第一篇:土木工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計結(jié)論與摘要
結(jié) 論
通過為期兩個月的畢業(yè)設(shè)計,總的體會可以用一句話來表達(dá),紙上得來終覺淺,絕知此事要躬行!。
以往的課程設(shè)計都是單獨(dú)的構(gòu)件或建筑物的某一部分的設(shè)計,而畢業(yè)設(shè)計則不一樣,它需要綜合考慮各個方面的工程因素,諸如布局的合理,安全,經(jīng)濟(jì),美觀,還要兼顧施工的方便。這是一個綜合性系統(tǒng)性的工程,因而要求我們分別從建筑,結(jié)構(gòu)等不同角度去思考問題。
在設(shè)計的過程中,遇到的問題是不斷的。前期的建筑方案由于考慮不周是,此后在指導(dǎo)老師及教研室各位老師和同學(xué)們的幫助下,通過參考建筑圖集,建筑規(guī)范以及各種設(shè)計資料,使我的設(shè)計漸漸趨于合理。
在計算機(jī)制圖的過程中,我更熟練操作AutoCAD、天正建筑等建筑設(shè)計軟件。在此過程中,我對制圖規(guī)范有了較為深入地了解,對平、立、剖面圖的內(nèi)容、線形、尺寸標(biāo)注等問題上有了更為清楚地認(rèn)識。
中期進(jìn)行對選取的一榀框架進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)手算更是重頭戲,對各門專業(yè)課程知識貫穿起來加以運(yùn)用,比如恒載,活載與抗震的綜合考慮進(jìn)行內(nèi)力組合等。開始的計算是錯誤百出,稍有不慎,就會出現(xiàn)與規(guī)范不符的現(xiàn)象,此外還時不時出現(xiàn)筆誤,于是反復(fù)參閱各種規(guī)范,設(shè)計例題等,把課本上的知識轉(zhuǎn)化為自己的東西,使其更接近于實(shí)際工程。
后期的計算書電腦輸入,由于以前對各種辦公軟件應(yīng)用不多,以致開始的輸入速度相當(dāng)?shù)穆贿^經(jīng)過一段時間的練習(xí),日趨熟練。
緊張的畢業(yè)設(shè)計終于劃上了一個滿意的句號,從四月份至今,回想起過去兩個多月的設(shè)計收獲是很大的,看到展現(xiàn)在眼前的畢業(yè)設(shè)計成果,不僅使我對四年來大學(xué)所學(xué)專業(yè)知識的進(jìn)行了一次比較系統(tǒng)的復(fù)習(xí)和總結(jié)歸納,而且使我真正體會了設(shè)計的艱辛和一種付出后得到了回報的滿足感和成就感。同時也為以后的工作打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ),也為以后的人生作好了鋪墊。
因此,通過本畢業(yè)設(shè)計,掌握了結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計的內(nèi)容、步驟、和方法,158 全面了解設(shè)計的全過程;培養(yǎng)正確、熟練的結(jié)構(gòu)方案、結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算、構(gòu)造處理及繪制結(jié)構(gòu)施工圖的能力;培養(yǎng)我們在建筑工程設(shè)計中的配合意識;培養(yǎng)正確、熟練運(yùn)用規(guī)范、手冊、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)圖集及參考書的能力;通過實(shí)際工程訓(xùn)練,建立功能設(shè)計、施工、經(jīng)濟(jì)全面協(xié)調(diào)的思想,進(jìn)一步建立建筑、結(jié)構(gòu)工程師的責(zé)任意識。
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參考文獻(xiàn)
[1] 李國強(qiáng),李杰.建筑結(jié)構(gòu)抗震設(shè)計.北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社出版,2002;27-38 [2] 沈蒲生,梁興文.混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)原理.北京:高等教育出版社出版,2002:34-94 [3] 同濟(jì)大學(xué),西安建筑科技大學(xué).東南大學(xué),重慶建筑大學(xué).房屋建筑學(xué).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,1999:
[4] 陳文斌、章金良.建筑工程制圖.上海:同濟(jì)大學(xué)出版社,1996; [5] 陳希哲.土力學(xué)地基基礎(chǔ).北京;清華大學(xué)出版社,2003; [6] 朱育萬.土木工程制圖.北京:高等教育出版社,2000; [7] 龍馭球.結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué).北京:高等教育出版社,2002;
[8] 沈蒲生,蘇三慶.高等學(xué)校建筑工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計指導(dǎo).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2000、6;
[9] 梁興文、史慶軒.土木工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)設(shè)計指導(dǎo).北京:科學(xué)出版社,2002;
[10] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部.建筑結(jié)構(gòu)荷載規(guī)范.北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2002;
[11] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部.混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB 50010-2002).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2002;
[12] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部.建筑地基基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB 50007-2001).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2002;
[13] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部.建筑抗震設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB 50011-2001).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2002;
[14] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部.混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范(GB 500010-2002).北京:中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2002;
[15] 中華人民共和國建設(shè)部,層民用建筑設(shè)計防火規(guī)范(GB50045-1995).北京: 中國建筑工業(yè)出版社,2001;
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致 謝
畢業(yè)設(shè)計即將結(jié)束,全職的學(xué)生生活也隨之畫上句號。即將走上社會的我,回想大學(xué)的生活感慨頗多。在這四年的時間里,認(rèn)識了很多老師和同學(xué),不論是在生活方面還是在學(xué)習(xí)方面,他們都給了我很大的幫助。通過這幾年的學(xué)習(xí),我不僅學(xué)到了許多文化知識,而且在做人和為人處世方面也深有所得,在畢業(yè)離校之際,深深地向他們表達(dá)我最真誠的謝意!
在整個畢業(yè)設(shè)計期間,因?yàn)橛辛四銈兊膸椭椭С郑也虐岩粋€系統(tǒng)的、從來沒有上手的課題,圓滿地完成。正是因?yàn)橛辛四銈兊膸椭抛屛也粌H學(xué)到了本次課題所涉及的新知識,更讓我感覺到了知識以外的東西,那就是團(tuán)結(jié)的力量。
在這次畢業(yè)設(shè)計中,我首先要感謝我的指導(dǎo)老師,她的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)求實(shí)的治學(xué)態(tài)度、高度的敬業(yè)精神、兢兢業(yè)業(yè)、孜孜以求的工作作風(fēng)對我產(chǎn)生重要影響。她們用自己的言行來告訴我們應(yīng)以什么樣的心態(tài)去學(xué)習(xí)、去工作。是她們的鼓勵和幫助才使我順利完成設(shè)計。在畢業(yè)設(shè)計過程中,教研室所有的老師都給我極大的幫助。在此,向他們表達(dá)深深的謝意。
最重要的是我還要深深地感謝我的父母,她們?yōu)槲夷賱谥С治易x完了大學(xué),他們不辭勞苦的精神,成為我永遠(yuǎn)前進(jìn)的動力!我將倍加努力,在新的工作崗位上,用優(yōu)異的成績來感謝幫助過我的人。
最后,再次感謝母校和老師們。
致謝人:呂岡奎
2007-6-10
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第二篇:土木工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計—教學(xué)樓設(shè)計—中英文摘要
西北工業(yè)大學(xué)教學(xué)樓設(shè)計
學(xué)生姓名:曾凡亮
班級:土木0801
指導(dǎo)老師:馬斌奇、丁怡潔
摘要:本教學(xué)樓共6層,層高43.6米,建筑面積約6687.7m2,建筑總高度21.60米,采用鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu),抗震等級為二級,抗震設(shè)防烈度為8度,整個設(shè)計包括建筑設(shè)計和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計兩部分。
建筑設(shè)計部分,首先根據(jù)建筑的使用功能確定建筑的初步布局,包括建筑體形及室內(nèi)空間布置等,然后結(jié)合使用的材料、做法進(jìn)一步確定具體尺寸和平、立面風(fēng)格等。
結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計部分,首先根據(jù)建筑設(shè)計、工藝使用要求、材料供應(yīng)情況以及場地地質(zhì)條件等確定結(jié)構(gòu)布置方案,然后選取一榀典型框架進(jìn)行設(shè)計計算。在明確計算簡圖的前提下,進(jìn)一步確定框架承受的荷載,包括恒載、屋(樓)面活載,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行框架內(nèi)力計算(采用D值法計算風(fēng)荷載作用下的內(nèi)力,采用彎矩二次分配法計算豎向荷載作用下的內(nèi)力)、內(nèi)力組合、梁、柱和基礎(chǔ)等構(gòu)件的配筋計算以及風(fēng)荷載作用下的側(cè)移驗(yàn)算。
在上述工作的基礎(chǔ)上,采用制圖軟件AutoCAD 2004繪制了建筑施工圖和結(jié)構(gòu)施工圖。
關(guān)鍵詞:鋼筋混凝土框架結(jié)構(gòu);教學(xué)樓;建筑設(shè)計;結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。
Design of the teaching building in Northwestern Polytechnical University Student Name : Ceng Fanliang class of 0801: Civil Teacher: Ma Binqi, Ding Yijie, Abstract: the teaching building has 6 floors,43.6 meters tall, the building area of about 6687.7m2, building a total height of 21.60 meters, with reinforced concrete frame structure, seismic grade two, seismic fortification intensity is 8 degrees, the design consists of architectural design and structural design of two parts.Part of the architectural design, according to the construction of the first use of function determine the initial layout of the building, including the building shape and layout of the indoor space, and then use a combination of materials, practice further determine the specific size peace, elevation style.Structure design part, firstly according to the architectural design, process, materials supply and requirements for the use of the site geological conditions determine the layout of the structure, and then selects a pin typical framework design.In the explicit calculation diagram under the premise, further determining the frame under load, including dead load, live load house(floor)surface, on the basis of calculation of internal forces of frame(the D value method to calculate the wind load, the moment two methods of distribution to calculate vertical load under the action of internal force, internal force)combination, beam, column and foundation member reinforcement calculation and wind load under the lateral displacement calculation.On the basis of the above work, using graphics software AutoCAD 2004drawing construction plans and construction plans.Keywords: reinforced concrete frame structure;teaching building;architectural design;structure design.
第三篇:畢業(yè)論文摘要、結(jié)論
畢業(yè)論文摘要與結(jié)論的寫作方法及樣例
一,怎樣寫畢業(yè)論文摘要
(一)什么是論文摘要
摘要也就是內(nèi)容提要,是論文中不可缺少的一部分.它是建立在對論文進(jìn)行總結(jié)的基礎(chǔ)之上,用簡單,明確,易懂,精辟的語言對全文內(nèi)容加以概括,留主干去枝葉,提取論文的主要信息.作者的觀點(diǎn),論文的主要內(nèi)容,研究成果,獨(dú)到的見解,這些都應(yīng)該在摘要中體現(xiàn)出來.為了便于索引與查找,易于收錄到大型資料庫中并為他人提供信息,論文摘要應(yīng)以第三人稱寫作,應(yīng)是一篇具有獨(dú)立性的短文.(二)
1.摘要的字?jǐn)?shù)
摘要字?jǐn)?shù)要求在300~400字之間.2.摘要的基本規(guī)范
(1)應(yīng)以第三人稱寫作.摘要是完整的短文,具有獨(dú)立性,可以單獨(dú)使用.即使不看論文全文的內(nèi)容,仍然可以理解論文的主要內(nèi)容,作者的新觀點(diǎn)和想法以及論文所要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目的,采取的方法,研究的結(jié)果與結(jié)論.(2)敘述完整,突出邏輯性,短文結(jié)構(gòu)要合理.(3)文字簡明扼要,不容贅言,采用直接表述的方法,做到用最少的文字提供最大的信息量.(4)摘要中不使用特殊字符,圖表以及由特殊字符組成的數(shù)學(xué)表達(dá)式,不能列舉例證.3.摘要的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成要素
目的,方法,對象和結(jié)論稱為摘要的四要素.(1)目的:,目的,重要性.(2)方法:
(3)成果:.(4)(簡寫),(三)畢業(yè)論文摘要樣例
(:個人所得稅流失問題的探討)
摘 要
自1993年統(tǒng)一個人所得稅以來,個人所得稅隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,個人收入的增加成為我國目前增長速度最快的稅種.但同時個人所得稅也是我國稅收流失比較嚴(yán)重的稅種之一,因此對個人所得稅稅收流失機(jī)理的探討,流失規(guī)模的測算顯得尤為重要.運(yùn)用數(shù)量分析與規(guī)范分析相結(jié)合的方法,以黑龍江省為例初步測算個人所得稅流失的規(guī)模,證明稅收流失的嚴(yán)重性,解釋個人所得稅流失的主要原因是由于稅收制度的不完善,稅收法制建設(shè)滯后而造成的收入分配機(jī)制扭曲,加之信用制度缺失,傳統(tǒng)文化的慣性等諸多原因加劇了稅收流失的規(guī)模,并在此基礎(chǔ)上提出借鑒國外成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)提出盡快出臺稅收基本法,完善個人所得稅制度及建立個人信用制度的對策建議.二,怎樣寫畢業(yè)論文結(jié)論
(一)結(jié)論是一篇論文的收束部分,是以研究成果為前提,經(jīng)過嚴(yán)密的邏輯推理和論證所得出的最后結(jié)論.在結(jié)論中應(yīng)明確指出論文研究的成果或觀點(diǎn),對其應(yīng)用前景和社會,經(jīng)濟(jì)價值等加以預(yù)測和評價,并指出今后進(jìn)一步在本研究方向進(jìn)行研究工作的展望與設(shè)想.結(jié)論應(yīng)寫得簡明扼要,精練完整,邏輯嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),措施得當(dāng),表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確,有條理性.(二)
1.,不加章號.2.600-800字左右.3.,主要對策與建議,并簡要說明研究中所存在的不足,為他人繼續(xù)研究指明方向,提供線索.4.:,一般不要提出新的觀點(diǎn)或材料.(三)畢業(yè)論文結(jié)論樣例
(:個人所得稅流失問題的探討)
結(jié) 論 市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,個人收入的不斷提高使個人所得稅成為增長潛力與空間最大的稅種,個人所得稅的流失也成為關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn).本文以黑龍江省為例嘗試用稅收收入能力測算法估測黑龍江省個人所得稅稅收流失的規(guī)模,并與浙江省稅收流失規(guī)模作了比較,發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然兩省的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展速度不同,但稅收流失的相對規(guī)模趨同,從而證實(shí)了稅收流失的嚴(yán)重性.在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)一步探求稅收流失的原因,發(fā)現(xiàn)分類所得稅制強(qiáng)化了稅收的收入功能,削弱了調(diào)節(jié)功能,造成收入分配機(jī)制扭曲,將工薪階層推向個人所得稅納稅人主體,稅收相對負(fù)擔(dān)較重,這與個人所得稅的目標(biāo)是相違背的.而信用制度缺失,傳統(tǒng)文化的慣性等因素加大了個人所得稅征管的難度增加了稅收成本,稅收流失進(jìn)一步加劇.因此治理個人能所得稅稅收流失在我國是一項(xiàng)長期而艱巨的系統(tǒng)工程,本文認(rèn)為從完善個人所得稅制度入手,減少工薪所得稅的累進(jìn)級數(shù),以混合課征制為過渡,緩解收入分配機(jī)制的扭曲.同時迅速建立起以身份證號碼為基礎(chǔ)的三號統(tǒng)一(身份證號,納稅識別號,社會保障號)的個人信用平臺,配合稅收征管制度的強(qiáng)化提高征稅效率.加大稅法宣傳力度,借助新聞媒體的力量,使公民知法守法,從而逐步減少稅收流失.由于所學(xué)知識有限,本文只在粗淺的層面解釋個人所得稅稅收流失的原因,提出基本的對策建議.稅收流失的測算方法以及個人所得稅流失的深層根源還有待于深入研究,我會在今后的工作中繼續(xù)關(guān)注個人所得稅
第四篇:土木工程畢業(yè)設(shè)計目錄及摘要
延安市政府辦公樓
摘 要
本工程為政府辦公樓工程,采用框架結(jié)構(gòu),主體為六層,本地區(qū)抗震設(shè)防烈度為8度,近震,場地類別為II類場地。主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向?yàn)槲髂希撅L(fēng)壓0.40KN/M,基本雪壓0.25 KN/M。樓﹑屋蓋均采用現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)。
本設(shè)計貫徹“實(shí)用、安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、美觀”的設(shè)計原則。按照建筑設(shè)計規(guī)范,認(rèn)真考慮影響設(shè)計的各項(xiàng)因素。根據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與建筑的總體與細(xì)部的關(guān)系。
本設(shè)計主要進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)方案中橫向框架第12軸抗震設(shè)計。在確定框架布局之后,先進(jìn)行了層間荷載代表值的計算,接著利用頂點(diǎn)位移法求出自震周期,進(jìn)而按底部剪力法計算水平地震荷載作用下大小,進(jìn)而求出在水平荷載作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力(彎矩、剪力、軸力)。接著計算豎向荷載(恒載及活荷載)作用下的結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力。是找出最不利的一組或幾組內(nèi)力組合。選取最安全的結(jié)果計算配筋并繪圖。此外還進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)方案中的室內(nèi)樓梯的設(shè)計。完成了平臺板,梯段板,平臺梁等構(gòu)件的內(nèi)力和配筋計算及施工圖繪制。對樓板進(jìn)行了配筋計算,本設(shè)計采用樁基礎(chǔ),對基礎(chǔ)承臺和樁進(jìn)行了受力和配筋計算。
整個結(jié)構(gòu)在設(shè)計過程中,嚴(yán)格遵循相關(guān)的專業(yè)規(guī)范的要求,參考相關(guān)資料和有關(guān)最新的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范,對設(shè)計的各個環(huán)節(jié)進(jìn)行綜合全面的科學(xué)性考慮。總之,適用、安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)、使用方便是本設(shè)計的原則。設(shè)計合理可行的建筑結(jié)構(gòu)方案是現(xiàn)場施工的重要依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 框架結(jié)構(gòu),抗震設(shè)計,荷載計算,內(nèi)力計算,計算配筋
I
Luoyang City West office building
ABSTRACT
This works for the city of Luoyang West office building, a framework structure for a six-storey main, in the region earthquake intensity of 8 degrees near Lan site classification as Class II venues.Led to the southwest direction, the basic Pressure 0.40 KN / M, basic snow pressure 0.25KN/M.Floor roof were using cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure.The design and implement “practical, security, economic, aesthetic,” the design principles.With the architectural design, design seriously consider the influence of the various factors.According to the structural and architectural detail and the overall relationship.The design of the main structure of the program horizontal framework 12-axis seismic design.In determining the distribution framework, the first layer of representative value of the load, Then use vertex from the displacement method for earthquake cycle, and then at the bottom of shear horizontal seismic load calculation under size, then calculated the level of load under the Internal Forces(bending moment, shear and axial force).Then calculate vertical load(constant load and live load)under the Internal Forces.Identify the most disadvantaged group or an internal force several combinations.Select the best safety results of the reinforcement and Mapping.In addition, the structure of the program indoor staircase design.Completion of the platform boards, boards of the ladder, platform beam component and the reinforcement of internal forces calculation and construction mapping.On the floor reinforcement calculation, the use of pile foundation design, foundation and pile caps for the force and reinforcement calculation.II
The whole structure of the design process, in strict compliance with the relevant professional standard, reference to relevant information and the latest national standards and specifications, and design of the various components of a comprehensive scientific considerations.In short, application, security, economic and user-friendly design is the principle.Design reasonable and workable structure of the program is the construction site of the important basis for the construction.KEY WORDS:Frame
Structure,Seismic
Design,Load Calculation,Internal force calculation,Calculation reinforcement
III
符 號
Ec -混凝土彈性模量;
C20-表示立方體強(qiáng)度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值為20N/mm2的混凝土強(qiáng)度等級; N-軸向力設(shè)計值; M-彎矩設(shè)計值; V-剪力設(shè)計值; A-構(gòu)件截面面積; I-截面慣性矩;
Gk-永久荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值; QK-可變荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值;
?G-永久荷載分項(xiàng)系數(shù);
?Q-可變荷載分項(xiàng)系數(shù);
Fek-結(jié)構(gòu)總水平地震作用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值;
GE、Geq-地震時結(jié)構(gòu)的重力荷載代表值、表值;
T-結(jié)構(gòu)自振周期;
?RE-承載力抗震調(diào)整系數(shù);
?-構(gòu)件長細(xì)比;
fak-地基承載力特征值; H0-基礎(chǔ)高度;
d-基礎(chǔ)埋置深度,樁身直徑;
?-土的重力密度;
?k-風(fēng)荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值;
?Fn-結(jié)構(gòu)頂部附加水平地震作用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值;
?u-樓層層間位移;
e-偏心距;
Asv-箍筋面積; B-結(jié)構(gòu)迎風(fēng)面寬度;
h0-截面有效高度;
IV
等效總重力荷載代
AS-受拉區(qū)、受壓區(qū)縱筋面積。
目 錄
前言 ··················································· 錯誤!未定義書簽。第1章 工程概況 ································· 錯誤!未定義書簽。第2章 結(jié)構(gòu)布置及計算簡圖 ············· 錯誤!未定義書簽。§2.1結(jié)構(gòu)布置及梁,柱截面尺寸的初選 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§2.1.1梁柱截面尺寸初選 ··········· 錯誤!未定義書簽。§2.1.2結(jié)構(gòu)布置 ··························· 錯誤!未定義書簽。§2.2框架計算簡圖及梁柱線剛度 ································· 6
§2.2.1確定框架計算簡圖 ········································· 6 §2.2.2框架梁柱的線剛度計算 ································· 8
第3章 荷載計算 ······························································· 8 § 3.1荷載計算 ································································ 8
§3.1.1 屋面及樓面恒荷載計算 ····························· 9 §3.1.2 屋面及樓面活荷載計算 錯誤!未定義書簽。§3.1.3 梁,柱,墻,門窗重力荷載的計算 ········· 9
第4章 框架梁柱的線剛度計算 ····································· 12 §4.1框架梁柱的線剛度計算 ········ 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§4.1.1 框架梁柱的線剛度計算·························· 13 §4.1,2 梁柱的線平均剛度比 ······························ 13
第5章 橫向水平荷載作用下的框架內(nèi)力計算 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§5.1重力荷載代表值計算 ··············· 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§5.1.1墻自重 ··························································· 16 §5.1.2梁,柱,墻,板,門窗重力荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值 ··· 19 §5.1.3集中與各樓層處的重力荷載代表值計算 ··· 21 §5.2水平地震作用下框架內(nèi)力合側(cè)移的計算 ··········· 23 §5.2.1橫向自振周期 ··············································· 23 §5.2.2水平地震作用 ··················· 錯誤!未定義書簽。
V
§5.2.3水平地震作用下框架內(nèi)力計算錯誤!未定義書簽。
§5.3橫向鳳荷載作用下框架結(jié)構(gòu)內(nèi)力和側(cè)移計算 ··· 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§5.3.1鳳荷載標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值 ··················· 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§5.3.2風(fēng)荷載作用下的水平位移驗(yàn)算 ··············· 35 §5.3.2鳳荷載作用下的框架結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力計算 ··· 35
第6章豎向荷載作用下內(nèi)力計算 ··································· 42
§6.1框架結(jié)構(gòu)的荷載計算 ······································· 42 §6.2.1板傳荷載計算 ··········································· 42 §6.2恒荷載作用下框架的內(nèi)力 ······························· 45
§6.2.1恒荷載作用下框架的彎矩計算 ··············· 49 §6.3活荷載作用下框架的內(nèi)力 ······························· 55
§6.3.1活載作用下的框架內(nèi)力 ··························· 55 §6.3.2活荷載作用下框架的內(nèi)力計算 ··············· 55 第7章 框架結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)力組合 ········································· 64
§7.1框架結(jié)構(gòu)梁內(nèi)力組合 ··········· 錯誤!未定義書簽。
§7.1.1框架結(jié)構(gòu)梁的內(nèi)力組合 錯誤!未定義書簽。§7.1.2梁端彎矩控制值 ······································· 74 §7.1.3梁端截面組合的剪力設(shè)計值調(diào)整 ··········· 86 §7.2框架結(jié)構(gòu)柱的內(nèi)力組合 ··································· 86 §7.2.1框架結(jié)構(gòu)柱的內(nèi)力組合 ··························· 86 §7.2.2柱端彎矩設(shè)計值調(diào)整 ······························ 102 §7.2.3柱端截面組合的剪力設(shè)計值調(diào)整 ·········· 104 第8章 框架柱正、斜截面配筋計算 ···························· 105
§8.1框架柱的截面設(shè)計 ·········································· 105
§8.1.1框架柱截面設(shè)計 ······································ 105 §8.1.2柱斜截面受彎承載力計算 ······················ 119 §8.2框架梁的正,斜截面配筋計算 ······················ 119
§8.2.1正截面受彎承載力計算 ·························· 119 §8.2.2截面受彎承載力計算 ······························ 128
VI
第9章板配筋計算 ·························································· 130
§9.1板的配筋 ·························································· 130
§9.1.1設(shè)計資料 ·················································· 130 §9.1.2荷載計算 ·················································· 130 §9.1.3板的計算 ·················································· 130 第10章 樓梯計算 ·························································· 138
§10.1樓梯的設(shè)計 ···················································· 138
§10.1.1樓梯設(shè)計資料 ········································ 138 §10.2踏步板(TB-1)計算 ···································· 138
§10.2.1荷載計算 ················································ 139 §10.2.2斜截面內(nèi)力計算 ···································· 140 §10.2.3截面承載力計算 ···································· 140 §10.3樓梯斜梁(TL-1)計算 ································ 140
§10.3.1荷載計算 ················································ 140 §10.3.2斜截面內(nèi)力計算 ···································· 141 §10.3.3截面承載力計算 ···································· 141 §10.4休息平臺(PB-2)計算 ································ 142
§10.4.1荷載計算 ················································ 142 §10.4.2平臺板彎矩計算 ···································· 142 §10.4.3平臺板配筋計算 ···································· 142 §10.5平臺梁計算 ···················································· 143
§10.5.1荷載計算 ················································ 143 §10.5.2內(nèi)力計算 ················································ 144 §10.5.3正截面承載力計算.······························ 146
第11章 基礎(chǔ)配筋計算 ·················································· 146
§11.1樁基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)計及驗(yàn)算 ···································· 147 §11.1.1樁設(shè)計資料 ············································ 147 §11.1.2確定樁的規(guī)格數(shù)量及初定承臺的尺寸 147 §11.1.3單樁豎向承載力特征值 ························ 147 §11.1.4確定樁的數(shù)量 ········································ 147 §11.1.5樁承臺的設(shè)計 ········································ 147
VII
§11.1.6單樁承載力的驗(yàn)算 ································ 147 §11.1.7偏心荷載驗(yàn)算 ········································ 147 §11.1.8樓梯設(shè)計資料 ············· 錯誤!未定義書簽。§11.2承臺的結(jié)構(gòu)計算 ············································ 149 §11.2.1承臺高度驗(yàn)算 ········································ 149 §11.2.2柱對承臺的沖切驗(yàn)算 ···························· 149 §11.2.3角柱對承臺的沖切驗(yàn)算 ························ 150 §11.2.4承臺抗剪承載力驗(yàn)算 ···························· 150 §11.3基礎(chǔ)配筋計算 ················································ 150 §11.3.1承臺配筋 ················································ 150 §11.3.2樁身配筋 ················································ 151 §11.4中樁基礎(chǔ)的設(shè)計 ············································ 152 §11.4.1樁設(shè)計資料 ············································ 152 §11.4.2確定樁的規(guī)格數(shù)量及初定承臺的尺寸 152 §11.4.3單樁豎向承載力特征值 ························ 152 §11.4.4確定樁的數(shù)量 ········································ 154 §11.4.5樁承臺的設(shè)計 ········································ 154 §11.4.6單樁承載力的驗(yàn)算 ································ 154 §11.4.7偏心荷載驗(yàn)算 ········································ 154 §11.5中樁承臺的結(jié)構(gòu)計算 ···································· 155 §11.5.1承臺高度驗(yàn)算 ········································ 155 §11.5.2柱對承臺的沖切驗(yàn)算 ···························· 155 §11.5.3角柱對承臺的沖切驗(yàn)算 ························ 155 §11.5.4承臺抗剪承載力驗(yàn)算 ···························· 155 §11.6基礎(chǔ)配筋計算 ················································ 156 §11.6.1承臺配筋 ················································ 156 §11.6.2樁身配筋 ················································ 157 第12章 結(jié)論 ·································································· 158 參考文獻(xiàn) ·········································································· 160 致 謝 ················································································ 161 外文資料譯文 ·································································· 162
VIII
IX
第五篇:畢業(yè)設(shè)計摘要
摘要
電流傳感器是電力系統(tǒng)中進(jìn)行電能計量和繼電保護(hù)設(shè)備,其精度及可靠性與電力系統(tǒng)的安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行密切相關(guān)。隨著電力工業(yè)的發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)的電流傳感器難以滿足需求,而光電流傳感器因其獨(dú)特的優(yōu)點(diǎn)具有潛在的應(yīng)用價值,是未來電力工業(yè)電流測量發(fā)展的趨勢。
本文通過廣泛閱讀資料,回顧了光學(xué)電流傳感器近年來的進(jìn)展,分析了該技術(shù)領(lǐng)域存在的問題,結(jié)合光纖光柵傳感技術(shù),根據(jù)超磁致伸縮材料特性分不加偏磁和加偏磁兩種情況下對光纖光柵交流傳感器進(jìn)行了探索。
關(guān)鍵詞光電流傳感器;光纖布拉格光柵;超磁致伸縮材料
Abstract
The current transducer is the important device of power metering and relaying.Its’ precision and reliability related the safety and economy of operation in electric power system closely.With the development of power, conventional current transducer can’t meet requirements.While optical current transformer(OCT)have potential application cost because of its’ unique advantages, will be used to replace conventional current transducers in the future.In this paper, the present situation and state of R&D, existing problems in the field of OCT is reviewed and analyzed through extensive reading of the scientific papers and reports.AC current sensing was realized by DC bias condition and without DC bias condition.Keywordsoptical current transformer;fiber Bragg grating;giant magnetostrictive material