第一篇：中國古詩名英文翻譯對照

中國古詩中英文翻譯對照

2009-12-16 19:57 來自《英譯唐詩名作選》作者：龔景浩

愛國華僑龔景浩先生數年前曾在商務印書館出版《英譯中國古詞精選》，受到讀者的欣賞和歡迎。他雖超過古稀之年，體力漸衰，但仍堅持詩歌翻譯的愛好。夜間常失眠，默誦唐詩，譯成英文詩來消遣。靜夜思 李白

Musings on a Quiet Night Li Bai 游子吟 孟郊

For Her Son Who'll Be Away for a While Meng Jiao 春曉 孟浩然

Spring Morn Meng Haoran 登鸛雀樓 王之渙

Going up the Stork Tower Wang Zhihuan 相思 王維

Love's Yearnings Wang Wei 憫農二首(一)李紳

Sympathy for the Peasants(I)Li Shen 憫農二首(二)李紳

Sympathy for the Peasants(H)Li Shen 竹里館 王維

A Cottage Among Bamboos Wang Wei 尋隱者不遇 賈島

Visiting a Recluse but Finding Him out Jia Dao 江雪 柳宗元

Snow on the River Liu Zongyuan 回鄉偶書(一)賀知章

Random Homecoming Writings(Ⅰ)He Zhizhang 九月九日憶山東兄弟 王維

Missing My Brothers on Double Ninth Day Wang Wei 樂游原 李商隱

A Spin Round Ancient Plain Li Shangyin 賦得古原草送別 白居易

Seeing off a Friend at Ancient Plain Bai Juyi 山中送別 王維

Seeing off an Old Friend from These Mountains Wang Wei 淮上與友人別 鄭谷

Parting from a Friend at Yangzhou Zheng Gu 送杜少府之任蜀川 王勃

Sending off a Friend Who Has Been Appointed a County-Level Official in Far-Away Sichuan Wang Bo 望月懷遠 張九齡

Gazing at the Moon and Thinking of Someone Faraway 1 Zhang J iuling 白石灘 王維

White Stone Beach Wang Wei 鳥鳴澗 王維

Birds Chirping over the Hill Creek Wang Wei 春夜喜雨 杜甫

Propitious Rain Falling at Midnight Du Fu 宿建德江 孟浩然

Staying Overnight on Jiande River Meng Haoran 滁州西澗 韋應物

Chuzhou's West Brook Wei Yingwu 題破山寺后禪院 常建

Meditation Rooms at the Back of the Cleft-Boulder Hill Temple Chang Jian 絕句 杜甫

A Heptasyllabic Quatrain Du Fu 闕題 劉脊虛

A Poem Lacking a Title Liu Shenxu 送元二使安西 王維

Sending off a Friend，Who Has Been Appointed Envoy to the West Lands Wang Wei 涼州詞 王之渙

Liangzhou Song Wang Zhihuan 涼州詞 王翰

Liangzhou Song Wang Hah 夜宿山寺 李白

Staying Overnight in a Mountain Temple Li Bai 雜詩(其二)王維

Miscellaneous Poems(Second in a Series)Wang Wei 問劉十九 自居易

Asking a Friend Bai Juyi 風 李嶠

Wind Li Qiao 馬詩 李賀

A Horse Poem Li He 秋浦歌 李白

Autumn Waterside Songs Li Bai 劍客 賈島

Jianke Jia Dao 于易水送人 駱賓王

Sending off a Warrior By the Yishui River LuG Binwang 春怨 金昌緒

Complaint Against Spring lin Changxu 竹枝詞 劉禹錫

The Bamboo Song Liu Yuxi 城東早春 楊巨源

Early Spring in East City Yang Juyuan 晚春 韓愈

Late Spring Han Yu 山亭夏日 高駢

A Summer's Day in a Hill Garden Gao Pian 秋日 耿諱

An Autumn Day Geng Wei 白雪歌送武判官歸京 岑參

Snow(For Chief of Secretarial Staff Wu，Who Was B&ng Called Back to the Capital)Cen Shen 過故人莊 孟浩然

Visiting an Old Friend's Country Place Meng Haoran 江村即事 司空曙

Scene from a Riverside Village Sikong Shu 社日 王駕

Community Day Wang Jia 送人游吳 杜荀鶴

Seeing off a Friend，Who Was Going to Tour Suzhou Du Xunhe 楓橋夜泊 張繼

Night Boat Call at Maple Bridge，Suzhou Zhang Ji 早發白帝城 李白

Sailing Early from Baidi Town Li Bai 黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵 李白

Seeing off Fellow Poet Meng Haoran，Who Was Leaving the Yellow Crane Tower for Yangzhou Li Bai 黃鶴樓 崔顥

The Yellow Crane Tower Cui Hao 夜雨寄北 李商隱

A Letter Sent North about These Nightly Rains in Bashan Mountains Li Shangyin 無題 李商隱

Poem Without a Title Li Shangyin 登幽州臺歌 陳子昂

Ascending Youzhou Terrace Chen Zi'ang 與諸子登峴首 孟浩然

Climbing Mount Xianshou with Scholarly Friends Meng Haoran 滕王閣 王勃

Prince of Teng's Pavilion-House Wang Bo 洛陽道 儲光羲

The Luoyang Highway Chu Guangxi 遣悲懷 元稹

Venting My Sorrow Yuan Zhen 3 贈賣松人 于武陵

To a Tree Vendor Yu Wuling 烏衣巷 劉禹錫

Black Robe Lane Liu Yuxi 清明 杜牧

The Day of Clear and Bright Du Mu 江南春 杜牧

Spring Comes to Jiangnan Du Mu 泊秦淮 杜牧

Overnight Stay on Qinhuai River，Nanjing Du Mu 山行 杜牧

Driving by the Mountain Du Mu 金縷衣 杜秋娘

Garment Stitched with Gold Threads Du Qiuniang 自遣 羅隱

Self Consolation Luo Yin 題都城南莊 崔護

South Side of the Capital City Cui Hu 月下獨酌 李白

Drinking Alone Underneath a Moon Li Bai 將進酒 李白

Drink Your Fill!Li Bai 春日憶李白 杜甫

Remembering Li Bai on a Spring Day Du Fu 春望 杜甫

Spring Outlook Du Fu 前出塞 杜甫

Song of the Fortified Town(One from a First Group of “Fortified Town” Poems)Du Fu 石壕吏 杜甫

A Village Official Du Fu 陪諸貴公子丈八溝攜妓納涼晚際遇雨 杜甫 A Cruise on Long-Ditch Creek in the Company of Some Young Gentlemen and Their “Hired” Ladies，and Got Caught in a Shower Along the Twilight Hour Du Fu 與朱山人 杜甫

To Zhu—the Mountain Person Du Fu 贈衛八處士 杜甫

To a Younger Friend，Who Is a Retiring Sort of Person Du Fu 4 李白篇

送友人 青山橫北郭 白水繞東城 此地一為別 孤蓬萬里征 浮云游子意 落日故人情 揮手自茲去 蕭蕭班馬鳴

Farewell To A Friend Green mountains bar the northern sky;White water girds the eastern town.Here is the place to say good-bye;You'll drift like lonely thisledown.With floating cloud you'll float away;Like parting day I'll part from you.We wave as you start on your way;Our steeds still neigh, “Adieu, adieu!”

登金陵鳳凰臺 鳳凰臺上鳳凰游 鳳去臺空江自流 吳宮花草埋幽徑 晉代衣冠成古丘 三山半落青天外 二水中分白鷺洲 總為浮云能蔽日 長安不見使人愁

On Phoenix Terrace At Jinling On Phoenix Terrace once phoenixes came to sing;The birds are gone, but still roll on the river's waves.The ruined palace's buried 'neath the weeds in spring;The ancient sages in caps and gowns all lie in graves.The three-peak'd mountain is half lost in azure sky;The two-fork'd stream by Egret Isle is kept apart.As floating clouds can veil the bright sun from the eye, Imperial Court, now out of sight, saddens my heart.5

宣州謝 眺

樓餞別校書叔云

棄我去者

昨日之日不可留 亂我心者

今日之日多煩憂 長風萬里送秋雁 對此可以酣高樓 蓬萊文章建安骨 中間小謝又清發 俱懷逸興壯思飛 欲上青天覽明月 抽刀斷水水更流 舉杯銷愁愁更愁 人生在世不稱意 明朝散發弄扁舟

Farewell To Uncle Yun, The Imperial Librarian, At The Xie Tiao Pavilion In Xuanzhou

What left me yesterday Can be retained no more;What worries me today Are the times for which I feel sore.In autumn wind for miles and miles the wild geese fly.Let's follow them with eyes and drink in tower high.Your writing's forcible, like ancient poets, while Mine is in Junior Xie's direct and easy style.Both of us have ambitions high;We'd bring the moon down from the sky.Cut running water with a sword, it will faster flow;Drink wine to drown your sorrow, it will heavier grow.If we despair in our lifetime of all affairs, Tomorrow let us sail away with loosened hairs.贈汪倫

李白乘舟將欲行 忽聞岸上踏歌聲 桃花潭水深千尺

不及汪倫送我情 To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o'erflow.However deep the Lake of Peach Blossom may be, It's not so deep, O Wang Lun!as your love for me.早發白帝城 朝辭白帝彩云間 千里江陵一日還 兩岸猿聲啼不住 輕舟已過萬重山

Leaving White Emperor Town At Dawn Leaving at dawn the White Emperor crowned with cloud, I've sailed a thousand li through canyons in a day.With monkeys' sad adieus the riverbanks are loud;My skiff has left ten thousand mountains far away.月下獨酌 花間一壺酒 獨酌無相親 舉杯邀明月 對影成三人 月既不解飲 影徒隨我身 暫伴月將影 行樂須及春 我歌月徘徊 我舞影零亂 醒時同交歡 醉后各分散 永結無情游 相期邈云漢

Drinking Alone Under The Moon Among the flowers from a pot of wine I drink alone beneath the bright moonshine.I raise my cup to invite the moon, who blends 7 Her light with my shadow and we're three friends.The moon does not know how to drink her share;In vain my shadow follows me here and there.Together with them for the time I stay And make merry before spring's spend away.I sing the moon to linger with my song;My shadow disperses as I dance along.Sober, we three remain cheerful and gay;Drunken, we part and each goes his way.Our friendship will outshine all earthly love;Next time we'll meet beyond the stars above.杜甫篇

望岳

岱宗夫如何 齊魯青未了 造化鐘神秀 陰陽割昏曉 蕩胸生層云 決眥入歸鳥 會當凌絕頂 一覽眾山小

Gazing At Mount Tai O, peak of peaks, how high it stands!One boundless green o'erspreads two states.A marvel done by nature's hands, O'er light ang shade it dominates.Clouds rise therefrom and lave my breast;I strain my eyes and see birds fleet.I must ascend the mountain's crest;It dwarfs all peaks under my feet.贈李白

秋來相顧尚飄蓬 未就丹砂愧葛洪 痛飲狂歌空度日

飛揚跋扈為誰雄 To Li Bai When autumn comes, you're drifting still like thistledown.You try to find the way to heaven, but you fail.In singing mad and drinking dead your days you drown.For whom will fly the roc? For whom will leap the whale?

兵車行 車轔轔 馬蕭蕭

行人弓箭各在腰 耶娘妻子走相送 塵埃不見咸陽橋 牽衣頓足攔道哭 哭聲直上干云霄 道旁過者問行人 行人但云點行頻 或從十五北防河 便至四十西營田 去時里正與裹頭 歸來頭白還戍邊 邊廷流血成海水 武皇開邊意未已

君不聞漢家山東二百州千村萬落生荊杞 縱有健婦把鋤犁 禾生隴畝無東西 況復秦兵耐苦戰 被驅不異犬與雞 長者雖有問 役夫敢伸恨 且如今年冬 未休關西卒 縣官急索租 租稅從何出 信知生男惡 反是生女好 生女猶得嫁比鄰 生男埋沒隨百草 君不見青海頭

古來白骨無人收

新鬼煩冤舊鬼哭 天陰雨濕聲啾啾

Song Of The Conscripts Chariots rumble and horses grumble.The conscripts march with bow and arrows at the waist.Their fathers, mothers, wives and children come in haste To see them off;the bridge is shrouded in dust they've raised.They clutch at the men's coats and stamp and bar the way;Their grief cries loud and strikes the cloud straight, straightaway.Another onlooker by roadside asks an enrollee, “The conscription is frequent,” only answers he.“Some went north at fifteen to guard the rivershore And were sent west to till the land at forty-four.The elder bound their young heads when they went away;Just home, they're sent to the frontier though their hair's grey.The field on borderland becomes a sea of blood;The emperor's greed for land is still at high blood.Have you not heard two hundred districts east of the Hua Mountain lie Where briers and brambles grow in villages far and night? Although stout women can wield the plough and the hoe, They know not east from west where thorns and weeds o'ergrow.The enemy are used to hard and stubborn fight: Our men are driven just like dogs or fowls in flight.You are kind to ask me.To complain I'm not free.In winter of this year Conscription goes on here.The magistrates for taxes press;How can we pay them in distress!If we had known sons bring no joy, We'd have preferred girl to boy.A daughter can be married to a neighbour, alas!A son can only be buried under the grass!Have you not seen On borders green Bleached bones since olden days unburied on the plain? The old ghosts weep and cry, while the new ghosts complain;The air is loud with screech and scream in gloomy rain.”

將 進 酒----李白

君不見，黃河之水天上來，奔流到海不復回？

君不見，高堂明鏡悲白發，朝如青絲暮成雪？ 人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對月，天生我材必有用，千金散盡還復來。

烹羊宰牛且為樂，會須一飲三百杯。岑夫子！丹丘生！將進酒； 君莫停。

與君歌一曲，請君為我側耳聽。鐘鼓饌玉不足貴，但愿長醉不愿醒。古來圣賢皆寂寞，惟有飲者留其名。陳王昔時宴平樂，斗酒十千恣歡謔。主人何為言少錢？ 徑須沽取對君酌。五花馬，千金裘。

呼兒將出換美酒，與爾同消萬古愁。Folk-song-styled-verse Li Bai BRINGING IN THE WINE

See how the Yellow River“s waters move out of heaven.Entering the ocean, never to return.See how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers, Though silken-black at morning, have changed by night to snow....Oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases And never tip his golden cup empty toward the moon!Since heaven gave the talent, let it be employed!Spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!Cook a sheep, kill a cow, whet the appetite, And make me, of three hundred bowls, one long drink!...To the old master, Cen, And the young scholar, Danqiu, Bring in the wine!Let your cups never rest!Let me sing you a song!Let your ears attend!What are bell and drum, rare dishes and treasure? Let me be forever drunk and never come to reason!Sober men of olden days and sages are forgotten, And only the great drinkers are famous for all time....Prince Chen paid at a banquet in the Palace of Perfection Ten thousand coins for a cask of wine, with many a laugh and quip.Why say, my host, that your money is gone? Go and buy wine and we”ll drink it together!11 My flower-dappled horse, My furs worth a thousand, Hand them to the boy to exchange for good wine, And we“ll drown away the woes of ten thousand generations!王維 送別

下馬飲君酒，問君何所之？ 君言不得意，歸臥南山陲。但去莫復聞，白云無盡時。Five-character-quatrain Wang Wei AT PARTING

I dismount from my horse and I offer you wine, And I ask you where you are going and why.And you answer: ”I am discontent And would rest at the foot of the southern mountain.So give me leave and ask me no questions.White clouds pass there without end."

七言絕句

送孟浩然之廣陵 李白

故人西辭黃鶴樓，煙花三月下揚州。孤帆遠影碧空盡，惟見長江天際流。

Seven-character-quatrain A FAREWELL TO MENG HAORAN ON HIS WAY TO YANGZHOU Li Bai You have left me behind, old friend, at the Yellow Crane Terrace, On your way to visit Yangzhou in the misty month of flowers;Your sail, a single shadow, becomes one with the blue sky, Till now I see only the river, on its way to heaven.From hill tohill no birds in flight，千山鳥飛絕 From path to path no mean in sight.萬徑人蹤滅。A straw--clocked man in a boat，孤舟蓑笠翁，Fishing on rever dad covered is snow.獨釣寒江雪。無 題

作者：李商隱 原 文

相見時難別亦難，東風無力百花殘。春蠶到死絲方盡，蠟炬成灰淚始干。曉鏡但愁云鬢改，夜吟應覺月光寒。蓬山此去無多路，青鳥殷勤為探看。

譯文：So hard for us to meet, Harder still to part.Languid though the east wind, Faded flowers are blown apart.The silkworm’s silk is exhausted Only when its life is spent;The candle’s tears are dried, When itself to cinder’s burnt

觀滄海(曹操)東臨碣石，以觀滄海。水何澹澹，山島竦峙。

樹木叢生，百草豐茂。秋風蕭瑟，洪波涌起。

日月之行，若出其中； 星漢燦爛，若出其里。

幸甚至哉！歌以詠志。The Sea I come to view the boundless ocean From Stony Hill on eastern shore.Its water rolls in rhythmic motion, And islands stand amid its roar.Tree on tree grows from peak to peak;Grass on grass looks lush far and nigh.The autumn wind blows drear and bleak;The monstrous billows surge up high.The sun by day, the moon by night Appear to rise up from the deep.The Milky Way with stars so bright 13 Sinks down into the sea in sleep.How happy I feel at this sight!I croon this poem in delight.Oh, but it is high and very dangerous!Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky....Until two rulers of this region Pushed their way through in the misty ages, Forty-eight thousand years had passed With nobody arriving across the Qin border.And the Great White Mountain, westward, still has only a bird's path Up to the summit of Emei Peak--Which was broken once by an earthquake and there were brave men lost, Just finishing the stone rungs of their ladder toward heaven....High, as on a tall flag, six dragons drive the sun, While the river, far below, lashes its twisted course.Such height would be hard going for even a yellow crane, So pity the poor monkeys who have only paws to use.The Mountain of Green Clay is formed of many circles-Each hundred steps, we have to turn nine turns among its mound--Panting, we brush Orion and pass the Well Star, Then, holding our chests with our hands and sinking to the ground with a groan, We wonder if this westward trail will never have an end.The formidable path ahead grows darker, darker still, With nothing heard but the call of birds hemmed in by the ancient forest, Male birds smoothly wheeling, following the females;And there come to us the melancholy voices of the cuckoos Out on the empty mountain, under the lonely moon....Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky.Even to hear of it turns the cheek pale, With the highest crag barely a foot below heaven.Dry pines hang, head down, from the face of the cliffs, And a thousand plunging cataracts outroar one another And send through ten thousand valleys a thunder of spinning stones.With all this danger upon danger, Why do people come here who live at a safe distance?...Though Dagger-Tower Pass be firm and grim, And while one man guards it Ten thousand cannot force it, What if he be not loyal, 14 But a wolf toward his fellows?...There are ravenous tigers to fear in the day And venomous reptiles in the night With their teeth and their fangs ready To cut people down like hemp.Though the City of Silk be delectable, I would rather turn home quickly.Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky....But I still face westward with a dreary moan.

第二篇：中國古詩名英文翻譯對照

中國古詩中英文翻譯對照

2009-12-16 19:57 來自《英譯唐詩名作選》作者：龔景浩

愛國華僑龔景浩先生數年前曾在商務印書館出版《英譯中國古詞精選》，受到讀者的欣賞和歡迎。他雖超過古稀之年，體力漸衰，但仍堅持詩歌翻譯的愛好。夜間常失眠，默誦唐詩，譯成英文詩來消遣。靜夜思 李白

Musings on a Quiet Night Li Bai 游子吟 孟郊

For Her Son Who'll Be Away for a While Meng Jiao 春曉 孟浩然

Spring Morn Meng Haoran 登鸛雀樓 王之渙

Going up the Stork Tower Wang Zhihuan 相思 王維

Love's Yearnings Wang Wei 憫農二首(一)李紳

Sympathy for the Peasants(I)Li Shen 憫農二首(二)李紳

Sympathy for the Peasants(H)Li Shen 竹里館 王維

A Cottage Among Bamboos Wang Wei 尋隱者不遇 賈島

Visiting a Recluse but Finding Him out Jia Dao 江雪 柳宗元

Snow on the River Liu Zongyuan 回鄉偶書(一)賀知章

Random Homecoming Writings(Ⅰ)He Zhizhang 九月九日憶山東兄弟 王維

Missing My Brothers on Double Ninth Day Wang Wei 樂游原 李商隱

A Spin Round Ancient Plain Li Shangyin 賦得古原草送別 白居易

Seeing off a Friend at Ancient Plain Bai Juyi 山中送別 王維

Seeing off an Old Friend from These Mountains Wang Wei 淮上與友人別 鄭谷

Parting from a Friend at Yangzhou Zheng Gu 送杜少府之任蜀川 王勃

Sending off a Friend Who Has Been Appointed a County-Level Official in Far-Away Sichuan Wang Bo 望月懷遠 張九齡

Gazing at the Moon and Thinking of Someone Faraway 1 Zhang J iuling 白石灘 王維

White Stone Beach Wang Wei 鳥鳴澗 王維

Birds Chirping over the Hill Creek Wang Wei 春夜喜雨 杜甫

Propitious Rain Falling at Midnight Du Fu 宿建德江 孟浩然

Staying Overnight on Jiande River Meng Haoran 滁州西澗 韋應物

Chuzhou's West Brook Wei Yingwu 題破山寺后禪院 常建

Meditation Rooms at the Back of the Cleft-Boulder Hill Temple Chang Jian 絕句 杜甫

A Heptasyllabic Quatrain Du Fu 闕題 劉脊虛

A Poem Lacking a Title Liu Shenxu 送元二使安西 王維

Sending off a Friend，Who Has Been Appointed Envoy to the West Lands Wang Wei 涼州詞 王之渙

Liangzhou Song Wang Zhihuan 涼州詞 王翰

Liangzhou Song Wang Hah 夜宿山寺 李白

Staying Overnight in a Mountain Temple Li Bai 雜詩(其二)王維

Miscellaneous Poems(Second in a Series)Wang Wei 問劉十九 自居易

Asking a Friend Bai Juyi 風 李嶠

Wind Li Qiao 馬詩 李賀

A Horse Poem Li He 秋浦歌 李白

Autumn Waterside Songs Li Bai 劍客 賈島

Jianke Jia Dao 于易水送人 駱賓王

Sending off a Warrior By the Yishui River LuG Binwang 春怨 金昌緒

Complaint Against Spring lin Changxu 竹枝詞 劉禹錫

The Bamboo Song Liu Yuxi 城東早春 楊巨源

Early Spring in East City Yang Juyuan 晚春 韓愈

Late Spring Han Yu 山亭夏日 高駢

A Summer's Day in a Hill Garden Gao Pian 秋日 耿諱

An Autumn Day Geng Wei 白雪歌送武判官歸京 岑參

Snow(For Chief of Secretarial Staff Wu，Who Was B&ng Called Back to the Capital)Cen Shen 過故人莊 孟浩然

Visiting an Old Friend's Country Place Meng Haoran 江村即事 司空曙

Scene from a Riverside Village Sikong Shu 社日 王駕

Community Day Wang Jia 送人游吳 杜荀鶴

Seeing off a Friend，Who Was Going to Tour Suzhou Du Xunhe 楓橋夜泊 張繼

Night Boat Call at Maple Bridge，Suzhou Zhang Ji 早發白帝城 李白

Sailing Early from Baidi Town Li Bai 黃鶴樓送孟浩然之廣陵 李白

Seeing off Fellow Poet Meng Haoran，Who Was Leaving the Yellow Crane Tower for Yangzhou Li Bai 黃鶴樓 崔顥

The Yellow Crane Tower Cui Hao 夜雨寄北 李商隱

A Letter Sent North about These Nightly Rains in Bashan Mountains Li Shangyin 無題 李商隱

Poem Without a Title Li Shangyin 登幽州臺歌 陳子昂

Ascending Youzhou Terrace Chen Zi'ang 與諸子登峴首 孟浩然

Climbing Mount Xianshou with Scholarly Friends Meng Haoran 滕王閣 王勃

Prince of Teng's Pavilion-House Wang Bo 洛陽道 儲光羲

The Luoyang Highway Chu Guangxi 遣悲懷 元稹

Venting My Sorrow Yuan Zhen 3 贈賣松人 于武陵

To a Tree Vendor Yu Wuling 烏衣巷 劉禹錫

Black Robe Lane Liu Yuxi 清明 杜牧

The Day of Clear and Bright Du Mu 江南春 杜牧

Spring Comes to Jiangnan Du Mu 泊秦淮 杜牧

Overnight Stay on Qinhuai River，Nanjing Du Mu 山行 杜牧

Driving by the Mountain Du Mu 金縷衣 杜秋娘

Garment Stitched with Gold Threads Du Qiuniang 自遣 羅隱

Self Consolation Luo Yin 題都城南莊 崔護

South Side of the Capital City Cui Hu 月下獨酌 李白

Drinking Alone Underneath a Moon Li Bai 將進酒 李白

Drink Your Fill!Li Bai 春日憶李白 杜甫

Remembering Li Bai on a Spring Day Du Fu 春望 杜甫

Spring Outlook Du Fu 前出塞 杜甫

Song of the Fortified Town(One from a First Group of “Fortified Town” Poems)Du Fu 石壕吏 杜甫

A Village Official Du Fu 陪諸貴公子丈八溝攜妓納涼晚際遇雨 杜甫 A Cruise on Long-Ditch Creek in the Company of Some Young Gentlemen and Their “Hired” Ladies，and Got Caught in a Shower Along the Twilight Hour Du Fu 與朱山人 杜甫

To Zhu—the Mountain Person Du Fu 贈衛八處士 杜甫

To a Younger Friend，Who Is a Retiring Sort of Person Du Fu 4 李白篇

送友人 青山橫北郭 白水繞東城 此地一為別 孤蓬萬里征 浮云游子意 落日故人情 揮手自茲去 蕭蕭班馬鳴

Farewell To A Friend Green mountains bar the northern sky;White water girds the eastern town.Here is the place to say good-bye;You'll drift like lonely thisledown.With floating cloud you'll float away;Like parting day I'll part from you.We wave as you start on your way;Our steeds still neigh, “Adieu, adieu!”

登金陵鳳凰臺 鳳凰臺上鳳凰游 鳳去臺空江自流 吳宮花草埋幽徑 晉代衣冠成古丘 三山半落青天外 二水中分白鷺洲 總為浮云能蔽日 長安不見使人愁

On Phoenix Terrace At Jinling On Phoenix Terrace once phoenixes came to sing;The birds are gone, but still roll on the river's waves.The ruined palace's buried 'neath the weeds in spring;The ancient sages in caps and gowns all lie in graves.The three-peak'd mountain is half lost in azure sky;The two-fork'd stream by Egret Isle is kept apart.As floating clouds can veil the bright sun from the eye, Imperial Court, now out of sight, saddens my heart.5

宣州謝 眺

樓餞別校書叔云

棄我去者

昨日之日不可留 亂我心者

今日之日多煩憂 長風萬里送秋雁 對此可以酣高樓 蓬萊文章建安骨 中間小謝又清發 俱懷逸興壯思飛 欲上青天覽明月 抽刀斷水水更流 舉杯銷愁愁更愁 人生在世不稱意 明朝散發弄扁舟

Farewell To Uncle Yun, The Imperial Librarian, At The Xie Tiao Pavilion In Xuanzhou

What left me yesterday Can be retained no more;What worries me today Are the times for which I feel sore.In autumn wind for miles and miles the wild geese fly.Let's follow them with eyes and drink in tower high.Your writing's forcible, like ancient poets, while Mine is in Junior Xie's direct and easy style.Both of us have ambitions high;We'd bring the moon down from the sky.Cut running water with a sword, it will faster flow;Drink wine to drown your sorrow, it will heavier grow.If we despair in our lifetime of all affairs, Tomorrow let us sail away with loosened hairs.贈汪倫

李白乘舟將欲行 忽聞岸上踏歌聲 桃花潭水深千尺

不及汪倫送我情 To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o'erflow.However deep the Lake of Peach Blossom may be, It's not so deep, O Wang Lun!as your love for me.早發白帝城 朝辭白帝彩云間 千里江陵一日還 兩岸猿聲啼不住 輕舟已過萬重山

Leaving White Emperor Town At Dawn Leaving at dawn the White Emperor crowned with cloud, I've sailed a thousand li through canyons in a day.With monkeys' sad adieus the riverbanks are loud;My skiff has left ten thousand mountains far away.月下獨酌 花間一壺酒 獨酌無相親 舉杯邀明月 對影成三人 月既不解飲 影徒隨我身 暫伴月將影 行樂須及春 我歌月徘徊 我舞影零亂 醒時同交歡 醉后各分散 永結無情游 相期邈云漢

Drinking Alone Under The Moon Among the flowers from a pot of wine I drink alone beneath the bright moonshine.I raise my cup to invite the moon, who blends 7 Her light with my shadow and we're three friends.The moon does not know how to drink her share;In vain my shadow follows me here and there.Together with them for the time I stay And make merry before spring's spend away.I sing the moon to linger with my song;My shadow disperses as I dance along.Sober, we three remain cheerful and gay;Drunken, we part and each goes his way.Our friendship will outshine all earthly love;Next time we'll meet beyond the stars above.杜甫篇

望岳

岱宗夫如何 齊魯青未了 造化鐘神秀 陰陽割昏曉 蕩胸生層云 決眥入歸鳥 會當凌絕頂 一覽眾山小

Gazing At Mount Tai O, peak of peaks, how high it stands!One boundless green o'erspreads two states.A marvel done by nature's hands, O'er light ang shade it dominates.Clouds rise therefrom and lave my breast;I strain my eyes and see birds fleet.I must ascend the mountain's crest;It dwarfs all peaks under my feet.贈李白

秋來相顧尚飄蓬 未就丹砂愧葛洪 痛飲狂歌空度日

飛揚跋扈為誰雄 To Li Bai When autumn comes, you're drifting still like thistledown.You try to find the way to heaven, but you fail.In singing mad and drinking dead your days you drown.For whom will fly the roc? For whom will leap the whale?

兵車行 車轔轔 馬蕭蕭

行人弓箭各在腰 耶娘妻子走相送 塵埃不見咸陽橋 牽衣頓足攔道哭 哭聲直上干云霄 道旁過者問行人 行人但云點行頻 或從十五北防河 便至四十西營田 去時里正與裹頭 歸來頭白還戍邊 邊廷流血成海水 武皇開邊意未已

君不聞漢家山東二百州千村萬落生荊杞 縱有健婦把鋤犁 禾生隴畝無東西 況復秦兵耐苦戰 被驅不異犬與雞 長者雖有問 役夫敢伸恨 且如今年冬 未休關西卒 縣官急索租 租稅從何出 信知生男惡 反是生女好 生女猶得嫁比鄰 生男埋沒隨百草 君不見青海頭

古來白骨無人收

新鬼煩冤舊鬼哭 天陰雨濕聲啾啾

Song Of The Conscripts Chariots rumble and horses grumble.The conscripts march with bow and arrows at the waist.Their fathers, mothers, wives and children come in haste To see them off;the bridge is shrouded in dust they've raised.They clutch at the men's coats and stamp and bar the way;Their grief cries loud and strikes the cloud straight, straightaway.Another onlooker by roadside asks an enrollee, “The conscription is frequent,” only answers he.“Some went north at fifteen to guard the rivershore And were sent west to till the land at forty-four.The elder bound their young heads when they went away;Just home, they're sent to the frontier though their hair's grey.The field on borderland becomes a sea of blood;The emperor's greed for land is still at high blood.Have you not heard two hundred districts east of the Hua Mountain lie Where briers and brambles grow in villages far and night? Although stout women can wield the plough and the hoe, They know not east from west where thorns and weeds o'ergrow.The enemy are used to hard and stubborn fight: Our men are driven just like dogs or fowls in flight.You are kind to ask me.To complain I'm not free.In winter of this year Conscription goes on here.The magistrates for taxes press;How can we pay them in distress!If we had known sons bring no joy, We'd have preferred girl to boy.A daughter can be married to a neighbour, alas!A son can only be buried under the grass!Have you not seen On borders green Bleached bones since olden days unburied on the plain? The old ghosts weep and cry, while the new ghosts complain;The air is loud with screech and scream in gloomy rain.”

將 進 酒----李白

君不見，黃河之水天上來，奔流到海不復回？

君不見，高堂明鏡悲白發，朝如青絲暮成雪？ 人生得意須盡歡，莫使金樽空對月，天生我材必有用，千金散盡還復來。

烹羊宰牛且為樂，會須一飲三百杯。岑夫子！丹丘生！將進酒； 君莫停。

與君歌一曲，請君為我側耳聽。鐘鼓饌玉不足貴，但愿長醉不愿醒。古來圣賢皆寂寞，惟有飲者留其名。陳王昔時宴平樂，斗酒十千恣歡謔。主人何為言少錢？ 徑須沽取對君酌。五花馬，千金裘。

呼兒將出換美酒，與爾同消萬古愁。Folk-song-styled-verse Li Bai BRINGING IN THE WINE

See how the Yellow River“s waters move out of heaven.Entering the ocean, never to return.See how lovely locks in bright mirrors in high chambers, Though silken-black at morning, have changed by night to snow....Oh, let a man of spirit venture where he pleases And never tip his golden cup empty toward the moon!Since heaven gave the talent, let it be employed!Spin a thousand pieces of silver, all of them come back!Cook a sheep, kill a cow, whet the appetite, And make me, of three hundred bowls, one long drink!...To the old master, Cen, And the young scholar, Danqiu, Bring in the wine!Let your cups never rest!Let me sing you a song!Let your ears attend!What are bell and drum, rare dishes and treasure? Let me be forever drunk and never come to reason!Sober men of olden days and sages are forgotten, And only the great drinkers are famous for all time....Prince Chen paid at a banquet in the Palace of Perfection Ten thousand coins for a cask of wine, with many a laugh and quip.Why say, my host, that your money is gone? Go and buy wine and we”ll drink it together!11 My flower-dappled horse, My furs worth a thousand, Hand them to the boy to exchange for good wine, And we“ll drown away the woes of ten thousand generations!王維 送別

下馬飲君酒，問君何所之？ 君言不得意，歸臥南山陲。但去莫復聞，白云無盡時。Five-character-quatrain Wang Wei AT PARTING

I dismount from my horse and I offer you wine, And I ask you where you are going and why.And you answer: ”I am discontent And would rest at the foot of the southern mountain.So give me leave and ask me no questions.White clouds pass there without end."

七言絕句

送孟浩然之廣陵 李白

故人西辭黃鶴樓，煙花三月下揚州。孤帆遠影碧空盡，惟見長江天際流。

Seven-character-quatrain A FAREWELL TO MENG HAORAN ON HIS WAY TO YANGZHOU Li Bai You have left me behind, old friend, at the Yellow Crane Terrace, On your way to visit Yangzhou in the misty month of flowers;Your sail, a single shadow, becomes one with the blue sky, Till now I see only the river, on its way to heaven.From hill tohill no birds in flight，千山鳥飛絕 From path to path no mean in sight.萬徑人蹤滅。A straw--clocked man in a boat，孤舟蓑笠翁，Fishing on rever dad covered is snow.獨釣寒江雪。無 題

作者：李商隱 原 文

相見時難別亦難，東風無力百花殘。春蠶到死絲方盡，蠟炬成灰淚始干。曉鏡但愁云鬢改，夜吟應覺月光寒。蓬山此去無多路，青鳥殷勤為探看。

譯文：So hard for us to meet, Harder still to part.Languid though the east wind, Faded flowers are blown apart.The silkworm’s silk is exhausted Only when its life is spent;The candle’s tears are dried, When itself to cinder’s burnt

觀滄海(曹操)東臨碣石，以觀滄海。水何澹澹，山島竦峙。

樹木叢生，百草豐茂。秋風蕭瑟，洪波涌起。

日月之行，若出其中； 星漢燦爛，若出其里。

幸甚至哉！歌以詠志。The Sea I come to view the boundless ocean From Stony Hill on eastern shore.Its water rolls in rhythmic motion, And islands stand amid its roar.Tree on tree grows from peak to peak;Grass on grass looks lush far and nigh.The autumn wind blows drear and bleak;The monstrous billows surge up high.The sun by day, the moon by night Appear to rise up from the deep.The Milky Way with stars so bright 13 Sinks down into the sea in sleep.How happy I feel at this sight!I croon this poem in delight.Oh, but it is high and very dangerous!Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky....Until two rulers of this region Pushed their way through in the misty ages, Forty-eight thousand years had passed With nobody arriving across the Qin border.And the Great White Mountain, westward, still has only a bird's path Up to the summit of Emei Peak--Which was broken once by an earthquake and there were brave men lost, Just finishing the stone rungs of their ladder toward heaven....High, as on a tall flag, six dragons drive the sun, While the river, far below, lashes its twisted course.Such height would be hard going for even a yellow crane, So pity the poor monkeys who have only paws to use.The Mountain of Green Clay is formed of many circles-Each hundred steps, we have to turn nine turns among its mound--Panting, we brush Orion and pass the Well Star, Then, holding our chests with our hands and sinking to the ground with a groan, We wonder if this westward trail will never have an end.The formidable path ahead grows darker, darker still, With nothing heard but the call of birds hemmed in by the ancient forest, Male birds smoothly wheeling, following the females;And there come to us the melancholy voices of the cuckoos Out on the empty mountain, under the lonely moon....Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky.Even to hear of it turns the cheek pale, With the highest crag barely a foot below heaven.Dry pines hang, head down, from the face of the cliffs, And a thousand plunging cataracts outroar one another And send through ten thousand valleys a thunder of spinning stones.With all this danger upon danger, Why do people come here who live at a safe distance?...Though Dagger-Tower Pass be firm and grim, And while one man guards it Ten thousand cannot force it, What if he be not loyal, 14 But a wolf toward his fellows?...There are ravenous tigers to fear in the day And venomous reptiles in the night With their teeth and their fangs ready To cut people down like hemp.Though the City of Silk be delectable, I would rather turn home quickly.Such travelling is harder than scaling the blue sky....But I still face westward with a dreary moan.春曉

孟浩然

春眠不覺曉，處處聞啼鳥；

夜來風雨聲，花落知多少！

譯文一（W.Bynner與江亢虎合譯）

A Spring Morning By Meng Haoran I awake light-hearted this morning of spring, Everywhere round me the singing of birds---But now I remember the night, the storm, And I wonder how many blossoms were broken.譯文二（許淵沖譯）

A Spring Morning By Meng Haoran This morning of spring in bed I’m lying.Not woke up till I hear birds crying.After a night of wind and showers How many are the fallen flowers? 譯文三（載郭著章、傅惠生編《千家詩》英漢對照）

The Spring Dawn Slumbering, I know not the spring dawn is peeping.But everywhere the singing birds are cheeping.Last night I heard the rain dripping and the wind weeping.How many petals were now on the ground sleeping.譯文四（張廷琛chen魏博思合譯）

Spring Dawn Oversleeping in spring I missed the dawn;Now everywhere the cries of birds are heard.Tumult of wind and rain had filled the night---How many blossoms fell during the storm? 譯文五（孫大雨譯）

Spring Dawn Feeling not when cometh th’ peep of spring dawn,Everywhere birds’ songs I hear in my slumber,Through the sounds of wind and rain all th’ night long,Know I not how many th’ flowers fall in number.譯文六（龔景浩譯）

Spring Morn Spring slumber goes on and on.Everywhere you hear bird’s song.Last night there was wind and rain.How many flowers in mud have lain!16 竹里館 The Bamboo Lodge

Seated alone by shadowy bamboos，I strum my lyre and laugh aloud；

None knows that I am here，deep in the woods； Only the bright moon comes to shine on me.獨坐幽篁里，彈琴復長嘯。深林人不知，明月來相照。

第三篇：鋼結構英文翻譯對照

鋼結構部分術語中英文

Steel structure 面積：area 結構形式：framework 坡度：slope 跨度：span 柱距：bay spacing 檐高：eave height 屋面板：roof plate 墻面板：wall plate 梁底凈高: clean/net height 屋面系統: roof sys 招標文件: tender doc 建筑結構結構可靠度設計統一標準:

unified standard for designing of architecture construction reliability 建筑結構荷載設計規范: load design standard for architecture construction 建筑抗震設計規范: anti-seismic design standard for architecture 鋼結構設計規范: steel structure design standard 冷彎薄壁型鋼結構技術規范: technical standard for cold bend and thick steel structure 門式鋼架輕型房屋鋼結構技術規范:

technical specification for steel structure of light weight building with gabled frames 鋼結構焊接規程: welding specification for steel structure 鋼結構工程施工及驗收規范: checking standard for constructing and checking of steel structure 壓型金屬板設計施工規程: design and construction specification for steel panel 荷載條件：load condition 屋面活荷載：live load on roof

屋面懸掛荷載：suspended load in roof 風荷載：wind load 雪荷載：snow load 抗震等級：seismic load 變形控制：deflect control 柱間支撐X撐：X bracing 主結構：primary structure 鋼架梁柱、端墻柱: frame beam, frame column, and end-wall column 鋼材牌號為Q345或相當牌號，大型鋼廠出品：Q345 or equivalent, from the major steel mill 表面處理：拋丸除銹Sa2.5級，環氧富鋅漆，兩底兩面，總厚度為125UM。表面噴涂防火材料，防火等級為：柱2小時，梁1.5小時

Surface treatment: shot blasting to Sa2.5,zinc rich epoxy paint.2 primer paint and 2 finish paint.total dry film thickness 125 um.Spraying fireproof painting on surface, for column 2 hours and beam 1.5 hours.次結構包括：屋面檁條、圍梁、門窗開口加強等，工廠軋制成C型、Z型截面，工廠預沖孔。Secondary structure included purlins, girts, roof opening and wall opening reinforcement, prepunched and rolled to C or Z section on factory machine.材質：熱浸鍍鋅卷材，Q345或相當牌號，大型鋼廠出品或進口。Material : hot-dipped galvanized steel coil, Q345 or equivalent, from the major domestic steel mills or imported.支撐系統：bracing sys

鋼結構部分術語中英文

Steel structure 包括X型柱間支撐、屋面支撐、拉條及隅撐等。采用圓鋼、鋼管或角鋼等。

Bracing sys includes X bracing between columns, roof bracing, tie rods and angle bracing.Round bars, steel tubes or angle profiles are used.屋面系統：roof sys 屋面外板：采用通過美國FM認證打開色鍍鋅SS360直立鎖縫板，卷板為寶鋼出品，24Ga厚，正常使用壽命為20年。

Roof panel: FM certificated alum-zinc standing seam 360 roof panel.The raw material is alum-zinc alloy coated steel from Baosteel, 24Ga thickness.Warranty of coating is 20 years in normal use.屋面保溫棉：采用歐文斯-科寧（Owens-corning）公司生產的結構用玻璃棉氈，厚度為75mm容重為14K/M3，WR8貼面。

Roof insulation: fiber glass insulation blanket from Owens –corning, thickness is 75mm, 14Kg/m3, WR8 facing.屋面采光板：單層，基本均勻布置，屋面面積的2% Roof skylight panel: single layered,2%area of roof, evenly allocated.過廊部分的屋面板：單層，無保溫，材質同外墻面板。

Roof panel in corridor area: single layered color plate without insulation, same panel with exterior wall panel.墻面系統：wall sys 墻面外板：采用通過美國FM認證的LSP板，卷板為寶鋼出品，彩色鍍鋁鋅板，PVDF涂層，26Gamm厚。正常使用情況下的壽命為20年。

Exterior wall panel: FM certificated shanghai ABC’s long span panel(LSP).Raw material is alum-zinc steel from Baosteel with PVDF coating, 26Ga thickness.warranty period is 20 years in normal use.墻面保溫棉：采用歐文斯-科寧）（Owens-corning）公司生產的結構用玻璃棉氈，厚度為75mm，容重為12Kg/m3,貼面為鋁箔(aluminum foil)。

Wall insulation: fiberglass insulation blanket from Owens-corning, thickness is 75mm,12Kg/m3, FSK facing.墻面內板：上海美建生產的LSP3板，材料為寶鋼出品，彩色鍍鋅板，PE涂層，28Ga厚。Interior wall insulation : ShangHai ABC’s LSP3 panel.Raw material is galvanized steel from Baosteel with PE coating, 28Ga thickness.雨棚：材質同外墻壁面板，單層，其中：卸貨棚的30m*10.75m(寬*長，下同)一個大雨棚為拉桿式雨棚；1m*2.2m的懸挑雨棚5個，1.2m*5.1m懸挑雨棚1個。

Single layered color plate without insulation, same material and panel with exterior wall panel.Besides, one 30m*10.75m(width*hanging length, the same below)tension rod type canopy in unload area;five of 1m*2.2m hanging canopies and one 1.2m*5.1m hanging canopy in main workshop wall.女兒墻：雙層板結構，外側板材同外墻面板，內側板材質同外屋面板。沿新建廠房一周的同坡女兒墻，高度為400mm.Parapet: double layered color plate without insulation;exterior side has the same material with exterior wall panel and interior side with exterior roof panel.The parapet has the same slope with roof around new workshop building, with the height of 400mm.排水系統：drainage sys 內天溝：上海美建標準的不銹鋼內天溝。

鋼結構部分術語中英文

Steel structure Interior gutter: shanghai ABC’s standard stainless steel interior gutter.PVC雨水管：PVC downspout 收邊系統：包括山墻收邊、檐口收邊、門洞收邊、屋脊收邊等，材料為鍍鋁鋅板。

Flashing and trim: for gable wall, eaves, roof ridges and wall openings.The material is aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel panel.附件系統：accessories 自功螺釘：screws 密封膠：采用美國Sika公司生產的Sika系列密封膠帶 sealant: Sika series sealing tape from Sika company 防熱脹冷縮功能件及縱向搭接處的加強襯板。

Function devices to prevent deformation caused by temperature stress and strengthening scaleboard panels for longitudinal overlap.地角螺栓：包括墊塊和抗剪件，材料為Q235 anchor bolts, including shims and anti-shear plate.Q235 strength 鋼梁柱beam and column 底漆 priming(priming painting)面漆 facial paint 收邊、泛水板：trim and flashing 油漆及噴砂處理：painting and shot flashing 雨棚：canopy 地腳螺栓：embedded bolts 抗滲漏金屬屋面系統：leak-resistance metal roofing sys 抗剪剛度: shear stiffness Stiffness: 勁度、剛度、強度

ss360 roof stytem: standing seam 360 projection: 突出部分

第四篇：鋼結構英文翻譯對照

Steel structure 面積：area 結構形式：framework 坡度：slope 跨度：span 柱距：bay spacing 檐高：eave height 屋面板：roof system 墻面板：wall system 梁底凈高: clean height 屋面系統: roof cladding 招標文件: tender doc 建筑結構結構可靠度設計統一標準: unified standard for designing of architecture construction reliablity 建筑結構荷載設計規范: load design standard for architecture construction 建筑抗震設計規范: anti-seismic design standard for architecture 鋼結構設計規范: steel structure design standard 冷彎薄壁型鋼結構技術規范: technical standard for cold bend and thick steel structure 門式鋼架輕型房屋鋼結構技術規范: technical specification for steel structure of light weight building with gabled frames 鋼結構焊接規程: welding specification for steel structure 鋼結構工程施工及驗收規范: checking standard for constructing and checking of steel structure 壓型金屬板設計施工規程: design and construction specification for steel panel 荷載條件：load condition 屋面活荷載：live load on roof

屋面懸掛荷載：suspended load in roof 風荷載：wind load 雪荷載：snow load 抗震等級：seismic load 變形控制：deflect control 柱間支撐X撐：X bracing 主結構：primary structure 鋼架梁柱、端墻柱: frame beam, frame column, and end-wall column 鋼材牌號為Q345或相當牌號，大型鋼廠出品：Q345 or equivalent, from the major steel mill 表面處理：拋丸除銹Sa2.5級，環氧富鋅漆，兩底兩面，總厚度為125UM。表面噴涂防火材料，防火等級為：柱2小時，梁1.5小時

surface treatment: shot blasting to Sa2.5,zinc rich epoxy paint.2primer paint and 2 finish paint.total dry film thickness 125um.Spraying fireproof painting on surface, for column 2hours and beam 1.5hours.次結構包括：屋面檁條、圍梁、門窗開口加強等，工廠軋制成C型、Z型截面，工廠預沖孔。Secondary structure included purlins, girts, roof opening and wall opening reinforcement, prepunched and rolled to C or Z section on factory machine.材質：熱浸鍍鋅卷材，Q345或相當牌號，大型鋼廠出品或進口。Material : hot-dipped galvanized steel coil, Q345 or equivalent, from the major domestic steel mills or imported.支撐系統：bracing sys 包括X型柱間支撐、屋面支撐、拉條及隅撐等。采用圓鋼、鋼管或角鋼等。Bracing sys includes X bracing between columns, roof bracing, tie rods and angle bracing.Round bars, steel tubes or angle profiles are used.屋面系統：roof sys 屋面外板：采用通過美國FM認證打開色鍍鋅SS360直立鎖縫板，卷板為寶鋼出品，24Ga厚，正常使用壽命為20年。Roof panel: FM certificated alum-zinc standing seam 360 roof panel.The raw material is alum-zinc alloy coated steel from Baosteel, 24Ga thickness.Warranty of coating is 20 years in normal use.屋面保溫棉：采用歐文斯-科寧（Owens-corning）公司生產的結構用玻璃棉氈，厚度為75mm容重為14K/M3，WR8貼面。Roof insulation: fiber glass insulation blanket from Owens –corning, thickness is 75mm, 14Kg/m3, WR8 facing.屋面采光板：單層，基本均勻布置，屋面面積的2% roof skylight panel: single layered,2%area of roof, evenly allocated.過廊部分的屋面板：單層，無保溫，材質同外墻面板。

Roof panel in corridor area: single layered color plate without insulation, same panel with exterior wall panel.墻面系統：wall sys 墻面外板：采用通過美國FM認證的LSP板，卷板為寶鋼出品，彩色鍍鋁鋅板，PVDF涂層，26Gamm厚。正常使用情況下的壽命為20年。

Exterior wall panel: FM certificated shanghai ABC’s long span panel(LSP).Raw material is alum-zinc steel from Baosteel with PVDF coating, 26Ga thickness.warranty period is 20 years in normal use.墻面保溫棉：采用歐文斯-科寧）（Owens-corning）公司生產的結構用玻璃棉氈，厚度為75mm，容重為12Kg/m3,貼面為鋁箔(aluminum foil)。

Wall insulation: fiberglass insulation blanket from Owens-corning, thickness is 75mm,12Kg/m3, FSK facing.墻面內板：采用上海美建生產的LSP3板，材料為寶鋼出品，彩色鍍鋅板，PE涂層，28Ga厚。

Interior wall insulation : ShangHai ABC’s LSP3 panel.Raw material is galvanized steel from Baosteel with PE coating, 28Ga thickness.雨棚：材質同外墻壁面板，單層，其中：卸貨棚的30m*10.75m(寬*長，下同)一個大雨棚為拉桿式雨棚；1m*2.2m的懸挑雨棚5個，1.2m*5.1m懸挑雨棚1個。

Single layered color plate without insulation, same material and panel with exterior wall panel.Besides, one 30m*10.75m(width*hanging length, the same below)tension rod type canopy in unload area;five of 1m*2.2m hanging canopies and one 1.2m*5.1m hanging canopy in main workshop wall.女兒墻：雙層板結構，外側板材同外墻面板，內側板材質同外屋面板。沿新建廠房一周的同坡女兒墻，高度為400mm.Parapet: double layered color plate without insulation;exterior side has the same material with exterior wall panel and interior side with exterior roof panel.The parapet has the same slope with roof around new workshop building, with the height of 400mm.排水系統：drainage sys 內天溝：上海美建標準的不銹鋼內天溝。Interior gutter: shanghai ABC’s standard stainless steel interior gutter.PVC雨水管：PVC downspout 收邊系統：包括山墻收邊、檐口收邊、門洞收邊、屋脊收邊等，材料為鍍鋁鋅板。

Flashing and trim: for gable wall, eaves, roof ridges and wall openings.The material is aluminum-zinc alloy coated steel panel.附件系統：accessories 自功螺釘：screws 密封膠：采用美國Sika公司生產的Sika系列密封膠帶 sealant: Sika series sealing tape from Sika company 防熱脹冷縮功能件及縱向搭接處的加強襯板。

Function devices to prevent deformation caused by temperature stress and strengthening scaleboard panels for longitudinal overlap.地角螺栓：包括墊塊和抗剪件，材料為Q235 anchor bolts, including shims and anti-shear plate.Q235 strength 鋼梁柱beam and column 底漆 priming(priming painting)面漆 facial paint 收邊、泛水板：trim and flashing 油漆及噴砂處理：painting and shot flashing 雨棚：canopy 地腳螺栓：embeded bolts 抗滲漏金屬屋面系統：leak-resistance metal roofing sys 抗剪剛度 shear stiffness stiffness:勁度、剛度、強度

ss360 roof stytem: standing seam 360 projection:突出部分

第五篇：古詩名編

引子

古詩是古代漢族詩歌的泛稱，在時間上指1840年鴉片戰爭以前中國的詩歌作品，從格律上看，古詩可分為古體詩和近體詩。以唐朝為界限，以前詩歌均為古體詩，其后，古體詩漸漸式微，逐漸消亡。古體詩又稱古詩或古風;近體詩又稱今體詩。從《詩經》到南北朝的庾信，都算是古體詩，但唐代之后的詩歌不一定都算近體詩，具體在于格律聲韻之分。詩歌是一種抒情言志的文學體裁，它以高度凝練的語言，形象地表達了作者豐富的思想感情，集中地反映了社會生活，并具有一定的節奏和韻律。中國的詩是凝練的，小小的一句詩也能包藏層層的詩心。我們在讀詩的時候，切不要說我讀懂了，你要讀一遍，然后再讀一遍，然后再讀一遍，這樣你的付出，它會給你回報的，它會讓你在一遍又一遍的體味和把玩過后，展示給你詩歌的那種繁復的多疊的美麗。

目錄

第一組：山水田園詩 第二組：寫景詩 第三組：愛國詩 第四組：邊塞詩 第五組：托物言志詩 第六組：惜時詩 第七組：送別詩 第八組：思鄉詩 第九組：現代詩 第十組：自編自創詩

下面，就讓我們叩響詩歌的大門，在詩海中遨游吧！

一.山水田園詩

過故人莊 朝代：唐代

作者：孟浩然 故人具雞黍，邀我至田家。綠樹村邊合，青山郭外斜。

開軒面場圃，把酒話桑麻。待到重陽日，還來就菊花。

譯文及注釋

譯文老朋友準備好了雞和黃米飯，邀請我到他的農舍做客。翠綠的樹木環繞著小村子，村子城墻外面青山連綿不斷。打開窗子面對著谷場和菜園，我們舉杯歡飲，談論著今年莊稼的長勢。等到九月初九重陽節的那一天，我還要再來和你一起喝菊花酒，一起觀賞菊花的美麗。注釋（1）過故人莊：選自《孟襄陽集》。過：造訪。

鑒賞

這首詩是作者孟浩然隱居鹿門山時，上朋友家做客的表現。這是一首田園詩，描寫農家恬靜閑適的生活情景，也寫老朋友的情誼。通過寫田園生活的風光，寫出作者對這種生活的向往。全文十分押韻。詩由?邀?到?至?到?望?又到?約?一徑寫去，自然流暢。語言樸實無華，意境清新雋永。

作者介紹 孟浩然

孟浩然（689-740），男，漢族，唐代詩人。本名不詳（一說名浩），字浩然，襄州襄陽（今湖北襄陽）人，世稱?孟襄陽?。

雨過山村

朝代：唐代 作者：王建

雨里雞鳴一兩家，竹溪村路板橋斜。婦姑相喚浴蠶去，閑看中庭梔子花。

譯文

雨中有一兩戶人家傳來雞鳴，小溪兩邊長滿翠竹，鄉村的小路越過小溪，木板橋歪歪斜斜。村里的嫂嫂和小姑相互呼喚去清洗蠶子，庭院里的梔子花因農忙而無人欣賞。

注釋

婦姑：嫂嫂和小姑。相喚：互相呼喚。

浴蠶：古時候將蠶種浸在鹽水中，用來選出優良的蠶種，稱為浴蠶。中庭：庭院。

閑著：農人忙著干活，沒有人欣賞盛開的梔子花。

鑒賞

詩的前兩句寫雨中幾聲雞鳴，一兩家農舍；修竹、清溪、村路、板橋，淡淡幾筆，便勾畫出一幅優美靜謐的山村風景。第三句轉而寫農事，?婦姑相喚?，透著親切，可以想見家庭鄰里關系的和睦；夏日雨中，仍要?浴蠶去?，則可知農事的繁忙。婦姑浴蠶去了，雨中的山村，唯有梔子花悠然無事地獨自?閑?在庭院里。一個?閑?字，烘托出庭院中一片幽靜氣氛。全詩處處扣住山村景象，從景寫到人，從人寫到境；農事的繁忙，山村的神韻，皆蘊于一個?閑?字之中。它是全篇之?眼?，著此一字而境界全出。作者寫雨過山村所見情景，富有詩情畫意，又充滿勞動生活的氣息,同時也表達了一種對鄉村生活的喜愛之情。

詩人簡介

王建(約767年—約830年)：字仲初，生于潁川(今河南許昌)，唐朝詩人。其著作，《新唐書·藝文志》、《郡齋讀書志》、《直齋書錄解題》等皆作10卷，《崇文總目》作2卷。

竹里館

朝代：唐朝 作者：王維

獨坐幽篁里，彈琴復長嘯。深林人不知，明月來相照。

注釋

相照：與?獨坐?對應。

譯文

月夜，獨坐在幽深的竹林里；時而彈彈琴，時而吹吹口哨。

竹林里僻靜幽深，無人知曉，獨坐幽篁，無人陪伴；唯有明月似解人意，偏來相照。

詩人簡介

王維-唐代詩人 編輯詞條

王維(701年-761年，一說699年-761年)，唐朝河東蒲州(今山西運城)人，祖籍山西祁縣，唐朝著名詩人、畫家，字摩詰，號摩詰居士，世稱“王右丞”。早年信道，后期因社會打擊徹底禪化。存詩400余首，代表詩作有《相思》、《山居秋暝》等。王維參禪悟理，學莊信道，精通詩、書、畫、音樂等，與孟浩然合稱“王孟”。

游山西村

朝代：宋朝 作者：陸游

莫笑農家臘酒渾，豐年留客足雞豚。山重水復疑無路，柳暗花明又一村。簫鼓追隨春社近，衣冠簡樸古風存。從今若許閑乘月，拄杖無時夜叩門。

注釋

①臘酒：臘月里釀造的酒。

②足雞豚（tún）：意思是準備了豐盛的菜肴。豚，小豬，詩中代指豬肉。

足：足夠，豐盛。

③山重水復：一座座山、一道道水重重疊疊。

譯文

正值豐年，樸素的農家自釀臘酒，殺雞宰豬殷勤待客，可別笑話那酒漿渾濁，酒香中溢出的農家熱情早已使人心馳神往。

尋尋覓覓，山巒重重疊疊，溪流迂回曲折，似已無路可走，繼續前行，忽然柳樹茂密，山花鮮艷，又一村莊出現在眼前。

春社祭祀的日子近了，村里吹簫打鼓的熱鬧起來了，農家人布衣氈帽，淳厚的古風猶存，好一派清新古樸的鄉村風貌！

從今后，若是您同意我隨時來拜訪，閑來時我將會拄著拐杖，踏著月色，前來叩門。

二.寫景詩

春

夜

喜

雨

朝代：唐代 作者：杜甫 好雨知時節，當春乃發生。隨風潛入夜，潤物細無聲。野徑云俱黑，江船火獨明。曉看紅濕處，花重錦官城。

譯文

及時的雨好像知道時節似的，在春天來到的時候就伴著春風在夜晚悄悄地下起來，無聲地滋潤著萬物。田野小徑的天空一片昏黑，唯有江邊漁船上的一點漁火放射出一線光芒，顯得格外明亮。等天亮的時候，那潮濕的泥土上必定布滿了紅色的花瓣，錦官城的大街小巷也一定是一片萬紫千紅的景象。

注釋

⑴知：明白，知道。說雨知時節，是一種擬人化的寫法。⑵乃：就。發生：萌發生長。

錦官城：故址在今成都市南，亦稱錦城。三國蜀漢時管理織錦之官駐此，故名。后人有用作成都的別稱。此句是說露水盈花的美景。

絕句 朝代：唐代 作者：杜甫

兩個黃鸝鳴翠柳，一行白鷺上青天。窗含西嶺千秋雪，門泊東吳萬里船。

譯文

兩只黃鸝在翠綠的柳樹間婉轉地歌唱，一隊整齊的白鷺直沖向蔚藍的天空。我坐在窗前，可以望見西嶺上堆積著終年不化的積雪，門前停泊著自萬里外的東吳遠行而來的船只。

注釋

（1）西嶺：西嶺雪山。

（2）千秋雪：指西嶺雪山上千年不化的積雪。（3）泊：停泊。

（4）東吳：古時候吳國的領地，江蘇省一帶。（5）萬里船：不遠萬里開來的船只。

秋夕 朝代：唐代 作者：杜牧 原文：

銀燭秋光冷畫屏，輕羅小扇撲流螢。天階夜色涼如水，臥看牽牛織女星。

譯文

在秋夜里燭光映照著畫屏，手拿著小羅扇撲打螢火蟲。夜色里的石階清涼如冷水，靜坐寢宮凝視牛郎織女星。

注釋

⑴秋夕：秋天的夜晚。

⑵銀燭：銀色而精美的蠟燭。銀，一作?紅?。畫屏：畫有圖案的屏風。⑶輕羅小扇：輕巧的絲質團扇。流螢：飛動的螢火蟲。⑷天階：露天的石階。天，一作?瑤?。⑸坐看：坐著朝天看。坐：一作?臥?。牽牛織女星：兩個星座的名字，指牽牛星、織女星。亦指古代神話中的人物牽牛和織女。

作者介紹 杜牧

杜牧 杜牧（公元803－約852年），字牧之，號樊川居士，漢族，京兆萬年（今陜西西安）人，唐代詩人。杜牧人稱?小杜?，以別于杜甫。與李商隱并稱?小李杜?。因晚年居長安南樊川別墅，故后世稱?杜樊川?，著有《樊川文集》。

西江月·夜行黃沙道中

朝代：宋代 作者：辛棄疾

明月別枝驚鵲，清風半夜鳴蟬。稻花香里說豐年，聽取蛙聲一片。

七八個星天外，兩三點雨山前。舊時茅店社林邊，路轉溪橋忽見。譯文

天邊的明月升上了樹梢，驚飛了棲息在枝頭的喜鵲。清涼的晚風仿佛傳來了遠處的蟬叫聲。在稻花的香氣里，人們談論著豐收的年景，耳邊傳來一陣陣青蛙的叫聲，好像在說著豐收年。

天空中輕云漂浮，閃爍的星星時隱時現，山前下起了淅淅瀝瀝的小雨，從前那熟悉的茅店小屋依然坐落在土地廟附近的樹林中，山路一轉，曾經那記憶深刻的溪流小橋呈現在他的眼前。

注釋

①西江月：詞牌名。

②黃沙：黃沙嶺，在江西上饒的西面。

作者介紹 辛棄疾

辛棄疾 辛棄疾（1140－1207），南宋詞人。原字坦夫，改字幼安，別號稼軒，漢族，歷城（今山東濟南）人。出生時，中原已為金兵所占。21歲參加抗金義軍，不久歸南宋。歷任湖北、江西、湖南、福建、浙東安撫使等職。一生力主抗金。曾上《美芹十論》與《九議》，條陳戰守之策。其詞抒寫力圖恢復國家統一的愛國熱情，傾訴壯志難酬的悲憤，對當時執政者的屈辱求和頗多譴責；也有不少吟詠祖國河山的作品。題材廣闊又善化用前人典故入詞，風格沉雄豪邁又不乏細膩柔媚之處。

三.愛國詩

過

零

丁

洋

朝代：宋代 作者：文天祥

辛苦遭逢起一經，干戈寥落四周星。山河破碎風飄絮，身世浮沉雨打萍。惶恐灘頭說惶恐，零丁洋里嘆零丁。人生自古誰無死？留取丹心照汗青。

譯文

回想我早年由科舉入仕歷盡辛苦，如今戰火消歇已熬過了四個年頭。國家危在旦夕恰如狂風中的柳絮，個人又哪堪言說似驟雨里的浮萍。惶恐灘的慘敗讓我至今依然惶恐，零丁洋身陷元虜可嘆我孤苦零丁。人生自古以來有誰能夠長生不死？我要留一片愛國的丹心映照史冊。

注釋

⑴零丁洋：零丁洋即?伶丁洋?。現在廣東省珠江口外。1278年底，文天祥率軍在廣東五坡嶺與元軍激戰，兵敗被俘，囚禁船上曾經過零丁洋。

作者介紹 文天祥

文天祥 文天祥（1236.6.6－1283.1.9），字履善，又字宋瑞，自號文山，浮休道人。漢族，吉州廬陵（今江西吉安縣）人，南宋末大臣，文學家，民族英雄。

春望 朝代：唐代 作者：杜甫

國破山河在，城春草木深。感時花濺淚，恨別鳥驚心。烽火連三月，家書抵萬金。白頭搔更短，渾欲不勝簪。

譯文

長安淪陷，國家破碎，只有山河依舊；春天來了，人煙稀少的長安城里草木茂密。感傷國事，不禁涕淚四濺，鳥鳴驚心，徒增離愁別恨。

連綿的戰火已經延續了半年多，家書難得，一封抵得上萬兩黃金。愁緒纏繞，搔頭思考，白發越搔越短，簡直要不能插簪了。

注釋

國：國都，指長安（今陜西西安）。破：陷落。山河在：舊日的山河仍然存在。城：長安城。草木深：指人煙稀少。

感時：為國家的時局而感傷。濺淚：流淚。恨別：悵恨離別。

烽火：古時邊防報警的煙火，這里指安史之亂的戰火。三月：正月、二月、三月。抵：值，相當。

白頭：這里指白頭發。搔：用手指輕輕的抓。

渾：簡直。欲：想，要，就要。勝：受不住，不能。簪：一種束發的首飾。古代男子蓄長發，成年后束發于頭頂，用簪子橫插住，以免散開。

己亥雜詩·其五

朝代：清代 作者：龔自珍

浩蕩離愁白日斜，吟鞭東指即天涯。落紅不是無情物，化作春泥更護花。

譯文

浩浩蕩蕩的離別愁緒向著日落西斜的遠處延伸, 離開北京，馬鞭向東一揮，感覺就是人在天涯一般。

我辭官歸鄉，有如從枝頭上掉下來的落花，但它卻不是無情之物，化成了春天的泥土，還能起著培育下一代的作用。

作者簡介

龔自珍（1792年8月22日～1841年9月26日）清代思想家、文學家及改良主義的先驅者。27歲中舉人，38歲中進士。曾任內閣中書、宗人府主事和禮部主事等官職。主張革除弊政，抵制外國侵略，曾全力支持林則徐禁除鴉片。4 破陣子·為陳同甫賦壯詞以寄之 朝代：宋代 作者：辛棄疾

醉里挑燈看劍，夢回吹角連營。八百里分麾下炙，五十弦翻塞外聲。沙場秋點兵。

馬作的盧飛快，弓如霹靂弦驚。了卻君王天下事，贏得生前身后名。可憐白發生。

譯文

醉夢里挑亮油燈觀看寶劍，夢中回到了當年的各個營壘，接連響起號角聲。把烤牛肉分給部下，樂隊演奏北疆歌曲。這是秋天在戰場上閱兵。

戰馬像的盧馬一樣跑得飛快，弓箭像驚雷一樣，震耳離弦。(我)一心想替君主完成收復國家失地的大業，取得世代相傳的美名。可憐已成了白發人！

注釋 醉里：醉酒之中。

挑燈：撥動燈火，點燈。看劍：查看寶劍。準備上戰場殺敵的形象。說明作者即使在醉酒之際也不忘抗敵。八百里：指牛。《世說新語·汰侈》?晉王愷有良牛，名‘八百里駁’?。后詩詞多以?八百里?指牛。

麾：軍旗。麾下：指部下。炙：烤肉。

五十弦：本指瑟，泛指樂器。翻：演奏。塞外聲：以邊塞作為題材的雄壯悲涼的軍歌。沙場：戰場

點兵：檢閱軍隊。

馬作的盧（dí lú）飛快：戰馬像的盧馬那樣跑得飛快；作，像…一樣；的盧，馬名。一種額部有白色斑點性烈的快馬。相傳劉備曾乘的盧馬從襄陽城西的檀溪水中一躍三丈，脫離險境。作：像，如。

霹靂(pī lì)：特別響的雷聲，比喻拉弓時弓弦響如驚雷。了(liǎo)卻：了結，完成。天下事：此指恢復中原之事。.贏得：博得。身后：死后。可憐：可惜

四.邊塞詩

使至塞上 朝代：唐代 作者：王維

單車欲問邊，屬國過居延。征蓬出漢塞，歸雁入胡天。大漠孤煙直，長河落日圓。蕭關逢候騎，都護在燕然。

譯文

乘單車想去慰問邊關，路經的屬國已過居延。千里飛蓬也飄出漢塞，北歸大雁正翱翔云天。浩瀚沙漠中孤煙直上，無盡黃河上落日渾圓。到蕭關遇到偵候騎士，告訴我都護已在燕然。注釋

⑴使至塞上：奉命出使邊塞。使：出使。

⑵單車：一輛車，車輛少，這里形容輕車簡從。問邊：到邊塞去察看，指慰問守衛邊疆的官兵。

⑶屬國：有幾種解釋：一指少數民族附屬于漢族朝廷而存其國號者。漢、唐兩朝均有一些屬國。二指官名，秦漢時有一種官職名為典屬國，蘇武歸漢后即授典屬國官職。唐人有時以?屬國?代稱出使邊陲的使臣。居延：地名，漢代稱居延澤，唐代稱居延海，在今內蒙古額濟納旗北境。又西漢張掖郡有居延縣（參《漢書·地理志》），故城在今額濟納旗東南。又東漢涼州刺史部有張掖居延屬國，轄境在居延澤一帶。此句一般注本均言王維路過居延。然而王維此次出使，實際上無需經過居延。因而林庚、馮沅君主編的《中國歷代詩歌選》認為此句是寫唐王朝?邊塞的遼闊，附屬國直到居延以外?。

⑷征蓬：隨風飄飛的蓬草，此處為詩人自喻。

⑸歸雁：雁是候鳥，春天北飛，秋天南行，這里是指大雁北飛。胡天：胡人的領空。這里是指唐軍占領的北方地方。

⑹大漠：大沙漠，此處大約是指涼州之北的沙漠。孤煙：趙殿成注有二解：一云古代邊防報警時燃狼糞，?其煙直而聚，雖風吹之不散?。二云塞外多旋風，?裊煙沙而直上?。據后人有到甘肅、新疆實地考察者證實，確有旋風如?孤煙直上?。又：孤煙也可能是唐代邊防使用的平安火。《通典》卷二一八云：?及暮，平安火不至。?胡三省注：?《六典》：唐鎮戍烽候所至，大率相去三十里，每日初夜，放煙一炬，謂之平安火。?

關山月 朝代：唐代 作者：李白

明月出天山，蒼茫云海間。長風幾萬里，吹度玉門關。漢下白登道，胡窺青海灣。由來征戰地，不見有人還。戍客望邊邑，思歸多苦顏。高樓當此夜，嘆息未應閑。

譯文

巍巍天山，蒼茫云海，一輪明月傾瀉銀光一片。浩蕩長風，掠過幾萬里關山，來到戍邊將士駐守的邊關。漢高祖出兵白登山征戰匈奴，吐蕃覬覦青海大片河山。這些歷代征戰之地，很少看見有人慶幸生還。戍邊兵士仰望邊城，思歸家鄉愁眉苦顏。當此皓月之夜，高樓上望月懷夫的妻子，同樣也在頻頻哀嘆，遠方的親人啊，你幾時能卸甲洗塵歸來。

注釋

關山月：樂府《橫吹曲》調名。白登：今山西大同市東有白登山。漢高祖劉邦曾親率大軍與匈奴交戰，被圍困七日。

①關山月：古樂府詩題，多抒離別哀傷之情。②天山：指祁連山，位于今青海、甘肅兩省交界。

③玉門關：在今甘肅敦煌西，古代通向西域的交通要道。

④白登：白登山，在今大同東北。匈奴曾圍困劉邦于此。胡：此指吐蕃。窺：有所企圖。

⑤戍客：駐守邊疆的戰士。

⑥高樓：古詩中多以高樓指閨閣，這里指戍邊兵士的妻子。

作者介紹 李白

李白 李白（701年－762年），字太白，號青蓮居士，唐朝浪漫主義詩人，被后人譽為?詩仙?。祖籍隴西成紀(待考)，出生于西域碎葉城，4歲再隨父遷至劍南道綿州。李白存世詩文千余篇，有《李太白集》傳世。762年病逝，享年61歲。其墓在今安徽當涂，四川江油、湖北安陸有紀念館。

從軍行·其二 朝代：唐代 作者：李白

百戰沙場碎鐵衣，城南已合數重圍。突營射殺呼延將，獨領殘兵千騎歸。

譯文 身經沙場百戰鐵甲已破碎，城池南面被敵人重重包圍。突進營壘，射殺呼延大將，獨自率領殘兵千騎而歸。

注釋

1.沙場：胡三省《通鑒注》：?唐人謂沙漠之地為沙場。“碎鐵衣：指身穿的盔甲都支離破碎。

2.呼延：呼延，是匈奴四姓貴族之一，這里指敵軍的一員悍將。

燕歌行二首·其一 朝代：魏晉 作者：曹丕

秋風蕭瑟天氣涼，草木搖落露為霜，群燕辭歸鵠南翔。念君客游思斷腸，慊慊思歸戀故鄉，君何淹留寄他方？ 賤妾煢煢守空房，憂來思君不敢忘，不覺淚下沾衣裳。援琴鳴弦發清商，短歌微吟不能長。明月皎皎照我床，星漢西流夜未央。牽牛織女遙相望，爾獨何辜限河梁。

譯文 秋風蕭瑟,天氣清冷，草木凋落，白露凝霜。

燕群辭歸，天鵝南飛。思念出外遠游的良人啊，我肝腸寸斷。思慮沖沖，懷念故鄉。君為何故，淹留他方。

賤妾孤零零的空守閨房，憂愁的時候思念君子啊，我不能忘懷。不知不覺中珠淚下落，打濕了我的衣裳。

拿過古琴，撥弄琴弦卻發出絲絲哀怨。短歌輕吟，似續還斷。

那皎潔的月光啊照著我的空床，星河沉沉向西流，憂心不寐夜漫長。牽牛織女啊遠遠的互相觀望，你們究竟有什么罪過，被天河阻擋。

注釋

本篇屬《相和歌辭·平調曲》。燕是北方邊地，征戍不絕，所以《燕歌行》多半寫離別。搖落：凋殘。鵠：天鵝。

慊慊：空虛之感。淹留：久留。上句是設想對方必然思歸，本句是因其不歸而生疑問。

煢煢：孤獨無依的樣子。出自《楚辭·九章·思美人》：?獨煢煢而南行兮，思彭咸之故也。?

五.托物言志詩

竹石 朝代：清代 作者：鄭燮

咬定青山不放松，立根原在破巖中。千磨萬擊還堅勁，任爾東西南北風。

譯文

竹子抓住青山一點也不放松，它的根牢牢地扎在巖石縫中。

經歷成千上萬次的折磨和打擊，它依然那么堅強，不管是酷暑的東南風，還是嚴冬的西北風，它都能經受得住，還會依然堅韌挺拔。

賞析

這是一首寓意深刻的題畫詩。首二句說竹子扎根破巖中，基礎牢固。次二句說任憑各方來的風猛刮，竹石受到多大的磨折擊打，它們仍然堅定強勁。作者在贊美竹子的這種堅定頑強精神中，還表達了自己不怕任何打擊的硬骨頭精神。

作者介紹 鄭燮

鄭板橋（1693—1765）清代官吏、書畫家、文學家。名燮，字克柔，漢族，江蘇興化人。一生主要客居揚州，以賣畫為生。

青松 朝代：現代 作者：陳毅

大雪壓青松，青松挺且直。要知松高潔，待到雪化時。

譯文

厚厚的一層雪壓在松枝上，仔細看一看，這青松又高又直。要想知道這青松又多么純潔多么高大，那就要等到樹上那層厚厚的雪化了之后才能看到。

分析

《青松》一題，是《冬夜雜詠》中的首篇。《冬夜雜詠》這一組詩最初發表于《詩刊》1962年第一期上。共12題19首，這里選其中一首。發表時有小序云：一九六〇年冬夜大雪，長夜不寐。起坐寫小詩若干段，寄興無端，幾乎零亂。迄今事滿一年，不復詮次。（詮次，選擇、歸類及排列的意思。）送登《詩刊》，以博讀者一粲。（粲，形容笑的樣子。）一九六一年十二月一日仲弘記。（仲弘，是陳毅的字。）作者借物詠懷，表面寫松，其實寫人。寫人堅忍不拔、寧折不彎的剛直與豪邁，寫那個特定時代不畏艱難、雄氣勃發、愈挫彌堅的精神。

梅花 朝代：宋代 作者：王安石

墻角數枝梅，凌寒獨自開。遙知不是雪，為有暗香來。

譯文

那墻角的幾枝梅花，冒著嚴寒獨自盛開。為什么遠望就知道潔

白的梅花不是雪呢？因為梅花隱隱傳來陣陣幽香。

注釋

⑴凌寒：冒著嚴寒。

⑵遙：遠遠地。知：知道。賞析

?墻角數枝梅?，?墻角?不引人注目，不易為人所知，更未被人賞識，卻又毫不在乎。?墻角”這個環境突出了數枝梅身居簡陋，孤芳自開的形態。體現出詩人所處環境惡劣，卻依舊堅持自己的主張的態度。?凌寒獨自開?，?獨自?，語意剛強，無懼旁人的眼光，在惡劣的環境中，依舊屹立不倒。體現出詩人堅持自我的信念.畫菊 朝代：宋代 作者：鄭思肖

花開不并百花叢，獨立疏籬趣未窮。寧可枝頭抱香死，何曾吹落北風中。

譯文

你在秋天盛開，從不與百花為叢。獨立在稀疏的籬笆旁邊，你的情操意趣并未衰窮。寧可在枝頭上懷抱著清香而死，絕不會吹落于凜冽北風之中！

賞析

鄭思肖的這首畫菊詩，與一般贊頌菊花不俗不艷不媚不屈的詩歌不同，托物言志，深深隱含了詩人的人生遭際和理想追求，是一首有特定生活內涵的菊花詩。

作者介紹 鄭思肖

鄭思肖 鄭思肖（1241～1318）宋末詩人、畫家，連江（今屬福建）人。原名不詳，宋亡后改名思肖，因肖是宋朝國姓趙的組成部分。字憶翁，表示不忘故國；號所南，日常坐臥，要向南背北。亦自稱菊山后人、景定詩人、三外野人、三外老夫等。

六.惜時詩

勸

學

朝代：唐代 作者：顏真卿

三更燈火五更雞，正是男兒讀書時。

詩 黑發不知勤學早，白首方悔讀書遲。

譯文

每天三更半夜到雞啼叫的時候，是男孩子們讀書的最好時間，少年時代要知道發憤苦讀，勤奮學習。但如果只知道玩，不知道要好好學習，到老的時候才后悔自己年少時為什么不知道要勤奮學習。

賞析

《勸學》是唐朝詩人顏真卿所寫的一首古詩。勸勉青少年要珍惜少壯年華，少年時代要知道發憤苦讀，勤奮學習，有所作為，否則，等到老了再想讀書就遲了，后悔已晚，應該珍惜時光。使孩子初步理解人生短暫，從而提高學習的積極性。

作者介紹

顏真卿（709-784，一說709-785），字清臣，漢族，唐京兆萬年（今陜西西安）人，祖籍唐瑯琊臨沂（今山東臨沂），中國唐代書法家。唐代中期杰出書法家。他創立的?顏體?楷書與趙孟頫、柳公權、歐陽詢并稱?楷書四大家?。

長歌行 朝代：兩漢 作者：佚名

青青園中葵，朝露待日晞。陽春布德澤，萬物生光輝。常恐秋節至，焜黃華葉衰。百川東到海，何時復西歸？ 少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲！

譯文

園中的葵菜都郁郁蔥蔥，晶瑩的朝露陽光下飛升。春天把希望灑滿了大地，萬物都呈現出一派繁榮。常恐那肅殺的秋天來到，樹葉兒黃落百草也凋零。百川奔騰著東流到大海，何時才能重新返回西境？ 少年人如果不及時努力，到老來只能是悔恨一生。

注釋

⑴長歌行：漢樂府曲題。這首詩選自《樂府詩集》卷三十，屬相和歌辭中的平調曲。

⑵葵：?葵?作為蔬菜名，指中國國古代重要蔬菜之一。《詩經·豳風·七月》：?七月亨葵及菽。?李時珍《本草綱目》說?葵菜古人種為常食，今之種者頗鮮。有紫莖、白莖二種，以白莖為勝。

金縷衣 朝代：唐代 作者：杜秋娘

勸君莫惜金縷衣，勸君惜取少年時。花開堪折直須折，莫待無花空折枝。

譯文

不要愛惜榮華富貴，而應愛惜少年時光。就像那盛開的鮮花，要 及時采摘。如果采摘不及時，等到春殘花落之時，就只能折取花枝了。

注解

⑴金縷衣：綴有金線的衣服，比喻榮華富貴。⑵須惜：珍惜。

明日歌 朝代：明代 作者：錢福

明日復明日，明日何其多！日日待明日，萬世成蹉跎。

世人皆被明日累，明日無窮老將至。晨昏滾滾水東流，今古悠悠日西墜。

譯文

明天又一個明天，明天何等的多。

我的一生都在等待明日，什么事情都沒有進展。世人和我一樣辛苦地被明天所累，一年年過去馬上就會老。早晨看河水向東流逝，傍晚看太陽向西墜落才是真生活。

注釋 ①復：又。

②何其：多么。這句說：明日是何等的多啊。③待：等待。作者介紹 錢福

錢福 錢福（1461—1504）明代狀元，字與謙，因家住松江鶴灘附近，自號鶴灘。南直隸松江府華亭（今上海松江）人。

七組：送別詩

注解 １、郭：城墻外的墻，指城外。

２、蓬：草名，枯后隨風飄蕩，這里喻友人。３、茲：現在。４、班：分別。譯文

青山橫臥在城郭的北面，白水泱泱地環繞著東城。在此我們一道握手言別，你象蓬草飄泊萬里遠征。游子心思恰似天上浮云，夕陽余暉可比難舍友情。頻頻揮手作別從此離去，馬兒也為惜別聲聲嘶鳴……

賞析

這是首送別詩，充滿詩情畫意。首聯工對，寫得別開生面。

譯文

老朋友孟浩然向我頻頻揮手，一起在那告別了黃鶴樓，他在這柳絮如煙、繁花似錦的陽春三月將去揚州遠游。

友人的孤船帆影漸漸地遠去，消失在碧空的盡頭，只看見長江浩浩蕩蕩地向著天邊奔流。注釋

⑴黃鶴樓：中國著名的名勝古跡，故址在今湖北武漢市武昌蛇山的黃鵠磯上，屬于長江下游地帶，傳說三國時期的費祎于此登仙乘黃鶴而去，故稱黃鶴樓。原樓已毀，現存樓為1985年修葺。孟浩然：李白的朋友。之：往、到達。廣陵：即揚州。

⑵故人：老朋友，這里指孟浩然。其年齡比李白大，在詩壇上享有盛名。李白對他很敬佩，彼此感情深厚，因此稱之為?故人?。辭：辭別。

譯文

李白坐上小船剛剛要離開，忽然聽到岸上傳來告別的歌聲。即使桃花潭水有一千尺那么深，也不及汪倫送別我的一片情深。

注釋

①踏歌：民間的一種唱歌形式，一邊唱歌，一邊用腳踏地打拍子，可以邊走邊唱。

②桃花潭：在今安徽涇縣西南一百里。《一統志》謂其深不可測。③深千尺：詩人用潭水深千尺比喻汪倫與他的友情，運用了夸張的手法（潭深千尺不是實有其事）寫深情厚誼，十分動人。

④不及：不如。

譯文

在南浦凄涼愁苦的分別，秋風蕭索黯淡。回頭看一次就肝腸寸斷，好好離去吧，不要再回頭了。

注釋

（1）南浦：南面的水邊。后常用稱送別之地。（2）別：分別，別離。

（3）裊裊（niǎo）：吹拂，這里形容西風吹拂。（4）好去：放心前去。（5）莫：不要。

八.思鄉詩

譯文

獨自遠離家鄉難免總有一點凄涼，每到重陽佳節倍加思念遠方的親人。遠遠想到兄弟們身佩茱萸登上高處，也會因為少我一人而生遺憾之情。

注釋

⑴九月九日：即重陽節。古以九為陽數，故曰重陽。憶：想念。山東：王維遷居于蒲縣（今山西永濟縣），在函谷關與華山以東，所以稱山東。

⑵異鄉：他鄉、外鄉。為異客：作他鄉的客人。⑶佳節：美好的節日。

⑷登高：古有重陽節登高的風俗。

⑸茱萸（zhūyú）：一種香草，即草決明。古時人們認為重陽節插戴茱萸可以避災克邪。

詩意：

洛陽城又開始刮秋風了，涼風陣陣吹起了我埋藏在心底的萬千思緒，便想寫封書信以表對家人思戀。又擔心時間匆忙有什么沒有寫到之處，在送信之人即將出發前有再次打開信封檢查。作者介紹 張籍

張籍 張籍（約767～約830），唐代詩人。字文昌，漢族，和州烏江（今安徽和縣）人，郡望蘇州吳（今江蘇蘇州）1。先世移居和州，遂為和州烏江（今安徽和縣烏江鎮）人。世稱?張水部?、?張司業?。張籍的樂府詩與王建齊名，并稱?張王樂府?。著名詩篇有《塞下曲》《征婦怨》《采蓮曲》《江南曲》。1 《張籍籍貫考辨》認為，韓愈所說的?吳郡張籍?乃謂其郡望，并引《新唐書·張籍傳》、《唐詩紀事》、《輿地紀勝》等史傳材料，駁蘇州之說而定張籍為烏江人。

詩意

明亮的月光灑在床前的窗戶紙上，好像地上泛起了一層霜。我禁不住抬起頭來，看那天窗外空中的一輪明月，不由得低頭沉思，想起遠方的家鄉。

注釋

⑴靜夜思：靜靜的夜里，產生的思緒。⑵床：今傳五種說法。

一指井臺。已經有學者撰文考證過。中國教育家協會理事程實將考證結果寫成論文發表在刊物上，還和好友創作了《詩意圖》。

注釋

（1）云物：指天空中的云霧。拂曙：拂曉。（2）高秋：深秋。（3）橫塞：越過關塞

（4）籬菊：籬笆旁的菊花。晉陶淵明有?采菊東籬下，悠然見南山。?的詩句

譯文

秋天拂曉時，天上的云霧都帶著曙光將出的寒意，唐朝的宮殿的周圍呈現出深秋的景象。殘星幾點，群雁從塞外飛來，有人倚樓吹著長笛，曲調悠揚婉轉。籬邊半開的菊花呈現出紫艷之色，靜悄悄的，水面的蓮花凋零，紅衣盡卸。家鄉的鱸魚正美，但自己不能回去，卻要像鐘儀那樣戴著南冠，學著楚囚的樣兒羈留他鄉。

九組：現代詩

雪

飄落在冬天里那些雪白的小精靈是雪嗎？

我看著那深深地印在大地上的足跡，是那個追夢人在如此清早在這里起舞？ 掛在樹梢的還是那樣的晶瑩，還有些調皮的羽毛凌亂地舞著，整個世界仿佛都靜了下來，偶爾響起是也是自己的足音。

捧起那雪白的雪，想捧起整個冬天，放在自己的心里，永遠都留在心里。

拔開自己的凌亂的心扉，放進一片純凈和雪白，或許會收獲一份快樂和寧靜。

把我帶去吧，我的風箏，快快把我帶上藍天！我要在天上飛行，我要在天上盤旋，我要像鳥兒那樣飛呀飛，飛過大海喲，飛過大洋。把我帶去吧，我的風箏，快快把我帶上藍天！在天空看看世界有多棒，去看全世界的小朋友有多好，我要同他們手拉手，我要同他們一起歡笑。把我帶去吧，我的風箏，快快把我帶上藍天！

秋姑姑

我們想起秋姑姑，就想起收獲。

我沒有見過秋姑姑，但我猜秋姑姑的臉兒，是紅紅的、圓圓的、胖乎乎的。我沒有看見過秋姑姑，但我猜秋姑姑，是一個畫家。秋姑姑一來，就給果樹和莊稼，抹上了金黃的，火紅的顏色。

善良

要是蘋果只有一個，它準裝不滿大家的提籃。要是蘋果樹只有一個，掛蘋果的樹杈也準覆不滿一園。然而一個人，要是他把 心靈的善良分給大家，那就到處都會有明麗的光，就像甜甜的果兒掛滿了果園！

十.自編自創詩

倉鼠 李英

它有一身雪白的絨毛，一雙機靈的小眼睛和一個小巧玲瓏的鼻子。它吃飯時還會常常發呆，不論你怎么呼喊它，都一動不動。

它胖胖的身體似一個小絨球，常常溫暖別人的心靈，給人帶來快樂。我喜歡你們—倉鼠！我們呀

一定可以做真心朋友！

如果 宋章鈺 如果我是太陽，我愿意讓我的光芒普照大地，為世界帶來生機。如果我是一朵云，我愿意為人們作畫，將藍天譜寫成一張美麗的畫卷。如果我是雨，我愿意將自己灑向大地，滋潤干渴的生靈。如果我是霧，我愿意濕潤空氣，將世界變得更加清新。

春天 劉湘樂 春天在哪里？ 春天在哪里？

春天在那綠色的樹梢里。春天是什么？ 春天是什么？

春天是一個會躲貓貓的小女孩，春天是一個會織綠色衣服的小公主。啊！春天到底是什么？ 原來是那變魔法的小精靈！