第一篇：BFT_全國出國培訓備選人員外語考試必備學習

美式論文、報告寫作技巧

編者按：美式教育的特點即是課程內容強調學生參與及創新運用，因此，報告便成了常見的考核學生學習成果的方式，比如實驗報告、學期報告、專題報告、研究報告及論文（含畢業論文）等。研究生presentation 及 seminar 的機會更是占很大的比重，有些甚至占學期成績很大比例。如何完成報告、論文同時得到良好的成績，是本文提供給有志留學的有心人參考的目的。

美國大學生由於自小已養成自動尋找答案習慣，在啟發式的教育環境下，寫報告、論文對他們來說比較不陌生，雖然專業知識上美國學生不見得比外籍學生強，但是表達能力由於自小培養，加上英語能力的優勢，常比外籍學生在報告、論文方面有較隹的利基。反之中國學生比較缺乏報告寫作的訓練，因此如果在留學過程中無法適應美式教育會比較辛苦，其實論文、報告的寫作要領其實不難，只要把握技巧就可水到渠成。

通常論文由篇首(Preliminaries)，本文(Texts)以及參考資料(References)三部分構成；而這三大部分各自內容如下：

(一)篇首：

封面(Title)序言(Preface)

謝詞(Acknowledge)提要(Summary)

目錄(Tables and Appendixes)

(二)本文：

引言(Introduction)

主體，含篇(Part)、章(Chapter)、節(Section)、以及注釋(Footnotes)

(三)參考資料：

參考書目(References or Bibliography)附錄資料(Appendix)。

進行論文或報告寫作之前，先要確定想要表達的主題，主題確定后，將其具體表達，即為題目。題目可以提供研究者：

一.研究的方向

二.研究的范圍

三.資料搜集的范圍

四.預期研究成果

通常在確定題目之後就開始找資料從事研究，建議在找資料之前最好去問教授有哪些參考資料來源可供參考引用。構思為確定寫作大綱或 Proposal 的先前步驟，大綱是論文、報告的骨干，Proposal 是研究的架構、流程及范圍的說明書。如何構思大綱或Proposal為論文、報告寫作前的必要準備工作。好的論文或研究報告，要基于在完整、詳實的資料上，而參考資料除了和教授商借之外，最主要的來源就是圖書館了，一般參考資料來源可分成教科書或手冊、政府機構的報告、科技或商業方面的雜志，及會議性質的資料。此外現代的電腦資料庫也可幫助收集資料，在國外可利用學校的電腦連線資料庫尋找自己需要的資料。當一切準備就緒，即可開始著手寫報告，一般報告還分大報告如期末、專題等報告，及小報告如 Seminar 式的報告。

就算是小報告，也至少應含

(一)TITLE PAGES ：包含主題名稱、作者、日期

(二)Summary： 即主要的結論

(三)Introduction：包括理論背景及內容

(四)Technical Sections：是論文的主體，為最重要的部份應再細分為 幾個片斷。

(五)Conclusions：即扼要的結論

(六)Appendixes：復雜公式的導引及叁考資料和電腦程式的報表可附加在 此項

美式報告的撰寫通常要打字，兩行式，行間若有未拼完的字要以音節來連接。寫報告通常需要用到電腦，如有計算數字統計圖表的需求，也常會用到程式軟體如PASCAL、LOTUS，統計分析軟體如SAS，也是不可或缺的，電腦繪圖在今日已成為工商界及學術界的重要工具，文書處理更是最基本的要求，因此Word for Window、Powerpoint、Excel便成了頗受歡迎的工具。此外在英文語法、文法上的潤飾與修改，如能請老美幫忙會比較好。

論文、報告完成后有時會需要做解說(Presentation)，用英文來講演對中國人來說算是一大挑戰，通常課堂講演時間為十五分鐘到三十分鐘，若是論文囗試則至少一小時。投影機及麥克風的使用對講演的效果有很大幫助，正式講演前多預習幾次，時間宜控制適中，上臺時忌諱低頭拿著報告照念，需留意聽眾的反應，切中主題，避免太多數字的導引。

浙江省領導干部班 浙江省政府出資

全國出國培訓備選人員外語考試，英語名稱為Business Foreign Language Test,簡稱BFT，于一九八五年設立，是由國家外國專家局主辦的國家級標準化外語水平測試，是衡量出國培訓人員外語水平的國家級標準。適用于我國政府、工商企業、財政金融等部門出國培訓人員和已在或準備到國內外資企業工作的各類英語學習者及參加中、高級專業技術資格評定的各類專業技術員。目前已有十多萬名考生參加了考試。隨著我國改革開放的逐步深入，BFT考試從僅服務于國家計劃培訓工作，已發展為面向全社會的標準化外語水平測試?？荚嚨哪康氖歉鶕虅占凹夹g工作的需要，從聽、說、讀、寫四個方面對考生在商務、技術工作和一般生活環境下使用英語的基本能力進行全面考查。其特點是注重測評外語實際運用能力，而不僅僅是外語的一般知識。

一、考試的語種及分級

BFT考試分英語、日語、德語、俄語四個語種；初級（C級）、中級（B級）和高級（A級）三個級別。

二、考試的機構設置

國家外國專家局是中國政府主管國家智力引進的行政機構，主要負責在華外國專家的管理和中國專業技術人員、管理人員的出國培訓工作。

BFT考試委員會是國家外專局下屬的BFT考試領導機構，考試委員會委員由各有關部門及單位的領導和部分知名的專家學者組成?？荚囄瘑T會下設英語、日語、德語、俄語四個專業委員會。BFT考試辦公室設在國家外國專家局培訓中心，是BFT考務辦公室，負責考試試卷的印刷、發放、成績登錄、合格證填寫等考務工作。

根據考試需要在全國范圍內設立省、區、市BFT考試領導小組和考試培訓中心。

三、考試辦法

BFT英語考試每年進行兩次，通常于每年的一月及七月舉行；日語、德語、俄語每年進行一次，通常于七月舉行。BFT考試辦公室于每次考試之前的兩個月向各有關部門和地方下達考試通知，并通過新聞媒介發布考試消息，考生可據此向設在各地的BFT考試中心就近報名參加考試。

考生可參加全部考試，也可根據考試目的選擇相應測試科目。三個科目全部合格，根據成績發給全國出國培訓人員外語考試辦公室負責印刷的相應BFT合格證。只參加某一科目考試的考生，成績合格者可獲得單科合格證。BFT高級合格證和高級單科證有效期為四年，中、初級合格證及中、初級單科合格證有效期為三年。

四、報名時間

每年組織兩次考試，分別在當年一月和七月的第三個星期六舉行。考試通知在報名日期前一個月頒發。除特殊情況另行通知外，兩次考試報名日期分別截止于六月十日和十二月十日。各考點在報名日期截止后的一周內將報名情況報告辦公室。

五、考試內容

考試包括聽力、筆試、口試三部分。其中筆試包括閱讀理解、書面表達（寫作）等內容?？荚囋谝惶靸韧瓿?。上午進行聽力及筆試的測試，下午進行口試。

具體考試項目分為聽力理解25%、閱讀理解35%、書面表達15%、口頭表達25%。

六、考試對象

（1）執行國家外國專家局批準派出項目的國家機關、工商企業、事業單位的出國培訓備選人員以及擬從國家外國專家局渠道選派出國的培訓人員。（2）根據國務院辦公廳《關于派遣團組和人員赴國外培訓的規定》（國引辦字[1990]4號）及其《暫行實施細則》（國引辦字[1990]59號），由各地區、各部門審批并報國家外國專家局審核、備案的國外培訓項目的出國培訓備選人員。（3）評定職稱，需外語成績的人員。

（4）已通過全國職稱外語等級考試A級，希望取得BFT高級證書的人員。（5）參加中國人民銀行金融專業英語證書考試（FECT）合格，希望取得BFT證書的人員。

（6）參加國家審計英語考試（AET）合格，希望取得BFT證書的人員。

（7）申請到荷蘭社會科學院研究生院（ISS）學習、荷蘭國際航空與地球科學研究院（ITC）學習，需要通過BFT高級考試的人員。

（8）根據外專發[1999]154號文件關于短期出國培訓人員需要參加BFT初級考試的規定，從2002年開始，45歲（含45歲）以下短期出國培訓人員都必須參加BFT初級考試。

（9）其他希望檢測外語水平的人員。

七、證書認證

獲得BFT高級合格證者，其個人資料將存入全國出國培訓備選人員庫，國家外國專家局在執行國家派遣的中、長期出國項目時，將從中優先挑選。根據人事部人辦職[1994]3號文件《關于通過BFT考試的人員可免予專業技術外語考試的通知》的規定，BFT考試成績可作為評定職稱依據，并逐漸成為國家機關、其事業單位招工、招干的參考標準。同時BFT以其完善科學的測試體系已成為國有大中企業、外資、合資企業人力資源評測的重要手段。

英語作文常用諺語、俗語

1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.說謊者即使講真話也沒人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea.海納百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome.條條大路通羅馬。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只會用功不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善終。

7、Actions speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find.知音難覓。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患難見真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友難，失朋友易。

11、A good beginning is half done.良好的開端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善終。

13、A good book is a good friend.好書如摯友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes.母愛永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一蘋果，不用請醫生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring.一花獨放不是春，百花齊放春滿園。

18、A year's plan starts with spring.一年之計在于春。

19、A young idler, an old beggar.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。

20、Better late than never.不怕慢，單怕站。

21、By reading we enrich the mind.讀書使人充實，22、Care and diligence bring luck.謹慎和勤奮才能抓住機遇。

23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。

24、Custom is a second nature.習慣是后天養成的。

25、Custom makes all things easy.有個好習慣，事事皆不難。

26、Doing is better than saying.與其掛在嘴上，不如落實在行動上。

27、Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而廢。

28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日畢。

29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻煩。

30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身體好。

31、Easier said than done.說得容易，做得難。

32、Easy come, easy go.來也匆匆，去也匆匆。

33、Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃飯是為了活著，但活著不是為了吃飯。

34、Every man has his faults.金無足赤，人無完人。

35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命運自己掌握。

36、Every minute counts.分秒必爭。

37、Each coin has two sides.38、Fact speak louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。

39、Failure is the mother of success.失敗是成功之母。

40、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

41、Health is better than wealth.健康勝過財富。

42、Honesty is the best policy.做人誠信為本。

43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最壞的打算。

44、It is never too old to learn.活到老，學到老。

45、Knowledge is power.知識就是力量

46、Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。

47、No pain，no gain.（不勞無獲。）

48、You never know till you have tried.不嘗試，不知曉。

49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奮是成功之母。

51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy

and wise.早

睡早起，使

52、Experience is the best teacher.經驗是最好的教師。

53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set

人健康、富裕和聰穎。

54、Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。

55、Practice makes perfect ．（熟能生巧。）

56、Pride goes before a fall．（驕傲必敗。）

Superstar and I It’s common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors.However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart.He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin.When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around.What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music.Rome wasn’t built in one day.He achieved the great success through huge effort.I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and I Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder.She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart.Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me.The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it.She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up.She is like a sunshine that gives me hope.Where there is a will, there is a way.

第二篇：全國出國培訓備選人員外語考試(BFT)經典作文(熟背一定過)

全國出國培訓備選人員外語考試（BFT）作文模板

模版1

Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 觀點1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 觀點2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 論據1.More importantly, 論據2.Most important of all, 論據3.In summary, 總結觀點.I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.模版2

People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 觀點1, while others point out that 觀點2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 論據1.For another, 論據2.Last but not the least, 論據3.To conclude, 總結觀點.As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.模版3

There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(爭論的焦點)。Some people are of the view that 觀點1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 論據1。

Furthermore, 論據2。

Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 論據3。

A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結觀點。

As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心.或 From above, we can predict that 預測.1.對立觀點式

A.有人認為X 是好事，贊成X，為什么?

B.有人認為X 是壞事，反對X，為什么?

C.我的看法。

Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個原因。

However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反對X 的第一個理由。An example can give the details of this argument: 一個例子。

There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個壞處。

2.批駁觀點式

A.一個錯誤觀點。

B.我不同意。

Many people argue that 錯誤觀點。By saying that, they mean 對這個觀點的進一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個錯誤觀點或者受到這個錯誤觀點的影響)。

There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯誤觀點相反的觀點。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。

3.社會問題(現象)式

A.一個社會問題或者現象。

B.產生的原因

C.對社會和我們生活的影響

D.如何杜絕。(如果是問題的話)

E.前景的預測。

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 調查內容說明這種現象的情況。(或者是一個例子)。

There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。

Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……

Internet and Our Life Internet is now one of the best forms of media, with its swiftness and interactivity.Internet is becoming the foundation of our modern society.With the assistance of Internet, more people can now communicate with one another more freely and quickly.Internet also serves to be a great source of wisdom and creation.It is already becoming the electronic library of the future, giving vent to creativity and ingenuity unparalleled（無比的；空前的）in human history.But Internet is a double-bladed sword.Its ability to distribute information and connect people around the world is often abused by us.Junk mail proliferates（迅速擴大）the Internet.Every year，many young people are deceived by their online friends.The damage we have suffered from Internet is also too severe to recover.Indeed，Internet access connects many of us to a world of information at the touch of a button.Internet is such an integral part of our life.In order to have Internet serve us human-beings well, we must not take its negative sides for granted.Web sites, especially the web sites available to the young children, must be strictly censored.It‘s time we took effective measures to minimize the side effects of Internet.Women, Second-class Citizens? Women won their independence years ago.After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world.But the hard-fought battle for recognition is by no means over.Top-level political negotiation between countries, business and banking are almost entirely controlled by men, who jealously guard their so-called ―rights‖.Even in the very progressive places like Switzerland, women haven‘t been given the vote.Women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens.Women are said to be unreliable and irrational.They depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions.They are not even capable of thinking clearly.In fact, women have succeeded in many jobs, as politicians doctors，university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus-conductors, scientists, etc..And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.In conclusion, women have proved repeatedly that they are equal and sometimes even superior to men in many fields.The women should not belong to a different species.Information in the Modern World

To be well-informed is very important in the modern world.Success or failure in many fields, very frequently, depends on whether the latest information is obtained, not on how much knowledge one has already acquired.This is why the current era is called ―Information Age‖.There are many ways to get the latest information to keep up with what is going on both at home and abroad.Newspaper reading is a very popular and convenient means.Newspaper articles usually cover almost all kinds of news: local news, regional news, national news, international news...Besides, TV programs also offer varied kinds of news---news of politics, finance, education, sports...But the most exciting means of obtaining information, I think, should be from computer network.Almost all kinds of the latest information are accessible there.To sum up, I would like to predict that information will play a more and more important part in the future.Without information, we would act like the blind and would find it extremely difficult to make a step forward.Education and Technology

Education and technology have a close relationship with each other, which becomes increasingly obvious in the modern society.As is known to us all, we live in the ?information age‘ or ?knowledge explosion age‘.The reason for this may be twofold: on the one hand, education is the base for technological advance.Without education, people are unlikely to acquire knowledge, which means that there would be no one applying technology.On the other hand, advanced technology impels（驅使）the development of education, because advanced technology invariably means more educational opportunities and more varied facilities for education.Hence, a greater number of people will be educated.In order to advance technology, we have to develop education as soon as possible.Otherwise, it would block the speed of development.Developing education has at least two advantages.For one thing, developing education can ensure technologic innovation continuously.Generally speaking, better-educated people, who get more knowledge, are supposed to be more initiative than those who get less education.For the other thing, developing education can guarantee the wide application of technology.With the rapid development of our national economy, technology penetrates（滲透）every aspect of our life so much so that one would fall into trouble if he learned insufficient knowledge of technology.For example, those who know little about computers will meet with difficulties both in their work and life.In order to carry out education effectively, we should try to take the advantage of technological facilities.The utility of technology can accelerate the development of education.It not only supplies more and more new applications and methods for research in education, but also improves the structure of education itself.In short, education and technology are the two inseparable parts of human development.They relate to each other closely and help to push each other forward.Science and Technology —— a Blessing or a Curse?

Science and technology have brought about tremendous changes in people‘s lives.Scientific research continues to explore the fields that people previously undreamed of.fifty years ago, few people could even imagine things like computers, lasers and space-scuttles.Now all these newly invented technologies are benefiting people all over the world.In a word, advanced science and technology has made man master of the globe.As is known to all, each coin has two sides.When we are enjoying the remarkable wonders which science and technology has brought us, we are suffering at the same time from a lot of troubles.For example, environmental pollution, noise, green-house effect and nuclear weapons are the things we did not need to bother about in the past.But these problems nowadays are not only making our life inconvenient, but even dangerous.In my opinion, humans are now relatively more powerful.So it is up to men to decide what we should do and what we shouldn‘t.It is our duty to make science and technology serve human beings better and better.In consequence, we are faced with a glorious task — to build a magnificent new civilization by means of advanced science and technology.Only then can we expect to make the development of science and technology a blessing rather than a curse.On Environmental Protection

Environmental protection is frequently talked about nowadays.The authorities are doing their best to arouse the public awareness of the vital importance of the environmental protection;and the news media, now and then, expose behaviors, which damage the environment.This issue is, indeed, worth following up.Environmental protection is closely related not only to our personal life, but also to the entire human race and the world‘s further development.For one thing, the environment, in a narrow sense, determines the quality of our individual life.The air we breathe, the water we drink, the food we eat, etc., all come directly from the environment.If they continue to be contaminated, we may have neither clean water, nor healthy food.For another thing, in a broader sense, the environment plays a decisive role in the fate of mankind.As is known to all, the earth, up to now, is human being‘s sole dwelling place.We can expect that someday we will live on another planet, but I doubt that this day will come earlier than the day when the earth becomes a globe of waste, if we keep damaging the environment.Finally, the environment is essential to the further development of the world.Extensive industrialization, which has brought about all the convenience and facilities we enjoy today, has been depending on the comprehensive exploitation of the earth‘s natural resources found in the environment.If we do not protect the environment properly, further development cannot be guaranteed.In a word, to protect the environment is an urgent task.Nevertheless, environmental protection is indeed a demanding task.Many people are still, either unconscious of the urgency of the task or deliberately damaging the environment for the interests of their own.Hence, we should adopt severe punitive measures to prohibit people from doing more harms to the environment.Meanwhile, we need to make the gravity of the present situation known to all.In other words, punishment and instruction should be equally emphasized.Only in this way can we look forward to a cleaner and greener world.E-learning and E-training

With the rapid development of technology and people‘s demand for education mounting, so-called e-learning, or on-line long distance education, has become very popular and important in China.In some areas, e-learning has played a role traditional classroom education cannot accomplish.Approximately 90 per cent of the world‘s new information is stored and retrieved in English.It is vital for China to use the Olympics as a catalyst to boost English acquisition to prepare itself or the digital revolution.To prepare for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, at least 6 million Chinese, including staff for the organizing committee, and in the service, retail, police, volunteer, technical and medical support sectors, reportedly need to improve their English language skills.E-learning breaks down the barriers of time and location, integrating education resources.When compared with traditional ways of teaching and learning, it is far more cost-effective for both the teachers and the students.Teacher-centered or Student-centered Class Today in China there exists side by side two different teaching patterns: A teacher-oriented class and a student-oriented class.And the differences between them are obvious.A teacher-oriented class is a typical traditional passive class.No doubt it is a natural product of the deep-rooted examination-oriented education.And there are several characteristics in this kind of class.To begin with, a teacher is the main actor on the stage and all the students are passive audience.Besides, he imparts knowledge to his students in the same way he pours water into a container, never bothering to ignite the sparks or enthusiasm in students.In contrast, a student-centered class is a kind of new active class, resulting from the quality-oriented education system.Naturally, it‘s a newcomer of the education reform.The main characteristic of this kind of class is that the teacher and students are all actors and all the students are actively involved in the classroom activities.Besides, the teacher always tries to instill a love of learning in students and stimulates their interest.As a result, students always find it a pleasure to sit in class, asking questions, discussing or even arguing with the teacher.It goes without saying that I prefer the active student-oriented class, not merely because it‘s fun, but because it can make my knowledge permanent.What‘s more important, it can develop my creative mind and learning ability.Exam-oriented or Quality-oriented At present there exists side by side two contradictory educational systems: the traditional exam-oriented system and the new quality-oriented one, which leads to a heated nationwide discussion as to which is preferable.The exam-oriented educational pattern is the inevitable result of the existing exam assessment system.In order to climb into the ?ivory tower‘ or work for their degrees, students are cramming data and facts only for exams and forget all the information right after the exams.What‘s worse, when students become interested in testing techniques, they gradually lose their freedom and creativity.As a result, they always bury themselves in multiple choices and never attach importance to practical ability and originality.In contrast, the quality-oriented educational pattern stresses the creativity of students and their all-round development.Students are not expected to memorize information mechanically and passively as computers.Instead, they are encouraged to do some creative work actively and independently as the programmers of computers.In this pattern, what students aim at is no longer their academic performances, but their practical abilities.No doubt, what the new quality-oriented pattern aims to train and bring up are not merely learners successful in studies, but responsible citizens fit in health, rich in knowledge and competent in their work.Therefore, it‘s high time we reformed our existing exam assessment system and adopted the new one.Be a Graduate Student or Not According to the reform of our educational system, postgraduates will have to pay tuition to colleges or universities.This brings a dilemma to many undergraduates – to be a postgraduate or to get employed.The main reason for the dilemma is that, on the one hand, they know their parents can‘t afford the tuition, and they don‘t like to see their parents take on further financial burden for them.During the four-year undergraduate study, their parents have already paid a lot of money for their education and living.Especially the students whose parents are farmers or laid-off workers are more worried about this.But on the other hand, they want to pursue study further, to learn more knowledge and skills in order to make greater contribution to the society in the future.In my opinion, they should get out of the difficult situation and go on with their study as postgraduates.As far as the tuition is concerned, they can always find some ways to fund it.They can do some part-time jobs in their spare time, or loan some money from their relatives or friends or simply banks.They can also try to obtain some scholarship by studying hard and doing well in their research work.So don‘t hesitate, study hard and try to become a graduate student.The future will be more promising.English Teaching in China Some people say that English teaching in China is a total failure.After ten years of English learning, most graduates can‘t properly communicate with foreigners, nor can they translate between languages with confidence, let alone write in English.As far as college English teaching is concerned, there are three main reasons that help bring about the problem.To begin with, College English teaching is, to a great extent, teacher-centered, turning a language class into a lecture on grammar.It is still very common that the teacher explains every language point in detail, with students taking notes all the time.Secondly, culture is neglected in English teaching.Some outdated materials and a great deal of grammar exercises in the book mislead students to pay too much attention to separate words and grammatical rules.Finally, test-oriented education, in a sense, leads astray(迷途的)language teaching in China.For example, the nationwide College English Test is so over-emphasized in some colleges that teacher teach just for the sake of test, and students learn nothing other than testing techniques.As a result, students‘ language competence is weakened though the passing rate has increased.Therefore, in my opinion, English teaching in China should be reformed.The education should be oriented towards all-round development of personal qualities.And language abilities should be given priority in language teaching and learning.We Need to Learn How to Learn Influenced by the new marketing system, students have quite different opinions about the objective of their study.Some of them hold that a diploma is certainly something they are in college for.They believe that the diploma will enlarge the opportunities in their job-hunting.So their college life is almost focused completely on book learning.Others tend to challenge themselves to learn more than a diploma requires.They believe that it is most important to widen personal interests and develop various abilities while at college.For this purpose, they have every reason to pride themselves on excellent academic achievements in subjects they teach themselves beyond their majors.As a college student, I firmly believe that college is a place where we learn how to learn.We should take best advantage of the chance to broadly – math, history, and various other sciences, not merely for a diploma.On the other hand, it is also quite necessary that we take a wide interest in computer, foreign languages or other practical disciplines rather than just confine ourselves to textbooks, so that we could become versatile candidates in the future job markets.Only in this way can we keep up with the times.(1)不同觀點列舉型（選擇型）

There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文題目_____.But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic

varies from person to person.A majority of people think that _ 觀點一________.In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude

as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____.So it goes without saying that ___觀點一_____.People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter.Some people hold the idea that ___觀點二_______.In their point of view, on the one hand，___原因一_______.On the other hand, ____原因二_____.Therefore, there is no

doubt that ___觀點二______.As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __觀點一

或二______.It is not only because ________, but also because _________.The more

_______, the more ________.（2）利弊型的議論文

Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)___作文題目______.In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __題目議題_____.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive

aspects as follows.Firstly, ___優點一______.And secondly ___優點二_____.Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __討論議題______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects.To

begin with, ___缺點一______.In addition, ____缺點二______.To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __討論議題____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same

time.In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____討論議題___.(3)答題性議論文

Currently, there is a widespread concern over(the issue that)__作文題目_______.It is really an important concern to every one of us.As a result, we

must spare no efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.As we know that there are many steps which can be taken to undo this

problem.First of all, __途徑一______.In addition, another way contributing to success of the solving

problem is ___途徑二_____.Above all, to solve the problem of ___作文題目______, we should find a number of various ways.But as far as I am

concerned, I would prefer to solve the problem in this way, that is to say，____方法_____.(4)諺語警句性議論文

It is well know to us that the proverb: “ ___諺語_______” has a profound significance and value not only in our job but also

in our study.It means ____諺語的含義_______.The saying can be illustrated through a series of examples as

follows.(also theoretically)

A case in point is ___例子一______.Therefore, it is goes without saying that it is of great of importance

to practice the proverb ____諺語_____.With the rapid development of science and technology in China, an

increasing number of people come to realize that it is also of practical use

to stick to the saying: ____諺語_____.The more we are aware of the significance of this famous saying，the more benefits we will get in our daily study and job.

第三篇：BFT考試(全國出國培訓備選人員外語水平考試)模擬2

BFT考試(全國出國培訓備選人員外語水平考試)模擬2

Listening Part 1 Questions 1-8 ·You will hear two telephone conversations.·Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1

Time for the man to arrive at the hotel:(1).Price of the room: $(2).Number of the unit: No.(3).On the(4)floor.CONVERSATION 2

For:(5)Blake.From:(6)Anderson.Tomorrow's(7)is cancelled.Helen's telephone number:(8).Part 2 Questions 9-13 ·You will hear a teaching instructor's words.·For questions 9-13, choose.from the list A-F the main ideas of the teaching instructor's words each time.·Use the letters only once.There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.Speaker 1: ______ 10.Speaker 2: ______ 11.Speaker 3: ______ 12.Speaker 4: ______ 13.Speaker 5: ______ A.final exam B.teaching problems in reading C.paying attention to one's teaching style D.canceling some classes E.stuff meeting F.students' attendance

Part 3 Questions 14-23·Look at the ten statements for this part.·You will hear a passage about “Who First Started to Smoke?”;you will listen to it twice，·Decide if you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM).14、People in Europe started smoking long ago.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

15、Tobacco is a native American plant, and it was Christopher Columbus who told European people about it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

16、The American Indians used long tubes to bake tobacco before they smoked it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

17、Aware of the commercial value of tobacco, the American lndians traded it for other goods.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

18、Jean Nicot's great interest in plants was due to his father's influence.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

19、When a man had a bad pain in his body, Nicot would give the person some tobacco leaves to eat, and then the pain would be gone.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

20、The word nicotine comes from the Frenchman Nicot's name.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

21、Nicot wrote a book on all his discoveries about tobacco.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

22、In Sir Walter Raleigh's days, not many people knew about smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

23、Sir Walter Raleigh's death was due to smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

Part 4 Questions 24-30·Look at the questions for this part.·You will hear a passage about “American Weighs In ”.You will listen to it twice.·For questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response.·Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.24、American foods are ______.A.insufficient and expensive B.many and various C.neither delicious nor healthful

25、What is the percentage of adults aged 20 to 74 who were obese in the 1960s? A.33 percent B.24 percent C.35 percent

26、How many US adults aged 20 and older were overweight in 1988-94? A.65 million B.16 million C.20 million

27、Compared to the late 1970s, the percent of children aged 12 to 17 who were overweight in 1994 ______.A.decreased B.remained unchanged C.increased

28、What kind of market is sure to benefit from overweight people? A.The market for health care B.The market for food C.The market for weight-loss diets

29、What is believed to be able to prevent and mitigate numerous chronic ailments? A.High blood pressure B.A reasonable body weight C.Smoking

30、Koop once launched an assault on ______.A.chronic ailments B.obesity C.smoking

ReadingPart 1

·Read thefollowingpassage, eight sentences have been removed from the article.·Choose from the sentences A-H the one whichfits each gap.·For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture.(1)Once people could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supple of it, their lives changed completely.Fanning was a revolutionary discovery.(2)With more food available, more people could be fed.Populations therefore increased.The growing number of people available for more kinds of work led to the development of more complex social structures.(3)Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply.For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall.(4)Later communities were able to develop by taking advantage of the rainy seasons.All of the ancient civilizations probably developed in much the same way, in spite of regional and climatic differences.(5)Heavier pottery replaced animal-skin gourds as containers for food and liquids.Cloth could be woven from wool and flax.Permanent structures made of wood, brick, and stone could be erected.The science of mathematics was an early outgrowth of agriculture.People studied the movements of the moon, the sun, and planets to calculate seasons.(6)With a calendar it was possible to calculate the arrival of each growing season.Measurement of land areas was necessary if property was to be a factor in farming and housekeeping.(7)All of the major ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China emerged in the 4th millennium BC.Historians still debate over which one emerged first.It may well have been the Middle East, in an area called the Fertile Crescent.This region stretches from the Nile River in Egypt northward along the coast of former Palestine, then eastward into Asia to include Mesopotamia.(8)This kind of larming depended on the reproduction of seed, normally from grain crops.A.It not only made settlements possible and ultimately the building of cities but it also made available a reliable food supply.B.Later came measures of value as commodity and money exchange became common.C.In this area people settled along the riverbanks and practiced field agriculture.D.After farming was developed in the Middle East in about 6500 BC, people living in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding their animals.E.As villages grew, the accumulation of more numerous and substantial goods became possible.F.With a food surplus, a community could support a variety of workers who were not farmers.G.The first great civilizations grow up along rivers.H.In doing so they created the first calendars.Part 2

Questions 9-18

·Read the following passage and answer questions 9-18.1.When Christopher Columbus landed on America's shores, he encountered copper-shinned people whom he promptly called “Indians”.Current estimates indicate that there were over a million Indians inhabiting North American then.There are approximately 800,000 Indians today, of whom about 250, 000 live on reservations.2.The early settlers had an amicable relationship with Indians, who shared their knowledge about hunting, fishing, and farming with their uninvited guests.The stereotyped stealthy, wicked Indian of western movies are created by different faithless white man;the Indian was born friendly.3.Disgust developed between the Indians and the settlers, whose encroachment on Indian lands provoked an era of turbulence.As early as 1745, Indian tribes joined together to drive the French off their land.The French and Indian war did not end until 1763.The Indian had succeeded in destroying most of the settlements.The British, superficially submissive to the Indiana, promised that further migrations west would not extend beyond a specified boundary.4.Vacated from their lands or, worse still, frankly giving their property to the whites for few baubles, Indians were ruthlessly pushed west.The battle in 1876 at Little Horn river in Montana, in which setting Bull and the Sioux tribes massacred General Custer's cavalry, caused the whites intensify their campaign against the Redman.The battle at Wound Knee, South Dakota, in 1890 put an end to the last vestige of hope for amity between Indians and whites.5.Although the Bureau of lndian affairs has operated since 1842, presumably for the purpose of guarding Indians “interests”, Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives.In recent times Indians have taken a militant stand and appealed to the courts and the American people to improve their substandard living conditions.Questions 9-13

·For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below.·For each numberedparagraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.9.Paragraph 1: ______ A.Indians, once the master of America, now live in their reservation.10.Paragraph 2: ______ B.Indians were pushed away.11.Paragraph 3: ______ C.The wars between Indian and the settlers.12.Paragraph 4: ______ D.Indians arestill fighting for the improvement of their lives.13.Paragraph 5: ______ E.The relationship between Indians and the early settlers.F.Indians were ferocious savages.G.Indian's struggle for their own possessions.Questions 14-18

·Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with a word or phrase from the list below.·For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.14.The early settlers in American ______.15.The passage suggests that the war between French and Indians lasted ______.16.The kind of life Indians lead in their reservation is ______.17.The two measures that Indians had taken to improve their lives are ______.18.From the passage, we can infer that the author ______.A.sympathizes the American Indians B.eighteen years C.found the Indians very helpful D.taking a militant stand and appealing to the courts E.notoriously deprived F.ask the Indians to leave their lands G.force the Indians to leave Part 3

Questions 19-25

·Read the following passage and answer questions 19-25.·For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C and D.·Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least UN is getting people off welfare, lt's estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.In the past four years, welfare in rolls in Athens country has been cut in half.But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour.The result: The Athens country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average.For advocates for the poor, that's an indication that much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center in budget and policy priorities in Washington.Canter analysis of US census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a great percentage of single, fame-headed household were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison.It was a toxin that was poisoning the family,” says Rector, a welfare reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities.It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important.Mr.Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.19、It can be seen from the passage that the author ______.A.is over-enthusiastic about the success of welfare reform B.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor C.believes the reform has reduced the government's burden D.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful

20、Why aren't people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A.Because their wages are low.B.Because many families are divorced.C.Because the cost of living is rising.D.Because government aid is now rare.21、What is worth noting form the example of Athens country is that ______.A.60 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare B.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years C.the living standards of most people are going down D.great efforts should be madeto improve people's living standards

22、From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ______.A.providing more jobs B.saving welfare funds C.rebuilding the work ethic D.cutting government expenses

23、According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, ______.A.the poor used to rely on government aid B.the poverty rate was lower C.the average worker was paid higher wages D.average living standards were higher

24、From the passage we can infer that before 1994 ______.A.most of the people depended on government B.most of the people took jobs C.we don't know as the passage didn't say D.most of the people live a richer life

25、About the welfare reform the author's attitude is ______.A.indifferent B.positive C.objective D.critical Part 4

Questions 26-45

·Read the following passage and decide which answer bestfits each space.·For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on the Answer Sheet.The “standard of living” of any country means the(26)person's share of the goods and services which the country produces.A country's standard of living, therefore depends(27)and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth” in this(28)is not money, for we do not live on money(29)on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as(30)and “entertainment”.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect(31)one another.Wealth depends(32)a great extent upon a country's natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a(33)soil and a favorable climate;other regions(34)none of them.Next to natural resources(35)the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from(36)and external wars, and for this and other reasons was incapable(37)her resources.Sound and(38)political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country(39)well served by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and(40)within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.For example, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much(41)if she had to depend only on those grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would(42)be lacking.A country's wealth is, therefore, much(43)by its manufacturing capacity,(44)that other countries can be found ready to(45)its manufactures.26、A.common B.average C.usual D.normal

27、A.first B.important C.main D.primary

28、A.way B.feeling C.sense D.occasion

29、A.except B.but C.neither D.besides

30、A.vehicles B.buses C.transport D.films

31、A.in B.about C.at D.on

32、A.upon B.33、A.festal B.fetid

34、A.pose B.possess C.posse D.posset

35、A.coming B.come

36、A.military B.international

37、A.to develop B.about developing

38、A.robust B.stable

39、A.less B.few

40、A.consumed B.assumed C.presumed D.resumed

41、A.little B.more

42、A.likely B.otherwise C.likewise D.alike

43、A.impressed B.effected C.influenced D.in C.fervent C.comes C.overseas C.of developing C.sturdy C.little C.less C.on D.to fertile D.come D.have civil D.for developing D.strong D.equally D.much D.infected

44、A.supposed B.given C.provided D.depended

45、A.receive B.accept C.sell D.produce

Writing46、Part 1

☆ You are to work with a U.S.company by a year.You have finally obtained your visa from the US Embassy in Beijing, and are ready to leave for Minneapolis, USA, where the company is headquartered.Read the following memo with information jotted down from your air-ticket: ☆ From Beijing to Minneapolis.☆ The American Northwest Airline.☆ NW745, Monday, November 27, 2002, Beijing time.☆ Arrive at 1:30 p.m.Nov.28, American time.·Write a letter-like email message(60-70 words)to Mr.Michael Jackson(E-mail address is CS3858@aol.com), Corporate Secretary of the company, asking for your pickup at the airport.47、Part 2 ·You are to make a speech at an international conference held next Friday at the Jinmao, Pudong, Shanghai.The conference chairman has just written to you requesting that you send a copy of your speech five work days ahead of the meeting.Write a cover letter to Ms.Jenny Evans, Secretary General of the sponsoring organization, in which you shall, in your own words, make it clear.“

☆ A copy of your speech is enclosed.☆ You need 150 printouts, and you'll pay when collecting them.☆ You want to be addressed by the title and position you have in the writer's section of this letter, and you hate to be called a ”reform master“.☆ You're available in your office till the end of one day before the speech day.☆ You will arrive on time for the conference.·Write a letter of 100-120 words to Ms.Jenny Evans

Oral Test48、Part 1: Self-introduction

·The interlocutor will ask you and your partner questions about yourselves.You may be asked about things like ”your hometown “, ”your interests “, ”your career plans ", etc.Part 2: Presentation ·The interlocutor gives you two photographs and asks you to talk about them for about one minute.The examiner then asks your partner a question about your photographs and your partner responds briefly.Then the interlocutor gives your partner two photographs.Your partner talks about these pictures for about one minute.This time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's photographs and you respond briefly.Part 3: Collaboration

·The interlocutor gives you and your partner a list of topics.Both of you need to choose one to discuss together.The interlocutor may join in the conversation and ask you questions, but you and your partner are expected to develop the conversation.Topic 1: Music in Modem Life Topic 2: Importance of Money Topic 3: An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family Topic 4: Taboos in China Topic 5: Differences between Life in a Big City and in the Country

答案:

Listening Part 1

1、evening [聽力原文] 1-4 W: Good evening.M: Hello.Do you have any vacant rooms at your hotel? W: I believe there may be one.Did you make a reservation in advance? M: No, we didn't.W: Well, we just received word that one reservation has been cancelled, so you arrived at a good time.M: I suppose so.By the way, how much is the room? W: It's $30 with TV and an extra bedroom.We have a pool in back.M: That's good.We need extra room for our two beds.W: If it is OK, let's step into our office to register.M: Do you want the payment in advance ? W: That's our policy.I'm sure you understand.M: Of course.What's the number of the unit ? W: No.61, on the second floor, over on the right.Here's the key.M: Thank you.I'll park the car over there first.Then I'll come right over to register.W: Certainly, sir.2、303、61

4、second

5、Linda [聽力原文] 5-8 R: Good morning.Jianguo Hotel.Can I help you? M: Good morning.Could you put me through to Linda Blake, please? R: Who's calling, please? M: Helen Anderson.R: Hold the line, please.I'm sorry, the number's engaged.Would you like to hold? M: No, could I leave a message? R: Yes, of course.M: Could you tell her that tomorrow's meeting is cancelled? R: Meeting is cancelled.OK.M: And could you ask her to give me a ring? R: Certainly.Does she have your number? M: It's 5326673.R: Fine.I'll make sure that she gets your message.6、Helen

7、meeting8、5326673 Part 2

9、D [聽力原文] Please remind your students that regular classes have been cancelled because of the mid-term exams.You can however meet with them on Friday;by that time the exams will be over.Afternoon classes were also cancelled because we're giving the Listening Exam during that part of the day.10、F [聽力原文] We would like to remind instructors that student attendance constitutes 10% of the final grade.Please keep informing your students also about this.Stress the fact that since they're language learners, it's important for them to come to class as frequently as possible.Otherwise we cannot be held responsible for any negative results of our teaching on them.Please take attendance every morning and don't hesitate to mark them absent in case they're still not in class by the time you've finished calling out their names.This way you don't waste time with the attendance ritual every morning.11、[聽力原文] I'd like to just remind you that you are welcome to drop bymy office and have a look at the final exams that have been prepared.The exams will be given the week of Jan.5-9 as earlier planned.We will inform the listening instructors next week whether their exams will be given in their individual classrooms or in other rooms.12、B [聽力原文] Apparently some of the reading teachers are not sufficiently explaining vocabulary and grammar matters to their students, and only read out the answers found in the answer keys of their textbooks.Students are obviously unhappy about this situation.My recommendation is that you attempt to make clear to the students how you are conducting your class, and what exactly it is that you're doing.Perhaps it would be helpful if you were to also frequently answer/discuss/explain the answers of the exercises you're specifically dealing with, and not just simply read the answer key to them.13、C [聽力原文] I would like you to take these complaints seriously.Some of them are obviously severe than others, but they all merit our attendance.Please attempt to modify or change your teaching styles and habits if you feel the complaints concern you.Do not hesitate to drop by my office in case you would like to have any further information about the above mentioned student statements of discontent.Part 3

14、B [聽力原文] 15-23

Who First Started to Smoke?

Long ago, no one in Europe smoked.The tobacco plant was unknown there.It grew in America and Christopher Columbus found it there.Later he returned to Europe and told people about tobacco.He said that the American Indians often smoked it.One way of smoking was like this.The American Indians threw some tobacco leaves on a fire.Then they put long tubes in their mouths.The other ends of the tubes were over the fire, so they were able to draw the smoke into their mouths.About the year 1560 a Frenchman, Jean Nicot, was living in Lisbon, Portugal.He was very interested in all American plants.Some of them were very different from the plants of Europe.He used the leaves of the tobacco plant to cure pain.When a man had a bad pain in a leg or an arm, Nicot put tobacco leaves on the painful place and tried to cure the pain in that way.We now say that tobacco contains nicotine.The word nicotine comes from this man's name.Sir Walter Raleigh was a famous man in the days of Queen Elizabeth theFirst.He traveled widely and learnt to smoke.Then he returned to England, but he didn't stop smoking.He used to smoke two pipes every day secretly in his room.When anyone came in, he quickly hid his pipe.A man came in and found clouds of smoke in his room.More smoke was coming from Raleigh's mouth, so the man got some water and threw it over Raleigh.He believed that Raleigh was burning, He ran out of the house and told everybody about it.After this, smoking was not a secret.Raleigh had a sad life and died in 1618.He died bravely and quietly.He smoked a pipe just before his death.15、A

16、B

17、C

18、C

19、B 20、A

21、C

22、A

23、C Part 4

24、B [聽力原文] 24－30

America Weighs In

Americans enjoy the most abundant and varied diet in the world.Food is cheap, plentiful, and tasty.All those readily available nutrients should make us a strong, healthy people.But for an increasing share of U.S.adults, life in the land of plenty is making them plenty fat.The percent of adults aged 20 to 74 who are obese based on their body mass index increased from 24 percent in the 1960s to 33 percent in 1988-9t.By 1994, the share of all adults aged 20 and older who are overweight climbed further, to 35 percent.Applying that rate to the adult population yields a total of 65 million U.S.adults aged 20 or older who were overweight in 1988-94.We don't get to blame the aging population, either.Overweight has become more prevalent among all age groups, not just the elderly.Children and adolescents are following the example of their elders.The share of children aged 6 to 11 who are overweight increased from 11 percent in the late 1970s to 14 percent in 1994.For children aged 12 to 17, the share doubled to 12 percent in 1994.Overweight people create markets for large-sized clothing and weight-loss products and services.But Americans seem to be losing interest in weight-loss diets.One market that is certain to benefit from this trend is health care.The National Center for Health Statistics(NCHS)says that overweight and obese adults are at increased risk for numerous acute and chronic conditions, ranging from high blood pressure to diabetes to arthritis．

Most doctors believe that a wide range of chronic ai lments can be prevented or mitigated by maintaining easonable body weight．Former Surgeon General C．Everett Koop recently said that if he had stayed in office longer,“1 would have launched the same assault On obesity that I did on smoking．”

25、B

26、A

27、C

28、A

29、B 30、C Reading

1、[解析] 文章第1句提出，使人類定居下來的決定性因素是農業。句D介紹了農業的產生時間以及它對人們生活的影響，為讀者提供了有關農業的更多信息，因此D為正確選項。

2、[解析] 第2段首句提到了耕種是一次革命性的發現。句A“它不僅使定居成為可能，最終形成城市，并且可以提供穩定的食物來源?！焙茱@然“它”指的是農業，這句話講述了農業的重大作用，是對第1句中革命性的解釋說明——為何耕種被稱為革命性的發現，因此A為正確選項。

3、[解析] 文章接著提到，隨著食物供應的增多，人口也開始增長，不斷增長的人口從事更多種類的工作，這就使得社會結構更復雜。句F提到，由于有盈余的食物，一個社會團體就可以供養不從事農業勞動的各種工人。出現不從事農業勞動的工人是社會結構復雜的具體體現，因此選F。

4、?-P????? F????!??????+??v? ???1??8?????W??u??T8?kd=??5?Dr??

5、[解析] 第4段開頭提出，“工區和氣候存在一些差異，所有的古代文明或許都以相同的方式發展”。后句又提到，“陶器代替了動物皮所制作的瓢，來盛裝食物和液體，羊毛制成衣服，用木料、磚頭造房子，這些都是人類古代文明的發展模式”，句E“隨著村子在擴大，積累了大量的物品”這也是古代文明的共同發展模式之一，隨著物品的增多，人們才需要制作容器去儲藏液體，這與第3句緊密相連，所以選E。

6、[解析] 第5段開頭提到了數學是在農業的基礎上發展起來的，人們研究月亮、太陽以及行星的運動來計算季節。計算季節是與年歷緊密相連的，因此“他們就這樣創造了第1部年歷”為正確選項，“in doing so”指前面人們研究月亮、太陽及行星運動的行為。

7、[解析] 為了分割財產，需要有丈量土地面積的辦法，在耕種和儲存時，需要有計算種子和谷物的方法。這都是農業對數學發展的促進作用。句B“隨著商品和錢幣交換的普及，出現了價值尺度”也是其中的一個方面，與前兩個方面是平行的關系，其作用是相同的，都指明了農業對數學發展的作用。

8、[解析] 文章最后一段的后半部分提到一個被稱為“Fertile Crescent”的地方及其所覆蓋的區域。句C中的“this area”就是指這一地區，與前句的“this region”相照應。

9、[解析] 本段講印第安人曾經是美洲的主人，現在卻在他們的保留地上，因此答案為A。

10、[解析] 本段講印第安人與早期的殖民者之間的關系，因此答案為E。

11、[解析] 本段講印第安人與殖民者之間的戰爭，因此符案為C。

12、[解析] 本段講印第安人被無情地從他們的土地上趕走，因此答案為B。

13、[解析] 本段講印第安人還在為提高他們的生活條件努力，因此答案為D。

14、C[解析] 本段中指出早期殖民者與印第安人相處和睦。他們與殖民者分享打獵、捕魚、種植等知識，所以在殖民者看來印第安人是很愿意幫助人的，因此答案為C。

15、B[解析] 本段第3句中指出印第安人和法國人的戰爭于1745年開始，一直持續到1763年還沒有結束，所以他們之間的戰爭持續了18年之久，因此答案為B。

16、E[解析] 信息參照最后一段：“Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives．”，答案為E。

17、D[解析] 本段最后一句指出，目前印第安人正在通過兩種方式改善他們的生活條件：“taken militant stand”和“appeal to the coups”，因此答案為D。

18、[解析] 從文章開始講述印第安人的友好到他們與殖民者的戰爭，以及最后對他們的悲慘生活，作者一直都持有同情的態度，因此答案為A。

19、D [解析] 本題是主旨題。通觀全文，可知作者要說明的是：社會福利改革使人們擺脫了對福利的依賴，過上了自立的生活，并改變了人們工作的道德觀念。這一切都印證了作者在本文開頭表明的觀點。由此可見，正確符案為D。20、A [解析] 本題是推理題。根據第2段第2句和第3句就不難推斷出，工作的人不能過上更好的日子的原因是他們工資太低。

21、D [解析] 本題是細節題。根據文章第3段：“For advocates for the poor，that’s an indication that much more needs to be done．”可知Athens country的貧因現象提示人們需要進一步努力以改善當地人們的生活水平。

22、C [解析] 本題是細節題。根據文章倒數第2段第2句可知此次社會福利改革的目標是改變人們工作的道德觀，以使更多的人自覺自愿地自食其力，故C為正確答案。

23、A [解析] 本題是推理題。文章最后一段中的“the habit of dependency is cracked”，以及第1段中的“at least UN getting people off welfare”等語句可知，在福利改革政策實施之前，窮人一般是靠政府資助生活的。

24、A [解析] 本題是推理題。可參見第1段最后1句“It’s estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.”

25、B [解析] 本題是理解題。通觀全文，不難看出作者對福利改革的態度是積極的。

26、B [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句意為：“一個國家的生活水平意味著該國人民______享受的產品和服務份額”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．common“普通的，共同的”；B．average“平均的”；C．ussual“通常的”；D．normal“正常的”。只有選項B．average符合題意。

27、A [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 詞組first and foremost意為“首要的”，本句表示“因而一個國家的生活標準主要取決于該國生產財富的能力”。又如：He does a bit of writing．but first and foremost he's a teacher.(他也寫一些文章，但他主要是個教師。)

28、C [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．(in this)way“在這一方面”；B．feeling“感覺”；C．sense“意義，感官”；D．occasion習慣上與介詞on相搭配(on this occasionl，意為“在這一場合”。該句意為“財富在這一意義上不是指貨幣”，選項C．sense既符合題意又符合語法要求。

29、B [解析] [考點] 固定結構

[分析] 固定結構not?but意為“不是??而是”。本句是解釋這里財富為什么不是指貨幣，即“我們并不以錢為生，而是靠錢能購買的產晶與服務生活”，因此選項B．but正確。30、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 根據本句中信息詞entertainment(娛樂節目，招待)，可以判斷選項C．transport“交通”正確，作者在此以二者為例，說明什么是setvice(服務)。選項A．vehicles“車輛”(交通工具中一種)；選項B．buses“公共汽車”(交通工具其中一種)；選項D．films“電影”(娛樂節目中一種)均因不符合邏輯要求而被排除。

31、D [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 固定詞組have an effecton意為“對??有影響”，因此選項D．on正確。

32、D [解析] [考點]習慣搭配

[分析] 固定詞組to?extent意為“達到??程度”。本句是指“財富在極大程度上依靠一個國家的自然資源”，因此選項D．to正確。又如：The film had quite an effect onher(這影片對她的影響很大。)

33、C [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．festal“節目的，歡樂的”；B．fervent“熱情的”；C．fertile“富饒的”；D．fetid“臭惡的”。該句是指“肥沃的土壤”，只有選項C．fertile符合題意。

34、B [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．pose“擺好姿勢，引起，提出”；B．possess“具有，持有”；C．posse“地方武裝團隊”；D．posset“牛奶酒”。該句是指“其他地區不具備其中的任何一項”，只有選項B．possess符合題意。

35、B [解析] [考點] 倒裝

[分析] 本句因狀語提前而主謂倒裝，主語是ability(能力)，因此選項B．comes正確，該句繼上文講述影響生產水平的因素，即“繼自然資源的多寡之后就是利用他們的能力”。

36、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句4個選項中只有選項C．civil“國內的”與external“外部的”搭配符合邏輯，因此該選項正確。其他3個選項意思分別是：A．military“軍事的”；B．overseas“海外的”；D．international“國際的”，均不符合邏輯要求而被排除。

37、B [解析] [考點]習慣搭配 [分析] 詞組be capable of(doing)sth．意為“能夠做??”，因此選項B．of developing正確，本句意為“由于某種原因，中國不能開發自己的資源”。又如：He is capable of running a mile in four minutes．(他能用4分鐘跑完1英里。)

38、D [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句4個選項的意思分別是：A．robust“健康，有活力的”；B．sturdy“健康的，牢固的”；C．strong“強壯的，有力的”；D．stable“穩定的”。該句指的是“可靠穩定的政治局勢”，只有選項D．stable符合題意。

39、C [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 通過上下文可推斷本句指的是“比其他有同樣優越的自然條件而政局穩定性籌些的國家，要創造更大的財富”，因此選項C．equally“同樣地，平等地”符合邏輯要求。40、A [解析] [考點] 形近詞辨析

[分析] 本句意為“一個國家的生活水平不僅僅取決于其國內生產和______的財富，也取決于通過對外貿易間接產生的財寓”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．consumed“消費”；B．assumed“假設”；C．presumed“假設，冒昧做”；D．resumed“開始做，重新得到”。只有選項A．consumed符合題意。

41、B [解析] [考點] 固定結構，上下文推理

[分析] 固定結構“much+adj．/adv．比較級”，表示“??得多”，因此選項A．little、C．much可以被排除。根據上下文可判斷句意為“如果英國只依賴本國的食物及農產品的話，它這方面帶來的財富將會少得多”，選項B．less既符合語法要求又符合邏輯要求。

42、B [解析] [考點] 邏輯關系

[分析] 本句意為“國際貿易使英國能夠用其富余的產品換來否則會匱乏的農產品”，選項B．otherwise“否則，要不然”符合邏輯要求。選項A．likely“可能”；C．likewise“同樣地”；D．alike“相同的”均不符合邏輯要求，故排除。

43、C [解析] [考點] 詞義辨析

[分析] 本句意為“因而一個國家的財寓受到該國生產力的很大______”。4個選項的意思分別是：A．impressed“給予深刻的印象”；B．effected“產生??的影響，導致了??”，如：The storm effected a flood in this area．(這場暴雨給這個地區造成了洪水。)；C．influenced“影響，對??起作用，左右，支配”，如：It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso．(她的畫顯然受到Picasso的影響。)：D．infected“感染，傳染”。只有選項C．influenced符合題意。

44、C [解析] [考點] 邏輯關系

[分析] 本句意為“一個國家的財富在很大程度上受其生產能力的影響______能有其他國家愿意??其產品”，該處缺少連詞，因此只有選項C．provided“只要，假如”是正確答案。又如：I will agree to go provided(that)my expenses are paid．(假如為我擔負費用，我就同意去。)

45、B [解析] [考點] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句承接上一句，充當該句的條件從句。根據上下文可以推出，B．accept“接受”符合邏輯要求，代入句中該句意為“只要能有其他國家愿意接受其產品”。

Writing46、47、Oral Test48、Topic 3：An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family

—Do you know now there are mainly two types of families around US? —Yes．They are extended families and nuclear families．

—What do they mean respectively? —Well...Extended family refers to those with not only parents and children，but also grandparents or even other relatives living together．Nuclear family refers to those with only parents and children，and sometimes only husband and wife．

—Ah?That sounds interesting．I know nowadays there’re not so many extended families as before since most young people are living in a city other than their original hometown where their parents are living．

—That’s true．In this way young couples will have more time and space for their own movement and could arrange time based on their own living schedules．

—But don’t you think there will also be some problems for both young couples and their aged parents? —Maybe there’re some problems，but a nuclear family is still a better choice for modern families I think．

—I don’t think SO．Maybe I’m a little traditional．but it will do good to both aged parents and working couples to live together，especially for those with children．You know, parents could help with most of the heavy and time—consuming housework．Since the aged have almost completely retired and have enough time for this, housework will not become a burden for them.At the same time, adequate house chores could be a good form of exercise for old people.And young couples could have more relaxing time.—If housework could become good exercises for the aged, so could it for young people.Nowadays young couples mostly don't have enough room available for their parents.And they live with the parents, and they must take some extra care for their parents every day, which will destroy the advantages of living together.—But don't you think that care and communication would build up the affections between the two generations or three generations? —Not at all.I think just the contrary: it will destroy the relationships among them.I have heard much about the conflicts between two generations if they live together, especially between the two mother-in-laws.And those conflicts sometimes spread to the relationship between grandchildren and their grandparents.—That will not necessarily become a result of extended family.If both generations could develop healthy attitudes towards their relationships, without being influenced by current conflicting situations, they could get along quite well with each other after all.—Extended family is not the best or better way to get along well with another generation.Adult children could show their care for parents in other ways too.For example, by visiting them more often, by offering financial support to them and so on.—But that will not solve the problem at all.You know sometimes what aged parents want is far more than just money or visits from their children;they also need to feel their children around and communicate with grandchildren, which will be their greatest joy.—That's the traditional idea.Today's senior people have their new ways to enjoy life, going to training classes, doing volunteer works, joining in various associations...Topic 5: Differences Between Life in a Big City and in the Country

—More and more people are pouring in the city for the sake of more opportunities or more money.That's not a good thing actually.—Why do you say so? —Because we all know that life in the city is not so healthy at all.If I have the chance to live in the country, I will be quite glad to.—So you are tired of living in the city where you could enjoy all the conveniences at hand? —Probably.Living in the city might have some advantages over country life, but country life also has edges which city life could never even dream of, not to mention catching up with it.—I often hear people say that in some countries an increasing number of people are buying houses in the suburbs and drive to work every day, just to enjoy the fresh air, spacious room and quiet surroundings or even songs from birds.—These people are really wise, I think.But they must have a car first.Compared with life in the city, country life is more healthful.—But city life has something so attractive that you could hardly make the decision to leave it, for example, the eye-catching skyscrapers, many places for entertainment.—All those advantages are not a problem at all if people have determined to get rid of the disadvantages that have much stronger effect on them.—Are you saying that people could easily be rid of so many conveniences that they have been enjoying for so long and hoping to enjoy for a lifetime? Some people even have never imagined life without them!—I don't mean that's easy.The fact is those advantages are no more than people's addiction.Just like smoking, if we could live without them for quite some time, we will get used to the new life-style and enjoy it more without distractions from the outside world.—That's interesting.But I still doubt how many people are willing to sacrifice a modern lifestyle for one in the countryside.Anyway it is difficult for me.—Well, it's up to you and up to other people's own choice too.There will be those who are quite willing to change their habits just for a higher quality of life.

第四篇：出國培訓學習總結（定稿）

出國培訓學習總結范文

> 范文一

一學期的生活匆匆結束。離別時，是期盼;離別時，是不舍;離別時，亦滿載收獲和回憶。踏上回國的飛機，心中陣陣激動。因為不久我就要回到祖國的懷抱，見到我思念的家人和朋友。腦海中回想著發生的一切，好似一場夢。心中充滿感激，感謝首師大給了我這次寶貴的機會，為我的青春增加了一種絢麗的顏色。感謝我的家人和朋友，給予我無限的支持和鼓勵。一次遠行，讓我對生命的體會更加深刻。收獲的是友誼，是學習，更是人生的境界。

初到美國，在機場，只身前往的自己不得不說有幾分恐懼。對環境，更是對語言。雖順利通過了出國英語考試，但實戰起來才發現自己的武器已太落后。聽不懂，說不出口的尷尬，心中陣陣挫敗感。我知道，一切才剛剛開始。果不其然，到學校，辦理各種手續，雖說在老師和同學的幫助下順利完成，但心中滿是落寞。尤其是進入到正常的學校生活時。因為我發現，大家雖說都是國際交流生，但歐洲國家的學生基本不存在語言問題。所以他們能夠很快的融入群體，交到朋友，同出游。而這一切于我而言，是一道需要時間和巨大勇氣才能跨過的坎兒。所以，初期，自己生活很是孤寂，還有學習上的巨大壓力。到了課堂，開啟了不提前看書，安全聽不懂的模式。課堂上，大家笑，我也便隨節奏揚起嘴角。生活和學習上的挫敗感讓我倍加思念祖國，思念家人和朋友。那時，自己也深深體味到何謂濃濃鄉愁。

入學兩個星期后，我見到了我的host family。他們對我十分愛護。靜靜的傾聽我心中的苦悶，給我建議和鼓勵。她們告訴我，美國人善訴說，但中國人有著更好的品質，便是聆聽。我們更懂得給他人空間和時間。關于交朋友，自己要學會主動，因為只有你主動，才能建立起話題，交到朋友。美國人雖然很包容很友好，但他們不會主動去照顧他人。當我再次回到靜謐祥和的校園，想起自己為了今天的種種努力，想到自己的優秀，心中豁然開朗起來。我不該的，不該在今天辜負曾經那么努力的自己;我不該的，不該在擁有了機會的今天而錯失機會;我不該的，不該丟失做為一名中國人的驕傲和自信。從那一刻起，自己決定勇敢起來，自信起來。以自己的努力和人格魅力在這里找到自己的小天地。

我開始勇敢的張開自己的嘴，觀察別人怎么打招呼，怎么聊天。把每天學到的日常詞匯和交際用語記到一個本子上。我開始經常出現在活動室，雖然自己經常插不上話，但我知道每天我都在努力，努力提高自己。我積極參加大家組織的活動，我知道每一次活動都為我語言的進步提供了寶貴的機會。寫到這里，腦海中浮現出了Wrightsville beach美麗的畫面。腳底的細沙，無邊無際的大海，碧藍的天空，淺處清澈的海水，遠望時的天藍之色。那么美，美到讓人對生命再無他求。瞬間也便懂得，為什么Nicholas Sparks 筆下能生出那么執著單純美好的愛情故事。來到這里，更加明白了世界之大，大自然之美。也許，只有往外走走，看看，才能真正拓寬生命的額度。每一天，在自己的努力下，都會進步一些，收獲一些。收獲笑臉，收獲知識，收獲一份份小美好 還記得朋友們一張張笑臉。記得感恩節時，感恩的人，好吃的美食。還記得課堂上大家的積極發言，勇敢而自信的面容，輕松的課堂環境。還記得清新美麗的校園，安靜祥和的圖書館。一張張面容，一份份美好，推動著青春夢想的前行?；氐阶鎳?，學到的是感恩，是熱愛，是珍惜。離別時，她的一句話，也許真實的道出了我的進步。她告訴我我的英語比剛來時好了很多，她現在特別喜歡和我聊天。感謝她的肯定，我只知道我一直在努力。

感謝首師大給我的這次寶貴機會，讓我學到很多，進步很多。我會一直努力的，因為前方會更加美好。

范文二

由于旅游管理專業被選為中央財政支持高等職業學校提升專業服務產業發展能力項目。為了提升教師專業服務產業發展能力的要求，使酒店管理的教育水平盡快與國際先進水平接軌，同時為了提高我專業雙語教學能力，借鑒發達國家先進的教學模式、教學方法，由管理系組織利用春季時間(XX年5月7日至6月9日)，赴瑞士htmi國際酒店旅游管理學院進行了酒店管理及雙語教學的培訓學習。

1.瑞士htmi簡介

瑞士htmi國際酒店旅游管理學院位于瑞士盧塞恩州著名的風景勝地松伯格。這里風光旖旎，景致迷人。夏季平均氣溫25 ℃，冬季氣溫零下10 ℃，擁有聞名于世的阿爾卑斯滑雪勝地。

學院坐落于兩座具有傳統風格的酒店內。學生在設施完善的酒店環境中學習、生活及培訓，耳濡目染酒店的實際運作過程，理論與實踐并重，使教學更活潑生動，學生更能學以致用。海外的學習、生活及實踐使學生能領略到不同的文化，開闊更廣的視野，亦變得更加獨立與自信。

每年，有來自世界各地超過40個國家的學生，就讀于學院的酒店管理本科及碩士mba專業。近20年來學校培養出來的酒店高級管理人才，已遍布全世界的各大酒店、娛樂場所、運動場館以及主題公園等更多的地方，成為娛樂業不可或缺的管理骨干和業務精英。

學院通過英國權威認證機構—英國國家教育認證委員會(bac)的認證，學院頒發的文憑和證書國際認可。學院還獲得瑞士政府官方eduqua質量認證。同時每年都會接受來自英國發放文憑的兩所大學(阿爾斯特大學，愛丁堡龍比亞大學)的教學審核和質量監控。

該校的教育理念是：優學優教。htmi 注重高質量的教育教學水平，并使之與以學生為中心的校園文化相融合，從而完成我們的使命―“來的是學生，走的是經理”。為了達到教學的目標，課程自始至終嚴格遵守“學有所長”教學方法。最終，我們希望所有的學生能將理論與實踐相結合，以實現個人成長，達到全球國際酒店旅行行業對高層管理人才的要求。

2.英語提高的情況

此次培訓的主要收獲是英語水平的提高。首先是聽力有了長足的進步。無論聽課、回答問題、討論問題還是生活中問路、閑聊、購物處處離不開英語。讀的能力得到高強度的鍛煉。在課堂上快速瀏覽老師的課件，及快速閱讀老師分發的閱讀材料，生活中各種免費報刊雜志隨手可及，以及路標、廣 告牌等等一切，都需要快速的閱讀能力，對國外有人的英語表達方式有了更加深入的認識。此次瑞士之旅，英語綜合能力得到顯著的提高，達到了預期的目的。

3.htmi課堂教學特點

htmi具有適應人才市場需求的靈活的教學模式和辦學體制、鮮明的教育方法和理念。其中，教學“以人為本，形式靈活”的特點，與國內的灌輸型、學生被動地接受知識的教學模式形成巨大差異。其教學方法有：

互動式。學生在課堂上的自主學習討論和做小型報告的時間占有較大的比例，而教師的任務主要是引導(告訴該學什么)、鼓勵學生，教師除了傳授教學內容以外，很大的精力和工作在于對教學內容的組織和教學方法的運用。

提問。在課堂上，無論發言人是教師還是學生，都會經常性地發問。有些問題是啟發思考式，有些問題為隨時檢驗教學效果，而教師極少針對具體問題給出“標準答案”，他們鼓勵學生用批判的眼光去看待他人的理論，倡導學生自由發揮，鼓勵學生展現個性，對同一問題教師鼓勵學生給出不同的答案。

分組討論和報告。集體討論和做專題報告在htmi課堂上十分常見。每次課上都給學生充分的機會和時間來進行個人見解和主張的及時發表和討論，每次的分組討論都是在教師有組織地管理和控制下完成的，一般控制在5分鐘內，這種集思廣益使得每個小組的成員都能積極參與并認真地聽取其他小組觀點。這不僅有助于培養學生的團隊協作意識，調動學生的積極性，同時讓學生獲取了教師自身以外的知識和信息。

4.htmi學制及全新的教學理念

該學院提供從證書、文憑、學士一直到碩士的課程。在課程設置、師資選擇、教材編寫和學生管理上都十分重視實踐這一原則。無論是學制兩年至四年的學位學習，還是短期培訓，學院都會精心安排課程和任課教師。就讀于該院的學生畢業時可以拿到瑞士、英國二個不同國家的文憑與學位。另外，學生半年在校內理論課學習，半年在酒店進行帶薪實習的學制，學校會積極為學生聯系世界各地的知名酒店實習，除了瑞士還參與英國、西班牙和意大利等國家的酒店實習，將理論知識與實際經驗相結合，同時也會協助畢業生尋找各種就業機會。理論與實踐相結合的教學模式為該學院的一大特色。因此，學院十分重視學生的專業背景和素質的提高。學院為學生提供校內實踐的機會，學生參與到餐廳、客房和娛樂設施的服務之中，做中學學中做渾然一體。meals, laundry, café and entertainment services全部由學生完成。通過實習期，學生不僅能夠掌握酒店運作及管理的精髓，更可增強人際交往能力及外語能力，為日后就業打下扎實基礎

縱觀專業課程設置，我校專業更注重基礎知識的培養，畢業后適應工作較慢;而htmi注重應用知識的學習，畢業后能立即參與到企業的實際工作中，做到無縫對接。

5.教學上學到什么?

htmi的教學模式給了我很多啟示。它的教學理念、教學內容、教學方法對我的教學的提高都很有幫助。原來的課程主要以教師的課堂講授為主，學生靠自覺的課下學習為輔。今后的教學課時不變，但教學方式可以變為：

教學方法：互動式+小組討論+報告/展示

范例式教學方法。在課堂上講解精選的知識。以聽、說、讀、寫、譯為訓練目標的酒店英語課，本質上就是實踐課。我們的教學原則是：“精講多練”、“聽說領先”，要求教師引導學生在課堂上積極參與聽、說、讀、寫、譯的實踐，酒店英語項目化訓練等。此方法經過以下幾個環節：教師精選知識→教師課堂講授→學生理解→教師歸納→學生語言訓練。

模擬實踐教學法。帶領學生在課堂內、客房酒吧實訓室以及課外進行酒店英語口語實踐模擬訓練。

學導式教學方法。根據“酒店英語”中的不同章節，在熟練掌握課本知識的基礎上，設置英語場景，然后要求學生結合課本知識自編英語對話。

6.結論

總之，通過一個月的培訓和學習，本人全面的增強了英語能力，了解了不同的教學理念和方法，使得我的雙語教學能力顯著提高。

第五篇：教師出國培訓學習情況匯報

在校領導的安排下，我有幸參加了江蘇省教育廳組織的為期二十八的計算機專業出國培訓。我所到的國家是加拿大。下面我把本人在加拿大期間所見到和聽到的關于加拿大的多元文化和學到的教育教學方法、理念等在這兒向大家作一個簡單的匯報。

一、加拿大培訓期間的時間安排

我們培訓的地點設在加拿大多倫多郊區的蘇安學院內。（蘇安學院是江蘇省教育廳2006年花四個億買下的，設立在加拿大，專門用來進行境外培訓的機構。蘇代表江蘇，安代表安大略省。）在蘇安學院內，每周一到周五全天有課，上午分一、二兩節，從八點上到十一點。第一節是Linda Beck老師給我們上的教育教學方法；第二節是由Ｒarendra老師給我們上的計算機專業課程。下午一般是完成兩位老師給我們布置的小組作業，偶爾也穿插有關的加拿大多元文化的講座等，還帶我們參觀了加拿大有名的職業學院叫Centennial百年學院的四個校區。晚上有蘇安中心給我們提供的卡拉ＯＫ、乒乓球、臺球和健身房等設施，學員可以根據自己的個人喜好選擇相應的娛樂活動，以豐富一個月辛苦而單調的培訓生活。周末，可以用蘇安中心為我們提供的Daypass去親身體驗加拿大的多元文化。

二、加拿大的教育教學理念

為我們上教育教學方法的Linda Beck老師，通過一個月對我們的培訓，讓我們了解和感受到加拿大的教育側重于教師滲透，以教師為輔導的教學理念和以學生自主學習為主體的學習方法，著重培養學生小組合作學習的合作精神。再加上講座和參觀，我們進一步了解到加拿大的學生從幼兒園到大學畢業從來不會在班級被老師公開公布成績單，學生和家長要想知道自己的成績單，必須通過網上查詢進行，但不會知道別人的成績，老師也從來不會在班級上公開責罵某個學生，評價某個學生為好學生、某個學生為壞學生。學習面前人人平等，否則他將受到學生或家長的起訴，一輩子離開教育崗位。

加拿大教育側重團隊合作，每天下午必須有小組合作的作業完成，而且要有每個人合作完成留下的痕跡。比如培訓的第一天，一上課Linda Beck老師就我們留下作業：把我們分成四個小組，每個小組六至七人，完成一幅組徽微標，要有個靚麗的小組名稱，要有含義，而且要跟小組中每個人都有關。其次，在我們參觀的過程中也可以看出。在我們參觀Centennial學院其中一個校區的圖書館時發現，這個圖書館里不僅設有很多個小包間，是專門用來讓看書的學生討論完成作業用；而且還設有專門的疑問輔導室，里面有專門的輔導員，這些輔導員都是學校經過考試挑選出來的優秀學生，學校給他們發放一定的工資。

在Centennial的四個學院里的學生的年齡層次也各不相同，他們當中有十幾歲的未成人，也有幾十歲并且已經參加過工作的大學畢業生或其它成年人。為了適應工作崗位的需要在這兒選擇適合自己的專業。學習的時間也是根據自己的實際情況選擇，有學歷教育，也有非學歷教育。每個學院都只有幾個專業，但每個專業的體系結構卻非常完整。就計算機專業來說，它主要分兩塊，一塊是硬件，一塊是軟件。學員從硬件開始，從了解到領悟，設立的計算機實驗室有組裝原理實驗室、主板線路實驗室、單片機實驗室、顯示器實驗室、組裝實驗室、調試實驗室；軟件部分，首先是操作系統實驗室，辦公軟件實驗室、網絡軟件實驗室、專用軟件實驗室等，一共幾十個實驗室。他們的動漫專業是在另外一個校區按動漫的流程作為獨立專業而存在，專門列出各個實驗室。我們參觀過的還有多媒體、機械、汽修、數控、模具、飛機制造等等，舉不勝舉。每個實驗室都配有先進齊全的設備。

在專業老師Rarendra（我們習慣用中文喊他“老人家”）老師的課上，我們學習了對Linux操作系統的試用，網絡黑客的攻擊方法等。我印象特別深，他把網絡安全與黑客比作警察與小偷，假如我們是小偷怎樣逃離警察的視線。學員們作了很多假設和想象。他還為我們專門建了一個網站，讓我們把各自的照片和簡歷分別用中英文傳上去。他的課生動有趣，也很親切，大家都很喜歡他。

三、加拿大的多元文化

加拿大是一個人種混雜，地里面積位居世界第二，但卻只有三千多萬人口的一個國家。加拿大是民主與寬容的國度。雖然世界各國人種都有，但還都保持著原來國家的風俗。比如印度的女人，她們喜歡用長布裹滿全身，只留手和兩只眼睛。這也是加拿大文化多元化的原因。加拿大的語種分英語和法語兩種，其中魁北克省講法語，相當于我們的藏族。他們也鬧獨立，甚至比我們的藏獨還要厲害?？笨巳藳]有工作或是移居魁北克的他國人群不用擔心生存問題。為了推廣法語，他們不惜花大力氣，凡是到他們學校學習法語的，每人每月發給500加元，以作鼓勵。

為了保全國家安全，加拿大政府將首都由蒙特利爾（Metrel）(也就是1976年奧運會的舉辦城市)遷到了渥太華，蒙特利爾也因為舉辦奧運會，經濟一路滑坡，直到2006年才還清債務。

加拿大的教育主管部門由教育部完成，他們不設立教育廳。國家的職權分屬聯辦政府和省政府管轄，每塊都不得迂越職權范圍，互不干涉。教育屬聯辦政府管轄。學校的教育也同樣如此，學校管理和系管理的職權是分開的。

以上這些是我在加拿大培訓期間所看到和聽到的，培訓雖然即將結束，但一切情景會永久地留在我的記憶中，我渴望有再一次的學習機會！