhuǎn)。要增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)，充分利用有利條件和積極因素，努力化解矛盾，更加周密地做好應(yīng)對(duì)各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)的準(zhǔn)備，牢牢把握工作的主動(dòng)權(quán)。

Although this year's development environment may be better than last year’s, we still face a very complex situation.Some positive changes and negative influences are growing while others are diminishing.Short-term and long-term problems are interwoven, domestic and international factors mutually affect each other, and the dilemmas facing economic and social development are increasing.Internationally, the global economy will hopefully turn around.International financial markets are stabilizing, and the overall trend toward increased economic globalization has not changed.Considerable changes and adjustments in the world economic structure will bring new development opportunities.At the same time, many destabilizing factors and uncertainties remain in our external environment.The foundation for global economic recovery remains weak;financial risks have not been completely eliminated;individual countries face difficult choices in phasing out their stimulus policies;larger fluctuations may occur in the prices of major commodities and exchange rates among the major currencies;trade protectionism is clearly reasserting itself;and global problems such as climate change, food security and energy and resource supplies remain complex.Domestically, our country is still in an important period of strategic opportunities.The foundation for economic turnaround is becoming stronger, market confidence has increased, the policy we adopted to boost domestic demand and improve people's wellbeing continues to show results, and enterprises are constantly becoming more competitive and better able to adapt to market changes.Nevertheless, there are still some serious problems affecting economic and social development.There is insufficient internal impetus driving economic growth;our independent innovation capability is not strong;there is still considerable excess production capacity in some industries and it is becoming more difficult to restructure them;while the pressure on employment is constantly growing overall, there is a structural shortage of labor;the foundation for keeping agricultural production and farmers' incomes growing steadily is weak;latent risks in the banking and public finance sectors are increasing;and major problems in the areas of healthcare, education, housing, income distribution and public administration urgently require solutions.We must make a comprehensive and correct judgment of the situation, and we must not interpret the economic turnaround as a fundamental improvement in the economic situation.We need to strengthen our awareness of potential dangers, make full use of favorable conditions and positive factors, strive to resolve problems, make even more thorough preparations to deal with risks and challenges of all kinds, and firmly keep the initiative in our work.做好今年的政府工作，要認(rèn)真貫徹黨的十七大和十七屆三中、四中全會(huì)精神，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，著力搞好宏觀調(diào)控和保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，著力加快經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，著力推進(jìn)改革開放和自主創(chuàng)新，著力改善民生和促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，全面推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，加快全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)進(jìn)程，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)又好又快發(fā)展。

To do a good job of our government work this year, we need to conscientiously implement the guiding principles of the Seventeenth National Party Congress and the third and fourth plenary sessions of the Seventeenth Central Committee;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;thoroughly implement the Scientific Outlook on Development;strive to apply macro-control appropriately and maintain steady and rapid economic development;work hard to accelerate economic restructuring and the transformation of the pattern of economic development;press ahead with reform and opening up and with independent innovation;strive to improve people's wellbeing and to promote social harmony and stability;make headway with our efforts to encourage socialist economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological development;pick up the pace of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects;and work hard to achieve sound, rapid economic and social development.今年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)8％左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)900萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.6％

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

以內(nèi)；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3％左右；國際收支狀況改善。這里要著重說明，提出國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)8％左右，主要是強(qiáng)調(diào)好字當(dāng)頭，引導(dǎo)各方面把工作重點(diǎn)放到轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)上來。提出居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3％左右，綜合考慮了去年價(jià)格變動(dòng)的翹尾因素、國際大宗商品價(jià)格的傳導(dǎo)效應(yīng)、國內(nèi)貨幣信貸增長(zhǎng)的滯后影響以及居民的承受能力，并為資源環(huán)境稅費(fèi)和資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格改革留有一定空間。

This year the main targets we have set for economic and social development are: increasing GDP by approximately 8%, creating jobs for more than 9 million people entering the urban workforce, keeping the urban registered unemployment rate no higher than 4.6%, holding the rise in consumer prices to around 3%, and improving the balance of payments.Here I would like to stress that in targeting a GDP increase of around 8%, we are emphasizing sound development, and we need to guide all sectors to focus on transforming the pattern of economic development and restructuring the economy in their work.By targeting an increase in consumer prices of around 3%, we are giving full consideration to the carry-over effects of last year's price changes, the reverberations caused by price changes for major international commodities, the continued impact of increases in domestic supplies of money and credit;and consumers' ability to bear price increases, while also leaving room for reform in resource and environment taxes and fees and in the pricing of resource products.今年要重點(diǎn)抓好八個(gè)方面工作：

This year we will focus on the following eight areas.（一）提高宏觀調(diào)控水平，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

1.Exercising better macro-control and maintaining steady and rapid economic development 要繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，保持政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性，根據(jù)新形勢(shì)新情況不斷提高政策的針對(duì)性和靈活性，把握好政策實(shí)施的力度、節(jié)奏和重點(diǎn)。處理好保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展、調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和管理好通脹預(yù)期的關(guān)系。既要保持足夠的政策力度、鞏固經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好的勢(shì)頭，又要加快經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)〉脤?shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，還要管理好通脹預(yù)期、穩(wěn)定物價(jià)總水平。

We need to continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We need to maintain continuity and stability in our policies while constantly making them better-targeted and more flexible as circumstances and conditions change, and keep a good grasp of the intensity, pace and focus of their implementation.We need to skillfully handle the relationship between maintaining steady and rapid economic development, restructuring the economy and managing inflation expectations.We not only need to maintain sufficient policy intensity and consolidate the momentum of the economic turnaround, but we also need to accelerate economic restructuring and make substantive progress in transforming the pattern of economic development.In addition, we need to manage inflation expectations well and keep the overall level of prices stable.繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策。

We will continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy.一是保持適度的財(cái)政赤字和國債規(guī)模。今年擬安排財(cái)政赤字10500億元，其中中央財(cái)政赤字8500億元，繼續(xù)代發(fā)地方債2000億元并納入地方財(cái)政預(yù)算。這樣的安排主要是考慮到今年財(cái)政收支矛盾仍然十分突出。從財(cái)政收入看，上一年一次性特殊增收措施沒有或減少了，還要繼續(xù)實(shí)施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅政策，財(cái)政收入增長(zhǎng)不會(huì)太快；從財(cái)政支出看，繼續(xù)實(shí)施應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)的一攬子計(jì)劃，完成在建項(xiàng)目、加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、推進(jìn)改革、改善民生、維護(hù)穩(wěn)定等都需要增加投入。

First, we will keep the deficit and government bonds at appropriate levels.This year, we have projected a deficit of 1.05 trillion yuan, which consists of 850 billion yuan in central government deficit and 200 billion yuan in local government bonds, which will be included in local government budgets.These arrangements are based mainly on the consideration that this year revenue will fall significantly short of expenditures.Regarding revenue, last year's one-off measures to increase revenue will either not be repeated or will be decreased.We also need to continue to implement the policy of structural tax reductions;consequently, revenue will not increase very quickly.Regarding expenditures, we will continue to implement the package plan for dealing with the global financial crisis, and increase spending to complete work on projects now under construction, strengthen weak links, carry forward reform, improve people's wellbeing and maintain stability.二是繼續(xù)實(shí)施結(jié)構(gòu)性減稅政策，促進(jìn)擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

Second, we will continue to implement the structural tax reduction policy to expand domestic demand and promote economic restructuring.三是優(yōu)化財(cái)政支出結(jié)構(gòu)，有保有壓，把錢花在刀刃上。繼續(xù)向“三農(nóng)”、民生、社會(huì)事業(yè)等領(lǐng)域傾斜，支持節(jié)能環(huán)保、自主創(chuàng)新和欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的建設(shè)。嚴(yán)格控制一般性支出，大力壓縮公用經(jīng)費(fèi)。

Third, we will improve the structure of expenditures, maintain expenditures in some areas while reducing them in others, and spend our money where it counts the most.We will continue to give preference to agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, and to improving people's wellbeing and developing social programs.We will support energy conservation, environmental protection, independent innovation, and development in underdeveloped areas.We will strictly control regular expenditures, and do all we can to reduce public spending.四是切實(shí)加強(qiáng)政府性債務(wù)管理，增強(qiáng)內(nèi)外部約束力，有效防范和化解潛在財(cái)政風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。同時(shí)，要依法加強(qiáng)稅收征管和非稅收入管理，嚴(yán)厲打擊偷騙稅行為，做到應(yīng)收盡收。

Fourth, we will effectively improve government debt management, strengthen internal and external restraints, and effectively guard against and fend off latent public finance risks.In addition, we need to strengthen tax collection and supervision as well as supervision of non-tax revenue in accordance with the law, strictly crack down on tax fraud, and collect all due taxes.繼續(xù)實(shí)施適度寬松的貨幣政策。

We will continue to implement a moderately easy monetary policy.一是保持貨幣信貸合理充裕。今年廣義貨幣M2增長(zhǎng)目標(biāo)為17％左右，新增人民幣貸款7.5萬億元左右。這兩個(gè)指標(biāo)雖然都低于去年實(shí)際執(zhí)行結(jié)果，但仍然是一個(gè)適度寬松的政策目標(biāo)，能夠滿足經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的合理資金需求。同時(shí)也有利于管理好通脹預(yù)期、提高金融支持經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性。

First, we will ensure that there are proper and sufficient supplies of money and credit.This year's target for expanding the broad money supply(M2)is around 17%, and we will increase the total quantity of renminbi loans by approximately 7.5 trillion yuan.Although both of these increases are less than the actual increases last year, they are still moderately easy policy goals, and they can satisfy reasonable financial demands of economic and social development.In addition, these goals are beneficial for managing inflation expectations and making financial support for economic development more sustainable.二是優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)。落實(shí)有保有控的信貸政策，加強(qiáng)對(duì)重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)的支持，有效緩解農(nóng)戶和小企業(yè)融資難問題，嚴(yán)格控制對(duì)“兩高”行業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的貸款。強(qiáng)化貸后管理，確保信貸資金支持實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)。

Second, we will improve the credit structure.We will implement a credit policy that guarantees credit in some areas and limits it in others;increase support for important areas and weak links;effectively alleviate the difficulties farmers and small businesses have in obtaining financing;and strictly control loans to industries that are energy-intensive, highly polluting or saddled with overcapacity.We will strengthen post-loan supervision and ensure that loans are used to support the real economy.三是積極擴(kuò)大直接融資。完善多層次資本市場(chǎng)體系，擴(kuò)大股權(quán)和債券融資規(guī)模，更好地滿足多樣化投融資需求。

Third, we will actively expand direct financing.We will improve the system of multilevel capital markets, increase financing by selling equities and issuing bonds, and better satisfy the diverse demand for investment and financing.四是加強(qiáng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，提高金融監(jiān)管有效性。探索建立宏觀審慎管理制度，強(qiáng)化對(duì)跨境資本流動(dòng)的有效監(jiān)控，防范各類金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。繼續(xù)完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，保持人民幣匯率在合理、均衡水平上的基本穩(wěn)定。

Fourth, we will strengthen risk management and make financial oversight and supervision more effective.We will explore ways to establish a system of prudent macro management, strengthen the monitoring of the cross-border flow of capital, and guard against all kinds of financial risks.We will continue to improve the mechanism for setting the renminbi exchange rate and keep it basically stable at an appropriate and balanced level.積極擴(kuò)大居民消費(fèi)需求。繼續(xù)提高農(nóng)民收入、企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金、部分優(yōu)撫對(duì)象待遇和城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障水平，增強(qiáng)居民特別是中低收入者消費(fèi)能力。鞏固擴(kuò)大傳統(tǒng)消費(fèi)，積極培育信息、旅游、文化、健身、培訓(xùn)、養(yǎng)老、家庭服務(wù)等消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn)，促進(jìn)消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)信貸。加強(qiáng)商貿(mào)流通體系等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，積極發(fā)展電子商務(wù)。整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

努力營(yíng)造便利、安全、放心的消費(fèi)環(huán)境。繼續(xù)實(shí)施和完善鼓勵(lì)消費(fèi)的各項(xiàng)政策措施。大幅提高家電下鄉(xiāng)產(chǎn)品最高限價(jià)，增加品種和型號(hào)，擴(kuò)大補(bǔ)貼范圍，完善補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和辦法，加強(qiáng)對(duì)中標(biāo)企業(yè)的管理和考核，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和服務(wù)水平；完善家電、汽車以舊換新和汽車、摩托車下鄉(xiāng)政策，小排量汽車購置稅按7.5％征收。我們一定要落實(shí)好這些政策措施，把好事辦好，真正讓廣大群眾得到實(shí)惠。

We will energetically expand consumer demand.We will continue to increase farmers' incomes, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, allowances to some entitled groups, subsistence allowances for urban and rural residents, and people's purchasing power, especially low-and middle-income earners.We will strengthen and expand traditional consumption, and promote the upgrading of the consumption structure by actively cultivating areas of high consumption, such as information, tourism, culture, fitness, training, services for the elderly and household services.We will increase consumer credit.We will strengthen infrastructure, such as the logistics system, and vigorously develop e-commerce.We will overhaul and standardize markets to create a convenient, safe and worry-free environment for consumers.We will continue to implement and improve all of our policies and measures for encouraging consumption.We will considerably raise the maximum price limits for home appliances sold, in the countryside, increase types of appliances and models eligible for subsidies, expand the scope of subsidies, improve the criteria for qualifying for subsidies and the way subsidies are granted, strengthen supervision and evaluation of enterprises that win bids for contracts, and raise the quality of products and services.We will improve the policies for getting consumers to trade-in old motor vehicles and home appliances for new ones and getting rural residents to buy motor vehicles, and set the purchase tax for small-displacement automobiles at 7.5%.We must implement these policies and measures, do meaningful work and do it well, and make sure the benefits reach the people.著力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。各級(jí)政府投資都要集中力量保重點(diǎn)，嚴(yán)格控制新開工項(xiàng)目，資金安排主要用于項(xiàng)目續(xù)建和收尾，切實(shí)防止出現(xiàn)“半拉子”工程。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)地震災(zāi)區(qū)恢復(fù)重建，保質(zhì)保量完成任務(wù)。鼓勵(lì)擴(kuò)大民間投資，完善和落實(shí)促進(jìn)民間投資的相關(guān)政策。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)投資管理，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行用地、節(jié)能、環(huán)保、安全等市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，切實(shí)防止重復(fù)建設(shè)。對(duì)有財(cái)政資金投入的建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，要加強(qiáng)全程監(jiān)督，堅(jiān)決避免以擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需為名，搞勞民傷財(cái)?shù)男蜗蠊こ毯驼?jī)工程。堅(jiān)持科學(xué)民主決策，確保公共投資真正用于推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展和改善人民生活，經(jīng)得起實(shí)踐和歷史的檢驗(yàn)。

We will strive to improve the investment structure.Government investment at all levels needs to be concentrated in the most important areas, and the launching of new projects must be strictly controlled.It should be used mainly for carrying on and completing projects, and we need to ensure that projects are not stopped midway.We will steadily move forward with the recovery and reconstruction of quake-hit areas, and make sure quality and quantity targets are met.We will encourage greater non-government investment, and improve and implement policies to achieve this goal.We will strengthen and improve the supervision of investment;strictly enforce market entry standards and industrial policies concerning land use, energy conservation, environmental protection, and safety;and effectively prevent redundant construction.For projects financed through the public treasury, relevant departments need to exercise oversight of the entire course of the project, and we must prevent the construction of image and vanity projects that waste manpower and money in the name of boosting domestic demand.We will adhere to scientific and democratic decision making, and ensure that public funds are spent on projects that promote economic and social development and improve people's lives and that will stand the test of practice and history.（二）加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，調(diào)整優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)

2.Accelerating the transformation of the pattern of economic development and adjusting and optimizing the economic structure 轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式刻不容緩。要大力推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)、內(nèi)生增長(zhǎng)的發(fā)展軌道。

We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development.We will work hard to put economic development onto the track of endogenous growth driven by innovation.繼續(xù)推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)調(diào)整振興。

We will continue to promote restructuring and revitalization in key industries.一是加大技術(shù)改造力度。用好技改專項(xiàng)資金，引導(dǎo)企業(yè)開發(fā)新產(chǎn)品和節(jié)能降耗。

First, we will intensify technological upgrading.We will effectively use funds for technological upgrading to

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

guide enterprises in developing new products, saving energy and reducing resource consumption.二是促進(jìn)企業(yè)兼并重組。打破行業(yè)壟斷和地區(qū)封鎖，推動(dòng)優(yōu)勢(shì)企業(yè)兼并困難企業(yè)，加快淘汰落后產(chǎn)能。

Second, we will encourage mergers and reorganization of enterprises.We will break industry monopolies;remove regional blockades, support superior enterprises in acquiring ones in financial difficulties;and close down backward production facilities more quickly.三是全面提升產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量。引導(dǎo)企業(yè)以品牌、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、服務(wù)和效益為重點(diǎn)，健全質(zhì)量管理體系，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)責(zé)任。切實(shí)加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管和誠信體系建設(shè)，努力把我國產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提高到新水平。

Third, we will comprehensively raise product quality.We will guide enterprises to improve their quality management systems;focusing on brands, standards, service, and performance, and to enhance their sense of social responsibility: We will effectively strengthen the market oversight and credibility systems, and strive to raise the quality of China's products to a new level.大力培育戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。國際金融危機(jī)正在催生新的科技革命和產(chǎn)業(yè)革命。發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)，搶占經(jīng)濟(jì)科技制高點(diǎn)，決定國家的未來，必須抓住機(jī)遇，明確重點(diǎn)，有所作為。要大力發(fā)展新能源、新材料、節(jié)能環(huán)保、生物醫(yī)藥、信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)和高端制造產(chǎn)業(yè)。積極推進(jìn)新能源汽車、“三網(wǎng)”融合取得實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展，加快物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的研發(fā)應(yīng)用。加大對(duì)戰(zhàn)略性新興產(chǎn)業(yè)的投入和政策支持。

We will foster emerging industries of strategic importance.The global financial crisis is hastening the birth of a new technological and industrial revolution.It is of decisive importance for the future of our country that we develop emerging industries of strategic importance and capture the economic, scientific and technological high ground;therefore, we must seize opportunities, identify priorities, and achieve results.We need to vigorously develop new energy sources, new materials, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine, information networks, and high-end manufacturing industries.We will make substantive progress in developing motor vehicles powered by new energy sources and in integrating telecommunications networks, cable television networks, and the Internet, and accelerate R&D in and application of the Internet of Things.We will also increase investment in and policy support for emerging industries of strategic importance.進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)中小企業(yè)發(fā)展。

We will further promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.一是建立和完善中小企業(yè)服務(wù)體系。抓緊修訂中小企業(yè)劃分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，加快中小企業(yè)公共服務(wù)平臺(tái)、信息服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和小企業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)基地建設(shè)，進(jìn)一步減少、簡(jiǎn)化行政審批，堅(jiān)決清理和取消不合理收費(fèi)。

First, we will set up a sound service system for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will promptly revise the criteria for classifying such enterprises, accelerate the development of a public service platform and an information service network for them and bases for small business startups, continue to reduce and streamline administrative examination and approval procedures, and resolutely sort out fees and eliminate unreasonable ones.二是繼續(xù)落實(shí)財(cái)政對(duì)中小企業(yè)支持政策。中央財(cái)政扶持中小企業(yè)發(fā)展專項(xiàng)資金安排106億元。對(duì)部分小型微利企業(yè)實(shí)行所得稅優(yōu)惠政策。中央財(cái)政預(yù)算內(nèi)技術(shù)改造專項(xiàng)投資要覆蓋中小企業(yè)，地方政府也要加大投入。

Second, we will continue to implement the policy of fiscal support for small and medium-sized enterprises.The central government will allocate 10.6 billion yuan to support their development.A preferential income tax policy for small enterprises with low profits will be implemented.Small and medium-sized enterprises will be eligible to receive money from special funds for technological upgrading in the central budget, and local governments should also increase investment in technological upgrading.三是加強(qiáng)對(duì)中小企業(yè)的金融支持。完善小企業(yè)信貸考核體系。鼓勵(lì)建立小企業(yè)貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)補(bǔ)償基金。中小企業(yè)貸款稅前全額撥備損失準(zhǔn)備金。發(fā)展多層次中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保體系，落實(shí)好對(duì)符合條件的中小企業(yè)信用擔(dān)保機(jī)構(gòu)免征營(yíng)業(yè)稅、準(zhǔn)備金提取和代償損失在稅前扣除的政策。拓寬中小企業(yè)融資渠道，切實(shí)解決中小企業(yè)特別是小企業(yè)融資難問題。

Third, we will provide better financial support for small and medium-sized enterprises.We will improve the credit assessment system for small enterprises, and encourage the establishment of a loan risk compensation fund for them.We will allow full tax deductions for loan loss reserves for loans to small and medium-sized enterprises.We will develop a multilevel system of credit guarantees for these enterprises, and implement the policy of exempting business

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

tax for qualified credit guarantee agencies serving them and allow those agencies to exempt withdrawals from reserve funds and compensation for losses from taxation.We will expand channels for small and medium-sized enterprises to obtain financing in order to effectively solve their financing problems, especially those of small enterprises.加快發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)。進(jìn)一步提高服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展水平和在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的比重。大力發(fā)展金融、物流、信息、研發(fā)、工業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)、商務(wù)、節(jié)能環(huán)保服務(wù)等面向生產(chǎn)的服務(wù)業(yè)，促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)與現(xiàn)代制造業(yè)有機(jī)融合。大力發(fā)展市政公用事業(yè)、房地產(chǎn)和物業(yè)服務(wù)、社區(qū)服務(wù)等面向民生的服務(wù)業(yè)，加快發(fā)展旅游業(yè)，積極拓展新型服務(wù)領(lǐng)域。農(nóng)村服務(wù)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱、發(fā)展?jié)摿Υ螅涌鞓?gòu)建和完善以生產(chǎn)銷售、科技信息和金融服務(wù)為主體的農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活服務(wù)體系。加快建立公開平等規(guī)范的服務(wù)業(yè)準(zhǔn)入制度，鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)資本進(jìn)入。進(jìn)一步完善促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)國家鼓勵(lì)類服務(wù)業(yè)用電、用水、用氣、用熱與工業(yè)基本同價(jià)。

We will accelerate the development of the service sector.We will further raise the development level of the service sector and its proportion of the national economy.We will vigorously develop production-oriented service industries, including finance, logistics, information, R&D, industrial design, commerce, energy conservation, and environmental protection services, and promote the intimate integration of service industries with modern manufacturing industries.We will also develop public utilities, real estate, and property management services, community services and other service industries closely related to people's wellbeing.We will accelerate the development of tourism and expand new types of services.In view of the weak foundation and great potential of the service sector in rural areas, we need to accelerate the establishment of a sound system of rural workplace and consumer services, mainly revolving around production, sales, scientific and technological information, and financial services.We will speed up the establishment of an open, fair, and standardized system for licensing service providers and encourage the participation of non-government capital.We will further improve policies for promoting development in the service sector, and gradually lower the electricity, water, gas, and heat rates for service industries encouraged by the state to the same levels charged to industrial enterprises.打好節(jié)能減排攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)和持久戰(zhàn)。

We will strive to conserve energy and reduce emissions.一要以工業(yè)、交通、建筑為重點(diǎn)，大力推進(jìn)節(jié)能，提高能源效率。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)十大重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程、千家企業(yè)節(jié)能行動(dòng)和節(jié)能產(chǎn)品惠民工程，形成全社會(huì)節(jié)能的良好風(fēng)尚。今年要新增8000萬噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤的節(jié)能能力。所有新建、改建、擴(kuò)建燃煤機(jī)組必須同步建成并運(yùn)行煙氣脫硫設(shè)施。

First, we will energetically promote energy conservation and raise the efficiency of energy consumption, especially in industry, transportation, and construction.We will make solid progress in the ten major energy conservation projects, the campaign to save energy in 1,000 enterprises, and the project to promote energy-efficient products that benefit the people, and make saving energy a good habit throughout society.We will increase our energy-saving capacity by an equivalent of 80 million tons of standard coal.Every newly built, renovated or expanded coal-fired power generating unit must be equipped with and continuously employ desulphurization equipment.二要加強(qiáng)環(huán)境保護(hù)。積極推進(jìn)重點(diǎn)流域區(qū)域環(huán)境治理及城鎮(zhèn)污水垃圾處理、農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染治理、重金屬污染綜合整治等工作。新增城鎮(zhèn)污水日處理能力1500萬立方米、垃圾日處理能力6萬噸。

Second, we will strengthen environmental protection.We will work to improve the environment in key watersheds and regions, treat urban sewage and garbage, deal with pollution from non-point agricultural sources, and comprehensively clean up heavy metal pollution.In urban areas, the daily sewage treatment capacity will increase by 15 million cubic meters and the daily garbage disposal capacity will grow by 60,000 tons.三要積極發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)和節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)。支持循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)研發(fā)、示范推廣和能力建設(shè)。抓好節(jié)能、節(jié)水、節(jié)地、節(jié)材工作。推進(jìn)礦產(chǎn)資源綜合利用、工業(yè)廢物回收利用、余熱余壓發(fā)電和生活垃圾資源化利用。

Third, we will energetically develop a circular economy and the energy conservation and environmental protection industries.For the circular economy, we will support R&D in technology, demonstrations and applications, and capacity building.We will save energy, water, land and materials.We will comprehensively utilize mineral resources, recycle industrial waste, use by-product heat and pressure to generate electricity, and transform household solid waste into resources.四要積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化。大力開發(fā)低碳技術(shù)，推廣高效節(jié)能技術(shù)，積極發(fā)展新能源和可再生能源，加強(qiáng)智能電網(wǎng)建設(shè)。加快

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

國土綠化進(jìn)程，增加森林碳匯，新增造林面積不低于8880萬畝。要努力建設(shè)以低碳排放為特征的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系和消費(fèi)模式，積極參與應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國際合作，推動(dòng)全球應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化取得新進(jìn)展。

Fourth, we will actively respond to climate change.We will improve our ability to adapt to it and ameliorate its effects.We will work hard to develop low-carbon technologies;promote application of highly efficient, energy-conserving technologies;develop new and renewable energies;and intensify development of smart power grids.We will accelerate afforestation, increase forest carbon sinks and expand our forests by at least 5.92 million hectares.We need to energetically build an industrial system and consumption pattern with low carbon emissions.We will participate in international cooperation to address climate changes and work for further progress in the global fight against climate change.推進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。繼續(xù)深入推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)，全面振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地，大力促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起，積極支持東部地區(qū)率先發(fā)展。認(rèn)真落實(shí)促進(jìn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)規(guī)劃和政策。加快推進(jìn)主體功能區(qū)建設(shè)。重點(diǎn)抓好西藏和四省藏區(qū)、新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展政策的制定和實(shí)施工作。加強(qiáng)對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)和貧困地區(qū)的支持。實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略，重在發(fā)揮各地比較優(yōu)勢(shì)，有針對(duì)性地解決各地發(fā)展中的突出矛盾和問題；重在扭轉(zhuǎn)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展差距擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)，增強(qiáng)發(fā)展的協(xié)調(diào)性；重在加快完善公共財(cái)政體系，促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。

We will promote balanced economic development between regions.We will continue to develop the western region on a large scale, comprehensively reinvigorate the old industrial bases in northeast China and elsewhere, energize the development of the central region, and support the eastern region in taking the lead in development.We will conscientiously implement all plans and policies for promoting regional economic and social development.We will accelerate growth of development priority zones.We will focus on formulating and implementing policies for economic and social development in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Tibetan ethnic areas in Sichuan, Yunnan, Gansu and Qinghai provinces.We will increase support for old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poverty-stricken areas.When implementing the overall strategy for regional development, we will emphasize exploiting different regions' comparative advantages and making well-targeted efforts to solve major problems arising in the course of development in each region.We will focus on reversing the growing gap in economic and social development between regions, balancing their development better, accelerating the improvement of the public finance system, and snaking access to basic public services more equal.（三）加大統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展力度，強(qiáng)化農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)

3.Improving the balance between urban and rural development and strengthening the foundation for the development of agriculture and rural areas 在連續(xù)6年增產(chǎn)增收之后，更要毫不松懈地抓好“三農(nóng)”工作。要按照統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展的要求，堅(jiān)持把解決好“三農(nóng)”問題作為全部工作的重中之重，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化強(qiáng)農(nóng)惠農(nóng)政策，協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)工業(yè)化、城鎮(zhèn)化和農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化，鞏固和發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村好形勢(shì)。

After six consecutive years of increases in grain output and rural incomes, it is vital we sustain our good work in the areas of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers.In accordance with the requirements for balancing urban and rural development, we need to make solving problems faced by agriculture, rural areas, and farmers a top priority in all our work;further strengthen our policies to aid agriculture and benefit farmers;coordinate industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural and rural modernization;and consolidate and build upon the good situation in agriculture and rural areas.促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。穩(wěn)定糧食生產(chǎn)，擴(kuò)大油料種植面積，增加重要緊缺農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)，大規(guī)模開展糧棉油糖高產(chǎn)創(chuàng)建，大規(guī)模開展園藝產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)和畜牧水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化創(chuàng)建，保障“米袋子”、“菜籃子”安全。繼續(xù)實(shí)施對(duì)種糧農(nóng)民直接補(bǔ)貼，增加農(nóng)資綜合補(bǔ)貼、良種補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼，中央財(cái)政擬安排補(bǔ)貼資金1335億元，比上年增加60.4億元。進(jìn)一步提高糧食最低收購價(jià)，早秈稻、中晚秈稻、粳稻每斤分別提高3分、5分和1毛錢，小麥每斤提高3分錢，繼續(xù)實(shí)施重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品臨時(shí)收儲(chǔ)政策，讓農(nóng)民得到更多實(shí)惠。加強(qiáng)對(duì)產(chǎn)糧大縣、養(yǎng)豬大縣、養(yǎng)牛大縣的財(cái)政扶持。大力發(fā)展農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)，支持批發(fā)市場(chǎng)和農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)升級(jí)改造，推動(dòng)生產(chǎn)與市場(chǎng)對(duì)接。促進(jìn)農(nóng)民就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)，多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入。進(jìn)一步加大扶貧開發(fā)力度。我們要堅(jiān)持不懈地消除貧困落后，讓農(nóng)民群眾早日過上富裕安康的生活。

We will promote the steady development of agriculture and a continuous increase in rural incomes.We will keep grain production stable;expand the total area sown with oilseed;increase supplies of important agricultural products

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

in short supply;implement a large-scale effort to increase the production of grain, cotton, oilseed, and sugar;standardize farming practices in horticulture, animal husbandry, and aquaculture;and ensure the security of the “rice bag”(grain supply)and “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply).We will continue to provide direct subsidies for grain producers, and increase general subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies and subsidies for purchasing superior crop varieties and agricultural machinery and tools.The central government will allocate 133.5 billion yuan for this purpose, a year-on-year increase of 6.04 billion yuan.We will further raise minimum grain purchase prices.The minimum prices of early indica rice, middle-season and late indica rice and japonica rice will be raised by 0.06 yuan, 0.1 yuan and 0.2 yuan per kilogram respectively, and the minimum price of wheat will be raised by 0.06 yuan per kilogram.We will continue to implement the policy of purchasing and temporarily stockpiling major agricultural products and give farmers more tangible benefits.We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing, pork-producing, and cattle farming counties.We will vigorously develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support the upgrading and renovation of wholesale markets and markets for farm produce, and promote closer linkage between production and the market.We will help rural residents find jobs or start their own businesses, and increase rural incomes through a variety of channels.We will intensify poverty alleviation and development and work tirelessly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。堅(jiān)持財(cái)政支出優(yōu)先支持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村發(fā)展，預(yù)算內(nèi)固定資產(chǎn)投資優(yōu)先投向農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和農(nóng)村民生工程，土地出讓收益優(yōu)先用于農(nóng)業(yè)土地開發(fā)和農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。中央財(cái)政擬安排“三農(nóng)”投入8183億元，比上年增加930億元，地方各級(jí)財(cái)政也要增加投入。以主產(chǎn)區(qū)為重點(diǎn)，全面實(shí)施全國新增千億斤糧食生產(chǎn)能力建設(shè)規(guī)劃。以農(nóng)田水利為重點(diǎn)，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，加快大中型灌區(qū)的配套改造，擴(kuò)大節(jié)水灌溉面積，建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田，完成大中型和重點(diǎn)小型病險(xiǎn)水庫除險(xiǎn)加固任務(wù)。以良種培育為重點(diǎn)，加快農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新和推廣，實(shí)施好轉(zhuǎn)基因生物新品種培育科技重大專項(xiàng)。積極推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)示范區(qū)建設(shè)。加快建設(shè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)和區(qū)域性農(nóng)技推廣、動(dòng)植物疫病防控、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管等公共服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。

We will strengthen agricultural infrastructure.We will continue to give high priority in government spending to supporting agricultural and rural development.In the budget, our priority for fixed asset investment will be agricultural infrastructure and projects that improve the wellbeing of rural residents, and our priority for use of proceeds from the transfer of land-use rights will be developing agricultural land and building rural infrastructure.The central government plans to allocate 818.3 billion yuan for agriculture, farmers, and rural areas, an increase of 93 billion yuan over last year, and local governments at all levels will also increase their investment.We will comprehensively implement the plan to increase grain production by 50 billion kilograms nationwide, with the emphasis on major grain-producing regions.Focusing on water conservancy, we will improve agricultural infrastructure, accelerate related upgrades of large and mediumsized irrigated areas, expand the area in which water-conserving irrigation methods are used, create high-grade cropland, and finish reinforcing dilapidated large, medium-sized, and key small reservoirs.With the focus on breeding improved crop varieties, we will accelerate innovation in agricultural technology and the widespread adoption of scientific and technological advances, and carry out a major science and technology project to create new crop varieties using gene transfer technology.We will move forward with the construction of modem agriculture demonstration sites.We will accelerate the development of public services for extending agricultural technology, preventing and controlling animal and plant diseases, and providing quality oversight of agricultural products in townships, towns and regions.深化農(nóng)村改革。毫不動(dòng)搖地堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度，加快完善有關(guān)法律法規(guī)和政策，現(xiàn)有土地承包關(guān)系要保持穩(wěn)定并長(zhǎng)久不變。加強(qiáng)土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)的管理和服務(wù)，在依法自愿有償流轉(zhuǎn)基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展多種形式規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)農(nóng)村綜合改革。完善集體林權(quán)制度改革配套政策。啟動(dòng)國有林場(chǎng)改革。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)草原基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度改革。發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社，提高農(nóng)業(yè)組織化程度。加快培育小型農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)，積極推廣農(nóng)村小額信用貸款，切實(shí)改善農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)。深入推進(jìn)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)改革。

We will deepen rural reform.We will uphold the basic rural operation system;quickly improve relevant laws, regulations and policies;and maintain existing land contract relationships over the long term.We will strengthen supervision of and services for the transfer of contracted land use rights, and develop diverse large-scale farming operations on the basis of legal, voluntary, and compensated transfers of land-use rights.We will continue to carry out

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

comprehensive rural reform, improve supporting policies for the reform of tenure in collective forests, and launch the reform of state tree farms.We will continue to reform the basic system for the use of grasslands, develop specialized farmer cooperatives, improve the organization of agriculture, more quickly develop small rural financial institutions, actively promote micro-credit loans in rural areas, and improve rural financial services.We will also deepen reforms in township and town government departments.統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。堅(jiān)持走中國特色城鎮(zhèn)化道路，促進(jìn)大中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，著力提高城鎮(zhèn)綜合承載能力，發(fā)揮城市對(duì)農(nóng)村的輻射帶動(dòng)作用，促進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)良性互動(dòng)。壯大縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)，大力加強(qiáng)縣城和中心鎮(zhèn)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和環(huán)境建設(shè)，引導(dǎo)非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)和農(nóng)村人口有序向小城鎮(zhèn)集聚，鼓勵(lì)返鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)民工就地創(chuàng)業(yè)。城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)都要堅(jiān)持最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度和最嚴(yán)格的節(jié)約用地制度，切實(shí)保護(hù)農(nóng)民合法權(quán)益。推進(jìn)戶籍制度改革，放寬中小城市和小城鎮(zhèn)落戶條件。有計(jì)劃有步驟地解決好農(nóng)民工在城鎮(zhèn)的就業(yè)和生活問題，逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)民工在勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬、子女就學(xué)、公共衛(wèi)生、住房租購以及社會(huì)保障方面與城鎮(zhèn)居民享有同等待遇。進(jìn)一步增加農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活設(shè)施建設(shè)投入，啟動(dòng)新一輪農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)改造，擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村沼氣建設(shè)規(guī)模，今年再解決6000萬農(nóng)村人口的安全飲水問題，實(shí)施農(nóng)村清潔工程，改善農(nóng)村生產(chǎn)生活條件。我們要讓符合條件的農(nóng)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移人口逐步變?yōu)槌擎?zhèn)居民，也要讓農(nóng)民有一個(gè)幸福生活的美好家園。

We will balance promoting urbanization and building a new countryside.We will keep to the path of urbanization with Chinese characteristics.We will promote balanced development between towns and large, small and medium-sized cities;increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns;ensure that cities stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas;and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.We will strengthen county economies, improve infrastructure and environmental protection in county towns and hub towns, guide an orderly flow of nonagricultural industries and rural people to small towns, and encourage returned rural migrant workers to start businesses in their hometowns.When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest possible systems for protecting arable land and economizing land use to genuinely safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.We will carry out reform of the household registration system and relax requirements for household registration in towns and small and medium-sized cities.We will solve employment and living problems rural migrant workers face in cities and towns in a planned and step-by-step manner, and gradually ensure that they receive the same treatment as urban residents in areas such as pay, children's education, healthcare, housing, and social security.We will further increase spending on the development of rural work and living facilities, begin a new round of upgrades of rural power grids, expand the construction of rural methane facilities, provide safe drinking water to another 60 million rural people, carry out the project to build a clean countryside, and improve working and living conditions there.We will allow eligible workers who have left agricultural work to gradually become urban residents, and develop a beautiful rural environment where farmers can live a happy life.（四）全面實(shí)施科教興國戰(zhàn)略和人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略

4.Fully implementing the strategies of reinvigorating China through science and education and strengthening the nation through human resource development 教育、科技和人才，是國家強(qiáng)盛、民族振興的基石，也是綜合國力的核心。

Education, science, and human resources are the cornerstones of national prosperity and rejuvenation, and are also at the core of overall national strength.優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育事業(yè)。強(qiáng)國必先強(qiáng)教。只有一流的教育，才能培養(yǎng)一流人才，建設(shè)一流國家。要抓緊啟動(dòng)實(shí)施國家中長(zhǎng)期教育改革和發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要。著重抓好五個(gè)方面：

We will give high priority to the development of education.For a country to become strong, it must first strengthen education.First-class education is a prerequisite for cultivating high-caliber personnel and building a great country.We will promptly begin to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Education Reform and Development.We will focus on the following five areas.一是推進(jìn)教育改革。要解放思想，大膽突破，勇于創(chuàng)新，鼓勵(lì)試驗(yàn)，對(duì)辦學(xué)體制、教學(xué)內(nèi)容、教育方法、評(píng)價(jià)制度等進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)改革。堅(jiān)持育人為本，大力推進(jìn)素質(zhì)教育。探索適應(yīng)不同類型教育和人才成長(zhǎng)的學(xué)校管理體制和辦學(xué)模式，提高辦學(xué)和人才培養(yǎng)水平。鼓勵(lì)社會(huì)力量興辦教育，滿足群眾多樣化的教育需求。

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

First, we will advance education reform.We need to emancipate our minds, boldly make breakthroughs and innovations, encourage experimentation, and carry out a systematic reform of the system for operating schools, curricula, teaching methods, and evaluation systems.We will continue to give top priority to cultivating the integrity of students and vigorously promote well-rounded education.We will explore systems of school management and ways of providing education that are suitable for different types of education and the development of people with different skills, so that we run schools better and turn out better graduates.We will encourage nongovernmental sectors to run schools in order to meet people's diverse demands for education.二是促進(jìn)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展。在合理布局的基礎(chǔ)上，加快推進(jìn)中西部地區(qū)初中校舍改造和全國中小學(xué)校舍安全工程，盡快使所有學(xué)校的校舍、設(shè)備和師資達(dá)到規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。為農(nóng)村中小學(xué)班級(jí)配備多媒體遠(yuǎn)程教學(xué)設(shè)備，讓廣大農(nóng)村和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)的孩子共享優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源。加強(qiáng)學(xué)前教育和特殊教育學(xué)校建設(shè)。加大對(duì)少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)教育的支持。

Second, we will promote the balanced development of compulsory education.On the basis of a rational allocation of resources, we will accelerate the renovation of itmior secondary school buildings in the central and western regions.We will also accelerate implementation of the nationwide program for safe primary and secondary school buildings, and engtire that buildings, equipment and teaching staff in all schools reach established standards as soon as possible.We will provide multimedia distance learning facilities for rural primary and secondary schools so that children living in the vast rural and remote areas have access to quality education resources.We will improve preschool education and develop special education schools.We will increase educational support for ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas.三是繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育。以就業(yè)為目標(biāo)，整合教育資源，改進(jìn)教學(xué)方式，著力培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)能力。

Third, we will continue to strengthen vocational education.With the goal of helping students find jobs, we will integrate education resources, improve teaching methods;and focus on nurturing students' employability and entrepreneurial abilities.四是推進(jìn)高等學(xué)校管理體制和招生制度改革。進(jìn)一步落實(shí)高等學(xué)校辦學(xué)自主權(quán)，鼓勵(lì)高等學(xué)校適應(yīng)就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展需要，調(diào)整專業(yè)和課程設(shè)置，推動(dòng)高等學(xué)校人才培養(yǎng)、科技創(chuàng)新和學(xué)術(shù)發(fā)展緊密結(jié)合，激勵(lì)教師專注于教育，努力建設(shè)有特色、高水平大學(xué)。創(chuàng)建若干一流大學(xué)，培養(yǎng)杰出人才。中央財(cái)政要加大對(duì)中西部高等教育發(fā)展的支持。

Fourth, we will reform the management and admissions systems of institutions of higher learning.We will give them more decision-making power, encourage them to adjust their majors and curricula to Meet employment needs and the needs of economic and social development;more intimately integrate personnel training;scientific and technological innovation, and academic development;inspire their teachers to concentrate on education;and become high-level universities with their own distinctive features.We will develop a number of first-class universities that produce outstanding personnel.The central government will increase support for the development of higher education in the central and western regions.五是加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。從多方面采取措施，吸引優(yōu)秀人才投身教育事業(yè)，鼓勵(lì)他們終身從教。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育學(xué)校教師和校長(zhǎng)培訓(xùn)，鼓勵(lì)優(yōu)秀教師到農(nóng)村貧困地區(qū)從教。加強(qiáng)師德教育，增強(qiáng)教師的責(zé)任感和使命感。教育寄托著億萬家庭對(duì)美好生活的期盼，關(guān)系著民族素質(zhì)和國家未來。不普及和提高教育，國家不可能強(qiáng)盛。這個(gè)道理我們要永遠(yuǎn)銘記。

Fifth, we will improve the ranks of our teachers.We will take a variety of measures to attract outstanding personnel to pursue careers in education and devote their lives to it.We will focus on strengthening training for teachers and principals of rural compulsory education schools, and encourage excellent teachers to teach in impoverished rural areas.We will intensify education to improve the professional ethics of our teachers, and enhance their sense of responsibility and mission.Hundreds of millions of families place their hopes for a better life on education, and education has a direct bearing on the quality of the nation and the future of the country.A country cannot become strong and prosperous if it does not make education universal and improve its quality.We must always keep this in mind.大力發(fā)展科學(xué)技術(shù)。要認(rèn)真貫徹自主創(chuàng)新的方針，全面推進(jìn)創(chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)，加快實(shí)施科技重大專項(xiàng)。著力突破帶動(dòng)技術(shù)革命、促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)振興的關(guān)鍵科技問題，突破提高健康水平、保障改善民生的重大公益性科技問題，突破增強(qiáng)國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力、維護(hù)國家安全的戰(zhàn)略高技術(shù)問題。前瞻部署生物、納米、量子調(diào)控、信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)、氣候變化、空天海洋等領(lǐng)域基礎(chǔ)研究和前沿技術(shù)研究。

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

深化科技體制改革，著力解決科技與經(jīng)濟(jì)脫節(jié)的問題，推動(dòng)以企業(yè)為主體、市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向、產(chǎn)學(xué)研相結(jié)合的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)，促進(jìn)科技資源優(yōu)化配置、開放共享和高效利用。要大力實(shí)施知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)創(chuàng)造、應(yīng)用和保護(hù)。進(jìn)一步激發(fā)廣大科技工作者和全社會(huì)的創(chuàng)新活力。

We will vigorously develop science and technology.We need to earnestly implement the policy of independent innovation, comprehensively build an innovative country, and accelerate the implementation of our major science and technology programs.We need to concentrate on making breakthroughs in key scientific and technological problems that can drive the technological revolution forward and promote industrial invigoration, in major scientific and technological problems related to public welfare that can improve people's health and the quality of their lives, and in problems in strategic, high-tech fields that can enhance our country's international competitiveness and safeguard our national security.We will make farsighted arrangements for basic research and research in cutting-edge technologies in the fields of biology, nanoscience, quantum control, information networks, climate change, aerospace and oceanography.We will deepen the reform of the system for managing science and technology;strive to bridge the gap between science and technology and the economy;promote the development of a system of technological innovation in which enterprises play the leading role, the market provides orientation, and the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes are integrated;and promote optimal allocation, open sharing, and highly efficient use of scientific and technological resources.We will vigorously implement the strategy for intellectual property rights and strengthen the creation, application and protection of them.We will further arouse the creativity of scientists, engineers and all of society.加快人才資源開發(fā)。人才是

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

創(chuàng)新，培育骨干文化企業(yè)，生產(chǎn)更多健康向上的文化產(chǎn)品，滿足人民群眾多樣化的文化需求。促進(jìn)哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)、廣播影視、新聞出版、檔案事業(yè)發(fā)展，繁榮文學(xué)藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作，加強(qiáng)文物保護(hù)。積極開展對(duì)外文化交流，增強(qiáng)中華文化國際影響力。大力發(fā)展公共體育事業(yè)，廣泛開展全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng)，提高人民的身體素質(zhì)。中華民族不僅能夠創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)奇跡，也一定能夠創(chuàng)造新的文化輝煌。

Over the past year, we vigorously developed non-profit cultural programs, sped up the reform of the cultural management system, improved the system of public cultural services, stimulated the rapid growth of our culture industry, brought prosperity to the culture market, and effectively expanded domestic demand.In the new year, we need to pay greater attention to and vigorously promote cultural progress.We will draw upon and carry forward the fine traditional culture of the Chinese nation, draw on and make use of the achievements of the cultures of other countries, and build a home of spirit shared by the whole Chinese nation.Our government needs to better carry out its responsibility for developing non-profit cultural programs and ensure that the people's basic demands are met and that their rights and interests are protected.We will give high priority to the primary, level, especially rural areas and the central and western regions in developing cultural infrastructure and allocating public cultural resources;make admission to more art galleries, libraries, cultural centers and museums free of charge;and enrich the people's intellectual and cultural lives.We will continue to reform the cultural management system, support non-profit cultural programs, develop the culture industry, encourage cultural innovation, foster leading cultural enterprises, and produce more healthy and inspirational cultural works to meet the diverse cultural needs of our people.We will promote the development of philosophy, the social sciences, radio, television, film, the press, publishing, and archives;make literary and artistic creation flourish;and strengthen the protection of our cultural heritage.We will vigorously develop cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and make Chinese culture more influential internationally.We will energetically develop recreational sports, launch an extensive exercise campaign for the general public, and improve the people's health.The Chinese nation can not only create economic miracles but also make brilliant new cultural achievements.（六）著力保障和改善民生，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧進(jìn)步

6.Vigorously ensuring and improving people's wellbeing, and promoting social harmony and progress 改善民生是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的根本目的。只有著力保障和改善民生，經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展才有持久的動(dòng)力，社會(huì)進(jìn)步才有牢固的基礎(chǔ)，國家才能長(zhǎng)治久安。

Improving people's wellbeing is the fundamental goal of economic development.We can ensure that there is sustained impetus for economic development, a solid foundation for social progress, and lasting stability for the country only by working hard to ensure and improve people's wellbeing.千方百計(jì)擴(kuò)大就業(yè)。這是保障和改善民生的頭等大事。今年就業(yè)形勢(shì)依然嚴(yán)峻，工作上不能有絲毫松懈。要繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的就業(yè)政策。中央財(cái)政擬投入433億元用于促進(jìn)就業(yè)。重點(diǎn)做好高校畢業(yè)生、農(nóng)民工、就業(yè)困難人員就業(yè)和退伍轉(zhuǎn)業(yè)軍人就業(yè)安置工作。2009年到期的“五緩四減三補(bǔ)貼”就業(yè)扶持政策延長(zhǎng)一年。加強(qiáng)政策支持和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)，鼓勵(lì)高校畢業(yè)生到城鄉(xiāng)基層、中西部地區(qū)和中小企業(yè)就業(yè)；拓寬就業(yè)、擇業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)渠道，鼓勵(lì)自主創(chuàng)業(yè)、自謀職業(yè)等多種形式的靈活就業(yè)，以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)。建立健全公共投資帶動(dòng)就業(yè)的機(jī)制。繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，重點(diǎn)提高農(nóng)民工和城鄉(xiāng)新增勞動(dòng)力的就業(yè)能力。完善就業(yè)服務(wù)體系，健全勞動(dòng)力輸出輸入地區(qū)協(xié)調(diào)協(xié)作機(jī)制，引導(dǎo)勞動(dòng)力特別是農(nóng)民工有序流動(dòng)。加快建立統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的人力資源市場(chǎng)。維護(hù)勞動(dòng)者合法權(quán)益，構(gòu)建和諧的勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。我們要通過持之以恒的努力，創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，讓廣大勞動(dòng)者各盡所能、各得其所。

We will do everything in our power to increase employment.This is the top priority in our work of ensuring and improving people's wellbeing.This year the employment situation will still be serious, and we cannot slacken our efforts in the slightest.We need to continue to implement a proactive employment policy.The central government will allocate 43.3 billion yuan to stimulate employment.Emphasis will be given to helping college graduates, rural migrant workers, people experiencing employment difficulty, and demobilized military personnel find jobs.The “five-four-three” employment support policies, originally scheduled to expire in 2009, will be extended for another year.[These policies allow qualified enterprises to postpone their payments of five types of social security contributions;reduce urban workers' contributions to four types of insurance funds, namely medical insurance, unemployment insurance, workers' compensation, and maternity insurance;and continue three types of subsidized，

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

enterprise-based job training programs.Tr.] We will increase policy support and employment guidance to encourage college graduates to take community-level jobs in urban and rural areas, and jobs in the central and western regions and in small and medium-sized enterprises.We will expand channels for seeking employment and starting businesses.We will encourage different forms of flexible employment, including starting businesses and finding jobs independently.We will also encourage job growth through the creation of new businesses.We will establish a sound mechanism for stimulating employment through public investment.We will continue to strengthen vocational training, with the focus on increasing the employability of rural migrant workers and new members of the workforce in urban and rural areas.We will improve the employment services system, strengthen coordination and cooperation between labor-exporting and labor-importing regions, and guide workers in an orderly flow, especially rural migrant workers.We will accelerate the development of a unified and standardized human resources market.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers and establish harmonious labor relations.We will work tirelessly to create more job opportunities and to enable workers to tap their full potential and find suitable jobs.加快完善覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系。扎實(shí)推進(jìn)新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)，試點(diǎn)范圍擴(kuò)大到23%的縣。加快解決未參保集體企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老保障等遺留問題。將全國130萬“老工傷”人員全部納入工傷保險(xiǎn)范圍。積極推進(jìn)農(nóng)民工參加社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)低保工作，切實(shí)做到動(dòng)態(tài)管理、應(yīng)保盡保。加強(qiáng)殘疾人社會(huì)保障和服務(wù)體系建設(shè)，進(jìn)一步落實(shí)好扶殘助殘的各項(xiàng)政策，為他們平等參與社會(huì)生活創(chuàng)造更好的環(huán)境。企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金今年再提高10%。各級(jí)政府要進(jìn)一步增加社會(huì)保障投入，中央財(cái)政擬安排3185億元。要多渠道增加全國社會(huì)保障基金，加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管，實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值。我們要加快構(gòu)建更加完善的社會(huì)保障安全網(wǎng)，使人民生活有基本保障、無后顧之憂。

We will move faster to improve the social security system for both urban and rural residents.We will move steadily forward with the pilot program for a new old-age insurance system for rural residents by expanding it to 23% of the country's counties.We will act more quickly to solve longstanding problems, including the lack of basic old-age pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises that do not participate in group pension programs.Workers: compensation will be extended to all of the 1.3 million workers injured previous jobs who are not receiving benefits.We will work to extend coverage of social security to rural migrant workers.We will strengthen our work concerning subsistence allowances in both urban and rural areas, and ensure that it is managed in a manner that reflects changing conditions and that everyone who is entitled to such allowances receives them.We will work harder to build the social security and social services system for people with a disability, further implement policies for assisting and supporting them, and create a better environment for them to participate in social activities on an equal footing.We will increase basic old-age pensions for enterprise retirees by 10%.Governments at all levels need to spend more on social security, and the central government will appropriate 318.5 billion yuan for this purpose.We will increase the country's social security funds through multiple channels and strengthen oversight and supervision to maintain and increase their value.We will move faster to build a better social safety net to provide basic security to people and free them from worries.改革收入分配制度。合理的收入分配制度是社會(huì)公平正義的重要體現(xiàn)。我們不僅要通過發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，把社會(huì)財(cái)富這個(gè)“蛋糕”做大，也要通過合理的收入分配制度把“蛋糕”分好。要堅(jiān)持和完善按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式并存的分配制度，兼顧效率與公平，走共同富裕的道路。

We will reform the income distribution system.A rational income distribution system is an important manifestation of social fairness and justice.We will not only make the “pie” of social wealth bigger by developing the economy, but also distribute it well on the basis of a rational income distribution system.We need to uphold and improve the system in which distribution according to work is dominant and multiple forms of distribution coexist, give due consideration to efficiency and fairness, and take the path to common prosperity.一要抓緊制定調(diào)整國民收入分配格局的政策措施，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重。加大財(cái)政、稅收在收入初次分配和再分配中的調(diào)節(jié)作用。創(chuàng)造條件讓更多群眾擁有財(cái)產(chǎn)性收入。

First, we will promptly formulate policies and measures to adjust the distribution of national income, and gradually increase the proportion, of income individuals receive from the distribution of national income and the proportion of the primary distribution of income that goes to wages and salaries.We will strengthen the role of fiscal and taxation policies in adjusting the primary and secondary distribution of income.We will create conditions for

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

more people to earn income from property.二要深化壟斷行業(yè)收入分配制度改革。完善對(duì)壟斷行業(yè)工資總額和工資水平的雙重調(diào)控政策。嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國有企業(yè)、金融機(jī)構(gòu)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理人員特別是高管的收入，完善監(jiān)管辦法。

Second, we will deepen the reform of the income distribution system of monopoly industries.We will improve the policy of dual control over total payroll and wage scales in these industries.We will set strict standards for the income of executives, especially senior ones, of state-owned enterprises and financial institutions, and improve related oversight and supervision rules.三要進(jìn)一步規(guī)范收入分配秩序。堅(jiān)決打擊取締非法收入，規(guī)范灰色收入，逐步形成公開透明、公正合理的收入分配秩序，堅(jiān)決扭轉(zhuǎn)收入差距擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)。

Third, we will further standardize the pattern of income distribution.We will firmly crack down on and ban illegal income;regulate off-the-books income;gradually form a transparent, fair and rational pattern of income distribution;and resolutely reverse the widening income gap.促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展。要堅(jiān)決遏制部分城市房?jī)r(jià)過快上漲勢(shì)頭，滿足人民群眾的基本住房需求。

We will promote the steady and sound development of the real estate market.We will resolutely curb the precipitous rise of housing prices in some cities and satisfy people's basic need for housing.一是繼續(xù)大規(guī)模實(shí)施保障性安居工程。中央財(cái)政擬安排保障性住房專項(xiàng)補(bǔ)助資金632億元，比上年增加81億元。建設(shè)保障性住房300萬套，各類棚戶區(qū)改造住房280萬套。擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村危房改造試點(diǎn)范圍。各級(jí)政府要切實(shí)負(fù)起責(zé)任，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行建設(shè)計(jì)劃，確保土地、資金和優(yōu)惠政策落實(shí)到位。

First, we will continue to carry out low-income housing projects on a large scale.The central government will allocate 63.2 billion yuan for low-income housing, an increase of 8.1 billion yuan over last year.We will build 3 million housing units for low-income families and renovate 2 8 million housing units in run-down areas.We will expand the pilot program for renovating dilapidated houses in rural areas.Governments at all levels must genuinely take responsibility to ensure that the annual construction plan is strictly carried out and that policies concerning land, funding, and preferential treatment are implemented well.二是繼續(xù)支持居民自住性住房消費(fèi)。增加中低價(jià)位、中小套型普通商品房用地供應(yīng)，加快普通商品房項(xiàng)目審批和建設(shè)進(jìn)度。規(guī)范發(fā)展二手房市場(chǎng)，倡導(dǎo)住房租賃消費(fèi)。盤活住房租賃市場(chǎng)。

Second, we will continue to support the purchase of homes to be used as their owners' residences.We will increase the land supply for building small and medium-sized condominiums to be sold at low and medium price levels, and expedite the approval procedure for and construction of such housing projects.We will standardize and develop the market for used homes, encourage home renting, and stimulate rental housing market.三是抑制投機(jī)性購房。加大差別化信貸、稅收政策執(zhí)行力度。完善商品房預(yù)售制度。

Third, we will rein in speculative housing purchases.We will intensify the implementation of differentiated credit and tax policies.We will improve the advance purchase system for commodity housing.四是大力整頓和規(guī)范房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)秩序。完善土地收入管理使用辦法，抑制土地價(jià)格過快上漲。加大對(duì)圈地不建、捂盤惜售、哄抬房?jī)r(jià)等違法違規(guī)行為的查處力度。

Fourth, we will work to rectify and standardize the real estate market.We will improve the methods for managing and using income from land, and keep land prices from rising too fast.We will make greater efforts to deal with violations of laws and regulations such as keeping land unused, property hoarding, and price rigging.加快推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展。積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，全面落實(shí)五項(xiàng)重點(diǎn)工作。繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大基本醫(yī)療保障覆蓋面。今年要把城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)保和新農(nóng)合的財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提高到120元，比上年增長(zhǎng)50%，并適當(dāng)提高個(gè)人繳費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。開展農(nóng)村兒童白血病、先天性心臟病醫(yī)療保障試點(diǎn)，盡力為這些不幸的兒童和家庭提供更多幫助。在60％政府舉辦的基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)施基本藥物制度，其他醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)也要優(yōu)先選用基本藥物。推進(jìn)基本藥物集中采購和統(tǒng)一配送。基本完成城鄉(xiāng)基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)建設(shè)規(guī)劃，大規(guī)模開展適宜人才培養(yǎng)和培訓(xùn)。進(jìn)一步完善支持村衛(wèi)生室建設(shè)和鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生發(fā)展的政策措施。完善基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，落實(shí)崗位績(jī)效工資。開展社區(qū)首診試點(diǎn)，推動(dòng)形成基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)和醫(yī)院功能區(qū)分合理、協(xié)作配合、互相轉(zhuǎn)診的服務(wù)體系。切實(shí)加強(qiáng)甲型H1N1流感等重大傳染病防控和慢性病、職業(yè)病、地方病防治，提高突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急處置能力。開展公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)，堅(jiān)持基本醫(yī)療的公益性方向，創(chuàng)新體制機(jī)制，充分調(diào)動(dòng)醫(yī)務(wù)人員積極性，提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量，控制醫(yī)療費(fèi)

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

用，改善醫(yī)患關(guān)系。大力支持社會(huì)資本興辦醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)，在服務(wù)準(zhǔn)入、醫(yī)保定點(diǎn)等方面一視同仁。扶持和促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥、民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展。醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革發(fā)展關(guān)系人民身體健康和家庭幸福，我們要克服一切困難，把這個(gè)世界性難題解決好。

We will accelerate the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields.We will actively yet prudently carry forward the reform of the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and comprehensively accomplish five key tasks.We will continue to expand the coverage of guaranteed basic medical care.This year we will raise government subsidies on basic medical insurance for non-working urban residents and on the new type of rural cooperative medical care system to 120 yuan per person per year, up 50% over last year, and appropriately increase rates for individual contributions.We will carry out a pilot program for ensuring that rural children with leukemia or congenital heart disease receive medical treatment and provide more assistance to these less fortunate children and their families.We will install the basic drug system in 60% of community medical institutions and urge other medical institutions to give high priority to the use of basic drugs.We will promote the centralized purchase and unified distribution of basic drugs.We will basically complete the plan for building community medical institutions in urban and rural areas, undertake personnel education and training on a large scale, and further improve the policies and measures for supporting the development of village clinics and rural doctors.We will improve the mechanism for subsidizing community medical institutions and link salaries to performance.We will carry out a pilot program for making community medical institutions the first option in medical treatment and work to create a service system in which hospitals and community medical institutions(each with its own well-defined functions)coordinate and collaborate with each other and refer cases to each other.We will strengthen prevention and control of influenza A(H1N1)and other major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational, and endemic diseases, and enhance our ability to handle public health emergencies.We will carry out a pilot reform of public hospitals;maintain the non profit nature of bask medical services;make institutional and procedural innovations;boost the morale of medical workers;raise the quality of service;control medical costs;and improve relations between medical service providers and consumers.We will energetically support the use of non-government capital to run medical and healthcare institutions, and such institutions will be treated the same as public hospitals in obtaining operating licenses and providing medical services covered by the public medical insurance system.We will support and promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and folk medicines of ethnic minorities.The reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields affects the health of the people and the happiness of their families;therefore, we must overcome all difficulties and solve this universal problem.做好人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定低生育水平。做好流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)工作。落實(shí)好農(nóng)村婦女婦科疾病定期檢查和住院分娩補(bǔ)助政策。加強(qiáng)出生缺陷干預(yù)，開展免費(fèi)孕前優(yōu)生健康檢查試點(diǎn)，做好孕產(chǎn)婦和嬰幼兒保健工作。繼續(xù)實(shí)施農(nóng)村部分計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助制度和西部地區(qū)少生快富工程。切實(shí)保護(hù)好婦女和未成年人權(quán)益。加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化戰(zhàn)略研究，加快建立健全養(yǎng)老社會(huì)服務(wù)體系，讓老年人安享晚年生活。

We will do a good job in population and family planning work.We will continue to maintain a low birthrate.We will provide good family planning services for the floating population.We will provide regular gynecological examinations and subsidize hospital childbirths for rural women.We will strengthen intervention in birth defects;carry out a pilot program of free pre-pregnancy checkups;and provide quality health services for infants, pre-school children, and prenatal and nursing women.We will continue to reward and support eligible rural families that comply with family planning regulations, and carry out the “l(fā)ower birthrate equals faster prosperity” project in the western region.We will take effective measures to protect the rights and interests of women and minors.We will intensify strategic research on coping with an aging population and move more quickly to create a sound system of old-age services so that people can live a happy life in their old age.（七）堅(jiān)定不移推進(jìn)改革，進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大開放

7.Firmly advancing reform and further expanding opening up 今年要繼續(xù)深化重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)新的突破。

This year we will continue to deepen reform in key areas and crucial links and work hard to achieve new breakthroughs.

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

我們要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)國有經(jīng)濟(jì)布局和結(jié)構(gòu)戰(zhàn)略性調(diào)整。加快大型國有企業(yè)特別是中央企業(yè)母公司的公司制改革，實(shí)現(xiàn)產(chǎn)權(quán)多元化，完善法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)。加快推進(jìn)壟斷性行業(yè)改革，推進(jìn)公用事業(yè)改革，切實(shí)放寬市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入，積極引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。著力營(yíng)造多種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，更好地促進(jìn)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

We will continue to make strategic adjustments in the distribution and structure of the state-owned sector.We will speed up the reform to introduce the corporate system in large state-owned enterprises, especially parent companies of enterprises under the central government, and we will diversify their ownership and improve their corporate governance.We will accelerate the reform of monopoly industries;promote reforms in public utilities;effectively expand market access;and actively introduce competitive mechanisms.We will create a market environment for fair competition among economic entities under diverse forms of ownership and facilitate stronger growth of the non-public sector.深化資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和環(huán)保收費(fèi)改革，作為節(jié)約能源資源、保護(hù)環(huán)境、實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要舉措。要擴(kuò)大用電大戶與發(fā)電企業(yè)直接交易試點(diǎn)，推行居民用電用水階梯價(jià)格制度，健全可再生能源發(fā)電定價(jià)和費(fèi)用分?jǐn)倷C(jī)制。完善農(nóng)業(yè)用水價(jià)格政策。改革污水處理、垃圾處理收費(fèi)制度。擴(kuò)大排污權(quán)交易試點(diǎn)。在推進(jìn)這些改革中要注意協(xié)調(diào)好各方面利益關(guān)系，決不能讓低收入群眾的基本生活受到影響。

We will deepen the reform of prices for resource products and environmental protection charges.This is an important measure for conserving energy and resources, protecting the environment, and achieving sustainable development.We will expand the trial of direct transactions between major electricity consumers and producers;introduce tiered prices for household consumption of electricity and water;and improve the mechanism of price setting and cost sharing for electricity generated from renewable energy.We will improve the pricing policy for water used in apiculture.We will reform the system of sewage and garbage treatment charges.We will expand the trial of pollution rights trading.While pushing forward these reforms, we will balance the interests of different parties and ensure that the basic living conditions of people with low incomes are not adversely affected.要繼續(xù)推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革。健全公共財(cái)政體系。完善財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，加大一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付，增強(qiáng)地方政府提供基本公共服務(wù)的能力。健全省以下財(cái)政管理體制，完善縣級(jí)基本財(cái)力保障機(jī)制，推進(jìn)省直管縣財(cái)政管理方式改革。全面編制中央和地方政府性基金預(yù)算，試編社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金預(yù)算，完善國有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度。繼續(xù)做好增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型工作。推進(jìn)資源稅改革。統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)和個(gè)人城建稅、教育費(fèi)附加制度。

We will continue to reform the fiscal and taxation systems.We will strengthen the public finance system.We will improve the system of transfer payments, increase general transfer payments, and enhance the ability of local governments to provide basic public services.We will strengthen the fiscal management system at and below the provincial level, set up a mechanism to ensure basic funding for county governments, and carry forward reforms that place county finances directly under the management of provincial governments.We will draw up budgets for all funds controlled by central and local governments, prepare budgets for social security funds on a trial basis, and improve the budget system for the use of state capital.We will continue to make progress in VAT reform.We will carry forward the reform of resource taxes.We will extend the urban construction and maintenance tax and education surcharges to foreign enterprises and nationals.健全金融體系是應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)沖擊的重要舉措。要繼續(xù)完善國有控股金融機(jī)構(gòu)公司治理，改善經(jīng)營(yíng)管理機(jī)制，提高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控能力。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)政策性金融機(jī)構(gòu)改革。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)資產(chǎn)管理公司轉(zhuǎn)型。深化農(nóng)村信用社改革。推動(dòng)中小金融機(jī)構(gòu)規(guī)范發(fā)展。大力發(fā)展金融市場(chǎng)，鼓勵(lì)金融創(chuàng)新。推進(jìn)跨境貿(mào)易人民幣結(jié)算試點(diǎn)，逐步發(fā)展境外人民幣金融業(yè)務(wù)。推進(jìn)存款保險(xiǎn)制度建設(shè)。加快發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)。

Improving the financial system is an important measure for countering the impact of the global financial crisis.We will continue to improve corporate governance in financial institutions in which the state holds a controlling stake, improve their business management, and raise their ability to manage and control risks.We will continue the reform of policy-based financial institutions.We will steadily promote the transformation of asset management companies.We will deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives.We will promote orderly development of small and medium-sized financial institutions.We will vigorously develop the financial market and encourage financial innovation.We will promote pilot projects for the use of the renminbi in cross-border trade, and gradually develop overseas financial

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

activities using the renminbi.We will continue building the deposit insurance system.We will speed up the development of agricultural insurance.要按照政事分開、事企分開和管辦分離的要求，在科學(xué)分類的基礎(chǔ)上，積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位改革。

We will actively yet prudently push forward the reform of institutions on the basis of scientific classifications and in accordance with the requirements that government and business functions be spun off from institutions, and that supervision be separated from day-to-day operations.我們的改革是全面的改革，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革、政治體制改革以及其他各領(lǐng)域的改革。沒有政治體制改革，經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)就不可能成功。要發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主，切實(shí)保障人民當(dāng)家作主的民主權(quán)利，特別是選舉權(quán)、知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)和監(jiān)督權(quán)。進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大基層民主，健全基層自治組織和民主管理制度，讓廣大群眾更好地參與管理基層公共事務(wù)。要堅(jiān)持依法治國、依法行政。進(jìn)一步健全法制，特別要重視那些規(guī)范和監(jiān)督權(quán)力運(yùn)行的法律制度建設(shè)。創(chuàng)新政府立法工作的方法和機(jī)制，擴(kuò)大立法工作的公眾參與。

The reforms we are undertaking, including economic and political restructuring and reforms in other areas, are comprehensive.Without political restructuring, it would not be possible for economic restructuring and the modernization drive to succeed.We will develop socialist democracy, and effectively safeguard the democratic rights of the people as masters of the country, particularly their rights to vote and to stay informed about, participate and in, express views on, and oversee government affairs.We will further expand primary-level democracy, strengthen primary-level self-governing bodies, and improve the system of democratic administration at the primary level so that the people can better participate in the management of local public affairs.We will uphold the rule of law and continue to run the government in accordance with the law.We will further improve the legal system, particularly laws concerning the standardization and oversight of the exercise of power.We will innovatively revise the methods and mechanisms of the government's legislative Work and expand public participation in it.我們要全面適應(yīng)國際形勢(shì)變化和國內(nèi)發(fā)展要求，拓展對(duì)外開放的廣度和深度。

We will fully adapt to changes in the international situation, meet the needs of domestic development, and expand the breadth and depth of opening up.穩(wěn)定發(fā)展對(duì)外貿(mào)易。今年的主要著力點(diǎn)是拓市場(chǎng)、調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)、促平衡。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施市場(chǎng)多元化戰(zhàn)略和以質(zhì)取勝戰(zhàn)略，落實(shí)和完善出口退稅、出口信貸、出口信用保險(xiǎn)等各項(xiàng)政策措施，繼續(xù)改善海關(guān)、質(zhì)檢、外匯等方面的服務(wù)。鞏固傳統(tǒng)市場(chǎng)，大力開拓新興市場(chǎng)。優(yōu)化出口產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)，穩(wěn)定勞動(dòng)密集型產(chǎn)品出口，擴(kuò)大機(jī)電產(chǎn)品和高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口，大力發(fā)展服務(wù)貿(mào)易和服務(wù)外包，努力培育出口品牌和營(yíng)銷網(wǎng)絡(luò)，繼續(xù)嚴(yán)格控制“兩高一資”產(chǎn)品出口。積極推進(jìn)加工貿(mào)易轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)。促進(jìn)進(jìn)出口平衡發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大先進(jìn)技術(shù)裝備、關(guān)鍵零部件和國內(nèi)緊缺物資進(jìn)口，穩(wěn)定各項(xiàng)進(jìn)口促進(jìn)政策和便利化措施，敦促發(fā)達(dá)國家放寬高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品出口限制。

We will steadily develop foreign trade.This year the main focus is on opening new markets and adjusting the foreign trade.We will adhere to the strategy of diversifying markets and the strategy of competing on quality;implement and improve policies and measures on export tax rebates, export credit, and export credit insurance;and continue to improve services related to customs, quality inspection, and foreign exchange.We will strengthen traditional markets and vigorously develop new markets.We will improve the export mix;stabilize exports of labor-intensive products;increase exports of electromechanical products as well as new-and high-technology products;energetically develop trade in services and service outsourcing;strive to cultivate exports of brand-name products and develop marketing networks and continue to strictly limit exports of resource products and products whose production consumes large quantities of energy and resources or is highly polluting.We will vigorously promote the transformation and upgrading of the processing trade.We will promote the balanced development of imports and exports;focus on increasing imports of advanced technology and equipment, key spare parts, and goods in short supply domestically;keep all policies and measures for promoting and facilitating imports stable;and urge developed countries to ease export restrictions on new-and high-technology products to China.推動(dòng)利用外資和對(duì)外投資協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。優(yōu)化利用外資結(jié)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)外資投向高端制造業(yè)、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)、新能源和節(jié)能環(huán)保產(chǎn)業(yè)，鼓勵(lì)跨國公司在華設(shè)立地區(qū)總部等各類功能性機(jī)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)中外企業(yè)加強(qiáng)研發(fā)合作。鼓勵(lì)外資參與國內(nèi)企業(yè)改組改造和兼并重組，加快建立外資并購安全審查制度。促進(jìn)“引資”與“引智”相結(jié)合。引導(dǎo)外資向中西部地區(qū)轉(zhuǎn)移和增加投資。

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加快實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，鼓勵(lì)符合國外市場(chǎng)需求的行業(yè)有序向境外轉(zhuǎn)移產(chǎn)能，支持有條件的企業(yè)開展海外并購，深化境外資源互利合作，提高對(duì)外承包工程和勞務(wù)合作的質(zhì)量。進(jìn)一步簡(jiǎn)化各類審批手續(xù)，落實(shí)企業(yè)境外投資自主權(quán)。“走出去”的企業(yè)要依法經(jīng)營(yíng)，規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，防止惡性競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，維護(hù)國家整體利益和良好形象。

We will promote coordination between using other countries' investment in China and making Chinese investment overseas.We will optimize the utilization of foreign investment;encourage more foreign investment in high-end manufacturing, new-and high-technology industries, modern service industries, and the new energy, energy-conservation and environmental protection industries;encourage multinational corporations to set up regional headquarters and other functional agencies in China;and encourage Chinese and foreign enterprises to strengthen cooperation in MD.We will encourage the use of foreign investment for restructuring, upgrading, merging, and reorganizing Chinese companies, and quickly establish a security review system for mergers and acquisitions involving foreign investment.We will work to attract both investment and talent from overseas.We will guide foreign investors to transfer and increase their investments to the central and western regions.We will accelerate the implementation of the “go global” strategy;encourage Chinese industries whose products are in demand in foreign markets to transfer their production capacity overseas in an orderly manner;support qualified enterprises to carry out overseas mergers and acquisitions;deepen mutually beneficial cooperation concerning foreign resources;and improve the quality of overseas contracted projects and labor service cooperation.We will further simplify examination and approval procedures, and give enterprises decision-making power over their overseas investments.Enterprises that have “gone global” should operate in accordance with the law, avoid risks, prevent vicious competition, and safeguard the country's overall interests and good image.深化多邊雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。加強(qiáng)和改善與發(fā)達(dá)國家的經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，深化與發(fā)展中國家的互利合作，認(rèn)真落實(shí)中非務(wù)實(shí)合作八項(xiàng)新舉措。發(fā)揮經(jīng)濟(jì)高層對(duì)話和雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)聯(lián)委會(huì)作用。加快自由貿(mào)易區(qū)建設(shè)步伐。積極參與多哈回合談判，推動(dòng)早日達(dá)成更加合理、平衡的談判結(jié)果。反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義，妥善處理貿(mào)易摩擦。

We will deepen multilateral and bilateral business cooperation.We will strengthen and improve business ties with developed countries, deepen mutually beneficial cooperation with other developing countries, and conscientiously implement the eight new policy measures for China's pragmatic cooperation with African countries.We will make full use of the role of high-level economic dialogue and bilateral economic and trade joint commissions.We will quicken the pace of establishing free trade zones.We will actively 'participate in the Doha round of trade talks to reach a more reasonable and balanced outcome as early as possible.We will oppose protectionism in all forms and properly handle trade frictions.上海世博會(huì)即將拉開帷幕。要加強(qiáng)與各參展國家、地區(qū)和國際組織的合作，把上海世博會(huì)辦成一屆成功、精彩、難忘的盛會(huì)，辦成一屆促進(jìn)人類文明進(jìn)步，促進(jìn)科技創(chuàng)新，促進(jìn)我國與世界各國交流合作、共同發(fā)展的盛會(huì)。

The Shanghai World Expo will open soon.We will strengthen cooperation with all participating countries, regions, and international organizations to make the Expo a successful, spectacular, and unforgettable event, and one that promotes the progress of human civilization, scientific and technological innovation, and exchanges and cooperation between, and common development of China and other countries of the world.（八）努力建設(shè)人民滿意的服務(wù)型政府

8.Working hard to build a service-oriented government that the people are satisfied with 一年來，政府自身改革和建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)展。為應(yīng)對(duì)各種困難，我們特別注意發(fā)揚(yáng)民主、傾聽基層群眾意見，重視維護(hù)群眾利益。廣大公務(wù)員兢兢業(yè)業(yè)、勤勉盡責(zé)，為保增長(zhǎng)、保民生、保穩(wěn)定作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。但是政府工作與人民的期望還有較大差距。職能轉(zhuǎn)變不到位，對(duì)微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)干預(yù)過多，社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)比較薄弱；一些工作人員依法行政意識(shí)不強(qiáng)；一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部脫離群眾、脫離實(shí)際，形式主義、官僚主義嚴(yán)重；一些領(lǐng)域腐敗現(xiàn)象易發(fā)多發(fā)。我們要以轉(zhuǎn)變職能為核心，深化行政管理體制改革，大力推進(jìn)服務(wù)型政府建設(shè)，努力為各類市場(chǎng)主體創(chuàng)造公平的發(fā)展環(huán)境，為人民群眾提供良好的公共服務(wù)，維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義。

Over the past year, new progress was made in government self-reform and self-development.To deal with difficulties of all kinds, we paid particular attention to promoting democracy, listening to the opinions of the masses, and protecting their interests.Our civil servants are devoted, diligent and responsible, and they made positive contributions to sustaining economic growth and ensuring people's well-being and maintaining stability.Nevertheless，

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

the government's work still fell considerably short of public expectations.The transformation of government functions is incomplete;there is too much government interference in the micro-economy, and public administration and services are relatively weak.Some government employees give too little consideration to carrying out their official duties in accordance with the law;some leading cadres are divorced from reality and the masses, and are excessively formalistic and bureaucratic;and some areas are prone to corruption.With the focus on transforming government functions, we will deepen reform of the administrative system, work hard to make the government devoted to service, strive to create a fair development environment for all types of market entities, deliver quality public services to the masses, and uphold social fairness and justice.我們要全面正確履行政府職能，更加重視公共服務(wù)和社會(huì)管理。加快健全覆蓋全民的公共服務(wù)體系，全面增強(qiáng)基本公共服務(wù)能力。健全重大自然災(zāi)害、突發(fā)公共安全事件應(yīng)急處理機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力建設(shè)。加強(qiáng)食品藥品質(zhì)量監(jiān)管，做好安全生產(chǎn)工作，遏制重特大事故發(fā)生。

We will fully and properly perform government functions and attach greater importance to public services and administration.We will quickly improve the public service system with full coverage for all, and comprehensively improve our ability to provide basic public services.We will improve the mechanisms for responding to major natural disasters and emergencies that threaten public safety.We will improve our ability to prevent and mitigate natural disasters.We will strengthen the oversight and supervision of food and drug quality.We will ensure workplace safety and reduce the occurrence of major accidents.要適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)，推進(jìn)社會(huì)管理體制改革和創(chuàng)新，合理調(diào)節(jié)社會(huì)利益關(guān)系。認(rèn)真解決企業(yè)改制、征地拆遷、環(huán)境保護(hù)、勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議、涉法涉訴等領(lǐng)域損害群眾利益的突出問題，保障人民群眾的合法權(quán)益。加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)信訪工作。改善流動(dòng)人口管理和服務(wù)。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理，著力解決突出治安問題，防范和依法嚴(yán)厲打擊各類違法犯罪活動(dòng)，維護(hù)國家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。

We need to adapt to new circumstances, promote reform and innovation in the public administration system, and properly adjust the relationships between different interests.We will earnestly deal with serious infringements on the interests of the people related to conversion of enterprises to a stockholding system, land expropriation, housing demolition and resident relocation, environmental protection, labor disputes, and legal and litigation issues in order to safeguard the people's lawful rights and interests.We will improve the handling of public complaints lodged via letters or visits.We will improve supervision of and services for the floating population.We will strengthen all facets of public security, focus on resolving serious public security issues, and guard against and severely crack down on crimes of all sorts in accordance with the law in order to safeguard national security and social stability.要努力提高執(zhí)行力和公信力。堅(jiān)持決策的科學(xué)化、民主化，使各項(xiàng)政策更加符合實(shí)際、經(jīng)得起檢驗(yàn)。加強(qiáng)對(duì)政策執(zhí)行情況的檢查監(jiān)督，做到令行禁止。強(qiáng)化行政問責(zé)，對(duì)失職瀆職、不作為和亂作為的，要嚴(yán)肅追究責(zé)任。各地區(qū)、各部門對(duì)中央的決策部署要執(zhí)行有力，絕不允許各自為政。各級(jí)行政機(jī)關(guān)及其公務(wù)員要自覺遵守憲法和法律，嚴(yán)格依法行政。切實(shí)改進(jìn)行政執(zhí)法工作，努力做到規(guī)范執(zhí)法、公正執(zhí)法、文明執(zhí)法。加快建立健全決策、執(zhí)行、監(jiān)督相互制約又相互協(xié)調(diào)的行政運(yùn)行機(jī)制。

We will work hard to improve our executive ability and earn greater public trust.We will continue to make decision making more scientific and democratic, and ensure that all of our policies are more suitable to conditions and can stand the test of time.We will strengthen inspection and oversight of policy implementation and ensure that all orders are carried out and all prohibitions are observed.We will strengthen administrative accountability.All persons who are derelict in their duty, fail to do their jobs or do them irresponsibly will be held fully accountable.All localities and departments must implement the decisions and arrangements of the central leadership effectively, and they may never go their own way.Government agencies at all levels and their civil servants must conscientiously abide by the Constitution and laws and carry out their administrative duties in strict accordance with the law.We will effectively improve law enforcement in government administration and work to ensure that laws are enforced in a standard, fair and civil manner.We will accelerate the establishment of a sound operating mechanism for government administration, one that allows decision making, enforcement, and oversight departments to restrain and coordinate with each other.要把反腐倡廉建設(shè)擺在重要位置，這直接關(guān)系政權(quán)的鞏固。各級(jí)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部特別是高級(jí)干部要堅(jiān)決執(zhí)行中央關(guān)于報(bào)告?zhèn)€人經(jīng)濟(jì)和財(cái)產(chǎn)，包括收入、住房、投資，以及配偶子女從業(yè)等重大事項(xiàng)的規(guī)定，并自覺接受紀(jì)檢部門的監(jiān)督。要把查處違法違紀(jì)大案要案，作為反腐敗的重要任務(wù)。充分發(fā)揮監(jiān)察、審計(jì)部門的作用，加強(qiáng)對(duì)行政權(quán)力運(yùn)行的監(jiān)督。要建立健全懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體

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系的各項(xiàng)制度，特別要健全公共資源配置、公共資產(chǎn)交易、公共產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)等領(lǐng)域的管理制度，增強(qiáng)制度約束力。要堅(jiān)持勤儉行政，反對(duì)鋪張浪費(fèi)，不斷降低行政成本。嚴(yán)格控制樓堂館所建設(shè)，禁止高檔裝修辦公樓，加快公務(wù)接待、公車使用等制度改革，從嚴(yán)控制公費(fèi)出國出境。切實(shí)精簡(jiǎn)會(huì)議和文件，特別要減少那些形式重于內(nèi)容的會(huì)議、慶典和論壇。要深入推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開，完善各類公開辦事制度和行政復(fù)議制度，創(chuàng)造條件讓人民批評(píng)政府、監(jiān)督政府，同時(shí)充分發(fā)揮新聞?shì)浾摰谋O(jiān)督作用，讓權(quán)力在陽光下運(yùn)行。

We will give high priority to fighting corruption and encouraging integrity.This has a direct bearing on the firmness of our grip on political power.Leading cadres at all levels, especially high-ranking ones, must resolutely implement the central leadership's regulations on reporting the main facts concerning their personal financial situations and property, including their incomes, housing and investments, as well as the jobs of their spouses and children, and willingly accept the oversight of departments for discipline inspection.We will make investigating and prosecuting major violations of the law and discipline an important task in the fight against corruption.We will get supervision and auditing departments to fully play their role in strengthening oversight of the exercise of administrative power.We will create a sound body of regulations to prevent and punish corruption, particularly administrative regulations concerning the allocation of public resources, trade in public assets, and the production of public goods, and we will also enhance their binding force.We will run the government diligently and frugally, oppose extravagance and waste, and constantly reduce administrative costs.We will strictly control the construction of office buildings for Party and government bodies, prohibit extravagant remodeling of their office buildings, accelerate the reform of regulations concerning official receptions and the use of official cars, and firmly restrict the use of public funds for traveling abroad.We will effectively reduce the number of meetings and documents, particularly meetings, celebrations, and forums that are long on form and short on content.We will promote transparency of administrative affairs, improve regulations for transparent governance and administrative review, create conditions for the people to criticize and oversee the government, let the news media fully play their oversight role, and exercise power openly.我們所做的一切都是要讓人民生活得更加幸福、更有尊嚴(yán)，讓社會(huì)更加公正、更加和諧。

Everything we do we do to ensure that the people live a happier life with more dignity and to make our society fairer and more harmonious.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 促進(jìn)民族團(tuán)結(jié)，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同進(jìn)步，是中華民族的生命、力量和希望所在。要鞏固和發(fā)展平等、團(tuán)結(jié)、互助、和諧的社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。認(rèn)真落實(shí)中央支持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)發(fā)展的政策措施，優(yōu)先支持邊疆民族地區(qū)加快發(fā)展。加快完成邊境一線地區(qū)危舊房改造，實(shí)施游牧民定居工程。新型農(nóng)村社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)要優(yōu)先在邊境縣、民族地區(qū)貧困縣試點(diǎn)。加大扶持人口較少民族發(fā)展力度。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)興邊富民行動(dòng)。重視保護(hù)少數(shù)民族文化遺產(chǎn)和民族地區(qū)生態(tài)環(huán)境。切實(shí)做好少數(shù)民族流動(dòng)人口公共服務(wù)、就業(yè)和管理工作，保障他們的合法權(quán)益。同時(shí)，加強(qiáng)國家意識(shí)、公民意識(shí)教育。我們要旗幟鮮明地反對(duì)民族分裂，維護(hù)祖國統(tǒng)一，讓少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)各族群眾充分感受到祖國大家庭的溫暖。

The Chinese nation's life, strength and hope lie in promoting solidarity achieving common progress of our ethnic groups.We must consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations based on equality, unity, mutual assistance, and harmony.We will conscientiously implement the policies and measures of the central leadership to support development of ethic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and give high priority to supporting acceleration of the development of ethnic minority border areas.We will accelerate renovation of dilapidated buildings along our borders, and build permanent housing for nomads.Pilot programs for the new system of old-age insurance for rural residents need to be launched first in border counties and poverty-stricken counties in ethnic minority areas, will increase our support for the development of ethnic groups with small populations.We will continue to bring prosperity to border areas and the people who live there.We will give high priority to protecting the cultural heritage of ethnic minorities and the ecosystems in ethnic minority areas.We will do a good job in our work concerning public services and employment for and supervision of floating populations from ethnic minorities, and protect their lawful rights and interests.In addition, we will cultivate national consciousness and the sense of citizenship.We need to take a clear-cut

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

stand against attempts to split the nation, safeguard national unity, and get ethnic minorities and the people of all ethnic groups who live in ethnic minority areas to feel the warmth of the motherland as one large family.我們要全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，依法管理宗教事務(wù)。發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)和諧中的積極作用。

We will fully implement the Party's basic policies on religious work, and manage religious affairs in accordance with the law.We will get religious figures and religious believers to fully play their role in promoting economic development and social harmony.我們要認(rèn)真貫徹黨的僑務(wù)政策。維護(hù)海外僑胞、歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益，支持他們傳承中華文化，參與祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)和促進(jìn)和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)。

We will earnestly implement the Party's policy on overseas Chinese affairs.We will safeguard the lawful rights and interests of overseas Chinese and returned overseas Chinese and their relatives, and support them in passing on Chinese culture, participating in the motherland's modernization, and promoting the great cause of peaceful reunification.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 過去一年，國防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得新的成就。人民解放軍和武警部隊(duì)圓滿完成國慶首都閱兵、重點(diǎn)地區(qū)維穩(wěn)等重大任務(wù)，為維護(hù)國家安全和發(fā)展利益發(fā)揮了重要作用。新的一年，要緊緊圍繞黨和國家工作大局，著眼全面履行新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊(duì)歷史使命，按照革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化相統(tǒng)一的原則，加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)全面建設(shè)。以增強(qiáng)打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)能力為核心，提高應(yīng)對(duì)多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力。大力加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)思想政治建設(shè)。加快全面建設(shè)現(xiàn)代后勤步伐。加強(qiáng)國防科研和武器裝備建設(shè)。依法治軍、從嚴(yán)治軍，提高軍隊(duì)正規(guī)化水平。積極穩(wěn)妥地深化國防和軍隊(duì)改革。加強(qiáng)武警部隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)，增強(qiáng)執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件、反恐、維穩(wěn)能力。加強(qiáng)國防動(dòng)員和后備力量建設(shè)。各級(jí)政府要一如既往地關(guān)心支持國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，鞏固和發(fā)展軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)。

Last year further achievements were made in the modernization of national defense mid the People's Liberation Army(PLA).The PLA and the People's Armed Police Force completed the major tasks of staging the National Day military parade in the capital and safeguarding stability in key areas, and played an important role in safeguarding the country's security and development interests.This year, we need to focus on the overall work of the Party and government and strengthen all aspects of the army in accordance with the principle of making it more revolutionary, modem, and standardized, so that it can complete its missions in this new stage and this new century.We will concentrate on making the army better able to win informationized local wars, and will enhance its ability to respond to multiple security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks.We will work to strengthen the army ideologically and politically.We will accelerate the comprehensive development of a modem military logistics system.We will intensify R&D on national defense and the development of weapons and equipment.We will run the army strictly and in accordance with the law and make it more standardized.We will actively yet prudently deepen reform of national defense and the army.We will modernize improve the armed police force, and make it better able to carry out its duties, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will strengthen our national defense mobilization and reserve forces.Governments at all levels should, as always, care about and support the strengthening of national defense and the army, and consolidate and develop unity between the army and the government as well as between the army and the people.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 我們將堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，全力支持香港、澳門保持長(zhǎng)期繁榮穩(wěn)定。支持香港鞏固并提升國際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心地位，發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)，培育新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)。支持澳門發(fā)展旅游休閑產(chǎn)業(yè)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)適度多元化。要認(rèn)真實(shí)施珠江三角洲地區(qū)改革發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，積極推進(jìn)港珠澳大橋等大型跨境基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和珠海橫琴島開發(fā)，深化粵港澳合作，密切內(nèi)地與港澳的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系。偉大祖國永遠(yuǎn)是香港、澳門的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。只要特別行政區(qū)政府與各界人士同心協(xié)力，包容共濟(jì)，共同維護(hù)繁榮穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的大局，香港、澳門的明天一定會(huì)更加美好。

We will unswervingly implement the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which the people of Hong

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

Kong administer Hong Kong, and the people of Macao administer Macao both with a high degree of autonomy, and fully support Hong Kong and Macao in maintaining long-term prosperity and stability.We will support Hong Kong in consolidating and elevating its position as an international financial, trade, and shipping center;developing industries with local advantages;and fostering new areas of economic growth.We will support Macao in developing its tourism and leisure industry and appropriately diversifying its economy.We will conscientiously implement the Outline of the Program for Reform and Development of the Pearl River Delta, vigorously promote the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge and other major cross-boundary infrastructure projects as well as the development of Zhuhai's Hengqin Island, deepen cooperation between Guangdong and the Hong Kong and Macao regions, and increase economic ties between the mainland and these two regions.The great motherland will remain a staunch supporter of Hong Kong and Macao forever.As long as the governments of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and their people from all walks of life work together;accommodate and help each other;and jointly safeguard overall prosperity, stability, and development, Hong Kong and Macao will enjoy a brighter future.過去的一年，兩岸關(guān)系在新的歷史起點(diǎn)上取得重要進(jìn)展，呈現(xiàn)和平發(fā)展良好勢(shì)頭。兩岸交流合作不斷深入，全面直接雙向“三通”得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系正常化邁出重要步伐，經(jīng)濟(jì)合作制度化建設(shè)逐步推進(jìn)。兩岸關(guān)系持續(xù)改善和發(fā)展，給兩岸同胞帶來了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。

Last year relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits made important progress from a historic new starting point, and a positive trend toward peaceful development emerged.Cross-Straits exchanges and cooperation constantly deepened, and complete, direct, two-way mail, transport and trade links were established.We took important steps to normalize cross-Straits economic relations, and economic cooperation between the two sides gradually became institutionalized.The constant improvement and development of cross-Straits relations brought real benefits to our compatriots on both sides.在新的一年里，我們要繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持發(fā)展兩岸關(guān)系、促進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一的大政方針，牢牢把握兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的主題，不斷開創(chuàng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展新局面。密切兩岸經(jīng)貿(mào)金融交往，深化產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，支持在大陸的臺(tái)資企業(yè)發(fā)展，維護(hù)臺(tái)胞合法權(quán)益。鼓勵(lì)有條件的大陸企業(yè)赴臺(tái)投資。支持海峽西岸經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)在兩岸交流合作中發(fā)揮先行先試作用。通過商簽兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)合作框架協(xié)議，促進(jìn)互利共贏，建立具有兩岸特色的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作機(jī)制。拓展文化教育交流，共同弘揚(yáng)中華文化。加強(qiáng)兩岸民眾和社會(huì)各界交流，共同分享兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展成果，進(jìn)一步凝聚推動(dòng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的共識(shí)。堅(jiān)持大陸和臺(tái)灣同屬一個(gè)中國，鞏固兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的政治基礎(chǔ)，增強(qiáng)兩岸政治互信。我們堅(jiān)信，全體中華兒女同心協(xié)力，祖國完全統(tǒng)一的宏偉大業(yè)一定能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)！

In the new year, we will continue to adhere to the principle of developing cross-Straits relations and promoting peaceful reunification of the motherland, firmly embrace the theme of peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and constantly create new conditions for it.We will strengthen economic, trade, and financial contacts between the two sides;deepen industrial cooperation;support the development of Taiwan-funded enterprises on the mainland;and safeguard the lawful rights and interests of our Taiwan compatriots.We will encourage qualified mainland enterprises to invest in Taiwan.We will support the economic zone in Fujian Province on the west coast of the Straits in playing its role in pioneering new approaches to exchanges and cooperation between the two sides.We will promote a win-win situation, set up an economic cooperation mechanism that reflects the characteristics of both sides by negotiating and signing an economic cooperation framework agreement(ECEA).We will expand cultural and educational exchanges, and work with Taiwan to promote Chinese culture.We will increase exchanges between people from all sectors of society on both sides, so that everyone can share in the fruits of the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations and more fully realize the importance of promoting peaceful development.We will uphold the principle that the mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China, strengthen the political foundation for the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and enhance mutual political trust between the two sides.We firmly believe that with the concerted efforts of the Chinese people, we will achieve the complete reunification of the motherland.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 過去的一年，外交工作取得新的重大成績(jī)。我國積極參加應(yīng)對(duì)國際金融危機(jī)、氣候變化等國際合作，在一系列重大多邊會(huì)議

2010年政府工作報(bào)告中英文對(duì)照版

上發(fā)揮了獨(dú)特的建設(shè)性作用。我們積極開展全方位外交，與各大國、周邊國家和廣大發(fā)展中國家的對(duì)話合作穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)。大力加強(qiáng)人文等領(lǐng)域外交。有效維護(hù)我國公民和法人在海外的合法權(quán)益。

We achieved new, important results in our diplomatic work last year.We actively participated in international cooperation to respond to the global financial crisis and climate change, and played a unique, constructive role in a series of major multilateral conferences.We energetically carried out all-round diplomacy, and made steady progress in dialogue and cooperation with major powers, neighboring countries, and developing countries.We greatly strengthened diplomacy in all fields, including cultural diplomacy.We effectively safeguarded the lawful rights and interests of Chinese nationals and corporations overseas.新中國外交走過了60年光輝歷程，在國際舞臺(tái)上留下了閃光足跡。我們將繼續(xù)發(fā)揚(yáng)光榮傳統(tǒng)，始終高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作旗幟，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路，奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界，為我國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)創(chuàng)造良好的外部環(huán)境。新的一年，我們將繼續(xù)以20國集團(tuán)金融峰會(huì)等重大多邊活動(dòng)為主要平臺(tái)，積極參與國際體系變革進(jìn)程，維護(hù)發(fā)展中國家利益。統(tǒng)籌協(xié)調(diào)好雙邊外交與多邊外交、國別區(qū)域外交與各領(lǐng)域外交工作，推動(dòng)我國與各大國、周邊國家和發(fā)展中國家的關(guān)系全面深入發(fā)展。緊緊抓住中國－東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)全面建成、上海合作組織召開峰會(huì)等契機(jī)，積極推進(jìn)區(qū)域合作。進(jìn)一步做好應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化、能源資源合作等方面的對(duì)外工作，在妥善解決熱點(diǎn)問題和全球性問題中發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。中國政府和人民愿與國際社會(huì)攜手努力，共同應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，共同分享發(fā)展機(jī)遇，為世界和平與發(fā)展作出新貢獻(xiàn)！

With a splendid, 60-year diplomatic history, New China has left shining footprints on the international stage.We will carry forward our fine traditions;always hold high the banner of peace, development, and cooperation;adhere to an independent foreign policy of peace and the path of peaceful development;pursue an open strategy of mutual benefit;promote the building of a harmonious world with durable peace and common prosperity;and create a favorable external environment for China's modernization.In the new year, we will continue to use the G20 financial summit and other major multilateral activities as our main platforms for actively participating in the process of change in the international system and safeguarding the interests of developing countries.We will make overall plans for coordinating bilateral and multilateral diplomacy as well as diplomacy with individual countries and regions and in various fields, and promote further, comprehensive development of our relations with major powers, neighboring countries, and developing countries.We will take advantage of the opportunities offered by the completion of the ASEAN-China free trade zone and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit to actively promote regional cooperation.We will continue to carry out diplomatic work in climate change, energy and resource cooperation, and other areas, and play a constructive role in finding proper solutions to hot issues and global problems.The Chinese government and people stand ready to work with the international community to respond to risks and challenges, share development opportunities, and make new contributions to world peace and development.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 艱辛成就偉業(yè)，奮斗創(chuàng)造輝煌。讓我們?cè)谝院\濤同志為總書記的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，凝聚起億萬人民的智慧和力量，再接再厲，開拓進(jìn)取，全面完成“十一五”規(guī)劃的各項(xiàng)任務(wù)，不斷奪取改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)事業(yè)的新勝利！

Hardship gives birth to great causes, and arduous struggle results in glorious achievements.Under the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, let us pool the wisdom and strength of the hundreds of millions of our people;redouble our efforts to break fresh ground;complete all the tasks set forth in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan;and constantly win new victories in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization

第五篇：2008_政府工作報(bào)告_中英文對(duì)照

漢英對(duì)照標(biāo)注版2008年《政府工作報(bào)告》

政府工作報(bào)告

REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE GOVERNMENT ——2008年3月5日在第十一屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議上

Delivered at the First Session of the Eleventh National

People's Congress on March 5, 2008

國務(wù)院總理 溫家寶

各位代表：

Fellow Deputies, 現(xiàn)在，我代表國務(wù)院，向大會(huì)報(bào)告本屆政府過去五年的工作，對(duì)今年工作提出建議，請(qǐng)予審議，并請(qǐng)全國政協(xié)各位委員提出意見。On behalf of the State Council, I would now like to deliver to you a report on the work of the government over the past five years and on the arrangements for its work this year for your deliberation and approval and also for comments and suggestions from the members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC).一、過去五年工作回顧

I.Review of the Work of the Past Five Years

第十屆全國人民代表大會(huì)第一次會(huì)議以來的五年，是不平凡的五年。在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，各級(jí)政府和全國各族人民認(rèn)真貫徹黨的十六大精神，齊心協(xié)力，頑強(qiáng)拼搏，積極應(yīng)對(duì)復(fù)雜多變的國際環(huán)境，努力克服經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的各種困難，戰(zhàn)勝了突如其來的嚴(yán)重非典疫情和歷史罕見的低溫雨雪冰凍等特大自然災(zāi)害，改革開放和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)取得了舉世矚目的重大成就。

The past five years since the First Session of the Tenth National People's Congress was a momentous period.Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC), governments at all levels and people of all the ethnic groups in China diligently followed the guiding principles set out at the Sixteenth CPC National Congress and worked in concert and with dedication.We vigorously responded to the complex and volatile international environment, strove to overcome various difficulties hindering economic and social development, and prevailed over the sudden and severe outbreak of SARS and catastrophic natural disasters such as the recent snow and ice storms in the south that the region has rarely seen before.We made major achievements in reform, opening up and modernization, which attracted the attention of the world.——經(jīng)濟(jì)跨上新臺(tái)階。2007年，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值達(dá)到24.66萬億元，比2002年增長(zhǎng)65.5%，年均增長(zhǎng)10.6%，從世界第六位上升到第四位；全國財(cái)政收入達(dá)到5.13萬億元，增長(zhǎng)1.71倍；外匯儲(chǔ)備超過1.52萬億美元。

– The economy reached a new high.China's GDP in 2007 reached 24.66 trillion yuan, an increase of 65.5% over 2002 and an average annual increase of 10.6%, rising from the sixth highest one in the world to the fourth.Total government revenue reached 5.13 trillion yuan, a 171% increase over 2002.Our foreign exchange reserves exceeded US$ 1.52 trillion.——取消農(nóng)業(yè)稅，終結(jié)了農(nóng)民種田交稅的歷史。全國糧食連續(xù)四年增產(chǎn)，2007年產(chǎn)量達(dá)到50150萬噸。

– The agricultural tax was rescinded, ending the centuries-old practice of farmers paying taxes.China's grain output rose four consecutive years to reach 501.5 million tons in 2007.——國有企業(yè)、金融、財(cái)稅、外經(jīng)貿(mào)體制和行政管理體制等改革邁出重大步伐。開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)入新階段。2007年進(jìn)出口總額達(dá)到2.17萬億美元，從世界第六位上升到第三位。

– Major progress was made in the reform of state-owned enterprises(SOEs), the financial system, fiscal and taxation systems, the system of foreign trade and economic cooperation, and the administrative system.China has entered a new stage in developing a more open economy.Total volume of imports and exports reached $2.17 trillion in 2007, raising China from the sixth largest trading nation in the world to the third largest.——?jiǎng)?chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)進(jìn)展良好，涌現(xiàn)出一批具有重大國際影響的科技創(chuàng)新成果。載人航天飛行和首次月球探測(cè)工程圓滿成功。

– Good progress was made in efforts to make China more innovative, and a number of major scientific and technological innovations with international impact were made.Manned spaceflights and our first moon exploration project were successfully carried out.——全面實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育，這是我國教育發(fā)展史上的重要里程碑。覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的公共衛(wèi)生體系和基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系初步建立。– Free compulsory education was made available to all rural students, marking an important milestone in the history of the development of education in China.The basic frameworks for a public health system and a system of basic medical services covering both urban and rural areas have been put in place.——城鄉(xiāng)公共文化服務(wù)體系逐步完善。文化體制改革取得重要進(jìn)展，文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)快速發(fā)展。上海特奧會(huì)成功舉辦。北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、殘奧會(huì)和上海世博會(huì)籌備工作進(jìn)展順利。

– Steady improvement was made in the urban and rural system of public cultural services.Significant progress was made in reform of the cultural management system, and the development of cultural programs and cultural industries was accelerated.The Shanghai Special Olympics was successfully held.Preparations for the 2008 Olympics and Paralympics in Beijing and the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai proceeded smoothly.——民主法制建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)步，依法行政扎實(shí)推進(jìn)，保障人民權(quán)益和維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義得到加強(qiáng)。

– Progress was made in developing democracy and the legal system and in enhancing law-based government.Greater efforts were made to safeguard people's rights and interests and ensure social fairness and justice.——人民生活顯著改善。五年全國新增城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)5100萬人。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入由2002年7703元增加到2007年13786元，農(nóng)村居民人均純收入由2476元增加到4140元。社會(huì)保障體系框架初步形成。貧困人口逐年減少。

– People's living standards improved significantly.Fifty-one million urban jobs were created over the past five years.Urban per capita annual disposable income rose from 7,703 yuan in 2002 to 13,786 yuan in 2007, and rural per capita annual net income rose from 2,476 yuan to 4,140 yuan during the same period.The basic framework for a social safety net for both urban and rural areas was put in place.The number of people living in poverty was reduced every year.事實(shí)充分說明，過去五年是改革開放和全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)取得重大進(jìn)展的五年，是社會(huì)生產(chǎn)力和綜合國力顯著增強(qiáng)的五年，是社會(huì)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展和人民得到更多實(shí)惠的五年，是我國國際地位和影響不斷提高的五年。

All these improvements fully demonstrate that during the past five-year period great strides were made in carrying out reform and opening up and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.During this time the productive forces and overall national strength were significantly improved, social programs were comprehensively developed, people received even greater benefits and China's international standing and influence constantly grew.五年來，我們樹立和落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，著力發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、深化改革開放、保障和改善民生，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，付出了巨大努力，做了大量工作。

During the past five years we established and put into practice the Scientific Outlook on Development, worked hard on economic development, deepened reform and opening up, ensured the wellbeing of the people, improved their lives, and promoted social harmony.We made great efforts and accomplished a great deal.（一）加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展

1.Improving macroeconomic regulation to promote steady and rapid economic development.我們圍繞解決經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中的突出矛盾，注重宏觀調(diào)控的預(yù)見性、及時(shí)性和有效性。幾年來，針對(duì)固定資產(chǎn)投資增長(zhǎng)過快、貨幣信貸投放過多、外貿(mào)順差過大，以及農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)薄弱等經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中不穩(wěn)定、不協(xié)調(diào)、不可持續(xù)的問題，嚴(yán)把土地、信貸兩個(gè)閘門，提高市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入門檻，適時(shí)調(diào)整財(cái)政政策、貨幣政策，完善產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和土地政策，調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，搞好經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)。

We endeavored to make macroeconomic regulation more proactive, responsive and effective, with the focus on resolving major problems affecting economic operation.Over the past few years, we tightened controls on the supplies of land and credit, raised market access requirements, adjusted financial and monetary policies as needed, improved industrial policies and the land policy, adjusted the economic structure, shored up weak links and effectively regulated economic operation to address problems such as overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, excessively large trade surplus, and weakness in agriculture, the foundation of the economy, which could cause economic development to become unstable, unbalanced and unsustainable.根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的變化，多次及時(shí)調(diào)整金融機(jī)構(gòu)存款準(zhǔn)備金率、存貸款基準(zhǔn)利率，取消或降低高耗能、高排放和資源性產(chǎn)品的出口退稅。這些宏觀調(diào)控措施取得明顯成效，經(jīng)濟(jì)連續(xù)五年保持平穩(wěn)快速發(fā)展，沒有出現(xiàn)大的起落。

In response to changes in the economy, we have repeatedly made timely adjustments in the required reserve ratio and the benchmark interest rates for savings and loans in financial institutions and rescinded or reduced export tax rebates for resource products and products whose production is energy intensive or highly polluting.These macroeconomic regulatory measures produced significant results, and China's economy maintained steady and rapid development throughout the five-year period, without experiencing major fluctuations.我們從加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)入手，把促進(jìn)糧食增產(chǎn)和農(nóng)民增收作為首要任務(wù)，在制度、政策和投入方面采取一系列重大舉措。全部取消了農(nóng)業(yè)稅、牧業(yè)稅和特產(chǎn)稅，每年減輕農(nóng)民負(fù)擔(dān)1335億元。同時(shí)，建立農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼制度，對(duì)農(nóng)民實(shí)行糧食直補(bǔ)、良種補(bǔ)貼、農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料綜合補(bǔ)貼，對(duì)產(chǎn)糧大縣和財(cái)政困難縣鄉(xiāng)實(shí)行獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)補(bǔ)助。大幅度增加對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村投入，中央財(cái)政用于“三農(nóng)”的支出五年累計(jì)1.6萬億元，其中用于農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)近3000億元，地方也較多增加了投入。

We adopted a series of major measures related to institutions, policies and investment to increase grain production and rural incomes as a matter of priority and strengthen agriculture as the foundation of the economy.We completely rescinded the agricultural tax, livestock tax and tax on special agricultural products throughout China, reducing the burden on farmers by an average of 133.5 billion yuan per year.In addition, we set up a subsidy scheme for agriculture, instituting direct subsidies for grain producers, subsidies for superior crop varieties, subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools, and general subsidies for agricultural production supplies and providing incentives to major grain-producing counties and subsidies to counties and townships with serious financial difficulties.Investment in agriculture and rural areas was greatly increased.Central government allocations for agriculture, rural areas and farmers reached 1.6 trillion yuan over the past five years, including nearly 300 billion yuan that was used for developing rural infrastructure.Local governments also substantially increased their input.五年新增節(jié)水灌溉面積666.7萬公頃、新增沼氣用戶1650萬戶、新建改建農(nóng)村公路130萬公里，解決了9748萬農(nóng)村人口飲水困難和飲水安全問題，建立了重大動(dòng)物疫病防控體系，防止了高致病性禽流感等疫情蔓延。這些措施，極大地調(diào)動(dòng)了農(nóng)民積極性，有力地推動(dòng)了社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，農(nóng)村發(fā)生了歷史性變化，億萬農(nóng)民由衷地感到高興。農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展，為整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展發(fā)揮了重要作用。

During the five-year period, an additional 6.667 million hectares of farmland was equipped with water-saving irrigation facilities, methane gas was made available to 16.5 million more households, 1.3 million kilometers of rural roads were built or upgraded, and safe drinking water was provided to an additional 97.48 million rural residents.A system for the prevention and control of major animal diseases was set up, and the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza was prevented.These measures greatly encouraged farmers to grow more, gave a strong impetus to the development of a new socialist countryside and brought historic changes to rural China to the great satisfaction of hundreds of millions of rural people.Agricultural development played an important role in ensuring the overall stability and development of China's economy and society.我們制定了國家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，對(duì)2006－2020年的科技發(fā)展作出全面部署，啟動(dòng)一批重大專項(xiàng)。這對(duì)增強(qiáng)自主創(chuàng)新能力，推進(jìn)創(chuàng)新型國家建設(shè)，有著重要而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)和前沿技術(shù)研究得到加強(qiáng)，取得高性能計(jì)算機(jī)、第三代移動(dòng)通信、超級(jí)雜交水稻等一批重大創(chuàng)新成果，形成了一批具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的產(chǎn)品。

We formulated the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development, which contains comprehensive plans for the development of science and technology in China from 2006 through 2020 and calls for the launching of a number of major projects.This will have an important and far-reaching impact on efforts to strengthen China's capacity for independent innovation and make it an innovative country.Work in basic research and research in leading-edge technologies was intensified;a number of major innovations such as high-performance computers, third generation mobile communications, and super-hybrid rice were achieved;and a number of products that are competitive and carry Chinese intellectual property rights were developed.五年中央財(cái)政用于科技的投入達(dá)到3406億元。全社會(huì)研究與實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)展經(jīng)費(fèi)，從2002年1288億元增加到2007年的3664億元，占國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值比重從1.07%提高到1.49%。以企業(yè)為主體的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展。科技創(chuàng)新支撐和引領(lǐng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的能力明顯增強(qiáng)。

The central government spent 340.6 billion yuan on science and technology over the past five years.China's total investment in research, experimentation and development rose from the 128.8 billion yuan of 2002 to 366.4 billion yuan in 2007, with its share in the GDP rising from 1.07% to 1.49%.Major progress was made in developing a system for technological innovation in which enterprises play a key role.The capacity of scientific and technological innovation to sustain and boost economic and social development was markedly increased.我們制定和實(shí)施一系列產(chǎn)業(yè)政策和專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。信息、生物、航空航天、新能源、新材料、海洋等高新技術(shù)產(chǎn) 業(yè)加快發(fā)展。振興裝備制造業(yè)成效顯著。旅游、金融、物流等現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)蓬勃發(fā)展。基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施基礎(chǔ)產(chǎn)業(yè)建設(shè)取得長(zhǎng)足進(jìn)展，一批重大工程相繼建成或順利推進(jìn)。

We formulated and implemented a series of industrial policies and special plans designed to improve and upgrade the industrial structure.Development of new and high technology industries in information, biology, aerospace, new energy sources, new materials and oceanography was accelerated.Efforts to boost the equipment manufacturing industry produced significant results.Development of modern service industries such as tourism, banking and distribution was accelerated.Great progress was made in the development of infrastructure and basic industries, marked by the completion of or smooth progress on a number of major projects.青藏鐵路提前一年建成通車，三峽工程防洪、發(fā)電、航運(yùn)等綜合效益全面發(fā)揮，西電東送、西氣東輸全面投產(chǎn)，南水北調(diào)工程進(jìn)展順利，溪洛渡水電站、紅沿河核電站、京滬高速鐵路和千萬噸級(jí)煉油廠、百萬噸級(jí)乙烯等一批重大項(xiàng)目陸續(xù)開工建設(shè)，普光氣田、南堡油田等勘查開發(fā)取得重大進(jìn)展。五年新增電力裝機(jī)3.5億千瓦，是1950年到2002年53年的總和；新增公路19.2萬公里，其中高速公路2.8萬公里；新增鐵路營(yíng)運(yùn)里程6100公里；建成萬噸級(jí)以上泊位568個(gè)；新增電信用戶4.94億戶。這些有效改善了能源交通通信狀況，增強(qiáng)了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展后勁。

The Qinghai-Tibet Railway was opened to traffic a year ahead of time;the Three Gorges Project is fully playing its designed role in flood prevention, power generation and shipping;the projects to send electricity and gas from China's western region to the eastern region are fully operational;the project to divert water from southern China to northern China is progressing smoothly;and construction has been started on a number of major projects such as the Xiluodu Hydroelectric Plant, Hongyanhe Nuclear Power Plant, Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, a ten million-ton capacity oil refinery and a million-ton capacity ethylene plant.Major progress has been made in the prospecting and development of the Puguang Gas Field and the Nanpu Oilfield.Newly added power-generating capacity over the five years totaled 350 million kW, equivalent to all the capacity added between 1950 and 2002.A total of 192,000 kilometers of highways were built, including 28,000 kilometers of expressways.A total of 6,100 kilometers of new railway lines went into operation.An additional 568 berths that can handle ships larger than 10,000 tons were completed.The number of telecommunications users was increased by 494 million.All of the above measures effectively improved the capacity of the energy, transportation and communications sectors and strengthened the basis for further economic and social development.我們高度重視資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護(hù)。“十一五”規(guī)劃綱要把節(jié)能和減排作為約束性目標(biāo)。近兩年，又提出并實(shí)施節(jié)能減排綜合性工作方案，建立節(jié)能減排指標(biāo)體系、監(jiān)測(cè)體系、考核體系和目標(biāo)責(zé)任制，頒布了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國家方案。依法淘汰一大批落后生產(chǎn)能力，關(guān)停小火電2157萬千瓦、小煤礦1.12萬處，淘汰落后煉鐵產(chǎn)能4659萬噸、煉鋼產(chǎn)能3747萬噸、水泥產(chǎn)能8700萬噸。啟動(dòng)十大重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程。燃煤電廠脫硫工程取得突破性進(jìn)展。中央政府投資支持重點(diǎn)流域水污染防治項(xiàng)目691個(gè)。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)天然林保護(hù)、京津風(fēng)沙源治理等生態(tài)建設(shè)，五年累計(jì)退耕還林、植樹造林3191萬公頃，退牧還草3460萬公頃。加強(qiáng)土地和水資源保護(hù)，五年整理復(fù)墾開發(fā)補(bǔ)充耕地152.6萬公頃。經(jīng)過各方面努力，節(jié)能減排取得積極進(jìn)展，2007年單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗比上年下降3.27%，化學(xué)需氧量、二氧化硫排放總量近年來首次出現(xiàn)雙下降，比上年分別下降3.14％和4.66％。節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境從認(rèn)識(shí)到實(shí)踐都發(fā)生了重要轉(zhuǎn)變。

We gave high priority to conserving resources and protecting the environment.Obligatory targets for saving energy and reducing emissions were set in the Outline of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development.In the last two years, a general work plan for saving energy and reducing emissions was introduced;a system of targets for this work, a monitoring system, a system for assessing work performance and a system of accountability for reaching the targets were put in place;and a state plan to address climate change was promulgated.A large number of backward production facilities were shut down in accordance with the law.They include small thermal power plants with a total capacity of 21.57 million kW, 11,200 small coal mines, backward iron smelting facilities with a total capacity of 46.59 million tons, backward steel plants with a total capacity of 37.47 million tons and cement plants with a total capacity of 87 million tons.Ten major energy-saving projects were launched.Breakthroughs were made in carrying out desulfurizing projects for coal-fired power plants.The central government provided financial support for 691 projects to prevent and control water pollution in major river valleys.Work continued on ecological conservation projects such as those to protect natural forests and control the factors causing sandstorms in Beijing and Tianjin.During the five-year period, the area of farmland retired for forestation and other lands planted with trees amounted to 31.91 million hectares, and grazing land returned to natural grasslands totaled 34.6 million hectares.Protection of land and water resources was strengthened, with a total of 1.526 million hectares of farmland being upgraded, reclaimed or newly developed over the last five years.Thanks to the strong efforts of the whole country, encouraging progress was made in conserving energy and reducing emissions.In 2007 there was a 3.27% year-on-year drop in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and for the first time in recent years there was a reduction in both chemical oxygen demand and the total emission of sulfur dioxide, with the former down 3.14% and the latter down 4.66% from the previous year.People became more aware of the importance of conserving resources and protecting the environment and made greater efforts in this area.我們實(shí)施區(qū)域發(fā)展總體戰(zhàn)略。西部大開發(fā)繼續(xù)推進(jìn)，五年中央財(cái)政支持重點(diǎn)建設(shè)投資2800多億元，基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)取得明顯進(jìn)展，重點(diǎn)地區(qū)和特色優(yōu)勢(shì)產(chǎn)業(yè)加快發(fā)展。制定和實(shí)施振興東北地區(qū)等老工業(yè)基地戰(zhàn)略，大型糧食基地建設(shè)不斷加強(qiáng)，國有企業(yè)改革改組改造取得突破性進(jìn)展，重大技術(shù)裝備國產(chǎn)化成效顯著，資源型城市經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型試點(diǎn)進(jìn)展順利，老工業(yè)基地?zé)òl(fā)出新的生機(jī)和活力。

We followed a master strategy for regional development.Continued progress was made in the large-scale development of the western region, with central government financial support for key projects totaling over 280 billion yuan over the last five years.Substantial progress was made in infrastructure development and ecological and environmental conservation projects, and development of key areas and industries with local advantages was accelerated.We formulated and implemented the strategy of rejuvenating the old industrial bases such as northeast China, increased efforts to develop large grain production bases, made breakthroughs in reforming, reorganizing and upgrading SOEs, made major progress in using domestically-produced key equipment in place of imports, and made smooth headway in the trial to transform the economies of cities dependent on resource exploitation.The old industrial bases are now showing new signs of vitality.制定和實(shí)施促進(jìn)中部地區(qū)崛起政策措施，糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)步伐加快，重要能源原材料工業(yè)、裝備制造業(yè)和綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。東部地區(qū)繼續(xù)率先發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和整體素質(zhì)顯著提升。經(jīng)濟(jì)特區(qū)、上海浦東新區(qū)、天津?yàn)I海新區(qū)開發(fā)開放加快推進(jìn)。這些重大舉措，促進(jìn)了區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合理布局和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

We formulated and implemented policies and measures to promote development in the central region and made accelerated progress in developing modern agriculture in major grain-producing areas.Major energy and raw material industries, the equipment manufacturing industry and the overall transportation system were further developed.The eastern region continued to lead in development, with significant gains in economic strength and overall improvement.The process of developing and opening up the special economic zones, the Shanghai Pudong New Area and the Tianjin Binhai New Area was accelerated.These major measures promoted a better distribution and more balanced development of regional economies.（二）大力推進(jìn)改革開放，注重制度建設(shè)和創(chuàng)新

2.Working hard on reform and opening up, concentrating on institutional development and innovation.全面深化農(nóng)村改革。以鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)機(jī)構(gòu)、農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育和縣鄉(xiāng)財(cái)政管理體制改革為主要內(nèi)容的農(nóng)村綜合改革，取得階段性重要成果。放開糧食收購市場(chǎng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了糧食購銷市場(chǎng)化。集體林權(quán)制度改革進(jìn)行了成功探索。供銷合作社、國有農(nóng)場(chǎng)等改革進(jìn)展順利。

Rural reforms were deepened across the board.Major progress was made in the current stage of the overall rural reform, mainly consisting of reform of town and township government bodies, reform of the rural compulsory education system and reform of the fiscal systems at the county and township levels.Government control of grain purchasing was lifted, and the purchase and sale of grain are now market based.Successful trials were carried out in reforming the system of collective forest rights.Smooth progress was made in the reform of supply and marketing cooperatives and state-owned farms.堅(jiān)持完善基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度。鞏固和發(fā)展公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)，推進(jìn)國有資產(chǎn)管理體制改革和國有經(jīng)濟(jì)布局與結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，建立和完善國有資產(chǎn)出資人制度。加快國有企業(yè)股份制改革，一批具有國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的大公司大企業(yè)集團(tuán)發(fā)展壯大。郵政體制改革順利進(jìn)行，電力、電信、民航、鐵路等行業(yè)改革取得積極進(jìn)展。

Continued progress was made in improving the basic economic system.We consolidated and developed the public sector of the economy, made progress in reform of the management system for state-owned assets and adjustment of the distribution and structure of the state sector of the economy, and set up and improved a system for investors of state assets.We accelerated the reform to institute a stockholding system in SOEs, and a number of large companies and conglomerates with the ability to compete internationally were formed.Reform of the postal service system proceeded smoothly, and encouraging progress was made in reforming the power, telecommunications, civil aviation and railway industries.2006年，全國國有企業(yè)資產(chǎn)總額比2002年增長(zhǎng)60.98%，實(shí)現(xiàn)利潤(rùn)增長(zhǎng)2.23倍，稅收增長(zhǎng)1.05倍。國有經(jīng)濟(jì)活力、控制力和影響力明顯增強(qiáng)。制定和實(shí)施一系列政策措施，進(jìn)一步營(yíng)造公平競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的法制環(huán)境和市場(chǎng)環(huán)境，鼓勵(lì)、支持和引導(dǎo)個(gè)體私營(yíng)等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、擴(kuò)大就業(yè)、增加稅收和活躍市場(chǎng)等方面，發(fā)揮著越來越大的作用。

The total value of assets of Chinese SOEs in 2006 grew by 60.98% compared to 2002, their total profits increased by 223%, and their tax contributions grew by 105%.The vitality of the state sector and its impact and influence on the economy as a whole were greatly enhanced.We formulated and implemented a series of policies and measures to foster a legal framework and market environment conducive to fair competition, and encouraged, supported and guided the development of the nonpublic sector, which includes individual-proprietorship businesses and private enterprises.As a result, the nonpublic sector of the economy is playing an increasingly bigger role in stimulating economic growth, creating jobs, increasing tax revenue, and invigorating the market.大力推進(jìn)金融、財(cái)稅體制改革。針對(duì)國有商業(yè)銀行經(jīng)營(yíng)管理不善、金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加劇的狀況，我們果斷地推進(jìn)了改革。中國工商銀行、中國銀行、中國建設(shè)銀行和交通銀行完成股份制改造并成功上市，資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量和盈利能力明顯提高，銀行業(yè)發(fā)生了重大變化。堅(jiān)定地進(jìn)行上市公司股權(quán)分置改革，解決了這個(gè)長(zhǎng)期困擾證券市場(chǎng)發(fā)展的制度性問題。重點(diǎn)國有保險(xiǎn)企業(yè)重組改制上市，促進(jìn)了保險(xiǎn)業(yè)迅速發(fā)展。利率市場(chǎng)化改革邁出實(shí)質(zhì)性步伐。實(shí)施人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革，匯率彈性逐步增強(qiáng)。

We vigorously promoted reform of the banking, fiscal and taxation systems.We resolutely carried out reform addressing the poor performance and greater financial risks of state-owned commercial banks.The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Bank of China, the China Construction Bank and the Bank of Communications were turned into stockholding companies and listed on stock markets.This brought about significant improvement in the quality of their assets and profitability as well as major changes in the banking industry.We resolutely carried out reform of the shareholder structure in listed companies and resolved this longstanding institutional problem that hindered the development of the securities market.Key state-owned insurance firms were reorganized and went public, promoting rapid development of the insurance industry.Substantive progress was made in making interest rates more market-based.We reformed the RMB exchange rate regime to gradually make the exchange rate more flexible.外匯管理體制改革全面推進(jìn)。財(cái)稅體制改革進(jìn)一步深化，財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度和公共財(cái)政制度逐步完善。2003年到2007年，中央財(cái)政對(duì)地方的轉(zhuǎn)移支付累計(jì)4.25萬億元，87%用于支持中西部地區(qū)。在部分企業(yè)試行國有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度。啟動(dòng)和擴(kuò)大增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型改革試點(diǎn)。統(tǒng)一內(nèi)外資企業(yè)所得稅制度。建立國家統(tǒng)一的職務(wù)與級(jí)別相結(jié)合的公務(wù)員工資制度，初步規(guī)范了津貼補(bǔ)貼制度。投資體制改革和價(jià)格改革取得新進(jìn)展。

Comprehensive progress was made in reform of the system for managing foreign exchange.Reform of the fiscal and taxation systems was deepened, and the system of transfer payments and the system of public finance were steadily improved.The central government turned over 4.25 trillion yuan in transfer payments to local governments from 2003 to 2007, with 87% of it allocated to the central and western regions.A budget system for managing state capital was introduced in some enterprises on a trial basis.We launched and expanded trials to reform the value-added tax.The income tax systems for domestic and overseas-funded enterprises were unified.A unified state civil servant salary system based on both position and rank was set up, and the system of subsidies and allowances was basically standardized.Further progress was made in reform of the investment system and pricing system.加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)體系建設(shè)。生產(chǎn)要素市場(chǎng)化程度穩(wěn)步提高。商品流通現(xiàn)代化步伐加快。土地和礦產(chǎn)資源市場(chǎng)秩序、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和食品藥品安全等專項(xiàng)整治取得明顯成效，保護(hù)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)力度加大，嚴(yán)厲打擊了制假售假、非法傳銷、商業(yè)欺詐、盜版侵權(quán)等違法犯罪活動(dòng)。

Work to develop the market system was intensified.Market forces played an increasingly important role in trade in the factors of production.The modernization of commodity distribution was accelerated.Significant achievements were made in the effort to rectify order in the markets for land and mineral resources and improve the quality of products and the safety of food and drugs.Protection of intellectual property rights was strengthened, and we severely cracked down on violations of the law such as the production and sale of counterfeit goods, pyramid schemes, commercial fraud, piracy and infringement on others' rights.堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大對(duì)外開放。我們認(rèn)真履行加入世界貿(mào)易組織各項(xiàng)承諾，積極做好過渡期各項(xiàng)工作。深化涉外經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，促進(jìn)貿(mào)易投資便利化。放開外貿(mào)經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)，大幅度降低關(guān)稅，取消進(jìn)口配額、許可證等非關(guān)稅措施，金融、商業(yè)、電信等服務(wù)業(yè)開放不斷擴(kuò)大。進(jìn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)逐步優(yōu)化。利用外資質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步提高。實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略邁出堅(jiān)實(shí)步伐，對(duì)外經(jīng)濟(jì)互利合作取得明顯成效。

We continued to open China wider to the outside world.We honored all the commitments we made when we entered the World Trade Organization and made all the required adjustments for the transition period.We deepened reform of the externally oriented economic system to facilitate trade and investment.We lifted controls over access to foreign trade, greatly lowered tariffs, rescinded non-tariff measures such as import quotas and permits, and opened banking, commerce, telecommunications and other service sectors wider.There was gradual improvement in the mix of imports and exports.There was further improvement in the utilization of foreign capital.The “go global” strategy was resolutely implemented and significant results were obtained in mutually beneficial economic cooperation with other countries.（三）全面加強(qiáng)社會(huì)建設(shè)，切實(shí)保障和改善民生

3.Strengthening all aspects of social development, ensuring the wellbeing of the people and improving their lives.我們堅(jiān)持統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，加快教育、衛(wèi)生、文化、體育等社會(huì)事業(yè)發(fā)展和改革，積極解決涉及人民群眾切身利益的問題。

We steadfastly carried out overall planning for economic and social development, accelerated the development and reform of social programs in education, health, culture and sports and worked hard to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.在教育方面。全國財(cái)政用于教育支出五年累計(jì)2.43萬億元，比前五年增長(zhǎng)1.26倍。農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育已全面納入財(cái)政保障范圍，對(duì)全國農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生全部免除學(xué)雜費(fèi)、全部免費(fèi)提供教科書，對(duì)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生提供生活補(bǔ)助，使1.5億學(xué)生和780萬名家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生受益。西部地區(qū)基本普及九年義務(wù)教育、基本掃除青壯年文盲攻堅(jiān)計(jì)劃如期完成。國家安排專項(xiàng)資金支持2.2萬多所農(nóng)村中小學(xué)改造危房、建設(shè)7000多所寄宿制學(xué)校，遠(yuǎn)程教育已覆蓋36萬所農(nóng)村中小學(xué)，更多的農(nóng)村學(xué)生享受到優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源。

Education.Public expenditures on education in China reached 2.43 trillion yuan over the five-year period, a 126% increase compared to the previous five-year period.Funding for rural compulsory education is now fully provided by the government budget.All the 150 million students receiving compulsory education in rural areas are exempt from paying tuition and miscellaneous fees and are supplied with free textbooks, and living allowances are provided to the 7.8 million students from poor families who stay in school dormitories.The plan to make nine-year compulsory education basically universal and to basically eliminate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults in the western region was implemented on schedule.The state allocated special funds to support the renovation of dilapidated buildings at more than 22,000 rural primary and secondary schools and the building of more than 7,000 schools with student dormitory facilities.Distance education now covers 360,000 rural primary and middle schools, making quality education available to more rural students.更加重視職業(yè)教育發(fā)展，2007年中、高等職業(yè)教育在校生分別達(dá)到2000萬人和861萬人。普通高等教育本科生和研究生規(guī)模達(dá)到1144萬人。高校重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)。建立健全普通本科高校、高等和中等職業(yè)學(xué)校國家獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金助學(xué)金制度，中央財(cái)政此項(xiàng)支出從2006年20.5億元增加到去年的98億元，高校資助面超過20%，中等職業(yè)學(xué)校資助面超過90%，資助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大幅度提高。2007年開始在教育部直屬師范大學(xué)實(shí)施師范生免費(fèi)教育試點(diǎn)。我們?cè)趯?shí)現(xiàn)教育公平上邁出了重大步伐。

Greater efforts were made to develop vocational education, with the student population reaching 20 million at secondary vocational schools and 8.61 million at vocational colleges in 2007.A total of 11.44 million students were enrolled in undergraduate and graduate programs in regular institutions of higher learning.More effort was put into developing key disciplines in institutions of higher learning.A system of government scholarships and financial aid to students in regular undergraduate institutions, vocational colleges and secondary vocational schools was instituted and improved, and its funding from the central government budget was increased from 2.05 billion yuan in 2006 to 9.8 billion yuan in 2007.This enabled over 20% of the students in institutions of higher learning and more than 90% of the students in secondary vocational schools to benefit from financial aid and allowed schools to greatly raise the amount of aid offered.An experiment to provide free education to education students at normal universities directly under the Ministry of Education was launched in 2007.Major progress was made in providing equitable education opportunities for all.深入實(shí)施人才強(qiáng)國戰(zhàn)略，大力培養(yǎng)、積極引進(jìn)和合理使用各類人才，高層次、高技能人才隊(duì)伍不斷壯大。

The strategy of reinvigorating China through development of human resources was extensively applied.Great efforts were made to train Chinese personnel, bring in needed personnel from other countries and make wise use of skilled personnel of all types, thus strengthening the ranks of high-caliber, highly skilled personnel in China.在衛(wèi)生方面。全國財(cái)政用于醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出五年累計(jì)6294億元，比前五年增長(zhǎng)1.27倍。重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生、醫(yī)療服務(wù)和醫(yī)療保障體系建設(shè)，覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)、功能比較齊全的疾病預(yù)防控制和應(yīng)急醫(yī)療救治體系基本建成。國家規(guī)劃免疫預(yù)防的疾病由7種擴(kuò)大到15種，對(duì)艾滋病、結(jié)核病、血吸蟲病等重大傳染病患者實(shí)施免費(fèi)救治。

Health.Total government expenditures on medical and health care in China over the five-year period reached 629.4 billion yuan, a 127% increase compared to the previous five-year period.The funding was mainly used to develop the public health service system, the medical service system and the medical security system, and basically complete the formation of the disease prevention and control system and emergency medical response system with a fairly comprehensive range of functions, covering both urban and rural areas.The number of diseases covered by the state plan for immunization and disease prevention was increased from 7 to 15, and AIDS, tuberculosis, schistosomiasis and other major communicable diseases are now treated free of charge.國家安排資金改造和新建1.88萬所鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院、786所縣醫(yī)院、285所縣中醫(yī)院和534所縣婦幼保健院，為1.17萬個(gè)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院配備了醫(yī)療設(shè)備，農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件明顯改善。全國建立了2.4萬多個(gè)社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)，新型城市醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系進(jìn)一步健全。人口和計(jì)劃生育事業(yè)取得新進(jìn)展，低生育水平繼續(xù)保持穩(wěn)定。人民健康水平不斷提高，嬰兒死亡率和孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率明顯下降，2005年人均期望壽命達(dá)到73歲，對(duì)于我們這樣一個(gè)有13億人口的發(fā)展中國家是了不起的成就。

The state allocated funds to renovate or build 18,800 town and township health clinics, 786 county hospitals, 285 county traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and 534 county health centers for women and children, and equip 11,700 town and township health clinics with medical equipment, significantly improving conditions for providing medical and health care services in the countryside.More than 24,000 community health clinics were set up in China, further improving the new system of medical and health care services in urban areas.Further progress was made in carrying out population and family planning programs, and the birthrate remained stable at a low level.People's health continued to improve, infant and maternal mortality rates dropped significantly, and average life expectancy reached 73 years in 2005.These are momentous achievements for China, a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion.在就業(yè)方面。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施和完善積極的就業(yè)政策，從財(cái)稅、金融等方面加大支持力度，中央財(cái)政安排就業(yè)補(bǔ)助資金五年累計(jì)666億元。城鄉(xiāng)公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系建設(shè)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。

Employment.The government continued to follow and improve the policy that strongly promotes employment and to adopt fiscal, taxation and financial measures to increase employment.Expenditures for employment programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies totaled 66.6 billion yuan over the five-year period.Urban and rural systems for providing public employment services were further strengthened.統(tǒng)籌做好就業(yè)再就業(yè)工作，全面加強(qiáng)職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，平均每年城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1000多萬人、農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)800萬人。基本解決國有企業(yè)下崗職工再就業(yè)問題，完成下崗職工基本生活保障向失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)并軌。在勞動(dòng)力總量增加較多、就業(yè)壓力很大的情況下，保持了就業(yè)形勢(shì)的基本穩(wěn)定。

Efforts were intensified to increase employment and reemployment in a well-planned way, and training in vocational skills was comprehensively strengthened.As a result, more than ten million urban people got jobs and eight million rural workers found work in nonagricultural sectors per year on average.The problem of finding other employment opportunities for workers laid off from SOEs was basically solved, and the work of incorporating basic cost of living allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insurance system was completed.The employment situation remained basically stable despite a large increase in the total workforce and great pressure on employment.在社會(huì)保障方面。全國財(cái)政用于社會(huì)保障支出五年累計(jì)1.95萬億元，比前五年增長(zhǎng)1.41倍。城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度不斷完善，2007年參保人數(shù)突破2億人，比2002年增加5400多萬人；做實(shí)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)個(gè)人賬戶試點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大到11個(gè)省份；

Social safety net.Governments at all levels spent a total of 1.95 trillion yuan on building up the social safety net over the five-year period, a 141% increase compared to the previous five-year period.Continued improvement was made in the basic old-age insurance system for urban workers, with the number of participating workers exceeding 200 million in 2007, an increase of more than 54 million compared to 2002.Trials to fully fund personal accounts for basic old-age insurance were expanded to 11 province-level administrative units.從2005年開始連續(xù)三年提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。中央財(cái)政五年累計(jì)補(bǔ)助養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)專項(xiàng)資金3295億元。2007年城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)參保人數(shù)達(dá)到1.8億人，比2002年增加近1倍；88個(gè)城市啟動(dòng)城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)；新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度不斷完善，已擴(kuò)大到全國86%的縣，參合農(nóng)民達(dá)到7.3億人。全國社會(huì)保障基金積累4140億元，比2002年增加2898億元。

Basic pensions for enterprise retirees were raised three years in a row beginning in 2005.A total of 329.5 billion yuan was allocated for old-age insurance programs from the central government budget in the form of subsidies over the last five years.The number of urban workers participating in basic medical insurance reached 180 million in 2007, nearly twice the number in 2002.The trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents was launched in 88 cities.Continued improvement was made in the new system of rural cooperative medical care, which now covers 86% of all counties and 730 million rural residents in China.Funds to support the national social safety net totaled 414 billion yuan, an increase of 289.8 billion yuan over 2002.城鄉(xiāng)社會(huì)救助體系基本建立。城市居民最低生活保障制度不斷完善，保障標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和補(bǔ)助水平逐步提高。2007年在全國農(nóng)村全面建立最低生活保障制度，3451.9萬農(nóng)村居民納入保障范圍。這是保障城鄉(xiāng)困難群眾基本生活的一項(xiàng)根本性制度建設(shè)。社會(huì)福利、優(yōu)撫安置、慈善和殘疾人事業(yè)取得新進(jìn)展。抗災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作全面加強(qiáng)，中央財(cái)政五年支出551億元，受災(zāi)群眾生產(chǎn)生活得到妥善安排。

Establishment of the urban and rural emergency aid system was basically completed.The system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents was improved, with gradually rising standards and allowances.A system of basic cost of living allowances was established in all rural areas of China in 2007, covering 34.519 million rural residents.The systems provide a fundamental institution to assist poor people in urban and rural areas to meet basic living expenses.Further progress was made in developing social welfare, providing special assistance to entitled groups and developing charity programs and programs to help people with physical and mental disabilities.Efforts to combat disasters and provide disaster relief were greatly strengthened, with total expenditures from the central government budget reaching 55.1 billion yuan for the five-year period.This helped restore normal working and living conditions for disaster victims.在文化和體育方面。全國財(cái)政用于文化體育事業(yè)支出五年累計(jì)3104億元，比前五年增長(zhǎng)1.3倍。縣鄉(xiāng)兩級(jí)公共文化服務(wù)體系初步形成，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)了縣縣有圖書館、文化館。全國文化信息資源共享工程、廣播電視村村通工程等基層文化設(shè)施建設(shè)扎實(shí)推進(jìn)。哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)和新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)進(jìn)一步繁榮。文物和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)得到加強(qiáng)。對(duì)外文化交流更加活躍。城鄉(xiāng)公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)加快，群眾性體育蓬勃發(fā)展，體育健兒在國際大賽中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)。

Culture and sports.Government expenditures for culture and sports programs totaled 310.4 billion yuan for the five-year period, a 130% increase over the previous five-year period.The basic elements of a public cultural services system at the county and township levels were put in place, and basically every county now has a library and cultural center.Substantive progress was made in setting up local cultural facilities such as the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources and extend radio and television coverage to all villages.Philosophy, the social sciences, the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and art thrived.Protection of cultural relics and intangible cultural heritage was strengthened.Cultural exchanges with other countries were intensified.Development of public sports facilities in urban and rural areas was accelerated, mass sports activities developed vigorously, and Chinese athletes did well in international competitions.在居民收入和消費(fèi)方面。努力增加城鄉(xiāng)居民特別是低收入居民收入。調(diào)高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；基本解決拖欠農(nóng)民工工資問題；四次提高重點(diǎn)優(yōu)撫對(duì)象的撫恤補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，統(tǒng)籌解決退役軍人實(shí)際困難。降低居民儲(chǔ)蓄存款利息稅率，提高個(gè)人所得稅起征點(diǎn)。家庭財(cái)產(chǎn)普遍增多。居民消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)加快，家用汽車大幅度增加，移動(dòng)電話、計(jì)算機(jī)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)快速普及，旅游人數(shù)成倍增長(zhǎng)。住房條件進(jìn)一步改善，棚戶區(qū)改造取得積極進(jìn)展。城鄉(xiāng)居民享有的公共服務(wù)明顯增多。

Personal income and consumer spending Vigorous efforts were made to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents, especially low-income persons.The minimum wage was increased.The problem of arrears in the wages of rural migrant workers in urban areas was basically resolved.The standards for financial aid to key entitled groups were increased four times, and plans were implemented to resolve the practical problems of demobilized military personnel.The tax on interest earnings from individual savings deposits was lowered and the earnings threshold for the individual income tax was raised.There was a general increase in family assets.Upgrading of consumer spending proceeded at a faster pace, and there was a great increase in the number of family-owned cars and rapid spread in the use of cell phones, computers and Internet services.The number of people going on vacations increased several fold.There was further improvement in housing conditions, encouraging progress was made in improving conditions in shantytowns, and much more public services were made available to urban and rural residents.在社會(huì)管理方面。著力維護(hù)人民群眾合法權(quán)益，積極化解社會(huì)矛盾。制定并實(shí)施保障農(nóng)民工合法權(quán)益的政策措施。努力解決土地征收征用、房屋拆遷、企業(yè)改制、環(huán)境保護(hù)等方面損害群眾利益的問題。信訪工作不斷加強(qiáng)。高度重視安全生產(chǎn)工作，健全安全監(jiān)管體制，落實(shí)安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任制，加強(qiáng)安全生產(chǎn)法制建設(shè)。社會(huì)治安防控體系更加健全，綜合治理工作進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。依法打擊各類犯罪活動(dòng)，有效維護(hù)了國家安全和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。

Public administration。

Work in this area was concentrated on protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the people and resolving social tensions.We formulated and implemented policies and measures for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of rural migrant workers in urban areas.We devoted a great deal of effort to resolving infringements on the interests of the public related to land expropriation and requisition, housing demolition, enterprises converting to a stockholding system and environmental protection.Improvement was made in the handling of complaints made by individuals through letters and visits.We paid very close attention to improving workplace safety and the safety oversight system, instituted a responsibility system for workplace safety and improved related legislation.The public security system for crime prevention and control was further strengthened, and overall crime control work was intensified.We combated criminal activities in accordance with the law, effectively protected China's security and maintained law and order.在經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展和財(cái)力明顯增加的情況下，用很大力量解決了一些長(zhǎng)期遺留的歷史問題。剝離和處置國有商業(yè)銀行不良資產(chǎn)，置換農(nóng)村信用社不良貸款和歷年虧損掛賬，化解國有企業(yè)歷史債務(wù)，逐步解決國有糧食企業(yè)政策性虧損掛賬，還清出口退稅欠款，完善大中型水庫征地補(bǔ)償和移民后期扶持政策等。這些問題的解決對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展起到了重要作用。

Taking advantage of the rapid development of the economy and significant improvement of public finance, we worked hard to resolve some longstanding problems.We sold off nonperforming assets of state-owned commercial banks, made alternate arrangements for nonperforming loans and long-term non-paying accounts of rural credit cooperatives, eased the long-term debts of SOEs, gradually eased policy-related losses of state-owned grain enterprises, cleared up overdue tax rebates for exports, and improved the policy for paying compensation for requisition of land for large and medium-sized reservoirs and assisting people displaced by reservoir projects.Resolution of these problems played an important role in promoting economic and social development.五年來，我們?cè)诿裰鞣ㄖ平ㄔO(shè)、國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)、港澳臺(tái)工作和外交等方面，也取得了重要進(jìn)展。

We made major progress over the past five years in enhancing democracy and the legal system, building national defense and the military, doing our work related to Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and conducting diplomacy.穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義民主法制建設(shè)。各級(jí)政府自覺接受同級(jí)人民代表大會(huì)及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，主動(dòng)接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，認(rèn)真聽取民主黨派、工商聯(lián)、無黨派人士、人民團(tuán)體意見，通過多種形式征求專家學(xué)者和人民群眾的建議，接受新聞媒體和社會(huì)各界的監(jiān)督。實(shí)行重大事項(xiàng)決策公示和聽證制度。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)基層自治組織建設(shè)，基層民主管理制度進(jìn)一步健全。五年國務(wù)院共向全國人大常委會(huì)提交39件法律議案，制定、修訂137件行政法規(guī)。探索建立公眾有序參與政府立法的機(jī)制和制度，有15部法律草案和行政法規(guī)草案向社會(huì)公開征求意見。全面清理了現(xiàn)行行政法規(guī)和規(guī)章。貫徹民族區(qū)域自治法，推進(jìn)民族團(tuán)結(jié)進(jìn)步事業(yè)。全面落實(shí)宗教信仰自由政策，宗教事務(wù)管理走向法制化、規(guī)范化。全面落實(shí)僑務(wù)政策，依法保護(hù)海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷的合法權(quán)益。

We made steady progress in improving socialist democracy and the socialist legal system.Governments at all levels conscientiously accepted the oversight of the people's congress and its standing committee at the corresponding level;voluntarily accepted the democratic oversight by CPPCC committees;carefully listened to the views of the democratic parties, federations of industry and commerce, persons without party affiliation and people's organizations;solicited suggestions of experts, scholars and the general public in a variety of forms;and accepted the oversight of the media and all sectors of society.Governments at all levels made public announcements and held public hearings before making major decisions.We stepped up efforts to develop autonomy in urban community and village administrative bodies and further improved the democratic system at the local level.During the past five years the State Council submitted 39 bills to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and formulated or revised 137 administrative regulations.We explored ways to set up mechanisms and systems for orderly public participation in government legislation and published 15 draft laws and drafts of administrative regulations to solicit comments from the public.We carried out a thorough review of current administrative rules and regulations.We adhered to the Law on Regional Ethnic Autonomy and carried forward the programs to promote unity and progress among ethnic groups.The policy on freedom of religious belief was comprehensively implemented, and the administration of religious affairs was put on a more solid legal footing and further standardized.We comprehensively implemented the policy on matters related to overseas Chinese nationals and protected the legitimate rights and interests of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives.全面加強(qiáng)軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)。積極推進(jìn)中國特色軍事變革。調(diào)整改革軍隊(duì)體制編制和政策制度，裁減軍隊(duì)員額20萬任務(wù)順利完成。國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)取得歷史性成就。人民解放軍和人民武裝警察部隊(duì)為維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、領(lǐng)土完整和促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定作出了重大貢獻(xiàn)。

We stepped up all efforts to modernize the military.We vigorously pressed ahead with the revolution in military affairs with Chinese characteristics.We adjusted and reformed the military's structure and staffing and its related policies and systems and smoothly cut its size by 200,000 personnel.We made historic achievements in strengthening national defense and the military.The People's Liberation Army and the People's Armed Police Force made major contributions to safeguarding China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity and to promoting social harmony and stability.堅(jiān)持“一國兩制”方針，嚴(yán)格按照香港特別行政區(qū)基本法和澳門特別行政區(qū)基本法辦事。實(shí)施內(nèi)地與香港、澳門更緊密經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系安排。香港、澳門保持繁榮穩(wěn)定。

We adhered to the principle of “one country, two systems” and acted in strict accordance with the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region.We implemented the Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement between the mainland and the regions of Hong Kong and Macao.Both regions remained thriving and stable.堅(jiān)決反對(duì)和遏制“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)，捍衛(wèi)國家主權(quán)與領(lǐng)土完整，維護(hù)臺(tái)海和平。實(shí)施一系列有利于人員往來和經(jīng)濟(jì)科技教育文化體育交流的措施，促進(jìn)了兩岸關(guān)系和平穩(wěn)定發(fā)展。

We resolutely opposed and foiled secessionist activities aimed at Taiwan independence, thereby protecting China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and safeguarding peace in the Taiwan Straits.We carried out a number of measures to make it easier for people to visit between the two sides and for economic, scientific, educational, cultural and sports exchanges to take place in order to promote the peaceful and steady development of cross-Straits relations.積極開展對(duì)外交往與合作，全方位外交取得重大進(jìn)展，堅(jiān)定地維護(hù)和發(fā)展了國家利益。我國同主要大國加強(qiáng)了對(duì)話，增進(jìn)了信任，擴(kuò)大了合作。中美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定發(fā)展，中俄戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系提高到新水平，中歐全面合作日益深化，中日關(guān)系得到改善，同周邊國家睦鄰友好關(guān)系進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)，區(qū)域合作取得新成果，同發(fā)展中國家的團(tuán)結(jié)合作開創(chuàng)了新局面。成功舉辦一系列重大多邊外交活動(dòng)。妥善應(yīng)對(duì)國際上各種新挑戰(zhàn)，積極負(fù)責(zé)地參與解決全球性問題，在解決國際和地區(qū)熱點(diǎn)問題上發(fā)揮著重要的建設(shè)性作用。

We actively promoted exchange and cooperation with other countries, made major progress in conducting diplomacy on all fronts, and resolutely safeguarded and developed China's interests.China stepped up dialogue with the major countries and increased trust and expanded cooperation with them.China-U.S.relations developed steadily, the China-Russia partnership of strategic coordination reached a new height, China-Europe cooperation in all areas went from strength to strength, and China-Japan relations improved.Good-neighborly relations with surrounding countries were further strengthened, further achievements were made in regional cooperation, and China's solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries entered a new stage.We successfully carried out a series of major multilateral diplomatic activities.We appropriately responded to new challenges in the international arena, actively and responsibly participated in efforts to resolve global issues, and played an important and constructive role in the resolution of issues concerning international and regional hotspots.五年來，我們始終重視政府自身改革和建設(shè)。本屆政府把實(shí)行科學(xué)民主決策、推進(jìn)依法行政、加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)督作為政府工作的三項(xiàng)基本準(zhǔn)則。制定全面推進(jìn)依法行政實(shí)施綱要，推動(dòng)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變和管理創(chuàng)新，強(qiáng)化社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)。認(rèn)真貫徹實(shí)施行政許可法，推進(jìn)行政審批制度改革，國務(wù)院各部門取消和調(diào)整行政審批項(xiàng)目692項(xiàng)。推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開，完善新聞發(fā)布制度，加強(qiáng)電子政務(wù)建設(shè)。全國應(yīng)急管理體系基本建立。監(jiān)察、審計(jì)等專門監(jiān)督工作卓有成效。公務(wù)員教育培訓(xùn)和管理法制化建設(shè)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。堅(jiān)持不懈地開展反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)和加強(qiáng)政風(fēng)建設(shè)，治理商業(yè)賄賂工作取得良好成效，依法查處違法違規(guī)案件和失職瀆職行為，懲處腐敗分子。

We paid close attention to self-reform and self-improvement of the government during the five-year period.This government took scientific and democratic policy-making, law-based administration and better administrative oversight as the three basic principles for its work.We formulated the Program for Advancing All Aspects of Government Administration in Accordance with the Law and promoted change in the way the government functions and innovations in management, thereby improving public administration and public services.We diligently carried out the Administrative Permit Law and promoted reform of the system of administrative examination and approval.As a result, departments of the State Council eliminated or streamlined a total of 692 items requiring examination and approval.We promoted greater openness in government affairs, improved the system for releasing information, and increased the application of e-government.Establishment of a national emergency response management system was basically completed.Oversight work such as supervision and auditing was quite effective.Further improvement was made in education and training of civil servants and in developing a legislative framework for civil-service administration.We worked unceasingly to combat corruption and improve the conduct of the government, made good progress in combating bribery in business, uncovered a number of violations of laws and regulations and cases of neglect and dereliction of duty, and punished corrupt persons.過去五年，我們?cè)谪S富實(shí)踐中積累了許多寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)，主要體會(huì)是：

We learned many valuable lessons in our experiences over the last five years.The main ones are as follows.第一，必須堅(jiān)持解放思想。解放思想、實(shí)事求是是我們黨的思想路線。只有堅(jiān)持一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)，破除迷信，敢于沖破不合時(shí)宜的觀念束縛，尊重群眾首創(chuàng)精神，大膽探索、實(shí)踐和創(chuàng)造，與時(shí)俱進(jìn)，才能使社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)充滿生機(jī)和活力。

First, we must continue to liberate our thinking.Liberating our thinking and following a realistic and pragmatic approach is the Party's ideological line.We must proceed from reality in everything we do, eliminate superstition, break the shackles of outdated ideas, respect the people's pioneering spirit, boldly explore new ways, take concrete action, be creative, and keep up with the times to ensure that the cause of socialist modernization retains its great vitality.第二，必須堅(jiān)持落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀。科學(xué)發(fā)展觀是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的重大戰(zhàn)略思想，是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要指導(dǎo)方針。我們要堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展作為第一要?jiǎng)?wù)，著力轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量和效益；堅(jiān)持以人為本，注重統(tǒng)籌兼顧，推動(dòng)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。只有深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，才能實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)又好又快發(fā)展，促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧。

Second, we must steadfastly apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.This is a major strategic concept for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and an important guiding principle for China's economic and social development.We must continue to take development as the top priority, concentrate on changing the way the economy develops, and adjust the economic structure to improve the quality and efficiency of economic growth.We must always put people first, attach great importance to overall planning, and promote comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development.Only by thoroughly applying the Scientific Outlook on Development can we achieve sound and rapid economic and social development and promote social harmony.第三，必須堅(jiān)持改革開放。改革開放是決定當(dāng)代中國命運(yùn)重大而關(guān)鍵的抉擇。我們要堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革、政治體制改革，發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治，完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展。開放也是改革，開放兼容才能強(qiáng)國。改革開放貫穿于社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的整個(gè)過程，任何時(shí)候都不能動(dòng)搖。

Third, we must adhere to the reform and opening up policy.Reform and opening up is a major and crucial choice that is shaping the destiny of contemporary China.We need to unswervingly promote reform in economic and political institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist market economy, liberate and develop the productive forces, promote social fairness and justice, and achieve all-round personal development.Opening up is also a kind of reform, and a nation cannot become strong if it is not open and inclusive.We must continue to pursue reform and opening up throughout the course of socialist modernization and never deviate from this policy.第四，必須堅(jiān)持搞好宏觀調(diào)控。宏觀調(diào)控與市場(chǎng)機(jī)制都是社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的組成部分。我們要更大程度地發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，增強(qiáng)企業(yè)活力和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。同時(shí)，要加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，堅(jiān)持主要運(yùn)用經(jīng)濟(jì)手段、法律手段，發(fā)揮各種政策的組合效應(yīng)；堅(jiān)持區(qū)別對(duì)待、有保有壓，不搞一刀切，不搞急剎車；堅(jiān)持不斷總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，及時(shí)調(diào)整政策，注重實(shí)際效果。只有把市場(chǎng)機(jī)制和宏觀調(diào)控有機(jī)結(jié)合起來，才能保證整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)充滿活力、富有效率、持續(xù)健康協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。

Fourth, we must continue to exercise effective macroeconomic regulation.Both macroeconomic regulation and market forces are components of the socialist market economy.We need to make better use of the basic role of market forces in allocating resources, revitalize enterprises and improve their competitive edge.At the same time, we need to improve macroeconomic regulation, continue to carry out macroeconomic regulation mainly through economic and legal means, and get the complete range of government policies to fully play their role.We must continue to deal with each situation on its own merits, encourage growth in some sectors and discourage it in others as the situation requires, and refrain from taking a uniform approach to different situations or putting on the brakes without good reason.We must continue to draw lessons from our experiences, make policy adjustments as needed and be result-oriented.We must integrate the use of market forces with macroeconomic regulation in order to ensure that the economy remains vigorous, performs well, and develops in a sustainable, healthy and balanced way.第五，必須堅(jiān)持執(zhí)政為民。政府的一切權(quán)力都是人民賦予的，執(zhí)政為民是各級(jí)政府的崇高使命。我們要牢記全心全意為人民服務(wù)的宗旨，把實(shí)現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益，作為政府工作的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)。更加注重保障和改善民生，特別要關(guān)心和解決城鄉(xiāng)低收入群眾的生活困難，使全體人民共享改革發(fā)展成果。只有堅(jiān)持一切屬于人民，一切為了人民，一切依靠人民，一切歸功于人民，我們的各項(xiàng)事業(yè)才能獲得最廣泛最可靠的群眾基礎(chǔ)和力量源泉。

Fifth, we must continue to run the government for the people.All the power of the government comes from the people, and running the government for them is a lofty mission of governments at all levels.We must never forget that serving the people wholeheartedly is our purpose, and make sure that the aim and outcome of the work of the government is to fulfill, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of people.We need to attach greater importance to ensuring the well-being of the people and improving their lives, in particular showing concern for urban and rural residents with low incomes and helping them make ends meet in their daily lives, in order to ensure that all of the people share in the fruits of reform and development.We must always keep in mind that everything belongs to the people, do everything for their benefit, rely on them in everything we do and attribute all our successes to their efforts.Only by doing so can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for ensuring success in all our endeavors.第六，必須堅(jiān)持依法行政。遵守憲法和法律是政府一切工作的根本原則。我們要嚴(yán)格按照法定權(quán)限和程序行使權(quán)力、履行職責(zé)，加強(qiáng)政府立法，規(guī)范行政執(zhí)法，完善行政監(jiān)督，建設(shè)法治政府，不斷提高依法行政能力。只有全面推行依法行政，努力做到有權(quán)必有責(zé)、用權(quán)受監(jiān)督、侵權(quán)要賠償、違法要追究，讓權(quán)力在陽光下運(yùn)行，才能保證人民賦予的權(quán)力始終用來為人民謀利益。

Sixth, we must continue to run the government in accordance with the law.Abiding by the Constitution and laws is a fundamental principle for all the work of the government.We need to exercise our power and perform our functions and responsibilities within the jurisdiction stipulated by law and in accordance with legal procedures, improve government legislative work, standardize administrative law enforcement, improve administrative oversight, develop law-based government and enhance our ability to carry out administrative functions in accordance with the law.We must ensure that government administration fully complies with the law, that power comes with responsibility, that there is proper oversight on the exercise of power, that reparation is paid for infringement of rights, that any violation of the law is prosecuted, and that power is exercised in a transparent manner.This is the only way to ensure that the power entrusted to us by the people is always exercised in their interests.我們也清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展和政府工作中還存在不少問題，國內(nèi)外形勢(shì)發(fā)展變化使我們面臨諸多新的挑戰(zhàn)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

We are also clearly aware that there are still many problems affecting China's economic and social development and the work of the government, and that changes in the domestic and international environment present many new challenges and risks.——經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行中一些突出問題和深層次矛盾依然存在。近年來固定資產(chǎn)投資增長(zhǎng)過快，貨幣信貸投放過多，國際收支不平衡。長(zhǎng)期形成的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾和增長(zhǎng)方式粗放問題仍然突出。投資與消費(fèi)關(guān)系不協(xié)調(diào)，投資率持續(xù)偏高；一二三產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)，工業(yè)特別是重工業(yè)比重偏大，服務(wù)業(yè)比重偏低；自主創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)，經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的資源環(huán)境代價(jià)過大。

-There are still some prominent issues and deep-rooted problems affecting economic performance.China has experienced overheated growth in fixed asset investment, excessive supplies of money and credit, and imbalance in its international payments in recent years.Longstanding structural problems and the extensive pattern of growth remain serious problems.There is a lack of balance between investment and consumption, with the investment rate still running too high.Development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries is not in balance, with too much investment in primary industry, particularly heavy industry, but too little investment in the service industry.China's capacity for independent innovation is still weak and the price paid for economic growth in terms of resource consumption and environmental pressure is too great.農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)仍然薄弱，農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收難度加大，城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域發(fā)展差距擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)尚未扭轉(zhuǎn)。特別是影響經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的體制機(jī)制障礙還相當(dāng)突出，改革攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)繁重。

Agriculture, the foundation of the economy, remains weak.The difficulty of maintaining steady agricultural development and keeping the incomes of farmers increasing has grown, and the growing development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions has not been checked.In particular, the institutional factors hindering economic development remain serious, making institutional reform a daunting task.——涉及群眾切身利益的問題有待進(jìn)一步解決。當(dāng)前物價(jià)上漲、通貨膨脹壓力加大，是廣大群眾最為關(guān)注的問題。去年居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平比上年上漲4.8%，主要是食品和居住類價(jià)格漲幅較大。物價(jià)上漲有多方面的因素：國內(nèi)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格多年在低位運(yùn)行，近期的價(jià)格上漲有其必然性和一定的合理因素，但對(duì)群眾特別是低收入群眾生活影響較大；近年來國際市場(chǎng)初級(jí)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格大幅上升，也直接影響國內(nèi)價(jià)格上漲。

-More work needs to be done to resolve problems affecting the vital interests of the people.The current price hikes and increasing inflationary pressures are the biggest concern of the people.Last year's consumer price index(CPI)rose by 4.8% year-on-year, mainly due to large increases in the cost of food and housing.There are a variety of factors behind the price increases.Though the domestic prices of farm products have remained low for many years and some of the recent price increases were therefore overdue and somewhat reasonable, price increases nevertheless have a great impact on people's lives, especially on the lives of the low-income sector of the population.The prices of primary commodities on the international market have risen considerably in recent years, which directly puts upward pressure on domestic prices.由于推動(dòng)價(jià)格上漲的因素還將存在，今年價(jià)格上漲的壓力仍然較大。同時(shí)，生產(chǎn)資料價(jià)格不斷上升，房地產(chǎn)等資產(chǎn)價(jià)格上漲過快，防止通貨膨脹的任務(wù)相當(dāng)艱巨。勞動(dòng)就業(yè)、社會(huì)保障、教育、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、收入分配、住房、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全、安全生產(chǎn)、社會(huì)治安等方面，還有不少問題需要認(rèn)真加以解決。

Because factors driving prices up are still at work, upward pressure on prices will remain great this year.In addition, prices of the means of production have continued to rise and real estate prices have risen steeply, making the task of holding down inflation difficult.There are still quite a few problems in employment, the social safety net, education, medical and health care, income distribution, housing, product quality and safety, workplace safety and public security, and we need to work harder to resolve them.——國際經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境變化不確定因素和潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增加。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)與世界經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系越來越密切。當(dāng)前全球經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡加劇、增速放緩，國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)更加激烈；美國次級(jí)抵押貸款危機(jī)影響蔓延，美元持續(xù)貶值，國際金融市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)增大；國際市場(chǎng)糧食價(jià)格上漲，石油等初級(jí)產(chǎn)品價(jià)格高位運(yùn)行；貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義加劇，貿(mào)易摩擦增多。

-Both uncertainties in the international economic environment and potential risks have increased.As economic globalization proceeds, the Chinese economy becomes increasingly tied to the world economy.The current imbalance in the global economy is only getting worse and global economic growth is slowing, making international competition even fiercer.The impact of the U.S.sub-prime mortgage crisis is expanding, the value of the dollar is continuing to fall, and there is greater risk in international financial markets.Grain prices are rising and prices for petroleum and other primary products remain high in the international market.Trade protectionism has gotten worse, and trade frictions have increased.國際上一些政治因素對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)走勢(shì)的影響也不容忽視。這些都可能對(duì)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來不利影響。我國正處在改革發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期，必須充分做好應(yīng)對(duì)國際環(huán)境變化的各種準(zhǔn)備，提高防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的能力。

The effect of certain political factors in the international arena on world economic trends cannot be overlooked.All this could adversely affect China's economic development.China is now in a critical period in its reform and development, and we must be fully prepared for changes in the international environment and become better able to defuse risks.——政府自身建設(shè)和管理需要加強(qiáng)。我們深深感到，政府工作與形勢(shì)的要求和人民的期望還有不小差距。政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變還不到位，社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)比較薄弱；一些部門職責(zé)交叉、權(quán)責(zé)脫節(jié)，相互推諉，辦事效率低下；一些政府工作人員服務(wù)意識(shí)不強(qiáng)，素質(zhì)不高；對(duì)權(quán)力的監(jiān)督和約束機(jī)制不健全，形式主義、官僚主義問題比較突出，弄虛作假、奢侈浪費(fèi)和腐敗現(xiàn)象比較嚴(yán)重。

-The government's self-improvement efforts and administration need to be strengthened.We are keenly aware that the work and accomplishments of the government still fall somewhat short of what circumstances require and the people expect.The functions of government have not been completely transformed, and public administration and public services are still weak.Some government departments have overlapping responsibilities, their powers and responsibilities are not well matched, some try to shirk their responsibilities, and their performance is poor.Some government employees have an inadequate sense of responsibility toward the public and are not competent enough.Oversight mechanisms and checks on government authority are not strong enough.The problems of formalism and bureaucratic behavior are fairly common, and fraud, extravagance and waste, and corruption are quite serious.我們一定要始終保持清醒頭腦，增強(qiáng)憂患意識(shí)，以對(duì)國家、對(duì)人民高度負(fù)責(zé)的使命感和緊迫感，更加兢兢業(yè)業(yè)、扎扎實(shí)實(shí)地做好政府各項(xiàng)工作。

We must remain clear-headed at all times, be more mindful of potential danger, be highly responsible to the country and the people, maintain a high sense of mission and urgency, work even more industriously, and successfully carry out all of the government's work.各位代表！

Fellow Deputies, 過去五年的成就和進(jìn)步，來之不易。這是在改革開放多年來奠定的基礎(chǔ)上取得的，是以胡錦濤同志為總書記的黨中央駕馭全局、正確領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的結(jié)果，是全國各族人民奮發(fā)進(jìn)取、共同努力的結(jié)果，也是與廣大海外僑胞、國際友人的支持和幫助分不開的。

The achievements of the past five years have not come easily.They were built on a foundation laid through many years of reform and opening up, and are attributable to the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, which has effectively managed the overall situation.Credit also goes to the hard work and concerted effort of the people of all the ethnic groups in China, and to the support and assistance of overseas Chinese nationals and foreign friends.在戰(zhàn)勝種種嚴(yán)重困難和挑戰(zhàn)、完成各項(xiàng)重大任務(wù)中，充分表現(xiàn)了中國人民不畏艱險(xiǎn)、一往無前的決心、勇氣和意志。我代表國務(wù)院，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團(tuán)體和各界人士，表示誠摯的感謝！向香港特別行政區(qū)同胞、澳門特別行政區(qū)同胞和臺(tái)灣同胞，以及廣大僑胞，表示誠摯的感謝！向世界各國政府、國際組織和國際友人對(duì)中國現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)的理解和支持，表示誠摯的感謝！

Displaying indomitable determination, courage and will, the Chinese people have overcome untold difficulties and challenges and accomplished major tasks.On behalf of the State Council, I would like to sincerely thank the people of all the ethnic groups, the democratic parties, the people's organizations and people from all sectors of society.I would like to express my sincere thanks to our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, as well as overseas Chinese nationals.I would like to thank governments of other countries, international organizations and foreign friends of China around the world for their understanding of and support for China's modernization.二、2008年主要任務(wù) II.Major Tasks for 2008

今年是全面貫徹黨的十七大精神的第一年，改革發(fā)展任務(wù)繁重而艱巨，做好政府工作意義重大。

This is the first year for comprehensively implementing the guiding principles set out at the Seventeenth CPC National Congress.We face arduous tasks in reform and development, and it is very important for us to successfully carry out the work of the government.政府工作的基本思路和主要任務(wù)是：高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，更加重視加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，更加重視推進(jìn)改革開放和自主創(chuàng)新，更加重視調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)和提高發(fā)展質(zhì)量，更加重視節(jié)約資源和保護(hù)環(huán)境，更加重視改善民生和促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)，加快全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)進(jìn)程。

The basic guidelines and major tasks for the government's work are as follows: we must hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics;take Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents as our guide;fully apply the Scientific Outlook on Development;attach greater importance to improving macroeconomic regulation, promoting reform, opening up and independent innovation, adjusting the economic structure and improving the quality of development, conserving resources and protecting the environment, and improving people's lives and promoting social harmony;promote socialist economic, political, cultural and social development;and accelerate the process of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.今年國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：在優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效益、降低消耗、保護(hù)環(huán)境的基礎(chǔ)上，國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)8%左右；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平漲幅控制在4.8%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1000萬人，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率控制在4.5%左右；國際收支狀況有所改善。

We have set the following targets for economic and social development in 2008: on the basis of improving the economic structure, productivity, energy efficiency and environmental protection, the GDP should grow by about 8%, and the rise in the CPI should be held at around 4.8%.Ten million jobs should be created in urban areas, and the rate of registered urban unemployment should be kept at around 4.5%.Some improvement should be made in the balance of payments.這里要著重說明，提出國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長(zhǎng)8%左右，主要是綜合考慮了國內(nèi)和國際多種因素，著眼于保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，引導(dǎo)各方面把主要精力和工作重點(diǎn)放在轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、深化改革、加快社會(huì)建設(shè)上，防止片面追求和盲目攀比經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度，實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)又好又快發(fā)展。

It is important to note here that in setting the GDP growth target at around 8% for 2008, we have taken into account a variety of domestic and international factors.Our goal is to maintain both steady and fast economic growth, and guide all sectors of society to concentrate on changing the pattern of development, deepening reform and accelerating social development.The different regions should not just seek faster growth or compete with each other to have the highest growth rate.We should promote both sound and fast economic and social development.提出居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總水平漲幅控制在4.8%左右，主要是由于去年價(jià)格上漲對(duì)今年價(jià)格的翹尾影響較大，推動(dòng)價(jià)格上漲的因素較多，控制物價(jià)上漲的難度加大；同時(shí)，又要考慮到居民、企業(yè)和社會(huì)各方面承受能力，努力避免物價(jià)漲幅過大。The major considerations in setting the target for keeping the CPI this year at around 4.8% are as follows: last year's price increases are still exerting a fairly strong influence and quite a few factors are creating inflationary pressure, making it difficult to bring price increases under control.At the same time, we have to take into consideration the ability of individuals, enterprises and all sectors of society to tolerate price increases and try our best to avoid sharp price increases.實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)和任務(wù)，需要把握以下原則：

To attain the targets and accomplish the tasks for this year's economic and social development, we must adhere to the following principles: 堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展；堅(jiān)持好字優(yōu)先，加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式；堅(jiān)持改革開放，注重推進(jìn)制度建設(shè)和創(chuàng)新；

we must make progress while maintaining stability and aim for fast yet steady economic development.We must give priority to the quality rather than speed of development and accelerate improvement in the pattern of economic development.We must pursue reform and opening up and attach great importance to promoting institutional improvements and innovations.堅(jiān)持以人為本，加快以改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)。今年經(jīng)濟(jì)工作，要把防止經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由偏快轉(zhuǎn)為過熱、防止價(jià)格由結(jié)構(gòu)性上漲演變?yōu)槊黠@通貨膨脹作為宏觀調(diào)控的首要任務(wù)；鑒于當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)發(fā)展的不確定因素較多，要密切跟蹤分析新情況新問題，審時(shí)度勢(shì)，從實(shí)際出發(fā)，及時(shí)靈活地采取相應(yīng)對(duì)策，正確把握宏觀調(diào)控的節(jié)奏、重點(diǎn)和力度，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，避免出現(xiàn)大的起落。

We must put people first and accelerate social development, with the focus on improving people's lives.The primary task for macroeconomic regulation this year is to prevent fast economic growth from becoming overheated growth and keep structural price increases from turning into significant inflation.There are quite a few uncertainties in the current economic situation at home and abroad, so we need to keep close track of new developments and problems, properly size up situations and take prompt and flexible measures to respond to them while keeping our feet firmly rooted in reality.We need to maintain the appropriate pace, focus and intensity of macroeconomic regulation to sustain steady and fast economic development and avoid drastic fluctuations in the economy.今年要著重抓好以下九個(gè)方面工作：

We need to concentrate on the following nine tasks this year:

（一）搞好宏觀調(diào)控，保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展

1.Improving macroeconomic regulation to maintain fast yet steady economic development.根據(jù)國內(nèi)外經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)和宏觀調(diào)控任務(wù)的要求，今年要實(shí)行穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策和從緊的貨幣政策。

In view of the current domestic and international economic situation we need to follow a prudent fiscal policy and a tight monetary policy this year to accomplish the tasks for macroeconomic regulation.繼續(xù)實(shí)行穩(wěn)健的財(cái)政政策，就是要保持財(cái)政政策的連續(xù)性和穩(wěn)定性，充分發(fā)揮財(cái)政促進(jìn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的重要作用，增加對(duì)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、改善民生、深化改革等方面的支出；同時(shí)，進(jìn)一步減少財(cái)政赤字和長(zhǎng)期建設(shè)國債。

Continuing to follow a prudent fiscal policy means that we must ensure the continuity and consistency of fiscal policy, get public finance to fully play its important role in promoting structural adjustment and balanced development, and increase expenditures to shore up weak links, improve people's lives and deepen reform.In addition, we need to further reduce the budget deficit and the volume of long-term development treasury bonds.今年，中央財(cái)政赤字預(yù)算擬安排1800億元，比去年預(yù)算赤字減少650億元；擬安排國債投資300億元，比去年減少200億元；增加中央預(yù)算內(nèi)經(jīng)常性建設(shè)投資，中央建設(shè)投資總計(jì)為1521億元。

The deficit for the central government budget this year is set at 180 billion yuan, 65 billion yuan less than last year.We plan to issue 30 billion yuan of treasury bonds for investment, 20 billion yuan less than last year, and increase allocations from the central government budget for general development, bringing total central government investment in development projects up to 152.1 billion yuan.11 繼續(xù)調(diào)整財(cái)政支出和政府投資結(jié)構(gòu)，較大幅度地增加“三農(nóng)”、社會(huì)保障、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、教育、文化、節(jié)能減排和廉租住房建設(shè)等方面支出。要抓好增收節(jié)支，依法加強(qiáng)稅收征管，規(guī)范非稅收入管理，控制一般性支出。改革政府投資管理方式，提高投資使用效益。

We will continue to adjust the structure of government spending and investment by greatly increasing spending on agriculture, rural areas and farmers, the social safety net, medical and health care, education, culture, energy conservation and emissions reduction, and construction of low-rent housing.We will work hard to increase revenue and reduce expenditures, tighten tax collection and management in accordance with the law, improve management of non-tax revenue, and control regular expenditures.We need to reform the management of government investment to improve the performance of investments.合理安排財(cái)政超收收入。去年全國財(cái)政比預(yù)算超收7239億元，其中中央財(cái)政超收4168億元。超預(yù)算收入使用的原則是：集中財(cái)力辦關(guān)系民生和制度性建設(shè)方面的事，調(diào)整結(jié)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。

Government revenue surplus must be used wisely.Total government revenue exceeded the targeted figure by more than 723.9 billion yuan last year, including 416.8 billion yuan in the central government budget.Surplus revenue should be concentrated on solving problems that have a direct bearing on people's lives, making institutional and structural improvements and strengthening weak links.依法增加地方兩稅返還和一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付的支出；增加農(nóng)林水、教育、文化和科技方面支出；增加社會(huì)保障、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、司法保障和廉租住房建設(shè)支出；增加節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)支出；解決農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育債務(wù)和國有糧食企業(yè)財(cái)務(wù)掛賬等歷史遺留問題支出。同時(shí)，削減財(cái)政赤字450億元；擬增加中央預(yù)算穩(wěn)定調(diào)節(jié)基金1032億元。

Spending on the following items will be increased in accordance with the law: rebates on the consumption tax and value-added tax and general transfer payments to local governments;agriculture, forestry, water conservancy projects, education, culture, science, the social safety net, medical and health care, legal aid, construction of low-rent housing, energy conservation, emissions reduction and environmental protection;and resolution of debts for rural compulsory education, debts of state-owned grain enterprises and other long-overdue payments.In addition, the budget deficit should be reduced by 45 billion yuan and the central budget stability and regulation fund should be increased by 103.2 billion yuan.實(shí)行從緊的貨幣政策，主要是考慮當(dāng)前固定資產(chǎn)投資反彈壓力較大，貨幣信貸投放仍然偏多，流動(dòng)性過剩矛盾尚未緩解，價(jià)格上漲壓力明顯，需要加強(qiáng)金融調(diào)控，控制貨幣供應(yīng)量和信貸過快增長(zhǎng)。

The decision to follow a tight monetary policy was based on the following considerations: the strong possibility of a resurgence in fixed asset investment, continued excessive supplies of money and credit, the still-unsolved problem of excess liquidity, and considerable inflationary pressure.For these reasons, we must improve financial regulation to control the excessively rapid growth in the supplies of money and credit.一要綜合運(yùn)用公開市場(chǎng)操作、存款準(zhǔn)備金率等方式，加大對(duì)沖流動(dòng)性力度；合理發(fā)揮利率杠桿調(diào)節(jié)作用；完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制，增強(qiáng)匯率彈性。

First, we will step up efforts to curb excess liquidity by using a combination of open market operations and the required deposit reserve ratio.We will make appropriate use of the lever of interest rates.We will improve the RMB exchange rate regime to make the exchange rate more flexible.二要著力優(yōu)化信貸結(jié)構(gòu)，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行貸款條件，有保有壓。控制中長(zhǎng)期貸款增長(zhǎng)，特別是對(duì)高耗能、高排放企業(yè)和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)的貸款；創(chuàng)新和改進(jìn)銀行信貸服務(wù)，完善擔(dān)保、貼息等制度，加大對(duì)“三農(nóng)”、服務(wù)業(yè)、中小企業(yè)、自主創(chuàng)新、節(jié)能環(huán)保、區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展等方面的貸款支持。

Second, with the focus on improving the credit structure, we will strictly follow requirements for granting loans and guarantee some loans while restricting others.We will limit the increase in long-and medium-term loans, particularly to enterprises that are energy intensive or highly polluting and enterprises in industries with excess production capacity.We will make innovations and improvements in bank credit services, improve the systems of guarantees and interest discounts, and increase credit support for agriculture, rural areas, farmers, service industries, small and medium-sized enterprises, independent innovation, energy conservation, environmental protection, and balancing regional development.三要深化外匯管理體制改革。完善結(jié)售匯制度，加強(qiáng)跨境資本流動(dòng)監(jiān)管，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)資本項(xiàng)目可兌換。拓展外匯儲(chǔ)備使用渠道和方式。同時(shí)，采取綜合措施，努力改善國際收支狀況。

Third, we will deepen reform of the foreign exchange administration system.We will improve the system for foreign exchange settlements and sales and payments in foreign exchange, tighten oversight on the flow of capital across borders, and move steadily toward making the RMB convertible for capital accounts.We will develop new channels and means for using foreign exchange reserves.Comprehensive measures will be adopted to improve the balance of payments.防止價(jià)格總水平過快上漲，是今年宏觀調(diào)控的重大任務(wù)。必須從增加有效供給和抑制不合理需求兩方面采取有力措施。

One major task for macroeconomic regulation this year is to prevent the overall price level from rising rapidly.To fulfill this task, we must take powerful measures to increase effective supply while curbing excessive demand.一要大力發(fā)展生產(chǎn)，特別要加強(qiáng)糧食、食用植物油、肉類等基本生活必需品和其他緊缺商品生產(chǎn)，認(rèn)真落實(shí)支持發(fā)展生產(chǎn)的政策措施，搞好產(chǎn)運(yùn)銷銜接。

First, we must expand production, especially the production of the basic necessities of life such as grain, vegetable oil and meat as well as other commodities in short supply.We must also earnestly implement policies and measures designed to support production and ensure coordination in the production, transport and sale of products.二要嚴(yán)格控制工業(yè)用糧和糧食出口。堅(jiān)決制止玉米深加工能力盲目擴(kuò)張，違規(guī)在建項(xiàng)目必須停建。

Second, we must strictly control industrial use of grain and grain exports.The reckless expansion of the capacity for intensive corn processing and construction work on such projects that violate regulations must be stopped.三要加快健全儲(chǔ)備體系，改進(jìn)和完善儲(chǔ)備調(diào)節(jié)和進(jìn)出口調(diào)節(jié)方式，適當(dāng)增加國內(nèi)緊缺重要消費(fèi)品進(jìn)口。

Third, we need to speed up improvement of the reserve system, improve methods for adjusting reserves and import and export volumes, and appropriately increase imports of major consumer goods that are in short supply on the domestic market.四要把握好政府調(diào)價(jià)的時(shí)機(jī)和力度，必須調(diào)整的資源性產(chǎn)品價(jià)格和公共服務(wù)收費(fèi)也要從嚴(yán)控制，防止出現(xiàn)輪番漲價(jià)。

Fourth, we need to ensure that the timing and the size of government adjustments to prices are appropriate, and necessary adjustment of prices of resource products and public services should also be strictly controlled to prevent waves of price increases.五要健全大宗農(nóng)產(chǎn)品、初級(jí)產(chǎn)品供求和價(jià)格變動(dòng)的監(jiān)測(cè)預(yù)警制度，做好市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)和價(jià)格應(yīng)急預(yù)案。

Fifth, we need to improve the early-warning system to monitor supply and demand and price changes of principal agricultural products and primary products, and put in place a plan for responding to drastic changes in market supply and demand and prices.六要加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)和價(jià)格監(jiān)管，抓好教育收費(fèi)、醫(yī)藥價(jià)格、農(nóng)資價(jià)格及涉農(nóng)收費(fèi)的監(jiān)督檢查。依法打擊串通漲價(jià)、囤積居奇、哄抬物價(jià)等違法違規(guī)行為。

Sixth, we must strengthen market and price oversight and pay close attention to the oversight and inspection of prices and charges related to education, medical care, drugs, agricultural supplies, agriculture, rural areas and farmers.Illegal activities such as colluding or hoarding to drive up prices will be punished in accordance with the law.七要及時(shí)完善和落實(shí)對(duì)低收入群眾的補(bǔ)助辦法，特別要增加對(duì)生活困難群眾和家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的補(bǔ)貼，確保他們基本生活水平不因物價(jià)上漲而下降。

Seventh, we need to promptly improve and implement measures to aid the low-income sector of the population.In particular, we need to increase subsidies to poor people and students from poor families to ensure that their basic living standards do not drop because of price increases.八要遏制生產(chǎn)資料尤其是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料價(jià)格過快上漲。

Eighth, we must work to make sure that the prices of the means of production, particularly agricultural supplies, do not rise rapidly.九要堅(jiān)持實(shí)行“米袋子”省長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制和“菜籃子”市長(zhǎng)負(fù)責(zé)制。物價(jià)問題與人民生活密切相關(guān)，各級(jí)政府一定要把穩(wěn)定市場(chǎng)物價(jià)放在更加重要的位置。

Ninth, we will continue to implement the system of provincial governors assuming responsibility for the “rice bag”(grain supply)program and city mayors for the “vegetable basket”(non-staple food supply)program.Governments at all levels must give high priority to keeping prices stable because price stability has a direct bearing on the quality of people's lives.現(xiàn)在，國家糧食庫存充裕，主要工業(yè)消費(fèi)品供大于求，只要切實(shí)加強(qiáng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，認(rèn)真落實(shí)各項(xiàng)政策措施，上下共同努力，就一定能夠保證市場(chǎng)供應(yīng)和價(jià)格基本穩(wěn)定。

The country currently has an adequate stock of grain, and the supply of major manufactured consumer goods exceeds demand.We can ensure adequate supply in the market and basic price stability as long as governments at all levels work to improve their leadership, diligently implement all policies and measures, and mount a concerted effort from the highest to the lowest level.近期發(fā)生的嚴(yán)重低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害，給經(jīng)濟(jì)造成重大損失，給群眾生活帶來很大困難。要繼續(xù)做好災(zāi)后重建工作，把災(zāi)害損失減少到最低程度。要以電網(wǎng)恢復(fù)重建為重點(diǎn)抓緊修復(fù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，盡快恢復(fù)農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，加強(qiáng)煤電油運(yùn)協(xié)調(diào)工作，妥善安排受災(zāi)地區(qū)群眾生活。同時(shí)，要從這次特大自然災(zāi)害中，認(rèn)真總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。加強(qiáng)電力、交通、通信等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，提高抗災(zāi)和保障能力；加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急體系和機(jī)制建設(shè)，提高預(yù)防和處置突發(fā)事件能力；加強(qiáng)對(duì)現(xiàn)代條件下自然災(zāi)害特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律的研究，提高防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。

The recent disaster resulting from snow and ice storms caused significant losses to China's economy and made life very difficult for disaster victims.We will continue the work of repairing the damage and minimizing losses from the disaster.Affected infrastructure will be promptly repaired, with the focus on restoring power grids.Agricultural production will be resumed as soon as possible.We will closely coordinate supplies of coal, electricity, petroleum and transportation to help disaster victims get back on their feet.In addition, we will learn from this large-scale natural disaster.We must accelerate development of infrastructure, including electricity, transportation and communications, to improve its capacity to resist disasters and maintain normal operations.We must improve the systems and mechanisms for responding to disasters to increase our ability to prevent and handle emergencies.We must step up research to better understand the features and patterns of natural disasters under modern conditions and improve our ability to prevent and mitigate them.(二）加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)，促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展和農(nóng)民增收.2.Strengthening agriculture as the foundation of the economy, promoting development of agriculture and increasing farmer incomes.今年，要千方百計(jì)爭(zhēng)取農(nóng)業(yè)有個(gè)好收成，努力增加農(nóng)民收入，推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。突出抓好三件事：

We will do everything possible to ensure a good harvest this year and work to increase farmer incomes and build a new socialist countryside.We will concentrate on the following three areas: 一是大力發(fā)展糧食生產(chǎn)，保障農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供給。糧食安全，關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展全局，關(guān)系人民群眾切身利益，絲毫不能放松糧食生產(chǎn)。要切實(shí)穩(wěn)定糧食種植面積，提高單產(chǎn)水平。加大對(duì)糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)和種糧農(nóng)民的扶持力度，實(shí)施糧食戰(zhàn)略工程，加快建立糧食核心產(chǎn)區(qū)，全面提高糧食綜合生產(chǎn)能力和供給保障能力。農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)既要增加總量，又要優(yōu)化品種結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)各類重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品穩(wěn)定增長(zhǎng)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)支持生豬、奶業(yè)、油料發(fā)展的政策措施。積極發(fā)展畜牧水產(chǎn)業(yè)，扶持和促進(jìn)規(guī)模化健康養(yǎng)殖。推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)，提高農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量安全水平。

First, we will vigorously develop grain production and ensure the supply of agricultural products.Grain security has an overall bearing on economic and social development and affects the vital interests of the people, so we must always pay close attention to grain production.We must effectively keep the area sown to grain crops stable and increase the yield per unit area.We will increase support for major grain-producing areas and grain farmers, carry out the grain strategy project and speed up efforts to establish core grain-producing areas to enhance the overall grain production capacity and become more able to ensure adequate supplies.While working to increase agricultural output, we also need to improve the structure of grain varieties grown and promote a constant increase in the production of important agricultural products.We will conscientiously implement policies and measures to boost pig production, dairy farming and oilseed production.We will energetically develop animal husbandry and aquaculture and support and promote their large-scale development as well as healthy farming practices.We will promote standardization of agricultural production to improve the quality and safety of agricultural products.二是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，加快完成大種型和重點(diǎn)小型病險(xiǎn)水庫除險(xiǎn)加固任務(wù)。搞好小型農(nóng)田水利建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展節(jié)水灌溉。加大土地開發(fā)整理復(fù)墾力度，搞好中低產(chǎn)田改造，提高耕地質(zhì)量，建設(shè)一批高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村飲水、道路、電網(wǎng)、通信、文化等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展農(nóng)村公共交通，改善農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境。今年要再解決3200萬農(nóng)村人口的安全飲水問題，增加500萬農(nóng)村沼氣用戶支持建設(shè)一批大中型沼氣項(xiàng)目。

Second, we will intensify development of the agricultural infrastructure.We will speed up efforts to reinforce large and medium-sized reservoirs and dilapidated key small reservoirs.We will improve irrigated areas, build small water conservancy facilities and work hard to develop water-efficient irrigation.We will increase efforts to develop, improve and reclaim land, upgrade low-and medium-yield farmland, improve the productivity of farmland and develop farm plots that meet high standards.We will step up rural infrastructure development in drinking water supplies, roads, power grids, telecommunications and cultural facilities, vigorously develop rural public transportation systems and improve the rural living environment.We will provide safe drinking water for another 32 million rural residents and support the building of a number of large and medium-sized methane facilities to serve an additional five million rural families.三是拓寬農(nóng)民增收渠道。加快發(fā)展高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)高效生態(tài)安全農(nóng)業(yè)，支持農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化經(jīng)營(yíng)和龍頭企業(yè)發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)流通體系建設(shè)，壯大和提升農(nóng)村二三產(chǎn)業(yè)，發(fā)展鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)，增強(qiáng)縣域經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村職業(yè)教育和技能培訓(xùn)，提高農(nóng)民轉(zhuǎn)移就業(yè)能力，發(fā)展勞務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)。加大扶貧開發(fā)力度，繼續(xù)減少貧困人口.Third, we will develop more channels to increase rural incomes.We will accelerate the development of high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency, eco-friendly and safe agriculture and support the development of industrialized agricultural operations and pacesetting enterprises.We will increase efforts to build a modern marketing and retail distribution network for rural areas, strengthen and upgrade rural secondary and tertiary industries, develop township and village enterprises and strengthen county economies.We will step up vocational education and technical training in rural areas to make it easier for rural residents to find nonagricultural employment, and develop the labor economy.We will intensify poverty alleviation efforts through development and continue to reduce the number of poor people.主要措施是：

The major measures we are going to take are as follows: 一要大力增加投入。今年財(cái)政支農(nóng)投入的增量要明顯高于上年，國家固定資產(chǎn)投資用于農(nóng)村的增強(qiáng)要明顯高于上年，政府土地出讓收入用于農(nóng)村建設(shè)的增量要明顯高于上年。調(diào)整耕地占用稅的使用方向，改革城市建設(shè)維護(hù)稅使用辦法，增加農(nóng)村建設(shè)。今年中央財(cái)政安排“三農(nóng)”支出5625億元，比上年增加1307億元.First, we will greatly increase funding.This year's increases in budgetary support for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, state fixed asset investment in the countryside and the proportion of government land transfer income used for rural development will all be considerably higher than last year's increases.We will adjust the way tax revenues from the use of farmland for nonagricultural purposes are used and reform methods for using urban construction and maintenance tax receipts to increase funding for rural development.Allocations from this year's central government budget related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers total 562.5 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 130.7 billion yuan.二要強(qiáng)化和完善農(nóng)業(yè)支持政策。增加糧食直補(bǔ)，農(nóng)資綜合直補(bǔ)。擴(kuò)大良種補(bǔ)貼規(guī)模和范圍增加農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼種類，提高補(bǔ)貼標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，從今年起農(nóng)機(jī)具購置補(bǔ)貼覆蓋到所有農(nóng)業(yè)縣。根據(jù)情況提高糧食最低收購價(jià).Second, we will strengthen agricultural support policies.We will increase direct subsidies for grain producers and general direct subsidies for purchasing agricultural supplies.We will expand both the size and scope of subsidies for using superior seed varieties.We will subsidize the purchase of more kinds of agricultural machinery and tools and raise such subsidies.Starting this year, eligibility for these subsidies will be expanded to all agricultural counties.We will raise the minimum grain purchase prices based on actual conditions.三要堅(jiān)持最嚴(yán)格的耕地保護(hù)制度特別是加強(qiáng)基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)。按土地利用總體規(guī)劃從嚴(yán)審查調(diào)查各類規(guī)劃的用地規(guī)模和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行土地用途管理制度，依法嚴(yán)格管理農(nóng)村集體和個(gè)人建設(shè)用地，堅(jiān)決制止違法違規(guī)占用耕地和林地的行為.Third, we will adhere to the strictest possible system for protecting farmland, and in particular we will increase protection of basic farmland.We will carefully examine and adjust the amounts and standards for land use in all types of plans in accordance with the master plan for land use, strictly follow the system for controlling land use, rigorously manage rural land used for collective and private construction projects in accordance with the law, and resolutely put a stop to illegal appropriation of arable land and forested areas.四要完善農(nóng)業(yè)科技推廣和服務(wù)體系。加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新和成果轉(zhuǎn)化，強(qiáng)化以公益性為主的多元化農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)。加快推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化。加強(qiáng)良種、信息、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)體系建設(shè)，搞好動(dòng)物疫病和植物病蟲害防控。加大測(cè)土配方施肥規(guī)模.Fourth, we will improve the system for spreading agricultural science and technology and providing agricultural technical services.We will work harder to make innovations in agricultural science and technology and apply advances in agricultural science and technology, and improve the diverse array of mainly nonprofit agricultural technical services.We will accelerate agricultural mechanization.We will improve the systems for superior seed varieties, information, and the quality and safety of agricultural products, and for preventing and mitigating disasters, and do a good job preventing and controlling animal epidemics, plant diseases and insect pests.We will expand trial soil testing to determine appropriate fertilizer formulas.五要全面推進(jìn)農(nóng)村改革。加快農(nóng)村綜合改革步伐。采取多種有效措施，積極穩(wěn)妥地化解鄉(xiāng)村債務(wù)及中央和地方將增加財(cái)政投入，用三年左右時(shí)間基本化解農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育歷史債務(wù)。堅(jiān)持農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營(yíng)制度，穩(wěn)定和完善土地承保關(guān)系，按照依法自愿有償原則，健全土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)市場(chǎng)，有條件的地方可以發(fā)展多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。大力發(fā)展農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作組織。全面推進(jìn)集體林權(quán)制度改革.Fifth, we will carry out rural reform in all areas.We will accelerate overall rural reform.We will adopt effective measures to actively yet prudently reduce the debts of townships and villages.The central and local governments will increase budgetary funding to basically clear up overdue debts for rural compulsory education in about three years.We will adhere to the basic system for rural operations and stabilize and improve land contract relationships.We will improve the market for the compensated, voluntary transfer of land contract and management rights in accordance with the law and allow diverse forms of farming operations to develop to an appropriate scale where conditions permit.We will work hard to develop specialized farmer cooperatives.We will carry out comprehensive reform of the system of collective forest rights.(三）推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式.3.Promoting economic adjustment and changing the pattern of development.堅(jiān)持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需方針，調(diào)整投資和消費(fèi)關(guān)系，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)由主要依靠投資、出口拉動(dòng)向依靠消費(fèi)、投資、出口協(xié)調(diào)拉動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)變。關(guān)鍵是合理控制固定資產(chǎn)投資規(guī)模，著力優(yōu)化投資結(jié)構(gòu)。堅(jiān)持嚴(yán)把土地、信貸閘門和市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，特別是要加強(qiáng)和規(guī)范新開工心目管理，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行項(xiàng)目新開工條件。

We will continue to boost domestic demand, adjust the balance of investment and consumption, and promote the shift from the pattern of economic growth that relies mainly on investment and exports to one that relies on a balanced combination of consumption, investment and exports.It is essential to appropriately control the scale of fixed asset investment and improve the investment structure.We will maintain strict control over the availability of land, credit and market access, and pay particular attention to strengthening and standardizing supervision of new projects to ensure they meet all the conditions for launching.堅(jiān)決控制高耗能、高排放和產(chǎn)能過剩行業(yè)盲目投資和重復(fù)建設(shè)，提高限制發(fā)展行業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和項(xiàng)目資本金比例。違法違規(guī)建設(shè)項(xiàng)目要堅(jiān)決停建。加大對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展薄弱環(huán)節(jié)、重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域和中西部地區(qū)的支持力度。從嚴(yán)控制新增建設(shè)用地特別是工業(yè)用地，今年土地利用計(jì)劃總規(guī)模控制在去年水平。要適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)、新情況，加強(qiáng)和改進(jìn)對(duì)社會(huì)各類投資活動(dòng)的引導(dǎo)、調(diào)控和監(jiān)管.Haphazard investment and unneeded development projects in energy intensive and highly polluting industries and industries with excess production capacity will be resolutely stopped, and market access will be tightened and capital requirements will be increased for industries whose development is discouraged.Work on illegal projects will be resolutely stopped.We will increase support for weak links and key areas in economic and social development and give more support to the central and western regions.We must tighten control over the amount of land used for development projects, especially for industrial purposes, and hold the total amount of land used this year to last year's level.We must respond to new conditions and situations by improving guidance, regulation and oversight for all types of investment activities in the country.堅(jiān)持把推進(jìn)自主創(chuàng)新作為轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式的中心環(huán)節(jié)。要認(rèn)真落實(shí)國家中長(zhǎng)期科學(xué)和技術(shù)發(fā)展規(guī)劃綱要，全面啟動(dòng)和組織實(shí)施大型飛機(jī)、水體污染控制與治理、大型油氣田及煤層氣開發(fā)等國家重大專項(xiàng)。實(shí)施基礎(chǔ)研究、高技術(shù)研究和科技支撐計(jì)劃。著力突破新能源汽車、高速軌道交通、工農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水等一批重大關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。

We will promote development of the national innovation system, focusing on building a number of national laboratories, national engineering centers, and platforms to support enterprise innovation and enterprise technology centers to strengthen China's science and technology infrastructure.We will deepen reform of the management system for science and technology and coordinate and improve resource distribution.The central government will spend 113.4 billion yuan on science and technology in 2008, a year-on-year increase of 13.4 billion yuan.We will improve and implement the policy to support independent innovation, get enterprises to fully play their role as the main parties responsible for technological innovation, and encourage and guide them to increase investment in R&D.We will integrate the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes and develop innovative enterprises.Government procurement of products produced through independent innovation will be increased.Trials in the use of venture capital will be expanded.We will implement the intellectual property rights strategy.We will expand scientific and technological cooperation with other countries

推進(jìn)國家創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)，重點(diǎn)建設(shè)一批國家實(shí)驗(yàn)室、國家工程中心、面向企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新支撐平臺(tái)和企業(yè)技術(shù)中心，加強(qiáng)科技基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè)。深化科技管理體制改革，統(tǒng)籌和優(yōu)化科技資源配置。今年中央財(cái)政將安排科技支出1134億元，比上年增加134億元。完善和落實(shí)支持自主創(chuàng)新的政策，充分發(fā)揮企業(yè)作為技術(shù)創(chuàng)新主體的作用，鼓勵(lì)、引導(dǎo)企業(yè)增加研發(fā)投入。加大政府采購對(duì)自主創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品的支持力度。擴(kuò)大創(chuàng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和投資試點(diǎn)范圍。實(shí)施知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)戰(zhàn)略，加強(qiáng)國際科技合作.We will continue to promote independent innovation as the central link in efforts to change the pattern of development.We need to diligently implement the Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development and fully launch and implement key national projects, including those to develop large aircraft, control pollution in bodies of water, and develop large-scale oil and gas fields and coal seam gas operations.We will carry out plans for basic research, high-tech research, and research to provide scientific and technological support for development.We will work to make major breakthroughs in key technologies for producing vehicles powered by new energy sources, developing high-speed railway transport and saving water in industries..推進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)。堅(jiān)持走中國特色新型工業(yè)化道路，推進(jìn)信息化與工業(yè)化融合。著力發(fā)展高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)，大力振興裝備制造業(yè)，改造和提升傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)，加快發(fā)展服務(wù)業(yè)特別是現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)。繼續(xù)實(shí)施新型顯示器、寬帶通信與網(wǎng)絡(luò)、生物醫(yī)藥等一批重大高技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)專項(xiàng)。

We will promote improvement and upgrading of the industrial structure.We will keep to the new path of industrialization with Chinese characteristics and promote integration of IT application with industrialization.We will work to develop new-and high-technology industries, reinvigorate the equipment manufacturing industry, upgrade traditional industries and accelerate the development of service industries, particularly modern services.We will continue the major projects to apply high technologies in the production of new-type displays, broadband communications and network equipment, and biomedicine.充分發(fā)揮國家高新技術(shù)開發(fā)區(qū)的集聚、引領(lǐng)和輻射作用。圍繞大型清潔高效發(fā)電設(shè)備、高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床和基礎(chǔ)制造裝備等關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域，推進(jìn)重大裝備、關(guān)鍵零部件及元器件自主研發(fā)和國產(chǎn)化。加強(qiáng)地質(zhì)工作，提高資源勘查開發(fā)水平。積極發(fā)展現(xiàn)代能源原材料產(chǎn)業(yè)和綜合運(yùn)輸體系.We will get national new and high technology development zones to fully play their role in pooling resources, guiding development and boosting development in surrounding areas.We will promote domestic R&D and production of important equipment and key spare parts and components, with the focus on key areas such as large clean and highly efficient power generating units, high-grade digital machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment.We will give higher priority to geological work to improve prospecting for and exploitation of natural resources.We will strongly develop the modern energy and raw materials industries and better integrate the transportation system.促進(jìn)區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。深入推進(jìn)西部大開發(fā)，建工建設(shè)一批重點(diǎn)工程，支持重點(diǎn)地區(qū)優(yōu)化開發(fā)。繼續(xù)搞好天然林保護(hù)、防沙治沙、石漠化治理落實(shí)退耕還林后續(xù)政策。組織實(shí)施東北地區(qū)振興規(guī)劃，支持先進(jìn)裝備制造業(yè)發(fā)展和資源枯竭型地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。編制和實(shí)施促進(jìn)中西部崛起計(jì)劃，落實(shí)并完善相關(guān)政策。鼓勵(lì)東部地步率先發(fā)展，著力提升國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。進(jìn)一步加大對(duì)革命老區(qū)、民族地區(qū)、邊疆地區(qū)、貧困地區(qū)發(fā)展的扶持力度。制定并實(shí)施主體功能區(qū)規(guī)劃和政策.We will promote balanced development among regions.We will extensively promote the large-scale development of the western region, and launch a number of key projects and support the development of key areas on a priority basis.We will continue to protect natural forests, prevent and control desertification, and reverse and prevent the development of stony deserts, and will implement a follow-up policy to consolidate progress made in converting retired farmland to forests.We will implement the plan to reinvigorate northeast China, and support the development of advanced equipment manufacturing and modern agriculture and the economic transformation of areas depending on resources that are now exhausted.We will formulate and implement a plan to boost development of the central region and implement and improve relevant policies.We will encourage the eastern region to lead the country in development and improve its international competitiveness.We will give more support to old revolutionary areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and poor areas to help them develop.We will adopt and implement a plan and policy for development priority zones.(四）加大節(jié)能減排和環(huán)境保護(hù)力度，做好產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全工作.4.Increasing efforts to conserve energy, reduce emissions and protect the environment, and ensuring product quality and safety.今年是完成“十一五”節(jié)能減排約束性目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵一年，務(wù)必增強(qiáng)緊迫感，加大攻堅(jiān)力度，力求取得更大成效。

This year is crucial for meeting the obligatory targets for energy conservation and emissions reduction set forth in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, and we must increase our sense of urgency and intensify efforts to make greater progress.一是落實(shí)電力、鋼鐵、水泥、煤炭、造紙等行業(yè)淘汰落后生產(chǎn)能力計(jì)劃。建立淘汰落后產(chǎn)能退出機(jī)制，完善和落實(shí)關(guān)閉企業(yè)的配套政策措施。同時(shí)，按照規(guī)劃加強(qiáng)這些行業(yè)先進(jìn)生產(chǎn)能力的建設(shè).First, we will implement the plan to close down backward production facilities in the electricity, steel, cement, coal and papermaking industries.We will also put in place a mechanism for closing down these facilities and improve and implement support policies and measures for shutting down enterprises.In addition, we will step up efforts to develop advanced production facilities in these industries in accordance with the plan.二是抓好重點(diǎn)企業(yè)節(jié)能和重點(diǎn)工程建設(shè)。加快十大重點(diǎn)節(jié)能工程實(shí)施進(jìn)度。提高城鎮(zhèn)污水處理能力，力爭(zhēng)用兩年的時(shí)間在36個(gè)大城市率先實(shí)現(xiàn)污水的全部收集和處理。適當(dāng)提高排污費(fèi)、污水處理費(fèi)和垃圾處理費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。完善和嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行建筑標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，大力推進(jìn)墻體材料革新和建筑節(jié)能。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)供熱體制和市政公用事業(yè)改革.Second, we will focus on energy conservation in key enterprises and construction of key projects.We need to accelerate work on the ten major energy conservation projects.We will increase the urban sewage treatment capacity and strive to reach the goal of 100% collection and treatment of sewage in 36 large cities within two years.Charges for discharging wastewater and for sewage treatment and garbage disposal will be appropriately raised.Building standards will be upgraded and strictly enforced to encourage the development of better wall materials and construction of energy-efficient buildings.We will make steady progress in reforming the urban heating system and public utilities.三是開放和推廣節(jié)約、替代、循環(huán)利用資源和治理污染的先進(jìn)技術(shù)，實(shí)施節(jié)能減排重大技術(shù)和示范工程。大力發(fā)展節(jié)能服務(wù)產(chǎn)業(yè)和環(huán)保業(yè)。開發(fā)風(fēng)能、太陽能等清潔、可再生能源.Third, we will develop and apply advanced and appropriate technologies to save, replace and reuse resources and control pollution, and carry out projects to develop and demonstrate major energy conservation and emissions reduction technologies.We will energetically develop the energy conservation service industry and the environmental protection industry.We will develop clean and renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar energy.四是做好“三河三湖”、南水北調(diào)稅源及沿線、三峽庫區(qū)和松花江等重點(diǎn)流域污染防治工作，實(shí)施渤海環(huán)境保護(hù)總體規(guī)劃。提高重點(diǎn)流域水污染無的國家排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn).Fourth, we will prevent and control pollution in key river valleys and regions, including the Huai, Hai, Liao and Songhua rivers, Tai, Chao and Dianchi lakes, the sources and routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project, and the Three Gorges Reservoir area.We will implement the master plan for protecting the environment of the Bohai Sea.National standards will have stricter limits for discharge of pollutants in key river valleys.五是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村飲用水水源地保護(hù)，推進(jìn)農(nóng)村生活污染治理，嚴(yán)格控制農(nóng)村地區(qū)工業(yè)污染，加強(qiáng)畜禽、水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖污染治理，控制農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染.Fifth, we will intensify protection of rural drinking water sources, and work to control sewage and garbage pollution and industrial pollution in rural areas.We will also strengthen control of pollution from livestock and poultry farming and aquaculture as well as agricultural nonpoint source pollution.六是鼓勵(lì)和支持發(fā)展循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)，促進(jìn)再生資源回收利用。全面推行清潔生產(chǎn).Sixth, we will encourage and support the development of a circular economy and promote recycling and reuse of renewable resources.We will also promote cleaner production in all industries.七是加強(qiáng)土地、水、草原、森林、礦產(chǎn)等資源的保護(hù)和節(jié)約集約利用，嚴(yán)厲查處亂采濫挖礦產(chǎn)資源等違法違規(guī)行為。搞好海洋資源保護(hù)和合理利用，發(fā)展海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)。加強(qiáng)氣象、地震、測(cè)繪基礎(chǔ)研究和能力建設(shè).Seventh, we will strengthen efforts to protect, conserve and intensively use natural resources, including land, water, grasslands, forests and minerals, and take stern measures to combat illegal mining of mineral resources.We will effectively protect marine resources, use them wisely, and develop the marine economy.We will intensify China's basic research efforts in meteorology, earthquake science, and surveying and mapping to strengthen these areas.八是實(shí)施應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化國家方案，加強(qiáng)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化能力建設(shè).Eighth, we will implement the national plan to respond to climate change to strengthen China's ability to respond to climate change.九是完善能源資源節(jié)約和環(huán)境保護(hù)獎(jiǎng)懲機(jī)制。執(zhí)行節(jié)能減排統(tǒng)計(jì)監(jiān)測(cè)制度，健全審計(jì)、監(jiān)察體系、加強(qiáng)執(zhí)法力度，強(qiáng)化節(jié)能減排工作責(zé)任制.Ninth, we will improve the mechanism for rewarding those who conserve energy and resources and protect the environment and punishing those who waste energy and resources and harm the environment.We will also employ statistical and monitoring systems for conserving energy and reducing emissions, and improve the auditing and supervision systems, increase law enforcement efforts, and tighten the accountability system for energy conservation and emissions reduction.十是增強(qiáng)全社會(huì)生態(tài)文明觀念，動(dòng)員全體人民更加積極投身于資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型、社會(huì)建設(shè)。節(jié)約資源和環(huán)境保護(hù)要一代一代人持之以恒地進(jìn)行下去，讓我們的祖國山更綠，水更清，天更藍(lán).Tenth, we will enhance public awareness of the importance of a culture of conservation and encourage the entire nation to participate in building a resource-conserving and environmentally friendly society.Resource conservation and environmental protection must continue from generation to generation to make our mountains greener, waters cleaner and skies bluer.加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全工作。

We will intensify efforts to ensure product quality and safety.一是加快產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制定和修訂。今年要完成7700多項(xiàng)食品、藥品和其他消費(fèi)品安全國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定修改工作，健全食品、藥品和其他消費(fèi)品安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系；食品、消費(fèi)品安全性能要求及其檢測(cè)方法標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，都要采用國際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。出口產(chǎn)品除符合國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外，還要符合進(jìn)口國標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和技術(shù)法規(guī)的要求。

First, we will accelerate efforts to formulate or update national standards for product quality and safety.This year, we will complete the formulation or updating of more than 7,700 national standards for the safety of food products, drugs and other consumer goods to put in place a sound system of standards for product safety.All requirements and testing methods for the safety and quality of food and other consumer goods will comply with international standards.China's exports will meet both international standards and the laws and regulations on technical standards of the importing countries.二是完善產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全法制保障。加快制定修訂涉及產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全的法規(guī)，完善行政執(zhí)法與刑事司法緊密銜接的機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)對(duì)違法違規(guī)企業(yè)的懲處力度。

Second, we will improve legal guarantees for product quality and safety.We need to promptly enact or revise laws and regulations pertaining to product quality and safety, and improve the mechanism for effectively coordinating administrative law enforcement and criminal justice to increase punishment for enterprises that violate such laws and regulations.三是健全產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管體系。嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行生產(chǎn)許可、強(qiáng)制認(rèn)證、注冊(cè)備案制度，嚴(yán)把市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入關(guān)。提高涉及人身健康和安全產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)許可條件和市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入門檻。加強(qiáng)食品、藥品等重點(diǎn)監(jiān)管工作，嚴(yán)把進(jìn)出口商量質(zhì)量關(guān)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全責(zé)任制。我們一定要讓人民群眾吃得放心、用得安心，讓出口產(chǎn)品享有良好信譽(yù).Third, we will improve the oversight and control systems for product quality and safety.We will follow to the letter the regulations for issuing production permits and mandatory certificates and for registration and record keeping to strictly control market access.We will raise the requirements for production permits and tighten market access for products related to people's health and safety.We need to strengthen quality and safety oversight for essential products such as food and drugs, and strictly control the quality of exports and imports.We will diligently follow the accountability system for product quality and safety.It is imperative that the people feel confident about the safety of food and other consumer goods and that our exports have a good reputation.(五）深化經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革，提高對(duì)外開放水平.5.Deepening economic reform and opening wider to the outside world.今年是改革開放30周年，改革開放使中國發(fā)生了歷史性的巨大變化。我們?nèi)蕴幱诓㈤L(zhǎng)期處于社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段，進(jìn)一步解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力，進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義，實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)和國家現(xiàn)代化的宏偉目標(biāo)，必須繼續(xù)堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)改革開放。今年著重抓好以下幾個(gè)方面: It has been 30 years since China introduced the reform and opening up policy, which has brought about great historic changes to the country.However, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and will remain so for a long time to come.To further promote unfettered development of the productive forces, promote greater social fairness and justice, and attain the magnificent goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and modernizing China, we must continue to unswervingly implement the reform and opening up policy.We will concentrate on the following areas this year.推進(jìn)國有企業(yè)改革，完善所有制結(jié)構(gòu)。繼續(xù)推動(dòng)國有資本調(diào)整和國有企業(yè)重組。深化國有企業(yè)公司制股份制改革。完善公司法人治理結(jié)構(gòu)。做好政策性關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)和主輔分離、輔業(yè)改制工作。擴(kuò)大國有資本經(jīng)營(yíng)預(yù)算制度試點(diǎn)。深化壟斷行業(yè)改革，引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)政府監(jiān)管和社會(huì)監(jiān)督。

We need to strictly standardize procedures for transforming SOEs into stock companies and for transferring ownership of state-owned assets to prevent their erosion.We will protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers.We will advance the reform of collectively owned enterprises and develop diverse forms of collective and cooperative economic operations.We will conscientiously implement the policies for encouraging, supporting and guiding the development of individual-proprietorship businesses and private companies in the nonpublic sector of the economy.In particular, we will help them solve problems related to market access and financial support.嚴(yán)格規(guī)范國有企業(yè)改制和國有產(chǎn)權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓，防止國有資產(chǎn)流失，保障職工合法權(quán)益。推進(jìn)集體企業(yè)改革，發(fā)展多種形式的集體經(jīng)濟(jì)、合作經(jīng)濟(jì)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)鼓勵(lì)、支持和引導(dǎo)個(gè)體私營(yíng)等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的各項(xiàng)政策，尤其要解決市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入和融資支持等方面的問題.We will advance the reform of SOEs and improve their ownership structure.We will continue to adjust state-owned assets and reorganize SOEs.We need to deepen the reform to convert SOEs into stockholding corporations.We will improve corporate governance, carry out policy-mandated closures and bankruptcies, separate SOEs' secondary businesses from their core businesses, and convert the former into independent companies.We will expand the experiment of setting up a budget system for managing state capital.We will deepen the reform of monopoly industries by introducing competition and strengthening government regulation and public oversight of them.深化財(cái)稅體制改革，加快公共財(cái)政體系建設(shè)。改革預(yù)算制度，強(qiáng)化預(yù)算管理和監(jiān)督。完善財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度，提高一般性轉(zhuǎn)移支付規(guī)模和比例。積極推進(jìn)省以下財(cái)政體制改革。全面實(shí)施新的企業(yè)所得稅法。改革資源稅費(fèi)制度，完善資源的有償使用制度和生態(tài)環(huán)境的補(bǔ)償機(jī)制。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)增值稅轉(zhuǎn)型改革試點(diǎn)，研究制定在全國范圍內(nèi)實(shí)施方案.We will deepen reform of the fiscal and taxation systems and accelerate improvement in the public finance system.We will reform the budget system and tighten budgetary management and oversight.We need to improve and standardize the system of transfer payments, raise the volume and proportion of general transfer payments and increase spending on public services.We will energetically push ahead with the reform of fiscal systems at and below the provincial level.The new Law on Corporate Income Tax will be comprehensively enforced.We will reform the system of resource taxes and fees, and improve the compensation systems for use of resources and for damage caused to the ecosystem.We will carry forward the trial VAT reform and formulate a plan to carry out the reform nationwide.加快金融體制改革，加強(qiáng)金融監(jiān)管。繼續(xù)深化銀行業(yè)改革，重點(diǎn)推進(jìn)中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行股份制改革和國家開發(fā)銀行改革。建立存款保險(xiǎn)制度。加快農(nóng)村金融改革，強(qiáng)化中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行、中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展銀行和中國郵政儲(chǔ)蓄銀行為“三農(nóng)”服務(wù)的功能，繼續(xù)深化農(nóng)村信用社改革，積極推進(jìn)新型的農(nóng)村金融機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展。

We will speed up reform of the financial system and strengthen financial oversight.We will continue deepening reform of the banking industry, focusing on the introduction of a shareholding system in the Agriculture Bank of China and the reform of the China Development Bank.A deposit insurance system will be set up.We will accelerate rural financial reform and strengthen the role of the Agriculture Bank of China, the Agricultural Development Bank of China and the China Postal Savings Bank in serving agriculture, rural areas and farmers.We will continue to deepen the reform of rural credit cooperatives and actively promote the development of new types of financial institutions in rural areas.優(yōu)化資本市場(chǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)，促進(jìn)股票市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展，著力提高上市公司質(zhì)量，維護(hù)公開公平公正的市場(chǎng)秩序，建立創(chuàng)業(yè)板市場(chǎng)，加快發(fā)展債券市場(chǎng)，穩(wěn)步發(fā)展期貨市場(chǎng)深化保險(xiǎn)業(yè)改革，積極擴(kuò)大農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的范圍，做好政策性農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)工作。依法嚴(yán)厲查處各種金融違法違規(guī)行為。切實(shí)防范和化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，維護(hù)金融穩(wěn)定和安全.We will improve the structure of the capital market, promote steady and sound development of the stock markets, strive to improve the performance of listed companies, and maintain an open, fair and equitable market environment.We will establish a market for growth enterprises, accelerate development of the bond market and steadily develop the futures market.We will deepen reform of the insurance industry, vigorously extend the scope of agricultural insurance, and successfully carry out trials of policy-supported agricultural insurance.We will take stern measures to combat violations of financial laws and regulations and guard against and defuse financial risks to maintain financial stability and security.拓展對(duì)外開放廣度和深度，提高開放型經(jīng)濟(jì)水平。在保持出口平穩(wěn)增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí)，加快轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)發(fā)展方式，優(yōu)化出口結(jié)構(gòu)，鼓勵(lì)自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和自主品牌的產(chǎn)品出口，提高出口產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、檔次和附加值。擴(kuò)大服務(wù)出口，發(fā)展服務(wù)外包。積極擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口，重點(diǎn)增加先進(jìn)技術(shù)裝備、重要原材料和關(guān)鍵零部件及元器件的進(jìn)口。

We will expand the breadth and depth of China's openness and make its economy more open.We will accelerate change in the pattern of foreign trade growth, improve the mix of exports, encourage the export of products with Chinese intellectual property rights and trademarks, and raise the quality, grade and added value of exports while maintaining steady export growth.We need to increase export of services and encourage foreign businesses to outsource services to China.We will energetically increase imports, with the focus on advanced technology and equipment, important raw materials, and key spare parts and components.優(yōu)化利用外資產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和地區(qū)布局，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)的對(duì)外開放。限制和禁止高耗能、高排放和部分資源性外資項(xiàng)目，切實(shí)糾正招商引資中違法違規(guī)的做法。創(chuàng)新對(duì)外投資和合作的方式，完善和落實(shí)支持企業(yè)“走出去”的政策措施。加強(qiáng)多雙邊和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)合作。繼續(xù)推進(jìn)自由貿(mào)易區(qū)的，認(rèn)真實(shí)施已簽署的協(xié)定。維護(hù)公平的國際貿(mào)易秩序.We will improve the mix of industries using foreign investment and their geographic distribution, and steadily make service industries more open.We will limit or ban foreign investment in projects that are energy intensive or highly polluting, limit or ban foreign investment in some areas of resource exploitation, and correct illegal practices for attracting foreign investment.We will make innovations in the way we make investments and engage in cooperation overseas, and improve and implement policies and measures to support Chinese enterprises wishing to “go global.” We will strengthen bilateral, multilateral and regional economic cooperation.We will continue to promote talks on free trade zones and honor the treaties we have signed.We are committed to an equitable international trade order.在推進(jìn)改革開放中，要加快現(xiàn)代市場(chǎng)的體系建設(shè)，大力發(fā)展現(xiàn)代流通，深入整頓和規(guī)范市場(chǎng)秩序，推進(jìn)社會(huì)信用制度建設(shè)。

In carrying out reform and opening up, we will accelerate the development of a modern market system, energetically develop modern logistics, intensify efforts to ensure orderly markets and promote the development of a credit system for individuals.（六）更加注重社會(huì)建設(shè)，著力保障和改善民生.6.Paying closer attention to social development to ensure the wellbeing of the people and improve their lives.堅(jiān)持優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育。

We will continue to give priority to developing education.一是在全國城鄉(xiāng)普遍實(shí)行免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育。繼續(xù)增加農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育公用經(jīng)費(fèi)，提高保障水平。適當(dāng)提高農(nóng)村家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難寄宿生生活補(bǔ)助費(fèi)的補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。認(rèn)真落實(shí)保障經(jīng)濟(jì)困難家庭、進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員子女平等接受義務(wù)教育的措施。在試點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)上，從今年秋季起全面免除城市義務(wù)教育學(xué)雜費(fèi)，這是推動(dòng)義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展、促進(jìn)教育公平的又一重大舉措。

First, we will make free compulsory education universally available in both urban and rural areas.We will continue increasing regular expenditures for rural compulsory education and raise the level of budgetary allocations.We will appropriately increase living allowances for poor rural students residing on campus.We will take steps to ensure that children from poor families and children of rural migrant workers in cities enjoy the same access to compulsory education as others.After running trials in selected areas, we will completely stop collecting tuition and miscellaneous fees from all urban students receiving compulsory education starting this fall.This is another major measure for promoting balanced development of compulsory education and equal access to education.二是大力發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)職業(yè)教育基礎(chǔ)能力建設(shè)，深化職業(yè)教育管理、辦學(xué)、投入等體制改革，培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)技能型人才。

Second, we must vigorously develop vocational education.We will strengthen the basic conditions for vocational education and deepen reform of the systems for administering, running and investing in vocational education programs in order to turn out high-quality skilled personnel.三是提高高等教育質(zhì)量。優(yōu)化學(xué)科專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，推進(jìn)高水平大學(xué)和重點(diǎn)學(xué)科建設(shè)。普通高校招生增量繼續(xù)向中西部地區(qū)傾斜.Third, we must raise the quality of higher education.We will improve the structure of academic disciplines and develop high-quality universities and key disciplines.Regular institutions of higher learning will continue to favor students in the central and western regions in expanding their enrollments.辦好各級(jí)各類教育，必須抓好三項(xiàng)工作：

To successfully provide education of various kinds and at different levels, we must focus on the following three tasks.一要全面實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育，推進(jìn)教育改革創(chuàng)新。深化教學(xué)內(nèi)容和方式、考試和招生制度、質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)制度等改革。切實(shí)減輕中小學(xué)生的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。

One, we must ensure that all students receive a well-rounded education, and promote educational reforms and innovations.We will deepen the reform of curricula, methods of instruction, the systems of examination and enrollment, and the system for evaluating educational quality, and lighten the study load of primary and secondary school students.二要加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍特別是農(nóng)村教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)，完善和落實(shí)教師工資、津補(bǔ)貼制度。

Two, we must improve the quality of teachers, especially in rural areas, and improve and implement the system of wages, allowances and subsidies for teachers.三要加大教育事業(yè)投入。今年中央財(cái)政用于教育的投入，將由去年的1076億元增加到1562億元；地方財(cái)政也都要增加投入。進(jìn)一步規(guī)范教育收費(fèi)。鼓勵(lì)和規(guī)范民辦教育發(fā)展。沒有全民教育的普及和提高，便沒有國家現(xiàn)代化的未來。要讓孩子們上好學(xué)，辦好人民滿意的教育，提高全民族的素質(zhì).Three, we must increase investment in education.This year, central government allocation for education will increase from last year's total of 107.6 billion yuan to 156.2 billion yuan, and local governments will also increase their spending.We will further standardize the collection of education-related fees.We will standardize nonpublic education programs and encourage their development.China cannot modernize if education is not made universally available and if its quality is not improved.We must ensure that our children receive a good education, provide education that satisfies the needs of the people and improve the overall quality of the population.推進(jìn)衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展。重點(diǎn)抓好四件事：

We will promote the reform and development of health care.Efforts will be focused on four areas: 一是加快推進(jìn)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的醫(yī)療保障制度建設(shè)。擴(kuò)大城鎮(zhèn)職工基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面；城鎮(zhèn)居民基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)要擴(kuò)大到全國50%以上的城市；在全國農(nóng)村全面推行新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，用兩年時(shí)間將籌資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由每人每年50元提高到100元，其中中央和地方財(cái)政對(duì)參合農(nóng)民補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由40元提高到80元。健全城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療救助制度。

First, we will accelerate the establishment of a system to ensure access to medical care for both urban and rural residents.We will expand the number of urban workers covered by basic medical insurance, and extend the trial of basic medical insurance for urban residents to over 50% of China's cities.We will fully implement the new type of rural cooperative medical care system in all rural areas.Within two years, we will raise the standard for financing from 50 yuan to 100 yuan per person per year, with central and local government contributions to be raised from 40 yuan to 80 yuan per person.We will improve the urban and rural assistance program for medical care.二是完善公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。抓好重大疾病防治，落實(shí)擴(kuò)大國家傳染病免疫規(guī)劃范圍的政策措施，加大對(duì)艾滋病、結(jié)核病、血吸蟲病等疾病患者的免費(fèi)治療力度。加強(qiáng)地方病、職業(yè)病、精神病防治。做好婦幼保健工作。在中西部地區(qū)農(nóng)村實(shí)行住院分娩補(bǔ)助政策。健全公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)經(jīng)費(fèi)保障機(jī)制。

Second, we will improve the public health service system.We will prevent and treat major diseases, implement policies and measures to increase the number of diseases covered in the state plan for immunization against communicable diseases, and provide free treatment for more people suffering from diseases such as AIDS, tuberculosis and schistosomiasis.We need to work harder to prevent and treat endemic, occupational and mental diseases.We must do a good job in work related to the health of women and children.We will implement a policy of granting allowances to rural women in the central and western regions giving birth in hospitals.We will improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for public health services.三是推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系建設(shè)。重點(diǎn)健全農(nóng)村三級(jí)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)和城市社區(qū)醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系。加大全科醫(yī)護(hù)人員和鄉(xiāng)村醫(yī)生培養(yǎng)的力度，鼓勵(lì)高素質(zhì)人才到基層服務(wù)。開展公立醫(yī)院改革試點(diǎn)。制定和實(shí)施扶持中醫(yī)藥和民族醫(yī)藥事業(yè)發(fā)展的措施。

Third, we will continue development of the medical service systems for urban and rural areas.We will focus on improving the county, township, village three-tier rural health service network and the urban community-based medical and health service system.We will train more general practitioners, nurses and rural doctors and encourage high-caliber health workers to work in village and community clinics.Trial reform of public hospitals will be carried out.Measures will be formulated and implemented to support the development of traditional Chinese medicine and the folk medicines of ethnic minorities.四是建立國家基本藥物制度和藥品供應(yīng)保障體系，保證群眾基本用藥和用藥安全，農(nóng)村藥品價(jià)格上漲。今年中央財(cái)政將安排823億元，比上年增加165億元，支持衛(wèi)生事業(yè)改革和發(fā)展，重點(diǎn)向農(nóng)村和基層傾斜.Fourth, we will set up a national system for basic drugs and a system for ensuring drug supply to ensure the quality and adequate supply of basic drugs and hold down prices.This year the central government will allocate 83.2 billion yuan to support the reform and development of health care, an increase of 16.7 billion yuan over last year, with the focus of spending on facilities at the urban community and village level.去年以來，國務(wù)院組織力量研究深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革問題，已經(jīng)制定一個(gè)初步方案，將向社會(huì)公開征求意見。改革的基本目標(biāo)是：堅(jiān)持公共醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生的公益性質(zhì)，建立基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度，為群眾提供安全、有效、方便、價(jià)廉的基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)。我們要堅(jiān)定地推進(jìn)這項(xiàng)改革，讓人人享有基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù).Last year the State Council commissioned a study of the issue of how to deepen reform of the system of pharmaceuticals and health care.A preliminary plan has been produced and will soon be publicized to solicit opinions from the general public.The basic goal of the reform is to maintain the public service nature of public medical and health care services and set up a basic medical and health care system to provide people with basic medical and health care services that are safe, effective, convenient and affordable.We must resolutely carry out this reform to provide everyone with access to basic medical and health services and improve their health.加強(qiáng)人口和計(jì)劃生育工作。穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)行生育政策和低生育水平，提高出生人口素質(zhì)，綜合治理出生人口性別比偏高問題。全面實(shí)施計(jì)劃生育家庭特別扶助制度，擴(kuò)大實(shí)施農(nóng)村計(jì)劃生育家庭獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)制度和少生快富工程范圍，提高獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)扶助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口計(jì)劃生育服務(wù)管理.We will improve work related to population and family planning.We will adhere to the current policy of family planning, keep the birthrate low, improve the health of newborns and adopt a full range of measures to address the gender imbalance in babies.We will fully implement the special assistance system for families that comply with family planning regulations, extend the coverage of the reward system for rural families that comply with the regulations, implement the “l(fā)ower birthrate equals faster prosperity” project in more areas, and raise the level of rewards and assistance.We will improve services for the floating population and tighten supervision of them to ensure that they comply with the family planning policy.重視發(fā)展老齡事業(yè)，切實(shí)保障婦女和未成年人權(quán)益，關(guān)心和支持殘疾人事業(yè).We will attach great importance to programs for the elderly, effectively protect the rights and interests of women and minors, and show concern for people with physical and mental disabilities and support programs benefiting them.努力擴(kuò)大就業(yè)。認(rèn)真貫徹執(zhí)行就業(yè)促進(jìn)法和勞動(dòng)合同法。堅(jiān)持實(shí)施積極的就業(yè)政策，落實(shí)以創(chuàng)業(yè)帶動(dòng)就業(yè)的方針，加強(qiáng)就業(yè)和創(chuàng)業(yè)培訓(xùn)，鼓勵(lì)自謀職業(yè)和自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，支持創(chuàng)辦小型企業(yè)。加快建設(shè)城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一規(guī)范的人力資源市場(chǎng)，完善公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系，促進(jìn)形成城鄉(xiāng)勞動(dòng)者平等就業(yè)制度。

We will strive to expand employment.We will strictly enforce the Employment Promotion Law and the Labor Contract Law.We will continue to follow a vigorous employment policy, adhere to the principle of expanding employment by encouraging business startups, strengthen job training and training in how to start a business, encourage people to find jobs on their own or start their own businesses, and support the establishment of small enterprises.We will speed up development of a human resources market with uniform standards for both urban and rural areas, improve the public employment service system, and promote the creation of an employment system that treats urban and rural workers equally.加強(qiáng)高校畢業(yè)生就業(yè)指導(dǎo)和服務(wù)。深化退役軍人安置制度改革。完善就業(yè)援助制度，落實(shí)促進(jìn)殘疾人就業(yè)政策，建立幫助零就業(yè)家庭解決就業(yè)困難的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制。督促各類企業(yè)同勞動(dòng)者依法簽訂并履行勞動(dòng)合同。加強(qiáng)勞動(dòng)爭(zhēng)議處理和勞動(dòng)保障監(jiān)察，嚴(yán)厲打擊各種非法用工行為。在世界上人口最多的國家解決就業(yè)問題，是一項(xiàng)極為艱巨的任務(wù)。我們要用百倍的努力，把這項(xiàng)關(guān)系民生之本的大事做好.We will strengthen job placement guidance and services for college graduates.We will deepen reform of the job-placement system for people leaving military service.We will improve the aid system for job seekers, carry out policies to find more jobs for people with physical and mental disabilities, and create a permanent mechanism to help zero-employment families find jobs.We will urge all types of enterprises to sign labor contracts with their employees in accordance with the law and abide by them.We will improve the handling of labor disputes and oversight for worker protection measures and severely punish illegal employment practices.Providing adequate employment opportunities in China, which has the largest population in the world, is a daunting challenge.We must redouble our efforts to increase employment, a matter that is crucial to people's well being.增加城鄉(xiāng)居民收入。關(guān)鍵要調(diào)整國民收入分配格局，深化收入分配制度改革，逐步提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動(dòng)報(bào)酬在初次分配中的比重。

We will increase urban and rural incomes.The key is to adjust the distribution of the national income, deepen reform of the income distribution system, gradually raise the proportion of the national income received by individuals and raise labor's of the primary distribution of income.一是多渠道增加農(nóng)民收入，確保農(nóng)民工工資按時(shí)足額發(fā)放，適當(dāng)提高扶貧的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

First, we will increase rural incomes through a variety of channels, ensure that rural migrant workers in cities get paid in full and on time, and appropriately increase allowances for the poor population.二是提高企業(yè)職工工資的水平，建立企業(yè)職工工資正常增長(zhǎng)和支付保障機(jī)制。推動(dòng)企業(yè)建立工資集體協(xié)商制度，完善工資指導(dǎo)線制度，健全并落實(shí)最低工資制度。改革國有企業(yè)工資總額管理辦法，加強(qiáng)對(duì)壟斷行業(yè)企業(yè)工資監(jiān)管。

Second, we will raise the wage scale for enterprise employees and create a mechanism to ensure they get regular wage increases and ensure that they are paid regularly.We will urge enterprises to establish a system for collective bargaining for wages, improve the system of wage guidelines, and improve and comply with the minimum wage system.We will reform the method of supervising SOE payroll and strengthen oversight of wages paid by enterprises in monopoly industries.三是從今年1月1日起，再連續(xù)三年進(jìn)一步提高企業(yè)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金水平。

Third, we will raise the level of basic old-age benefits for retirees from enterprises every year for three years beginning Jan.1 this year.四是深化公務(wù)員工資制度改革，繼續(xù)做好規(guī)范公務(wù)員津貼補(bǔ)貼工作。加快推進(jìn)事業(yè)單位收入分配制度改革。

Fourth, we will deepen reform of the salary system for civil servants and continue efforts to standardize their subsidies and allowances.We will accelerate reform of the income distribution system in government-affiliated institutions.五是落實(shí)職工帶薪年休假制度。同時(shí)要進(jìn)一步完善消費(fèi)政策，拓寬服務(wù)消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域，穩(wěn)定居民消費(fèi)預(yù)期，擴(kuò)大即期消費(fèi)。只有把經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的成果合理分配到群眾手中，才能得到廣大群眾的擁護(hù)，才能促進(jìn)社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定.Fifth, we will institute a system of annual paid vacations for employees.In addition, we will further improve consumption policies, broaden the range of services available in the market, stabilize consumer expectations and increase immediate consumption.Only by appropriately spreading the fruits of economic development among the people can we win their support and maintain social harmony and stability.完善社會(huì)保障體系。堅(jiān)持實(shí)行廣覆蓋、保基本、多層次、可持續(xù)的方針。

We will improve the social safety net.We will follow a policy of expanding the number of people covered, guaranteeing people's basic needs and pursuing multi-level and sustainable development of the system.一要做好社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)面和基金征繳工作。重點(diǎn)擴(kuò)大農(nóng)民工、非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)組織從業(yè)人員、城鎮(zhèn)靈活就業(yè)人員參加社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)。努力解決關(guān)閉破產(chǎn)企業(yè)退休人員和困難企業(yè)職工參加基本醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)問題

First, we will expand the number of people covered by the social security system and improve collection of contributions to insurance funds.The focus of efforts will be on extending coverage to more rural migrant workers in cities, employees in the nonpublic sector of the economy and urban residents without fixed employment.Efforts will be made to provide basic medical insurance for retirees from closed or bankrupt enterprises and employees of enterprises with financial difficulties.二要推進(jìn)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度改革。完善社會(huì)統(tǒng)籌與個(gè)人帳戶相結(jié)合的企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度，擴(kuò)大做實(shí)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)個(gè)人帳戶試點(diǎn)，加快省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌步伐，制定全國統(tǒng)一的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)關(guān)系專續(xù)辦法。規(guī)范發(fā)展企業(yè)年金制度。探索事業(yè)單位基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革。抓緊制定適合農(nóng)民工特點(diǎn)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)辦法。鼓勵(lì)各地開展農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)。加快完善失業(yè)、工傷、生育保險(xiǎn)制度。

Second, we will push ahead with the reform of the social security system.We will improve the system of basic old-age insurance for enterprise employees, combining contributions from various sources in society with personal employee retirement accounts, and expand the trial of fully funding personal accounts for old-age insurance.In addition, we will accelerate the implementation of overall planning for old-age pensions at the provincial level and work out nationwide rules for transferring social security accounts from one region to another.We will standardize and expand enterprise retirement systems that pay annuities.We will explore ways to reform basic old-age insurance in government-affiliated institutions.We will soon work out an old-age insurance system suitable for rural migrant workers in cities, and encourage local governments to carry out experiments with a rural old-age insurance system.We will accelerate improvement in unemployment insurance, workers' compensation and maternity insurance.三要采取多種方式充實(shí)社會(huì)保障基金，強(qiáng)化資金監(jiān)管，確保基金安全，實(shí)現(xiàn)保值增值。

Third, we will finance social security funds in various ways, strengthen their oversight, ensure their security and maintain and increase their value.四要健全社會(huì)救助體系。重點(diǎn)完善城鄉(xiāng)居民最低生活保障制度，建立與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和物價(jià)水平相適應(yīng)的救助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)調(diào)整機(jī)制。健全臨時(shí)救助制度。同時(shí)，積極發(fā)展社會(huì)福利事業(yè)。鼓勵(lì)和支持慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展。做好優(yōu)撫安置工作。加強(qiáng)防災(zāi)減災(zāi)救災(zāi)工作。為加快社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)，今年中央財(cái)政將安排2762億元，比上年增加458億元。建立和完善覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的社會(huì)保障體系，讓人民生活無后顧之憂，直接關(guān)系經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，是全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的一項(xiàng)重大任務(wù).Fourth, we will improve the social assistance system.We will focus on improving the systems of basic cost of living allowances for both urban and rural residents and setting up a mechanism for adjusting the level of assistance in line with economic growth and price changes.We will improve the temporary assistance system, vigorously develop social welfare programs and encourage and support the development of charity programs.We will do a good job providing assistance to entitled groups and helping demobilized military personnel return to civilian life.We will improve the work of disaster prevention, reduction and relief.A total of 276.2 billion yuan will be appropriated this year in the central government budget to accelerate development of the social security system, 45.8 billion yuan more than last year.Establishing a sound social safety net for both urban and rural residents to ward off uncertainties for them has a direct impact on economic and social development and is a major task in the effort to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.抓緊建立住房保障體系。總的指導(dǎo)原則是：

We will promptly establish a system for ensuring housing for people.The general guiding principles for this work are as follows.（1）堅(jiān)持從我國人多地少的基本國情出發(fā)，建立科學(xué)、合理的住房建設(shè)和消費(fèi)模式。大力發(fā)展省地節(jié)能環(huán)保型住宅，增加中小套型住房供給，引導(dǎo)居民適度消費(fèi)。

1)Taking into consideration the fact that China has a large population and relatively little land available for building housing, we need to foster a scientific and rational model for housing development and home ownership.We will vigorously work to build environmentally friendly buildings that conserve energy and land, increase the supply of small and medium-sized condominiums, and guide people to obtain housing they can afford.（2）堅(jiān)持正確發(fā)揮政府和市場(chǎng)的作用，政府主要制定住房規(guī)劃和政策，搞好土地合理供應(yīng)、集約利用和管理，重點(diǎn)發(fā)展面向中低收入家庭的住房。高收入家庭的住房需求主要通過市場(chǎng)調(diào)節(jié)解決。

2)We must ensure that the government and the market both play their due roles.The government's role is mainly to formulate plans and policies for housing and ensure that there is an appropriate supply of land, ensure that land is used intensively and oversee land use.Priority will be given to development of housing for low-and middle-income families.Demand for housing among high-income families will be met largely through the market.（3）堅(jiān)持加強(qiáng)對(duì)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)的調(diào)控和監(jiān)管，規(guī)范和維護(hù)市場(chǎng)秩序，促進(jìn)房地產(chǎn)業(yè)持續(xù)穩(wěn)定健康發(fā)展。

3)We need to strengthen regulation and oversight of the real estate market, standardize and maintain order in the market and promote sustained, steady and healthy development of the real estate industry.今年要采取四項(xiàng)措施： The following four measures will be adopted this year: 一要健全廉租住房制度，加快廉租住房建設(shè)，增加房源供給，加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)適用住房建設(shè)和管理，積極解決城市低收入群眾住房困難。

First, we will improve the system of low-rent housing, accelerate construction of low-rent housing, expand the supply of housing, and step up construction and tighten management of affordable housing to ease the housing difficulties of low-income urban residents.今年中央用于廉租住房制度建設(shè)的資金68億元，比去年增加17億元；地方各級(jí)政府都要增加這方面的投入。同時(shí)，要積極改善農(nóng)民工居住條件。

A total of 6.8 billion yuan will be allocated from the central government budget for the low-rent housing program this year, 1.7 billion yuan more than last year, and local governments will also increase funding in this area.In addition, we will work energetically to improve the living conditions of rural migrant workers in cities.二要增加中低價(jià)位、中小套型普通商品住房供應(yīng)，建立多渠道投融資機(jī)制，通過多種途徑幫助中等收入家庭解決住房問題。合理調(diào)整城市土地供給結(jié)構(gòu)，增加中小套型住房用地。

Second, we will increase the supply of low-and medium-price, small and medium-sized condominiums, establish a mechanism for making investments and raising funds in various ways, and help middle-income families meet their housing needs through a variety of channels.We will improve the supply structure of urban land to provide more land for building small and medium-sized condominiums.三要綜合運(yùn)用稅收、信貸、土地等手段，完善住房公積金制度，增加住房有效供給，抑制不合理需求，防止房?jī)r(jià)過快上漲。

Third, we will use a combination of tax, credit and land supply measures and improve the housing accumulation fund system to increase supply of reasonably priced housing, curb demand for high-end housing and prevent overheating in housing prices.四要加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)格房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入和退出條件。依法查處閑置囤積土地、房源和炒地炒房行為。同時(shí)，要加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村住房建設(shè)規(guī)劃和管理，切實(shí)解決農(nóng)村困難群眾住房安全問題。我們要堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)住房改革和建設(shè)，讓人民群眾安居樂業(yè).Fourth, we will strengthen market oversight and strictly enforce the requirements for market access and the conditions for going out of business for real estate firms.We will investigate attempts to control the land and housing market through hoarding and speculation in land and housing and deal with violations in accordance with the law.In addition, we will improve planning and management of rural housing development and the safety of housing for the rural poor.We must unswervingly promote reform of the housing system and construction of housing for the benefit of the people.（七）深化文化體制改革，推動(dòng)文化大發(fā)展大繁榮.7.Deepening the reform of the cultural management system and promoting the vigorous development and enrichment of culture.進(jìn)一步落實(shí)和完善文化體制改革政策措施，推動(dòng)文化創(chuàng)新，加強(qiáng)文化建設(shè)，保障人民基本文化權(quán)益，繁榮文化市場(chǎng)，滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的、多樣的文化需求。堅(jiān)持用馬克思主義中國化最新成果教育人民，在全社會(huì)樹立中國特色社會(huì)主義共同理想，大力弘揚(yáng)以愛國主義為核心的民族精神和以改革創(chuàng)新為核心的時(shí)代精神，深入進(jìn)行社會(huì)主義榮辱觀教育。推進(jìn)和諧文化建設(shè)，實(shí)施公民道德建設(shè)工程，培育文明社會(huì)風(fēng)尚。特別要加強(qiáng)青少年思想道德建設(shè)。深入開展文明創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)。堅(jiān)持為人民服務(wù)、為社會(huì)服務(wù)的方向，全面貫徹百花齊放、百家爭(zhēng)鳴的方針。發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)。繁榮新聞出版、廣播影視、文學(xué)藝術(shù)。鼓勵(lì)創(chuàng)作優(yōu)秀精神文化產(chǎn)品.We will further implement and improve the policies and measures to reform the cultural management system, promote cultural innovation, strengthen cultural improvement work, safeguard the basic cultural rights and interests of the people, and promote a flourishing cultural market to meet the people's ever-increasing and varied cultural needs.We will continue to educate the people in the latest advances in adapting Marxism to Chinese conditions, foster a common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics among the people, strongly promote a national spirit centered on patriotism and a spirit of the times centered on reform and innovation, and extensively promote education in the socialist concept of honor and disgrace.We will develop a culture of harmony, carry out the program for improving civic morality and foster civilized social conduct.Particular attention will be paid to cultivating ideals and ethics among young people.Extensive campaigns will be launched to encourage civilized behavior.We will maintain the orientation of serving the people and socialism and fully adhere to the principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.We will develop philosophy and the social sciences.We will promote the vigorous development of the press and publishing, radio, film and television, literature and the arts.We will encourage the production of excellent cultural works.加大政府投入力度，加快構(gòu)建覆蓋全社會(huì)的公共文化服務(wù)體系，加強(qiáng)公益性文化事業(yè)建設(shè)，特別是加強(qiáng)社區(qū)和鄉(xiāng)村文化設(shè)施建設(shè)。加快鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)綜合文化站建設(shè)。推進(jìn)全國文化信息共享、廣播電視村村通、農(nóng)家書屋和農(nóng)村電影放映工程。具有公益性質(zhì)的博物館、紀(jì)念館和全國愛國主義教育示范基地，今明兩年內(nèi)全部向社會(huì)免費(fèi)開放。完善文化產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，加快文化產(chǎn)業(yè)基地和區(qū)域性特色文化產(chǎn)業(yè)群的建設(shè)。加 強(qiáng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)文化建設(shè)和管理。規(guī)范文化市場(chǎng)，堅(jiān)持開展“掃黃打非”。加強(qiáng)民族文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)。擴(kuò)大對(duì)外文化交流。加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)公共體育設(shè)施建設(shè)，廣泛開展全民健身活動(dòng)，不斷提高競(jìng)技體育水平.We will increase government funding to accelerate development of a system of public cultural services for the whole society and to promote development of basic public benefit cultural programs, particularly the building of more cultural facilities in urban communities and villages.We will accelerate development of multipurpose community centers in towns and townships.We will work on the projects to set up a national shared databank of cultural information and resources, extend radio and television coverage to all villages, and set up reading rooms and show movies in rural areas.All public museums, memorial halls and exhibition centers of a nonprofit nature will stop charging admission fees this year or next year.We will improve the policy for developing the culture sector and speed up development of bases for the culture industry and clusters of cultural industries with regional features.We will strengthen efforts to develop and manage Internet culture.We will ensure order in the cultural market and continue to combat pornography and illegal publications.We will strengthen protection of our national cultural heritage.We will expand cultural exchanges with other countries.We will step up development of public sports facilities in both urban and rural areas, launch extensive public fitness programs and raise the level of competitive sports.2008年奧運(yùn)會(huì)和殘奧會(huì)即將在北京舉辦。這是全體中華兒女的共同期盼，對(duì)于促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、增進(jìn)中國人民同世界各國人民的友誼與合作，具有重要意義。要扎實(shí)做好各項(xiàng)籌備和組織工作，加強(qiáng)國際合作，創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境，確保成功舉辦一屆有特色、高水平的體育盛會(huì).The 2008 Olympics and Paralympics will be held in Beijing.All sons and daughters of the Chinese nation are looking forward to them, and they will be of great importance in promoting China's economic and social development and increasing friendship and cooperation between Chinese people and the peoples of other countries.We will prepare for and organize the Games well, strengthen cooperation with the international community, and create an excellent environment to ensure that the Games are a unique, well-run sporting event.（八）加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義民主法制建設(shè)，促進(jìn)社會(huì)公平正義.8.Stepping up development of socialist democracy and the socialist legal system and promoting social fairness and justice.深化政治體制改革，發(fā)展社會(huì)主義政治文明。擴(kuò)大人民民主，健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，依法實(shí)行民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，保障人民的知情權(quán)、參與權(quán)、表達(dá)權(quán)、監(jiān)督權(quán)。發(fā)展基層民主，完善基層群眾自治制度，擴(kuò)大基層群眾自治范圍，推動(dòng)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)建設(shè)，深入推進(jìn)政務(wù)公開、村務(wù)公開、廠務(wù)公開。發(fā)揮社會(huì)組織在擴(kuò)大群眾參與、反映群眾訴求方面的積極作用，增強(qiáng)社會(huì)自治功能.We will deepen reform of political institutions and advance socialist political standards.We will expand people's democracy, improve democratic institutions, diversify its forms and expand its channels, and we will carry out democratic elections, decision-making, administration and oversight in accordance with the law to ensure the people's rights to stay informed about, to participate in, to express views on, and to oversee government affairs.We will develop democracy at the community level, improve the system of governance by the people at the community level, expand the scope of their autonomy, strengthen urban and rural communities, and make the running of governments, villages and factories more transparent.We will bring into play the positive role of civic organizations in expanding public participation in government affairs and voicing the concerns of the people to improve the ability of society to govern itself.全面落實(shí)依法治國基本方略。加強(qiáng)政府立法，提高立法質(zhì)量。今年要重點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)改善民生、推進(jìn)社會(huì)建設(shè)、節(jié)約能源資源、保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境等方面的立法。政府立法工作要廣泛聽取意見。制定與群眾利益密切相關(guān)的行政法規(guī)、規(guī)章，原則上都要公布草案，向社會(huì)公開征求意見。合理界定和調(diào)整行政法規(guī)執(zhí)法權(quán)限，強(qiáng)化行政執(zhí)法監(jiān)督，全面落實(shí)行政執(zhí)法責(zé)任制。健全市縣政府依法行政制度。

We will fully adhere to the rule of law as a fundamental principle.We will step up the drafting of proposed legislation by the government and improve the quality of such legislation.The drafting of such legislation this year will focus on improving people's lives, promoting social development, conserving energy and resources, and protecting the ecosystem.In the course of doing so, we need to seek views from many sources.In principle, we will release drafts to the public to solicit their opinions when formulating all administrative rules and regulations that bear on the interests of the people.We will appropriately delineate and adjust the powers and duties of administrative law enforcement agencies, and strengthen oversight and fully implement the responsibility system for administrative law enforcement.We will improve the system of government administration in accordance with the law at the municipal and county levels.加強(qiáng)對(duì)行政收費(fèi)的規(guī)范管理，改革和完善司法、執(zhí)法的財(cái)政保障機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)法規(guī)、規(guī)章和規(guī)范性文件的備案審查工作。健全行政復(fù)議體制，完善行政補(bǔ)償和行政賠償制度。做好法律服務(wù)和法律援助工作。深入開展法制宣傳教育，在全社會(huì)形成自覺守法用法的良好氛圍.We will ensure that administrative charges are collected in a standardized way and reform and improve the mechanism for ensuring adequate funding for the judicial system and for law enforcement.We will improve the filing and inspection procedures for laws, rules, regulations and regulatory documents.Systems of administrative review and administrative compensation and reparation will be improved.We will ensure that people have adequate access to legal services and assistance.We will increase publicity and education concerning the law in order to create a good social environment in which the people conscientiously study, abide by and apply the law.完善社會(huì)管理。加強(qiáng)社會(huì)組織建設(shè)，健全基層社會(huì)管理體制。做好解放工作，完善信訪制度。健全社會(huì)矛盾調(diào)解機(jī)制，妥善處理人民內(nèi)部矛盾，維護(hù)群眾合法權(quán)益。完善社會(huì)治安防控體系，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)治安綜合治理，開如伸展平安創(chuàng)建活動(dòng)。改革和加強(qiáng)城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)警務(wù)構(gòu)成，加強(qiáng)流動(dòng)人口服務(wù)和管理。集中整治突出的治安問題和治安混亂地區(qū)，依法防范和打擊違法犯罪活動(dòng)，保障人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全，確保社會(huì)大局穩(wěn)定。加強(qiáng)國家安全工作。

We will improve public administration.We will increase efforts to improve civic organizations and improve the system of public administration at the community level.We will do a good job handling complaints in the form of letters and visits from the public and improve the system for handling complaints.We will improve the mechanism for mediating social tensions and properly handle problems among the people to protect their legitimate rights and interests.We will improve the public security system for the prevention and control of crime, maintain law and order through a full range of measures and launch intensive campaigns to ensure public security.We will reform and intensify community policing in both urban and rural areas and improve services for and management of the floating population.Focusing on addressing serious public security issues and improving conditions in areas with poor public order, we will work to prevent crime and crack down on crime and illegal activities in accordance with the law to protect people's lives and property and ensure social stability.We will redouble our efforts to safeguard national security.強(qiáng)化安全生產(chǎn)工作。加大源頭治理力度，遏制重特大安全事故的發(fā)生。鞏固和發(fā)展煤礦瓦斯治理和整頓關(guān)閉兩個(gè)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)成果，繼續(xù)開展重點(diǎn)行業(yè)領(lǐng)域安全專項(xiàng)整治。加強(qiáng)對(duì)各類安全事故隱患排查和整治工作，健全重大隱患治理、重大危險(xiǎn)源監(jiān)控制度，完善預(yù)報(bào)、預(yù)警、預(yù)防和應(yīng)急救援體系。依法加快監(jiān)管，嚴(yán)肅查處安全生產(chǎn)事故.We will strengthen efforts to ensure workplace safety.We will work harder to prevent serious and major accidents by addressing their root causes.We will consolidate and build upon progress in bringing coalmine gas buildup under control, improve coalmine safety and shut down coalmines that do not meet safety standards.We will continue to carry out campaigns to address safety problems in key industries and areas.We will work harder to identify and eliminate hidden perils, and improve the system for controlling major hazards and monitoring major sources of danger and the system for forecasting, giving early warning, preventing, responding to and mitigating disasters.We will tighten oversight for workplace safety in accordance with the law and rigorously investigate industrial accidents and prosecute those responsible for them.（九）加快行政管理體制改革，加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè).9.Accelerating reform of the administrative system and intensifying government self-improvement.行政管理體制改革是深化改革的重要環(huán)節(jié)，是政治體制改革的重要內(nèi)容，也是完善社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的必然要求。改革的總原則和要求是：堅(jiān)持以人為本、執(zhí)政為民，堅(jiān)持同發(fā)展社會(huì)主義民主政治、發(fā)展社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)相適應(yīng)，堅(jiān)持科學(xué)民主決策、依法行政、加強(qiáng)行政監(jiān)督，堅(jiān)持管理創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新，堅(jiān)持發(fā)揮中央和地方兩個(gè)積極性。要著力轉(zhuǎn)變職能、理順關(guān)系、優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)、提高效能，形成權(quán)責(zé)一致、分工合理、決策科學(xué)、執(zhí)行順暢、監(jiān)管有力的行政管理體制.Reform of the administrative system is an important link in deepening reform, an important part of the reform of political institutions, and an essential step in improving the socialist market economy.In reforming the administrative system, we should adhere to the following general principles and requirements: we must put people first and govern for the people.We should see to it that this reform proceeds in line with development of socialist democracy and the socialist market economy.Decisions must be made scientifically and democratically;the government must be run in accordance with the law, and administrative oversight needs to be strengthened.We need to make innovations in management and institutions and make full use of the initiative of both the central government and local governments.Efforts should be focused on changing functions, straightening out inter-departmental relationships, improving the structure and raising efficiency in order to develop an administrative system in which powers are commensurate with responsibilities, the division of work among departments is appropriate, decisions are scientific, enforcement is carried out smoothly and oversight is effective.第一，加快轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能。這是深化行政管理體制改革的核心。健全政府職責(zé)體系，全面正確地履行政府職能，努力建設(shè)服務(wù)型政府。在加強(qiáng)和改善經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管的圖式，更加注重社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)，維護(hù)社會(huì)公正和社會(huì)秩序，促進(jìn)基本公共服務(wù)均等化。重視發(fā)揮行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)、商會(huì)等組織的作用.First, we must accelerate the transformation of government functions.This is central to deepening reform of the administrative system.We need to improve the division of responsibilities among government departments, ensure that all departments properly execute their functions and strive to build a service-oriented government.While improving regulation of the economy and the market, we must increase efforts to improve public administration and public services, safeguard social justice and order, and ensure equal access for all to basic public services.We will attach great importance to the role of civil organizations such as industrial associations and chambers of commerce in this area.第二，深化政府機(jī)構(gòu)改革。這次國務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革方案，主要圍繞轉(zhuǎn)變職能，合理配置宏觀調(diào)控部門的職能，調(diào)整和完善行業(yè)管理機(jī)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)管理和公共服務(wù)部門，探索實(shí)行職能有機(jī)統(tǒng)一的大部門體制；針對(duì)職責(zé)交叉、權(quán)責(zé)脫節(jié)問題，明確界定部門分工和權(quán)限，理順部門職責(zé)關(guān)系，健全部門間的協(xié)調(diào)配合機(jī)制。國務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革方案將提交本次大會(huì)審議.Second, we must deepen reform of government bodies.Our current plan for the reform of bodies of the State Council mainly centers on changing the way the government functions, appropriately dividing responsibilities among departments that exercise macroeconomic regulation, adjusting and improving bodies in charge of industrial management, and improving departments responsible for public administration and public services.The plan explores ways to establish larger departments that organically integrate the functions of smaller departments.To resolve the problem of overlapping responsibilities and of powers not being matched by responsibilities, the plan clearly defines the responsibilities and powers of each department, clarifies the relationship of responsibilities among departments, and improves the mechanism for interdepartmental coordination and cooperation.The plan will be submitted to you for deliberation and approval.第三，完善行政監(jiān)督制度。堅(jiān)持用制度管權(quán)、管事、管人。加強(qiáng)行政權(quán)力監(jiān)督，規(guī)范行政許可行為。強(qiáng)化政府層級(jí)監(jiān)督，充分發(fā)揮監(jiān)察、審計(jì)等專門監(jiān)督的作用。自覺接受社會(huì)各個(gè)方面的監(jiān)督。推行行政問責(zé)制度和政府績(jī)效制度。

Third, we must improve the mechanism of administrative oversight.We need to use institutions to oversee the exercise of power, the handling of government affairs and the management of personnel.We will strengthen oversight of the exercise of administrative power and standardize procedures for administrative approval.We will strengthen the mutual oversight between higher-and lower-level authorities, get oversight bodies such as supervision and auditing departments to fully play their role, and conscientiously accept oversight by all sectors of society.We will adhere to the administrative accountability system and government performance management system.切實(shí)加強(qiáng)公務(wù)員隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。嚴(yán)肅法紀(jì)政紀(jì)，堅(jiān)決改變有令不行、有禁不止的現(xiàn)象。大力推行政務(wù)公開，健全政府信息發(fā)布制度，完善各類公開辦事制度，提高政府工作透明度，創(chuàng)導(dǎo)條件讓人民更有效地監(jiān)督政府。

The competence of public servants will be strengthened.We will strictly enforce the law and the code of conduct for government employees and resolutely put a stop to non-compliance with government decrees and continued occurrences of banned practices.We will strive to make government affairs more open by enhancing the government information release system and improving the various types of administrative systems for transparency in government affairs to increase the transparency of government functions and create conditions to enable the people to oversee the government more effectively.第四，加強(qiáng)廉政建設(shè)。要把反腐倡廉建設(shè)放在更加突出的位置，旗幟鮮明地反對(duì)腐敗。堅(jiān)持標(biāo)本兼治、綜合治理、懲防并舉、注重預(yù)防的方針，扎實(shí)推進(jìn)懲治和預(yù)防腐敗體系建設(shè)。特別要解決權(quán)力過分集中和缺乏制約的問題。從根本上加強(qiáng)制度建設(shè)，規(guī)范財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付、土地和礦產(chǎn)資源開發(fā)、政府采購、國有資產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓等公共資源管理。

Fourth, we will strengthen efforts to ensure clean government.We will attach even greater importance to combating corruption and encouraging integrity, and fight corruption unequivocally.We will effectively improve the system for preventing and punishing corruption in accordance with the principle of addressing both the symptoms and root causes of corruption and taking a dual approach that combines prevention and punishment, with the emphasis on prevention.In particular, we need to tackle the problems of excessive concentration of power and lack of checks on power.We will address fundamentals to improve regulations and institutions and standardize management of public resources such as transfer payments, development of land and mineral resources, government procurement and the transfer of state-owned assets.加大專項(xiàng)治理力度，重點(diǎn)解決環(huán)境保護(hù)、食品藥品安全、安全生產(chǎn)、土地征收征用與房屋拆遷等方面群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的問題，堅(jiān)決糾正損害群眾利益的不正之風(fēng)。大力提倡艱苦奮斗，堅(jiān)決制止奢侈浪費(fèi)。嚴(yán)肅查處各類違法違紀(jì)案件，深入開展治理商業(yè)賄賂，依法腐敗分子，決不姑息。

We will strengthen special campaigns to address people's pressing concerns related to problems concerning environmental protection, food and drug safety, workplace safety, land acquisition and expropriation, and housing demolition, to resolutely stop irregular practices that hurt public interests.We will strongly advocate hard work and plain living and firmly oppose extravagance and waste.We will prosecute all violations of the law and discipline, strictly curb bribery in business, resolutely bring corrupt people to justice and prosecute them to the full extent of the law.各位代表！Fellow Deputies, 我國是統(tǒng)一的多民族國家，必須堅(jiān)持各民族共同團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗、共同繁榮發(fā)展。堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，促進(jìn)少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，堅(jiān)固和發(fā)展平等團(tuán)結(jié)互助和諧的社會(huì)主義民族關(guān)系。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，落實(shí)宗教事務(wù)條例，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。做好新時(shí)期僑務(wù)工作，進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷在祖國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)與和平統(tǒng)一大業(yè)中的作用.China is a unified, multiethnic country.We must promote unity among all ethnic groups and make a concerted effort to achieve prosperity and development for all.We will follow and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, promote economic and social development of ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas, and consolidate and develop socialist ethnic relations of equality, unity, mutual assistance and harmony.We will faithfully follow the Party's basic principles on work related to religions, adhere to the Regulations on Religious Affairs, and enable religious figures and religious believers to play a positive role in advancing economic and social development.We need to do a good job handling affairs related to overseas Chinese nationals in the new era and make full use of the role of overseas Chinese nationals, returned overseas Chinese nationals and their relatives in China's modernization and the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland.加強(qiáng)國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)，是發(fā)展中國特色社會(huì)主義的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)，必須統(tǒng)籌經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和國防建設(shè)，在推進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化事業(yè)進(jìn)程中實(shí)現(xiàn)富國和強(qiáng)軍的統(tǒng)一。要堅(jiān)持以毛澤東軍事思想、鄧小平新時(shí)期軍隊(duì)建設(shè)思想、江澤民國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)思想為指導(dǎo)，認(rèn)真落實(shí)胡錦濤同志關(guān)于新形勢(shì)下國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)重要論述，把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀作為國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo)方針。

Improving national defense and the military is a strategic task in developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.We must balance economic development and national defense development to make China prosperous and the armed forces strong as we carry out modernization.We must always follow the guidance of Mao Zedong's military thinking, Deng Xiaoping's thinking on building the army in the new period and Jiang Zemin's thinking on strengthening the national defense and the army, truly implement the important guidelines of Comrade Hu Jintao on national defense and the army under the new circumstances, and take the Scientific Outlook on Development as an important guiding principle for developing national defense and the army.著眼全面履行新世紀(jì)新階段軍隊(duì)歷史使命，提高軍隊(duì)?wèi)?yīng)對(duì)多種安全威脅、完成多樣化軍事任務(wù)的能力，堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全和領(lǐng)土完整，為全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)提供強(qiáng)有力的保障。加強(qiáng)人民武裝警察部隊(duì)建設(shè)，提高執(zhí)勤、處置突發(fā)事件、反恐維穩(wěn)的能力。加強(qiáng)國防教育，增強(qiáng)全民國防觀念。完善國防動(dòng)員體系。鞏固軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié).Our aim is to enable the army to fully carry out its historic mission in the new stage in the new century, enhance its ability to respond to security threats and accomplish a diverse array of military tasks, staunchly protect China's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, and provide strong support for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We will strengthen efforts to improve the People's Armed Police Force to improve its ability to enforce the law, respond to emergencies, combat terrorism and safeguard stability.We will intensify national defense education to raise public awareness of the importance of national defense.We will improve the national defense mobilization system.We will strengthen unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people.堅(jiān)定不移地貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，嚴(yán)格按照特別行政區(qū)基本法辦事；全力支持香港、澳門兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)政府依法施政；進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)內(nèi)地與兩個(gè)特別行政區(qū)在經(jīng)貿(mào)、科技、教育、文化、衛(wèi)生、體育等領(lǐng)域的交流合作。我們堅(jiān)信，香港、澳門同胞一定能夠把香港、澳門管理和建設(shè)得更好.We will continue to unswervingly adhere to the principle of “one country, two systems,” under which Hong Kong people administer Hong Kong and Macao people administer Macao with a high degree of autonomy, and act in strict accordance with the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.We will give full support to the governments of the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions in administering their regions in accordance with the law, and increase exchange and cooperation between the mainland and the two special administrative regions in economic and trade affairs, environmental protection, science and technology, education, culture, health and sports.We firmly believe that our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will be able to do even better in administering and developing their respective regions.堅(jiān)持“和平統(tǒng)一、一國兩制”的基本方針和新形勢(shì)下發(fā)展兩岸、促進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一的各項(xiàng)政策，牢牢把握兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展的主題，鼓勵(lì)兩岸同胞加強(qiáng)交往、增進(jìn)共識(shí)，積極促進(jìn)兩岸經(jīng)濟(jì)文化交流，推動(dòng)直接“三通”。

We will adhere to the basic principle of “peaceful reunification and one country, two systems” and follow all policies for developing relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits and promoting China's peaceful reunification under the current circumstances.We will pursue the goal of promoting peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, encourage compatriots on both sides to increase contacts and common understanding, actively promote cross-Straits economic and cultural exchanges, and work for the resumption of direct links of mail, transport and trade.實(shí)施和充實(shí)惠及廣大臺(tái)灣同胞的政策措施，支持海峽西岸和其他臺(tái)商投資相對(duì)集中地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。爭(zhēng)取在一個(gè)中國的基礎(chǔ)上盡快恢復(fù)兩岸協(xié)商談判，解決兩岸同胞關(guān)心的重大問題。堅(jiān)決反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂活動(dòng)，絕不允許任何人以名義任何方式把臺(tái)灣從祖國分割出去。任何涉及中國主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整的問題，必須由包括臺(tái)灣同胞在內(nèi)的全中國人民共同決定。“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂勢(shì)力企圖改變大陸和臺(tái)灣同屬一個(gè)中國的現(xiàn)狀，破壞臺(tái)海和平，是注定要失敗的。兩岸統(tǒng)一是中華民族走向偉大復(fù)興的歷史必然。海內(nèi)外中華兒女共同奮斗，一定能夠完成祖國統(tǒng)一大業(yè)!We will implement and improve the policies and measures designed to benefit our compatriots in Taiwan and support economic development on the west coast of the Straits in Fujian Province and in other areas where Taiwan investment is concentrated.We will work for the early resumption of cross-Straits negotiations on the basis of the one-China principle to address major issues of concern to compatriots on both sides.We firmly oppose Taiwan independence secessionist activities, and will never allow anyone to separate Taiwan from the motherland in any guise or by any means.Any issue that concerns China's sovereignty and territorial integrity must be decided by all the Chinese people, including our Taiwan compatriots.The attempts of Taiwan independence secessionist forces to deny the reality that the mainland and Taiwan belong to one and the same China and to undermine peace in the Taiwan Straits are doomed to fail.Reunification of the two sides is inevitable in the course of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.With the concerted efforts of all Chinese people at home and overseas, the great cause of China's reunification will surely be achieved!在新的一年，我們要高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主的和平外交政策，堅(jiān)持和平發(fā)展的道路，堅(jiān)持互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，推動(dòng)建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

In the coming year, we must continue to hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation, follow an independent foreign policy of peace and a path of peaceful development, and adhere to the win-win strategy of opening up to promote the building of a harmonious world with durable peace and common prosperity.要努力發(fā)展同發(fā)達(dá)國家的關(guān)系，全面深化同周邊國家的睦鄰友好關(guān)系，大力加強(qiáng)同發(fā)展中國家的團(tuán)結(jié)合作，積極開展多邊外交，推動(dòng)重大熱點(diǎn)問題和全球性問題的妥善解決，維護(hù)我國公民和法人在海外的合法權(quán)益。

We will work hard to develop relations with developed countries, deepen good-neighborly relations and friendship with all neighboring countries, and redouble efforts to increase unity and cooperation with other developing countries.We will actively participate in multilateral diplomacy, work to find appropriate solutions to major hotspots and global issues, and safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese nationals and companies overseas.中國政府和人民愿同各國人民一道，共同分享發(fā)展機(jī)遇，共同應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)挑戰(zhàn)，共同推進(jìn)人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)。各位代表!The Chinese government and people are ready to share development opportunities with people of all other countries and to work with them to address risks and challenges and advance the noble cause of the peace and development of humanity.回顧五年的成就，令人鼓舞；展望未來發(fā)展，催人奮進(jìn)。偉大的祖國已邁上新的歷史征程，前景無限美好。讓我們?cè)谝院\濤同志為總書記的黨中央領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以鄧小平理論和“三個(gè)代表”重要思想為指導(dǎo)，深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀，解放思想，改革創(chuàng)新，扎實(shí)工作，為奪取全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)新勝利而努力奮斗！Fellow Deputies，Looking back, we are encouraged by the achievements of the past five years.Looking ahead, we see an exciting future for China.Our great motherland has embarked upon a new historical course and the future holds even brighter prospects.Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary, let us hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thought of Three Represents, and comprehensively apply the Scientific Outlook on Development.Let us free our minds, carry out reform and innovation, and work diligently for greater achievements in the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects!