第一篇:如何把握托福口語(yǔ)語(yǔ)速
在托福口語(yǔ)考試中,講話語(yǔ)速適中是關(guān)系托福口語(yǔ)成績(jī)的非常重要的因素。因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)速太快或者太慢都會(huì)對(duì)考生的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生很巨大的影響,也在同時(shí)會(huì)影響考生的考試心態(tài),對(duì)接下來(lái)的寫作部分產(chǎn)生不好的影響。
托福口語(yǔ)考試的時(shí)候,語(yǔ)速的問(wèn)題的確是大問(wèn)題。語(yǔ)速過(guò)快,把能說(shuō)的都很快就說(shuō)完了,剩下的時(shí)間沒(méi)什么好去說(shuō)的了,就會(huì)出現(xiàn)非常尷尬的停頓。語(yǔ)速太慢,想說(shuō)的還沒(méi)說(shuō)到的話,時(shí)間就到了,只留遺憾。
所以呢,對(duì)待語(yǔ)速的問(wèn)題,上海環(huán)球托福專家給各位托福考試的考友的建議就是,在能說(shuō)完考試內(nèi)容的情況下,盡量慢一些,說(shuō)的清晰一些。有的同學(xué)可能會(huì)問(wèn),為什么不能快些,多說(shuō)些呢?
有些人覺(jué)得說(shuō)話快的話,效率比較高,最直接的效果便是可以在規(guī)定的時(shí)間內(nèi)多說(shuō)一些。而且這樣會(huì)給人以不拖沓的感覺(jué),干脆利落,印象分比較高。
但是,事實(shí)上,托福口語(yǔ)考試因?yàn)槭菣C(jī)考,本身就不能用其他的面部表情和肢體語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行輔助的表達(dá),考試的時(shí)候還會(huì)有一起參加的其他人的影響,所以托福口語(yǔ)還是要以讓別人聽(tīng)懂為第一要?jiǎng)?wù)。
至于大家認(rèn)為的說(shuō)話越多,也許就會(huì)越有優(yōu)勢(shì),這其實(shí)也是不能這么下定論的。說(shuō)話的量的多少,要看能否把意思表達(dá)清楚,只要能完整清晰地表達(dá)出自己想要表達(dá)的東西,就不必要說(shuō)那么多的話,畢竟這是考試不是聊天所以不需要寒暄。
這里有一個(gè)案例,在一次英文演講比賽當(dāng)中,有4個(gè)大學(xué)生參加比賽,大家都非常看好一個(gè)說(shuō)話超快超清楚的女同學(xué),認(rèn)為她會(huì)是冠軍,但出乎意料的是,評(píng)委中的一個(gè)英國(guó)評(píng)委對(duì)她的表現(xiàn)的評(píng)價(jià)是:you are just like a machine gun.We cannot quite follow you.Despite you pronunciation is clearly and your voice is nice,you should try to slow down so others can follow you and understand you better.結(jié)果就是,她沒(méi)有能夠晉級(jí)到最后,而另一個(gè)說(shuō)話時(shí)每個(gè)詞中間都有一秒以上停頓的男生卻獲獎(jiǎng)了。現(xiàn)在大家應(yīng)該知道為什么語(yǔ)速不是越快越好了吧。
第二篇:托福口語(yǔ)
托福口語(yǔ)模板模板
綜合寫作模板 綜合寫作模板: The reading and listening passages debate(have a conflict of opinion about)the practice(plan, proposal, policy)of_________.The reading material points out three major benefits(negative effects), which are contradicted(refuted, undermined, weakened)by the following lecture.PS: 黃
色陰影部分可以被替換成下面這句,靈活運(yùn)用。黃色陰影部分可以被替換成下面這句,靈
活運(yùn)用。
The theory/hypothesis that _____.To(dis)prove it, the reading material provides three facts.以上為第一段,以上為第一段,接下來(lái)的藍(lán)色字體要重復(fù)寫三遍,接下來(lái)的藍(lán)色字體要重
復(fù)寫三遍,因?yàn)殚喿x中有三個(gè) 觀點(diǎn),聽(tīng)力一般分別都有三個(gè)觀點(diǎn)與之對(duì)應(yīng),可能同意,可
能反駁。觀點(diǎn),聽(tīng)力一般分別都有三個(gè)觀點(diǎn)與之對(duì)應(yīng),可能同意,可能反駁。每個(gè)觀點(diǎn)分
別重復(fù)以下模板
Logical word(例如:firstly, secondly, thirdly….)+ the reading 例如: 例如 material claims(argues, believes, holds)that Topic Sentence(ps:這個(gè)題句必須寫,但需要改寫,最好不要照抄 原閱讀中的句子).It is because(the reason is that/ the reasons are twofold.For one thing … For another thing…).However, the listening material(speaker, lecturer)believe that…(This is not the case/ holds the
opposite opinion).It is because(tow opposing arguments are raised.First… Second…).By this way, the speaker contradicts(undermines 破壞)the opinion(argument, evidence, fact)of the reading.PS: 藍(lán)色陰影部分,只在最后一次重復(fù)藍(lán)色字體部分才加上。藍(lán)色陰影部分,只在最后一
次重復(fù)藍(lán)色字體部分才加上。新托福獨(dú)立寫作模板
1: A or B 1。The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________。
就理由進(jìn)行解釋_____________________。For instance,____________________ Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________。就理由進(jìn)行解釋
___________________For example,____________________ The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________ Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B,I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious。Such as________________。In a word,________________________________________________。So,it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A。將原題復(fù)述 ___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B,quite a few would deem that______________________,but others,in contrast,believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point。Among countless factors which influence-A/-B,there are three conspicuous aspects as follows。The main reason for my propensity for _________is that___________________The second reason can be seen by every person that________。In addition,these reasons are also usable when we consider that_________。There are some disadvantages in____________________另一種觀點(diǎn)的缺點(diǎn)
__________。In a word,_____________重復(fù)觀點(diǎn)句并縮寫理由__________________。
Taking into account of all these factors,we may reach the conclusion that___________。Some people prefer to A。others believe B。When faced with the decision of A or B,quite a few would claim that______________,but others,in contrast,deem A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point。There are numerous reasons why___________,and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here。The main reason why I agree with the above statement,however,is that_____________________。Take___________as an example,______________。There is another factor that deserves some words here。Such as ________________________。Similarly,these reasons are also usable when we consider that______________。(examples:___________)。
From the above you might got idea that I agree______________。(repeat the above three reason____________)。So,it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to _______________。In my point of view,A is as important as,if not more important than B。So it is sagacious to choose A。Among count less factors which influence A。there are three conspicuous aspects as follows。The above point is certainly true if A is considered。For example,___________________Another reason why I agree with the above statement is that I believe that A is better than B。For instance,_______________ It would probably not be too kindly disposed to the idea that B is not important。B________也好_________。In a word,to choose A or B is something of a dilemma to the public because they sometimes are confused by the seemingly good qualities of B,and neglect hte genuinely good aspects of A。For the reasons presented above,I strongly commit to the notion that A,but not B。When faced with the decision of A or B,quite a few would claim that A,but others,in contrast,deems B as the premier choice and that is also my point。This quite different view is based on the propensity of following points。We may look into every possible reason;however,fore most reason for B is ____________________。For example,______________。Also,________________________。This is arbitrary to judge B according only to the excuse I mentioned in the above paragraph。Similarly,these reasons are also usable when we consider that________________。Admittedly,__________________A 也有好的地方
______________。By he same token,however,______________B 更好____________。Taking into account of all these factors,we may reach the conclusion that_____________。When it comes to______________,Nevertheless,in my part,I prefer A rather than B as my inclination。My arguments for this point are listed as follows。I agree with the statement that _________without reservation since___________。Naturally___________。It can be given a concrete example__________。A more essential factor why I advocate the argument of __________is that。Obviously ________________。Take the case of a thing that____________。
Furthermore,what is worth noticing fact is that ________________。This demonstrates the undeniable fact that__________________。
Of course,choosing B also has advantages to some extent,_______________ 此處論述 B 的
1-2 優(yōu)點(diǎn)___________。But if all these factors are contemplated,the advantages of A carry more weight than those of B。From what has been discussed above,we may finally draw the conclusion that_____________。____________改寫并復(fù)述題目____________。The advantages of B carry more weight than those of A。There are numerous reasons why __________,and I would explore only a few of the most important ones here。One of the primary cause is that_______________________。
What is also worth noticing fact is that_____________________。Furthermore,________________________。Although I agree that there may be couple of disadvantages to_________________。I fell that the advantages are more obvious_____________。
_______________,Given the factors I have just outlined,I can only say that___________________。
第三篇:托福口語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱
托福聽(tīng)力教學(xué)大綱:
第一階段:第一周:第一題的答題結(jié)構(gòu)分析,模板設(shè)計(jì)
第二周:第一題的答題結(jié)構(gòu)分析,模板設(shè)計(jì)
第三周:第二題的答題結(jié)構(gòu)分析,模板設(shè)計(jì)
第四周:第一二題獨(dú)立話題與第三四五六的綜合答題的能力重點(diǎn)提高,銜接 第五周:第三題答題重點(diǎn)分析,技能解析
第六周:第四題答題重點(diǎn)分析,技能解析
第七周:第五題答題重點(diǎn)分析,技能解析
第八周:第六題答題重點(diǎn)分析,技能解析
第二階段:第九周:第一題高分解析,語(yǔ)言表達(dá)高分轉(zhuǎn)換分析
第十周:第一題高分解析,語(yǔ)言表達(dá)高分轉(zhuǎn)換分析
第十一周:第二題套題訓(xùn)練,高分語(yǔ)言解析
第十二周:第三題得分點(diǎn)剖析,高分語(yǔ)言表達(dá)模板設(shè)計(jì)
第十三周:第四題得分點(diǎn)剖析,高分語(yǔ)言表達(dá)模板設(shè)計(jì)
第十四周:第五題得分點(diǎn)剖析,高分語(yǔ)言表達(dá)模板設(shè)計(jì)
第十五周:第六題得分點(diǎn)剖析,高分語(yǔ)言表達(dá)模板設(shè)計(jì)
第十六周:綜合復(fù)習(xí),模考,帶學(xué)生自我糾錯(cuò)找茬
第四篇:托福口語(yǔ)task3-6
名師支招:新托福口語(yǔ)Task 3-6
完全攻略:征服新托福口語(yǔ)Task 3
“To succeed academically in English-speaking colleges and universities,students need to be able to combine all their English-language skills-in reading,listening,and speaking…”,所以在新托福口語(yǔ)task3中考生們首先遭遇了先讀,再聽(tīng),后說(shuō)相結(jié)合的考試形式,雖然內(nèi)容為較易理解的校園生活場(chǎng)景,但環(huán)環(huán)相扣的考試環(huán)節(jié)加上嚴(yán)格緊張的時(shí)間限制,不免給備考帶來(lái)了種種壓力。在本文中,筆者將根據(jù)Task 3 各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的誤區(qū)和問(wèn)題進(jìn)行探討,并給出相應(yīng)的解決方案,以助托福準(zhǔn)考生們一臂之力。
一. 怎樣“讀”?
誤區(qū):閱讀部分考察“記憶”能力
相對(duì)于托福考試的閱讀部分,Task3中只有75-100字的簡(jiǎn)短閱讀材料簡(jiǎn)直是小巫見(jiàn)大巫。可正是因?yàn)檫@樣,卻偏偏激發(fā)了好多考生的“完美主義”心態(tài),想要把所有內(nèi)容統(tǒng)統(tǒng)記下,結(jié)果因小失大,筆記中過(guò)多的細(xì)節(jié)淹沒(méi)了重點(diǎn)信息。其實(shí)Task3中閱讀資料的真正作用是為聽(tīng)力提供背景,唯一的價(jià)值是告訴考生接下來(lái)的對(duì)話中兩人談?wù)摰恼呋蛴?jì)劃等是什么,所以不應(yīng)浪費(fèi)時(shí)間記過(guò)多細(xì)節(jié)。
支招:筆記中只需要notice/message/proposal(key words)+ reasons(keywords)。其中關(guān)于政策的關(guān)鍵詞多半出現(xiàn)在題目以及文章的前兩行,而通過(guò)一些明顯的“信號(hào)”也可以輕松找到給出理由的關(guān)鍵詞。例如:(Official Guide P213)announcement關(guān)鍵詞位于第一行“increase tuition”,而通過(guò)“but itis necessary to increase them now for several reasons”和“we havealso…”可以找到并列關(guān)系的兩組理由關(guān)鍵詞 “more students,additionalprofessors”和“l(fā)aboratoryfacilities”。所以筆記可記做:學(xué)費(fèi)(tuition)↑,學(xué)生(students)+,老師(professors)+,實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備(labfacilities)+(可根據(jù)習(xí)慣中英符號(hào)相結(jié)合)。
二. 怎樣“聽(tīng)”?
誤區(qū)1: 對(duì)話中的兩個(gè)人都聽(tīng)
我們都知道在最終的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中只需陳述其中一個(gè)人的態(tài)度及理由,所以兩個(gè)說(shuō)話者的信息都聽(tīng)無(wú)疑只會(huì)分散精力,并且另一個(gè)人所描述的信息也可能會(huì)被考生誤引入到最后的口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中,違背題目要求給出錯(cuò)誤信息。
支招:找出主角(leading speaker),只聽(tīng)一人
在聽(tīng)力對(duì)話一開(kāi)始的時(shí)候不要著急記筆記,這樣很容易無(wú)法分清主次。先把兩個(gè)人的分別一句話聽(tīng)完,基本就可以分清主角和次角,因?yàn)椋鹘峭鶗?huì)持有很強(qiáng)烈的支持或反對(duì)態(tài)度,確定下主次以后,就可以專注只聽(tīng)一個(gè)人并記筆記了。誤區(qū)2:聽(tīng)力對(duì)話考察“聽(tīng)寫”能力
有的考生曾經(jīng)抱怨說(shuō)自己的筆記都快趕上聽(tīng)力原文了,可是分?jǐn)?shù)卻不盡如人意。其實(shí)這又是“完美主義”心態(tài)在作怪了。考生總是不放心,對(duì)話中的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)列舉都不放過(guò),結(jié)果在口語(yǔ)表達(dá)時(shí)內(nèi)容冗長(zhǎng),卻依然會(huì)遺漏重點(diǎn)信息,而這正是Task3丟分的主要原因之一。托福口語(yǔ)考察的是抓住重點(diǎn)的能力,并不是考生的書(shū)寫速度。
支招:筆記只需要記主角所給出的態(tài)度(贊成/反對(duì))+reasons(key words)
在聽(tīng)力對(duì)話中尋找關(guān)鍵信息,快速識(shí)別信號(hào)詞或信號(hào)句就顯得更為重要,這是聽(tīng)力的必備技巧之一。例如在(Official GuideP214-215),我們可以看到“But I can see why”,“ And the other thing is ”,“I’mdoing OK, but the facilities here are so limited.”這些明顯的信號(hào)句所引出的關(guān)鍵信息,所以筆記可記為:many students(班級(jí)+),hard get personalattention(關(guān)注?),not job(工作難),facilities?equipment?(設(shè)備?)out of date(過(guò)時(shí))
三. 怎樣“說(shuō)”?
誤區(qū):語(yǔ)速要快,尤其是在時(shí)間快結(jié)束時(shí),這樣才會(huì)多提供信息防止丟分。
考生在時(shí)間來(lái)不及時(shí)慌慌張張講得飛快,是因?yàn)橄氚压P記中的內(nèi)容講完,但在托福考官看來(lái)“how clearly and coherentlyyou convey information is as important as how much information youconvey”(表達(dá)的清晰與連貫和表達(dá)內(nèi)容的多少是一樣重要的),倉(cāng)促作答一定顧不得清晰與連貫,所以這樣的表現(xiàn)往往會(huì)失分。
支招:備考時(shí)采用“計(jì)時(shí)錄音”的方法進(jìn)行練習(xí)。
如果平時(shí)練習(xí)時(shí)就有時(shí)間的概念,那么考試時(shí)對(duì)口語(yǔ)表達(dá)的內(nèi)容長(zhǎng)短就比較有把握了,練習(xí)越多,就越胸有成竹。這個(gè)
方法非常值得推薦,因?yàn)樗粌H僅能解決時(shí)間掌控上的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)回顧錄音,對(duì)Task 3當(dāng)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的導(dǎo)致失分的現(xiàn)象也有很好的預(yù)防的作用。
比如:
1.“he”“she”混淆。只是很多考生常犯的“經(jīng)典”低級(jí)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤,自己常常感覺(jué)不到。而在Task 3口語(yǔ)表達(dá)中男女不分,更會(huì)讓考官困惑,以為你沒(méi)有仔細(xì)審題,搞錯(cuò)了陳述對(duì)象,錄音時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免。
2.簡(jiǎn)單堆砌筆記內(nèi)容。Clearly和Coherently是高分考生的共同點(diǎn),而最有效的的方法就是正確使用“discoursemarkers”將觀點(diǎn)合理連貫起來(lái)。在錄音練習(xí)的過(guò)程中最好挑選總結(jié)適合自己的“邏輯模板”,其中包含完整的開(kāi)篇陳述句以及清晰的答案框架,考試時(shí)毫不費(fèi)力就可達(dá)到clear和coherent的要求。
3.原詞原句重復(fù)過(guò)多。豐富的詞匯和句型結(jié)構(gòu)也是口高分的必備條件。在回顧錄音時(shí),應(yīng)挑出其中與原文相同的地方,盡量使用不同的詞匯和句型進(jìn)行替換,逐漸積累豐富的詞匯和句型在考試中靈活應(yīng)用。
綜上所述,建議考生們:在充分熟悉考試流程的基礎(chǔ)上,需要讀,聽(tīng),說(shuō)三項(xiàng)技巧相輔相成,并且練就快而準(zhǔn)的筆記能力,方能順利完成托福口語(yǔ)Task 3。
完全攻略:征服新托福口語(yǔ)Task 4
(系列文章之一:記筆記)
新托福口語(yǔ)的六個(gè)Task 按題型可分為兩類:1.獨(dú)立口語(yǔ)命題independent speaking task(類似于雅思口語(yǔ)第二部分的考察方式,給定問(wèn)題單純考speaking skill);2.綜合口語(yǔ)命題integrated speaking task(根據(jù)閱讀和聽(tīng)力的內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題,是一種新型考試形式,考察學(xué)生閱讀聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)等綜合能力)。按話題可以分為三類:1.個(gè)人生活;2.校園場(chǎng)景;3.學(xué)術(shù)場(chǎng)景。Task 4既是綜合題又是學(xué)術(shù)題,其應(yīng)對(duì)策略必定從綜合題和學(xué)術(shù)題的特點(diǎn)入手,本文就綜合題這一角度出發(fā),談?wù)凾ask 4的備戰(zhàn)方法之第一招--記筆記(note-taking)。
作為綜合題,Task4要求考生先讀一篇100字左右的短文,然后聽(tīng)一段60-90秒的學(xué)術(shù)講座,通常情況下,閱讀材料大致介紹某學(xué)科的一個(gè)基本概念或術(shù)語(yǔ),而聽(tīng)力材料則是對(duì)這一概念的詳細(xì)講解和說(shuō)明。考生的任務(wù)是用聽(tīng)力中的例子或細(xì)節(jié)來(lái)解釋閱讀中的概念。在這一環(huán)節(jié)中,考生只是擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)reporter的角色,不允許給個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)。評(píng)分的一個(gè)重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是考生是否能按要求準(zhǔn)確并且無(wú)缺失地概括閱讀和聽(tīng)力材料中的重點(diǎn)信息。可以看出,在此過(guò)程中,考生除了需要具備一定的口語(yǔ)復(fù)述能力之外,更重要的是要懂得一些note-taking的技巧。因?yàn)槿说亩虝r(shí)記憶是有限的,精確有序的信息再現(xiàn)依賴于完整而清晰的notes。這種口語(yǔ)考試模式再一次突顯了新托福考試的宗旨,與雅思考試一樣都是為了檢測(cè)考生是否具備在海外留學(xué)和生存的能力。note-taking是今后留學(xué)生涯中必不可少的技能,必要的了解和操練不僅是備戰(zhàn)新托福口語(yǔ)的利器,也為日后的繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)做了準(zhǔn)備。下面結(jié)合IBT TOEFL Task 4的特點(diǎn)談?wù)勅绾斡行У膖ake notes.第一步:閱讀、列提綱
Task4開(kāi)始時(shí),有45秒鐘的閱讀時(shí)間,在這一過(guò)程中,應(yīng)充分利用文章標(biāo)題給的提示,快速確定Task4的Topic,并找出sub-points的數(shù)量和內(nèi)容。舉例說(shuō)明如下:
Verbal and Nonverbal Communication
When we speak with other people face-to-face, the nonverbal signalswe give-our facial expressions, hand gestures, body movements, and toneof voice-often communicate as mush as, or more than, the words weutter.When our nonverbal signals, which we often produceunconsciously, agree with our verbal message, the verbal message isenhanced and supported, made more convincing.But when they conflictwith the verbal message, we maybe communicating an entirely differentand more accurate message than what we intend.對(duì)于這篇短文,我們通過(guò)survey標(biāo)題可以確知其Topic,即verbal和nonverbal,帶著這兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞去讀文章主體部分,可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這樣的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)(這也是多數(shù)Task4短文的一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)),一句Topic sentence, 兩句supportingideas。運(yùn)用速記方法,本篇outline可以列為:
Nonverbal & verbal messageinface-to-face talk
=→convincing,≠→unconvincing
其中“&”, “=”和“≠”都是是速記符號(hào),這里提醒廣大托友們要形成自己的一套shorthand notes(速記方法),這在快速Jotdown
信息這一方面起著重要作用。message一詞是對(duì)communication的有意替換。不可忘記的一點(diǎn),口語(yǔ)評(píng)分對(duì)paraphrase有特別要求,原封不動(dòng)的照搬閱讀和聽(tīng)力中的詞或句會(huì)大大影響口語(yǔ)成績(jī)。因此,應(yīng)盡量在notes中就做好替換,為口語(yǔ)作答服務(wù)。第一行的Nonverbal& verbal message in face-to-facetalk是為了口語(yǔ)的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白做的準(zhǔn)備。Outline的主體可以比較簡(jiǎn)略甚至是抽象,自己看得懂就行,但最好有個(gè)清楚的開(kāi)始句,保證作答時(shí)間開(kāi)始時(shí)可以快速開(kāi)口,而不是看著寥寥的幾個(gè)單詞茫然不知從何講起,要知道,好的開(kāi)始是成功的一半。
第二步:預(yù)測(cè)、靜聽(tīng)、記筆記
相比較而言,閱讀后的一分鐘聽(tīng)力在Task4中的比重更大。閱讀是一個(gè)引子,引出概念,聽(tīng)力才是對(duì)概念的詳細(xì)解釋,也是口語(yǔ)回答的重點(diǎn)所在。為了做好對(duì)聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容的note-taking,預(yù)測(cè)這個(gè)步驟很重要。它開(kāi)始于閱讀文章的出現(xiàn),貫穿整個(gè)Task 4始終。一個(gè)goodlistener善于采取主動(dòng),根據(jù)已掌握的適量背景知識(shí)和說(shuō)話者的語(yǔ)調(diào)等提示信息,合理預(yù)測(cè)說(shuō)話者主要和次要內(nèi)容的出場(chǎng)順序,從而有側(cè)重點(diǎn)的記下lecture的脈絡(luò)主線以及細(xì)節(jié)支撐。形成清晰的outline, 保證口語(yǔ)作答時(shí)有條不紊的將main points以及supportingdetails成功再現(xiàn)。仍然以上面所談話題為例:
通過(guò)閱讀文章,已經(jīng)知道聽(tīng)力將會(huì)繼續(xù)談?wù)搗erbal 和nonverbal signals的問(wèn)題。且根據(jù)Task4的一貫出題特點(diǎn),可以預(yù)知聽(tīng)力講座將會(huì)對(duì)閱讀提綱所提及的兩者一致和不一致關(guān)系對(duì)表達(dá)信息的影響做進(jìn)一步舉例說(shuō)明。也就是說(shuō),很有可能舉兩個(gè)例子,分別論證前面閱讀提綱中的“=”和“≠”兩點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。Lecture一開(kāi)始便是講故事,根據(jù)重讀的幾個(gè)單詞“favorite uncle”,“visit”, “haven’t seen for years”,了解基本情節(jié),接下來(lái)當(dāng)聽(tīng)到“said sth”時(shí)要知道這是講到了verbalmessage,此時(shí)應(yīng)該預(yù)測(cè)到后面肯定會(huì)出現(xiàn)nonverbal信息,需注意。果然“eyes wide”, “bigsmile”出現(xiàn)了。這個(gè)故事是說(shuō)明非口頭語(yǔ)言對(duì)表達(dá)信息的肯定和強(qiáng)化作用,那么再聽(tīng)到信號(hào)詞“but compared withthis”的時(shí)候就該在outline上換行并同時(shí)提高警惕,等待第二個(gè)example的出現(xiàn)。這將是個(gè)反例,所以要注意抓住verbal和nonverbal矛盾所在。
第三步:整理、選詞
通過(guò)以上兩個(gè)步驟,筆記上已經(jīng)有了閱讀和聽(tīng)力的要點(diǎn)信息,而聽(tīng)力放音結(jié)束后的30秒鐘準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間則剛好用來(lái)整理筆記。主要是標(biāo)清筆記中要點(diǎn)的主次以及先后關(guān)系,同時(shí)想好作答的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白,指示詞和過(guò)渡詞。有時(shí)間的話還可以記下話題相關(guān)的同義詞。
總之,筆記質(zhì)量的高低直接決定了Task 4任務(wù)完成質(zhì)量的優(yōu)劣,按照以上三個(gè)步驟加以練習(xí),相信可以在note-taking方面有所提高。
完全攻略:征服新托福口語(yǔ)Task 5
新托福口語(yǔ)考試的Task 5和Task 6都屬于Integrated Listening/Speaking Task,是考查考生聽(tīng)說(shuō)綜合能力的考題。雖然相對(duì)前面的Task 3和Task 4少了相關(guān)的閱讀文章,但考生還是要口耳并用,充分發(fā)揮自己的聽(tīng)說(shuō)能力,因此有一定的難度。
考試形式
在Task5中,考生先會(huì)聽(tīng)到一段跟校園場(chǎng)景相關(guān)的對(duì)話,再回答一道基于這段對(duì)話的問(wèn)題。對(duì)話一般是兩個(gè)人就一個(gè)問(wèn)題產(chǎn)生討論并提出兩種可行的解決辦法。這個(gè)問(wèn)題可能是跟其中一人相關(guān)或跟兩個(gè)人都相關(guān)的。聽(tīng)完對(duì)話以后,考生會(huì)被要求簡(jiǎn)要地描述對(duì)話中所討論的問(wèn)題并給出自己的對(duì)于解決辦法的意見(jiàn)。準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間為20秒,而回答時(shí)間為60秒。考試內(nèi)容
一般來(lái)說(shuō),對(duì)話通常發(fā)生在兩個(gè)學(xué)生之間,學(xué)生與教授之間或者學(xué)生與工作人員如教學(xué)助理、圖書(shū)管理員和行政人員之間。問(wèn)題所涵蓋的內(nèi)容大都是與校園生活相關(guān)的,例如課業(yè)和其他安排上的沖突、不可避免缺席某些課程、學(xué)習(xí)資源不能利用、學(xué)生對(duì)課程的選擇把握不準(zhǔn)、亦或是經(jīng)濟(jì)上的困難等。有時(shí)問(wèn)題在對(duì)話者身上都有發(fā)生,所以兩者必須達(dá)成一個(gè)共同的解決辦法;也有時(shí)候問(wèn)題只存在于其中一方,那么此方提出問(wèn)題,另一方則提供兩種可能的解決途徑。整個(gè)對(duì)話大約持續(xù)60到90秒的時(shí)間。
應(yīng)考策略一:答題模式
那么在作答的時(shí)候考生應(yīng)注意些什么呢?下面就一個(gè)例題來(lái)跟大家分享一下,題中對(duì)話如下:
Man:Hey Lisa, how’s it going?
Woman: Hi Mark.Uh, I’m OK, I guess, but my schoolwork is really stressing me out.Man:[sympathetically] Yeah? What’s wrong?
Woman: Well, I’ve got a paper to write and two exams to study for.And a bunch of math problems to finish.It’s just so much
that I can’tconcentrate on any of it.I start concentrating on studying for one ofmy exams, and then I’m like, how long’s it gonna take to finish thatproblem set?
Man: Wow.Sounds like you’ve got a lot more work than you can handleright now.[Not wanting to sound too pushy] Look, have you talked tosome of your professors...mean, you know, try to explain theproblem.Look, you could probably get an extension on your paper, or onthe math assignment...Woman: You think? It would give me a little more time to prepare for my exams right now.Man: Well, I mean another thing that you might do...I mean haveyou tried making yourself a schedule? I mean that’s what I do when I’mfeeling overwhelmed.Woman: What does that do for you?
Man: Well, I mean it helps you to focus your energies.You know, youmake yourself a chart that shows the next few days and the time tillyour stuff is due and...Woman: Uh-huh...[meaning “I’m listening”]
Man: I mean think about what you need to do and when you have to doit by.You know then start filling in your schedule-like, all right9:00 [nine] to 11:30 [eleven-thirty] A.M., study for exam.12:00[twelve] to 3:00 [three], work on problem set.But I mean don’t makethe time periods too long.Like, don’t put in eight hours ofstudying-you know, you’ll get tired, or start worrying about your otherwork again.But if you keep to your schedule, you know you’ll just haveto worry about one thing at a time.Woman: Yeah, that might work.[somewhat noncommittally]
聽(tīng)完對(duì)話以后,考生會(huì)聽(tīng)到考題的要求如下:
The students discuss two possible solutions to the woman’s problem.Describe the problem and state which solution you prefer and explainwhy.先就問(wèn)題來(lái)看,考生一定要把考試中提出的問(wèn)題一一回答完整。問(wèn)題包括以下幾個(gè)部分:首先是要簡(jiǎn)明扼要地描述出對(duì)話中所討論的問(wèn)題,其中重要的細(xì)節(jié)要充足以便沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到對(duì)話只聽(tīng)到考生陳述的人能夠充分了解這個(gè)問(wèn)題;然后考生需表明自己的態(tài)度,即兩種解決辦法中自己會(huì)更傾向于哪種,在表明觀點(diǎn)時(shí)通常可以用到如”I think it would be better if …”之類的句型引出;最后是過(guò)渡到用適當(dāng)?shù)睦碛山忉屪约核x擇的解決辦法。
1、概述問(wèn)題
就本題而言,是兩個(gè)學(xué)生之間的討論,問(wèn)題是女生覺(jué)得課業(yè)太多,沒(méi)有足夠的時(shí)間完成(too much schoolwork and notenough time to do it),算是考生比較熟悉的話題。在概述問(wèn)題的過(guò)程中,像對(duì)話中所提到的“a paper”, “twoexams”, “mathproblems”等造成女生課業(yè)困擾的具體細(xì)節(jié)也應(yīng)當(dāng)有所提及,這樣才能把問(wèn)題說(shuō)得清楚,說(shuō)得全面。由此,在聽(tīng)對(duì)話的過(guò)程中,為了要能很好地把握住這些細(xì)節(jié),take notes的工作自然顯得尤為重要。
2、表明態(tài)度
接下來(lái)便要表明自己會(huì)更支持哪一種解決辦法的。男生非常熱心地提出兩種解決方案:一是建議女生向?qū)熤v明原因,適當(dāng)延長(zhǎng)論文或研究數(shù)學(xué)問(wèn)題的期限;二是建議女生自己擬定一個(gè)短期的工作計(jì)劃表,把每天的時(shí)間作適當(dāng)?shù)膭澐郑煌臅r(shí)間段集中解決不同的問(wèn)題,做到有條不紊,持之以恒即可。假如更偏向第二種辦法,便可以用上面提到的句型對(duì)該辦法作出肯定:I think it would be better if the woman prepareda schedule.3、說(shuō)明原因
在描述選擇該辦法的原因時(shí),考生可以利用對(duì)話中所提到的信息,也可以采用自己的經(jīng)歷。因?yàn)門ask5的內(nèi)容大都和大學(xué)的校園生活息息相關(guān),所以許多考生都可能會(huì)遇到自己很熟悉的甚至有過(guò)類似經(jīng)歷的問(wèn)題,這時(shí)考生大可以結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷去闡述。平時(shí)遇到這樣的問(wèn)題,自己會(huì)采取怎樣的辦法解決呢?以此題為例,比如選擇第二種辦法的原因可以是:The problem of too much workto do is something that the woman is going to confront in the future aswell, and if she learns how to organize a schedule now, this will helpher throughout her academic career.另外考生還可以從兩個(gè)方面著手對(duì)原因作出解釋:一是如上正面說(shuō)明自己所選辦法的好處;二是概括另一解決辦法的不足之處。以此題為例,可以說(shuō)前一種辦法有disadvantage:Even though her professors might be willing to give her anextension, they might somehow penalize her for it by grading herassignments more severely.這樣有了思路和內(nèi)容,闡述起理由來(lái)就更連貫,更順暢了。
最后要提醒考生們的是,對(duì)于解決辦法的選擇并沒(méi)有對(duì)錯(cuò)之分,評(píng)分的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不在于考生最后選擇了哪種辦法,而在于考生是否能恰當(dāng)充分地闡明自己所作選擇的理由。在談到與自身經(jīng)歷相關(guān)的理由時(shí)也要隨時(shí)注意問(wèn)題的焦點(diǎn)是在解決對(duì)話者的問(wèn)題,自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)只能加以借鑒后轉(zhuǎn)化成自己的想法,而并不是由此便談成自己面臨的狀況了。
應(yīng)考策略二:技能培養(yǎng)
針對(duì)托福口語(yǔ)Task 5的考試特點(diǎn),建議考生平時(shí)重點(diǎn)培養(yǎng)以下幾項(xiàng)技能:
1、鍛煉和提高聽(tīng)力水平
托福口語(yǔ)考試和雅思口語(yǔ)考試最根本的區(qū)別在于托福是‘人機(jī)對(duì)話’,而且在這一部分,錄音的長(zhǎng)度是60-90秒,大概有200字左右的內(nèi)容,考生如果在考試時(shí)聽(tīng)不懂錄音,那么在回答問(wèn)題時(shí)將無(wú)法準(zhǔn)確描述錄音的內(nèi)容,從而答題質(zhì)量受影響。這完全不像在雅思考試時(shí)考生聽(tīng)不懂或沒(méi)聽(tīng)明白還可以問(wèn)考官,所以練好聽(tīng)力是考好這一部分的前提。
2、高效摘錄筆記技能
在整個(gè)托福口語(yǔ)考試當(dāng)中,考生隨時(shí)都可以書(shū)寫記筆記。對(duì)于一段200字左右的對(duì)話,考生此時(shí)可以邊聽(tīng)邊記錄重點(diǎn),用以幫助自己的作答。此時(shí)的記筆記需注意不要因?yàn)闀?shū)寫而跑神不知錄音說(shuō)了些什么,所以考生平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練應(yīng)注重培養(yǎng)自己的速記能力,甚至采用一些速記符號(hào),而不要試圖記下全部?jī)?nèi)容,此時(shí)應(yīng)記錄重點(diǎn)或關(guān)鍵詞,否則會(huì)漏聽(tīng)。此外,考生在做筆記時(shí)參照一下分好角色的格式,如:男和女,或教授和學(xué)生,或人名,這會(huì)讓你的記錄更加有條理,陳述起來(lái)也方便你提取一些重要信息。
3、用自己的語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確概括和表達(dá)的技能
考生在Task5這一部分的考試當(dāng)中,聽(tīng)完錄音后會(huì)有20秒的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間,此時(shí)考生可利用這20秒來(lái)組織自己的答案。那么在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練時(shí),考生應(yīng)著重煅練自己用不完整的筆記進(jìn)行有邏輯的清晰表達(dá)技能,在聽(tīng)力時(shí)記下來(lái)的關(guān)鍵詞其實(shí)就是答案的主要部分,考生只需用自己的語(yǔ)言將這些關(guān)鍵詞擴(kuò)充成句子和組織答案。其次,這部分的答題要求考生先描述錄音當(dāng)中所提及的問(wèn)題,可見(jiàn)描述技能是一個(gè)考點(diǎn),針對(duì)新托福的備考,考生平時(shí)還需多多煅練自己的描述能力,在聽(tīng)完一段錄音后用自己的話準(zhǔn)確概括錄音的要點(diǎn)。此外,考生考前應(yīng)熟悉校園生活場(chǎng)景中各種學(xué)生常會(huì)碰到的問(wèn)題并多積累該場(chǎng)景的詞匯,在考前根據(jù)該場(chǎng)景中的常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題加以練習(xí)。
最后需特別提示考生,考前實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練必不可少。在考前的口語(yǔ)練習(xí),考生需嚴(yán)格按照1分的的答題時(shí)間來(lái)練習(xí),并可將自己的答案錄音,聽(tīng)聽(tīng)自己的發(fā)音是否正確和清晰、語(yǔ)速是否太快或太慢、有沒(méi)有過(guò)多的停頓、是否有完整的回答問(wèn)題、有沒(méi)有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤、用詞是否正確、是否超時(shí)或剩下太多時(shí)間等等,然后再根據(jù)自己存在的問(wèn)題加以改進(jìn)和提高 完全攻略:征服新托福口語(yǔ)Task 6
托福口語(yǔ)Task 6考試眾所周知,是聽(tīng)力和口語(yǔ)的結(jié)合,考出來(lái)的分?jǐn)?shù)自然成了兩者的交集。
沒(méi)有良好的聽(tīng)力,就不會(huì)有高效率的輸入。而口語(yǔ)Task 6 又叫學(xué)術(shù)類場(chǎng)景題,對(duì)于很多高中生考生哪怕是在讀大學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō),都會(huì)涉及到一些比較陌生的詞匯,所以這一部分要求考生具有較大的詞匯量,這是贏得該部分高分的第一步。俗話說(shuō)好記性不如爛筆頭,這句話在托福口語(yǔ)中體現(xiàn)得更是淋漓盡致。托福Task 6音頻的獨(dú)白時(shí)間很長(zhǎng),光靠提高個(gè)人的瞬間記憶容量是很難保證高質(zhì)量的輸出,這個(gè)時(shí)候借助筆頭作出高質(zhì)量的筆記就顯得尤為重要了。
下面講講如何做筆記:
第一,抓關(guān)鍵定義、概念,這是整個(gè)學(xué)術(shù)類場(chǎng)景考題的核心和靈魂。要是這幾個(gè)概念都沒(méi)有聽(tīng)出來(lái),即使記下再多的細(xì)節(jié)信息都沒(méi)有用,因?yàn)槟愕筋^說(shuō)了很多但是還是不知道自己要證明什么。整個(gè)音頻播放過(guò)程中,核心概念有很多次的重復(fù),所有考生第一次沒(méi)有清楚也沒(méi)有必要過(guò)分緊張。
第二,抓結(jié)構(gòu),一般的學(xué)術(shù)類場(chǎng)景都是亮出一個(gè)或者幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵話題,或者觀點(diǎn)之后,緊接著一個(gè)證明的過(guò)程,只不過(guò)有時(shí)候舉出一個(gè)例子,有時(shí)為了說(shuō)理更加容易被人理解用兩個(gè)例子,或者是兩個(gè)正面的例子,或者一正一反的兩個(gè)例子。不管結(jié)構(gòu)如何,總的一般是先觀點(diǎn)后舉例的這樣一個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)。考生在理解了這一點(diǎn)之后就可以在做筆記的時(shí)候有意識(shí)的做到觀點(diǎn)一段,然后一個(gè)事例一段。這樣到時(shí)候在陳述階段,就會(huì)有條不紊。
第三,以上兩點(diǎn)主要是從宏觀上講述做筆記時(shí)要注意的地方,這里我們?cè)購(gòu)奈⒂^上講講如何做筆記。兩點(diǎn):相關(guān)性;跳躍性。相關(guān)性就是作出來(lái)的筆記單詞與單詞之間的關(guān)系明晰度的底線是自己在說(shuō)的時(shí)候可以輕松辨識(shí);跳躍性是指所記下的單個(gè)單詞串在一起可以最大限度的覆蓋音頻文件中播放的內(nèi)容。只有把握了這兩“性”,才能既又速度又有準(zhǔn)度。在這里我給考試的建議是:要做到相關(guān)性一定要善用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào);而加強(qiáng)跳躍性則要求考生盡量在筆記中記下名詞,形容詞甚至動(dòng)詞這樣的關(guān)鍵實(shí)詞。
第四,當(dāng)然上述方法只有在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中經(jīng)常使用,才有可能到了考場(chǎng)上做到靈活自如。尤其是從微觀上如何抓住相關(guān)性和跳躍性這兩個(gè)辯證統(tǒng)一的做筆記技巧。只有經(jīng)過(guò)這樣長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的訓(xùn)練,形成一套自己的縮寫形式和筆記習(xí)慣,到時(shí)才能游刃有余。
以上講的主要是考生在做筆記中應(yīng)該注意到的一些問(wèn)題,是一個(gè)偏向于輸入的過(guò)程,下次我們?cè)賮?lái)一起探討筆記之后如何高效輸出的問(wèn)題。
第五篇:托福口語(yǔ)自我介紹
導(dǎo)語(yǔ):托福是由美國(guó)教育測(cè)驗(yàn)服務(wù)社(ETS)舉辦的英語(yǔ)能力考試,全名為“檢定非英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)者的英語(yǔ)能力考試”,中文由TOEFL而音譯為“托福”。以下是小編整理托福口語(yǔ)自我介紹范文的資料,歡迎閱讀參考。
托福口語(yǔ)自我介紹范文1
Hello everyone, my name is Lee.This is really a great honor to have this opportunity, and I believe I can make good performance today.Now I will introduce myself briefly.I am 20 years old,born in Guangdong province, south of China, and I am a senior student at Guangdong **University.My major is English.And I will receive my bachelor degree after my graduation in June.In the past four years, I spent most of my time on study.I passed CET4 and CET6 with a ease and acquired basic theoretical and practical knowledge of Language.Besides, I have attended several Speech competition held in Beijing, which really showed our professional advantages.I have taken a tour to some big factories and
companies, through which I got a deep understanding of English for application.Compared to developed countries, unfortunately, although we have made extraordinary progress since 1998, our packaging industry is still
underdeveloped, messy and unstable, and the situation of employees in the field is awkward.But I have full confidence in its bright future if only our economy can be kept at the growth pace still.I guess you may be interested in why I
choose this job.I would like to tell you that this job is one of my lifelong goals.If I can work here,I will work hard.As to my character, I cannot describe it well, but I know I am optimistic and confident.Sometimes I prefer to stay alone, reading and listening to the music, but I am not lonely, for I like to chat with my classmates about almost everything.My favorite pastime is to play volleyball, to play cards or to surf online.From life at university, I learn how to balance study and entertainment.By the way, I was an actor in our amazing drama club.I have a few glorious memories on stage.That is my pride...托福口語(yǔ)自我介紹范文2
I still remember when I took the TOEFL exam for the first time, my mark was awful, I totally lost confidence in doing a good job on the test, even doubted if my English was any good at all.My dad was the person that helped me through the tough time.First, instead of blaming or punishing me, he spent a lot of time going through the rating card with me to find out what went wrong and how I could improve.Next, he bought many useful books for me to prepare for the test.In the books, I found many sample questions and responses that gave me a good idea of what my answers should be like.He was very supportive in the process, thanks to my dad, I’m more confident this time around that I can do a better job.