第一篇：高考英語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧1（寫寫幫推薦）

高考英語閱讀理解長難句的處理技巧1 第四章： 省略（共4頁）

英國大文豪莎士比亞在他的名著《哈姆雷特》里寫過這么一句名言：Brevity is the soul of wit.(言以簡潔為貴。)寫文章也好,說話也好,都要求生動活潑,簡單明了,因此,“簡潔”乃是一篇好文章的基本要求之一。

文章要做到簡潔,省略法(Ellipsis)是必用的。

英語句子中的某些成分因上下文已提供了充分明確的信息而不必出現(xiàn),或前面已出現(xiàn)的某些成分,為了避免不必要的重復(fù),可以不再出現(xiàn)而不致引起誤解或歧義,這種語言現(xiàn)象就叫作省略。例如：Glad to see you.這是個簡單句,主語I和謂語am可以省略。再如：London is on the Themes, and Paris on the Seine.這是一個并列復(fù)合句,后半句省略了謂語動詞is,因為前面已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過,后面不必重復(fù)。英譯漢時,為了使譯文明確達意,符合漢語習(xí)慣,要在正確理解原文的基礎(chǔ)上,對原文中省略的部分或保留或補全,或?qū)ζ溥M行靈活處理。

有人將英語句子中的省略現(xiàn)象歸納為21種,本章只涉及在英語閱讀中常遇到的比較復(fù)雜的省略現(xiàn)象。

1.The transcription needs a certain amount of editing, as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.第一層： The transcription 主 needs 謂 a certain amount of 定 editing, 賓 as even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar 狀語從句sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.第二層：(狀語從句)as 引 even if the computer can tell the difference between words of similar sounds such as write and right , 狀語從句1 it 主 is 系 still not yet 狀 able 表 to do the work 賓 as well as an inte-lligent secretary.狀語從句2

第三層：(狀語從句1)even if 引 the computer 主 can tell 謂 the difference 賓 between words of similar sounds 定 such as write and right 同位語

(狀語從句2)as well as 引 an intelligent secretary 主

要點 本句中as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句,其中該句還帶有一個由“even if”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句；介詞短語“between words of similar sounds”修飾“difference”,“such as write and right”修飾“words”,“as well as...”為同等比較狀語從句,其中省略了與主句相同的部分。intelligent:有才智的；理解力強的。

譯文 譯稿需要一定量的編輯工作,因為,即使計算機能夠區(qū)別同音異義詞,如 write和right,它仍不可能把這項工作做得像有思維能力的秘書那樣好。

2.If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?

第一層： If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart is exactly equal to the len-狀語從句 gth of the needle , how often 狀 can 謂 it 主 be expected 謂 to fall on a line 賓 and 連 how often 狀 into a blank space? 狀

第二層：(狀語從句)If 引 a needle 主 is 系 thrown 表 at random 狀 on a sheet of paper 狀 ruled with lines 定 whose distance apart is exactly equal to the length of the needle 定語從句

第三層：(定語從句)whose 引 distance apart 主 is 系 exactly 狀 equal 表 to the length of the needle 賓

要點 這是復(fù)合句。在if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,ruled with lines 是過去分詞,作paper 的定語,whose...needle 是 lines 的定語從句,whose distance apart 的意思是“它們之間的間隔”。主句中and 后面是個省略句,省去了 can it be expected to fall。翻譯時可將英文的被動語態(tài)譯成漢語的主動語態(tài)。length:長度。rule paper with lines:在紙上劃平行線。

譯文 如果把一根針隨機地投到一張紙上,紙上畫了許多平行線,它們之間的間隔等于針的長度,那么針落在線上的幾率是多少？落在空白處的幾率又是多少？

3.All that a man has to say or do that can possibly concern mankind, is in some shape or other to tell the story of his loveto sing.all后面有兩個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,第一個that從句修飾all,第二個that指代其前的that從句,翻譯時可表條件。to sing放在破折號之后,用以加強語氣,其后可視為省略了賓語the story of his love, to tell和to sing是并列關(guān)系。

譯文 一個人應(yīng)該說的或做的,只要關(guān)系到人類,那么都是以這樣或那樣的形式來講述乃至謳歌自己的愛的故事；而且,如果他是幸運的、有活力的,他將永遠是充滿愛的。

4.As families move away from their stable community,their friends of many years, their extended family relationships, the informal flow of information is cut off, and with it the confidence that information will be available when needed and will be trustworthy and reliable.要點 本句位并列句,前一個分句帶一個As引導(dǎo)的狀語從句, 狀語從句中 move away from 后為并列平行結(jié)構(gòu)their...,their..., their...在and后的分句中, the confidence 省略了 “is cut off”, it指的是信息被切斷的情況。

譯文 隨著家庭成員與他們穩(wěn)定的社區(qū)、多年的老友和大家庭的親屬關(guān)系相分離,非正式的信息渠道被切斷了,而那種在需要時就能得到真實可靠信息的信心也丟失了。

5.And by the help of further reasoning, which if drawn out would have been exhibited in 2

two or three other syllogism, you arrive at your final determination, I will not have that apple.要點 這是復(fù)合句。主句是you arrive at your final determination。by the help of...是介詞短語作狀語,which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾reasoning。if drawn out 是省略句,用作表示條件的狀語從句,完整的句子是if the reasoning can be drawn out。翻譯時采用順序法,定語從句采用分句法。syllogism:三段論；演繹推理。

譯文 借助于進一步的推理,這種推理如果加以引申,還可表現(xiàn)為其他兩三種演繹推理,你便會做出最終決定：“我不吃那個蘋果了。”

6.It is quite unnerving not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person, even though we have learnt to have conversations with people we cannot see, as on the telephone.要點 這是復(fù)合句。主句中 it是形式主語,真正的主語是不定式短語not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person。在狀語從句中as是連詞,意思是“正如…一樣”,as 后面省去了we have conversations。翻譯時采用逆序法,把even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句放到句首。unnerving:使人不知所措；使人失去自信。

譯文 即使我們適應(yīng)了像打電話一樣在互相看不見的情況下談話,這種看不見或接觸不到對方的談話也會使人感到很不自在。

7.Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorable to life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.要點 這是復(fù)合句。in which引導(dǎo)定語從句,修飾astronomical body。介詞except引起的短語作狀語。在介詞短語like our own后面省略了planet。revolving為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語,修飾our own planet。翻譯時根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣,將狀語提前譯出。

譯文 事實上,除了像地球這樣圍繞太陽旋轉(zhuǎn)的行星以外,我們不知道是否在其他類型的天體上也有適合生命存在的條件。

8.The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.要點 這是主從復(fù)合句。其主句的謂語動詞是had less to do with...than...,意為“主要與…有關(guān),而不是與…有關(guān)”,因為句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰,省略了句子的并列部分,如在had less to do with the mechanization of housework and(with)an increase in leisure time省略了with；在...than it did with their own economic necessity and(it did)with high marriage rates省略了it did。句中that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾high marriage rates。翻譯時采用融合法,把重要的部分放在句首。

譯文 20世紀(jì)已婚女性走出家門參加工作人數(shù)的增加主要是因為她們自己的經(jīng)濟需要,還與高結(jié)婚率使可參加工作的單身女工人數(shù)減少有關(guān),而與家務(wù)機械化、婦女空閑時間增多關(guān)系不大。

9.The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fine principles of political economy and some on poor ones.要點 這是簡單句。句中with some of its actions based on fine principles是獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語。因為與前一部分結(jié)構(gòu)相同,句子后一部分省略了（with）some（of its actions based）on poor ones括號中的詞。翻譯時采用順序法,對省略部分也要進行相應(yīng)省略,以使句子表達簡潔。

譯文 歐盟是不完善的機構(gòu),它的一些舉措是基于正確的政治經(jīng)濟原則之上的,而另一些遠非如此。

10.To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioning part of the whole capable and willing to make choices.要點 這是復(fù)合句,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,其中capable and willing to make choices可以被看作賓語從句中的并列表語(其前省略了is)。翻譯時采用順序法。

譯文 對美國人而言,依靠自己的力量就是指這個人作為整體的一部分是完全獨立并能起作用的,他有能力也愿意做出選擇。

第二篇：高考英語閱讀理解中的長難句

高考英語閱讀理解中的長難句分析-

再復(fù)雜的復(fù)合句，只要能恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\用句法知識進性結(jié)構(gòu)和功能分析，就可突破其含義，準(zhǔn)確地理解短文大意，獲取重要信息。

一、抓住結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)詞分析其長難句結(jié)構(gòu)和功能

任何一個復(fù)雜長句都不外乎由一個或多個并列結(jié)構(gòu)和復(fù)合句構(gòu)成。并列結(jié)構(gòu)一般有連詞and，but，or等連接；復(fù)合句按其在句中的作用可分為名詞性從句、形容詞性從句(定語從句)和副詞性從句(狀語從句)三大類。任何一個復(fù)合句都有一個至幾個反應(yīng)邏輯、意義及結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系的引導(dǎo)詞，找出這些引導(dǎo)詞就能分析出復(fù)合句的完整句子結(jié)構(gòu)，清理出完整意義。平時要注意積累表示各種邏輯關(guān)系的連詞和短語。表示目的：

so that，for the purpose that，in order that等；表示結(jié)果：so…that…，such…that…，as a result，therefore，thus等；表示條件：if，on condition that，unless等；表示原因：because，since，as等。

【例l】Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only and work better．(NMETl995 C篇)

析：這是一個含有that引導(dǎo)的表語從句的復(fù)合句。并且表語從句后接了which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句。非限制性定語從句內(nèi)有not only…but also…連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：噪音消除系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用的另一好處就是沒有必要使用消聲器．這不僅減輕了轎車的重量。而且使發(fā)動機耗油更少，運轉(zhuǎn)更好。

【例2】We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields，Normans were doing most of the eating．(NMET2001D篇)

析：whether…or…表示判斷選擇的搭配結(jié)構(gòu)，which 引出定語從句，指代前文中的事實，that引出同位語從句，while里，還是即將就廚。這表明撒可遜農(nóng)民干的是農(nóng)活而上層的諾曼人干的是吃喝。

【例3】A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car，as the owner，you have to pay for any damage done to the car，even if your dog has been killed in the accident．(NMETl997 C篇)

析：該句前半部分explain接what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：后半部分對此進行具體解釋，其中，在主句前后各有一個if導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句和even if引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。as the owner是插入語。句意：一個瑞典Kennel俱樂部的官員解釋了這項(法律)的含義，如果你的狗跑到公路上被汽車撞了。作為主人。即使你的狗被撞死了，你也要為被撞壞的汽車做出賠償。

【例4】，found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw(縮回)my full fist without dropping the prize SO dearly won．(2005全國I卷E篇)

析：全句是由and連接的兩個并列分句，在前半句中含有which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾整個主句．在定語從句中，means后接賓語從句，意為―首先，我必在葉叢中找到紅的西紅柿，這意味著我差不多要倒立了‖。在后半句中once found為一省略they are的時狀語從句。主句中reach，pick，withdraw為并列謂語動詞，意為―一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)，我必須伸手到底下摘西紅柿，然后縮回來，而不把用這么昂貴的方式得來的獎品弄丟‖。

【例5】It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computersjust about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when an e-mail is introduced，the printers start working overtime.That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet．

析：此句夾雜較復(fù)雜的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，主干部分為just about anyone can tell you that…在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中又含有when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。句意：由于因特網(wǎng)的使用。計算機所使用的紙張的數(shù)量是很難衡量的，然而幾乎任何在辦公室工作的人都能告訴你。當(dāng)引進電子郵件后，打印機就開始超時工作。也就是說近年來人們對于紙張的日益需求主要是由于越來越多的使用因特網(wǎng)。

【例6】These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for tings and ideas that we simply can't think of．

析：后句包含兩個定語從句，一個是由which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句修飾words；一個是由that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾things and ideas。該句意為：這些字是我編造的，必定代表我們沒有想到的事物和主意。

二、抓主干、剔從句

一個句子的支架就是句中的謂語動詞。根據(jù)英語中五種基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)，把句子中的主語、賓語、表語等主要成分找出來，其他成分如定語、狀語、補語等則一目了然易于理解。一些長句其實就是一個由主句和若干個狀語從句 1

組成的一個多層次主從復(fù)合句，一定要搞清主句和狀語從句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，只要把邏輯關(guān)系搞清楚了，則長難句就好對付了。如果把各個從句剔出來單獨理解，再把大意拼湊起來，構(gòu)成整個

長句的意思，就可降低長句的理解難度。如：

【例1】(2005全國I卷E篇)

析：句子主干部分為one tiny 9-inch plant has already taken over much of my rose bed and…。bought短語、covering短語分別作定語和狀語。句意：一個在春天時花$1．25買的九英寸植物已經(jīng)接管了我的玫瑰苗圃，覆蓋了我的其他植物。正在向前門發(fā)展。

【例2】 Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest ．(2005全國I卷D篇1

析：句子主干部分為Lewis found that…，在that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中，含有兩個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句。修飾 the oldest child和the youngest。句意：萊溫斯發(fā)現(xiàn)在有三、四個孩子的家庭里，晚餐的談話焦點往往是年齡最大和最小的孩子。最大的總是有許多的東西要說，而最小的則需要最多的關(guān)照。

【例3】 that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer..(NMET2002春招D篇)析：第一個that引出賓語從句，第二個that引出定語從句。第三個that引出同位語從句。句意：Pasteur發(fā)現(xiàn)(賓語從句)在酒發(fā)酵之后，再加溫幾分鐘，能殺死殘留在酒中的酵母(定語從句)，其結(jié)果能使酒的保鮮時間更長(同位語從句。

【例4】 family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation．(NMET2002春招E篇)

析：在這個句子中，what引出主語從句。who引出定語從句，is后用that引出兩個并列表語從句。句意：關(guān)于那個救了他的命的19歲的人(定語從句)winter知道的僅僅是，(主語從句)他死于一場車禍(表語從句1)，他的家人尊重他的意愿把他的器官捐獻出來，用于移植(表語從句2)。

【例5】working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able t study at the Ecole polytechnique.(03C篇)析：句子主干部分為the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，過去分詞短語put forward by…作狀語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語including…作定語，短語中含有兩個由wh0引導(dǎo)的定語從句。句意：這個定理．先是由十七世紀(jì)法國數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出，曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難。包括一位法國女科學(xué)家，她在解決這個難題方面取得了重大的進展，她為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)曾女扮男裝。

三、抓關(guān)鍵詞

關(guān)鍵詞即為含有句子主要意思的關(guān)鍵信息，抓住關(guān)鍵詞讀者可以快速抓住該句大意和理解線索。

【例1】Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet，whether it be cat, dog or snake!(NMET2003C篇)

析：關(guān)鍵詞：fans…愛好者．whether…or…無論是……還是……句意：來自動物醫(yī)院(這個電視節(jié)目)的故事(這本書)，將使這個電視節(jié)目的愛好者以及對無論是貓、狗還是蛇這類寵物有濃厚興趣的任何人感到高興。

【例2】After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure．

析：句中含兩個分詞短語，關(guān)鍵詞state―表明‖。句意：在他們逗留之后。所有的游客都會收到一份生存證明記錄他們的成功．也就是說當(dāng)游客離開小冰屋旅館時，他們會得到一份證明．表明他們曾嘗試過冒險。

【例3】白領(lǐng)雇員), who can afford white—collar employees．

析：關(guān)鍵詞：rest in依賴，in other words換句話說。句意：主要的市場因素取決于白領(lǐng)工人的人數(shù)增加，這些人付得起這種新型服務(wù)。換句話說，上海的汽車出租行業(yè)發(fā)展如此快，主要是因為白領(lǐng)工人人數(shù)的增加。

四、恢復(fù)原來面貌，理解創(chuàng)新句型

難句的另一種形式是各種創(chuàng)新句型，主要形式有省略、插入語、前置、倒裝、強調(diào)、被動、雙重否定等結(jié)構(gòu)。我們可以利用還原法和消原法，還復(fù)雜句型以本來面目，以求順利理解。

【例1】Excused from recycling(回收利用)because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)（00E篇)析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及語法功能不難發(fā)現(xiàn)該句為省略句，可補充還原為：Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute?你住在帶垃圾通道的高層樓房上就可獲準(zhǔn)不參與回收利用垃圾嗎?

【例2】Betty, shrugs.Talk? We’re friends．(NMET2001 E篇)

析：該句為省略句，根據(jù)上下文作者因妻子長時間跟女友談話而感到納悶的情節(jié)，該句可補充還原為：Betty shrugs.Why are we talking so long? We’re friends．貝蒂聳了聳肩，為什么我們談這么久?我們是朋友。

【例3】 ―Most women, ‖says Rubin, ―identified(認(rèn)定)at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives．‖(NMET01 E篇)析：該句為由并列連詞and連接的并列復(fù)合句。前半分句主謂部分被says Rubin分開，且含有一個由to whom引導(dǎo)的定語從句．turn to中介詞to前置。Rubin說多數(shù)女子會認(rèn)定至少一個．通常多個，可信賴的朋友，以便在處境困難時去求助。

【例4】 No longer will the public accept the old attitude of ―Buy it．throw it away，and forget it．‖(01 C篇)

析：本句為倒裝句，可還原成：The public will no longer accept the old attitude of ―Buy it，throw it away，and forget it‖．公眾們不再接受―購產(chǎn)品、丟產(chǎn)品、忘產(chǎn)品‖的舊觀點。

【例5】How is it t hat the can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame，come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa ,talking?(NMET2001 E篇)

析：這是一個it強調(diào)句型的疑問句，that后有兩個由and連接的并列分句，前一并列分句為leave，go out, come back為并列的謂語動詞。句中的兩個talking作狀語表示伴隨動作。的愛心的狗能成為無判斷力的(忠實的)聽者，這是剛開始搞閱讀的小孩所需要的。

Part A

1.Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle, but these people never seemed to get smallpox.(上海1997 B篇)

2.My parents wanted to know if I was sure, if I knew what it meant and whether I realized that if I gave up my job training，it would be very difficult to get a good job．(上海1997 A篇)

3.Victor Prozorov’s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present，some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the computer---a better chess player．(NMETl991 C篇)

4.Decision is not unlike poker – it often matter not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think.(NMET2000C篇)

5.With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)in Salt Lake City.(NMET2003B篇)

6．Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.7．In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.8.Discrimination(歧視)isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因)develops symptoms(癥狀)during middle age，and doctors can do nothing to help.9.I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our

nonrenewable(不能再生的)resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.10.However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生)graduate with the belief that the prospective(預(yù)期的)workplace may not have a place for them..11.His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（無知地）enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates

International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.12.I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.13.They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故意破壞行為），and at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares，vandalism did not often occur.14.Such tasks are generally important in their outcome，which only adds to the pressure to do good job，and yet their very complexity makes it difficult to know just where or how to begin.15.Today it is not unusual for a student，even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer，to have $5,000 in loans(貸款)after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation.16.What emerges(浮現(xiàn))is a picture of an environment where the emphasis is on managing the technology as it spies on people doing their jobs，rather than promoting quality service to customers and providing a fair workplace.17.Justice does demand that murderers be punished.And common sense demands that society be protected from them.But neither justice nor self-preservation demands that we kill men whom we have already imprisoned.Part B

1.Their study found that theobromine，found in cocoa，was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine，which was considered the best cough medicine at present.The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more

effective cough treatment，―while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的)it can have a major effect on the quality of life and‖ this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem，‖ said Professor Peter Barnes.(08全國 ll D篇)實例： 53.According to Professor Barnes，theobromine______.A.cannot be as effective as codeineB.can be harmful to people’s health

C.cannot be separated from chocolateD.can be a more effective cure for coughs

2.Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface.It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere.Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere，30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface.The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet.(NMET 2008 江蘇卷B篇)

實例： 60.Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is______.A.absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere

C.lost in the upper and lower atmosphereB.reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere D.used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes

3.The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment(Kids F.A.C.E.)in 1989.There are now 300，000 members of Kids FACE worldwide and is the world’s largest youth environmental organization.(NMET 2008 山東卷D篇)

實例：72.Kids F.A.C.E is______.A.a program to help students with writingB.a project of litter recycling

C.a campaign launched by President BushD.a club of environmental protection

73.What can we learn about Poe?

A.She was awarded a prize in Brazil.B.She donated billboard across the country.C.She got positive responses for her effortsD.She joined the National Park Service.4.One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同齡人)group.(08 遼寧卷C篇)實例： 64.Why did Tom give up studying?

A.He disliked his teachers.C.It’s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies.B.His parents no longer supported him.D.There were too many subjects in his secondary school.5.The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives.Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple.Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people，ending in the shopper giving up and walking away，or just buying an unsuitable item(商品)that is not really wanted.(NMET 2008重慶卷E篇)實例：73.Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?

A.Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.B.People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.C.Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.D.Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the range of choice.6.As the only girl in a family of seven children，she often felt like she had ―seven fathers，‖ because her six brothers，as well as her father，tried to control her.Feeling shy and unimportant，she retreated(躲避)into books.Despite her love of reading，she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.(NMET 2008天津卷A篇)

實例：36.Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?

A.She had seven brothers.B.She felt herself a nobody.C.She was too shy to go to school.D.She did not have any good teachers.7.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat.However，the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time —about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down.This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy.(NMET 2008 四川卷C篇)

實例：44.Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?

A.They eat too much for lunch.B.They sleep too little at night.C.Their body temperature becomes lower.D.The weather becomes a lot warmer.8.These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills，while more women speech skills.It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先)，among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt，according to one research.(NMET 2008陜西卷E篇)

實例：59.Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph?

A.Young boys may be stronger than young girls.B.More women take up jobs requiring speech skills

C.Women may have stronger feelings than men.D.Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.9.In those days，IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it.However，a lot of IP，including songs，films，books and artwork，can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet.(NMET2008江西卷D篇)

實例： 69.What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?

A.It makes IP rights harder to protect.B.It sells songs and films.C.It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.D.It prevents the production of artwork.70.According to paragraph 2，what has ―taken the world by storm‖?

A.Intellectual property rights.B.The Internet.C.Free downloading.D.The large number of songs，films and books.10.The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others.To be unavailable to our friends and family，and to be unable to find time to relax—this has become the model of a successful life.(NMET 2008湖北卷D篇)實例：74.According to Paragraph 4，a successful person is one who is believed to ____.A.be able to work without stressB.be more talented than other people

C.be more important than anyone elseD.be busy working without time to rest

11.The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑)，for example—are more likely to use sunscreen.As a result，it may appear that sunscreen users get cancer more often.(NMET 2008福建卷E篇)實例：73.People with fair skin and freckles______.A.seldom use sunscreenB.are more in danger of skin cancer

C.can be free from the harm of the sunD.often expose themselves to the sun

12.Yocum and Bell，who have just completed an art gallery for the city，feel that the experience from decoration of their building，focusing on the inside rather than the outside，has influenced their work.It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.(NMET 2008湖南卷B篇)

實例：63.It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell______.A.benefited a lot from pulling down the roofB.turned more old buildings into art galleries

D.paid more attention to the outside of the galleryC.got inspiration from decorating their old building

Part B答案

1—2 DC3.D C 4.C5.C6.B7.C8 B.9AC10.D11.B12.C

第三篇：高考長難句

1.(2017年全國1卷閱讀理解A篇)It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.句意：這是一個驚人的成就，一個沒有來自個人、公司和其他社會組織的慷慨的支持我們就不可能取得的成就。

分析：本句為復(fù)合句。其中，one指代前面的accomplishment，后面為定語從句，修飾先行詞one，且從句使用了cannot和without表示雙重否定。

2.(2017年全國1卷閱讀理解D篇)Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.句意：接著把管子放在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢茫沟霉茏拥囊欢朔旁诒永铮茏拥钠溆嗖糠窒蛏涎由斓娇拥耐獠俊?/p>

分析：本句為復(fù)合句。主句lay the tube in place為祈使句；so that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從句是and連接的并列句。

3.(2017年全國1卷閱讀七選五)If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.句意：如果三年前有人告訴我會用大部分的周末時間來野營，我會狂笑不已。

分析：本句為主從復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，因表示對與過去事實相反的假設(shè)，所以本句中條件句使用過去完成時。此外從句中包含了一個that引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

4.(2017年全國1卷閱讀七選五)This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.句意：這次跟自然母親的短暫親近用去了我兩天的假期，被嚴(yán)重曬傷的皮膚還需慢慢恢復(fù)，而且還花費了一筆錢為我兒子食物中毒看醫(yī)生。

分析：句中cost后的直接賓語有三個，即A，B and C三個并列賓語。

5.(2017年全國1卷完形填空)Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.句意：我不知道我竟然會愛上美式手語。

分析：此句為倒裝句，little為否定詞，當(dāng)否定詞位于句首時，句子要使用部分倒裝。

6.(2017年全國1卷完形填空)What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.句意：我所看到的和我之前經(jīng)歷的完全不同。分析：此句中what 引導(dǎo)的是主語從句，作句子的主語。此外，I had experienced in the past為定語從句，修飾先行詞anything。

7.(2017年全國1卷完形填空)Instead, if there had been any talking, it would have caused us to learn less.句意：相反，如果有任何交談，那會導(dǎo)致我們學(xué)到較少的東西。

分析：本句為復(fù)合句。if引導(dǎo)的是虛擬條件句，表示對過去的虛擬，所以本句中條件狀語從句使用過去完成時there had been；主句使用“would have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。

8.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解A篇)By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.句意：通過把《愛的徒勞》那豐富、幽默的文本翻譯成手語，Deafinitely 劇院創(chuàng)造了一種對莎士比亞喜劇新的解釋，通過向失聰人群和聽力健全人群演出，旨在在失聰和有聲世界之間搭建一座橋梁。

分析：在本句中，By translating...BSL為方式狀語，and連接creates和aims兩個動詞作并列謂語。9.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解B篇)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.（同位語從句、讓步狀語從句）

句意：拍電影和四年后出演The Sting的經(jīng)歷所建立起來的友誼源于一個事實：盡管我們存在年齡差距，但我們都源自戲劇和直播電視的傳統(tǒng)。

分析：本句的主干是 The friendship had its root in the fact.。其中，grew out of...later為that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞friendship；后面的although there was...live TV為that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句，解釋說明fact的內(nèi)容。此外，同位語從句中還包含了一個although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。

10.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解B篇)We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back 一 he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.（同位語從句、條件狀語從句、定語從句）

句意：我們有著這樣的信念——如果足夠幸運獲得成功，就應(yīng)該有所回饋。他成立了

Newman’s Own食品公司和為病重的孩子成立了Hole in the Wall camps夏令營，而我成立了圣丹斯協(xié)會和電影節(jié)。

分析：本句中，that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明belief的內(nèi)容；同位語從句中包含了一個if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句；破折號后出現(xiàn)了一個who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞kid。

11.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解C篇)Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.句意：Terrafugia 說機主需要通過測試并且完成20個小時的飛行時間才能駕駛 Transition，這一要求對于飛行員來說相對容易滿足。

分析：本句中 a requirement 為同位語，是對前面的內(nèi)容作補充說明，pilots would find relatively easy to meet是定語從句，省略了充當(dāng)賓語的關(guān)系代詞that/which，修飾先行詞requirement。

12.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀理解D篇)Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get.(賓語從句、非謂語動詞、定語從句)句意：早在1983年，杰克?舒爾茨和伊恩?鮑德溫兩個科學(xué)家報道說被昆蟲咬的年輕楓樹釋放會一種鄰近的植物能夠獲得的特殊氣味。

分析：本句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作reported的賓語，從句中包含一個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞smell。getting bitten by insects為現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾maple trees。13.(2017年全國Ⅱ卷閱讀七選五)If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.句意為：如果有人敲門，并且不是什么重要的事情，那就禮貌地謝絕，讓別人知道你很忙，這樣他們就會得到暗示，當(dāng)門關(guān)著的時候，你不想被打擾。

分析：本句為if引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。在主句中，you’re busy是know的賓語從句；so引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句，在結(jié)果狀語從句中包含一個that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，解釋說明hint的內(nèi)容。同時同位語從句又包含了一個when引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，因此句子的主句為you’re not to be disturbed.。

14.(2017年全國Ⅲ卷閱讀理解B篇)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.（定語從句）句意：布拉德福德把建筑物和土地賣給了一家當(dāng)?shù)氐拈_發(fā)商，這家開發(fā)商打算在電影院所在的土地上建一個購物中心。分析：本句中which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞a local development firm；此外，定語從句中又包含一個where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

15.(2017年全國Ⅲ卷閱讀理解D篇)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.句意：紐卡斯?fàn)柎髮W(xué)的智能運輸團隊已經(jīng)把電動汽車轉(zhuǎn)變成名叫“DriveLAB”的移動實驗室，目的是了解老年人司機面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵的問題所在。

16.(2017年全國Ⅲ卷閱讀理解D篇)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.句意：對于很多老年人來說，特別是那些獨自居住在鄉(xiāng)間的老年人，駕駛對于保持他們（老年人）的獨立性是非常重要的，這也給了他們出行而不用依賴他人的自由。

17.(2017年全國Ⅲ卷閱讀理解D篇)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔絕)and inactive.句意：研究表明，放棄駕駛是導(dǎo)致老年人健康狀況下降的主要原因之一，導(dǎo)致他們變得更加隔絕和懶散。分析：that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，賓語從句中g(shù)iving up driving為動名詞短語作主語，leading to...作現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。

18.(2017年全國Ⅲ卷完形填空)Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with him or take the ticket and travel on her own.句意：Axani 在他的帖中說：他并不是尋求任何回報，使用這張多余機票的女士可以選擇與他一起旅行，或者拿走機票自己旅行。

分析：本句中，that…and that…是并列的兩個賓語從句，作wrote的賓語，who uses the extra ticket為定語從句，修飾先行詞the woman。

第四篇：歷屆高考英語長難句100句精選(中文)

歷屆高考英語長難句100句精選（中文）

1.這個定理，先是由十七世紀(jì)法國數(shù)學(xué)家皮爾法特提出，曾使一批杰出的數(shù)學(xué)大師為難，包括一位法國女科學(xué)家，她在解決這個難題方面取得了重大的進展，她曾女扮男裝為了能夠在伊科爾理工學(xué)院學(xué)習(xí)。

簡析：夾雜過去分詞短語，現(xiàn)在分詞短語，動名詞及兩個定語從句。

2.由于因特網(wǎng)的使用，計算所使用的紙張的數(shù)量是很難的，然而幾乎任何在辦公室工作的人能告訴你，當(dāng)引進電子郵件后，打印機就開始超時工作。也就是說近年來人們對于紙張的日益需求主要是由于因特網(wǎng)越來越多的使用。

簡析：夾雜較復(fù)雜的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)鍵詞just about幾乎；overtime超時地。

3.或許，表明電腦及因特網(wǎng)使用促進人們對于紙張的需求的最好跡象源于高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)本身，印刷業(yè)被認(rèn)為是高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)極有前景的新市場之一。簡析：夾雜較復(fù)雜的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)鍵詞promising有前途的。

4.這個行動組也發(fā)現(xiàn)一種人們可接受的紙，制成這種紙的原料不是木料，而是農(nóng)業(yè)廢料。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞other than而不是。

5.這些術(shù)語，主要從英語和漢語引入，經(jīng)常會變成不再被說本族語的人們理解的形式。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞term術(shù)語。

6.它是現(xiàn)在很暢銷的許多外語書中的一本。簡析：比喻生動形象。

7.大眾傳播媒介和政府白皮書（正式報告）在外國詞傳播過程中起重要作用。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞the mass media and government white papers大眾傳播媒介和政府白皮書（正式報告）。

8.來自動物醫(yī)院（這個電視節(jié)目）的故事（這本書），將使這個電視節(jié)目的愛好者以及 對無論是貓、狗還是蛇這類寵物有濃厚興趣的任何人感到高興。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞fans?愛好者，whether?or?，無論是?還是?。

9.牛頓被證明是一位很有才華的科學(xué)家，他處于一個魔術(shù)終結(jié)科學(xué)開啟的歷史時期，他也有普通人所特有的弱點。簡析：夾雜兩個定語從句。

10.但對于所有這些以電子手段記錄，貯存及傳遞的文本而言，許多文本仍要（打印）在紙上。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞text文本；end up最后成為（處于）。

11.據(jù)鹽湖城的ITA的觀點，閃爍的棕色眼睛，搖著尾巴，并有無條件的愛心，狗能成 為無判斷力的（忠實的）聽者，這是剛開始搞閱讀的小孩所需要的。簡析：夾雜with構(gòu)成的介詞短語及過去分詞短語。

12.這家鹽湖城公共圖書館接受這個觀點。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞sell on（to）使接受。13.這個島嶼，于1506年被同名的葡萄牙上將發(fā)現(xiàn)，在1810年有人居住，現(xiàn)在屬于英 國，人口數(shù)有幾百人。簡析：有兩個過去分詞短語作狀語。

14.他們已有一千多年與外界沒有聯(lián)系，這給他們充足的時間來修建1000多座巨大的石 像，被稱為莫艾，因為有這個東西這個島嶼極其出名。簡析：夾雜有現(xiàn)在分詞短語，過去分詞短語及定語從句。

15.我們的（生日）聚會針對兩到十歲的小孩，它們互動感強，富有創(chuàng)新，因為它們能 基于一個主題構(gòu)建一種戲劇的氛圍。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞aim for 針對；in that 在于。16.在這里敘述的這種籌備（生日）聚會的計劃所帶有的最重要的觀點在于它能讓父母 和孩子的關(guān)系更加密切。簡析：夾雜過去分詞短語及表語從句。

17.他曾認(rèn)識到那本書里第一幅圖畫下面的那些詞“一、六、八”在某些方面將這個野 兔和阿拉甘的凱撒英，即亨利八世的六個妻子當(dāng)中的第一個妻子，聯(lián)系起來。

簡析：夾雜賓語從句及過去分詞短語。

18.直到有一天他在阿帕斯?fàn)柟珗@碰巧看見兩個石制的十字架，他才懂得在1773年修建 這兩個十字架是為了向她表示敬意。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞come across碰巧遇見，in one’s honor紀(jì)念某人。19.它是蘇珊?湯森德的音樂劇本，根據(jù)她暢銷的小說改編的。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞best-selling 暢銷的。

20.戈德是對有機食品感興趣眾多購買者當(dāng)中的一位，遍及英國的超市依賴更多像他那 樣的購買者，因為他們要增加有機食品生意。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞count on 依賴。

21.地下發(fā)展的支持者說在地下搞建筑而不是在地上搞建筑是一種利用地球空間的辦法。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞rather than 而不是。

22.那些能夠說出好朋友名字的單身男人，很有可能說出一個女人的名字。簡析：省略句who could（name a best friend）承前省。

23.一般來說，女人相互的友誼基于相互分享情感和支持，但男人間的關(guān)系以共同參與 社會活動為特征。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞rest on 依靠。

24.就大部分而言，男人間的交往在感情上受控制，這與“男子漢氣概” 的社會要求是 相符合的。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞for the most part就大部分而言。

25.一個女人最親密的女性朋友可能是第一個告訴她離開一次失敗的婚姻；而聽見一個 男人說直到他的朋友一天晚上問他是否可以睡在他家的沙發(fā)上他才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，這是很平常的。

簡析：夾雜多種語法結(jié)構(gòu)not unusual=usual； not?until?，直到?才?。26.1066年以前，在我們現(xiàn)在稱為英國的土地上，住著屬于兩個主要語種的民族。簡析：倒裝句，并含有定語從句及分詞短語。

27.如果這種情況延續(xù)下去的話，那么今天的英語將和德語很相近。簡析：含虛擬語氣。

28.我們甚至對某些食物有不同的單詞，特別是肉類，取決于它是長在田野里，還是在 家里準(zhǔn)備煮著吃，這就表明一個事實，即薩克森農(nóng)民在農(nóng)田干活，而上層階級的諾曼人在吃大喝。簡析：含對比。

29.當(dāng)美國人第一次游覽歐洲時，他們通常發(fā)現(xiàn)德國比法國對他們來說更加“陌生”，因 為他們在標(biāo)牌和廣告上看到的德語，比起法語更加不同于英語。

簡析： 含比較級句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

30.一些公司已經(jīng)把潔凈安全產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)當(dāng)作他們主要的銷售關(guān)鍵，并且在他們的廣告 宣傳中強調(diào)這一點。

簡析：make后接雙賓語。

31.在他們逗留之后，所有的游客都會收到一份生存證明記錄他們的成功，也就是說當(dāng)游客離開小冰屋旅館時，他們會得到一份證明，表明他們曾嘗試過冒險。

簡析：含兩個分詞短語，關(guān)鍵詞state表明。

32.主要的市場因素取決于白領(lǐng)工人的人數(shù)增加，這些人付得起這種新型服務(wù)，換句話說，上海的汽車出租行業(yè)發(fā)展如此快，主要因為白領(lǐng)工人人數(shù)的增加。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞rest in 依賴。

33.你不會等很長時間意味著過不了多久你就會回收你的垃圾。簡析：夾雜主語從句及賓語從句。

34.這些詞，是我編造的，只是代表我們不能想到的事物和觀念。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞make up 編造。

35.設(shè)想未來有益于現(xiàn)在和將來的幾代人。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞picture活用為動詞想象，設(shè)想。

36.做決策像打撲克牌，起作用的不但是你怎么想的，還包括別人對你的想法是怎么看的以及你對別人的看法是如何考慮的。

簡析：含較復(fù)雜的句型結(jié)構(gòu)not unlike=like not only?but also?不僅?而且? 37.解決問題容易的辦法并非總是最容易的。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞the way out 解決問題的辦法。

38.炙熱的太陽導(dǎo)致面團面積加倍，酵母使面團的表面擺晃嘆息，似乎它在呼吸，它看上去像某種來自外部空間的無名生物。簡析：比喻形象生動。

39.畢竟，難道這些活潑可愛的孩子們不滿足于半天搞普通教育的文化課，半天搞表演、唱歌、舞蹈等舞臺訓(xùn)練嗎？ 簡析：反問句式，語氣強烈。

40.爸爸，急匆匆地在天黑之前趕回家，以便他能出去跑步，卻忘記系安全帶—這是75% 的美國人每天犯的一個錯誤。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞for a run去跑步。

41.這次高峰會是為了紀(jì)念尼克松總統(tǒng)訪華25周年，尼克松訪華是中美關(guān)系的轉(zhuǎn)折點。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞mark 紀(jì)念。42.很多問題是大學(xué)水平，這些小學(xué)生能夠解答出來。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞be of college level 大學(xué)水平，figure out解決，解答。43.穿過屋頂矗立著太陽之塔，在里面有一棵160英尺高的生命之樹。簡析：含有兩個倒裝句。

44.目前的問題是，很多人把其實只要付諸努力就能做到的事情看成是做不到的。簡析：consider后的賓語后置。

45.她受過重罰，而且有病，可她卻這樣愉快，這樣充滿了信心，這樣用盡她所剩的力量來幫助其他同志。

簡析：含有讓步狀語從句及形容詞短語作狀語。

46.如果他們從電視中的束縛中解脫出來，不得不自己安排活動，他們可能會全家驅(qū)車去 看日落。

簡析：含有兩個過去分詞短語。

47.我繞到房子的前面，坐在臺階上，哭了一陣之后，我感到陣陣心痛，我的父親心里肯 定也有一點不好受。

簡析：動作描寫，情真意切。

48.先是令人心碎的痛苦，繼而是極度的喜悅，從一個極端到另一個極端—變換得實在太 快了。簡析：比喻形象生動。

49.他禁不住尋思起來，要是果真有什么意外，除非附近有條船，他用無線電能聯(lián)系上的 最近的人遠在885英里以外的島上。簡析：含虛擬語氣。

50.八十大壽，畢竟非同一般，不管怎么說你又活了十年，或者說熬了十年，是活還是熬，全在于你怎么看了。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞endure(stand;bear;put up with)忍受。51.新聞報道說這兩個國家的和平談判失敗,沒有達成協(xié)議。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞break down失敗，reach an agreement達成協(xié)議。52.這對老年夫婦結(jié)婚40年了，兩人從來沒有一次爭吵。簡析：含主謂倒裝句。

53.要記住的是，伊德搞鍛煉的想法根本沒有進餐使用刀叉那么費力。簡析：含比較級句型。

54.就在我們比賽之前，我曾預(yù)料這場比賽對我有利，比分大概是9比1，結(jié)果比分反而是7比9，伊德暫時領(lǐng)先。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞figure on預(yù)計，估計；in one’s favor對某人有利。

55.因此當(dāng)伊德來參加我們的比賽時,我發(fā)現(xiàn)他不僅將襯衫的底部扎進褲里,而且?guī)缀踝⒁獠坏剿亩亲?我感到很驚奇,以致無話可說,我的表弟過去一定努力把自己訓(xùn)練好,保持很好的競技狀態(tài)。

簡析：含有not only?but also?及so?that?的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，must have P.P表示對過去事實的推測。56.在一定程度上，我認(rèn)為我們都贏了，我贏得了這次比賽，伊德表弟贏得了我的尊重。簡析：承前省略謂語動詞won。

57.據(jù)說在澳大利亞土地太多以致政府不知道怎么去處理。簡析：含比較級句型。

58.這項研究設(shè)計得如此好以致一旦開始任何事都不可能改變它。簡析：夾雜過去分詞短語once begun。

59.媽媽不知道誰應(yīng)該受責(zé)備，因為打破玻璃這件事是她不在家里的時候發(fā)生的。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞be to blame受責(zé)備。

60.當(dāng)我在軍隊服役時，我曾接受過所有戰(zhàn)士都參加的智力測試,與平均分100分相比，我得了160分。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞against 與?相比較。

61.我們原不是那樣計劃藝術(shù)展覽的，但出來的結(jié)果卻很好。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞work out 結(jié)果是?? 62.房子裝修花費我的閑暇時間不多。

簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)little of的用法，例We see very little of our children(we do not see them often)now that they are grown up.孩子們已經(jīng)長大了，所以我們現(xiàn)在很少見到他們。63.這條河流已經(jīng)遭受很重的污染，現(xiàn)在要清理為時太晚。簡析：含too?to?句型及現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。

64.大多數(shù)人相信這些腳印只是普通動物的足跡，這些足跡由于在雪里融化再結(jié)冰而變大了。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞nothing more than only。

65.但若他們真的抓住一個“雪人”的話，那么他們可能面臨一個現(xiàn)實問題：他們會把它放進動物園，還是在一個旅館里給它一個房間呢？ 簡析：含選擇疑問句型。

66.產(chǎn)量增長了60%，公司又經(jīng)歷了一個極好的年頭。簡析：含with構(gòu)成的介詞短語。

67.世貿(mào)組織如果沒有一個占世界五分之一人口的大國加入的話，那么它就不能名副其實。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞live up to one’s name 名副其實。

68.重要的是你做這件工作的能力，而不是你來自什么地方，或是你是什么身份。簡析：強調(diào)句型It is +強調(diào)部分+that / who+從句。

69.我怎么才能讓父親卸完車上的行李而不向我大喊大叫，在其他女孩子面前出洋相呢？我還要和這些女孩一起度過以后的日子。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞make a scene 大吵大鬧，出洋相。

70.父親在說出一聲“是”之前,臉終于沒有先前那么紅了。簡析：迂回表達，心情如釋重負(fù)。

71.很快我聽到好象是門被撞進的聲音，接著是一陣上樓的腳步聲。簡析：that替代前而的sound。72.爸爸從我手里拿起那只仍冒煙的槍，又開了一槍，這才殺死了那只大猩猩。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞fire another shot 又開了一槍。

73.事情發(fā)生是這樣的,爸爸先把我們送上樓，因為他原以為他能夠在那個動物趕到之前（距離20英尺遠）將門鎖上。

簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)It happened that?事情發(fā)生是這樣的?。

74.當(dāng)他在鏡子前自我欣賞時，他想他當(dāng)然看上去很適合那個角色。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞all right確實，無疑。

75.他抱著頭，盡力的想臺詞，但什么也想不起來。

簡析：迂回表達nothing came to his mind=He remembered nothing.76.實際上，他越是觀看這臺戲劇，他越是認(rèn)為自己已進入角色。簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)the more?the more?越?越?

77.反而，她在附近公園散步一會兒就回到家，她經(jīng)過后門讓自己進去的。簡析：分詞短語letting herself in 作狀語。78.她靜下心來等，看會發(fā)生什么事。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞settle down to do sth 靜下心來做? 79.她拿起那個裝著開水的壺，悄悄地向門移動。簡析：現(xiàn)在分詞短語作伴隨狀語。

80.當(dāng)那根鐵絲掉在地上，哪只手縮回時，外面?zhèn)鱽砑饨新暎又翘优艿穆曇簟：單觯喝幈粍诱Z態(tài)間接描述小偷遭到的懲罰。81.很快警察抓住了那個小偷。

簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)It wasn’t long before+從句，很快就?

82.接著，我注意到門旁一個高個子男人，拿著用棕色紙遮蓋著的某種東西。

簡析：含兩個分詞短語。

83.轉(zhuǎn)向下一個顧客，看見一桿槍從他的外套伸出來，我非常恐懼。簡析：過去分詞短語作to see的賓補。

84.“史密斯！”經(jīng)理用象雷一樣的聲音大喊，“你不要找借口！給我立即開始工作。” 簡析：口語化的語言。

85.菲力浦帕底特在110層高的建筑物上，人群擁擠的大街上空等候。簡析：含倒裝句型及分詞用法。

86.菲力浦非常小心地邁開第一步，鋼絲繩承受住了，現(xiàn)在他確信他可以走鋼絲了。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞hold(vi)承受。

87.成千上萬感到很害怕的觀眾盯著看，他們的心跳很快。簡析：含with構(gòu)成的介詞短語。

88.她已經(jīng)會做一個人能做的許多事情。簡析：含定語從句。89.她甚至喜歡在上床睡覺前看電視。簡析：含分詞及動名詞。90.衡量一個人真正品質(zhì)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是看如果他知道他不會被別人發(fā)現(xiàn)的情況下他會做些什么事。

簡析：表語從句中還含有虛擬語氣。

91.在我知道瑪考雷名言三十年后，它對我來說仍是最好的人生準(zhǔn)則，因為這句名言給我們提供了一種衡量我們自己而不是他人的方法。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞introduce引見，例：Let me introduce you to the pleasures of wine-tasting讓我給你說說品酒的樂趣。

92.我們當(dāng)中很少有人被要求作出關(guān)于國家進行戰(zhàn)爭，軍隊進行戰(zhàn)斗的重大決定，但我們每天都要求作出很多個人的決定。

簡析：含動名詞的所有格形式。

93.有一個家伙，就這樣走進一家銀行，擅自拿走這么多錢。簡析：help oneself to擅自拿走。

94.托德想起自己的難處，他曾設(shè)法搞一大筆錢，他需要這筆錢來開辦他的加油站。簡析：夾雜兩個定語從句。

95.不要搭載陌生人，加油站所有的工作人員最好不要為一輛白色福特牌小汽車服務(wù)。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞folks，加油站的工作人員。

96.“給車加油”那個男人說，聽起來（這個劫匪）就好像是其他任何一名司機。簡析：關(guān)鍵詞sound like 聽起來像? 97.看來對他來說沒有合適的工作。

簡析：關(guān)鍵詞suitable適合的。

98.但當(dāng)約翰和他的戰(zhàn)友們出現(xiàn)時，一些觀看的人們禁不住嘲笑那個在行進中不能同步的那個人（約翰）。

簡析：句子結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，關(guān)鍵詞keep pace with 與?步伐一致。

99.他們不僅使人們在晚上睡覺困難，而且他們損害我們歷史名勝的房子和商店。

簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)not only?but(also)?不僅?而且?

100.也攻讀生物學(xué)的哈利說他們要制造盡可能大的噪音來迫使政府官員們認(rèn)識到大家正不得不忍受的東西。

簡析：句型結(jié)構(gòu)as...as possible盡可能地??。

第五篇：長難句

1、真實的夢境

英：Our dreams, they feel real while we're in them, right? It's only when we wake upthat we realize how things are actually strange.Let me ask you a question, you,you never really remember the beginning of a dream do you? You always wind upright in the middle of what's going on。

譯：我們做夢的時候，夢境是真實的，對不對?只有到醒來的時候才會意識到事情不對勁兒。我問你，你從來都不記得夢從何而起是不是?你總是直接插入到夢中所發(fā)生的一切。

2、盜夢

英：What'sthe most resilient parasite? An Idea.A single idea from the human mind canbuild cities.An idea can transform the world and rewrite all the rules.Whichis why I have to steal it。

譯：最具有可塑性的寄生生物是什么?是人的想法。人類一個簡單的念頭可以創(chuàng)造城市。一個念頭可以改變世界重寫一切游戲規(guī)則。這就是為什么我要從夢中把它盜取出來。

3、對于生命的悔恨

英：Themoment's passed.Whatever I do I can't change this moment.I'm about to call outto them.They run away.If I'm ever going to see their faces I've gotta get backhome.The real world。

譯：那個時刻我沒有把握住。無論我做什么我都不能挽回。我想要呼喚他們，他們卻恰好跑開了。如果我再見到他們的臉龐，我就只能回家去。回到真實的世界。

4、夢中的火車

英：You'rewaiting for a train, a train that will take you far away.You know where youhope this train will take you, but you can't be sure.But it doesn't matter-because we'll be together。

譯：你等著一輛火車，它會把你帶到遠方。你明白自己希望火車把你帶到哪兒，不過你也心存猶豫。但這一切都沒有關(guān)系——因為我們在一起。

5、放手

英： I can't stay with her anymore because shedoesn't exist.I wish.I wish more than anything.But I can't imagine you withall your complexity, all you perfection, all your imperfection.Look at you.Youare just a shade of my real wife.You're the best I can do;but I'm sorry, youare just not good enough。

譯：她不是真實存在的，我不能和她呆在一起。我也想，我比什么都想，但我想像不出你的復(fù)雜情緒、你的種種完美和不完美。看看吧，你只是我妻子的一個影子。你只是我竭盡全力能創(chuàng)造出來的而已，但是很遺憾，你遠遠比不上真實的她。

31.Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.[參考譯文]一些機構(gòu)終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機構(gòu)，包括教堂，倡導(dǎo)生命之權(quán)的團體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學(xué)協(xié)會，尖銳地抨擊這個法案，指責(zé)法案的通過過于匆忙。但是大勢已定，不可逆轉(zhuǎn)。

32.In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.[參考譯文]在澳大利亞--人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術(shù)和變化看的社會態(tài)度，這些因素 都在發(fā)揮作用一一其他的州也會考慮制定相似的關(guān)于安樂死的法律。

33.There are, of course, exceptions.Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.[參考譯文]當(dāng)然，例外是存在的。在美國，心胸狹窄的官員，粗魯?shù)膫髡撸蜎]有禮貌 的出租車司機也并不少見。然而人們常常得出這樣的觀察意見，這使得它值得被討論一下。

34.We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances(drugs)is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.[參考譯文]我們生活在一種藥品(毒品)的醫(yī)學(xué)用途和社會用途都很廣泛的社會里：一片用來止頭痛的阿斯匹林，一些用來社交的葡萄酒，早上自己提提神所喝的咖啡，一支用來定神的香煙。

35.Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.[參考譯文]對藥品的依賴性首先表現(xiàn)為不斷增長的耐藥量，要產(chǎn)生想得到的效果所需要 的藥品劑量越來越大，然后表現(xiàn)為當(dāng)停止用藥后，令人不快的停藥癥狀的出現(xiàn)。

36.“Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week.“You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”

[參考譯文]上星期參議員羅博特多爾質(zhì)問時代華納公司的高級管理人員們：“難道這就是你們希望能夠成就的事業(yè)?你們已經(jīng)出賣了自己的靈魂，但是難道你們還非要腐化我們的國家，威脅我們的孩子們嗎?”

37.“The test of any democratic society, he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column', ”lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be...“

[參考譯文]”對任何一個民主社會的考驗，“他在《華爾街雜志》的一個專欄文章中寫到，”不在于它能夠多有效地控制各種意見的表達，而在于這個社會是否能給予思考和表達的盡可能廣泛的自由，不管有時候這種結(jié)果是多么的富有爭議或令人不快…“

38.During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that ”music is not the cause of society's ills“ and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.[參考譯文]在-上個月的股東大會上關(guān)于搖滾歌詞的討論中，萊文宣稱說：”音樂不是社 會問題的原因“，他甚至還以他的兒子為例。他的兒子是紐約州布朗克斯的一個教師，并用說唱音

樂與學(xué)生們進行溝通。

39.Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as ”steering the economy to a soft landing“ of ”a touch on the brakes“，makes it sound like a precise science.Nothing could be further from the truth.[參考譯文]有很多用于描述貨幣政策的詞匯，例如”輕踩剎車“以”操縱經(jīng)濟軟著陸“，使 貨幣政策聽起來像是一門精確的科學(xué)。沒有什么比這更遠離實際情況的了。

40.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little productive slack.[參考譯文]經(jīng)濟學(xué)家們對英國和美國的有利的通貨膨脹數(shù)據(jù)尤其感到驚訝，因為傳統(tǒng)的計量方法顯示兩國的經(jīng)濟，特別是美國的經(jīng)濟，幾乎沒有生產(chǎn)蕭條的時候。

41.The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective.Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.[參考譯文]很不幸，這最令人震驚的解釋有一點缺陷。一些經(jīng)濟學(xué)家認(rèn)為世界經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的強有力的變化已經(jīng)結(jié)束了那個以經(jīng)濟增長和通貨膨脹的歷史關(guān)聯(lián)為基礎(chǔ)的舊的經(jīng)濟模式。

42.The Aswan Dam, for example, stopped the Nile flooding but deprived Egypt of the fertile silt that floods left-all in return for a giant reservoir of disease which is now so full of silt that it barely generates electricity.[參考譯文]例如，阿斯旺大壩使得尼羅河不再洪水泛濫，但是它也奪去了埃及以前所享有的洪水留下的肥沃淤泥--這些換來的就是這么個疾病滋生的水庫，現(xiàn)在這個水庫積滿了淤泥，幾乎不能發(fā)電了。

43.New ways of organizing the workplace--all that re-engineering and downsizing--are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.[參考譯文]企業(yè)重組的新方法--所有那些重新設(shè)計、縮小規(guī)模的做法--只是對一個經(jīng)濟的整體生產(chǎn)力做出了一方面的貢獻。這種經(jīng)濟還受許多其他因素的驅(qū)動，比如結(jié)合設(shè)備和機械上的投資、新技術(shù)，以及在教育和培訓(xùn)上的投資。

44.His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied reengineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long-term profitability.[參考譯文]他的同事邁克爾·比爾說，有太多的公司已經(jīng)用一種機械的方式實行公司內(nèi)部的重新設(shè)計，在沒有充分考慮長期贏利的能力下削減了成本。

45.Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as ”The Flight from Science and Reason“, held in New York City in 1995, and ”Science in the Age of(Miss)information, which assembled last June near Buffalo.[參考譯文]科學(xué)衛(wèi)士們在會議上也表述了他們的關(guān)注，比如1995 年在紐約市舉行的“ 逃離科學(xué)與理性”會議，以及去年6月在布法羅附近召開的“(錯誤)信息時代的科學(xué)”會議。

46.A survey of news stories in 1996 reveals that the anti-science tag has been attached to many other groups as well, from authorities who advocated the elimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans who advocated decreased funding for basic research.[參考譯文]一項關(guān)于1996年新聞報道的調(diào)查顯示，反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽還可以貼在許多其他 團體

身上，從提倡消滅最后存留的天花病毒的權(quán)威機構(gòu)，到鼓吹削減基礎(chǔ)研究經(jīng)費的共和黨人(都被貼上了反科學(xué)的標(biāo)簽)。

47.The 'true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.[參考譯文]環(huán)境研究的先驅(qū)、斯坦福大學(xué)的保羅·厄爾里西認(rèn)為，科學(xué)真正的敵人是那些對支持全球變暖、臭氧層損耗以及工業(yè)發(fā)展的其他后果的證據(jù)提出置疑的人。

48.This development--and its strong implication for US politics and econ·my in years ahead--has enthroned the South as America's most densely populated region for the first time in the history of the nation's head counting.[參考譯文]這種發(fā)展--以及其對美國政治、經(jīng)濟在未來幾年的潛在的強有力的影響一一 使得南部在全國人口普查中有史以來首次成為美國人口最密集的地區(qū)。

49.Often they choose--and still are choosing--somewhat colder climates such as Oregon, Ida ho and Alaska in order to escape smog crime and other plagues of urbanization in the Golden State.[參考譯文]他們常常選擇--現(xiàn)在依然這樣選擇--居住在那些氣候較為寒冷的地區(qū)，比如俄勒岡、愛達荷，還有阿拉斯加，為的是逃避煙霧、犯罪，以及“金州”(加利福尼亞)城市化進程中的其他問題。

50.As a result, California's growth rate dropped during the 1970's, to 18.5

percent--little more than two thirds the 1960's growth figure and considerably below that of other Western states.[參考譯文]結(jié)果，加利福尼亞的人口增長率在20 世紀(jì)70 年代時下降到了18.5％——稍高于60 年代增長率的三分之二，大大低于西部其他各州。

Long time on rain,I hold much expectations on the rain.Over the past three months,I leada fruitful life.I

made up my mind to attend the postgraduate admission examination,and set a specific life goal.Ever,ever,ever,I felt a loss due to my disorganized life.Time fiys,it puts my college life into an end,a forceful idea occurs to me that I experienced no pains,no gains belonged to me.Faced with the real life ,I waked

up from a fiction，a daydream.Recently,