第一篇：英語連詞的用法和總結(全)
英語連詞用法和總結
一、概述.......................................................................................................................................2
二、并列連詞的用法.....................................................................................................................2(一)、表示轉折關系的并列連詞.............................................................................................2(二)、表選擇的并列連詞........................................................................................................6(三)、表示因果關系的并列連詞.............................................................................................7(四)、表示并列關系的并列連詞...........................................................................................10
三、從屬連詞的用法...................................................................................................................12(一)、引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................12(二)、引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................15(三)、引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................17(四)、引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................18(五)、引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................18(六)、引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................21(七)、引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................23(八)、引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................24(九)、引導比較狀語從句的從屬連詞...................................................................................24(十)、引導名詞從句的從屬連詞等.......................................................................................24
四、并列連詞詞組的用法...........................................................................................................24(一)、both…and…的用法......................................................................................................24(二)、either…or…的用法.......................................................................................................25(三)、neither…nor…的用法...................................................................................................26(四)、not only…but also…的用法..........................................................................................26(五)、not only…but also…和對稱結構...................................................................................27
五、連詞總結..............................................................................................................................29
一、概述
連詞是一種虛詞，用于連接單詞、短語、從句或句子，在句子中不單獨用作句子成分。連詞按其性質可分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用于連接并列的單詞、短語、從句或句子，如and, but, or, for等；從屬連詞主要引出名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句等)和狀語從句(時間狀語從句、條件狀語從句、目的狀語從句等)，引出名詞性從句的連詞如that, whether等，引出狀語從句的連詞如when, because, since, if 等。
二、并列連詞的用法
(一)、表示轉折關系的并列連詞。
主要有 but(但是), yet(可是), while(而，卻)等。如：
I would have written before but I have been ill.我本該早寫信的，但我生病了。I have failed, yet I shall try again.我失敗了，但我還要嘗試。You like tennis, while I’d rather read.你愛打網球，但我愛看書
Someone borrowed my pen, but I don’t remember who.有人借了我的鋼筆，但我不記得是誰了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us.他說他是我們的朋友，但卻不肯幫助我們。
but的用法舉例 1.連接詞或短語
It was a sunny but not very warm day.那一天天氣晴朗，卻不太暖和。He drives not carefully but slowly.他開車不是很小心，而是開得很慢。2.連接句子
This isn’t a good one but it will answer.這不太好，但可以將就用。
He looks honest, but actually he’s a rogue.他看起來很老實，實際他是一個壞蛋。She has had no answer to him but he gave no answer.我向他說了早上好，但他沒有回應。
The ice remained, but there was no water underneath.冰還在，但下面卻沒有水。Mrs.Brown was about to begin, but Jennie spoke first.布朗夫人正要開始講話，珍妮先講了。
At first he was a little shy, but now he acts more natural.開始時他有些靦腆但現在他表現得很自然了。
There was a little trouble at first, but things were soon quiet.起初有點小麻煩后來情況就平靜了。3.用于句首
But that question doesn’t arise.但沒發生那個問題。But in secret she was delighted.但她暗中感到高興。But what else can we do? 我們還能做什么? But in the end he gave in.但最后他還是讓步了。
But there’s one thing we are agreed on.但有一點大家的意見是一致的。4.用于道歉的表達之后
Sorry, but we’re behind schedule.抱歉，我們落在計劃后了。
I’m frightfully sorry, but I can’t see you today.太對不起了，我今天不能見你。Excuse me, but I don’t think that’s quite true.很抱歉，我認為這與事實略有出入。5.用于not…but…，表示“不是……而是……”
Not you but I am to blame.不是你的錯而是我的錯。6.用在某些否定語后，表示“只……”：
He eats nothing but hamburgers.他只吃漢堡包。She knows no one but you.她只認識你。
You have nobody but yourself to blame.只能怪你自己。
No one but me saw her.只有我看見他(from www.tmdps.cn)。7.用于next(last)but one 中，表示“隔壁再過去”“倒數第……”
He lives in the next house but one.他住在隔壁再過去一家。He was the last but one to arrive.他是倒數第二個到的。8.can’t help but 不由得不……
You can’t help but respect them.你不由得不尊敬他們。
When they gave him a ticket to the game, he couldn’t help but go.他們給了他一張看球賽的票，他不由得不去。
I can’t help but wonder what I should do next.我不由得不想知道下一步該怎么辦。【注意】不要按漢語意思將“雖然…但是…”直譯為although…but…：
誤：Though we are poor, but we are happy.(去掉though或but中任一個)
but 與 however的用法區別
兩者均可表示轉折或對比，意為“但是”、“可是”、“然而”等，但有區別： 1.表示轉折時，but 是連詞。如：
He is young but very experienced.他雖年輕，但經驗很豐富。He has three daughters but no sons.他有3 個女兒，但沒有兒子。He likes sports, but his wife likes music.他喜歡運動，而他妻子則喜歡音樂。
2.however 表示“然而”、“可是”時，有的詞書認為它是連詞，有的詞書認為它是副詞。之所以將其視為
副詞，也許是因為像許多副詞一樣不僅能位于句首，而且能位于句中(注意前后使用逗號)，甚至句末
(注意其前也用逗號)。如：
Later, however, he changed his mind.可是他后來改變了主意。
He hasn’t arrived.He may, however, come later.他還沒有到，不過他等會兒可能會來。He said that it was so;he was mistaken, however.他說情況如此，可是他錯了。注意：以上各例中的 however 不能換成 but，但可用 but 來改寫。如：
He said that it was so, but he was mistaken.他說情況如此，可他錯了。3.當連接兩個句子時，其前通常應用分號，或另起新句。如：
It’s raining hard;however, I think we should go out./ It’s raining hard.However, I think we should go out.雨下得很大，但我想我們還得出去。
注意：上例中的 however 不能換成 but，但可用 but 來改寫(注意所用標點的變化)。如：
It’s raining hard, but I think we should go out.yet的用法
1、yet用作連詞時，與but一樣也主要用于轉折，意為“但是”“而”：
I have failed, yet I shall try again.我失敗了，但我還要嘗試。The judge was stern, yet completely fair.法官很嚴峻，卻完全公正。They are the same, yet not the same.它們又一樣，又不一樣。It is strange, yet it is true.那真是怪事，然而卻是事實。
I’ve been away only for three years, yet I can hardly recognize my hometown.我僅在外三年，可我幾乎認不出我自己的故鄉了。
He said he was our friend, yet he wouldn’t help us.他說他是我們的朋友，但卻不肯幫助我們。
2、有時用在句首。如：
Yet the house was cheerful.但屋子里顯得很歡快。Yet its population has doubled.但它的人口翻了一番。
3、yet有時可與并列連詞and或but連用，構成習語and yet和but yet，意為“雖然如此”“可是”
“然而”，與單獨使用的yet意思相同。如：
He’s not really nice-looking, and yet he has enormous charm.他并不十分好看，可是他很有魅力。She’s a funny girl, but yet you can’t help liking her.她是一個奇怪的姑娘，但你禁不住會喜歡她。
I gave him ten pounds(and)yet he was not satisfied.我給了他十鎊但他仍不滿足。She’s vain and foolish, and yet people like her.她很虛榮愚蠢，但人們卻喜歡她。She drove very fast to the airport, but [yet, and yet, but yet] she missed the plane.她開快車去機場，可還是誤了飛機。
4、根據英語習慣，although不能與連詞but搭配使用，但是although可以與yet搭配連用（此時的yet可
視為副詞）。如：
Although we are poor, yet we are happy.盡管我們窮，但我們很快活。Although we have made some progress, yet we still have a long way to go.我們雖然取得了些進步，但還是遠遠不夠的。
連詞while考點知識歸納
while是大家比較熟悉的一個詞，但是許多人對它的了解是不全面的，你可能只知道它表示
“當??的時候”，甚至可能還知道它與when, as的用法區別。但是，非常遺憾，你所知道的這些東西都
是有關while用法的“基礎知識”，卻不是一般英語考試的“考點知識”。請看下面兩道考題：
1、考查表示時間的用法，其意為“當……的時候”。如： We must strike while the iron is hot.我們要趁熱打鐵。
Stand still while I take your photograph.我給你拍照時站著不要動。
Have we got enough books to read while we are on holiday? 假期里我們有足夠的書看嗎? Were there any calls for me while I was out? 我出去的時候，有人來過電話嗎? She hates anyone listening while she is telephoning.她打電話時不愿讓任何人聽。
2、考查表示讓步的用法，其意為“盡管”“雖然”。如：
While the work was difficult, it was interesting.雖然工作有難度，但很有趣。
While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.雖然我理解你的意思，但我還是不同意。
While the Internet is of great help, I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it.雖然因特網很有幫助，但我還是認為在其上花太多的時間不是個好主意。
While we don’t agree we continue to be friends.盡管我們意見不同，我們還是朋友。While I did well in class, I was a poor performer at games.雖說我學習不錯，我運動卻不行。
While a few became richer, many did not.雖然一些人變得更富有了，但多數人并非如此。
3、考查表示對比的用法，其意為“而”“但”。如： In some places women are expected to earn money while men work at home and raise their
children.有些地方婦女掙錢，而男子則在家里持家和帶孩子。
I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其余的人則去打網球了。Air is a fluid but not a liquid, while water is both a fluid and a liquid.空氣是流體不是液體，水是流體也是液體。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.一些人糟踏食物而另一些人卻食不果腹。
Some people waste food while others haven’t enough.一些人糟踏食物而另一些人卻食不果腹。
I went swimming while the others played tennis.我去游泳，而其余的人則去打網球了。Prices are rising sharply, while incomes are lagging far behind.物價飛漲而收入卻遠遠落后。注意：這樣用時，while引出的句子通常位于末，但有時也可位于句首。如：
While most children learn to read easily, some need extra help.大多數兒童學會閱讀很容易，有一些兒童卻需要特別幫助。
While some languages have 30 or more different vowel sounds, others have five or less.有些語言有30個或更多的元音，而其他語言只有5個或更少的元音。While Deauville is a holiday resort, Trouville is more of a working town.特維爾是個度假勝地，而特魯維爾更多的卻是個工業城市。
4、考查其省略用法，即主句與從句主語相同，且從句謂語動詞含有動詞be時，通常可省略從句主語和動詞
be。如：
While(he was)in prison, she wrote her first novel.她在獄中寫出了第一部小說。
He had strayed from home while still a boy.他小時候就離開家到處流浪了。
He fell asleep while(he was)doing his homework.他做著做著功課就睡著了。
I was only listening to the radio with half an ear, while(I was)preparing some food.我正在做吃的東西，沒太留心聽收音機。
(二)、表選擇的并列連詞
主要 or(或者，還是，否則), either?or?(不是?就是?), neither?or?(既不?也不?), otherwise
(要不然)等。如：
Be careful about what you say or you may regret it.當心你講的話，否則你會后悔的。Either say you’re sorry or else get out!你要么道歉，要么滾開!Neither does he smoke nor does he drink.他既不抽煙也不喝酒。
Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it.要抓住機會，否則你會后悔的。注：neither?nor?連接兩個句子，注意用倒裝語序。
or的用法歸納
1、表示選擇，意為“或”“還是”：
Is the radio off or on? 無線電關上了還是開著的? Would you prefer tea or coffee? 你喜歡茶還是咖啡？ Is he asleep or awake? 他睡著了還是醒著? Are you going to America by boat or by air? 你到美國是坐船還是坐飛機？ You may go or stay, according as you decide.是去是留由你自己決定。Are you from North China or South China? 你是華北人還是華南人?
2、表示一種否定的條件，意為“否則”：
Come on, or we’ll be late.快點，否則我們要遲到了。
Hurry up, or you'll be late for school.趕快，否則你上學就要遲到了。Dress warmly, or else you’ll catch cold.穿暖和點，否則你會感冒的。Be careful, or you’ll break that vase!小心，否則你會把那花瓶打碎!Cross the road very carefully.Look both ways, or you might be knocked down.過馬路要非常小心，要看兩邊，不然會被車撞倒。
3、可表示“要不就是”：
He must be joking, or else he’s mad.他一定在說笑話，要不就是瘋了。
The book must be here, or else you’ve lost it.這書一定在這兒，要不就是你丟失了。
4、用于否定句中代替and。
He was not clever or good-looking.他不聰明，也長得不好看。比較：
They sang and danced.他們既唱歌又跳舞。
They didn't sing or dance.他們既沒有唱歌也沒有跳舞。
5、用于習語(from www.tmdps.cn)The work is more or less finished.工作大體上完成了。
They consist of 1700 or more tribes.他們由1700個或更多部族構成。
There’s just one or two details I want to make sure about.還有一兩個細節我想弄清楚。Either your mother or your father may come with you.你母親或是你父親會陪你去。
(三)、表示因果關系的并列連詞。主要有 for(因為), so(因此)等。如：
He shook his head, for he thought differently.他搖了搖頭，因為他有不同想法。He told me to do it, so I did it.他讓我這樣做，于是我就這樣做了。The child had a bad cough, so his mother took him to the doctor.這孩子咳得很利害，所以他媽媽帶他去看醫生。
You are supposed to get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to serious errors.你們一定要克服粗枝大葉，因為粗枝大葉常常引起嚴重的錯誤。注意：for表示結果通常不能放句首，也不能單獨使用。
連詞for的用法
1、for用作連詞，主要表示理由，用于引起的分句對前面的話進行解釋，常用逗號把它和前面的分句分
開。如：
She was angry, for she didn’t know French.她生氣了，因為她不懂法語。
He must be out, for there is no light in the room.他準是出去了，因為屋里沒有燈。He shook his head, for he thought differently.他搖了搖頭，因為他有不同想法。The days were short, for it was now December.白天很短，因為這時已經是十二月。We rarely stay in hotels, for we can’t afford it.我們很少住旅館，因為我們住不起。You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.你本不必澆那些花，因為就要下雨了。
He took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing since dawn.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起來，因為他從天亮就沒吃過東西。He was busy packing, for he was leaving that night.他那時正忙著打點行李，因為那天晚上他就要走了。
She does not go out in the winter, for she feels the cold a great deal.她冬天不出門，因為他特別怕冷。
2、for表示結果通常不能放句首，也不能單獨使用。
for表示原因時的四個“不能”
1、for引導的從句不能位于它所解釋的動詞之前：
Because it was wet he took a taxi.因為下雨，他叫了一輛出租車。（這里不能用for）
2、for引導的從句不能位于not, but或任何連詞之后：
He stole, not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing.他偷東西，并不是因為他想要錢，而是他有這種毛病。（這里不能用for）
3、for引導的從句不能用于回答問題：
—Why did you do it? 你為什么這么做?
—I did it because l was angry.因為我生氣才這么做的。（這里不能用for）
4、for引導的從句不能單單用來復述已講過的話，而必須包括新的內容：
He spoke in French.She was angry because he had spoken in French.他講法語。因為他講法語，她生氣了。（這里不能用for）但是說：
She was angry, for she didn’t know French.她生氣了，因為她不懂法語。（這里用for是正確的，也可用because）
注意：之所以有這些用法上的限定，其理由是for引導的從句不能直接說明某一特定動作發生的原因，而只能
提供一些起幫助解釋作用的附加說明。例如：
The days were short, for it was now December.天短了，現在已是12月了。He took the food eagerly, for he has eaten nothing since dawn.他狼吞虎咽地吃了起來，因為他從天亮就沒吃過東西。
When I saw her in the river I was frightened.For at that point the currents were dangerous.我看見她在河里時，嚇壞了。那個地方水流非常危險。
注意：在口語中，for從句前常稍停一下。在筆語中，在此處常有一個逗號。有時也用一個句號斷開，如最后
一個例子所示。上面三個例句中也可用becatse, 但用for更好些。
連詞so的用法
1、so用作連詞，主要用于表結果，意為“所以”：
It’s very cold, so wear a heavy coat.外邊很冷，因此穿一件厚大衣。The door was locked, so we couldn’t get in.門上鎖了，所以我們進不去。
I couldn’t have won, so I didn’t go in for the race.我不可能獲勝，因此我沒參賽。The play began at eight, so they must dine at seven.戲八點開始，因此他們必須七點吃飯。
It was dark, so I couldn’t see what was happening.天很黑，所以我看不見發生了什么事。There happened to be a policeman on the corner, so I asked him the way.恰好拐角處有一位警察，我就向他問路了。
2、有時可與并列連詞and連用，構成習語and so(相當so)：
He told me to do it and so I did it.他叫我那么做，所以我就做了。He worked hard and so he succeeded.他勤奮工作，所以他取得了成功。
There was so much to eat and so few people to eat it.有這么多東西可吃，而吃的人又這么少。
I forgot to post the letter, and so she never heard about my divorce.我忘了寄那封信了，所以她一直不知道我離婚的事。
3、不要按漢語意思將“因為…所以…”直譯為because…so…：
誤：Because he was ill, so he couldn't come.(去掉because或so中任意一個)(四)、表示并列關系的并列連詞。
這類連詞主要有 and , or , either…or , neither…nor ，not only?but(also), both?and , as well as，when(=and just at this time 就在這時)等。如：
Give him an inch and he will take a mile.他會得寸進尺。Not only did he speak more correctly, but he spoke more easily.不僅他講得更正確，也講得更不費勁了。
He was about to go to bed when the telephone rang.他正要上床睡覺，這時電話鈴響了起來。
He didn’t go and she didn’t go either.他沒去，她也沒去。
The weather is mild today;it is neither hot nor cold.今天天氣很溫暖，不冷也不熱。Both New York and London have traffic problems.紐約和倫敦都存在交通問題。It is important for you as well as for me.這對你和對我都很重要。People who are either under age or over age may not join the army.年齡不到或者超齡的人都不得參軍。
連詞and 用法方方面面
1.基本義為“和”“又”“而且”等，但它有時還可表示對比或轉折，相當于漢語的“而”“但”“卻”。如：
She’s a bank manager and I’m just a road-sweeper.她是銀行經理，而我不過是個掃街的。I’ve read Tony’s book and I don’t understand it.我讀過托尼的書，但我不懂。
He hasn’t had anything published and he calls himself a writer!他什么都沒發表過，卻自稱作家！
2.有時用于連接兩個相同的詞語，主要有以下用法：(1)連接兩個相同的比較級，表示“越來越……”。如：
The weather is getting colder and colder.天氣越來越冷了。Your English is getting better and better.你的英語越來越好了。
Computers are becoming more and more complicated.計算機變得越來越復雜。(2)連接兩個相同的動詞，表示動作的反復或連續。如： He coughed and coughed.他咳個不停。
He tried and tried but without success.他試了又試卻未成功。(3)連接兩個相同的副詞，也表示動作的反復或連續。如： He kept moaning on and on.他呻吟不已。(4)連接兩個相同的名詞，有以下兩種主要用法： ①表示“許多”。如：
They talked for hours and hours.他們談了很長很長時間。The road went on for miles and miles.這條路很長很長。②強調差別，意為“與……不同”。如：
Don’t worry there are rules and rules.別擔心——規則跟規則不一樣。
I like city life but there are cities and cities.我喜歡城市生活，但城市之間也有差別。3.在come和go以動詞原形出現時，其后習慣上不跟不定式表示目的，而是用“and+動詞原形”表示
目的。如：
I must go and help my mother.我必須去幫助我母親。I’ll come and check the accounts.我將來清理賬目。
Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.去給自己買雙新鞋吧。Come and play a game of bridge with us.來跟我們一起打橋牌吧。
注意：但是，如果go和come不是以動詞原形出現，而是以過去式、過去分詞、現在分詞、動名詞等方式出
現，則其后應不定式表示目的。如：
I’ve come to collect my book.我來取我的書。
I’ m thinking of going to look for mushrooms.我想去采蘑菇。
I didn’t come to talk to Bill;I came to talk to you.我不是來跟比爾說話的，我是來跟你說話的。
I went to buy a newspaper and lost my place in the queue.我去買了份報紙，回來就找不到我排隊中的位置了。
另外，在come, go 之后的 and 有時可以省略（尤其在美國英語中）。如：
I’ll come(and)see you later.我晚些時候再來看你。
4.用在祈使句后，表示結果，意為“那么”（暗示一種條件）。如：
Work hard and you’ll pass the examinations(=If you work hard, you’ll pass the examinations).努力吧，你考試會及格的。
Arrive late once more and you’re fired(=If you arrive late once more, you’re fired).再遲到一次，就把你開除。
有時也可以不是用于祈使句后表示結果。如：
One more step and I will fire.你再動一步，我就要開槍了。5.用在 good, nice, fine 等之后，表示“很”“挺”。如：
I won’t go until I’m good and ready.我完全準備好了才去。
Make sure you cut the bread nice and thick.你一定要把面包片切得厚厚的。6.在主從復合句中，不要在主句前誤加 and。如：
使用兩個鏡子能看見自己的頭的后部。
誤：If you use mirrors, and you can see the back of your head.正：If you use mirrors, you can see the back of your head.7.某些用 and 連接的兩個詞，與漢語順序相反，不要按漢語詞序顛倒過來。如：
rich and poor 貧富
land and water 水陸 right and left 左右
north and south 南北 food and drink 飲食
food and clothing 衣食 8.比較以下各組句子有無連詞 and 的差別：
天氣晴朗，我們出去散了步。
正：The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.正：The weather was fine, and we went out for a walk.教室里包括老師有5個人。
正：In the classroom there are five people, the teacher included.正：In the classroom there are five people, and the teacher was included.他有兩個小孩，都很頑皮。
正：He has two children, both of whom are naughty.正：He has two children, and both of them are naughty.三、從屬連詞的用法
(一)、引導時間狀語從句的從屬連詞
1、表示“當…時候”或“每當”的時間連詞。主要的 when, while, as, whenever。如：
Don’t talk while you’re eating.吃飯時不要說話。
Vegetables are best when they are fresh.蔬菜新鮮時最好吃。He came just as I was leaving.我正要走時他來了。
2、表示“在…之前(或之后)”的時間連詞。主要的有before, after。如：
Try to finish your work before you leave.離開前設法把工作做完。
After we have finished tea, we will sit on the grass.喝完茶之后我們將坐在草地上。
3、表示“自從”或“直到”的時間連詞。主要的有since, until, till。如：
She’s been playing tennis since she was eight.她從八歲起就打網球了。Hold on until I fetch help.堅持一下，等我找人來幫忙。
Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you.(諺)不要無事惹事。
帶有until狀語從句的主句謂語有何特點
請看看這道題：We __________ until he came.A.stopped B.arrived
C.left
D.waited 此題應選D。選項A，B，C都有可能被誤選。要弄清此題需弄清以下幾點：
1.until 意為“一直到??”，其相應主句的謂語只能是持續性的，而不能是終止性的。它表示的是：主
句動作一直持續到從句動作發生時為止。以上一題的A，B，C選項是錯的，主要是因為其含義荒唐：
若選A，句意為：我們一直在停止，直到他來就不停止了。若選B，句意為：我們一直在到達，直到他來就不到達了。若選C，句意為：我們一直在離開，直到他來就不離開了。
以上各句的意思顯然不通。選D是對的，因為其意為：我們一直在等，直到他來就不等了(即我們一直等
到他來)。
2.上面說到，與 until 從句連用的主句謂語不能是終止性動詞，但是若這個謂語是否定的，則可以是終止性動詞，因為終止性動詞一旦被否定，即成為狀態，而狀態都是可以持續的(注：not...until...意為：直到??才??)： 誤：We stopped until he came.正：We didn’t stop until he came.直到他來我們才 停止。誤：We started until the rain stopped.正：We didn’t start until the rain stopped.直到 雨停我們才開始。誤：He finished it until it was dark.正：He didn’t finish it until it was dark.直到 天黑他才完成。
3、表示“一…就”的時間連詞。主要的有as soon as, the moment, the minute, the second, the instant，immediately, directly, instantly, once, no sooner?than, hardly?when等。如： I’ll let you know as soon as I hear from her.我一接她的信就通知你。The moment I have finished I’ll give you a call.我一干完就給你打電話。I came immediately I heard the news.我一聽到這個消息，馬上就來了。Once you begin you must continue.你一旦開始, 便不可停下來。
4、表示“上次”、“下次”、“每次”等的時間連詞。主要的有every time(每次)，each time(每次)，(the)next time(下次)，any time(隨時)，(the)last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。如： I’ll tell him about it(the)next time I see him.我下一次見到他時，我就把這個情況告訴他。
We lose a few skin cells every time we wash our hands.每當我們洗手的時候，我們都要損失一些皮膚細胞。
You can call me any time you want to.你隨時都可以給我打電話。
注意：every time, each time, any time前不用冠詞，(the)next time,(the)last time中的冠詞可以省略，而the first time中的冠詞通常不能省略。
as 用作連詞有哪些用法 as 用作連詞用法如下：
1、表示伴隨，意為“隨著”。如：
As time passed, things seemed to get worse.隨著時間的推移，情況似乎變得更糟了。若其后不接從句，而接名詞，則用介詞 with 表示“隨著”。如：
With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced.隨著現代工農業的發展，污染越來越嚴重了。
2、表示讓步，意為“雖然”“盡管”，要用于倒裝句（相當于 though，但語氣稍弱）。如：
Boy as he was, he behaved like a girl.他雖然是個男孩，但舉止卻像個女孩。Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you.我盡管很喜歡你，卻不能和你一起生活。Try as he would [might]，he couldn’t open the door.他試過多次了，卻仍打不開門。
3、表示時間，意為“當……時候”。如：
He dropped the glass as he stood up.他站起來時，把杯子摔了。As I was coming here, I met your brother.我來這里時碰到了你的弟弟。
注意，as 引導時態狀語從句時，其謂語動詞通常只能是動作動詞，而不能是靜態或狀態動詞。如：
她出生后不久父母雙亡，是由姑母撫養大的。
誤：Her parents died as she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.正：Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.4、表示原因，引導原因狀語從句時，其謂語動詞可以是動作動詞，也可以是狀態動詞。如：
As you weren’t there I left a message.因為你不在那里，我留了個信兒。另外，引導原因狀語從句，可用以下這樣的倒裝語序。如：
Tired as she was, I decided not to disturb her.因為她累了，我就決定不打擾她了。Writing hurriedly as she was, she didn’t notice the spelling errors.因為寫得倉促，她沒有注意其中的拼寫錯誤。
(二)、引導條件狀語從句的從屬連詞。
這類連詞主要有if, unless, as [so] long as, in case 等。如： Do you mind if I open the window?我開窗你不介意吧? Don’t come unless I telephone.除非我打電話，否則你別來。
As long as you’re happy，it doesn’t matter what you do.只要你高興，你做什么都沒關系。In case it rains they will stay at home.萬一下雨，他們就呆在家里。
注意：在條件狀語從句中，通常要用一般現在時表示將來意義，而不能直接使用將來時態。不過，有時
表示條件的 if之后可能用 will，但那不是將來時態, 而是表示意愿或委婉的請求(will為情態動詞)。如：
If you will sit down for a few moments, I’ll tell the manager you’re here.請稍坐, 我這就通知經理說您來了。
if與whether的用法區別
兩者在表示“是否”時的用法區別如下： 1.互換的場合
引導賓語從句表示“是否”時, 兩者常可互換。如：
He asked if [whether] we wanted a drink.他問我們是否想喝一杯。He didn’t tell me if [whether] he would come.他沒有告訴我他是否會來。注：若是引導條件狀語從句，則只能用 if(意為“如果”)。2.通常用 if 的場合
當引導一個否定的賓語從句時，通常用 if 而不用 whether。如： I don’t care if it doesn’t rain.我不在乎天是否下雨。
注：在個別詞語(如 wonder, not sure 等)后的從句否定式有時也可能用 whether 來引導。如：
I wonder if [whether] he isn’t mistaken.我想知道他是否錯了。3.通常用 whether 的場合
(1)引導主語從句且放在句首時。如：
Whether he will come is still a question.他是否會來還是個問題。
注：若在句首使用形式主語 it，而將主語從句放在句末，則有時也可用 if 來引導。如： It was not known whether [if] he would come.不知他是否會來。(2)引導表語從句時。如：
The question is whether we should go on with the work.問題是我們是否應該繼續進行這項工作。
注：引導表語從句偶爾也用 if(很不正式)，但遠不如用 whether 常見。(3)引導賓語從句且放在句首時。如：
Whether he is single I don’t know.他是否單身，我不知道。(4)引導讓步狀語從句時。如：
Whether he agrees or not, I shall do that.不管他同意與否，我都要那樣做。(5)與 or 連用分別引導兩個從句時。如：
I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong.我不知道是他錯了，還是她錯了。注：or 若不是引導兩個從句，而是連接兩個詞或短語，則也可用 if(但不如用 whether 常見)。如：
He didn’t know if [whether] we should write or phone.他不知道我們是寫信好還是打電話好。
(6)用于不定式之前時。如：
I’m not sure whether to stay or leave.我不知是留還是去。I didn’t know whether to laugh or to cry.我真是哭笑不得。(7)用于介詞之后時。如：
It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.這取決于信是否來得及時。I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我擔心是否傷了她的感情。(8)直接與 or not 連用時。如：
I will write to you whether or not I can come.我能不能來，我將寫信告訴你。注：若不是直接與 or not 用在一起，則有時也可用 if。如：
I don’t know whether [if] he will win or not.我不知他是否能贏。(9)在某些動詞后(如 discuss 等)通常只用 whether。如：
We discussed whether we should hold a meeting.我們討論了是否要開一個會。
unless與if…not
unless和if not均可表示“如果不”，有時用法相同，有時不同，請看題： You’ll miss the train __________ you hurry up.A.unless 在許多情況
下，連詞until與if...not同義，且可換用(表示一種否定的條件)。要是不下雨，我們就去。正：We shall go unless it rains.正：We shall go if it doesn’t rain.我不打電話給你，你就不要來。B.as C.if not D.until
此題應選 A。容易選C。其實C只是詞序不對，若改為...if you don’t hurry up 也是對的。正：Don’t come unless I phone you.正：Don’t come if I don’t phone you.從以上兩例可以看出，unless有時可以與if not換用，但if not中的not必須位于從句謂語中，而不能直
接與if連用在一起。但是注意，即使如此，兩者也并不是永遠可以換用的： 一般說來，兩者互換的場合只限于：當我們要去結束一個已經存在的想法或狀態時（而不是去開始一種新的想法或狀態)。試體會：
I’ll stay at home unless I am invited(=if I am not invited)to the party.要是不邀請我去參加 晚會，我就呆在家里。(即“邀請我參加晚會”會結 束“我將呆在家里”這一現在的打算)若要表示所述條件會導致一種新的想法或情況，通常要用if...not，而不用unless。試體會： I’ll be angry if I’m not invited to the party.如果不邀請我參加晚會，我會生氣的。(即“不邀請我去參加晚會”會導致一種新情況—-“我會生氣”)
(三)、引導目的狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有 in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如：
He raised his voice so that everyone could hear.他提高了嗓音，以便每個人都能聽見。Take your umbrella(just)in case it rains.帶上雨傘，以防下雨。She repeated the instructions slowly in order that he should understand.她把那些指示慢慢重復了一遍好讓他聽明白。
in case用作連詞的用法
in case用作連詞時有以下兩個用法： 1.表示條件，意為“如果”“萬一”。如：
In case it rains, do not expect me.如果下雨，就不要等我了。In case you see him, ask him about it.如果你見著他，問問他這事。
In case I forget, please remind me of my promise.如果我忘了，請提醒我我的諾言。In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait.如果他在我回來之前到，請讓他等等我。
2.表示目的，意為“以防”“生怕”。如：
I’m shy of buying shares in case I lose money.我不敢買股票，怕賠錢。Take warm clothes in case the weather is cold.帶些暖和的衣服，以防天氣變冷。I’ll keep a seat for you in case you should change your mind.我給你留一個座位，以防你會改變主意。
We took our swimming things in case we happened to find a pool.我們帶上游泳用品，以備萬一能找到一個水池。
注：有時中間的謂語由 should構成，強調偶然性，可譯為“萬一”：
I wrote down her address in case I should forget it.我寫下了她的地址，以防萬一我忘了。I always slept by the phone in case he should ring during the night.我總是睡在電話機旁邊，怕萬一他夜間打電話來。
(四)、引導結果狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有so that, so…that, such…that等。如：
I went to the lecture early so that I got a good seat.我去聽演講去得很早, 所以找個好座位。
I had so many falls that I was black and blue all over.我摔了許多跤，以致于全身都是青一塊紫一塊的。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke.他關窗子用力很大, 結果玻璃震破了。
(五)、引導原因狀語從句的從屬連詞，主要的有because, as, since, seeing(that), now(that), considering(that)等。如： He distrusted me because I was new.他不信任我，因為我是新來的。As you are sorry，I’ll forgive you.既然你悔悟了，我就原諒你。
Since we’ve no money, we can’t buy it.由于我們沒錢，我們無法購買它。Seeing that he’s ill he’s unlikely to come.因為他病了，他大概不會來了。Now that she has apologized, I am content.既然她已經道了歉, 我也就滿意了。
連詞because用法詳解
1.表示原因，語氣較強，可用來回答 why 提出的問題。如： A：Why do you love her? 你為什么愛她? B：Because she is kind.因為很善良。2.because 除經常用于引導原因狀語從句外，還可引出表語從句或用于強調句等。如： It is because you’re eating too much.那是因為你吃得太多了。
It was because I wanted to buy a dictionary that I went to town yesterday.我昨天是由于想買本字典而進城的。
3.漢語說“因為??所以??”，但英語卻不能用 because?so?這樣的結構。如： 因為我病了半年，所以把工作丟了。
誤：Because I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.正：Because I was ill for six months, I lost my job.正：I was ill for six months, so I lost my job.4.漢語說“之所以??是因為??”，英語可以類似以下這樣的句型（用that比用 because普通）。如：
The reason(why)I’m late is that [because] I missed the bus.我遲到的原因是因為我沒有趕上公共汽車。
傳統語法認為這類句型不能用 because, 但在現代英語中用because 的情形已很普遍。5.在not?because?這一結構中，not 有時否定主句，有時否定從句，具體視語境而定。一般說來，若 not
否定主句，最好在because 之前用逗號，否則會引起歧義，如下句在沒有特定上下文時就有兩種解釋：
I didn’t go because I was afraid.這個句子既可理解為“我沒有去是因為怕”，也可理解為“我不是因為怕才去”。但是，如果because 之前有副詞just修飾，一般認為not是否定從句而不是主句。如：
You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.你不要因為有人說你壞話而生氣。
6.有時可引導一個句子作主語，此時通常采用just because這樣的形式，并且主句謂語動詞通常（當然不是
一定）為mean。如：
Just because you speak English doesn’t mean you can teach it.你會說英語并不意味著你能教英語。
Just because you’re old doesn’t mean you have to be idle.只是因為你年紀大了，這并不意味著你就應該懶散不活動。
Because you have words with your wife is no reason to smash up things.你和你的妻子吵架并不能成為摔東西的理由。7.用于構成復合介詞because of，其后可接名詞、代詞、動名詞、what 從句（但不能是that從句或沒有引
導詞的從句）等。如：
He is here because of you(that).他為你（那事）而來這里。
We said nothing about it, because of his wife’s being there.因為他妻子在那兒，我們對此只字未提。
He left the company because of what the boss said at the meeting.他離開了這家公司，是因為老板在會上講的話。
8.because of通常用來引導狀語，而用于不引導表語（引導表語時可用 due to）。如：
誤：His absence is because of the rain.正：His absence is due to the rain.他因雨未來。
但是，若主語是代詞（不是名詞），則它引出的短語也可用作表語。如： It is because of hard work.那是因為辛苦工作的原因。It will be because of money.那將都是因為錢的原因。
because, since, as, for的用法區別 四者均可用來表示原因，區別如下：
(1)關于 because：語氣最強，表示直接原因，可用于回答 why 提出的問題、引導表語從句、用于強調
句等，而其余三者均不行：
“Why didn’t he come?” “Because he was ill.” “他為什么沒來?”“因為他病了。” My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples.我肚子痛，因為蘋果吃得太多。It is because he is honest that I like him.是因為他誠實我才喜歡他。(2)關于 since 與 as：
a.兩者所表示的原因都是人們已知的，即對已知事實提供理由，而不是表示直接原因。since 比 as 語氣
稍強，且比 as 略為正式，它們引導的從句通常放在主句之前，有時也放在主句之后： As you weren’t there, I left a message.由于你不在那兒，我留了個口信。Since you are wrong, you should apologize.你既然錯了，就應該道歉。b.since 可用于省略句，而其他三者不行：
Since so, I have nothing to say.既然如此，我無話可說。
(3)關于 for：是并列連詞(其余三者為從屬連詞)，它有時可表示因果關系(通常要放在主句之后，且可與
because 換用)；有時不表示因果關系，而是對前面分句內容的解釋或推斷(也要放在主句之后，但不能 與because 換用)。比較：
The ground is wet, for(=because)it rained last night.地面是濕的，因為昨晚下過雨。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet this morning.昨晚一定下過雨，你看今天早上地面是濕的。(此句不能用 because 代 for)
如何理解in that引導從句的用法
1、如果是作為自由搭配in that，那么它的意思需視上下文而定。如：
Put the bookcase in that corner.把書柜放在那個角落里。
You ought on no account to take part in that.你千萬別參與那事。It is expensive to stay in that hotel.住那家旅館很貴。
2、如果用in that引導從句，則它是一個習語，意思是“因為”“由于”，與從屬連詞because意思相同。如：
She was fortunate in that she had friends to help her.她很幸運，有一些朋友幫助她。The situation is rather complicated in that we have two managing directors.由于我們有兩位總經理，所以情況很復雜。
I’m in a slightly awkward position, in that he’s not arriving until the 10th.我的處境有點難堪，因為他要10號才來。
(六)、引導讓步狀語從句的從屬連詞。
主要的有although, though, even though, even if, while, however，whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever等。如：
Although they are twins, they look entirely different.他們雖是孿生, 但是相貌卻完全不同。
I like her even though she can be annoying.盡管她有時很惱人, 但我還是喜歡她。You won’t move that stone, however strong you are.不管你力氣多大, 也休想搬動那塊石頭。
Whatever we have achieved, we owe to your support.我們取得的一切成就都歸功于你們的支持。
Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way.不管你是誰，你都不能從這里通過。Whenever I see him I speak to him.每當我見到他，我都和他講話。
although 與 though 用法區別與說明
1.用作連詞，表示“雖然”，兩者大致同義，可換用，只是 although 比 though 更為正式。如：
Though [Although] they’re expensive, people buy them.雖然它們很昂貴，人們還是買。2.although 一般不用作副詞，而 though 可用作副詞，表示“可是”“不過”。如：
I expect you’re right—I’ll ask him, though.我認為你說得對——我去問問他也好。She promised to phone.I heard nothing, though.她答應要打電話來.可我沒聽到回信兒。這樣用的though通常位于句末，但有時位于句首的though也有這樣的意思。如： 他說他要付錢，然而我認為他不會付的。
正：He says he’ll pay, though I don’t think he will.正：He says he’ll pay;I don’t think he will, though.3.在 as though（好像，仿佛），even though（即使，縱然）等固定短語中，不能用 although代替though。如：She treats me as though I were a stranger.她待我仿佛我是一個陌生人。He’s the best teacher even though he has the least experience.他盡管經驗最少，但教得最好。
4.兩者均可用于省略句，通常見于主句與從句主語相同，且從句謂語含有動詞be的情形。如： Although [Though](it was)built before the war, the engine is still in perfect order.盡管是戰前制造的，這臺發動機仍然處于良好狀態。
Although [Though](he is)still young he is going very grey.盡管他還年輕他的頭發卻已變得灰白。
Although [Though](she was)in pain, she bravely blinked back her tears.她雖然很疼痛，但還是硬把眼淚抑制住了。
5.當though用于倒裝形式，它不能換成although，但可換成as。
Successful though [as] he is, he is not proud.他雖然成功，但不驕傲。
Much though [as] I like you, I couldn’t live with you.我盡管很喜歡你, 卻不能和你在一起生活。
Try though [as] I would, I could not make her change her mind.不管我多努力，也不能讓她改變主意。
Surrounded though [as] we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward.雖然我們被敵人包圍著，但我們還是設法前進了。
Raining hard though [as] it is, I’m going out for a walk.雖然正在下著大雨，我還是要出去散步。
注意，若倒裝后置于句首的是名詞時，其前習慣上不用冠詞或其他限定詞。如： Expert though [as] he was, he failed.他雖是專家，但還是失敗了。
Big puzzle though [as] it was, it hadn’t got the better of Jim.雖然是個大難題，但仍沒有難倒吉姆。
6.不要按漢語“雖然??但是??”的表達習慣，在 although 后連用 but。如：
雖然他只是個業余愛好者，但卻是一流的高手。
誤：Although he’s only an amateur, but he’s a first-class player.正：Although he’s only an amateur, he’s a first-class player.但是在強調時，although 可與 yet, still 等副詞連用。如：
Though he seems happy, yet he is worried.雖然他看起來很幸福，但他實際上很煩惱。注意：值得一提的是，在某些特定的語境中，although 與 but 連用的句子是可能的（注：but 引出的句子
在 although 從句之前）。如：
But I didn’t know that then, although I learned it later.但我當時的確不知道此事，盡管后來還是知道了。
He wanted to go abroad, but although he had some money he couldn’t afford it.他想出國，盡管他有些錢，但還是負擔不起。
I tried doing the accounts, but although I knew some maths I found it very difficult.我試著算這些賬，但盡管我懂點數學，仍感到很困難。
分析：此句將 but 與 although 用在一起，但此句也沒有錯誤。該句從總體來看，它是一個以并列連詞 but
連接的并列句，而在該并列句的后面一句又是一個包含讓步狀語從句 although I knew some maths 的復
合句——這種句型就是所謂的并列復合句。此句也可改寫為 I tried doing the accounts, but I found it
very difficult although I knew some maths.(七)、引導方式狀語從句的從屬連詞。主要的有as, as if, as though, the way等。如：
Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you to? 你怎么不聽我的話趕乘末班公共汽車呢? He bent the iron bar as if it had been made of rubber.他將鐵棍折彎，仿佛那是用橡皮做成的。
Nobody else loves you the way(=as)I do.沒有人像我這樣愛你。(八)、引導地點狀語從句的從屬連詞。主要的有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。如：
The church was built where there had once been a Roman temple.這座教堂蓋在一座羅馬寺廟的舊址。
I’ll take you anywhere you like.你想到哪兒我就帶你到哪兒。(from www.tmdps.cn)Everywhere I go，I find the same thing.不管我走到哪里，我都發現同樣情況。
(九)、引導比較狀語從句的從屬連詞。主要的有than和as…as。如：
She was now happier than she had ever been.現在她比過去任何時候都快活。
I glanced at my watch.It was earlier than I thought.我看了看表，時間比我想像的早。He doesn’t work as hard as she does.他工作不像她那樣努力。
(十)、引導名詞從句的從屬連詞。主要有that, whether, if 等，它們用于引導主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和
同位語從句。其中that 不僅沒不充當句子成分，而且沒有詞義，在句子中只起連接作用；而 if, whether 雖不充當句子成分，但有詞義，即表示“是否”。如：
He replied that he was going by train.他回答說他將坐火車去。I wonder if it’s large enough.我不知道它是否夠大。
I worry about whether I hurt her feelings.我為是否傷了她的感情而擔心。
四、并列連詞詞組的用法
(一)、both…and…的用法，其意為“…和…都”、“不但…而且…”、“既…又…”：
She both speaks and writes Japanese.她不僅會說日語，而且還會寫。He spoke with both kindness and understanding.他說話既親切又明事理。
【注】作為關聯并列連詞，它通常應連接兩個相同性質的句子成分，但有時后一成分可能省略與前一成分相 同的詞。另外，若連接兩個成分作主語時，謂語要用復數：
Both she and Sophia were pleased with the girl.她和索菲婭都喜歡這姑娘。
(二)、either…or…的用法
1、either?or…主要用于表示選擇，其意為“要么……要么……”，“不是…就是…”，“或者……或者……”，用于連接兩個性質相同的詞或短語。如： Either come in or go out.要么進來，要么出去。
I want to visit either Paris or London.我想去巴黎或倫敦游覽一下。
Either he did not speak distinctly or I did not hear well.不是他沒講清楚，就是我沒聽明白。
You can have either this one or that one.你拿這個或那個都可以。
You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow.你要么馬上走，要么等到明天。
We can finish the work either this week or next week.不是這星期就是下星期我們就可完成這項工作。
注意1：either?or…通常應連接兩個相同性質的句子成分，但有時后一成分可能省略與前一成分相同的
詞，若連接兩個成分作主語，謂語動詞通常與其靠近的主語保持一致。如： Either you or I am to go.你或我必須有人去。
Either he or you are right.要么他對，要么你對。
注意2：但在非正式文體中，有時也會一律用復數謂語。如：
You can either have tea or coffee.你喝茶也行，喝咖啡也行。
Either you or I am wrong.不是你錯，就是我錯。
If either David or Janet come, they will want a drink.大衛或珍妮特來的話，是會要喝酒的。
2.either?or…除可連接兩個詞或短語外，有時也可連接兩個句子。如：
Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.要么你改進工作，要么我就辭退你。
Either you’ll leave this house or I’ll call the police.你要是不離開這座房子，我就叫警察來。
3.either?or?的否定式可以是not either?or?，也可以是neither?nor...。如：
He didn’t either write or phone.=He neither wrote nor phoned.他既沒寫信又沒打電話。注意，正如不能說either?not 一樣(但可說not?either)，英語習慣上也不說either?or?not，如不能說：
Either he or his wife hasn’t come.可改為：Neither he nor his wife has come.(三)、neither…nor…的用法，其意為“既不…也不…”、“…和…都不”：
I have neither time nor money.我既無時間又無錢。I neither smoke nor drink.我既不抽煙也不喝酒。
He neither knows nor cares what happened.他對所發生的事不聞不問。This is neither my fault nor yours.這既不怪我，也不怪你。
【注】通常應連接兩個相同性質的句子成分，但有時后一成分可能省略與前一成分相同的詞。若連接兩個成
分作主語，其謂語通常與靠近的主語保持一致：
Mary neither likes maths nor(likes)history.瑪麗既不喜歡數學也不喜歡歷史。Neither Jim and Jack was at home.吉姆和杰克都不在家。但在非正式文體中也可一律用復數：
Neither Jim and Jack were at home.吉姆和杰克都不在家。
(四)、not only…but also…的用法
not only?but also表示“不但…而且…”，“不僅……而且”，“既……又”，用于連接兩個性質相同的詞或
短語。如：
Not only men but also women were chosen.不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。We were not only hungry, but also tired.我們不但餓了，而且也累了。She likes not only music but also sport.她不但喜歡音樂而且喜歡運動。
She not only plays well, but also writes music.她不僅很會演奏，而且還會作曲。We go there not only in winter, but also in summer.我們不僅冬天去那兒，而且夏天也去。
另外，在使用not only?but also…時還應注意以下幾點：
1、有時可將but also分開用，即將but視為普通的并列連詞，用于連接兩個句子，然后將also用于句中
（用謂語動詞用在一起）。如：
He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous technique.他不僅很快，而且技術高超。
2.該結構中的also有時可以省略，或將also換成too, as well（置于句末）。如： Not only is he funny, but he is witty too [as well].他不但風趣，而且也很機智。He not only washed the car, but polished it too [as well].他不僅沖洗汽車，而且還擦拭了它。
His name is known not only in Japan, but in China.他不僅在日本出名，而且在中國也出名。
3.有時因為語境的需要，not only?but also…也可能用于連接兩個性質不同的詞或短語，但這多半因為承前 省略的原因。如：
He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends.他不僅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班。
句中的not only后接的是謂語goes to，而but also后接的卻是狀語 on weekends，可視為but also后承
前省略了謂語動詞 goes to work。
4.當not only?but also連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞的數原則上與其相近的主語保持一致。如：
Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不僅學生們在欣賞這部影片，他們的老師也在欣賞這部影片。
5.為了強調，可將not only置于句首，此時其后的句子通常要用部分倒裝的形式。如：
Not only has she been late three times, she has also done no work.她不僅僅遲到了3次，她還沒干一點活。
Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water.他們不但需要衣服，而且還缺水。
注：有時也可見到不倒裝的情形，此時主要見于but also后接省略結構的情況（省略只剩下主語）。如：
Not only my mother was unhappy, but Marian, too.不僅我母親不快樂，瑪麗安也不快樂。
(五)、not only…but also…是否一定要連接對稱結構
1、連接對稱結構
not only…but also…是一對非常有用的關聯連詞，其意為“不僅……而且……”“不但……而且……”，通常
用于連接兩個相同的句子成分，即所謂的“對稱結構”。如：(1).連接主語
Not only you but also I am hungry.不只你，我也餓了呢。
Not only men but also women were chosen.不僅僅是男的，女的也有被選中的。Not only the students but also their teacher is enjoying the film.不僅學生們在欣賞這部影片，他們的老師也在欣賞這部影片。(2).連接謂語
She not only plays well, but also writes music.她不僅很會演奏，而且還會作曲。He not only read the book, but also remembered what he read.他不僅讀過這本書，還記得內容。
She not only sings like an angel, but also dances divinely.她不但唱歌唱得像天使一樣，而且跳舞也跟天仙一般。(3).連接表語
He is not only arrogant but also selfish.他不但傲慢，而且自私。
The place was not only cold, but also damp.那個地方不但很冷而且很潮濕。
Certain poisons, used as medicines in small quantities, prove not only innocuous, but beneficial.某些毒品，如少量用作藥品，證明不但無毒，而且有益。(4).連接賓語
He speaks both French and English well.他法語和英語都說得好。
She likes not only music but also sport.她不但喜歡音樂而且喜歡運動。If this project fails it will affect not only our department, but also the whole organization.要是這個方案不成功，這不僅不會影響我們這個部門，而且會影響整個組織。(5).連接定語
There are problems not only with the students, but also with the teachers themselves.不但學生們有難題，教師們自己也有。(6).連接狀語
We go there not only in winter, but also in summer.我們不僅冬天去那兒，而且夏天也去。He works not only on weekdays but on Sundays as well.他不僅平時工作，星期日也工作。
They landed up not only having to apologize but also offering to pay.他們最后不但同意道歉，而且還要付款。
2、連接非對稱結構
但在實際運用中，該結構有時不完全遵循“連接相同句子成分”的用法而出現一些非對稱結構。這類用法
主要有以下幾類：
(1).因承前省略而導致的不對稱
(1)He not only goes to work on weekdays, but also on weekends.他不僅工作日去上班，在周末也去上班。句中的not only后接的是謂語goes to，而but also后接的卻是狀語 on weekends，可視為but also后承
前省略了謂語動詞 goes to work。(2)She not only plays the piano, but also the violin.他不僅彈鋼琴，而且還拉小提琴。
句中的not only后為謂語動詞，而but also后接的是名詞，實為動詞plays的賓語，可視為在but also后承
前省略了謂語動詞plays。
(3)Her charm not only consists in her beauty but also in her self-confidence.她的魅力不僅在于她的美貌，而且在 于她的自信。
可視為but also后承前省略了consists。(2).因強調導致不對稱 有時為了強調，not only…but also…連接的兩個成分也可能是“不對稱”的，這類用法尤其見于
not only后接的是句子的一個部分，而but卻用于句中“連接”一個句子（其后的句中可能出現also，也可能省略also）。如：
It’s not only useless to trouble him but it is needless to do so.去麻煩他不僅沒有用而且沒有必要。
He’s not only very fast, but he’s also got marvellous technique.他不僅很快，而且技術高超。His headache and fatigue not only subsided, but, what is more, his craving for alcohol disappeared.不但他的頭疼和疲勞減累輕了，而且他嗜酒的毛病也消失了。
這類用法有時也可能會省略but后面的主語，而保留其后的謂語。如：
The film was not only amusing, but gave a valuable moral lesson.這部電影不但逗人，而且也上了一堂有價值 的道德教育課。（句子后半部分可視為but it gave a valuable moral lesson之省略）
She was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable.這艘輪船不僅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被認為是不會沉沒的。（句子后半部分可視為but she was regarded as unsinkable之省略）
These attracted many visitors, for they were not only of great architectural interest, but contained a large number of beautifully preserved frescoes as well.它們吸引大量游客，不僅是因為建筑風格奇特，而且還有大量保存完好的壁畫。
五、連詞總結
表遞進moreover, in addition, what is more, furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表轉折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表層次on the one hand,...on the other hand;first,...second,...finally;表強調firstly,...secondly,...finally...;first,...then...etc.表強調in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently, 表結果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表結尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例舉in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表強調still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially, obviously, clearly.表比較like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表對比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列舉for example, for instance, such as, take...for example.Except(for), to illustrate.表時間later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while, first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 表順序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解釋in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表遞進What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表讓步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表轉折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas 表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表結果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表總結on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他類型連接詞
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case，表空間near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 表舉例 for example to name a few, say , such as
表遞進in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 表對比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison
表示時間與頻率的詞匯:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的詞:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to，引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is
表示轉折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise
得出結論:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.表示增加的過渡詞：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top of that，another，first second third等。
表示時間順序的過渡詞：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，later，immediately，soon，next，in a few days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。
表示空間順序的過渡詞：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right（left），around，outside等。
表示比較的過渡詞：in the same way，just like，just as等。
表示對照的過渡詞：but，still，yet，however，on the other hand，on the contrary，in spite of，even though等。
表示結 果 和 原 因 的 過 渡 詞：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，hence，thus，otherwise等。
表示目的的過渡詞：for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。
表示強調的過渡詞：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，without any doubt，truly，to repeat，above all，most important等。
表示解釋說明的過渡詞：for example，in fact，in this case，for actually等。
表示總結的過渡詞：finally，at last，in conclusion，as I have shown，in other word，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，as has been stated等
增補(Addition)
in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.比較(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as
對照(Contrast)whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while
因果(Cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus
強調(Emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important
6.讓步(Concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例證(Exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.總結(Conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, in summary
推斷(Inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise
時間和空間(Time and space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of
表示羅列增加（遞進）
first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last / last but not least, and equally important, on(the)one hand…, on the other hand…, besides / what’s more / in addition(to sth.)/ furthermore / moreover / another / also / too, plus, as well, especially / particularly / in particular 表示時間順序
now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, at the beginning(of sth.), to begin with, to start with
later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly = all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment…, from now on, from then on, gradually
at the same time = meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as, during 表示解釋說明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, in fact / as a matter of fact / actually, frankly speaking, in other words, in simpler terms, that is to say, to put it differently 表示轉折關系
but, however, while, though, yet, still, nevertheless, or, otherwise, on the contrary / on the other hand, in spite of… / despite the fact that…, even though, except(for), instead, in stead of, of course, after all, even so 表示并列關系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also…, as well as, both… and…, either …or…, neither…nor… 表示因果關系
原因：because, because of = thanks to? = due to? = owing to?, since = now that, as, for，結果：so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result(of), on this / that account, so?that, such?that, in this way
表示條件關系
as(so)long as, on condition that, if, unless 表示讓步關系 though，although，as，even if，even though，whether ?or?，however，whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how(who, what, which, where)表示舉例
for example, for instance, such as…, like…, take… for example 表示比較
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with(to)…, just like 表示目的
for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, in order to, so as to, 表示強調
indeed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all 表示概括歸納
in a word, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, generally speaking, in general, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, as what has been mentioned, to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion 表示“尤有進者”的意思：
Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等，如：
① Jason teaches diligently.Besides, he writes a lot.② English is a useful language.For one thing, it is an official language in the UN.Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.表示“反意見”： But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on the contrary, on the other hand等，如：
③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.④ Singapore is not a big country.On the contrary, it is very small.表示“困果關系”：
Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等，如：
⑤ Some people are over-ambitious.As a result, they are usually unhappy.⑥ Tom did not work hard;hence, he failed.表示“比較關系”：
Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等，如：
⑦ You cannot writes without a pen.Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class.Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a
Mandarin class.表示“舉例示范”：
For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等，如：
⑨ There are some common errors in his composition.For instance, it is wrong to use “he” to replace “the queen”.表示“結束”：
To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等，如：
⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in.Others say it is not so nice.It is too competitive.In short, some like Singapore;some do not.并列關系
and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example 轉折關系
although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite 順序關系
first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next 因果關系
as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of 歸納關系
as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word
幾個用得比較多的句子：
As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages.Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.To sum up/ In general/ On the whole/ In brief/ In short/ In a word, it is true that … bring about both positive and negative results.But we can try our best to reduce the negative influence to the least extent.Obviously, in every aspect, …
This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…
As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive.表層進表舉例表解釋表總結表強調表讓步表比較表轉折表時間表層進
first, firstly to begin with second, secondly to start with third, thirdly what’s more also and then
and equally important besides in addition
further in the first place still furthermore
last last but not the least next besides too moreover finally 2.表舉例
for example for instance to illustrate as an illustration after all
3.表解釋
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words
4.表總結
in summary in a word in brief in conclusion to conclude in fact indeed in short
in other words of course it is true specially namely in all
that is to summarize thus as has been said altogether in other words finally in simpler terms in particular that is
on the whole to put it differently therefore
5.表強調
of course indeed
above all most important emphasis certainly in fact 6.表讓步
still nevertheless
in spite of all the same even so after all
concession granted naturally of course
7.表比較
in comparison likewise similarly equally however likewise in the same way
8.表轉折
by contrast although at the same time but in contrast nevertheless
notwithstanding on the contrary on the other hand otherwise regardless still though yet
despite the fact that even so even though for all that however in spite of
instead
9.表時間
after a while afterward again also
and then as long as at last at length at that time before besides earlier eventually finally formerly further
furthermore in addition in the first place in the past last lately
meanwhile moreover next now
presently second
shortly simultaneously since so far soon still
subsequently then thereafter too until until now when 總結關系過渡詞語
in general, to some extent, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, in brief, on the whole 比較對比關系過渡詞語
similarly, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless 列舉關系過渡詞語
as a case in point, such as, first of all, to begin with, furthermore, besides, in addition, for one thing, for another 因果關系過渡詞語
because(of), since, for, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, consequently, for the reason that, therefore, hence 讓步關系過渡詞語
although, even though, in spite of, despite 強調關系過渡詞語
surely, obviously, particularly, in deed, needless to say, most important of all 遞進關系
in addition, also, moreover, besides，what's more 時間順序
immediately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, while 方式手段
as, as if, the way，by 目的關系
so that, lest，in order that 1)表層次:
First ,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first place second, secondly, to start with, still, furthermore third, thirdly, what is more, last, last but not least also, and then, next, besides
and equally important too moreover besides in addition finally 2)表轉折；
by contrast although though yet
at the same time but despite the fact that even so in contrast nevertheless even though for all that notwithstanding on the contrary however in spite of on the other hand otherwise instead still regardless 3)表因果；
therefore consequently because of for the reason thus hence due to owing to
so accordingly thanks to on this account since as on that account in this way for as a result as a consequence 4）表讓步：
still nevertheless concession granted naturally in spite of all the same of course despite even so after all
5)表遞近：furthermore moreover likewise what is more besides also not only...but also...too in addition 6)表舉例：
for example for instance for one thing that is to illustrate as an illustration a case in point 7)表解釋：
as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namely in other words 8)表總結：
in summary in a word thus as has been said in brief in conclusion altogether in other words to conclude in fact finally in simpler terms indeed in short in particular that is
in other words of course on the whole to put it differently namely in all therefore to summarize
表并列補充關系: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition
表轉折對比關系: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, un?鄄like, nevertheless, not only...but also, here...there, years ago...today, this...that, the former...the latter, then...now, the first...whereas the second, once...now, on the one hand...on the other , some...others
表因果關系: since, as, because（of）, for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that 表條件關系: if, on the condition（that）, as long as, unless, or else
表時間關系: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this
morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, after?鄄ward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden
表特定的順序關系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last 表換一種方式表達: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way 表舉例說明: for instance, for example, like, such as
表陳述事實: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth
表總結: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary
第二篇：古代漢語 介詞、連詞 用法總結
介詞、連詞
一、介詞
1、于（於、乎）
——引入行為動作涉及的對象
宋公及楚人戰于泓。（《左傳·僖公二十二年》）是干戚用于古，不用于今也。（《韓非子·五蠹》）引入行為動作的處所與時間。
潁考叔為潁谷封人，聞之，有獻于公。（《左傳·鄭伯克段于鄢》）利澤施乎萬世。（《莊子·大宗師》）——引入行為動作比較的對象
青，取之於藍而青於藍；冰，水為之而寒於水。（《荀子·勸學》）其聞道也，固先乎吾。（韓愈《師說》）——引入行為動作的主動者，即表示被動。
刑賞已諾，信乎天下矣。（《荀子·王霸》）
2、以
引入行為動作憑借的工具、材料與依據。
蛇出于其下，以肱擊之。（《左傳·鞌之戰》）以羽為巢，而編之以發。（《荀子·勸學》）引入行為動作憑借的資格、身份或地位。
儒以文亂法，俠以武犯禁。（《韓非子·五蠹》）騫以郎應募使月氏。（《漢書·張騫傳》）引入行為動作的原因
夫韓魏滅亡，而安陵以五十里之地存者，徒以有先生也。（《戰國策·魏策四》）扶蘇以數諫故，上使外將兵。（《史記·陳涉起義》）引入行為動作的時間。
文（指田文，即孟嘗君）以五月五日生。（《史記·孟嘗君列傳》）
3、為
（1）引入行為動作的對象。
為長安君約車百乘。（《戰國策·觸龍說趙太后》）苦為河伯娶婦。（《史記·西門豹治鄴》）煩大巫嫗為入報河伯。（《史記·西門豹治鄴》）（2）引入行為動作的目的
魏其銳身為救灌夫。（《史記·魏其武安侯列傳》）（3）引入行為動作的原因
天行有常，不為堯存，不為桀亡。（《荀子·天論》）
二、連詞
1、與 作連詞
畦留夷與揭車兮，雜杜衡與芳芷。（屈原《離騷》）作介詞
公與之乘，戰于長勺。（《左傳·莊公十年》）夸父與日逐走。（《山海經·夸父逐日》）
2、而
（1）連接聯合結構，連接形容詞、動詞或形容詞、動詞性詞組，表示兩種性質或行為之間的聯系。既可以使順接，也可以是逆接
美而艷。（《左傳·桓公元年》）入而徐趨，至而自謝。（《戰國策·觸龍說趙太后》）因釋其耒而守株，冀復得兔。（《韓非子·五蠹》）水淺而舟大也。（《莊子·逍遙游》）
（2）連接偏正結構，即連接狀語與謂語動詞，是一種順接。
吾嘗終日而思矣，不如須臾之所學也。（《荀子·勸學》）太后盛氣而揖之。（《戰國策·觸龍說趙太后》）
（3）連接主謂結構，即連接主語和謂語，是一種逆接，或是一種假設。
故令尹誅而楚奸不上聞，仲尼賞而魯民易降北。（《韓非子·五蠹》）十人而從一人者，寧力不勝，智不若耶？畏之也。（《戰國策·趙策三》）子產而死，誰其嗣之？（《左傳·襄公三十年》）學而時習之，不亦說乎？（《論語·學而》）
用在聯合結構中，連接動詞性詞組，表示兩種行為之間的聯系，順接。
舟已行矣，而劍不行，求劍若此，不亦惑乎？（《呂氏春秋·察今》）連接主謂結構，是一種逆接。
吾恂恂而起。（柳宗元《捕蛇者說》）
連接偏正結構，即連接狀語與謂語動詞，是一種順接。
未至，道渴而死。（《山海經·夸父逐日》）
連接偏正結構，即連接狀語與謂語動詞，是一種順接。
意而安之，愿假冠以見；意如不安，愿無變國俗。（《說苑·奉使》）連接主謂結構，表示假設。
3、則
（1）表示兩件事情在時間上相承，可理解為“就”、“便”等。
戰則請從。（《左傳·莊公十年》）
人情一日不再食則饑，終歲不制衣則寒。（晁錯《論貴粟疏》）（2）表示因果或情理上的聯系，可理解為“那么”、“那么就”等
風之積也不厚，則其負大翼也無力。（《莊子·逍遙游》）民貧則奸邪生。（晁錯《論貴粟疏》）是故無事則國富，有事則兵強。（《韓非子·五蠹》）（3）表示假設，可理解為“如果”、“假如”
時則不至，而控于地而已矣。（《莊子·逍遙游》）（4）表示發現，可理解為“原來已經”。
公使陽處父追之，及諸河，則在舟中矣。（《左傳·僖公三十三年》）（5）表示讓步關系，可理解為“雖然”、“倒是”等。
善則善矣，未可以戰也。（《國語·吳語》）
4、之
（1）連接定語和中心語，表示領屬或修飾關系
是炎帝之少女。（《山海經·精衛填海》）足下上畏太后之嚴，下惑奸臣之態。（《戰國策·范雎說秦王》）（2）插在主謂結構之間，取消主謂結構的獨立性，使其變成偏正結構
貢之不入，寡君之罪也。（《左傳·齊桓公伐楚》）湯之問棘也是已。（《莊子·逍遙游》）
第三篇：英語連詞總結
英語連接詞
連接詞的意義分類
表遞進moreover, in addition, what is more，furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表轉折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表層次on the one hand,...on the other hand;first,...second,...finally;表強調firstly,...secondly,...finally...;first,...then...etc.表強調in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently, 表結果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表結尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例舉in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表強調still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially.Obviously, clearly.表比較like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表對比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列舉for example, for instance, such as, take...for example.Except(for), to illustrate.表時間later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 表順序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解釋in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表遞進What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表讓步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表轉折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas 表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表結果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表總結on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他類型連接詞
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case, 表空間near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 表舉例 for example to name a few, say , such as 表遞進in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 表對比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison 表示時間與頻率的詞匯:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的詞:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to，引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is
表示轉折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise
得出結論:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.表示增加的過渡詞：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top of that，another，first second third等。
表示時間順序的過渡詞：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，later，immediately，soon，next，in a few days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。
表示空間順序的過渡詞：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right（left），around，outside等。
表示比較的過渡詞：in the same way，just like，just as等。
表示對照的過渡詞：but，still，yet，however，on the other hand，on the contrary，in spite of，even though等。
表示結 果 和 原 因 的 過 渡 詞：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，hence，thus，otherwise等。
表示目的的過渡詞：for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。
表示強調的過渡詞：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，without any doubt，truly，to repeat，above all，most important等。
表示解釋說明的過渡詞：for example，in fact，in this case，for actually等。
表示總結的過渡詞：finally，at last，in conclusion，as I have shown，in other word，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，as has been stated等
增補(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.比較(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as
對照(Contrast)whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while
因果(Cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus
強調(Emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important
6.讓步(Concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例證(Exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.總結(Conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, in summary
推斷(Inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise
時間和空間(Time and space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of
表示羅列增加（遞進）
first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last / last but not least, and equally important, on(the)one hand…, on the other hand…, besides / what’s more / in addition(to sth.)/ furthermore / moreover / another / also / too, plus, as well, especially / particularly / in particular 表示時間順序
now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, at the beginning(of sth.), to begin with, to start with
第四篇：許老師(原創) 英語連詞用法歸納(例句豐富)
連詞的用法:英語連詞用法歸納
1.通常用作復數的集合名詞
police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名詞，總是表示復數意義，用作主語時，其謂語要用復數：
The police were after him.警察正在追捕他。
People are beginning to talk about her.人們開始議論她。Cattle feed on grass.牛吃草。
【注】goods(貨物), clothes(衣服)只有復數形式，且只表示復數意義： Such clothes are very cheap.那樣的衣服很便宜。
All the goods have been sent to them.所有的貨物都給他們送去了。2.只用作單數的不可數集合名詞
clothing(衣服)，poetry(詩歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，machinery(機械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠寶)，equipment(設備)等集合名詞通常只用作不可數名詞，表示單數意義，用作主語時，其后謂語動詞用單數形式：
Our clothing protects us from against the cold.我們的衣服可以御寒。All their baggage was stolen.他們所有的行李都被偷了。The furniture is convenient to move.這家具搬起來很方便。
All the machinery in the factory is made in China.這個工廠所有的機器都是中國產的。
3.既可表示單數意義也可表示復數意義的集合名詞
family(家庭)，team(隊，隊員)，class(班，班上的全體學生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘務員)，committee(委員會)，audience(聽眾)，public(公眾)等集合名詞，當它們表示整體意義時，表單數意義，當它們強調個體意義時，表示復數意義：
Her family is a large one.她的家庭是一個大家庭。Her family are all tall.她的一家人都很高。
The team is the best in the league.這個隊在聯賽中打得最好。The football team are having baths.足球隊隊員們在洗澡。
It was late, but the audience was increasing.時間很遲了，但聽眾人數卻在增加。The audience were all moved to tears.聽眾都感動得流了淚。【注】有時沒有特定的語境，用單復數謂語均可以：
The audience was(were)very excited by the show.觀眾對演出甚感激動。
許老師英語培訓
第五篇：英語連詞知識點總結
英語連詞知識點總結
一、并列連詞
并列連詞用來連接平行對等（即互不從屬）的詞、詞組或分句。按照并列連詞在句子中的作用可分為：并列關系，轉折關系，選擇關系，因果關系。
基本并列連詞如 and, or , but , 關聯連詞如 either...or , neither...nor , not only...but also,both...and, whether...or 等；介于并列連詞與從屬連詞或介詞之間的結構如 as well as , as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等；此外還有些'半連接詞'，一些語法學家把它們稱為連接副詞，如 nevertheless, however, meanwhile, otherwise, likewise 等，在句中做連接性狀語。這類連詞主要是從邏輯上，而不是從形式上連接句子，其關系比較松散。
并列關系的連詞有：and, both?and, not only?but also, as well as, and?as well, not?nor, neither?nor等。
1.and的基本用法是表示并列和對稱關系。
例4 He sang and played the guitar.他一邊唱歌一邊彈吉他。
（1）兩個對等的賓語或狀語之間，在肯定句中用and，但在否定句中，不用and，一般用or或nor。
例5 Our college is not in Beijing or Shanghai.我們的學院既不在北京也不在上海。
（2）當一個句子中出現了兩個否定詞時，應該用and連接并列成分。這時and表示的也是全部否定。
例6 He did not talk loudly and also not clearly.他說話聲音不大，也不清晰。
（3）and用來連接條件分句和結果分句，意思是“??，那么??”。當兩個并列成分本身都是否定時，也要用and連接，and在這種情況下，仍然表示全部否定。
（4）在come, go, run, hurry up, stay, stop等動詞后，and能用來代替省略to不定式引導的目的狀語。
例7 Would you go and tell the children to shut up? 你能告訴孩子們別再說話了嗎？
注：有時and后可用第三人稱單數或過去式。
例8 He went and had a drink with us yesterday.昨天他來了，和我們喝了點酒。
用在try, wait等后，也有類似的用法，但只能用它們的原形。
例9 Try and get some water.盡量拿點水來。
（5）祈使句 + and 表示結果。
例10 Let’s give him some help, and he will be able to improve in his studies.咱們幫幫他，他一定會提高他的學習成績。
（6）and that(or those)?，??而且?? 其作用是補充前面所說的話，以達到強調的目的。用來代表前一分句的全部或一部分。
例11 He speaks English, and that very well.他會說英語，而且說的很好。
（7）at once? and ? 既 ??又??
例12 The novel is at once interesting and instructive.那部小說既有趣，又有教育意義。
2.both ?and連接兩個平等的成分，避免用兩個以上的平等的成分。
例13 A man should have both courage and perseverance.一個人應該既有勇氣又有毅力。
3.not only? but also?有時but或also可省略，not only位于句首要倒裝。
例14 He is not only handsome but also clever.他不僅英俊瀟灑，而且聰明。
4.as well as相當于連詞，其意為in addition to，and also，besides等。as well as的側重點在前，強調語氣較強。連接兩個名詞時，謂語動詞要與第一個名詞相一致。
例15 He as well as I agrees with you.他和我一樣都同意你的觀點。
例16 His parents as well as he are very kind to me.他的父母和他都對我很好。
5.neither?nor? 它們可單獨使用，位于句首時要倒裝。
例17 Gases have neither definite size nor shape of their own.氣體既沒有大小，也沒有形狀。
例18 I can neither speak nor write French.我既不會說也不會寫法語。
轉折、對比關系的連詞有：but, however, nevertheless, yet, while, still, whereas, onlybut , nevertheless, likewise, anyway , only , conversely , on the contrary, by this time, all the same , fortunately, on the other hand , in the meantime等。
1.but用作連詞，意為但是、可是或然而，表示語義的轉折。
例19 She was tired, but she still went on working.她很累了，但她仍然繼續努力工作。
2.However 用作連接副詞，相當于no matter how，引導讓步狀語從句，意思是“不管怎樣??”“無論如何??”，具體結構有以下兩種：
（1）however+形容詞+主語+系動詞
例20 However rich people are，they always seem anxious to take more money.無論人們有多富裕，他們似乎總是渴望掙到更多的錢。
（2）however+副詞+主語+謂語
例21 However fast he runs，he can’t catch up with us.無論他跑得多快也不能趕上我們。
3.nevertheless 然而，不過
例22 He is charming;nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him.他很有魅力，然而我不太相信他。
4.yet 用作轉折連詞時，意思是“然而、可是”。
例23 She has her weakness, yet that does not mean she is not qualified for the job.她有她的缺點，然而那并不意味著她不勝任這項工作。5.while意為“而，然而”,表示轉折。
例24 He went out, while I stayed at home.他出去了，而我呆在家里。
6.still強調過去發生的事情及存在的狀況目前還在延續。
例25 We have made some achievements, still we should be modest and prudent.我們取得了一些成績，但我們仍須謙虛謹慎。
7.whereas意為“而，然而”連接兩個對等的句子。
例26 He is ill, whereas I am a little tired.他病了，而我有些累了。
例27 You may go, only come back early.你可以去，只是要早點回來。
選擇關系的連詞有：either?or, whether?or, or, rather than?，otherwise等。
1.either?or 作為選擇連詞，一般用來連接句子中的同等成分，如名詞、動詞、介詞短語等。但有時也可見到前后不一致的情況。
例28 You may either stay here or go with us.你可以留下來，也可以跟我們一起走。
2.whether?or作“是??還是??”解時，whether表示一種選擇，其后可以跟介詞短語或不定式短語。
例29 Please tell us whether to go or stay.請告訴我們是走還是留下來。
3.rather A than B 連接兩個并列的成分表示寧愿??，后面常用動詞原形。
例30 I would rather read than watch television.我寧愿讀書而不愿看電視。
4.or 在并列結構中，or通常用于否定句。表示選擇的并列結構中or意思為“否則”。
例31 Which would you rather do go walking or go to the movies? 你愿意去散步還是去看電影？
因果關系的連詞有：so, for, therefore, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently,thus, on that account, in that case等。
1.so表示“因此” “所以”,連接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示結果。
例32 It was late, so we went home.天晚了，所以我們就回家了。
例33 He was angry, so he could not speak.他很生氣，連話都說不出來了。
2.for為并列連詞，連接兩個并列的分句，表示附加的或推斷的理由。
例34 I could not visit you, for I felt unwell yesterday.我昨天感覺不舒服，因此沒能拜訪你。
3.therefore 因此，所以。
例35 He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties were increased.他的身體垮了，因此他的困難比以前增加了。
4.hence 因此，從此，表示原因，理由。
例36 The town was built on the side of a hill;hence(comes)the name Hillside.這個小鎮建在山邊，于是命名為山邊。
5.consequently 結果，從而，因此。
例37 It rained three days in succession, and consequently all the bridges were swept away.一連下了三天雨，所有的橋都被沖走了。
其它并列連詞常見的有： as well as, more than, rather than, no less than 等.(1)as well as 表示 '同' 和 '也' 的意義
as well as 用作并列連詞時它意義相當于 not only...but also, 但側重點在后一并列成分上而 as well as 側重點卻在前一并列成分上 ,A as well as B=not only B but also A.(2)more than 表示而不是之意.(3)rather than 表示 '而不是' 之意.(4)no less than 表示 ' 同...一樣 ' 之意.當 as well as ,more than, rather than, no less than 連接兩個成分作主語時謂語動詞應于第一個成分的數相一致.在使用并列連詞時我們應該注意:(1)并列連詞不可以連用.(2)有些連接性狀語副詞可以和某些從屬連詞對應使用.(3)在 for 或 so that 引出的分句中如果主語與前一分句的主語所指相同其主語不可以省略.同樣, 如果第二個分句是由連接副詞引出的其主語通常也不可省略.二、從屬連詞
從屬連詞是用來引導從句的，它在主句和從句中間起連接作用。具體地說，從屬連詞主要引導名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）和狀語從句，不引導定語從句。從屬連詞按詞形分為簡單從屬連詞，復合從屬連詞，關連從屬連詞。1)簡單從屬連詞 常見的有：after, although雖然，盡管, as, because, before, if, lest,once, since, that, till, unless, until, when, where, whether, while 等。2)復合從屬連詞
由兩個或兩個以上單詞構成的從屬連詞，如： as if猶如，好似, as far as至于，直到，遠到；就?而言 , as soon as一就, according as , in case , no matter who(how,what,when, where), rather than, 3 for all that 盡管，雖然如此 , given(that), in order that, now(that), on condition that ,(so)that ,provided/providing(that), inasmuch as , insofar as , in that,now that等。
3)關聯從屬連詞 由兩個關聯構成的，如： as...as, nore(less,-er)...than, no sooner...than, so...as , so...that,such...sa , the...the, whether...or 等，使用從屬連詞時，應該注意
(1)由從屬連詞引導的狀語從句，其位置通常是可變的。
(2)并列連詞之間之前不可以加其它連詞，而從屬連詞之前可以加并列連詞；連接副詞。使用連詞時, 還應該注意: 1.because, for, since, as 的區別 1）、because語氣強, 表示客觀必然原因：例如: He is absent, because he is ill.因為生病，所以他沒來。
比較:He is absent, for he is busy.（“生病”是“缺席”的必然原因，“忙”不是必然原因。）2）、for 語氣輕,表示非客觀必然的原因,是主觀可改變結果的原因,甚至是猜測可能的原因: for 不能放句首,它是并列連詞。
He must be ill, for he is absent.“缺席”不一定是“生病”，只是交流猜測。.3）、since, as 都是不講自明的原因, 是已知的原因.Since I am a boy, let me carry the case.As you don't feel well,you had better stay at home.三、知識拾零
1、when和which等引導名詞性從句時，分別稱為連接副詞和連接代詞；引導形容詞性從句時，分別稱關系副詞和關系代詞，都在句子中作成分，不叫“連詞”。while作并列連詞，還可意為“但是，可是；然而”，表示轉折或對比。
2、既能引導狀語從句，又能引導名詞性從句的if和whether.1)、在表示“是否”的意思時，whether和if都能引導賓語從句。但在正式文體中有or not或 wheither? or時或介詞的賓語時我用wheither。
2）表示“假如”的意思時，引導條件狀語從句時，只能用if，不能用wheither。
3、when和while可以作從屬連詞，引導時間狀語。when也可以作并列連詞，意思為“就在這時突然”。While作并列連詞時，意思為“然而”。
4、when作連詞——引導狀語從句；作連接副詞——引導名詞性從句；作關系副詞——引導定語從句；作疑問副詞——引出疑問句。
5、until引導時間狀語從句常與not連用
6、while和when都有“當??的時候”，不過while引導的從句通常動詞為延續性的（如：work）而when 引導的從句動詞既可以是延續性的也可以是非延續性的。
7、從屬連詞since引導的時間狀語從句用一般過去時，主句用現在完成時，表示從過去某一時刻開始的動作，一直延續到現在。
8、屬連詞until的用法。until意為“直到??為止”，表示時間上的轉折點，在此以前發生的動作或狀態，到了這個時刻，就立刻停止，轉為另外的動作或狀態。
9、并列連詞not only?but also? 中的also可以省略，但but不能省略。not only?but(also)?連接的前后兩部分必須保持一致或對等。
10、情景交際用語知識。but在交際用語中，與“I’m sorry”及“Excuse me”等連用，表示委婉拒絕或道歉。
Excuse me for breaking in，__ but ___ I have some news for you．
11、“live up to?”配得上??，“be home to?”??的家園。as long as表示“僅有的條件”，while表示“同時或轉折”，if表示“條件”，even though表示“讓步”。
12、in case表示“for fear that”，意為“以防，免得”。另外，in case還可以用在句尾，表示“以防萬一”，
13、as強調主句謂語動詞與從句謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發生；while除可表示動作的同時性外還含有一個動作在另一個動作正在進行或持續進行的某一時刻發生。
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