第一篇：中國農業科學院考博英語真題2007答案解析

中國農業科學院考博英語真題2007答案解析

Part ⅠVocabulary Section A 1.C 譯文：經過數百年的自我實施專制后，中國已經在國際事務上占有一席之地，并進入了現代歷史的浪潮。

解析：cooperation合作；monopoly壟斷；dictatorship專政，專制；seclusion隱居。2.C 譯文：滿族人已經和保證雙方地位的貴族階層形成了聯盟。貴族人與普通平民區分開來，并且他們被給予政府部門中的專有職位特權。

解析：inclusive包含的；special 專用的，專門的；exclusive獨有的，專有的；especial特別的，尤其的。

3.C 譯文：理論科學是在物質環境中產生的，而應用則是思想的強力驅動力。照這樣看，他便是一位偉大的思想傳播者。

解析：encouragement 鼓舞；spur鼓舞，刺激；drive驅動，常用表達 a drive to sth；driving force驅動力，推動力，常用表達driving force for sth。

4.C 譯文：他們用來建立維護追隨者的方法與完成這樣的活動的展望也成為了現今中國政治行為的重要來源。

解析：precedents 引用單元；pioneer 先鋒；source來源；resource資源。

5.B 譯文：在他身上，有一個交匯點，一個斗爭的典型代表，因而他是一個真正的歷史人物。

解析：representation表現；representative代表，典型；symbol象征，標志；sign符合，記號。

6.B 譯文：社會穩定源于各種力量的微妙平衡。在這種連續的平衡中，可變因素已經得到了暫時的平衡。改變一個因素便會發生一系列改變和調整。

解析：saturation飽和；continuum連續體；continuation繼續；melting point熔點。a continuum of 連續的。

7.B 譯文：成功人士如何處理一種新文化取決于很多因素，如一個人的原始教育和即將修正的具體行為

解析：固定搭配，be contingent on 取決于，依賴于。此外句子的主句是一個從句，即主語從句，所以謂語動詞用單數。

8.D 譯文：因為中國的社會傳統強調個人與他的出生地和家庭的連接，所以那些公職人員對于將他們與他們的祖籍聯系在一起感到很懊喪。

解析：glue膠；feeling感覺；separation分離；attachment連接，聯系，attach to 連接到。

9.A 譯文：熟悉西方武器，歐洲官員的幫助以及蒸汽船的使用使得他的軍隊勝過當時的包括政府軍隊在內的其他軍隊。

解析：介詞固定搭配，be superior to優于，勝過。

10.B 譯文：地方上，通過風俗、禮儀、教育和組成社會行為的各種活動形式所呈現出的傳統支持穩定，阻止變化的趨勢。

解析：spell out 講清楚；manifest呈現，顯示；given 給予的；explain解釋。

11.B 譯文：通過對他成名階段的調查，發現他用來加強自身實力的方法和為了維護其權利的體制改革幫助我們解釋了官僚主義占主導的社會中的權利因素和權利力量。

解析：think of 想起；account for 解釋，說明；consider考慮；weigh權衡。

12.A 譯文：政府的失控源自于整個官僚機器的日漸無能，這正如一起的朝代循環一樣。這樣的能力下滑歸因于腐敗，腐敗在中國經常被提及。

解析：be ascribed to歸因于；result from由于，起因于result in 導致；cause引起。根據空處的意思，此處為被動，只有A在這里可以用被動。

13.B 譯文：不停地爭論策略問題后，李終于因為拒絕為茨奧設計他不以為然的紀念物而耗盡了茨奧的耐心。

解析： 固定搭配，take exception to不以為然，反對。

14.A 譯文：他對這座城市感到厭惡因為這城市受外國人影響太嚴重了。而他眼中的外國人是墮落而又不講道德的。

解析：unscrupulous寡廉鮮恥，不講道德的； in principle 大體上，原則上；out of principle 背離原則。

15.B 譯文：常勝軍隊附屬于組織欠妥、訓練不足、紀律不嚴的政府地方部隊。

解析：固定搭配，adjunct to 附屬于，部下。

Section B 16.D 譯文：美國專業學者和教授人問批判思維獨立思維是一種很有價值的技能，他們通常會因現在的學生缺乏這種能力而傷感遺憾。

解析：題目中的lament表達的是“遺憾”的意思，所以D“ regret strongly 深表遺憾”與題目意思相符。

17.D 譯文：現在需要的不是同新加坡與馬老西亞對亞洲價值爭論的版本一致的某種令人不快的民族主義拍胸脯，現在需要的是一個解釋來說明相同背景的文化價值既產生了發電機也產生了骰子。

解析：sober冷靜的；rhetoric花言巧語的；banal陳腐的； D very unpleasant 正是表達了題目中“不愉快的”的意思。

18.C 譯文： 非難指揮官的后果由他的弟弟承擔了。誹謗年輕的州長在向君王報告他的繼承人的死訊時犯錯了的謠言一出現時，南京戰場的硝煙便難以消散了。

解析：根據題目中的“voices arose”可知這個聲音就是指的后面的內容，malign本意指的是“誹謗某人”，而在此處，題中的意思是“所出現的關于州長的謠言”。所以答案為C“傳播謠言”。

19.B 譯文：雖然中央集權的武裝力量是他們連續執政的保障，但是軍隊只是管理機構的一部分，并且它易于腐敗墮落。

解析：根據題意，只有“ prone to 易于，傾向于”符合。A中“more likely to be corruption”才是正確的。

20.B 譯文：把全部力量放在南京在最早的可能時間里攻陷南京還是實現把力量用于解放上海的需要，這讓他很困擾。

解析：irritated生氣的；beset困擾的，表示某人因某事而困擾，符合題意；torn撕裂的；tortured折磨的。

21.D 譯文：當中國傳統歷史的體制問題與在西方影響下引入的新元素相融合時，由于處于帝國時期的末期，李的職業歷史便走向了一條特殊的道路。

解析：merged with 與?融合，結合。

22.D 譯文：在新的授權下通過王朝政權的新中央集權解決孔子思想的知識危機之前，西方沖擊所引起的孔子思想的知識危機破壞了社會秩序本身，這就讓社會秩序更容易受到政治體制瓦解的攻擊。

解析：functional功能的；malpractice 玩忽職守；integration集成，綜合；disintegration瓦解，崩潰。

23.B 譯文：政府所要求的質量帶有實在、道德倫理的本質，孔子傳統對于維持穩定、認可帝國統治是必不可少的，這便是保持孔子傳統的目的。

解析： useful有用的；essential 必不可少的；instrumental有幫助的；vital 極其重要的。雖然四個詞放在題目中均讀的通，但根據題意，我們選擇最合適的，即B。

24.C 譯文：學術準備的過程很艱難，它要求系統地通過一系列考試。考試中的成功決定了學位的授予，這在中國被認為是最可靠的財富和權利的來源。

解析：bestowal贈與；giving 給予；conferring文憑、學位的授予；offering提供。25.B 譯文：他們幫助官員組織項目，負責項目的維護，處理組織、指導和廣大勞動者的生計所涉及到的無數的細節。

解析：staff 職員；sustenance生計；ingredient原料，要素；component成分，組件。26.C 譯文：他完善了后來成為了李的武裝力量的模板的理論、哲學和模式。

解析：furnish提供；decorate 修飾；polish 使完美，完善；meditate冥想。27.A 譯文：當他通過合并當地力量來建立軍隊時。

解析：incorporate合并，吸收。“incorporate”這個動作是直接由句子的主語“he”來執行的，所以介詞by后面直接跟動詞的進行時。

28.D 譯文：這樣的情況符合有意教化的大部分模式。他強調把真誠和忠實作為主要的美德，并試圖撫平李性格中的不公正的部分。

解析：smooth光滑的；rough艱苦的，粗糙的；even平坦的； uneven不平衡的，不公正的，不正直的。

29.C 譯文：宜人的氣候，進入絲綢茶葉的主產地的便利以及鄰近國內主要的商業圈，讓上海比中國其他地區更能引起外國的注意。

解析：proximity to 鄰近某段。

30.B 譯文：由于匯票、還盤以及各方面的壓力的攀升，他要去哪里的問題又涌現出來了。

解析：固定搭配，come to the fore 出現。題中的句子只是只是一個普通的過去陳述句，所以選B。

Part Ⅱ Cloze Test 31.答案A

解析：固定詞組，commercial boom商業繁榮。32.答案B 解析：四個選項中的詞都有“過多，額外”的意思，又根據“production capacity生產能力”，可知此空表示的應該是“生產力過剩”，即“surplus production capacity”，所以答案為B。33.答案C 解析：前面提到生產力過剩將會消失，后面又提到增長率的下降，所以我們可知該空表達的是“勞動力區域短缺”，即“shrinking labor force”，因為生產力不足結合勞動力不足，就會導致增產率的下降，甚至招來金融危機。34.答案A 解析：該空前面一句的意思是“國民債務已經達到了GDP的160%”。所以該空的意思是“大量的勞動力的即將退休將會加劇這個問題”，四個選項中表示“加劇，惡化”的是A。D雖然也有此意，但形式不對，應該用動詞ing的形式。35.答案A 解析：如果要解決前面的問題，就必須增收賦稅。四個選項中hike, go up表示“提高”，但是“go up”是不及物動詞，只能表示“tax goes up”，所以答案為A。36.答案B 解析：warning signal 警告信號，warning sign通常表示警告牌，警告標志。37.答案C 解析：固定搭配，involvement in the economy經濟干預，經濟參與。38.答案D 解析：固定詞組，real estate房地產。39.答案C 解析：固定搭配，hostile merger and acquisition惡意并購，惡意收購。該句子的意思是“阻止惡意兼并”。40.答案B 解析：前面提到了日本對外商采取的措施：阻止外商通過參與日本經濟從中獲利；增加外商在日本房地產業的稅收；阻止惡意并購。這些措施都會阻止外商在日本的直接投資，所以表示“阻止”的是“B discourage”。

Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Passage one 41.答案 A 解析：根據第四段“commission”一詞的后面一句“said in an interview that his group is examining the policy debate on global warming.他的團體正在研究全球變暖的政治辯論”。可知四個選項中只有A的意思符合。42.答案 A 解析：根據“A Washington-based think tank has been soliciting critiques”可知“accuse the group of seeking to distort the latest evidence for global warming”中的“the group”指的是前面的“華盛頓智囊團”。所以答案為A。43.答案D 解析：根據第二段“Advocacy groups such as Greenpeace and the Public Interest Research Group”可知答案為D。44.答案 D 解析：根據第三段“Greenpeace spokeswoman Jane Kochersperger”可知答案為D。45.答案 B 解析：第六段“both of whom have questioned the need for caps on emissions of carbon dioxide and other gasses linked to global warming 二者皆懷疑限制二氧化碳和其它與全球變暖有關的氣體的釋放的需要”根據此意可知Kenneth Green認為沒有必要限制這些氣體的釋放，所以答案為B。46.答案C 解析：從文章的第一段我們便可知道文章的主題，第一段講到華盛頓的一群智囊團質疑新近發布的有關全球變暖的證據報告，這導致了一些學術家和環境主義者對此的反駁和與智囊團的爭辯。所以文章就是圍繞有關全球變暖的爭論開始的。

Passage two 47.答案 B 解析：“Their roots fix the soil in place, preventing it from being carried off with the fierce Sahelian winds and preserving arable land.”這句話的意思是：樹的根可以防止水土流失，阻止土壤被.薩赫勒地區的狂風刮走以及保護耕地。“arable”在這句的意思是“可耕種的”，所以四個選項中符合此意的是B。48.答案 D 解析：第一段“Severe drought in the 1970s and ’80s, coupled with a population explosion and destructive farming and livestock practices, was denuding vast swaths of land.”這句話提到了大面積的土地被剝奪的原因是“Severe drought in the 1970s and ’80s, coupled with a population explosion and destructive farming and livestock practices,”，并未提到D的內容。49.答案 D 解析：根據第二段“how relatively small changes in human behavior can transform the regional ecology, restoring its biodiversity and productivity.”可知答案為D。50.答案D 解析：根據第五段“in recent years the government has recognized the benefits of that outlook by allowing individuals to own trees”可知答案為D。51.答案 D 解析：根據倒數第四段“The farmers can sell the branches for money.They can feed the pods as fodder to their animals.They can sell or eat the leaves.They can sell and eat the fruits.”可知樹對農民的好處不包括D的內容。52.答案D 解析：根據倒數第三段“They also have extraordinary ecological benefits.Their roots fix the soil in place, preventing it from being carried off with the fierce Sahelian winds and preserving arable land”可知答案為D。

Passage three 53.答案 D 解析：文章開頭就提到了文章是辯論賽的決賽，那么辯論賽的現場應該是興奮而又喧鬧的，所以boisterous指的應該是“喧鬧的”，四個備選項中表示“喧鬧的”意思的是D“noisy”。54.答案 C 解析：文章第一段“the world turning their backs on injustice, losing sight of “our humanitarian obligation.The world is ”bickering over the terminology that is used to describe what Darfur is facing,”這是Cecile對整個世界的控訴，不是對美國的控訴。第二段的內容才是對美國的控訴，即“It all comes down to “people neglecting people.”所以答案為C。55.答案 A 解析：根據第四段“Emoni draws parallels between the Holocaust and current events in Africa by citing a lack of guidance, understanding and compassion.”，可知答案為A。56.答案B 解析：根據第六段“The situation in Darfur has primarily been ignored because the world lacks a powerful leader to get that message out”這句話中“get that message out”的意思是“將這個信息曝光，讓人們知道”，等同于“bring sth to light”所以答案為B。57.答案 A 解析：根據第七段“I think if people learn about it and they hear about it...if they understood it, then we can make a difference,” Emoni said, getting to the heart of her argument.”可知答案為A。58.答C 解析：根據倒數第二段“He can feel happy that his work, like, what he left behind, is still going on as if he was here today”，可知答案為C。

Passage four 59.答案 D 解析：最后一段講到：人們以前認為吃非季節性水果或蔬菜很奢侈，然而現在這些非季節性產品已經適應了供應的需求，因為人們使用農藥大量的生產非季節性水果或蔬菜。所以machine在這里的意思是表示“適應”，所以答案為D“condition 使適應”。60.答案 C 解析：根據第一段“It is what’s left after all the other criteria for a good commercial tomato have been met: disease resistance, regular shape, consistent ripening, the ability to withstand picking and packing and shipping, a long shelf life.”可知C不在此標準內。61.答案 C 解析：根據第二段“the UglyRipe may be a better tomato.After all, its growers have selected for better taste, not perfect shape.”可知答案為C。62.答案A 解析：根據第二段“but it still uses methyl bromide, a powerful, ozone-depleting pesticide to fumigate the soil.”可知答案為A。63.答案 C 解析：根據最后一段“the use of methyl bromide was supposed to be phased out completely by January 2005”，“be phased out 逐漸淘汰，逐漸停止”,可知答案為C。64.答案C 解析：文章從西紅柿的種植開始，到最后一段講到農藥的使用，才涉及到了文章的主題“the truth is that there is no luxury——nor critical use——in it”這里的it指的便是環境。這些關鍵性的使用和奢侈的代價絕沒有破換環境的代價大。所以答案為C。

Passage five 65.答案 C 解析：根據第一段“A type of cell that floats freely in the amniotic fluid of pregnant women has been found to have many of the same traits as embryonic stem cells, including an ability to grow into brain, muscle and other tissues that could be used to treat a variety of diseases,”可知A,B,C均是胚胎干細胞的特征，只有C沒有提到。66.答案 D 解析：根據第二段“The cells, shed by the developing fetus and easily retrieved during routine prenatal testing,”可知答案為D。67.答案 C 解析：根據第三段“because the cells are a genetic match to the developing fetus, tissues grown from them in the laboratory will not be rejected”，可知答案為C。68.答案D 解析：根據第五段“embryonic ones that can morph into virtually any kind of tissue but are difficult to tame”可知答案為D。69.答案 A 解析：根據“Atala and other scientists emphasized that they don't believe the cells will make embryonic stem cells irrelevant.”和“ “There's not going to be one shoe that fits all,” said Robert Lanza, ”，可知 Robert Lanza，Atala and other scientists 的觀點是一致的，他不認為這種新型細胞是萬能的，會代替胚胎干細胞的所有功能，使之變得不相干。所以題干中的這句話實際上是在支撐前面的科學家的那句話“they don't believe the cells will make embryonic stem cells irrelevant.”。所以答案為A。70.答案A 解析：“retrieve“這個詞出現在“easily retrieved during routine prenatal testing”，這句話表達的是“在常規產前檢查中容易取出這種細胞做檢查”。所以表達此意的是A。

Part Ⅳ Translation Section A 英譯中

當然，一個民族質疑它的方向，希望保存其很多傳統價值觀是沒有錯的。此外，日本不可能恢復過去詭秘、反競爭的政策。因為改革的進程已經很深，而企業行為也已發生了翻天覆地的變化。但考慮到前方巨大的財政和金融挑戰，政府管制工作和私企改組上的一絲怠慢便會造成永久性的災難。現在不是日本故步自封的時候。

Section B中譯英

During the eleven years between 1992 and 2003, scientist applied farmers’ method to the growing of rice and controlled all the possible factors that would have an influence on good harvest, exclusive of temperature and carbon dioxide.Average night temperature was 1.8 Fahrenheit higher than that outside on the farm of the institute.As a result, rice yield declined by 10% on average.Therefore, the scientists reached a conclusion that hotter night may speed up rice respiration and consume energy by increasing the activity of rice.Part Ⅴwriting

Agricultural Technology Plays an Important Part in the Building of the New Countryside.Nowadays, with advanced developments in technology, technology is broadly applied to every aspect of agriculture.It has been bringing the changes of agricultural management, production and distribution.thus to a great extent, technology facilitate the construction of new countryside.To be frank, technology is very important when it comes to scientific farming.Agricultural technology has become the most effective means and tools for enhancing agricultural productivity and for making use of full agricultural resources.Agricultural information technology had been developing fast in all countries of China.For example, long time ago, when farmers went to work in the field, they had to do farm work by the means of tools such as a spade, shovel and hoe.These tools are really ineffective.Thus usually it took much time for them to finish the work.Besides, when it came to killing insects on a farm, farmers had to bear a spraying box of agricultural chemical to kill pesticides.Actually it was time-consuming and dangerous, for farmers were easy to get poisoned by the agricultural chemical.However, now changes happen in agriculture.Farmers do not need to do the farm work by themselves with the advent of weeding machine and large spraying equipment.Farming work is becoming more and more time-saving and effective.At the same time, farmers can gain more from farming to live a better life.From the benefits farmers obtain, we can know that how important the use of technology in agriculture is and its facilitation to the construction of new countryside.Therefore, In order to facilitate the construction of new countryside and make rural citizens live prosperous, more technologies should be applied to agriculture.

第二篇：中國農業科學院考博英語真題2004答案解析

中國農業科學院考博英語真題2004答案解析

Part ⅡVocabulary

1.A 譯文：他在這個領域的成就的功勞必須歸于他的導師方教授

解析：credit榮譽，功勞；reputation名譽，聲望；respect尊敬；praise贊美。2.D 譯文：由于我們無法再等我們定的貨，所以不得不取消訂單。

解析：postpone推遲；refuse拒絕；accept接受；cancel取消。

3.C 譯文：年輕人中存在著很高的工作流動性，因為他們今天辭掉這個工作明天就會找一個新的。

解析：固定搭配，quit work 辭職，停止工作；depart離開，出發；reject排斥；quit辭職，放棄；leave離開。

4.C 譯文：由于天氣惡劣必須放棄尋找失蹤的船。

解析：release 釋放，發射；resign辭職；abandon 放棄，斷念；surrender使投降。5.B 譯文：人們開的車可能是為了顯示他的身份或社會地位。

解析：curiosity好奇心；status身份，地位；importance重要性；reputation聲望。四個選項中與social position是一類詞的只有B。

6.A 譯文：創造力是指利用現存的資源產生獨創與有益的方案、思想和產品。

解析：creativity 創造力；productivity 生產力；application應用；combination組合。7.D 譯文：有時藝術家發現讓他們的作品贏得大眾的欣賞很難。

解析：popular appetite 大眾口味，在題目中指的事“贏得大眾的喜愛”。Welcome歡迎；

applause喝彩；appetite愛好，喜愛，胃口；appreciation欣賞，感謝。

8.A 譯文：面臨著項目的失敗，投資商將忍受著高達三千萬的損失。

解析：in the face of面對??；in time of??時期；in the event of如果??發生；in the course of在??期間。

9.D 譯文：為什么我們有些人擅長數學或寫作，而其他人擅長藝術和籃球。

解析：work at 致力于；gaze at凝視；aim at目的在于；excel at擅長，突出。10.A 譯文：噴氣式飛機快速地升上天空，很快便消失在我們的視線中了。

解析：固定搭配，ascend into升上，升到；launch發射，在句中，若要用launch，則要用被動語態；assess 評價；descend下降。

11.C 譯文：長城是一個很好的觀光勝地，每年吸引著全球各地無數的人來觀光。

解析：tourist attraction觀光勝地。

12.B 譯文：現在殘疾人能夠關注他們的很多需求，上學和維持工作。

解析：pursue education 追求教育，上學。

13.A 譯文：當他知道他發現了一個真正的真品時，湯姆難以掩飾自己的興奮。

解析：conceal掩飾，掩藏；reveal展現；show顯示；discover暴露。

14.B 譯文：男女之間，貧富之間的目標和欲望大相徑庭。

解析：vary widely大不相同，大相徑庭；swing搖擺，轉向；distinguish區分，辨別；

transfer轉讓。

15.D 譯文：當地官方似乎要為上周發生的事故負責。

解析：to blame該受責備，承擔責任。

16.C 譯文：世貿中心遭遇的襲擊給那些目睹爆炸場面的人留下了持久的印象。

解析：固定搭配，leave a lasting impression 留下持久的印象，深刻的印象。17.B 譯文：計算機科技的全面影響在接下來的幾年將會讓人們感受到。

解析：固定短語考察，full impact 全面影響。18.C 譯文：自動化的出現必然會帶來重大的社會影響。

解析：固定短語，be bound to 必然，一定會；frightful 可怕的；compelled 強迫的。19.A 譯文：通過和平手段實現統一是我們的一貫政策。

解析：固定搭配，consistent policy一貫的政策；considerate體貼的；certain確定的；decisive果斷的。

20.D 譯文：調查顯示相當多數量的十五歲的孩子每周要吸二十根煙。

解析：substantial numbers of相當數量的，很多很多的。21.C 譯文：化學與其他科目如物理生物等有著緊密的聯系。

解析：correspond with 符合，一致；be concerned with涉及到；be correlated with與?相互關聯或聯系；cooperate with與某人合作。

22.A 譯文：事故發生的幾分鐘內警察就對緊急情況做出了反應。

解析：respond to做出回應、反應； reply to回答，回復；adjust to 適應于；appeal to 呼吁，上訴。

23.C 譯文：對熱帶雨林的破壞被譴責為環境的災難。

解析：blame責備；declare聲明、宣稱，be declared as聲明為或稱為?；condemn譴責；appeal呼吁，請求。

24.B 譯文：害羞的人絕不會自發地去吸引別人的注意。

解析：willingly欣然地，樂意地；voluntarily 自愿地，自發地；decidedly斷然地；deliberately故意地，有意地。

25.A 譯文：最近的生產障礙導致銷售下滑，因而利潤也下降了。

解析：decline下滑，下降；increase增加，上漲；break破壞；maintain維持。

26.B 譯文：參加世界常務委員會發起的演講的人數增加了，這讓廣大人民開始關注國際事務了。

解析：develop開發；sponsor贊助，發起；advance使前進；promote促進。27.D 譯文：還不是晚，但得采取及時的行動。

解析：right對的，恰當的；urgent緊急的；hurry匆忙，倉促；prompt迅速的，及時的。28.B 譯文：他渴望支配其他人，這給他的家庭帶來了麻煩。

解析：please取悅；dominate支配，控制；force強迫，強加；urge催促，力勸。29.C 譯文：有關人士想將得癌癥的危險減到最小

解析：take the risk of 冒著危險；decrease減少；minimize the risk將風險減到最低；

claimed聲稱，宣稱。

30.A 譯文：受傷嚴重的士兵沒有優先治療那些輕微的傷。

解析：take priority over 優先于?；表示不優先于over后面的內容，而是take前面的內容要優先于over 后的內容。

31.D 譯文：仍然不是很清楚到底是什么引起了他們之間的一系列爭論。

解析：contribute貢獻，出力；mark標志；ignite 點燃，燃燒；trigger引發，引起。32.B 譯文：為了現在的生存和將來的繁榮興旺，所有的工作人員必須不斷地為你的公司的每一個方面創造出新的思想。

解析：maximize最大化；thrive繁榮，興旺；measure 估量，測量；remain保持，依然。

33.D 譯文：人類可能會破壞自然平衡，但有時，自然也會進行可怕的報復。

解析：take a revenge報復，復仇。

34.A 譯文：她將高失業率作為政府政策失敗的證據。

解析：cite?as?將?作為?；cite 引用，引證；recite背誦；list列出；lift舉起。35.C 譯文：自從日本開始重視教育和科技創新后，它的經濟就有了高速發展。

解析：attach importance to重視，著重于。

36.C 譯文：這個政策為私人產業讓路，導致了貧富之間的差距。

解析：give way to讓路于，屈服于，讓步；give birth to生孩子，產生.37.C 譯文：人類不應該以生態環境為代價發展經濟。

解析：at the expense of 以?為代價；at the mercy of 任憑，受支配。38.D 譯文： 我們應該為我的的孩子和孫子保持最好的道德觀念。

解析： replace代替；remain留下，保持，一般為不及物動詞，后面不接賓語；generate 發生，產生；preserve保存，保留。

39.A 譯文：合適的穿衣在生意上關系重大，這就是為什么大多數生意人都穿得很正式的原因。

解析：count for價值；count for much關系重大；account for解釋，說明；allow for顧及，考慮； care for照顧，關心

40.A 譯文：他在車禍中傷得很嚴重，而這場車禍的產生要歸于踩錯了剎車。

解析：be attributed to歸因于；contribute to有助于，貢獻；be to blame該受責備，承擔責任；be applied to 應用到?。

Part ⅢReading Comprehension Passage 1 41.答案D

解析：文章第一段就說明了，在以前秘書都是男性，因為人們認為女性在辦公室的出現會影響其他員工的工作。42.答案C 解析：由第四段可以得到答案。43.答案B 解析：John Bowman得到這份秘書工作是因為“He was the only applicant”。44.答案A 解析：參看文章倒數第四段最后一句話。45.答案A 解析：作者在文章最后一句話中指出，女性也將能勝任男性所從事的這項工作。

Passage 2 46.答案C 解析：文章介紹的就是商業競爭的四種基本形式。47.答案D 解析：由文章第二段容易得到答案。48.答案A 解析：第四段中“tolerated”的意思是“允許”，所以答案為A。49.答案 A 解析：作者的意思是，雖然也會出現顧客受益的價格戰，但所有的公司聯合起來提高價格也是很常見的。50.答案B 解析：“serious competition?it would?in the group．”這句話中的“it”顯然指代前面的“serious competition”。

Passage 3 51.答案D 解析：第一段中作者介紹Rogers是一個拼命工作并對員工要求苛刻的老板，作者以最快的速度的離開了那個家公司。可見作者不喜歡在Rogers手下那份工作。52.答案C 解析：從第二段的前兩句話可以得到答案。53.答案A 解析：答案顯然是A。54.答案 C 解析：作者以為那個人是Rogers，即他曾經的老板。55.答案D 解析：很顯然，根據作者的前同事所了解的情況，他認為那個人很可能就是Rogers。

Passage 4 56.答案 C 解析：在第三段中作者表示：“I was going to be a complete engineer：technical genius and sensitive humanist all in one．”作者選擇藝術類院校讀書正是因為他想成為一個把工程技術和人文科學完美結合的優秀人才。57.答案 A 解析：“I wanted to open my eyes?Science or engineering．”作者認為同學藝術的人交往可以開闊視野，增長見識。58.答案B 解析：在作者看來，一個成功的工程類學生應該不僅應該具有技術才能，更需要有廣闊的視野。

59.答案 D 解析：故事的最后，作者的美好理想在現實中破滅。所以他的理想固然是好，但卻是不切實際的。60.答案 B 解析：結合上下文，很顯然這個“they”是指代前一句話中的“engineering and the liberal arts”。

Passage 5 61.答案C 解析：C最全面的概括了全文的主題。62.答案D 解析：第一段中作者已經定義了slang：“refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as appropriate formal usage by the majority”。63.答案A 解析：“but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity．”這句話的意思是有些俚語只流行一時，隨后就會消失。“obscurity”在這里是“消隱，隱退”的意思。

64.答案 D 解析：D 在文章第三段介紹俚語產生的三個條件之中，并沒有大量的語言學家這一條件。

65.答案C 解析：從最后一段可以看出來作者是贊成在合適的場合使用slang和Colloquial speech的。

Passage 6 66.答案 A 解析：A項的意思是“一個人口袋里存不住錢”，當然與原文不符；B選項的意思是“錢不會長在樹上”，C選項意思是“錢要好好地花”，D選項意思是“錢能生錢”都與原文意思一致。

67.答案 C 解析：由第三段可以得到答案。68.答案A 解析：文章第四段講述的就是Awareness of their identity，從“But case histories repeatedly show that a sense of community is essential for long-term survival．”這句話可以得到答案。69.答案 D 解析：A、B、C都是W．R．Grace曾經或正在經營的項目，文章說W．R．Grace曾經創立航空公司，但并非經營飛機。

70.答案 B 解析：文章倒數第二段講述的就是跨國公司的生存之道，段落最后一句話“Multinationals must be willing to change in order to succeed．”就是這段內容的一個小結，意思是跨國公司要想成功就必須學會變通。

Part ⅣWriting

On College Admission

It is a hot topic in recent years whether to offer college admission to every high school graduate or to select excellent students by means of examinations.In my opinion, the answer to this argument depends on the purpose of college education.College is a special place in which students are trained to enrich their knowledge and develop the ability to reason and explore the world.Though it cannot be denied that college students should also learn to adapt themselves into the real society, mastering academic skills is still their chief task, for knowledge is the basis of the work we would take in the future.Since students will learn much more difficult knowledge in college, not every high school graduate could digest and assimilate what would be taught in college classes, not to mention putting these theories into practical application.Thus, my standpoint is that admission to college should be offered by examinations because educationists have still failed to devise anything more efficient and reliable than examinations and the methods of testing a person's knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.Here examination is not just examination itself, it could reveal a person's comprehensive capacities as well.Generally speaking, students getting high marks are also those with outstanding traits.However, I am not intending to put too much emphasis on examinations.College is at a unique stage of connecting school and society and examination is not the only way to prepare our students for the future.But in most cases, we have to admit that examination is indeed an effective and useful method of selecting persons with excellent abilities.

第三篇：2014年中國農業科學院分子生物學考博試題

2014年中國農業科學院分子生物學考博試題

一、名詞解釋（20分）：

1、Immunity of phage2、PrP SC3、3’-UTR4、VNTR5、Allele6、restriction map7、blue-white screening8、wobble hypothesis9、The stringent factor RelA10、siRNA

二、簡答題（30分）：

1、如何添加Poly（A），Poly（A）的功能及其應用？

2、DNA指紋分析技術

3、抗生素如何在蛋白質合成的特殊階段抑制其合成？

4、舉例說明限制位點多態性的遺傳規律符合孟德爾定律。

三、論述題（50分）：

1、繪制λ噬菌體的線狀圖譜，試陳述溶源狀態、裂解狀態的形成原因。

2、蛋白質組學研究中所用的方法及原理。

3、何種因素負責T-DNA進入、浸染植物？

4、決定人類血型的分子機制？

5、反義RNA的作用機理及其生物學意義。

第四篇：2013年中國農業科學院基因工程概論考博試題

2013年中國農業科學院基因工程概論考博試題

一、名詞解釋（20分）：

尾部序列、分子伴侶、銜接體、重復基因、噬菌粒載體、RNA差異表達、啟動子封堵、反式作用、拓撲異構酶、選擇性剪接。

二、簡答題（30分）：

1、寫出原核生物和真核生物mRNA的序列和結構；

2、基因剔除的概念和原理；

3、RNA編輯的概念和方式；

4、基因5’側翼序列的功能；

5、噬菌體展示載體的概念和在基因工程中的運用。

三、論述題（50分）：

1、上世紀70年代基因工程的理論基礎和技術基礎是什么？

2、在大腸桿菌中表達真核基因的優缺點和解決辦法？

3、mRNA差異顯示的原理和優缺點？

4、解釋蛋白質剪接、內含肽、外顯肽的概念？

5、轉基因水稻產業化前景？

第五篇：中國人民大學-考博英語真題

中國人民大學——英語2004年博士研究生入學考試試題

客觀題部分

請用鉛筆將此部分試題的答案填涂在答題卡上，否則無效！II.Vocabulary(10 points)PartA(5 points)Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices

marked iL B, C arm 1).Choose the:one thatbest completes the

sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across

the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1.Example: She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ A.previously B.vLrtually

C.primarily D.domestically The sentence should read,;“She prefers foreign wine to that produce domesticany.” Therefore, you should choose D.Sample Answer

[A] [B] [C] [D]

1.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__

patriotism.A.obsolete

B.aggressive C.harmonious D.amiable Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts.A.dilemmas B.countenances C.concessions D.junctions 3.People innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power.A.strive

B.ascertain

C.justify D.adhere 4.Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife

for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.A.conservation B.maintenance C.storage

D.reserve 5.According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking 15 points.last month, to its lowest level in 9 years.A.soared

B.mutated

C.plummeted D.fluctuated 6.Melissa is a computer___ that destroyed files in computers and

frustrated thousands of users around the world.A.genius

B.vires

C.disease

D.bacteria 7.The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the.worst form of

competition in schools.A.negligent B.edible

C.fabulous D.disproportionate 8.The boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how his

grandparents lived.A.reconciled

B.consolidated C.deteriorated

D.attributed 9.During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance to

practice his Chinese.A.passed on B.passed up C.passed by D.passed out 10.When a person dies, his debts must be paid before his ____ can be

distributed.A.paradoxes B.legacies

C.platitudes D.analogin Part B(5 points)Directions: In each of the following sentences there is one word or phrase

underlined.Below the sentence are four choices marked A, B, C, and

D.Choose the one that is closest in meaning to the underiined part.Mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square

bracket on ANSWER SHEET I.Example: The secretary is Very competent;she can finish all these letters within one

..;.,ca, ODe bour.A.careful

B.industrious C.clever

D.capable In this sentence, “competent” is closest-;n m e:zting to “capable”.Therefore you should choose D.Sample Answer

[A] [B] [C] [DD] 11.He claims that advertising today tends to portray women in traditional

roles such as cooking or taking care of the baby.A.depict

B.advocate

D;criticize D.analyze 12,.They achieved more than they had eyer dreamed, lending a magic tO their family story that no tale or ordinary life could possibly rival.A.confirm B.achieve C.match

D exaggerate

13.The most urgent thing is to find a dump.for those toxic____ industrial wastes.A.imminent B.recyclable C.smelly D.poisonous i4.British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would nor be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N.sanction.A.allies

B.delegates C.voters

D.juries

15.The analysis suggests that the tradeoff between our :children's college and our own retirement security is ,chilling.A.frightening B.promising

C.freezing D.revealing 16.Their signing of the treaty was regarded as a conspiracy against the British Crown.A.secret plan B.bold attack

C.clever design D.joint effort 17.Evidence, reference, and foomotes by the thousand testify to a scrupulous researcher who does considerable justice to a full range of different beorefical and political positions.A.trustworthy B.intelligent

C.diligent D.meticulous 18.Despite their spartan, isolated lifestyle, them are no stories of women being raped or wanton violence against civilians in the region.A.intriguing B.exasperating: C.demonstrative D.unprovoked 19.The gang derived their nickname from their dark clothing and blacked up faces for.nocturnal raids in the forest.A.illegal

B.night-time

C, brutal D.abusive 20.Though sometimes too lazy to work as hard as her sisters, Linda has a more avid fondness for the limelight, A.mercurial B, gallant

C.ardent D.frugal III.Cloze(10 points)Directions : Read the following passage.Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on Answer Sheet I.Like many other aspects of the computer age, Yahoo began as an idea, ___ 21 ___ into a hobby and Iately has ____22 ____ into a full-time passion.The two developers of Yahoo, David Filo and Jerry Yang, Ph.D candidates ___ 23 _ Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, started theirguide in April 1994 as a way to keep 24 of their personal interest on the Intemet.Before long they ___25 ___ that their home,brewed lists were becoming too long and ____ 26____ Gradually they began to spend more andmore time on Yahoo.During 1994, they ____ 27____ yahoo into a customized database designed to____28_____ the needs of the thousands of users____29____ began to use the service through the closely ___ 30____ Intemet community.They developed customized software to help them___ 31 ___ locate, identify and edit material ___32___ on the Intemet.The name Yahoo is ____ 33____ to stand for “Yet

Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle”.but Filo and Yang insist they selected the ___34 ___ because they considered themselves yahoos.Yahoo? itself first ___ 35 ___ on Yang's workstation, “akebono”, while the search engine was ___ 36 ___ on Filo's computer, “Konishiki”.In early 1995 Marc Andreessen, co-founder of Netscape Communication in Mountain View, California, invited Filo and Yang to move their files ___ 37___ to larger computers ___38____ at Netscape.As a result Stanford's computer network returned to ___ 39___ , and both parties benefiasc.Today, Yahoo___ 40 ___ organized information on tens of thousands of computers linked to the web.1.A.became

B.grew

C.mm

D.intend 2.A.made

B.saw

C.looked

D.turned 3.A.in

B.on

C.about

D.fer 4.A.touch

?.contact

C.n-ack

D.record 5.A.founded

E.found

C.argued

D.reported 6.A.unwieldy

B.tough

C.tamable

D invaluable

7.A.exchanged

B.shank

C.sold

D.converted 8.A.explain

B.serve

C.discover

D.evaluate 9.A.which

B.that

C.actually

D.eagerly 10.A.relative

B.interactive C.bound

D.contacted 11.A.fluently

B.efficiently C.exactly

D.actually 12.A.transmitted B.purchased C.sold

D.13.A.about

B.bound

C.going

D.supposed I4.A.fable

B.model

C.name

D.brand 15.A.supported

B.resided

C.lived

D.launched 16.A.connected B.lodged

C.introduced D.linked 17.A.over

B, away

C.inside

D.beneath 18.A.housed

B.caught

C.hosed

D.bidden 19.A.average

B.normal

C.ordinary

D.equal 20.A.attains

B.detains

C.maintains D.contains IV.Reading Comprehension(20 points)Directions: Read the following passages, decideon the best one of the choices marked A, B, C, and D for each question or unfinished statement and then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1

Guthrie's contiguity principle offers practical suggestions for how to break babies.One application of the thrcshoM method involves the time young children spend on academic activities.Young children have short attention spans, so the length of time they can sustain work on one activity is limited.Most activities are scheduled to last no longer than 30 to 40 minutes.However, at the start of the school year, attention spans quickly wane and behavior problems often

result.To apply Gutiarie's theory, a teacher might, at the start of the year, limit activities to 15 to 20 minutes.Over the next few weeks the teacher could gredually increase the time students spend working on a single activity.The threshold methoci also can be applied to teaching printing abd handwriting.When children first learn to form letters, their movements awkward and they lack free motor coordination.The distances between lines on a page are purposely wide so children can fit the letters into the space.If paper with narrow lines is initially introduced, students' letters would spill over the borders and students might become frustrated.Once students can form letters

within the larger borders, they can use paper with smaller borders to help them refine their skills.The fatigue method can be applied when disciplining disruptive students

who build paper airplanes and sail them across the room.The teacher can remove the students from the classroom, We them a large stack of paper, and tell them to start making paper airplanes.After the students have made several

airplanes, the activity should lose its attraction and paper will become a cue for not building airplanes.Some students continually race around the gym when they first enter their physical education class.To employ the fatigue method, theteacher might decide to have these students continue to run a few more laps after the class has begun.The incompatible response method can be used with students who talk and

misbehave in the media center.Reading is incompatible with talking.The media center teacher might ask the students'to find interesting books and read them while in the center.Assuming that the studentS find the books enjoyable, the media center will, over time, become a cue for selecting and reading books rather than for talking with other students.In a social studies class some students regularly fall asleep.The teacher realized that using the board and overhead projector while lecturing was very

boring.Soon the teacher began to incorporate other elements into each lesson, such as experiments, videotapes, and debates, in an attempt to involvs students and raise their interest in the course.41.The purpose of this passage is to___ A.inform B.persuade

C.debate

D.narrate 42.Guthrie identified three methods for__ A.educating students

B.altering bad habits C.avoiding undesired action

D.forming good hobbies 43.Which of the following is not the example of applying the threshold method? A.Parents introduce spinach in small bites or mixed with a food than the

child enjoys over time so that the child will not refuse to eat it.B.Teachers introduce academic content in short blocks of time for young

children and gradually increase session length but not to where students

become frustrated or bored.C.Paper with wider lines is first used and then paper with narrow lines is

introduced step by step to help children learn printing and handwriting.D.A child might be made to throw toys until it is no longer fan by his

parents in order to change his behavior of repeatedly throwing toys.44.To stop snacking while watching television, people should keep their hands busy by sewing, painting, working crossword puzzles, and so forth.Over time.watching TV becomes a cue for engaging in an activity other than snac 'king.What method is used in this example? A.The threshold method.B.The fatigue method.C.The incompatible response method.D.The punishment method.45.We can draw the conclusion from the passage that A.The incompatible response method is to force child to make unwanted

response repeatedly in presence of stimulus until he or she becomes

exhausted B.The threshold method refers to introducing undesired behavior with a

response incompatible with the undesired response so they can not be

performed simultaneously

C.The fatigue method means that engaging in the behavior is transformde

into avoiding it by introducing the stimulus at full strength so it becomes

a cue for not performing it D.The fatigue method is that in presence of stimulus teachers have child

make response incompatible with unwanted response Passage 2 The increase in global trade means that international companies cannot afford to make costly advertising mistakes if they want to be competitive.Understanding the language and culture of target markets in foreign countries is one of the keys to successful international marketing.Too many companies, however, have jumped into foreign markets with embarrassing wralts.Translation mistakes are at the heart of many blunders in international advertising.General Motors, the US auto manufacturer, got a costly lesson when it introduced its Chevrole Nova to the Puerto Rican market.“Nova” is Latin for new(star)“ and means ”star“ in many languages, but in spoken Spanish it can sound like ”no va“, meaning ”it doesn't go“.Few people wanted to buy a car with that cursed meaning.When GM changed the name to Caribe, sales picked up” dramatically.Marketing blunders have also been made by food and beverage companies.3ne American food company's friendly “Jolly Green Giant”(for advertising ,egetables)became something quite different when it was translated into Arabic as “Intimidating Green Ogre”.When translated into German Pepsi's popular slogan, “Come Alive with Pepsi” came out implying “Come Alive from the Grave”.No wonder customers in Germany didn't rush out to buy Pepsi.Successful international marketing doesn't stop with good ranslafions--,-other aspects of culture must be researched and understood ff aarketers are to avoid blunders.When marketers do not understand and appreciate the values, tastes, geography, climate, superstitions, religion, or economy of a culture, they fail to capture their target market.For example, an American designer tried to introduce a new pentare ihto the Latin American market but the product aroused little interest.The mail reason was that the camellia used in it was traditionally used for funerals in many South American countries.Having awakened to the special nature of foreign advertising, companies are becoming much more conscientious in their translations and more sensitive to cultural distinctions.The best way to prevent errors is to hire professional translators who understand the target language and its idiomatic usage, or to use a technique

called “back translation” to reduce the possibility of blunders.The process uses one person to translate a message into the target language and another to translate it back.Effective translators aim to capture the, overall message of an advertisement because a word-for-word duplication of the original rarely conveys the intended meaning and often causes misunderstandings.In designing advertisements for other countries, messages need to be shot and simple.They should also avoid jokes, since what is considered funny in one part of the world may not be so humorous in another.46.The best title of this passage might be __.A.Culture Is Very Important ia Advertishag B.Avoid Cultural Misunderstanding between Nations C.Overcome Cultural Shock in Different Countries D.Advertisements Reflect Various Life Styles 47.What does the word “blunder” mean in this passage? A.hesitation B.mistake C.stutter D.default 48.Which of the following statements can be used to summarize the gist from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 6? A.Cultural shocks

B.Faulty translations C.Avoid cultural oversights D.Prevent blunders 49.We can learn from the context in Paragraph 9 that the word “ca ” most probably mean____ A.an animal used in perfume for its smell B.a piece of fabric used both in perfume and at funerals C.a flower used in perfume for its fragrance and used for funerals D.an nrnament used in prefume and at funerals 50.One way to prevent errors in advertising in different countries is to___ A.fire the translators who don't know the target language.B.use the technique called “literal translation” to reduce the possibility of

blunders C.avoid cultural oversights and avoid certain jokes D.explain in details when designing advertisement for other countries Passage 3 It is not unusual for chief executives to collect millions of dollars a year in pay, stock options, and bonuses.In the last fifteen years, while executive remuneration rose, taxes in the highest income bracket went down.Millionaires are now commonplace.Amiability is not a prerequisite for rising to the top, and there are a number of chief executive officers with legendary bad tempers.It is not the boss's job to worry about the well-being of his subordinates although the man with many enemies wi！be swept out more quickly in hard times;it is the company he worries about.His business savvy is supposed to be based on intimate knowledge of.his company and the industry.so he goes home nightly with a full briefcase.At the very topexecutives are exceedingly dedicated.The American executive must be capable of enough small talk to get him through the social part of his schedule, but he is probably not a highly cultured individual or an intellectual.Although his wife may be on the board of the symphony or opera, he himself has little time for such pursuits.His reading may largely concern business and management, despite interests in other fields.Golf provides him with a sportive outlet that combines with some useful socializing.These days, he probably attempts some form of aerobic exercise to “keep the old heart in shape” and for the same reason goes easy on butter and alcohol, and substances thought to contribute to taking highly stressed executives out of the running.But his doctor's admonition to “take it easy” falls on deaf eyes.He likes to work.He knows there are younger men nipping at his heels.Corporate head-hunting, carried on by “executive search fares,” is a growing industry.America has great faith in individual talent, and dynamic and aggressive executives are so in demand that companies regularly raid each other's managerial ranks.51.We can infer from the second paragraph that___

A.promotion depends on amiability

B.chief executives do not work hard enough at the top level

C.it is the duty of the chief executive to look after the well-being of his

subordinates

D.a chief executive is expected to know more about his company and the

industry 52.The term “aerobic exercise”(fa'st line in second last paragraph)is a kind Of

____

A.hallucination exercise

B.physical exercise

C.meditation exercise

D.entertainment 53.From the last paragraph we can gather that ____

A.there are too many aggressive executives

B.individual talent is not essential for a company

C.the job of an “executive search rum” is corporate head-hunting

D.it is not common for companies to undermine each other's managerial

ranks 54.For executives, according to the article, a golf course is a pl where ________

A.they can conduct their business

B.they can indulge themselves

C.they can cultivate their mind

D.they can exercise as well as socialize 55.What is NOT tree according to the article? A.Executives tend to ignore doctors' advice and warnings.B.Executives are sensitive to pressure from the younger generation.C.All chief executives can earn millions of dollars a year.D.Executives are careful of what they eat.Passage 4 In November 1970 Yukio Mishima, together withsome of his fanatical followers from the ultranationalistic Shield Society WhiCh.he had four, dod in 1966, broke into the headquarters of Japan's Eastern Defense Forces armed with swords and daggers, overpowered some aides, tied up the commanding general, and demanded that the troops be assembled to hear a speech.Mishima addressed the troops for ten minutes, inciting them to rebel against the constitutional govemment imposed by the United States that had, in his words, “turned Japan spineless.” Receiving only ridicule in response, he returned to the general's office and there, before the general's unbelieving eyes, proceeded to kill himself in strict accordance with the tradifonal samurai ritual of seppuku.After Mishima had driven a dagger deep into his left abdomen, one of his aides severed his head with a sword.The aide likewise 'killed himself and was 5eheaded;the others surrendered.In 1936 there had been a similar revolt and, though equally unsuccessful, it had foreshadowed the repressive re,me of General Tojo that was to stage tho attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941.That earlier revolt is the one referred to in “Patriotism,” one of Mishima's most powerful stories.Here life and fiction become joined.The act of seppuku was for Mishima a fulfdlment, “the ultimate dream of my life.” Bom of an ancient samurai family, he longed to die a hero's death in accordance with the ancient samurai code;but his weak body kept him from service in the war, and he had to compensate through body building(he became expert at karate and kendo)and, most important, through the discipline writing.In his short lifetime he turned out twenty novels, thirty plays, many essays, and more than eighty stories: he also produced, directed, and acted in movies, and even sang on stage.His first book of stories, A Forest in Flower, appeared in 1943, but it was Confession of a Mask(1948), dealing with the meditations of a young man of homosexual leanings in a repressive society, that brought him fame.Mishima has been called “Japan's Hemingway,” while others have compared him to “aesthetic” writers like Walter Peter and Oscar Wilde.56.The article implies that A.Mishima refused to join the army when he was young B.Mishima has been regarded as a lunatic writer C.Mishima is a person who'is hard m define D.Critics all agree that Mishima is an aesthetic writer 57.The aim of the rebel led by Mishima was A.Fo capture the commanding genera!

B.to urge the government to declare a war against America C.to incite the soldiers to rebel against the Constitutional govemment

D.to force the Emperor to give up the throne 58.In the 1970 rebel, the speech made by Mishima____ A.was web received by the soldiers B, was laughed at by the soldiers C.impressed the commanding general D, left a deep impression tO the soldiers 59.What IS true according to article? A.The general knew that Mishima had longed to die a hero's death.B.The general was greatly taken aback by Mishima's suicide attemnpt C.Some soldiers surrendered after Mishima's speech.D.one of Mishima's aides was killed by the soldiers.60.Mishima became a well-known writer after he had ___ A, written “Patriotism”, one of his most powerful stories B.written eighty short stories C.published “A Forest in Flower” D.published “Confession of a Mask” 主觀題部分

請用鋼筆或圓珠筆將此部分試題的答案做在答題紙二上，否則無效！V.Translation(20 points)Fart A.(10 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese on your ANSWER SHEET.One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss.The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the economy.Buying a commodity or stock in the belief that prices will rise speeds market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers.If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden.Remedial supply action could not be further delayed.Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the SurpluS actually occurs.When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helphng to conserve the present supply.As the price goes up,less of the commodity is purchased;a rise in price encourages users to ecor, om2ze.Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.Part B.(10 points)Directions: Translate the following into EngIish on your ANSWER SHEET.中國已經發層成為一個全球極富吸引力的、現實的大市場。世界各國 和地區不少有遠見卓識的企業家，都將目光投向了中國，并從投資活動中 獲得了豐厚的回報。我相信，中國加入世貿組織后，外商參與中國投資活 動的機會將越來越多，自身發展的空間也越來越大。在中國的投資活動一 定能成為溝通世界各國和地區的企業家與中國市場的一座橋梁，促進中國 和世界經濟共同發展、共同繁榮。VI.Writing(20 points)Directions Write an essay in no less than 250 words with file title “My Understanding of GlobaIization”.Your essay should be written on the Answer Sheet.