第一篇：Essay專用連接詞大全

Essay專用連接詞大全+英文作文連接詞大全 論文

1)先后次序關(guān)系：at this time;first;second;at last;next;previously;simultaneously同時(shí)地;eventually；last but not least；to begin with；to start with；to end with；finally；seeing...由于，因?yàn)椋籹ince then；first of all；afterwards后來;following this;preceding先前的;originally最初的ultimate最終的，極限的，根本的

2)因果關(guān)系：because；because of this；being that（口語）既然，因?yàn)椋籥nother important factor／reason of...； since； as； for； in that...； owing to由于，通常負(fù)面； due to由于； for the reason that...； in view of鑒于，考慮到 result from歸因于the reason seems to be obvious;there are about...；for this reason;as a result of this； therefore；...and so...； consequently所以，因此；as a result； thus這樣，如此，因而； hence因此； so；so that...； in consequence結(jié)果，結(jié)果； as a consequence； accordingly因此，于是，相應(yīng)地;inevitably不可避免地;under these conditions thereupon因此于是upon迫近

3)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but；even so；however；though；even though；independent of；reckless of不顧 ；despite that； in spite of that； regardless of不顧;yet...；and yet； but unless.Nonetheless盡管如此

4)并列關(guān)系： and;also；too；as well as；either...，or...；both...and...5)(補(bǔ)充)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系： furthermore此外，而且；moreover而且，此外；further進(jìn)一步地，此外；In this way ；still； not only...but also...； not...but...； in addition(to)；additionally, much more interesting, more specifically更具體地說, next, besides； as far as...is concerned至于;moreover此外；in other words； along this line of consideration；on(the)one hand...在一方面，on the other hand...； even； as a saying goes...；in order to do it...;meanwhile同時(shí)； at the same time； accordingly因此； In the first place...，in the second place...;equally important;of even greater appeal.6)比較關(guān)系： similarly;in like manner, in comparison with；when compared with；compared with；when in fact...;like...； likewise同樣地，也； similarly important； apart from(doing)...；...rather than...，by doing so ；both…and...;in the same way;not only...but(also).7)對(duì)照(不同點(diǎn))：yet;still;for all of that;notwithstanding雖然，盡管;rather當(dāng)然，的確，寧愿，相當(dāng);neither...nor;although;though;but;however;something is just the other way around；yet;conversely相反的； unlike； opposed to;as opposed to this與不同 ； in contrast(to)； by way of；on the contrary；different from this； nevertheless然而，不過，雖然如此;contrary to； whereas但是，鑒于； while；but on the other hand 8)舉例關(guān)系:for example； for instance例如； in this case既然假若這樣;namely也就是 instance例子實(shí)例 換句話說； as you know； you may as／say； as he explains； like； such as； a case in point is一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)睦邮?..;consider...； in particular尤其特別；including...；for one thing...首先，for another...；put it simply；stated roughly粗糙地，概略地；

as an illustration，I will say...； a good example(of...)would be...；to detail this，I would like to...； It is interesting to note that...；in this situation;as proof;take the case of;take as example(something)； as for;as regards； as to； according to;on this occasion.9)強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系：in fact;especially；particularly特別，尤其；moreover(此外)；naturally;whatis more important；in reality事實(shí)上；

certainly;of course;indeed;in particular；not to mention...；believe it or not；undeniably(無可置疑);other thing being equal；it is certain／sure that...；to be strict;to be true；by definition;definitely明確地，肯定地;undoubtedly;without a doubt;in truth, in any event(不論怎樣);without reservation(毫無保留地);obviously, not only..but(also...), both...and...10)條件關(guān)系: if；unless;lest；provided that；if it is the case；in this sense；once...；if possible；if necessary；if so；if not all;if anything.11)歸納總結(jié)類： in a word / in sum / in short in brief / in conclusion / in summary therefore因此，所以 / hence因此，今后

to sum up / to conclude the conclusion can be drawn that for this reason / on the whole 12)地點(diǎn)關(guān)系：beyond;opposite to;adjacent鄰近to;at the same place;there;over;in the middle;around;in front of;in the distance;farther;here and there;above;below;at the right;between;on this side.13)目的關(guān)系：with this object無證;for this purpose;in order that;in this way, since;so that;on that account由于。。緣故;in case萬一;with a view to考慮到;for the same reason.14)重申關(guān)系：in other words;that is to say;as I have said;again;once again.15)結(jié)果關(guān)系：accordingly;thus;consequently(因此);hence;therefore;thereupon;inevitably;under these conditions;as a result;as a consequence;because;because of;so that;not only...but(also...);so...as to.16)順序關(guān)系：first;second;thirdly;next;then;at the outset(在開始時(shí))，following this;at this time;now;at this point;after;afterward后來;after this;subsequently后來;lastly最終;finally;consequently所以，因此;before this;previously;preceding this;simultaneously同時(shí)地;concurrently(同時(shí)發(fā)生的)17)時(shí)間關(guān)系：at once;immediately;at length終于，最后;in the mean time同時(shí);meanwhile;at the same time;in the end;then;soon;not long after;later;at once;at last;finally;some time ago;at present;all of a sudden突然;from this time on;from time to time;since then;when;whenever;next point;a few minutes later;formerly;as;once;since;occasionally偶然地;in a moment;shortly立刻;whereupon于是，因此;previously Henceforth今后 介詞 prep.All of十足 1.在...以前

Only two days remained before the examination.考前只剩下兩天了。2.(指順序、重要性等)在...之前,先于 Your name comes before mine.你的名字在我之前。Pride comes before a fall.驕必?cái)　?.由...考慮中

We will put the matter before the committee.我將把此事提交委員會(huì)考慮。4.在...前面;在...面前

She said she had never spoken before an audience.她說她從未在大庭廣眾講演過。狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞 時(shí)間狀語從句

when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when倒裝 地點(diǎn)狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：where 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：Wherever, anywhere, everywhere 原因狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, for 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.目的狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that 結(jié)果狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so … that, such … that, 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that, 程度 條件狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless, 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition that 讓步狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though 特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while(一般用在句首)，no matter …，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever 8． 比較狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較), than(不同程度的比較)特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more … just as …，so…;A is to B what /as X is to Y;no … more than;not A so much as B 方式狀語從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how 特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way From the invaders arrived, breathed our air, ate and drank, they were doomed.They were undone,destroyed,after all of man’s weapons and devices had failed,by the tiniest creatures that God in his wisdom put upon this earth.By the toll of a billion deaths, man had earned his immunity, his right to survive among this planet’s infinite無限的 organisms有機(jī)體.And that right is ours against all challenges.For neither do men live nor die in vain.IN VAIN徒勞，白白

第二篇：ESSAY 要點(diǎn)

這一點(diǎn)你必須相信――教授們希望從你的申請文書中找到一個(gè)真實(shí)而生動(dòng)的人。所以，如果你想寫出一篇真正出色的自薦信，你必須放松，再放松，然后表達(dá)一個(gè)真實(shí)的自己。

但是怎樣表達(dá)一個(gè)真實(shí)的自己呢？真正做到這一點(diǎn)要比你想象的要簡單。通過一系列的調(diào)查和采訪，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)商學(xué)院的教授最希望在申請文章中看到下列幾點(diǎn)：

· 要點(diǎn)明確

· 良好的寫作和交流能力

· 人物的真實(shí)性

· 個(gè)性化的處理

· 注重細(xì)節(jié)的描寫

· 與眾不同的特點(diǎn)

· 誠實(shí)

· 講述一個(gè)故事

要點(diǎn)明確

不論你回答的具體是哪個(gè)問題，總有一些基本的處理方法適用于你的寫作。錄取委員會(huì)不會(huì)特意去尋找這些內(nèi)容點(diǎn)，但是出色的申請材料中，要點(diǎn)必須一目了然。為了確保你達(dá)到了這項(xiàng)基本要求，你可以在遞交整套材料前依照下列標(biāo)準(zhǔn)作一番核對(duì)：

1.你是否明確回答了所有問題？

2.你是否清晰表達(dá)了你的主旨？

3.你的寫作是否自然、和諧，并且沒有語法或拼寫錯(cuò)誤？

當(dāng)你完成針對(duì)一所學(xué)校的整套申請文書的寫作時(shí)，你應(yīng)該回頭把這些文章作為一個(gè)整體再讀一遍，確保你在寫作中已經(jīng)做到：

1.明確表達(dá)了你的動(dòng)機(jī)；

2.完全針對(duì)對(duì)方學(xué)校；

3.描寫了自己不同于他人的至少兩三種品質(zhì)和特點(diǎn)；

4.提出至少一項(xiàng)有力論據(jù)說服錄取委員會(huì)接受你。

良好的寫作和交流能力

申請文書的另一項(xiàng)作用是展示你出色的語言能力和寫作技巧。

誠然，你并不需要通過申請文書來證明你成為作家或?qū)W者的潛力；你需要證明的只是你具有足夠的潛能成為一名未來的企業(yè)管理者。清晰而有技巧的闡明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的能力對(duì)成功的管理者來說是必不可少的，而出色的寫作正顯示了出色的溝通能力。

當(dāng)然，出色的寫作能力并不是全部。一篇漂亮的文章不能保證你被錄取，但是一篇糟糕的文章一定不能使你被錄取。

人物的真實(shí)性

錄取委員會(huì)希望從申請文書中看到的不僅僅是特殊的背景、人格特點(diǎn)或技能，他們要看到一個(gè)完整的人。商學(xué)院的錄取官有一個(gè)近乎固執(zhí)的信念，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為他們能夠穿過數(shù)字和文字了解背后的那個(gè)人。“我們希望找到一些數(shù)字無法說明的東西，比如一些無形的品質(zhì)。我們希望通過申請文章看到這些東西。所以在申請信中你應(yīng)該盡可能的告訴我們你是誰。這樣能使我們的工作流程更加人性化，我們也會(huì)對(duì)我們的錄取決定更安心一點(diǎn)。”

了解這一點(diǎn)，你就不會(huì)感到奇怪為什么大多數(shù)錄取官和商學(xué)院的學(xué)生關(guān)于申請文書寫作最常提出的建議就是“如實(shí)表達(dá)你自己。”盡管這個(gè)意思常以不同的方式表達(dá)，諸如誠實(shí)、真誠、與眾不同、個(gè)性化，等等，其主要含義是一致的。很多申請商學(xué)院的學(xué)生努力使自己看上去像某一種人，譬如領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，成熟的人，或者“有商業(yè)頭腦的”，以至于他們忘記了如實(shí)表達(dá)自己。不幸的是，這只是又一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)誤區(qū)。

個(gè)性化的處理

讓錄取委員會(huì)將你作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立個(gè)體對(duì)待的唯一辦法是做到個(gè)性化。一篇個(gè)性化的自薦信最能向錄取委員會(huì)呈現(xiàn)一個(gè)真實(shí)的你。當(dāng)你在寫作中融合許多個(gè)性化因素的時(shí)候，你的文章會(huì)自動(dòng)變得更加有趣、更加感人，并能在錄取委員會(huì)一周內(nèi)閱讀的上百封自薦信中脫穎而出。

你應(yīng)當(dāng)在寫作中盡可能的做到個(gè)性化。隨大流的文章不僅枯燥無味，而且根本無法說明關(guān)于申請人個(gè)人的任何有意義的東西。個(gè)性化寫作究竟表示什么？它意味著你在寫作中丟掉一切常規(guī)的東西，只寫對(duì)你真正有意義的內(nèi)容，比如一個(gè)關(guān)于你的故事或一件軼事，運(yùn)用你的想象力和豐富的細(xì)節(jié)描寫賦予它生命力。當(dāng)然你在寫作中必須誠實(shí)。

一篇個(gè)性化的文章會(huì)使讀者在讀過之后有一種想認(rèn)識(shí)作者的愿望。你可以在寫作中運(yùn)用輕松的筆調(diào)，使用大量的細(xì)節(jié)，讓讀者感覺仿佛是一個(gè)朋友在向他敘

述一件難忘的事。成功的做到個(gè)性化是需要技巧的，如果你的文章達(dá)到了這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它無疑將是一篇令人難忘的精彩之作。

注重細(xì)節(jié)的描寫

使用足夠的細(xì)節(jié)描寫能使你的文章頓時(shí)顯得更加有趣和個(gè)性化。一篇沒有細(xì)節(jié)描寫的自薦信就像一只沒有加料的匹薩餅――它也許能喂飽你，但是你想吃嗎？

細(xì)節(jié)為你的文章添加了顏色和調(diào)料，并賦予它生命。細(xì)節(jié)的使用表現(xiàn)了特殊性。詳細(xì)的描述為你聲稱自己擁有的種種品質(zhì)和優(yōu)點(diǎn)提供了可以觸摸到的事實(shí)依據(jù)，從而增強(qiáng)了它們的可信度，并使讀者更容易記住。如果這件事涉及具體的過程和數(shù)字，你應(yīng)當(dāng)把它們記錄下來。

你在文章中表明的每一點(diǎn)都需要詳實(shí)的事例來支撐。正是這些事例和細(xì)節(jié)的描寫使你的文章顯得與眾不同。如果你能用具體的數(shù)字和描述來支撐文章中提到的種種成就，那就更好了。因?yàn)閮H僅聲稱自己取得了某項(xiàng)成績而沒有具體的事例來證明，這種聲稱就會(huì)顯的像夸夸其談而缺乏說服力。

與眾不同的特點(diǎn)

做到與眾不同比你想象的要容易一些，畢竟你本身就是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的個(gè)體。而體現(xiàn)你的與眾不同則要困難一些，但這是使你的自薦信從眾多文章中脫穎而出的一個(gè)要訣。為此你可能要做一點(diǎn)小小的冒險(xiǎn)，但這絕對(duì)是值得的。

商科學(xué)生不應(yīng)該害怕做一點(diǎn)小小的冒險(xiǎn)來顯得與眾不同。這種冒險(xiǎn)也許意味著使用一些幽默，或者引起一些小小的爭議。太多學(xué)生由于害怕出錯(cuò)而刪除了能夠真實(shí)描述他們自己的內(nèi)容，結(jié)果遞交了一篇自以?quot;安全“，事實(shí)上卻單調(diào)乏味的文章。

如果你的背景與常人不同，不要削弱對(duì)它的描寫。從以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)來看，與眾不同的經(jīng)歷和背景使申請人具有明顯的優(yōu)勢。如，下面這位申請人就充分利用了他的獨(dú)特背景，在自薦信的開頭這樣寫道：”Because I am one of the world's few Catholic, Egyptian Mississippians who went to an Ivy League School, the particular set of influences affecting my development has been distinctive.“但需要注意的是，不要過分依賴你的特殊背景；你仍然需要把這項(xiàng)背景與你的獨(dú)特品質(zhì)，你為什么選擇對(duì)方學(xué)校，以及你能為商學(xué)院帶來什么聯(lián)系起來。同樣，僅僅一項(xiàng)特殊的背景并不能保證你被錄取

誠 實(shí)

不論你采用哪一種寫作技巧，誠實(shí)都是高于一切的原則。不要為了達(dá)到某種效果而作過度的夸張。你的文章體現(xiàn)出來的誠實(shí)，坦率和真誠是錄取過程中最看重的品質(zhì)之一。永遠(yuǎn)不要低估目標(biāo)讀者的判斷能力。一位教授說：”在看了15年的申請文章后，你會(huì)有這種特殊的能力，能夠一眼看穿文章寫的究竟是不是真事。“

另一方面，誠實(shí)并不表示承認(rèn)自己所有的缺點(diǎn)和過錯(cuò)。當(dāng)然也有人在自薦信里寫過自己的缺點(diǎn)，但這往往是運(yùn)用欲揚(yáng)先抑手法的情況下提到的。如果你在寫作中曾以某種方式提到過自己的缺點(diǎn)，一定要記得在寄出文章之前請別人先讀一讀你的稿子，以確定你所提到的缺點(diǎn)沒有損壞你的形象。

講述一個(gè)故事

在自薦信中講述一個(gè)故事無疑能大大增加文章的趣味性和吸引力。最有效的處理方法是在文章的開頭先講述一個(gè)故事，隨后再切入到旁白的角色來解釋這件事并說明你從中學(xué)到了什么。這個(gè)方法之所以奏效是因?yàn)檫@樣你就會(huì)以最有趣的情節(jié)開頭。很多申請人喜歡先寫一段介紹性的文字，再引出要講的故事。千萬不要這樣做，因?yàn)檫@樣寫將使效果大打折扣。一位教授說： ”申請人應(yīng)記住永遠(yuǎn)不要以大而空的話題開頭，去談什么人類的本性和宇宙的原理。你只需講一個(gè)簡單的故事，讓讀者自己去想這故事表達(dá)了一些什么……往往如果第一段沒有吸引我的注意力，我就開始跳讀剩下的部分？

在遞交你的申請材料之前，你應(yīng)該確保你的文章讀起來流暢。不要讓讀者去猜測你究竟想表達(dá)什么。你的文章應(yīng)當(dāng)富于動(dòng)感，各部分緊密相連，共同說明一個(gè)主旨。你可以使用一種隨意的、對(duì)話式的語言來展現(xiàn)一個(gè)真實(shí)而放松的形象。講述一個(gè)故事通常有三種方法。第一種是把整篇文章寫成一個(gè)故事；第二種是以一個(gè)故事開頭引出你的主題；第三種是在通篇文章中運(yùn)用一種非正式的、對(duì)話式的、甚至帶點(diǎn)幽默的語調(diào)進(jìn)行寫作。某些教授不太欣賞寫故事的手法，但另一些卻非常喜歡收到這樣的申請信。因此，慎重起見，除非你對(duì)自己的寫作能力很有信心，不然輕易還是不要使用這一手法。即使你的寫作能力很出色，你也要在遞交之前盡可能多的從他人那里得到反饋和建議。寫一個(gè)有趣的故事是不夠的，你仍然需要在其中明確表達(dá)你的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)，你的能力，以及個(gè)性的成熟。常用的一種方法是以一個(gè)故事作為文章的開頭，在隨后的段落中進(jìn)入旁白的角色，詳細(xì)的解釋這個(gè)事件，揭示自己從中學(xué)到了什么。相形之下，這是個(gè)較為妥當(dāng)?shù)奶幚矸椒ǎ虼艘脖缓芏嗌暾堈卟捎谩?/p>

第三篇：導(dǎo)論課Essay

Sophomore, class 2, No.10Echo吳霞蔚

A Student & a Teacher

I have been a student for many years and I am destined to be a teacher in the years to come.This period of time of being a student of how to become a qualified teacher is quite different from the previous years.I was merely a learner.I absorbed knowledge without questioning and tried to be a good student.I tried ways that my teachers recommended and followed my teacher’s ways of conducting my learning.Yet now I have another role to play.I start to think what it is that makes me a good English learner and what it means to be a good teacher, and a good English teacher.First, I am fully convinced that the way you learn will greatly affect the way you teach.I believe I can be a good English teacher provided that I have been a quite efficient English learner and I enjoy the process of learning English very much.I have been doing some tutoring lately.And I heard many students complaining about how boring English learning was.Back in my junior and senior years, I heard similar complains from my classmates, too.And moreover, I felt exactly the same way when I was asked to follow our English teacher’s instructions of memorizing words and sentence patterns.Something was wrong!And I think it’s not only the teachers that are to blame.It’s the rigid educational system!Students mainly learn in order to pass exams rather than enjoying the process.That is exactly why they lose interest.We seem to have forgotten that life, in and of itself, is more about experiencing.The leading character Rancho in the wonderful film 3 Idiots embodied this life philosophy quite excellently.I have a dream.I want to make English learning an enjoyment rather than a daunting tusk.I want my students fully experience this process and enjoy it.I want them to be confident and become efficient English learners.To achieve this, I have been observing what my English teachers have been doing and carefully evaluating the different methods according to my own feeling and my classmates’ feedbacks.I tried out different ways of teaching on my own tutoring and observed the outcome in my students.Once in my tutoring, I had this student who showed no interest in studying at all.His mother tried to persuade me into using a method of instilling, to elaborate which she even used a wood metaphor for her son and me, the water, with the intention of wood absorbing water.How absurd it was!In my opinion, what I was supposed to do is exactly the opposite.We should inspire students to become a sponge and absorb the water zealously and with much higher efficiency.I came to know the Pygmalion Effect *1 and related it to different

phenomena in my own learning experiences.Apart from that, I think of my favorite teacher and find out what make them respectable and popular.I read many books of excellent teachers and see the miracles they made.I love miracles.They are great examples of eminence.From Marva Collins *2 to Carle Witte *3, every prominent educator can teach us many things that have been neglected by the majority of us in daily life.Moreover, I get in touch with some of my excellent teachers and discuss with them about teaching.It’s really fruitful.For example, once I wrote a thank-you letter to my favorite teacher and expressed my gratitude to him.We were both so grateful for the time we spent together.What a precious experience!We talked about excellent books and activities that can be applied to teaching.For example, I suggest he do the merit-finding activity among students.“Believes are often self-fulfilling prophecies.” Harvard professor Tal put it.I got the idea from an excellent novel named

*4 Christmas List.And he did it!What an encouraging gesture!And I believe

both of us benefited a great deal from it.It’s like that I have a purpose now.So I can see more things related to being a good teacher, thus I see more and learn better.By and by, those tiny pieces in different aspects come into one.It is indeed one remarkable advantage of entering a normal university.A teacher is indeed a blessed career.Note：

1.皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)(Pygmalion Effect)，也有譯“畢馬龍效應(yīng)”、“比馬龍效應(yīng)”、“羅森塔爾效應(yīng)”或“期待效應(yīng)”，由美國著名心理學(xué)家羅森塔爾和雅格布森在小學(xué)教學(xué)上予以驗(yàn)證提出。暗示在本質(zhì)上，是人的情感和觀念，會(huì)不同程度地受到別人下意識(shí)的影響。人們會(huì)不自覺地接受自己喜歡、欽佩、信任和崇拜的人的影響和暗示。而這種暗示，正是讓你夢想成真的基石之一。皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)（Pygmalion Effect）指人們基于對(duì)某種情境的知覺而形成的期望或預(yù)言，會(huì)使該情境產(chǎn)生適應(yīng)這一期望或預(yù)言的效應(yīng)。你期望什么，你就會(huì)得到什么，你得到的不是你想要的，而是你期待的。只要充滿自信的期待，只要真的相信事情會(huì)順利進(jìn)行，事情一定會(huì)順利進(jìn)行，相反的說，如果你相信事情不斷地受到阻力，這些阻力就會(huì)產(chǎn)生，成功的人都會(huì)培養(yǎng)出充滿自信的態(tài)度，相信好的事情會(huì)一定會(huì)發(fā)生的。這就是心理學(xué)上所說的皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)。

“皮格瑪利翁效應(yīng)”留給我們這樣一個(gè)啟示：贊美、信任和期待具有一種能量，它能改變?nèi)说男袨椋?dāng)一個(gè)人獲得另一個(gè)人的信任、贊美時(shí)，他便感覺獲得了社會(huì)支持，從而增強(qiáng)了自我價(jià)值，變得自信、自尊，獲得一種積極向上的動(dòng)力，并盡力達(dá)到對(duì)方的期待，以避免對(duì)方失望，從而維持這種社會(huì)支持的連續(xù)性。

2.Marva Collins: 在上課第一天，她對(duì)學(xué)生們說：“我們好好樹立自己的信念。”她不厭其煩地傳達(dá)著這一信息。她堅(jiān)持對(duì)學(xué)生說——我相信你，你能成功，自己承擔(dān)自己的責(zé)任，別再埋怨，成功與否全在你。她不厭其煩地傳達(dá)著這些積極的信息。同時(shí)她對(duì)學(xué)生滿懷期待，把目光放在他們的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和長處上，并加以培養(yǎng)。奇跡就這樣發(fā)生了。

Marva在學(xué)校里教一年級(jí)到四年級(jí)，慢慢地，事情真得如她所說的那樣有了改觀，她的學(xué)生，那些認(rèn)為“不可教”的學(xué)生，到了四年級(jí)就可以讀愛默生和莎士比亞的作品了，十歲的學(xué)生就可以做高中的數(shù)學(xué)。”

“但是有人嫉妒并惡語中傷她。Marva便離開了這所學(xué)校，開辦了自己的家庭學(xué)校。給學(xué)生上課就在她家的廚房里，一開始只有四個(gè)學(xué)生，其中兩個(gè)是她自己的孩子，漸漸地更多的學(xué)生來到了她的家，來的學(xué)生很多都是從公立學(xué)校退學(xué)的，還有很多街頭的小混混，學(xué)生越來越多，她就在外面租了一間房做教室，冬天寒冷無比，夏天酷熱難耐，但是學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)熱情很高。奇跡在Marva的學(xué)生身上發(fā)生了，Marva所有的學(xué)生從小學(xué)一直上到高中畢業(yè)，接著，所有的學(xué)生，注意，是所有的學(xué)生都上了大學(xué)，然后大學(xué)畢業(yè)，沒錯(cuò)，就是那些“不可教”的學(xué)生。”“Marva數(shù)十年生活貧困，然而她努力平衡學(xué)校開支，因?yàn)楹芏鄬W(xué)生都繳不起學(xué)費(fèi)。這些日子還是熬過去了。1979年，情況一夜之間發(fā)生了變化，CBS

《60分鐘》欄目的制片人得知了Marva的故事之后，制作了15分鐘的節(jié)目，她一夜成名，1980年，美國新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)里根打電話給Marva請她做教育部長，但Marva拒絕了他的邀請，她說，我太喜歡教師這個(gè)職業(yè)了，八年過去了，新當(dāng)選的總統(tǒng)老布什再次打電話請她做教育部長，她再一次拒絕。1995年，一位慈善家捐贈(zèng)了數(shù)千萬美元給Marva，現(xiàn)在全國都有Marva的學(xué)校，今天Marva的學(xué)生有政治家，著名律師和醫(yī)生，但更多的是教師。

3.卡爾?威特（Karl Witte）1800年7月1日出生于德國薩勒河畔的哈勒市洛赫小村，是19世紀(jì)德國的一個(gè)著名的天才。他八九歲時(shí)就能自由運(yùn)用德語、法語、意大利語、拉丁語、英語和希臘語這六國語言；并且通曉動(dòng)物學(xué)、植物學(xué)、物理學(xué)、化學(xué)，尤其擅長數(shù)學(xué)；9歲考入萊比錫大學(xué)；10歲進(jìn)入哥廷根大學(xué)；13歲出版了《三角術(shù)》一書；年僅14歲就被授予哲學(xué)博士學(xué)位（事實(shí)上，卡爾目前仍然是《世界吉尼斯記錄大全》中“最年輕的博士”記錄保持者[1]）；16歲獲得法學(xué)博士學(xué)位，并被任命為柏林大學(xué)的法學(xué)教授；23歲他發(fā)表《但丁的誤解》一書，成為研究但丁的權(quán)威。與那些過早失去后勁的神童們不同，卡爾?威特一生都在德國的著名大學(xué)里授學(xué)，在有口皆碑的贊揚(yáng)聲中一直講到1883年3月6日逝世為止。卡爾?威特能取得這番驚人的成就，并不是由于他的天賦有多高超——恰恰相反，他出生后被認(rèn)為是個(gè)有些癡呆的嬰兒——而是全賴他的父親教育有方。卡爾的父親把小卡爾長到14歲以前的教育寫成了一本書，這就是《卡爾?威特的教育》。書中詳細(xì)記述了這個(gè)父親的核心理念，一個(gè)人最終能否有所成就，其稟賦起著一定的影響，但最主要的還是后天的教育。教育得當(dāng)，普通的孩子也能成長為天才。教育不當(dāng)，即使再大的天才也會(huì)被毀掉。他記載了他的孩子成長的過程，教育心得、方法，提出了早期教育的理念。

4.《圣誕節(jié)清單》：小說源自互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上盛傳的故事。明尼蘇達(dá)州的一個(gè)修女在她教的班上，讓每個(gè)學(xué)生在一張紙箋上寫上自己的名字，然后讓其他同學(xué)每人寫下一句對(duì)這個(gè)學(xué)生欣賞和贊美的話。這份寫滿同學(xué)對(duì)自己真摯評(píng)價(jià)的清單被許多人一直珍藏著，成為其人生道路上披荊斬棘的魔法石。當(dāng)他們的生活及事業(yè)受挫感到沮喪甚至失去生活的勇氣時(shí)，清單給予他們無窮的力量，甚至改變了他們的人生。

第四篇：商務(wù)實(shí)習(xí)essay

Understanding Small Enterprises

I learnt a lot from Lu Qiang’s video.And my understandings are as follow.First ofall, there are some questions that I want to ask.What are the key charateristics of successful entrepreneurs? What does it take to be a successful

entrepreneur and is there a perfect combination of attributes that can be used to precict success? Are there different characteristics for successful entrepreneurs?

A great deal of research has been carried out in this area andwe do know thatthere are some key characteristic of successful entrepreneurs.Genderally speaking, successful entreprises should possess some advantages as follow.As far as I’m concerned, effectively managing the business enterprise involves many aspects.From the day-to-day to the large-scale annual events or maintenance,managerial duties are often never-ending.The solid leadership and understanding of the industry are a great start, but these alone will not create solid management in the business.First of all, lead with knowledge and confidence.To build your leadership skills, find a more experienced manager willing to mentor you.Use networking to connect with managerial staff from other companies that can give you wisdom.In this

ever-changing world, it is crucial that you stay current and informed on any technology, products and practices that relate to your company.Secondly, delegate effectively.No matter how skilled you are, you will not be able to manage everything on your own.However, delegating can create more work for you if you do not do it well.Make a list of things that you know you must do yourself and things that could successfully be accomplished by another.Your time should be spent in the areas in which you excel, but be careful not to over-delegate.If you have given

too many tasks away, you will spend all of your time monitoring their progress, leaving you unable to accomplish your own tasks.In addition, hire the right employees and manage them with care.Interview and

screen every candidate, performing background checks and credit checks, especially if they will be handling money.Be purposeful about job descriptions so that the eventual employee will know of your expectations and be clear about what is required of them.Set clear expectations in employee manuals and be prepared to consistently enforce those expectations.Consequences for unethical or inappropriate behavior should be labeled in employee manuals.Motivate and train your employees.As business practices and technology change, it is important educate your employees.Motivate them with bonuses and rewards for specific achievements.Building employee morale will benefit you and the business.Share the company’s success with the employees to give them a sense of ownership and belonging.Besides, highly motivated individuals believe in themselves and their ability to develop the business-and they transmit that enthusiasm to others.They encourage the other employees to be active and enthusiatic in achieving organisational goals and objectives.Thus, the entrepreneurs’ motivated behaviour is a goog pattern for the employees in adapting to the organisational environment.Meet the needs of your customers.Your employees should be well-trained in customer service, but you should lead as their best example.Make it a priority to truly listen to the needs of your customers.Ask appropriate, open-ended questions about the customer’s needs and desires.Successful entrepreneurs have a high level of enger and are hardworking people who are willing to stick with their business.Entrepreneurs generally work long hours and take responsibility for the hundreds of details involoved in mangging their business.They continue to work hard even when things do go wrong.Despite difficult times,successful entrepreneurs continue to takethe stepsneedsed to their bussiness dreams come true.Successful entrepreneurs have managerial and technical knowledge oftheir business.They know how to manage the business and have the balance of skills required for running the business.A sound working knowledge of both general business practices and the processes used to deliver goods and services is a must: the more skill sets that entrepreneurs have, particularly in the early stages of the new business, the better off they are likrly to be.Entrepreneurs are trained and have developed their managerial skills in the areas of marking, accounting, administration and managing people.Today’s entrepreneur has, alongside technical skills, a managerial and a good

educational background.In addition, there are a variety of highly skilled consultants who can help entrepreneurial ventures be successful.Last but not least, market your company effectively.Although the business owner may have a paid marketing staff, you must still be willing to use your own skills and those found in your own department to market your company.All in all, we should take every action after think and think again.Only in these ways can we make the enterprises better and better!

外國語學(xué)院英語113班張秋云

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第五篇：高中作文連接詞

Dear all:

作文的提高無法一蹴而就，有機(jī)會(huì)我們可以慢慢來，不過在考前突擊的情況下，記住下面的詞匯并盡量用到作文里，還是可以一定幅度提分的。拿不準(zhǔn)怎么用的問同學(xué)或問我。Shaped by the past, create the future—Durham University 的校訓(xùn)，送給大家。Let’s work hard to create our future!-----Best regardsCynthia

舉例：

For examplefor instancetake…such as…and so on

也就是說：

That is to saynamelyin other words

因果：

soforthereforeas a resultthusbecausebecause ofthanks to

遞進(jìn)：

thenbesideswhat is moremoreoverfurthermorein addition

順序：

Firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally.To start with, next, in addition, finally.First and foremost(第一的也是最重要的)，besides, last but not least(最后，但也依然重要的)

轉(zhuǎn)折：

neverthelesshoweveralthoughthoughbuton the contraryafter alloppositely

總結(jié)：

in shortin a wordin generalgenerally speakingfinally

at lastas far as I knowin briefbriefly speakingin the endas a matter of factin realityin facton the whole

in conclusiontherefore

強(qiáng)調(diào)：

reallyindeedcertainlysurelyfor sureabove all

對(duì)比：in the same wayjust asin common withcompared withon the one hand…on the other handfor one thing… for anothersimilarly

平行:

andboth…andas well asas wellneither noreither ornot only but also