第一篇：英語演講及辯論教學大綱與計劃3

《英語演講及辯論》課程大綱和要求

總學時：

學時，周學時2，共上16周。教材：

社會熱點問題

參考教材：名人演講---響徹世界的聲音 任課教師：辛柯教授

教學目標：本課程是為英語專業高年級學生開設的，其目的是培養高年紀學生較強的英語講演和辯論能力、較高層次的聽力、寫作能力、思辨能力和多層次分析問題的能力，并擴大知識面和詞匯量。

教學要求：

1、學生通過聽大量英語名人演講磁帶和閱讀有關英語演講材料，掌握演講文體的篇章特點，韻律節奏等。

2、學生根據教師所給定的主題(主要是社會熱點問題)，寫出自己的講稿（500~800詞），在課后能熟練背誦，在班上演講（5~7分鐘），并回答教師與同學圍繞該主題所提的問題。

3、要求學生就相關主題寫講稿之前，大量閱讀國內外英文報紙或雜志、或聽英文廣播，或在互聯網上搜尋資料；對有些觀點不能人云亦云，要從各個層面分析問題，得出具有個人特點、令人信服的結論。

4、學生根據同一主題，分正反兩方寫出演講稿，由正反方兩方選出代表，進行辯論。由學生投票選出勝方。或者根據社會熱點問題舉行模擬記者招待會,有記者對主持人提問。

5、每學期每人要寫8~10篇演講稿。

6、要求學生課后反復聽課文所配錄音磁帶，并背誦部分段落。

考試要求：期末根據本學期所給定的8-10個主題，教師對每一位學生指定或由學生選定主題準備一篇講演稿或辯論稿。在演講之前，抓鬮決定每人的演講或辯論次序，由教師和三名學生擔當的評委打分。

成績：

參與課堂活動的表現占總分的30%，完成作業情況占20%，上課考勤占10%，期末考試成績占40%，其中筆試（根據所給主題寫的講演稿）占20%，面對面和老師/學生辯論或討論占20%。

序言

語言表達能力是一個人總體能力中非常重要的一部分，是一個人邏輯思維能力、理性分析能力、組織能力、決策能力、感召能力、個人魅力的總體表現。而語言表達中的幽默、哲理又是一個人智慧的體現。

在公眾面前發表演講是衡量一個人語言運用能力的重要標志。能用英語和他人就一個主題進行辯論是外語學習較高層次的要求；寫演講稿也是寫作的高層次要求，因為演講稿是一種特殊的文體，從用詞、修辭、句子結構到篇章結構都有嚴格的要求。從不同的方位和各個層次把問題分析得有條有理，給聽眾提供信服的證據和結論也是演講家必備的能之一。高等教育不僅要培養工程師、教師、科學家、醫生、各種管理人員，同時培養企業領導人、國家領導人以及雄辯的演講家和辯論家也是高等教育的目標之一.要培養良好的語言表達能力需要大量的語言操練和科學思維的訓練, 同時要加強背誦講稿的能力。里根總統在當演員是就練成了非凡的記憶力。演講時配合得當的手勢、恰如其分的面部表情，以及清晰的發音，準確的句子和詞的重音都是需要長期訓練的。

Basic requirements for Public Speech and Debate Speeches are not magic.A speech is a combination of information and opinion

written on paper and spoken.If you can have a thoughtful conversation, you can write and give a thoughtful speech.This is just one more reason why spoken English is so important.The following are the basic requirements for a public speech.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.The speech should focus on one topic so that the audience can easily get the gist.The speech that covers too many thoughts, opinions or ideas could only confuse the audience.No speech should last more than 20 minutes.The more important the message, the less time required to say it.The more you speak, the more boring the audient find it is.In other words, the shorter your speech is, the more easily it can be remembered!The Gettysburg Address given by President Lincoln lasted only about 3 minutes.Complicated sentence patterns should be avoided.And parallel structure may very often produce amazing effect.Choose your words carefully.It’s important to remember that your words must be hearable and comprehensible the first time they are spoken.A clear pronunciation is necessary since a lot of words sound alike and the speaker has to give a distinct pronunciation of every word, but sometimes he has to speak very slowly, sometimes very quickly with exciting rhythm.With the help of gesture, the speaker sometimes has to invite the audience for participation, resulting in an exciting atmosphere.Humor is vital.Every speech needs it, and you need it, too, probably at the top.Ronald Reagan always wanted a joke at the beginning of a speech because he needed the quick victory of laughter.It helped him relax.It also helped the audience relax.While debating with others, the most important is to collect convincing facts or data to support your point of view and come to a convincing conclusion.Debating is an art that needs techniques as well as intensive training.The rational analysis of the question concerned and a quick response are based on the participant’s wide range of knowledge.Don’t forget to say thanks.Say your thanks in the manner or with the tone.Offer a compliment or a warm word whenever you can.英語演講及辯論課程計劃

Teaching Plan

This semester we are to have 8 topics for public speech and debate and 4 press conferences.And each topic covers 4 hours;for the first 2 hours, students are divided into small groups(each consisting 4)and discuss the questions given on the topic.After class, they have to collect information on the topic through internet or by reading English newspapers.Then they have to write a speech of 800 to 1000 words.For the second 2 hours, students have to deliver their speeches, with each speech lasting for about 10 to 15 minutes.Then the speaker has to answer the questions raised by their peers and try to defend his/her view.The four press conferences are held in class but preparation is to be done after class, based on the topics given by the instructor or selected by students themselves.Each press conference needs 3 speakers, one standing for an expert in a specific academic field, another for government official, the other for organizer of the press conference.Each speaker has to deliver a short speech concerning the topic given and be ready to answer the questions raised by their peers.The preparation covers the collection of information from internet, reading newspapers, listening to the radios or discussion among students.Week 1 to 2: Topics: Urbanization in China（A constant migrant army of farmers from rural areas into urban areas, advantages and disadvantages 從鄉村大量流入大城市的農民工給社會發展都帶來了那些好處和弊端？）Questions to be discussed: 1.What are the advantages of a constant flow of farmers from countryside into cities? What are the major contributions that the migrating farmers have made in your view? 2.What are the disadvantages caused by the migrating farmers? Which one do you think that has the biggest potential danger? 3.What can government at different levels do when so many farmers can not get their regular pay? 4.Why do so many city people look down them while they benefit a lot from these migrating farmers? 5.Why is it inevitable to stop this constant flow of farmers

during the process of our urbanization and modernization? 6.What are the main features of Chinese urbanization?

Week 3 to 4：Topics：Marriage and divorce(The rising divorce rates, the development of man’s civilization or the decline of man’s moral standard 中國目前持高不下的離婚率是人類文明的進步還是人們道德水準的下降？）

Question to be discussed:

1.What are the main factors that caused divorce in China now? Which one do you think is more important than others? 2.Why does our society become so tolerate to the third partner in the marriage in China now? 3.Why does cohabitation(同居)becomes so popular in China now? 4.Why do students from single parent family tend to have mental problems? What help can we offer? 5.Why does economic booming in China triggers rising divorce while in Western society economic depression results in divorce booming?（for reference）

6.Who are hurt most in the divorce? The parents of those who are involved? Or the wife? Or the children? Why?

7.Why do governments at different levels adapt many policies to protect children’ benefits when their parents divorce? Why do children whose parents are not illegally married share the same benefits as other children when 4

their parents parted?

Marriage is, of course based on love but that does not necessarily mean that when love has gone the marriage is over.Marriage needs nourishing.It needs mutual trust, loyalty, understanding, consideration, patience, devotion as well as sacrifice.Week 5 to 6: Topic: Smoking, an enjoyment or slow suicide(抽煙是一種享受還是一種慢性自殺？)Questions to be discussed: 1． Why does the number of smokers, especially teenagers, keep rising dramatically in China while it drops down sharply in developed countries? 2． Why does governments warn people of the danger of smoking while encourage farmers to grow more tobaccos and manufacturers to produce more cigarettes? 3． Why do so many medical doctors keep smoking even if they know many of their patients die of smoking related diseases? 4． Why do so many college students keep smoking even if they don’t

have any income? 5． If one of your family members smokes what hazards can it bring to the family? What can you do to help him/her quit smoking? 6． Why does governments at different levels ban smoking in public places? What effective measures can be taken to do it?

7． Why is difficult to detect smoking related diseases, such as lung cancers?

8． If your spouse is a heavy smoker, what can you do help him/her? And if all that fails, what can you do?

Week 7 To 8: Topics: Develop public transportation or private cars（在中國目前經濟條件下，發展公交好還是發展私人小汽車好？）

1.What benefits can we get when we try to develop car industry? 2.What problems are caused by the development of car industry? 3.Why do many people insist that we should develop public transportation first? 4.Is it reasonable for many young couples to save money to buy private cars even if the price of gasoline keeps rising? Why? 5.What is the possibility of replacing gasoline by other forms of clean energy? 6.Why does government set very strict penalty for drunk driving? 7.What does the term “car culture mean”? What is difference between American and Chinese Car Culture?

Week 9 to 10: Economic development and environment protection(經濟發展與環境保護是否相互矛盾？)Questions to be discussed? 1.Is it contradictory to develop our economy and improve our living standard while focusing on the protection of our environment? Why? 2.What facts cause the global warming? What bad effects can we predict? 3.What does the policy of sustainable economic development really mean? 4.What can we learn from the developed countries when they seriously polluted their environment during industrial revolution? 5.How can we establish a friendly relationship between man and its environment?

Week 11 to 12: Pet Animals, Benefits and Problems(寵物給社會帶來的好處多余弊端，還是問題多余好處

1.Can you list the main reasons why so many people raise pet animals at home? Do you think that our society is so affluent that we can afford what pet animals need? 2.What benefits do pet animals bring in? What kinds of people are likely

to raise pet animals? What kind of pet animals do they raise? 3.What problems do pet animals cause? How do we handle these problems? What is the correct attitude towards pet animals and their owners in our society? 4.It is reasonable for college students to raise pet animals at dorm? If yes, why? If no, why? What does school discipline say about it? 5.Rabies(hydrophobia 狂犬病)is a deadly disease spread by pet animals, but why do so many people risk their life to keep pet animals? What diseases do man and animals share?

6．Why does pet animals’ dropping become one of the biggest concerns for every big city across the world? What are your suggestions for it? Week 13 to 14: Topic: Facing a shrinking job market, what can we（job

hunters）do？(大學畢業生如何面對緊縮的人才市場？)Questions to be discussed:

1.Why do so many people blame the development of hi-tech for shrinking job markets? Do you think that is reasonable? 2.Do you think there is a striking gap between what you learnt in the university and what the job markets demand? If yes, Why? If not, why? 3.What have you learnt from being interviewed on the job markets? 4.Why does sex discrimination on job markets still exist even if we claim men and women are born equal? 5.Do you think it is reasonable for women to stay at home taking care of children and husbands when we are facing a shrinking job market?

Week 15 to 16: Topic: One couple, one child policy(一對夫婦，一個孩子政策給社會發展帶來的利和弊)

Questions to be discussed: 1.What advantages and disadvantages does the policy of “one couple, one child” bring to the development of our society? 2.Why did “one child” policy meet strong policy in the late 70s and early 80s, especially in the rural areas but now it is well accepted? 3.What potential dangers do we have if so many young couples don’t want to have any children? 4.Do you think that we will have a shortage of labor force in 10 or 20 years if we still carry out this policy? If yes，why? If not, why? 5.What difference do you find between the only child in the family and children who have brothers and sisters?

Week 17 to 18：Topics: The early coming of the aged society and the incomplete welfare system in China(中國的老年社會的提前到來和還未健全的福利體制)Questions to be discussed:

1.How do we define the aged society? What characteristics does an aged society have? 2.How do we define a complete welfare system in a society? What can the aged people benefit from the welfare system in China? 3.Who should be responsible for the care of aged people in an “empty nest” when their adult children have gone(abroad)where they can make a living?

4.Have you ever imagined what you can do when your parents and your spouse’s parents(4 aged people)are not able to take care of themselves? 5.Do you think it is reasonable for newly married young couple to follow the 5 basic steps in their life, firstly try to save money to buy a big apartment, secondly save money to buy a private car, thirdly save money for the only child’s education, fourthly save money to enjoy themselves, fifthly save money for a decent retired life? If yes, why? If no, why?

Week 19~20 Topic: Keep away from drug(遠離毒品)1.Why does drug abuse become so popular nowadays even if it was eliminated in the early 50s? 2.What are the dangers of drug abuse to our society? 3.What joint efforts can be made by international community since drug smuggling is the biggest concern in the whole world? 4.What knowledge do you have about different forms of drugs? What bad effects can they cause to human beings both physically and mentally? 5.What can we do to keep away from drugs?

Simulated Press Conferences

Procedures: The organizer of the simulated press conference gives a brief introduction to the government official and the expert veterinarian and then to the main purpose of this press conference.The government official gives a brief account of the new development of bird flu in the country and the veterinarian offers some common knowledge on bird flu and what effective measures can be taken to stop it and how to prevent human beings from suffering it.Then audience from different news medium ask questions and the three speakers give responses.Reference: Topic for 2007 I.War in Iraq Questions to be raised: 1.Is it reasonable for US government to overthrow Sardam’s Regime by force? If yes, why? If no, why?

2.Is it possible for a superpower to conquer a small nation by force? If yes, why? If no, why? 3.Why does the US government insist staying in Iraq in spite of the heavy loss of human lives including both American and British young soldiers and Iraq civilians? 4.Do you think suicide-bombs are powerful weapons to fight against intruders? 5.What is the best solution of Iraq war?

II.Topics Coal Mine Disaster in China（煤礦瓦斯爆炸頻發所造成的災難）Questions to be raised: 1.What are the main reasons of gas explosion in China and so far how many miners were killed in China this year? 2.Why does the central government demand that the local government officials withdraw their investment from local mines? Why is it so hard for them to carry out this policy? 3.What effective measures can be taken to prevent gas explosion in private mines? 4.How do you compensate for the life loss for the victim’s relatives and what penalty can you give to the responsible people? 5.Why do so many small and private coal mines still keep working even if the central government has already ordered to close down them?

Reference: Topic for 2005

Bird Flu(禽流感在中國的最新發展)Questions to be raised: 1.By what channels does bird flu spread so quickly? What effective measures can we take if bird flu is found in a chicken farm? 2.What is the potential danger of bird flu to human beings?

3.Is it curable if man suffers from bird flu? What is the death percentage

of bird flu patients? 4.What evidences can you present to show that bird flu can not spread from men to men? 5.What is the development of new vaccine to protect human beings from bird flu? And so far how many people died of bird flu?

II.Earthquake in Jiujiang（九江的地震）

Questions to be raised: 1.What effective measures have you taken so far to help homeless people after the earthquake? What do the victims of the earthquake deed badly? 2.How can you ensure that the donations of money or materials from the charity organization be fairly distributed among the victims of earthquake? Can the money be used for other purposes? 3.How do governments at different levels help the local people reconstruct their homes? 4.Is it possible to move these people on the earthquake belts to other save place? If yes, why? If not, why?

5.What is the new development in China to predict earthquake?

III.Gas Explosion in Different Coal Mines in China（煤礦瓦斯爆炸頻發所造成的災難）

Questions to be raised: 6.What are the main reasons of gas explosion in China and so far how many miners were killed in China this year? 7.Why does the central government demand that the local government officials withdraw their investment from local mines? Why is it so hard for them to carry out this policy? 8.What effective measures can be taken to prevent gas explosion in private mines? 9.How do you compensate for the life loss for the victim’s relatives and what penalty can you give to the responsible people? 10.Why do so many small and private coal mines still keep working even if the central government has already ordered to close down them?

IV.Water Pollution in Songhuajiang（松花江的水污染）1． What reasons caused the chemical explosion in Jilin Petrol Chemical Plant(吉林石化廠)? What effective measures had been taken by the local authority after the explosion to prevent water pollution? 2． How can you compensate for the loss of production of private enterprises when water supply had been closed down for 4 days in the capital city in Heilongjoiang(黑龍江)? 3． Do the chemicals deposited in the river bed have a long term effect on

human beings’ health? If it has, what can we do? 4． What penalty can you give to the local government leaders who are responsible for the water pollution? 5． If Russia people complain for the water pollution, what can you do? Many people believe that “the one couple one child policy” has brought benefits to our economic development but other people insist that we should stop this policy since China has entered gray hair society and we will lack labor force in a few years.What is your understanding of this argument?

英語演講和辯論課的考試要求和記分標準

考試要求：期末考試分為口試和筆試；口試根據本學期所給定的8-10個主題，教師對每一位學生指定或由學生選定主題準備一篇講演稿或辯論稿。在脫稿演講之后和教師就演講的主題辯論，教師根據學生演講的內容、熟練和流利程度打分，占期末總分的20%, 口試在課堂進行；筆試由教師另外所選的兩個主題中任選一個在本學期規定的2 小時中寫一篇500~800詞的講演稿，成績占期末總分的20%。

成績：

參與課堂活動的表現占總分的30%，完成作業情況(上交的講演稿)占20%，上課考勤占10%；期末考試成績占40%，其中，面對學生的講演和辯論占20%，筆試（根據所給主題寫的講演稿）占20%

外國語言文學系任課教師：辛柯教授

Requirements：

1．4 written papers(computer printed)concerning the 4 topics covered 2.1 presentation on behalf the group discussion 3.1 formal speech without any materials in hand 4.Attendance

5.Final written paper of argumentation

第二篇：英語演講與辯論 課程教學大綱

英語演講與辯論》課程教學大綱

(2006年制訂,2006年修訂)

課程編號:100191

英文名:The Art of English Public Speaking and debating

課程類別:專業選修

學分:2學分

課時:32課時

主講教師:韓靜等

選定教材:Stephen E.Lucas(美),《演講的藝術》(第八版),北京:外語教學與研究出版社,2004年 課程概述:

《英語演講與辯論》課程是一門語言技能和專業知識相結合的課程,在一定程度上實現相關專業與外語專業之間的復合、交融和滲透,使學生從語言的單一性向知識的多元化、寬厚型方向轉化.該課程有助于提高學生綜合應用英語的能力,有助于學生綜合素質的培養,是英語教學改革的新課型通過該課程的學習不僅能幫助學生進一步提高英語表達能力、英語口語交際能力,更有利于學生開拓思路、掌握溝通技巧;引導學生體會演講魅力、提高演講技巧、展示演講才能,有利于他們早日掌握這門適用于各種領域的溝通藝術.這門課程的學習需要一定程度的語言技能以外的知識積累.通過這門課程的學習,學生能夠系統地了解英語演講的技巧,英語演講稿的寫作方法以及英語演講技巧在現代交際中的作用.本課程采用理論傳授與實際操練相結合;教師講解和學生參與相結合;教師點評和學生試評相結合的教學方法.本課程授課內容主要包括兩大塊,均采用多媒體、互動式授課.第一部分包括英語演講課程的理論教學,采用范例錄像觀摩和闡釋理論知識點相結合的方法;第二部分包括學生操練并輔助以課堂討論及對學生操練和作業進行評析(自評、互評和教師點評相結合)等方法.考查方法采用課堂參與和考試相結合.教學目的:

通過本課程的學習,使學生全面、系統地掌握英語演講和辯論的理論知識與藝術特點以及在現實交際生活的作用及在一定程度上實現相關專業與外語專業之間的復合、交融和滲透,使學生從語言的單一性向知識的多元化、寬厚型方向轉化,并且提高學生綜合應用英語的能力和綜合素質的培養.教學方法:

本課程授課內容主要包括兩大塊,均采用多媒體、互動式授課.第一部分包括英語演講辯論課程的理論教學,采用示范錄像觀摩和闡釋理論知識點相結合的方法;第二部分包括學生操練并輔助以課堂討論及對學生操練和作業進行評析(自評、互評和教師點評相結合)等方法.考查采用課堂參與記錄與考試相結合的方法,課堂參與記錄占50%,考試占50%.1)教學原則

a.教師為主導,學生為主體,訓練為主線;

b.運用激勵策略,營造寬松型(free)、學生友好型(student-friendly)氛圍;

c.語境教學法(context teaching);

d.過程教學法(process teaching).2)課堂組織形式

a.精講多練,突出學生參與;

b.運用視聽演示材料供學生觀摩;

c.鼓勵學生制作視覺輔助材料(visual aids);

d.運用攝像設備拍錄學生演講實景;

e.先講后評,組織討論;

f.運用評估表(evaluation sheet)分析學生演講;

g.大班與小班授課應有區別.各章教學要求及教學要點

第一章 Speaking And Listening

教學要求:

本章教學要求學生比較全面了解演講的基本理論和概念,演講中的道德準則以及傾聽在言語交流中的重要性.教學內容:

一、Speaking in Public

1.The Power of Public Speaking

2.The Tradition of Public Speaking

3.Similarities Between Public Speaking and Conversation

4.Differences Between Public Speaking and Conversation

5.Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class

6.Public Speaking and Critical Thinking

7.The Speech Communication Process

8.Public speaking in a Multicultural World

二、Ethics and Public Speaking

1.The Importance of Ethics

2.Guidelines for Ethical Speaking

3.Plagiarism

4.Guidelines for Ethical Listening

三、Listening

1.Listening Is Important

2.Listening and Critical Thinking

3.Four Causes of Poor Listening

4.How to Become a Better Listener

思考題:

1.In what way is public speaking likely to make a difference in your life?

2.How is public speaking different from everyday conversation?

3.How can you control your nervousness and make it work for you in your speeches?

4.What are the seven elements of the speech communication process? How do they interact to determine the success or failure of a speech?

第二章 Speech Preparation: Getting Started

教學要求:

本章教學要求學生了解在演講的準備階段如何選題和立意,如何分析聽眾的特點,如何收集資料和如何規范地使用所搜集到的論據來說明自己的想法.教學內容:

Selecting a Topic and Purpose

1.Choosing a Topic

2.Determining the General Purpose

3.Determining the Specific Purpose

4.Phrasing the Central Idea

二、Analyzing the Audience

1.Audience-Centeredness

2.Your Classmates as an Audience

3.The Psychology of Audiences

4.Demographic Audience Analysis

5.Situational Audience Analysis

6.Getting Information About the Audience

7.Adapting to the Audience

三、Gathering Materials

1.Using Your Own Knowledge and Experience

2.Doing Library Research

3.Searching the Internet

4.Interviewing

5.Tips for Doing Research

四、Supporting Your Ideas

1.Supporting Materials and Critical Thinking

2.Examples

3.Statistics

4.Testimony

5.Sample Speech with Commentary

思考題:

1.What is the difference between the specific purpose and the central idea of a speech? What are four guidelines for an effective central idea?

2.What methods can you use to adapt your speech to your audience before the speech? During the speech?

3.What five things should you do to take research notes efficiently?

4.What are five tips for using examples in your speeches?

第三章 Speech Preparation: Organizing and Outlining

教學要求:

本章教學要求學生系統掌握英語演講稿的寫作方法和寫作規范.教學內容:

Organizing the Body of the Speech

1.Organization Is Important

2.Main Points

3.Supporting Materials

4.Connectives

二、Beginning and Ending the Speech

1.The Introduction

2.The Conclusion

三、Outlining the Speech

1.The Preparation Outline

2.The Speaking Outline

思考題:

1.What are the five basic patterns of organizing main points in a speech? Which are appropriate for

informative speeches? Which is used only in persuasive speeches? Which is used most often?

2.What are seven methods you can use in the introduction to get the attention and interest of your audience?

3.What are four ways to reinforce the central idea when concluding your speech?

4.What is a preparation outline? What are the eight guidelines discussed in the chapter for writing a preparation outline?

5.What is a speaking outline? What are four guidelines for your speaking outline?

第四章 Presenting The Speech

教學要求:

本章教學要求學生基本掌握演講寫作中的語言技巧,演講的不同形式,以及直觀教具的制作和用法.教學內容:

一、Using Language

1.Language Is Important

2.Meanings of Words

3.Using Language Accurately

4.Using Language Clearly

5.Using Language Vividly

6.A Note on Inclusive Language

二、Delivery

1.What is a Good Delivery?

2.Methods of Delivery

3.The Speaker's Voice

4.The Speaker's Body

5.Practicing Delivery

6.Answering Audience Questions

三、Using Visual Aids

1.Advantages of Visual Aids

2.Kinds of Visual Aids

3.Guidelines for Preparing Visual Aids

4.Guidelines for Presenting Visual Aids

思考題:

1.What are three things you should do to use language clearly in your speeches?

2.Why is it important for a public speaker to use inclusive language? What are five usages of inclusive language which have become so widely accepted that no speaker can afford to ignore them?

3.What are the eight aspects of voice usage you should concentrate on in your speeches?

4.What are the five steps you should follow when practicing your speech delivery?

5.What steps should you take when preparing for a question-and-answer session? What should you concentrate on when responding to questions during the session?

6.What are the major advantages of using visual aids in your speeches?

第五章 Varieties of Public Speaking

教學要求:

本章教學要求學生掌握演講的幾種主要的體裁,能夠在不同的場合選擇不同的方式進行有效演講.教學內容:

教學內容:

Speaking to Inform

1.Types of Informative Speeches: Analysis and Organization

2.Guidelines for Informative Speaking

3.Sample Speech with Commentary

4.The Importance of Persuasion

5.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Fact

6.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Value

7.Persuasive Speeches on Questions of Policy

二、Methods of Persuasion

1.Building Credibility

2.Using Evidence

3.Reasoning

4.Appealing to emotions

三、Speaking on Special Occasions

1.Speeches of Introduction

2.Speeches of Presentation

3.Speeches of Acceptance

4.Commemorative Speeches

5.After-Dinner Speeches

四、Speaking in Small Groups

1.What Is a Small Group?

2.Leadership in Small Groups

3.responsibilities in a Small Group

4.The Reflective-Thinking Method

5.Presenting the Recommendations of the Groups

思考題:

1.Why must informative speakers be careful not to overestimate what the audience knows about the topic? What can you do to make sure your ideas don't pass over the heads of your listeners?

2.What are three methods you can use to avoid abstractions in your informative speech?

3.Explain the difference between passive agreement and immediate action as goals for persuasive speeches on questions of policy.4.What four methods of organization are used most often in persuasive speeches on questions of policy?

5.What are four tips for using evidence effectively in a persuasive speech?

6.What are the three major traits of a good acceptance speech?

7.What are the five major responsibilities of every participant in a small group?

參考書目:

1)Lucas, Stephen E.The Art of Public Speaking.8th Ed.New York: McGraw Hill, 2004.配有Instructor's Manual.2)Verderber, Rudolph F.The Challenge of Effective Speaking.10th Ed.Boston: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1997.3)Collins, Patrick.Say It with Power & Confidence.Paramus: Prentice Hall, 1998.4)Kay, Sue(英):《實用演講技巧》,北京:外語教學與研究出版社,2004.5)亞歷山大(Alexander, L.G.)(英),《英語辯論手冊》,北京:外語教學與研究出版社,1999.6)紀玉華、陳向軍、Andrew N.Brown,《英語演講與辯論教程》,廈門:廈門大學出版社,2004.7)王守仁,何寧,《新編英語口語教程》,上海:上海外語教育出版社,1998.8)楊俊峰(編譯),《實用演講技能教程》,沈陽:遼寧教育出版社,2001.9)謝伯端,《實用演講與口才教程》,武漢:華中理工大學出版社,1996.10)黃士基,《演說的技巧與藝術》,武漢:華中理工大學出版社,1991.執筆人: 韓靜2006年5月

審定人: 黃能2006年5月

系負責人: 王克明 2006年7月

第三篇：英語演講與辯論

Online games impact on youngstersRecent years, many youngsters including lots of college students are addicted to computer games.They ignore that their main task is studying.Some youngsters even play computer games day and night.They don’t have any other hobbies except computer games.Their GPA is so low that they are facing the danger of expelled from school.For the students themselves who play online games all the day, they feel it

excited when playing games.The world of the computer games is so beautiful and colorful that they even can’t distinguish what is the virtual world and what is the real world.Games seemed like everything of their life.They can give up studying, give up having a meal, give up sleeping, give up making friends with others, give up staying with family, but what they can't give up is playing games.However, their teachers and parents are worried about this.Teachers don't want to see the scene that their students are thinking about how to play games in the class.Usually, just a part of students come to class, the other are playing games instead of having classes.Parents told their children that they shall study hard at school when their children leave home.But what upsets the parents is that the children are just playing online games at school.Online game sometimes can alleviate fatigue, but youngsters can’t be

addicted to it which will damage their study and their health, even their future.So for a youngster, you must get the balance between online games and your study, your health, your family, your future!

第四篇：演講與辯論3

以下是一些總結，一些經歷，一些感悟，一些思索，串連起來......不妨探討探討：

第一條 Just a game

辯論賽不是學術，更不是小品，他只是一個游戲；請不要將其學術化，更不要將其庸俗化。

第二條永遠記住說服觀眾

作為一個辯手，反駁本能是正常且必要的。但別忘記，對手是永遠不倒的，觀眾卻是可以說服的；對手是永不認輸的，觀眾卻是可以判你勝利的。說服觀眾，是辯論賽取勝的關鍵。

第三條觀眾上帝原則

既然辯論賽以說服觀眾來取勝，那么觀眾就是我們的上帝。永遠不要抱怨觀眾錯了，抱怨觀眾層次低，或者觀眾不理解。錯的只有我們自己，沒有成功的說服，再完美的立論和技巧也是失敗。

在這里請注意，當一個觀眾到達辯論場時，他對辯題可能根本沒想過；在比賽中，他也很麻木、并且容易走神，知道你該做什么了？

第四條評委也是觀眾

當然，這個觀眾群體是有些特殊的，但究其本質，仍然是觀眾。請不要抱怨評委不懂辯論，定罪的陪審團中需要幾個法學專業的人？

第五條尊重對手

你很喜歡喊“對方辯友”，可你真把他們當朋友了么？你為什么著急，甚至兇神惡煞？ 很簡單，你沒真正把他們當朋友。事實上，正是對手的存在使比賽充滿趣味，他們總能讓你發現很多自己一度忽略的問題，于是你成長了。他們，只是和你一起討論問題的辯友。

第六條尊重辯題

這個辯題很不公平么？你很不利么？OK，你展示自己才能的機會到了。

第七條紳士原則

明白了以上幾條，你應該懂得，辯論是一個高雅的游戲。

永遠記住，不要把辯論弄成吵架，盡管你總是很想撲上去。有的時候別人對辯手敬而遠之，這到底是他們不理解還是我們自己錯了，想過沒有？

當然，想當一只討大家一笑的紅臉猴子也可以，只要你愿意。

第八條功利性原則

辯論賽不是辯論，或者辯論學。作為比賽，第一步就是求勝。先追求勝利，再追求勝利之外的東西；先懂得怎么取勝，再說看淡勝負。

作為辯手，不要務虛，更不要故弄玄虛，你能明白的。簡單說，比賽中要爭取勝利，比賽之外要看淡勝負。前者是做事，后者是做人。

第九條好思慎辯

每個辯手都有反駁本能和表達沖動，但真正讓你成長的卻是不斷的思考。

用腦子去辯論，對事不對人的辯論。

第十條普通話原則

上過課吧？你喜歡那些枯燥抽象、故作高深的老師，還是那些幽默風趣、材料豐富、觀點鮮明的老師？

請記住，用最有道理的方式說道理，不要硬說道理、不說人話。

再記住，邏輯是必要的，但生活中說服人們的常常是說法、道理、比喻和例子。

第十一條立論為體，技巧為用

任何一種技巧，都是為了更好的維護立論。脫離這一點，技巧就成了歪門邪道。

不要純粹追求場上效果。風趣的言語如果能更有道理的說明道理，那是幽默，否則就叫嘩眾取寵。

第十二條不要以勢壓人

請不要用名言壓人，更不要用意識形態壓人。誰都不喜歡喊口號，瞧，你正在讓這比賽變得惡心！

第十三條辯論在攻擊中精彩

如果你認為自己是一個不錯的辯手，不要害怕交鋒。這是顯示你辯才的大好機會。

如果你認為自己辯論已經很好了，請不要總是回避交鋒，你不希望別人說這是演講比賽吧。

第十三條準備再準備

深入地準備，不要擔心這會引向你的臨場發揮。

辯手的大敵，是思維的惰性。不要認為有什么問題對手無法回答，不要認為有什么己方弱點對手想不到。

你現在多準備一分，到場上你就多受用一番。

尤其，要組織好你關鍵的話語。

第十四條放眼全局

不要去纏繞那些離題千里的問題，不管你多有沖動。

不要拘泥于每一回合的得失，要放眼全局。

下棋不能只想著吃子，也不能只盯著對手的出棋。

有時候，辯手會有沖動，想解決一切問題，這時，我們欣賞你的勇敢，卻質疑你的智慧。

任何一個辯題都是一把雙刃劍，可謂利弊并存，聰明的辯手總會設法把比賽維持在對己有利的方位，要記住，不要逞強，不要總想著在口頭上占便宜，寸土不讓。

第十五條團隊的藝術

在一個團隊中，缺乏信任、自我表現永遠是最大的隱患。

辯論需要核心，但更需要緊密的配合。一個隊伍最大的敵人常常是他自己。

與你的隊友溝通，分析他們的優點，相信他們的力量，傾聽他們的發言。

在這里不妨注意下，一個隊伍攻防能力的加強，關鍵在協攻和協防。

第十六條思考再思考，學習再學習

在辯論圈中，要想成為高手，關鍵在于你能否領悟。

很多東西，即使和你說一萬遍，你也未必懂得，真正的領悟都是在實踐中總結的。領悟如此不易，而且也沒有捷徑，你只有不斷地觀察、思考、總結、檢驗。

如果你真的很想做好，那就戰勝自己的惰性，少一些想當然。如果你覺得膩味了，就算了。請記住，“學無止境”這個成語在辯論領域一樣適用。

問一下，你玩網絡游戲么，知道怎么練級么？

第十七條閃亮的日子

辯論賽能讓你出風頭，這種感覺很爽。

但到了后來，你會發現自己不再僅為虛榮心而戰，你的心中有了很多其他東西，比如責任、友情，等等。

喜歡辯論的人，性格常常是相似的，正是這般的性格讓你超越了世俗功利，不斷努力。所以，不論結果如何，請保持信心。有一天回想起這段不平凡的時光，你一定會深深感動。還記得那首歌么：

你我為了理想，歷盡了艱苦，我們曾經哭泣，也曾共同歡笑。

但愿你會記得，永遠地記著，你我共同擁有，閃亮的日子。

第十八條不要把辯論帶入生活

常言道，辯論需要生活化，但生活一定不能辯論化。

我們辯的不過是論證方法，而不是探索真理，沒必要非得爭個是非曲直。

現在有些人很不理解辯論，還認為辯手很XXXXX很變態，你該用實際行動（而非唇舌）告訴他們，不是這樣。

第十九條先做人再辯論

辯論的準備強調語言溝通，所以辯手之間很容易形成深厚的感情。

不過辯論也強調思維、語言、技巧，所以有時你會發現你的辯友城府很深，嘴巴很巧。不用懼怕，現在是鍛煉你的好機會。試著和他們溝通交流相處，你定能受益匪淺。

到后來你會發現，很多比賽的勝負，其實一開始早已注定。歷史必定還是要靠人來書寫。要做好辯手，先學會做人，真的沒錯。

第二十條讓政治遠離辯論的確，辯論會有黑哨。過多的功利色彩、政治因素的加入，讓辯論承受了不可承受之重。為了辯論的純潔，讓不必要的政治遠一些吧。

第二十一條 積極發展辯論

今天辯論正在走向衰落，有很多原因。

不過，曲高和寡、脫離大眾是直接原因。深層的原因還包括大學氛圍的改變、浮躁之風的盛行，等等。

不過，辯論畢竟還沒有死亡，我們還有機會，如果你愛辯論，那么設法去幫助她，其實她應該可以和籃球足球一樣，成為一種正常的娛樂。

第二十二條 廣泛交流

機遇是有限的，能上場的辯手，能參賽的學校，永遠就那么幾個。

那么剩下的呢？

現在我負責任的告訴你，深藏不露的高手遍及全國，比比皆是，其中不少都比電視上的強。辯論圈是最能讓你體驗到，什么叫山外有山，人外有人。

你該怎么做？

很簡單，多交流啊，多學習啊。你一定明白，在這個全球化時代，閉門造車是沒用的。那么好，就來我們演講與辯論協會玩玩吧。我們會帶給你以辯會友的享受~！

與君共勉！

第五篇：廣州大學英語演講與辯論課程課件

《英語演講與辯論》（廣州大學公選課，陸道夫主講）

英語演講話題是平時訓練的重要參考，期末考試也可以用這些話題來錄制演講或辯論視頻，同學們自己可以選擇，這些演講話題僅僅作為參考。本課程的成績以同學們提交的視頻為準，不再另外考試。

1.What are the responsibilities of college students?

2.The social trust

3．How should you prepare for a job interview?

4.Learn to walk before you can run

5.Should college graduate start their own business?

6.My views on the expansion of college enrollment

7.My ideal teacher

8.In life, it is attitude that matters most.9.Who should be responsible for environmental protection?

10.Look before you leap.11.Smile and the world smiles with you.12.The importance of recycling

13.Is money equal to success?

14.What does college life mean to you?

15.If I had a time machine, …

16.Do not put off until tomorrow what you can do today.17.The role of the Internet for college students

18.Which is important, university or major?

19.My views on TV pop shows in China now

20.Smoking should be banned in public places.21.How to balance study and a part-time job?

22.The economic development andthe environment

23.The safety of information in China

24.Honesty is the best policy.25.Challenges faced by Chinese college students

26.It's necessary to say “NO” sometimes.27.A good beginning is half done.28.How to avoid campus violence?

29.What can we learn today from the Chinese heroes of yesterday?

30.The effects of TV advertising

31.Dreams CAN come true.32.The rich cultural diversity of China

33.Yao Ming's influence on Chinese society

34.It is better to give than to receive.35.The importance of knowing oneself

36.Should college students be allowed to live off campus?

37.If I were a billionaire, …

38.Opportunities often come disguised as hard work.39.If I could start my college life again, …

40.Better late than ever.41.My views on blog

42.Do you think it is important to support minority cultures?

43.We should pay attention to the mental health of college students?

44.Experience is the best teacher.45.What do you think of Confucius Institute over the world?

46.A person who has influenced me in my life

47.What will the world will be like without electricity?

48.How to get along with people from different cultures

49.Tourism and the environment

50.When in Rome, do as the Romans do.