第一篇：學術(shù)英語摘要評論

Main Process of Research on Parent-child Relationship 【Author】 CHEN Yan,CHEN Xin-yu

畢節(jié)學院學報 , Journal of Bijie University, 編輯部郵箱 2010年 05期

【Abstract】 Parent-Child Relationships is the first important connection of individual after birth.It in-fluenced the development of individual significantly.This paper discussed the main strides of Parent-Child Relationships research in the world from four topics which included: the period of parent-child conflict,the sexual interaction of parent-child,the influence of family structure,and psychical influence of parent-child relationship.It brings forward the local studies of parent-child relationship.Comment:Abstract is the summary of the paper.In this abstract,the author uses one sentence to introduce the significance of the parent-child relationship in the beginning.The second sentence is used to present the topic from four aspects.And the last sentence show the result of the research.The abstract is very short,however,I think,it did not include the process of the research,nor the background information.A STUDY ON JUNIOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS’ RELATIONSHIP QUALITIES WITH

THEIR PARENTS 【Author】 Shi Wei, Zhang Jinfu, Huang Xiting(Department of psychology, Southwest China Normal University, Chongqing 400715)心理與行為研究 , Studies of Psychology and Behavior, 編輯部郵箱 2004年 01期【Abstract】 A questionnaire was used in this study to investigate 580 students’ relationship quality with their parents.The results showed:(1)The relationship qualities general features were that the relationship’s closeness was in high level, control was higher than average level, self-disclosure, autonomy and conflict were lower than average level, mutuality was in average level.(2)The relationships qualities have many facet significant developmental features, the second grade or/and the third grade is a special period.In the second grade, student-parent relationship’s self-disclosure begin to decline significantly relative to first grade, but insignificantly relative to third grade;autonomy begin to heighten up to third grade.In the third grade, student-parent relationship’s mutuality begin to decline significantly, conflict begin to increase significantly.(3)Many qualities of student-parent relationship are not only influenced by the student gender but also the parent gender, even the interaction of the student gender with the parent gender。

Comment:The first sentence is just a simple one ,but it tells us many things.It presents the topic of the paper.What is more,it also tells us the reseach method:through a questionnaire.Although the author don’t write how to use the questionnaire,it’s enough.The rest sentences illustrat the research result specific in different ways.On The Environment Factors that Affect Mental Health of Adolescence 【Author】 CHEN Hui – ping

北京青年政治學院學報 , Journal of Beijing Youth Politics College, 編輯部郵箱 2006年 01期

【Abstract】 Mental development of children comes to its zero hour in the period of juvenile(12-14)and preadolescence(14-18).Mentality quality that forged in this period affects the career of a person and the cause of a country.In recent years the topic of mental health of children received more and more public attention.From the point of system, exterior environment that affect mental health of adolescence include family, society, school, education of psychology and the view of world.However, the view of world is the key in the dnvironmental system.It is necessary to analysis the environmental factors, to recognize the important of them, and to know the problem of them.By this way, we can solve the psychology problem of adolescence effectively.Comment:The background information is introduced in sentence 1,2 and 3.And the author tells us the paper’s topic in sentence 4.The fifth sentence presents the investigation result.And the next sentence illustrates how the author get the result.The last sentence presents the contribution of the paper.

第二篇：學術(shù)英語摘要

Text 4

Security Benefits of Cloud Computing

Abstract: Today, we can easily notice how the nature of the internet is changing from a place used to read web pages to an environment that allows the users to run software applications.Nowadays, with the development of web page ,the newest web page has up to web pages 3.0,also called the intelligent web ,which is the next stage of the internet evolution.the cloud means the internet.the term is derived from the way in which the internet is often represented into the network diagrams.the current cloud computing

architecture involves the existence of the data centers that are able to provide services to the clients located al overthe world.the main advantages of the cloud computing are the following :there is no need to download or install a specific software and update the local system, users or clients don’t afraid to the computing crashing, because everything is stored into cloud.the cost is low or even free ,like mobile phone or PDAs.the cloud

computing can be used.but everything has its short leg ,there are some disadvantages as well, like :it is hard to integrate with the existing in-house infrastructure.there are not

enough major suppliers in this field and so on.Some major Security benefits for individuals or companies, like the following: centralizing data storage ,increasing uncertainty,virtualization allows a rapid replacement of compromised server located into the cloud without major costs or damages.Today ,the information infrastructure is moving faster to a simple but very innovative concept called cloud computing.the cloud computing is potentially able to offer major security benefits.Key words :security ,cloud computing, advantages, benefits

云計算的安全優(yōu)勢

摘要：今天，我們可以很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)如何在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的本質(zhì)是從用于讀取網(wǎng)頁到一個環(huán)境，使用戶能夠運行應用軟件的地方改變。

如今，隨著網(wǎng)頁的發(fā)展，最新的網(wǎng)頁有多達網(wǎng)頁3.0，也稱為智能網(wǎng)，它是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)演進的下一階段。云是指互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。這個詞是從在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上通常表示成網(wǎng)絡圖的方式獲得。目前的云計算架構(gòu)涉及到能夠給客戶提供服務的數(shù)據(jù)中心的存在，位于人在世界。云計算的主要優(yōu)勢有以下幾點：無需下載或安裝一個特定的軟件和更新本地系統(tǒng)，用戶或客戶端不害怕的計算崩潰，因為一切都被存儲到云計算的成本低甚至免費，如移動電話或PDA。，云計算可以使用，但任何事物都有它的腿短，也有一些缺點，如：它是很難與現(xiàn)有的內(nèi)部基礎設施的整合沒有足夠的主要供應商在這一領域等。

為個人或公司，如以下一些主要的安全優(yōu)勢：數(shù)據(jù)集中存儲，不確定性增加，虛擬化技術(shù)允許快速更換定位成云無重大費用或損失被攻陷服務器的今天，信息基礎設施正在快速地簡單，但。非常創(chuàng)新的概念，叫做云計算。云計算是潛在的能夠提供重大的安全利益。關(guān)鍵詞：安全，云計算，優(yōu)點，好處

Text 8

How Nanotechnology Works

Abstract:

At the begin of this article,it states that there are unprecedented multidisciplinary convergence scientists dedicated to the study of a world so small that we can’t see it—even with a light microscope and tells us the important of nanotechnology.Then in order to understand the unusual world of nanotechnology ,we need to get an idea of the units of measure involved.The long of one nanometer is so small.When we measure the atomic scale,we can find that it’s still small compare to the nannmeter.But in a lecture called “Small Wonders:The World of Nanoscience”,Nobel Prize winner Dr.Horst Stormer said that the nanoscale is more interstesting than the atomic scale because the nanoscale is the first point where we can assemble something—it’s not until we start putting atoms together that we can make anything useful.Then the article states that some predictions of nanotechnology such as the use of the rule of quantum mechanics,nanorobot.It

nanotechnology in future.Key words: nanotechnologyvalueapplication in future

Text 10

states that there great value in

Global Warming and Its Effects

Abstract:Global warming has been a global issue for many years now.However, the most prominent effect of global warming exists in the climate change over the past years.It causes the oceans warmer, the intensity of hurricanes amplifies in power and devastation.Another area affected by global warming is the animal kingdom and nature.The number of animals has been decreasing and the various disease has spread to new regions across the globe.A third type of evidence of global warming can be found in plants.The leading cause of global warming is the ongoing burning of fossil fuels, which releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.Although carbon dioxide largely harms the environment, the other greenhouse gases have a large impact in the atmosphere.Throughout the world, various nations have been joining to help prevent or slow the process of global warming.The issue of global warming affects nature, people, and the economy.Scientists directly link disease to global warming.When people are trying to get others involved in the cause, a common problem that arises is the lack of motivation.In conclusion, the world needs to put forth a stronger effort to prevent global warming.And the mitigation of global warming, we should do from ourselves, from the little things around.Key words: global warming，climate change，effect

全球變暖以及它的影響

摘要：現(xiàn)在全球變暖已經(jīng)成為多年來的全球問題，然而，過去幾年來全球變暖最突出的影響體現(xiàn)在氣候變化上，它導致海洋變得更暖、颶

風的強度和力量更強、冰川融化等等。全球變暖影響的另一個領域是動物王國和自然，它導致動物的數(shù)量急劇減少、疾病的傳播更加廣。全球變暖的第三類證據(jù)可以在植物中找到。全球變暖的主要原因是不斷地燃燒化石燃料，這種燃燒會向大氣中釋放二氧化碳。不僅僅是二氧化碳，其它的溫室氣體也對大氣有很大影響。在全世界，不同國家一直在努力防止或減緩全球變暖的過程。這個問題影響到自然、人和經(jīng)濟。科學家們直接把疾病和全球變暖聯(lián)系起來，當人們努力讓其他人參與到這項事業(yè)中，出現(xiàn)的一個共同問題是缺乏動力。總之，世界需要付出更大的努力以防止全球變暖。減緩全球變暖，我們應該從自己做起，從身邊的小事做起。

關(guān)鍵字：全球變暖，氣候變化，影響

Text 11

Risks of Nuclear Power Abstract：

The principal risks associated with nuclear power arise from health effects of radiation.The radiation mainly comes form the radioactive material.They can penetrate deep inside the human body where they can damage biological cells and thereby initiate a cancer.If they strike sex cells, they can cause genetic diseases in progeny.But the rate of the latter is far less than the former.Reactor accidents is also one of the risk of nuclear power.But the nuclear power plant design strategy for preventing accidents ,back-up system and mitigating their potential effects is “defence in depth”, so they happen

probability is exceedingly small.If they all fails,very high radiation doses can destroy body functions and lead to death within 60 days.The radioactive waste products from the nuclear industry must be isolated from contact with people for very long time periods.The bulk of the radioactivity is contained in the spent fuel, which is quite small in volume and therefore easily handled with great care.At other radiation problems，for example, exploitation of materials and transport of radioactive materials also produce radiation.The effects of routine releases of radioactivity from nuclear plants depend somewhat on how the spent fuel is handled.Key words：radiation，risks，reactor accidents，radioactive waste核電的風險 摘要： 核電的風險主要來自輻射對健康的危害，這些輻射主要來自于放射性材料。他們可以穿透人體深處,破壞生物細胞,從而引發(fā)癌癥；如果他們破壞生殖細胞,可能導致遺傳疾病。但是后者發(fā)生的概率遠小于前者。核反應堆事故也是核電的風險之一，由于具有縱深防御的策略，它們發(fā)生的幾率非常小。但是一旦發(fā)生，非常高的輻射劑量可以摧毀身體功能和在60天內(nèi)導致死亡。核工業(yè)的放射性廢物必須與人隔離很長時間，放射性的大部分包含在乏燃料，而且體積小，因此非常容易處理。在其它輻射問題上，如在核材料的開采和放射性物質(zhì)的運輸處理時也會產(chǎn)生輻射。但放射性物質(zhì)從核電站釋放的對人類健康的影響在某種程度上取決于它的處理方式。

關(guān)鍵詞：輻射、風險、核反應堆事故、放射性廢品。

Text 15

Genetically Modified Foods---Feed the World?

Abstract: In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives.Although there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved.However, in developing countries which desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations, the issue is simpler: do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks? There are nearly 800 million people around the world are undernourished.Biotech can also improve farming productivity in food shortages places.Many scientists believe biotech could raise overall crop productivity in developing countries as much as 25%.But in developing countries, poverty plays the largest role.Nor can biotech overcome the challenge of distributing food in developing countries.big companies are reluctant to share technology, people may not afford to buy the food too.More and more biotech research is being carried out in developing countries, and delivers biotech solutions for farmers in developing countries.Biotech is not a panacea, but it does promise to transform agriculture in many developing countries.If that promise is not fulfilled, the real losers will be their people.Key words :Biotech, agriculture, developing countries.轉(zhuǎn)基因食品----養(yǎng)活全世界的人？

文章摘要：事實上，轉(zhuǎn)基因食品已經(jīng)成為我們生活重要的一部分。盡管還有一些非常現(xiàn)實的問題需要解決。但在迫切想要養(yǎng)活其迅速增長的人口的發(fā)展中國家，問題比較簡單：生物技術(shù)的好處是否大于風險呢?世界上有近8億人口營養(yǎng)不良，而生物技術(shù)可以幫助提高因作物減產(chǎn)而出現(xiàn)食物匱乏的地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率。許多科學家認為，生物技術(shù)能夠把發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)業(yè)總產(chǎn)量提高25％。然而在發(fā)展中國家，貧窮才是罪魁禍首。生物技術(shù)也無法克服在發(fā)展中國家分配糧食的難題，大公司不愿分享技術(shù)，人民也不一定買得起這些食物。發(fā)展中國家正在進行越來越多的生物技術(shù)研究，以幫助農(nóng)民尋求生物技術(shù)方面的解決辦法。生物技術(shù)雖不是萬靈藥，但它確實有希望改造許多發(fā)展中國家的農(nóng)業(yè)。如果這種希望不能實現(xiàn)，真正的受害者將是這些國家的人民。

關(guān)鍵詞：生物技術(shù)，農(nóng)業(yè)，發(fā)展中國家。

第三篇：學術(shù)英語摘要

Vocabulary:

Toboggan: a fast sled used for sliding down snowy or icy hills.RV:(recdreational vehicle)large motor vehicle equipped with living space ,such as a toilet,kitchen,sleeping space,etc.Manifest destiny:American philosophy from the 19th century;belief that Americans have a destiny or fate to explore new areas and take over new lands.Hitchhike:

Cinco de mayo:it was a festival of Mexican,today it means freedom and independent

Grafitti:

Dive: a very cheap,often sketchy restaurant or bar

Cuckooa: man who is a stupid,incompetent fool

Pit stop: a break to get food or grass or use the bathroom.Idioms/Slang:

The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence: people tend to want whatever they don’t have.Have itchy feet:

Yellow fever:refer to westen men who like to date Asian women ,for example:John only dates Chinese girls,he denifite have yellow fever.Backseat driver: a passenger who gives unnecessary or annoying directions to the diriver.Dog days of summer: hot and humid weather,usually in late July.Digging a hole to China:1)to dig a hole.2)to have unrealistic goals or expectatry.If she thinks she can pass her drivers exam,she’s just digging a hole to

China.Get lobstered: get a very bad sunburn,turn bright red.Black gold: the oil

To shanghai: to kidnap, trick, or force someone to do something unwillingly.for example :I didn’t want to go to the movies last night, but my friend she

shanghai to me.Don’t eat yellow snow: don’t do things that obvious that is stupid or damage.Concepts:

1.Americans’ perception of Chinas

2.Road trip

3.Great Wall graffiti zone

4.Advice

5.new years resolutions

第四篇：學術(shù)英語范文

《學術(shù)英語》課程階段性作業(yè)：文獻綜述

學生姓名：學號：專業(yè)班級：完成日期：分數(shù)：

The influence of the earthquake disaster and earthquake disaster mitigation measures analysis

There are three main reasons for the earthquake hypothesis , namely “ elastic rebound ”, “the magma shock to say” ' said phase change.“These three hypotheses have some reasonable, but what causes earthquakes, pending further study

The Characteristics of earthquake disasterissudden and strong, destructive big , serious secondary disasters , far-reaching social , defense difficult.Sudden strong make it difficult to predict and the effect of prevention becomes weak.His devastating is to see, such as the Tangshan earthquake which caused 24.2 million deaths , injuries 16.4 million.The Secondary disasters such as fires , floods , tsunamis , landslides , mudslides , gas leaks, pandemics, radioactive contamination is also very scary.2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which has razed to the ground in several cities.Due to sudden strong earthquake , suffered heavy casualties, huge economic losses , tend to produce a chain reaction , causing a huge impact on a region or even a social life and the country 's economic activity , resulting in a profound impact on society.Compared with floods, droughts, typhoons and other weather disasters , earthquake prediction is much more difficult.At the same time , improve the seismic performance of buildings , requires a lot of capital investment , this is not a short period of time can do.Although it is difficult to predict the devastating earthquake , but there is a history of China successfully predicted miracle.At 19:36 on February 4, 1975 occurred in Liaoning Haicheng earthquake prediction is accurate , which makes more than 100 million people in southern Liaoning Province promptly evacuated their homes and workplaces.This success is due to the abnormal situation in a timely manner to collect a large number of earthquake precursors , and timely induction, analyze, summarize the results , thanks to good policies of prevention group prevention and measured.Haicheng earthquake prediction can be successful, professional workers contributed to the earthquake, but it was the implementation of ”mass monitoring and prevention" approach, also played a crucial role.Generally speaking, professional workers in the earthquake, earthquake forecasting long, medium, and have a good chance, but the short-term forecasting, grasp not so big.The earthquake disaster prevention, the short-term forecasting truly decisive.References:

1, The cause of the earthquake

2, The characteristics of earthquake disasters

3, NOVA: Wave That Shook The World—Site and special report shot within days of the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.4,changmengfei,Shockproof ,Please reference the historical experience[N].Procuratorate Daily, 2008-05-14.參考文獻：

1, 地震災害的成因

2,地震災害的特點

3,新星：波浪搖動了世界——直擊近日2004年的印度洋海嘯的現(xiàn)場特別報道 4, 常夢飛，防震.請借鑒歷史經(jīng)驗[N].檢察日報, 2008-05-14.

第五篇：學術(shù)英語

1.詞匯替換（這題全部出自課文后的formal words練習）

2.術(shù)語（20個的范圍準備，考試考10個。學生必須自己熟悉術(shù)語的含義，考試的時候

要求考生根據(jù)描述寫出術(shù)語。）

Iceberg Theory

2.Essay

3.Collective unconscious

4.Artistic merit

5.Literary theory

6.Gender studies

7.Figure of speech

8.Literary criticism

9.Genealogy

10.historical data

11.national identity

12.the pastness of the past

13.the Mandate of Heaven

14.historical consciousness

15.historiography

16.historian/historiographer

17.Paradox

18.epistemology

19.Metaphysics

20.formal developments 1.3.釋義（給學生8句的范圍準備，考試考2句）

1).The nature of artistic merit is less easy to define than to recognize.The writer need

not even pursue it to attain it.2).The test in individual cases would seem to be one of enduring satisfaction and, ofcourse, truth.3).By embracing literary theory, we learn about literature, but importantly, we are also

taught tolerance for other people’s beliefs.4).Although each reader’s theory and methodology for arriving at a text’sinterpretation differs, sooner or later groups of readers and critics declare allegiance

to a similar core of beliefs and band together, thereby founding schools of criticism.5).“History teaching by example” is one phrase that describes this use of a study of the past — a

study not only of certifiable heroes, the great men and women of history who successfully

worked through moral dilemmas, but also of more ordinary people who provide lessons in

courage, diligence, or constructive protest.6.The same aesthetic and humanistic goals inspire people to immerse themselves in efforts to reconstruct quite remote pasts, far removed from immediate, present-day utility.The method of conceptual analysis might sometimes seem picky, but unclarity or imprecision in our concepts is often what leads us into paradoxes and incoherence in our world views.Every claim, no matter where it comes from, is subject to scrutiny.Even common sense is not taken for granted, which leads

philosophers to put forward some very weird views.7.8.翻譯來自第六單元的A課文